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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中职高考英语语法复习讲练测教案
第十三章 特殊句型
【读考纲，思考点】
英语中根据上下文和说话者语气的需要，会使用一些特殊的句子，这种特殊的句子属于特殊句型。常见的特殊句型有强调句，倒装句和省略句，这种句型在单项选择和句子翻译题中经常出现，考生要特别注意。
考点统计
年度 题号 知识点 层次要求 难易程度
了解 理解 掌握 容易 较易 中难 较难
2017 1 省略句（主语） √ √
2018
2019
2020 1 省略句（主语） √ √
2021
【讲考点，习能力】
一、强调句
有时为了强调句子中的某个成份，一般使用强调句，这种句子通常用It 开头，也称It 强调句，It强调句除了不能强调谓语动词外，可以强调任何成份，构成如下句型：
It is / was + 强调的部分 + that / who(强调主语) + 其它成份
It is he who broke the window yesterday . 就是他昨天把窗户打碎的。
It is Zhang Ming that I lent some money to . 我借给钱的人就是张明。
It is the movies and stars that they often talk about.他们经常谈论的是电影和明星。
It was there that we met the first time . 我们就是在那儿第一次见面的。
It is three months later that he heard the news. 三个月后他才得知这个消息。
It is because my mother is ill that I must go home early .
正是因为我妈妈病了我才要早点回家。
二、倒装句
倒装句就是谓语动词全部或部分在主语前面的句子。有下面一些情况：
1、否定意义的副词如hardly , never , not , seldom 等放在句首是，句子部分倒装。
Never before have I seen such a good harvest . 我从没见过这么好的收成。
Seldom have I met him recently. 我最近很少见他。
Little did I dream of seeing such a wonderful performance.
我做梦都没想到能看到这样精彩的演出。
2、Only + 状语位于句首，句子部分倒装
Only in this way can we learn English well . 只有这样我们才能学好英语。
Only through their help , can we succeed in solving the problem.
只有在他的帮助下我们才能成功地解决问题。
3、So ( Neither , nor ) + 助动词+主语结构中，句子全部倒装。
My mother has been to Shanghai , so have I. 我的妈妈去过上海， 我也去过。
I can’t swim , nor/ neither my husband . 我不会游泳，我的丈夫也不会。
here (there , now , then ) + 不及物动词+主语， 句子完全倒装。
There goes the bell . 铃响了。
Here is a letter for you . 这儿有你一封信。
Down off the trees. 树到了。
Under the table lay a big dog . 桌子下躺着一只大狗。
但代词作主语时，主语谓语顺序不变。如：
Here