资源简介

南海区2025届高二级“升基工程”学业水平监测
英语试卷
笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听说考试（独立安排，满分20分）
第二部分 综合运用（共五节，满分65分）
第一节 课外阅读（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every time Oksana Chusovitina competes in a gymnastics event, she catches the audience’s attention. The Hangzhou Asian Games proved no exception. When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast took part in the event on Monday, thousands of audiences cheered for “Qiu Ma”, which translates to “Mother Chusovitina”.
“I’m touched by Chusovitina’s story. She tried to save her son and just never gave up. She is beautiful both as an athlete and as a mother,” said Zhang Anqi, a Hangzhou local who attended the event.
After completing her competition, Chusovitina blew a kiss to the audience and formed a “heart” shape with her hands. “It is the love and support of the people that keep me going and give me the strength to achieve more,” Chusovitina said. “I am not very satisfied with my performance tonight. Actually, I was a little over-excited. I will increase the difficulty in the final,” she added.
Chusovitina has a storied history at the Asian Games, having won eight medals, including two golds in 2002. Her Olympic journey began in 1992, representing the former Soviet Union. She later stood for Uzbekistan. When Chusovitina’s son got a serious illness in 2002, she chose to take German citizenship (国籍) to compete at global events for a higher income and better medical treatment. She took her Uzbek citizenship in 2013 again.
Her heartfelt feeling, “I dare not grow old until you are well,” has moved many. After her son’s recovery, Chusovitina continued her gymnastics journey simply out of love for the sport. Though she announced her retirement after the Tokyo Olympics in 2021, she decided to return shortly after. “The biggest power is my desire. I want to perform. I love gymnastics, and it brings me great joy. I’m just doing what I love, so why should I stop ” Chusovitina said.
1. What made Chusovitina a beautiful mother
A. Her attractive personality.
B. Her determination to save her son.
C. Her being a good example to her son.
D. Her ability to balance work and family.
2. What is the main reason for her return after her retirement
A. Her love for gymnastics.
B. Her strong desire to win.
C. Her joy of her son’s recovery.
D. Her eagerness for higher income.
3. What is the best title for the text
A. Deep Love for Gymnastics
B. A Great Athlete and Mother
C. Chusovitina’s Return to Gymnastics
D. A Touching Story of Mother and Son
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，介绍了体操届传奇人物“丘妈”，48岁依旧活跃在各大赛事中，展现出她个人对体操的热爱。文中也描述了她为了给儿子治病，通过改变国籍，拿取高额比赛奖金的伟大母爱。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““I’m touched by Chusovitina’s story. She tried to save her son and just never gave up. She is beautiful both as an athlete and as a mother,” said Zhang Anqi, a Hangzhou local who attended the event.(“我被丘索维金娜的故事感动了。她试图救她的儿子，从不放弃。无论是作为运动员还是作为母亲，她都很美。”参加此次活动的杭州市民张安琪说。)”可知，她拯救儿子的决心使丘索维金娜成为一位美丽的母亲。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“When Chusovitina’s son got a serious illness in 2002, she chose to take German citizenship (国籍) to compete at global events for a higher income and better medical treatment.(2002年，当丘索维金娜的儿子得了重病时，她选择加入德国国籍，参加国际赛事，以获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务)”可知，她对高收入的渴望是她退休后重返工作岗位的主要原因。故选D。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Every time Oksana Chusovitina competes in a gymnastics event, she catches the audience’s attention. The Hangzhou Asian Games proved no exception. When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast took part in the event on Monday, thousands of audiences cheered for “Qiu Ma”, which translates to “Mother Chusovitina”.(每次奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜参加体操比赛时，她都会吸引观众的注意力。杭州亚运会也不例外。当这位48岁的乌兹别克体操运动员参加周一的比赛时，成千上万的观众为“丘索维金娜妈妈”欢呼)”可知，文章主要介绍了介绍了体操届传奇人物“丘妈”对体操的热爱以及她为了给儿子治病伟大母爱。B项：A Great Athlete and Mother(伟大的运动员和母亲)概括文章主旨。故选B。
B
A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff (悬崖) near my husband’s hometown, Carbondale, Colo. I was tied in, ready to climb.
Just as I was about to climb, nerves in my body said hello. That’s not good for any athlete.
Desperate, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt.
“You can do this,” I told myself determinedly. “If you believe, success is certain.”
I visualized myself at the top, celebrating.
It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered to the ground and realized, powerfully, that the desire to climb the route had kept me from doing it. My self worth was linked at that moment to my success or failure, and that set off a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, expectation, a mind fixed on the top but a body struggling below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, disappointment. All in that order, too.
Suddenly, out of nowhere, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. Case closed.
It worked. I reached the top.
That moment got me thinking, and then researching. At some point, I described this experience for myself in terms of simple mathematics: When I added (determination, courage, self-confidence, desire), I failed. When I took away (the desire for success), my body moved with greater naturalness. I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was possible.
I discovered the power of subtraction (减法).
The French author Antoine de Saint-Exupéry wrote one of my favorite books Wind, Sand and Stars. In it, I found one of the smartest lines ever written on the human condition: “Perfection is achieved not when there is nothing more to add but when there is nothing left to take away.”
4. What happened to the author at her first attempt to climb the cliff
A. She got nervous. B. She quit out of fear.
C. She made it to the top. D. She was full of confidence.
5. What does the underlined word “irrelevant” in paragraph 7 mean
A. Not important. B. Not certain. C. Not final. D. Not optional.
6. What did the author learn from her experience
A. Never stop trying. B. Always stick to your goal.
C Don’t care about the results. D. Be confident no matter what happens.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在家乡附近的一处悬崖下准备攀岩，尝试第一次攀登—条路线。她在攀登之前感到紧张，但最终通过减少对成功的渴望，获得了自我控制和清晰度。她认识到，成功或失败并不重要，只需一步一步地前进。通过这次经历，她发现了减法的力量，即去除对成功的渴望，可以提高表现并享受过程。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中“Just as I was about to climb, nerves in my body said hello. (就在我要攀爬的时候，我身体里的神经紧张开始打招呼)”和第三段“Desperate, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt. (绝望之下，我在内心怀疑的强壁上涂上了一层自信的外衣)”可知，作者第一次尝试攀登悬崖时不自信，感到紧张。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。由第七段中“Suddenly, out of nowhere, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. (突然，我告诉自己，在我的下一次尝试中，成功或失败irrelevant。“一步一个脚印。仅此而已。”无论发生什么，我都给了自己一个机会)”可知，在下一次攀爬中，无论发生什么，作者都给自己机会，只关注一步一个脚印，说明成功或失败于作者而言并不重要，划线词irrelevant意为“不重要的（Not important）”。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第七段中“Suddenly, out of nowhere, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. (突然，我告诉自己，在我的下一次尝试中，成功或失败无关紧要)”，第八段“It worked. I reached the top. (它奏效了。我到达了顶峰)”，倒数第三段中“At some point, I described this experience for myself in terms of simple mathematics: When I added (determination, courage, self-confidence, desire), I failed. When I took away (the desire for success), my body moved with greater naturalness. I improved. (在某个时刻，我用简单的数学描述了自己的经历：当我加上（决心、勇气、自信、欲望）时，我失败了。当我消除（对成功的渴望）时，我的身体运动得更自然了。我进步了)”和倒数第二段中“I discovered the power of subtraction (减法).我发现了减法的力量(我发现了减法的力量)”可知，作者最后不在乎结果（成功或失败），发现减法的力量，消除对成功的渴望，作者成功登顶，说明“不要在意结果”有时让人表现更好。故选C项。
C
People tend to cut corners and allow trusted workmates to do their work when working as a team. Now researchers have found that the same thing happens when humans work with robots.
Dietlind Cymek at the Technical University of Berlin in Germany and her colleagues designed an experiment to test whether humans would put in less effort when they think that their personal contribution to a task won’t be noticed.
In the experiment, the researchers asked a group of 42 people to examine images of circuit boards (电路板) for errors using a computer that tracked their work. Half of them looked at boards that had already been checked by a robot, and half were told that they were the only ones responsible for quality control.
People working in partnership with the robot caught fewer errors, after they had already seen that the robot had successfully flagged lots of errors.
The researchers say such teamwork could lead to a drop in motivation if individual effort isn’t visible and warn that there could be safety risks if teams of people and robots work on safety-related tasks in the same way.
Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, says it is fine to use robots as long as they are effective, but that they should be considered tools rather than workmates or team members. “It just strikes me that workers think when a tool can do something, they let it,” says Richardson.
This is probably down to poor management style, in which individual work isn’t recognised. “I bet you if there was an motivation behind it, and if the humans could get extra pay for spotting errors in the circuit boards, then they’d put a bit more effort into it,” she adds.
7. What is the experiment mainly about
A. Workplace safety. B. Management style.
C. Industrial innovation. D. Working productivity.
8. What do we know about the people working with robots in the experiment
A. They preferred to work individually.
B. They paid less attention to their work.
C. They were not appreciative of robots’ effort.
D. They worried about being replaced by robots.
9. What is Richardson’s attitude towards human-robot cooperation
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
10. What does Richardson suggest the management do
A. Correct errors. B. Increase work time.
C. Reward hard work. D. Encourage teamwork.
【答案】7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，当人类与机器人一起工作时，同样的事情也会发生。当人们对一项任务的个人贡献不会被注意到时，他们就会减少努力，这可能要归咎于糟糕的管理风格，因为个人的工作没有得到认可。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“People tend to cut corners and allow trusted workmates to do their work when working as a team. Now researchers have found that the same thing happens when humans work with robots.(在团队合作中，人们倾向于走捷径，让值得信赖的同事来完成他们的工作。现在，研究人员发现，当人类与机器人一起工作时，同样的事情也会发生)”以及文章的最后一段“This is probably down to poor management style, in which individual work isn’t recognised.(这可能要归咎于糟糕的管理风格，个人的工作没有得到认可。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是人们对一项任务的个人贡献不会被注意到时，他们就会减少努力，因为个人的工作没有得到认可，这可能要归咎于糟糕的管理风格。B项： Management style(管理风格)合乎题意。故选B。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“People working in partnership with the robot caught fewer errors, after they had already seen that the robot had successfully flagged lots of errors.(与机器人合作的人发现的错误更少，因为他们已经看到机器人成功地标记了许多错误)”可知，在实验中与机器人一起工作的人对他们的工作不太注意。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, says it is fine to use robots as long as they are effective(英国莱斯特德蒙福特大学的凯瑟琳·理查森说，只要机器人是有效的，就可以使用它们)”可知，Richardson对人机合作的态度是赞成的。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This is probably down to poor management style, in which individual work isn’t recognised. “I bet you if there was an motivation behind it, and if the humans could get extra pay for spotting errors in the circuit boards, then they’d put a bit more effort into it,” she adds.(这可能要归咎于糟糕的管理风格，个人的工作没有得到认可。她补充说:“我敢打赌，如果这背后有激励，如果人类发现电路板上的错误可以得到额外的报酬，那么他们就会在这方面付出更多的努力。)”可知，Richardson建议管理层奖励努力工作的员工。故选C。
第二节 选句填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying and passing your classes can be difficult, and finding effective ways to study may seem impossible. ___11___. If you are looking for a way to improve your studying, try integrating daily exercise into your routine.
● Choose an aerobic (有氧的) exercise
There are so many activities you can do for aerobic exercise. You can swim, jump rope, or hike with a heavy backpack. ___12___. Any aerobic activity should be performed for at least 10 minutes at a time to gain brain-boosting benefits.
● ___13___
Sit down and list all your commitments, activities, and study hours. Don’t forget to list sleep times, meal times, and time for other things, like showering. Look for places where you can put in exercise. Or you can break up exercises into smaller parts, such as three 10-minute fast walks.
● Focus on consistency (连续性)
Consistent daily workouts are more effective than trying to get 150 minutes of physical activity in on the weekend. ___14___. In that case, the consistent physical activity will boost your brain during the week, closer to when you study.
● Make the exercise an enjoyable experience
___15___. Therefore, try not to make the physical activity a stressful part of your day. You can listen to music while exercising. Numerous studies have linked music to stress relief and the reduction of anxiety. Or you can exercise with a friend. This can do two things at once: get physical activity into your day while letting you socialize.
A. Make time for your workout.
B. Determine an appropriate amount of exercise.
C. Exercise is great for relieving stress and reducing anxiety.
D. Doing some exercise may be more effective than hitting the coffee shop.
E. Stick to spending half an hour exercising after school throughout the week.
F. You can also play doubles tennis, go ballroom dancing, or do general gardening.
G. Luckily, studies have found strong links between exercise and study effectiveness.
【答案】11. G 12. F 13. A 14. E 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了把日常锻炼融入自己的日常生活中，有助于改善学习。
【11题详解】
G选项“幸运的是，研究发现运动和学习效果之间有着密切的联系。”和上文“Studying and passing your classes can be difficult, and finding effective ways to study may seem impossible. (学习和通过课程可能很困难，找到有效的学习方法似乎是不可能的)”形成转折关系，表明找到有效的学习方法虽难，但运动有助于改善学习，引出下文讲如何通过把运动融入自己的日常生活中来改善学习的方法。故选G项。
【12题详解】
F选项“你也可以打双打网球，跳交际舞，或者做一般的园艺。”承接上文“You can swim, jump rope, or hike with a heavy backpack. (你可以游泳、跳绳或背着沉重的背包徒步旅行)”进一步举例说明可以做哪些有氧运动。故选F项。
【13题详解】
该空选择小标题，需总结下文。由下文“Sit down and list all your commitments, activities, and study hours. Don’t forget to list sleep times, meal times, and time for other things, like showering. Look for places where you can put in exercise. Or you can break up exercises into smaller parts, such as three 10-minute fast walks. (坐下来，列出你所有的承诺、活动和学习时间。别忘了列出睡眠时间、用餐时间和其他事情的时间，比如洗澡。在时间表上寻找可以锻炼身体的地方。或者你可以把锻炼分成更小的部分，比如三次10分钟的快速步行)”可知，下文在讲要为锻炼腾出时间，A选项“腾出时间进行锻炼。”切合语境。故选A项。
【14题详解】
由小标题“Focus on consistency (连续性) (注重连续性)”可知，作者建议要注重锻炼的连续性，E选项“坚持一周放学后花半个小时锻炼身体。”切合语境，选项中“throughout the week”呼应下文“In that case, the consistent physical activity will boost your brain during the week, closer to when you study. (在这种情况下，持续的体育活动会在一周内增强你的大脑，更接近你学习的时候)”中的“during the week”。故选E项。
【15题详解】
C选项“锻炼对缓解压力和减少焦虑非常有益。”引起下文“Numerous studies have linked music to stress relief and the reduction of anxiety. (许多研究将音乐与缓解压力和减少焦虑联系起来)”，介绍锻炼对缓解压力和减少焦虑的积极作用。故选C项。
第三节 课内阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（一）阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）
阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
16. Where did the idea of “white bikes” come from In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use. Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for short journeys. People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared — thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks!
Why did the group come up with the idea of “white bikes”
A. To ensure traffic safety. B. To reduce transport costs.
C. To encourage physical activity. D. To promote green transport.
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】细节理解题。根据文章“They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.(他们希望这将有助于节约能源，减少污染，并提供免费的公共交通)”可知，节约能源，减少污染和提供免费的公共交通是为了推广绿色交通来保护环境。故选D。
B
17. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study of 15-year-old school pupils’ scholastic performance in maths, science, and reading. A closer look at the reading tests shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that reading for enjoyment rather than simply for study or school work purposes has a positive impact on reading performance. The PISA study found that in all countries assessed (apart from South Korea), girls read for enjoyment more than boys. The study found that in all the countries assessed, just over half of boys (52%), but almost three-quarters of girls (73%) said that they read for enjoyment.
What does the PISA study imply
A. Reading for study purposes helps with learning.
B. Reading for pleasure affects overall academic success.
C. Reading for pleasure contributes to improving reading skills.
D. Reading for study purposes does no good to reading performance.
【答案】C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项国际学生评估项目(PISA)的研究发现关于男孩和女孩在阅读习惯以及阅读内容上的差异。
【详解】推理判断题。根据“A closer look at the reading tests shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that reading for enjoyment rather than simply for study or school work purposes has a positive impact on reading performance. The PISA study found that in all countries assessed (apart from South Korea), girls read for enjoyment more than boys. The study found that in all the countries assessed, just over half of boys (52%), but almost three-quarters of girls (73%) said that they read for enjoyment.（仔细观察阅读测试就会发现一个有趣的事实，即女孩在阅读方面的表现优于男孩，而且为了享受而阅读，而不仅仅是为了学习或作业，对阅读表现有积极的影响。）”故选C。
C
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22,514 digits of pi (π) and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter. They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time. As most of us do not have amazing memories like them, when memorising detailed learning materials, we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn. Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation. Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known.
18. What does the example of Daniel Tammet show
A. Photographic memories do exist.
B. Some people have super memories.
C. Everyone is good at memorising something.
D. Numbers are easier to remember than words.
19. What helps us integrate old information with new one
A. Raising questions. B. Discussing in groups.
C. Classifying information. D. Applying what’s known.
【答案】18. B 19. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。没有人能证明有人真的拥有过目不忘的记忆力。然而，有些人确实有惊人的记忆力，对我们所学的内容提出问题也有助于记忆。另一种有效的记忆技巧是将相似的想法或信息放在一起，这样就可以很容易地将它们与已知的事物联系起来。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二行“Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22,514 digits of pi (π) and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter.( 然而，有些人确实有惊人的记忆力。例如，Daniel Tammet可以记住圆周率(π)的前22,514位数字)”可知，丹尼尔·塔米特的例子表明有些人有超强的记忆力。故选B。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一句“Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known.(另一种有效的记忆技巧是将相似的想法或信息放在一起，这样就可以很容易地将它们与已知的事物联系起来。)”可知，对信息进行分类有助于我们整合新旧信息。故选C。
（二）阅读下面文段，回答第20题（满分2分）
20. Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is striving for greatness.
上述是从选择性必修一Unit 2 Lesson 3摘录的一段话，你是否同意作者的观点？请用约20个英文单词阐述你的理由，直接抄袭上述文段内容不得分。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I agree. Those who are pursuing greatness are different from athletes because they’re more strong-willed and persistent, and never give up.
【解析】
【详解】考查开放答题。句意：作为运动员，我们所做的事情让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意多做一点点，这可能会让我们登顶。这当然不是一种平衡的生活方式，当然也不正常，但这些话通常不适用于任何追求伟大的人。考生可根据自己对本句话的理解，同意或反对作者的观点，发表见解。例如：同意作者的观点，那些追求伟大的人与运动员不同，因为他们意志更坚强，更坚持不懈，永不放弃。故答案为：I agree. Those who are pursuing greatness are different from athletes because they’re more strong-willed and persistent, and never give up.
第四节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I arrived in Idaho from California on my 28th birthday for my first Ironman triathlon (铁人三项), dreaming of this moment for years. When I was picking up my race ___21___ in the registration (登记) tent, Deborah Silva, a ___22___ volunteer, was quick to start a ___23___, asking if I had family to cheer me on. “No, came here ___24___,” I replied, and admitted my ___25___ in running and swimming. We talked a while, and I thought she was a wonderful volunteer.
The next day, on my way to the swimming pool, I heard, “Felix!” It was Deborah. It was such a surprise that she ___26___ me and said she would support me during tomorrow’s race, showing me a big handmade sign: “Go #176” — my race number.
On race day, Deborah and her family were at Mile 50 of the bicycle race, holding the ___27___ and cheering me on. It really lifted my spirits, ___28___ as I was one of the last athletes to complete the swim and was now dealing with 90-degree heat on the bike.
As if her being out there all afternoon wasn’t ___29___, after darkness had fallen and I was just finishing the race, there she was! “You did it!” she said. It was almost 15 hours since the race had begun. Yet she waited at the finish line to ___30___ me, give me a hug, and take photos so I’d never forget this day — the day I ___31___ the dream of doing my first Ironman.
Deborah made a complete ___32___ from a distant place feel welcome and she made this day memorable by going far beyond her ___33___ as a race volunteer, offering ___34___ to a young Californian. And sure enough, weeks later, I received my ___35___ in the mail.
21. A. partner B. coach C. number D. bike
22. A. shy B. friendly C. familiar D. humorous
23. A. discussion B. conversation C. project D. survey
24. A. late B. again C. alone D. straight
25. A. abilities B. mistakes C. wrongdoings D. weaknesses
26. A. recognized B. phoned C. convinced D. reminded
27. A. photo B. cap C. flag D. sign
28. A. obviously B. especially C. probably D. simply
29. A. enough B. expected C. important D. true
30. A. treat B. identify C. congratulate D. comfort
31. A. created B. started C. realized D. recalled
32. A. stranger B. youngster C. athlete D. mother
33. A. promises B. powers C. wishes D. duties
34. A. money B. encouragement C. praise D. protection
35. A. invitation B. gifts C. payment D. pictures
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者独自一人来到加利福尼亚参加铁人三项，以此来实现自己的梦想，一名叫做Deborah Silva的志愿者在得知作者是一个人来参加比赛后，自制了加油标牌给作者打气，作者很受振奋，完成了自己的铁人三项梦想。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在登记帐篷里拿起我的比赛号码时，Deborah Silva，一个友好的志愿者，很快开始了一段对话，问我是否有家人为我加油。A. partner伙伴；B. coach教练；C. number数字；D. bike自行车。由下文“in the registration (登记) tent”可知，在登记处应该是取比赛号码，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在登记帐篷里拿起我的比赛号码时，Deborah Silva，一个友好的志愿者，很快开始了一段对话，问我是否有家人为我加油。A. shy害羞的；B. friendly友好的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. humorous幽默的。由下文“asking if I had family to cheer me on.”和“she was a wonderful volunteer.”可知，这位志愿者问我是否有家人为我加油，这说明她很友好，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在登记帐篷里拿起我的比赛号码时，Deborah Silva，一个友好的志愿者，很快开始了一段对话，问我是否有家人为我加油。A. discussion讨论；B. conversation交谈；C. project项目；D. survey调查。由下文“asking if I had family to cheer me on.”和“We talked a while”可知，这名志愿者问我是否有家人为我加油，这说明她开始和我谈话，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“没有，我一个人来的。”我回答说，并承认我在跑步和游泳方面的弱点。A. late迟；B. again再一次；C. alone独自；D. straight径直地。上文提到志愿者Deborah Silva问我是否有家人来给我加油，我回答“没有”，这说明我是一个人来的，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没有，我一个人来的。”我回答说，并承认我在跑步和游泳方面的弱点。A. abilities能力；B. mistakes错误；C. wrongdoings坏事；D. weaknesses缺点，弱点。由下文“I was one of the last athletes to complete the swim”可知，我在游泳和跑步方面不太擅长，有弱点，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，她认出了我，并说她会在明天的比赛中支持我，还给我看了一个手工制作的大牌子:“ Go # 176”——我的比赛号码。A. recognized认出；B. phoned打电话；C. convinced使确信；D. reminded提醒。上文“The next day, on my way to the swimming pool, I heard, “Felix!” It was Deborah.”提到Deborah和我打招呼，这说明Deborah认出了我，我和Deborah仅见过一面，她认出了我，所以我很惊讶，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛当天，黛博拉和她的家人在50英里的自行车比赛，举着标牌给我加油。A. photo照片；B. cap帽子；C. flag旗帜；D. sign指示牌，标牌。由上文“she would support me during tomorrow’s race, showing me a big handmade sign: “Go #176” — my race number.”可知，Deborah给我制作了一个标牌，给我加油，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这真的让我精神振奋，特别是我是最后一批完成游泳的运动员之一，现在正在自行车上应付90度的高温。A. obviously显然地；B. especially尤其；C. probably可能；D. simply仅仅。由下文“as I was one of the last athletes to complete the swim and was now dealing with 90-degree heat on the bike.”可知，Deborah给我加油打气，这让我很振奋，尤其是对于我这种最后一批完成游泳的运动员来说，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好像她整个下午都在外面还不够，夜幕降临后，我刚刚完成比赛，她就在那里！A. enough足够的；B. expected期待的；C. important重要的；D. true真实的。由下文“after darkness had fallen and I was just finishing the race, there she was!”可知，夜幕降临了，我刚刚完成比赛，她就在那里，这说明她不只是一整个下午都在外面，所以此处说她整个下午都在外面这是远远不够的，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她在终点线等待着祝贺我，给我一个拥抱，并拍下照片，以至于我永远不会忘记这一天——这一天我实现了我第一次参加铁人三项的梦想。A. treat对待；B. identify认；C. congratulate祝贺；D. comfort安慰。由下文“give me a hug, and take photos so I’d never forget this day”可知，Deborah在终点线等着祝贺我，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她在终点线等待着祝贺我，给我一个拥抱，并拍下照片，以至于我永远不会忘记这一天——这一天我实现了我第一次参加铁人三项的梦想。A. created创作；B. started开始；C. realized意识到，实现；D. recalled回想。由上文“she waited at the finish line to________me, give me a hug, and take photo”和下文“the dream of doing my first Ironman.”可知，我实现了参加铁人三项的梦想，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Deborah让一个来自遥远地方的陌生人感到受到了欢迎，她让这一天变得值得纪念，她远远超越了自己作为一个比赛志愿者的职责，给一个年轻的加利福尼亚人以鼓励。A. stranger陌生人；B. youngster年轻人；C. athlete运动员；D. mother母亲。由下文“from a distant place”和第一段中“I arrived in Idaho from California on my 28th birthday for my first Ironman triathlon (铁人三项), dreaming of this moment for years.”可知，我来到加利福尼亚参加铁人三项，由此可知，我是一个来自遥远地方的陌生人，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Deborah让一个来自遥远地方的陌生人感到受到了欢迎，她让这一天变得值得纪念，她远远超越了自己作为一个比赛志愿者的职责，给一个年轻的加利福尼亚人以鼓励。A. promises承诺；B. powers（全部）体力，智力；C. wishes希望；D. duties责任。由下文“as a race volunteer”和上文描述的Deborah为我制作了一个标牌给我加油打气可知，她所做的这一切已经远远超越了作为一名志愿者的责任，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Deborah让一个来自遥远地方的陌生人感到受到了欢迎，她让这一天变得值得纪念，她远远超越了自己作为一个比赛志愿者的职责，给一个年轻的加利福尼亚人以鼓励。A. money钱；B. encouragement鼓励；C. praise赞美；D. protection保护。上文提到Deborah为我制作了一个标牌给我加油打气，让我精神振奋，可知她给了我鼓励，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：果然，几周后，我收到了邮件里的照片。A. invitation邀请；B. gifts礼物；C. payment支付；D. pictures照片。上文“take photos”提到Deborah在终点给我拍照纪念可知，几周后她把照片发给了我，故选D。
第五节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a wooden fan workshop in Jiangxi Province, Yu Xiuying is busier than usual. As she paints, bright flowers ___36___ (bring) to life across the fan. “Now I decorate at least 120 fans a day,” said the artist, “With the market ___37___ (recover), orders have increased.”
The fans Yu painted in Ganzhu Township will be sold to Spain. The small town has an increasing handmade fan industry, with ___38___ annual output of over 70 million fans.
The town’s fan industry ___39___ (date) back to the early 1980s. When working in Suzhou City in Jiangsu, Yu noticed that from streets to sidewalks, from parks to scenic ___40___ (spot), locals always carried a wooden fan ___41___ them. Yu and her partners acted; they visited a local factory ___42___ (learn) to process fans. In 1984, they returned to open businesses. “We took equipment back to Ganzhu Township ___43___ raised nearly 20,000 yuan to set up a processing plant,” said Yu. As the plan took off, more specialists were trained and the products won ___44___ (popular) in cities including Suzhou, Beijing, and Guangzhou. In 2003, Yu and others set up a company, of ___45___ the annual output value at its peak was up to 30 million yuan.
【答案】36. are brought
37. recovering
38. an 39. dates
40. spots 41. with
42. to learn
43. and 44. popularity
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了木扇制作者—于秀英。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当她作画时，扇面上鲜艳花朵被赋予了生命。设空处为句子的谓语，和句子的主语为被动关系；根据从句的谓语动词paints，可知句子的时态为一般现在时，设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为bright flowers，结合主谓一致。故填are brought。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着市场的复苏，订单有所增加。分析句子的结构可知，设空处为“with+宾语+宾补”的结构，设空处和the market之间是逻辑的主谓关系，应用动词的现在分词的形式。故填recovering。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这个小镇的手工木扇产业正在蓬勃发展，年产木扇超过7000万件。设空处后的output为可数名词单数，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且annual 为元音音素开头的形容词，应用an。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：该镇的木扇产业可以追溯到20世纪80年代初。设空处为句子的谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数名词The town’s fan industry，结合主谓一致。故填dates。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在江苏苏州工作时，她注意到，从街道到人行道，从公园到景点，当地人总是随身携带一把木扇。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，空前无限定词修饰，设空处应用名词复数的形式。故填spots。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意见上题解析。carry sth with sb随身携带……。故填with。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她们参观了当地一家工厂，学习如何加工木扇。设空处应用不定式的形式作目的状语，故填to learn。
【43题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：他说：“我们把设备带回甘竹镇，并筹集了近2万元建立了一家加工厂。”设空处并列句子的谓语动词，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着该计划的实施，更多的专业人员接受了培训，产品在苏州、北京和广州等城市广受欢迎。设空处应用名词作介词的宾语，表示抽象概念,为不可数名词。故填popularity。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：2003年，余等人创办了一家公司，年产值最高时达到3000万元。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句，为“介词+which”的结构，先行词为company，故填which。
第三部分 知识基础（共三节，满分35分）
第一节 单句语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time __________ (think) about all the things they will do once they become rich. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】thinking
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：他们一半的时间都在梦想致富和取得预期成功的方法，其余的时间则在思考一旦致富后要做的所有事情。spend time (in) doing sth. (花时间做某事)，think用动名词形式作宾语。故填thinking。
47. That year, Lang Ping __________ (give) the Best Coach and the Sports Special Contribution awards at the CCTV Sports Personality Awards. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was given
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：同年，郎平获得了CCTV体育人物奖最佳教练奖和体育特别贡献奖。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语that year，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Lang Ping，结合主谓一致。故填was given。
48. This week, The Lions were playing our main competitors, The Bears, a team __________ record this season had been perfect. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：本周，狮子队正与我们的劲敌熊队对垒，熊队是一支本赛季战绩完美的队伍。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格后为限制性定语从句修饰前面的先行词team，指物，先行词和record构成所属关系team’s record，关系词替代先行词在从句中充当record的定语，应使用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
49. By middle age, our memory is significantly_________(bad) than when we were young. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】worse
【解析】
【详解】考查比较级。句意：到了中年，我们的记忆力明显比年轻时差。由than可知，空格处用比较级，bad的比较级是worse，故填worse。
50. Active learners do not judge people __________ (base) on first impressions or personal feelings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】based
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断别人。设空处为非谓语作后置定语，和其逻辑主语people之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词过去分词。故填based。
第二节 词义匹配（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
第一组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. help or encouragement B. to expect, believe, or guess C. to express or state indirectly D. not having enough of something E. the time when something happens F. to write music or make up something G. a small unit created to carry out business
51. occasion
52. imply
53. lack
54. support
pose
【答案】51. E 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. F
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查名词。occasion是名词，意为“场合，时刻”，E项“某事发生的时间”符合题意，故选E。
【52题详解】
考查动词。imply是动词，意为“暗示”，C项“间接地表达或陈述”符合题意，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词。lack可作动词，意为“缺乏”，D项“没有足够的某物”符合题意，故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词。support可作名词，意为“支持，帮助”，A项“帮助或鼓励”符合题意，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词。compose是动词，意为“创作（音乐），作曲；构成”，F项“写音乐或构成某物”符合题意，故选F。
第二组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. to fail to notice B. not going to happen C. with no people or things inside D. having or expressing strong emotions E. to gain something by your own efforts F. a polite expression for someone’s happiness G. a person who often goes to some event or place
56. passionate
57. regular
58. acquire
59. unlikely
60. ignore
【答案】56. D 57. G 58. E 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查形容词。形容词passionate (热情的)，D项having or expressing strong emotions (有或表达强烈情绪的)意思切合，故选D项。
【57题详解】
考查名词。名词regular (常客、老主顾)，G项a person who often goes to some event or place (经常去某个活动或地方的人)意思切合，故选G项。
【58题详解】
考查动词。动词acquire (获得)，E项to gain something by your own efforts (通过自己的努力有所收获)意思切合，故选E项。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。形容词unlikely (不大可能发生的)，B项not going to happen (不会发生)意思切合，故选B项。
【60题详解】
考查动词。动词ignore (忽视)，A项to fail to notice (没有注意到)意思切合，故选A项。
第三组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. once a year B. to found or set up C. to happen or exist D. not depend on others E. to give a loud, sharp cry F. a surface where pictures can be viewed G. to deal with something successfully or win it
61. annually
62. overcome
63. occur
64. scream
65. establish
【答案】61. A 62. G 63. C 64. E 65. B
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查副词。annually为副词，意为“每年地”。A选项once a year意为“一年一次”， 意思与annually相符。故选A。
【62题详解】
考查动词。overcome为动词意为“克服”，G选项to deal with something successfully or win it意为“成功地处理某事或赢得某事” 意思与其相符。故选G。
【63题详解】
考查动词。occur为动词，意为“发生”，C选项to happen or exist意为“发生或存在”意思与其相符。故选C。
【64题详解】
考查动词。scream为动词，意为“尖叫”；E选项to give a loud, sharp cry意为“发出一声响亮而尖锐的叫声”意思与其相符。故选E。
【65题详解】
考查动词。establish为动词，意为“建立”；B选项to found or set up意为“成立或建立”意思与其相符。故选B。
第三节 词汇运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Text 1
阅读下面文本，在空白处填入适当的单词（部分空有首字母或中文提示）。
Not only is Christopher Reeve known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also r___66___ as a superhero in real life. Although he believed he would only act on stage, he tried out for and was eventually given the lead ___67___(角色) in the Superman film. He soon gained a reputation for raising ___68___(意识) for good causes. With a new sense of energy and ___69___(投入、奉献), he engaged in a wide ___70___(范围) of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
【答案】66. regarded
67. role 68. awareness
mitment
70. range
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章简略介绍了超人扮演者——克里斯托弗·里夫——的所作所为。
【66题详解】
考查动词。句意：克里斯托弗·里夫不仅在超人电影中被称为超级英雄，而且在现实生活中他也被视为超级英雄。结合句意和首字母r，be regarded as (被称为)符合文意，用过去分词regarded。故填regarded。
【67题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管他相信自己只会在舞台上表演，但他还是尝试了，并最终在超人电影中担任主角。结合汉语“角色”提示，用名词role，the lead role (主角)。故填role。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意：他很快就因提高人们对公益事业的认识而名声大噪。结合汉语“意识”提示，用不可数名词awareness作宾语。故填awareness。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：他以一种新的力量和奉献感，进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著进展。结合汉语“投入、奉献”提示，用不可数名词commitment作宾语。故填commitment。
【70题详解】
考查名词。句意：他以一种新的力量和奉献感，进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著进展。结合汉语“范围”提示，用名词range，a wide range of (广泛的)。故填range。
Text 2
阅读下面文本，在空白处填入适当的单词（部分空有首字母或中文提示）。
During the polar summer of 1910—1911, both teams organized food bases in ___71___ for their adventurous journeys the next year. Then came the total ___72___ (黑暗) of the polar winter. Both Captain Scott and Amundsen waited ___73___ (焦急地) for spring.
Amundsen was the first to leave. He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because of this, he made rapid ___74___ (进展). Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious ___75___ (困难) with the snow and the cold. After a while, Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.
【答案】71. preparation 72. darkness
73. anxiously 74. progress
75. difficulties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在1910年至1911年的极地夏季，两支队伍都组织了食物基地，为他们的冒险之旅做准备。
【71题详解】
考查名词。句意：在1910年至1911年的极地夏季，两支队伍都组织了食物基地，为他们的冒险之旅做准备。由上文“both teams organized food bases in”可知，两支队伍组织食物基地，是为他们的冒险之旅做准备，in preparation for固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”，故填preparation。
【72题详解】
考查名词。句意：接着，极地的冬天变得一片漆黑。“黑暗”应用名词darkness，在完全倒装句中作主语，不可数，故填darkness。
【73题详解】
考查副词。句意：斯科特船长和阿蒙森都在焦急地等待春天的到来。“焦急地”为副词anxiously作状语，修饰动词waited，故填anxiously。
【74题详解】
考查名词。句意：正因为如此，他进步很快。“进展”为名词progress，作宾语，不可数，故填progress。
【75题详解】
考查名词。句意：首先，他的两个雪橇坏了，然后马匹开始在雪和寒冷中遇到严重的困难。“困难”为名词difficulty作宾语，为可数名词，前面无冠词，应用复数形式表示泛指，故填difficulties。
Text 3
阅读下面文本，在空白处填入适当的单词（部分空有首字母或中文提示）。
When I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a ___76___(学期) to find out something about my students. I told them to make something out of the Tinkertoys. A few students h___77___ to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own ___78___(想象力).
Once I had a boy whose work was very inventive I was happy at the presence of such a student. His presence ___79___(意味) that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose ___80___(创造力) would infect (感染) other students.
【答案】76. term
77. hesitated
78. imaginations
79. meant 80. creativity
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。
【76题详解】
考查名词。句意：当我在西雅图的一所学校教艺术时，我在学期初用Tinkertoys作为测试，来了解我的学生。结合汉语提示“学期”和不定冠词a，用单数名词term作宾语。故填term。
【77题详解】
考查动词。句意：一些学生犹豫要不要开始上课。结合句意和首字母提示h，hesitate (犹豫)作谓语动词，结合全文，事情已发生，用一般过去时。故填hesitated。
【78题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一组人根据自己的想象创造了一些东西。结合句意，名词imagination (想象力)，既可数又不可数，此处不止一个人的想象力，用其复数形式。故填imaginations。
【79题详解】
考查动词。句意：他的出现意味着我在课堂上有了一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。结合汉语提示“意味”，mean作谓语动词，结合全文，事情已发生，用一般过去时。故填meant。
【80题详解】
考查名词。句意：他的出现意味着我在课堂上有了一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。结合汉语提示“创造力”，用不可数名词creativity作限制性定语从句的主语。故填creativity。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
把下面句子翻译成英文。
81. 在她的带领下，球队重回巅峰，赢得了2015年世界杯冠军。（汉译英）
【答案】Under her leadership, the team came back to the top, winning the 2015 World Cup.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和现在分词。事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，under one’s leadership (在某人领导下)，the team (球队)，come back to the top (回到巅峰)，非谓语动词win (赢得)和逻辑主语the team是主动关系，win用现在分词形式作状语，the 2015 World Cup (2015年世界杯冠军)，故翻译为：Under her leadership, the team came back to the top, winning the 2015 World Cup.
82. 第一次走进我的班级时，他书包在身后拖着，一幅百无聊赖的样子。（汉译英）
【答案】The first time he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和动词时态。表示“第一次”应用the first time，引导时间状语从句，表示“他”应用he；表示“走进”应用walk into，此处描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“我的班级”应用my class；表示“他走进我的班级”应用he walked into my class；表示“拖着”应用drag；表示“他的书包”应用his schoolbag；表示“在身后”应用behind him；表示“看起来”应用look；表示“百无聊赖的”应用bored；主句表达的为他走入教室时的动作正在进行，应用过去进行时；表示“他书包在身后拖着，一幅百无聊赖的样子”应用he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored。故翻译成：The first time he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored.。
83. 她既严格又要求高是因为她希望我们成为更好的学习者。（汉译英）
【答案】She is strict and demanding because she wants us to be better learners.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和形容词。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“严格”为形容词strict，“要求高的”为形容词demanding，和strict是并列关系，应用and连接起来，作表语，“因为”为连词because，引导原因状语从句，“希望某人做某事”为短语want sb. to do sth.，“成为更好的学习者”为be better learners，故整句翻译为She is strict and demanding because she wants us to be better learners.
84. 尽管面临种种困难，任正非仍致力于关键技术的创新。(汉译英)
【答案】Despite all the difficulties, Ren Zhengfei remains committed to innovation in key technologies.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“尽管面临种种困难”可用介词despite+名词短语为all the difficulties表达；主语为Ren Zhengfei；表示“仍致力于”翻译为remain committed to，remain是系动词，形容词committed作表语；表示“关键技术的创新”翻译为innovation in key technologies。句子陈述现在的情况，应为一般现在时。故翻译为Despite all the difficulties, Ren Zhengfei remains committed to innovation in key technologies.
85. 有些人整个晚餐都在给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了坐在他们面前的人。（汉译英）
【答案】Some people spend the entire dinner texting their online friends while they ignore the person sitting in front of them.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态，非谓语动词和并列句。分析句子的结构可知，此句为并列句，表示“有些人”为some people为句子的主语，花费时间做某事为“sb spend time doing sth”叙述客观事实，为一般现在时，故表示“有些人整个晚餐都在给网上的朋友发短信”为some people spend the entire dinner texting their online friends；表示“却”为并列连词while，表示“忽略”为句子的谓语ignore，表示“坐在他们面前的人”为the person sitting in front of them，其中sitting in front of them为动词的现在分词和介词短语作定语修饰the person。故翻译为Some people spend the entire dinner texting their online friends while they ignore the person sitting in front of them.
第二节 写作（满分15分）
86. 假定你是李华，你校将开展每天锻炼一小时的活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 活动意义；
2. 具体安排。
注意：
1 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
How’s everything going I’m writing to invite you to join in our school’s fitness program, One-hour Workout Every Day.
I know you’re really into sports, and the workout is just perfect for you. It’s a good chance to build up your body and sweat away your stress.
The workout is scheduled on every weekday from 5 pm to 6 pm. We will first gather at the school field for a 10-minute warmup. After that, you can choose either to exercise indoors or outdoors. Sports like swimming, basketball and badminton are all available in our indoor stadium. If you prefer to exercise in the open air, you can run laps or play football to burn your calories. I’m looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校将开展每天锻炼一小时的活动，要求考生李华给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：join in → take part in
对……感兴趣：be into → be interested in
机会：chance → opportunity
聚集：gather → assemble
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to invite you to join in our school’s fitness program, One-hour Workout Every Day.
拓展句：I’m writing to invite you to join in our school’s fitness program, which is One-hour Workout Every Day.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I know you’re really into sports, and the workout is just perfect for you. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】If you prefer to exercise in the open air, you can run laps or play football to burn your calories. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)南海区2025届高二级“升基工程”学业水平监测
英语试卷
笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听说考试（独立安排，满分20分）
第二部分 综合运用（共五节，满分65分）
第一节 课外阅读（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every time Oksana Chusovitina competes in a gymnastics event, she catches the audience’s attention. The Hangzhou Asian Games proved no exception. When the 48-year-old Uzbek gymnast took part in the event on Monday, thousands of audiences cheered for “Qiu Ma”, which translates to “Mother Chusovitina”.
“I’m touched by Chusovitina’s story. She tried to save her son and just never gave up. She is beautiful both as an athlete and as a mother,” said Zhang Anqi, a Hangzhou local who attended the event.
After completing her competition, Chusovitina blew a kiss to the audience and formed a “heart” shape with her hands. “It is the love and support of the people that keep me going and give me the strength to achieve more,” Chusovitina said. “I am not very satisfied with my performance tonight. Actually, I was a little over-excited. I will increase the difficulty in the final,” she added.
Chusovitina has a storied history at the Asian Games, having won eight medals, including two golds in 2002. Her Olympic journey began in 1992, representing the former Soviet Union. She later stood for Uzbekistan. When Chusovitina’s son got a serious illness in 2002, she chose to take German citizenship (国籍) to compete at global events for a higher income and better medical treatment. She took her Uzbek citizenship in 2013 again.
Her heartfelt feeling, “I dare not grow old until you are well,” has moved many. After her son’s recovery, Chusovitina continued her gymnastics journey simply out of love for the sport. Though she announced her retirement after the Tokyo Olympics in 2021, she decided to return shortly after. “The biggest power is my desire. I want to perform. I love gymnastics, and it brings me great joy. I’m just doing what I love, so why should I stop ” Chusovitina said.
1. What made Chusovitina a beautiful mother
A. Her attractive personality.
B. Her determination to save her son.
C. Her being a good example to her son.
D. Her ability to balance work and family.
2. What is the main reason for her return after her retirement
A. Her love for gymnastics.
B. Her strong desire to win.
C. Her joy of her son’s recovery.
D. Her eagerness for higher income.
3. What is the best title for the text
A. Deep Love for Gymnastics
B. A Great Athlete and Mother
C. Chusovitina’s Return to Gymnastics
D. A Touching Story of Mother and Son
B
A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff (悬崖) near my husband’s hometown, Carbondale, Colo. I was tied in, ready to climb.
Just as I was about to climb, nerves in my body said hello. That’s not good for any athlete.
Desperate, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt.
“You can do this,” I told myself determinedly. “If you believe, success is certain.”
I visualized myself at the top, celebrating.
It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered to the ground and realized, powerfully, that the desire to climb the route had kept me from doing it. My self worth was linked at that moment to my success or failure, and that set off a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, expectation, a mind fixed on the top but a body struggling below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, disappointment. All in that order, too.
Suddenly, out of nowhere, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. Case closed.
It worked. I reached the top.
That moment got me thinking, and then researching. At some point, I described this experience for myself in terms of simple mathematics: When I added (determination, courage, self-confidence, desire), I failed. When I took away (the desire for success), my body moved with greater naturalness. I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was possible.
I discovered the power of subtraction (减法).
The French author Antoine de Saint-Exupéry wrote one of my favorite books Wind, Sand and Stars. In it, I found one of the smartest lines ever written on the human condition: “Perfection is achieved not when there is nothing more to add but when there is nothing left to take away.”
4. What happened to the author at her first attempt to climb the cliff
A. She got nervous. B. She quit out of fear.
C. She made it to the top. D. She was full of confidence.
5. What does the underlined word “irrelevant” in paragraph 7 mean
A. Not important. B. Not certain. C. Not final. D. Not optional.
6. What did the author learn from her experience
A. Never stop trying. B. Always stick to your goal.
C. Don’t care about the results. D. Be confident no matter what happens.
C
People tend to cut corners and allow trusted workmates to do their work when working as a team. Now researchers have found that the same thing happens when humans work with robots.
Dietlind Cymek at the Technical University of Berlin in Germany and her colleagues designed an experiment to test whether humans would put in less effort when they think that their personal contribution to a task won’t be noticed.
In the experiment, the researchers asked a group of 42 people to examine images of circuit boards (电路板) for errors using a computer that tracked their work. Half of them looked at boards that had already been checked by a robot, and half were told that they were the only ones responsible for quality control.
People working in partnership with the robot caught fewer errors, after they had already seen that the robot had successfully flagged lots of errors.
The researchers say such teamwork could lead to a drop in motivation if individual effort isn’t visible and warn that there could be safety risks if teams of people and robots work on safety-related tasks in the same way.
Kathleen Richardson at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, says it is fine to use robots as long as they are effective, but that they should be considered tools rather than workmates or team members. “It just strikes me that workers think when a tool can do something, they let it,” says Richardson.
This is probably down to poor management style, in which individual work isn’t recognised. “I bet you if there was an motivation behind it, and if the humans could get extra pay for spotting errors in the circuit boards, then they’d put a bit more effort into it,” she adds.
7. What is the experiment mainly about
A. Workplace safety. B. Management style.
C. Industrial innovation. D. Working productivity.
8. What do we know about the people working with robots in the experiment
A. They preferred to work individually.
B. They paid less attention to their work.
C. They were not appreciative of robots’ effort.
D They worried about being replaced by robots.
9. What is Richardson’s attitude towards human-robot cooperation
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Uninterested. D. Doubtful.
10. What does Richardson suggest the management do
A. Correct errors. B. Increase work time.
C. Reward hard work. D. Encourage teamwork.
第二节 选句填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying and passing your classes can be difficult, and finding effective ways to study may seem impossible. ___11___. If you are looking for a way to improve your studying, try integrating daily exercise into your routine.
● Choose an aerobic (有氧的) exercise
There are so many activities you can do for aerobic exercise. You can swim, jump rope, or hike with a heavy backpack. ___12___. Any aerobic activity should be performed for at least 10 minutes at a time to gain brain-boosting benefits.
● ___13___
Sit down and list all your commitments, activities, and study hours. Don’t forget to list sleep times, meal times, and time for other things, like showering. Look for places where you can put in exercise. Or you can break up exercises into smaller parts, such as three 10-minute fast walks.
● Focus on consistency (连续性)
Consistent daily workouts are more effective than trying to get 150 minutes of physical activity in on the weekend. ___14___. In that case, the consistent physical activity will boost your brain during the week, closer to when you study.
● Make the exercise an enjoyable experience
___15___. Therefore, try not to make the physical activity a stressful part of your day. You can listen to music while exercising. Numerous studies have linked music to stress relief and the reduction of anxiety. Or you can exercise with a friend. This can do two things at once: get physical activity into your day while letting you socialize.
A. Make time for your workout.
B. Determine an appropriate amount of exercise.
C. Exercise is great for relieving stress and reducing anxiety.
D Doing some exercise may be more effective than hitting the coffee shop.
E. Stick to spending half an hour exercising after school throughout the week.
F. You can also play doubles tennis, go ballroom dancing, or do general gardening.
G. Luckily, studies have found strong links between exercise and study effectiveness.
第三节 课内阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（一）阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）
阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
16. Where did the idea of “white bikes” come from In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use. Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for short journeys. People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared — thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks!
Why did the group come up with the idea of “white bikes”
A. To ensure traffic safety. B. To reduce transport costs.
C. To encourage physical activity. D. To promote green transport.
B
17. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study of 15-year-old school pupils’ scholastic performance in maths, science, and reading. A closer look at the reading tests shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that reading for enjoyment rather than simply for study or school work purposes has a positive impact on reading performance. The PISA study found that in all countries assessed (apart from South Korea), girls read for enjoyment more than boys. The study found that in all the countries assessed, just over half of boys (52%), but almost three-quarters of girls (73%) said that they read for enjoyment.
What does the PISA study imply
A. Reading for study purposes helps with learning.
B. Reading for pleasure affects overall academic success.
C. Reading for pleasure contributes to improving reading skills.
D. Reading for study purposes does no good to reading performance.
C
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22,514 digits of pi (π) and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter. They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time. As most of us do not have amazing memories like them, when memorising detailed learning materials, we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn. Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation. Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known.
18. What does the example of Daniel Tammet show
A. Photographic memories do exist.
B. Some people have super memories.
C. Everyone is good at memorising something.
D. Numbers are easier to remember than words.
19. What helps us integrate old information with new one
A. Raising questions. B. Discussing in groups.
C. Classifying information. D. Applying what’s known.
（二）阅读下面文段，回答第20题（满分2分）
20. Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is striving for greatness.
上述是从选择性必修一Unit 2 Lesson 3摘录的一段话，你是否同意作者的观点？请用约20个英文单词阐述你的理由，直接抄袭上述文段内容不得分。
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第四节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I arrived in Idaho from California on my 28th birthday for my first Ironman triathlon (铁人三项), dreaming of this moment for years. When I was picking up my race ___21___ in the registration (登记) tent, Deborah Silva, a ___22___ volunteer, was quick to start a ___23___, asking if I had family to cheer me on. “No, came here ___24___,” I replied, and admitted my ___25___ in running and swimming. We talked a while, and I thought she was a wonderful volunteer.
The next day, on my way to the swimming pool, I heard, “Felix!” It was Deborah. It was such a surprise that she ___26___ me and said she would support me during tomorrow’s race, showing me a big handmade sign: “Go #176” — my race number.
On race day, Deborah and her family were at Mile 50 of the bicycle race, holding the ___27___ and cheering me on. It really lifted my spirits, ___28___ as I was one of the last athletes to complete the swim and was now dealing with 90-degree heat on the bike.
As if her being out there all afternoon wasn’t ___29___, after darkness had fallen and I was just finishing the race, there she was! “You did it!” she said. It was almost 15 hours since the race had begun. Yet she waited at the finish line to ___30___ me, give me a hug, and take photos so I’d never forget this day — the day I ___31___ the dream of doing my first Ironman.
Deborah made a complete ___32___ from a distant place feel welcome and she made this day memorable by going far beyond her ___33___ as a race volunteer, offering ___34___ to a young Californian. And sure enough, weeks later, I received my ___35___ in the mail.
21. A. partner B. coach C. number D. bike
22. A. shy B. friendly C. familiar D. humorous
23. A. discussion B. conversation C. project D. survey
24. A. late B. again C. alone D. straight
25. A. abilities B. mistakes C. wrongdoings D. weaknesses
26. A. recognized B. phoned C. convinced D. reminded
27. A. photo B. cap C. flag D. sign
28. A. obviously B. especially C. probably D. simply
29. A. enough B. expected C. important D. true
30. A. treat B. identify C. congratulate D. comfort
31. A. created B. started C. realized D. recalled
32. A. stranger B. youngster C. athlete D. mother
33. A. promises B. powers C. wishes D. duties
34. A. money B. encouragement C. praise D. protection
35. A. invitation B. gifts C. payment D. pictures
第五节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a wooden fan workshop in Jiangxi Province, Yu Xiuying is busier than usual. As she paints, bright flowers ___36___ (bring) to life across the fan. “Now I decorate at least 120 fans a day,” said the artist, “With the market ___37___ (recover), orders have increased.”
The fans Yu painted in Ganzhu Township will be sold to Spain. The small town has an increasing handmade fan industry, with ___38___ annual output of over 70 million fans.
The town’s fan industry ___39___ (date) back to the early 1980s. When working in Suzhou City in Jiangsu, Yu noticed that from streets to sidewalks, from parks to scenic ___40___ (spot), locals always carried a wooden fan ___41___ them. Yu and her partners acted; they visited a local factory ___42___ (learn) to process fans. In 1984, they returned to open businesses. “We took equipment back to Ganzhu Township ___43___ raised nearly 20,000 yuan to set up a processing plant,” said Yu. As the plan took off, more specialists were trained and the products won ___44___ (popular) in cities including Suzhou, Beijing, and Guangzhou. In 2003, Yu and others set up a company, of ___45___ the annual output value at its peak was up to 30 million yuan.
第三部分 知识基础（共三节，满分35分）
第一节 单句语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time __________ (think) about all the things they will do once they become rich. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. That year, Lang Ping __________ (give) the Best Coach and the Sports Special Contribution awards at the CCTV Sports Personality Awards. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. This week, The Lions were playing our main competitors, The Bears, a team __________ record this season had been perfect. (用适当的词填空)
49. By middle age, our memory is significantly_________(bad) than when we were young. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Active learners do not judge people __________ (base) on first impressions or personal feelings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二节 词义匹配（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
第一组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. help or encouragement B. to expect, believe, or guess C. to express or state indirectly D. not having enough of something E. the time when something happens F. to write music or make up something G. a small unit created to carry out business
51. occasion
52. imply
53. lack
54. support
pose
第二组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. to fail to notice B. not going to happen C. with no people or things inside D. having or expressing strong emotions E. to gain something by your own efforts F. a polite expression for someone’s happiness G. a person who often goes to some event or place
56. passionate
57. regular
58. acquire
59. unlikely
60. ignore
第三组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. once a year B to found or set up C. to happen or exist D not depend on others E. to give a loud, sharp cry F. a surface where pictures can be viewed G. to deal with something successfully or win it
61. annually
62. overcome
63. occur
64. scream
65. establish
第三节 词汇运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Text 1
阅读下面文本，在空白处填入适当的单词（部分空有首字母或中文提示）。
Not only is Christopher Reeve known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also r___66___ as a superhero in real life. Although he believed he would only act on stage, he tried out for and was eventually given the lead ___67___(角色) in the Superman film. He soon gained a reputation for raising ___68___(意识) for good causes. With a new sense of energy and ___69___(投入、奉献), he engaged in a wide ___70___(范围) of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
Text 2
阅读下面文本，在空白处填入适当的单词（部分空有首字母或中文提示）。
During the polar summer of 1910—1911 both teams organized food bases in ___71___ for their adventurous journeys the next year. Then came the total ___72___ (黑暗) of the polar winter. Both Captain Scott and Amundsen waited ___73___ (焦急地) for spring.
Amundsen was the first to leave. He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because of this, he made rapid ___74___ (进展). Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious ___75___ (困难) with the snow and the cold. After a while, Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.
Text 3
阅读下面文本，在空白处填入适当的单词（部分空有首字母或中文提示）。
When I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a ___76___(学期) to find out something about my students. I told them to make something out of the Tinkertoys. A few students h___77___ to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own ___78___(想象力).
Once I had a boy whose work was very inventive. I was happy at the presence of such a student. His presence ___79___(意味) that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose ___80___(创造力) would infect (感染) other students.
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
把下面句子翻译成英文。
81. 在她的带领下，球队重回巅峰，赢得了2015年世界杯冠军。（汉译英）
82. 第一次走进我的班级时，他书包在身后拖着，一幅百无聊赖的样子。（汉译英）
83. 她既严格又要求高是因为她希望我们成为更好的学习者。（汉译英）
84. 尽管面临种种困难，任正非仍致力于关键技术的创新。(汉译英)
85. 有些人整个晚餐都在给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了坐在他们面前的人。（汉译英）
第二节 写作（满分15分）
86. 假定你是李华，你校将开展每天锻炼一小时的活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 活动意义；
2. 具体安排。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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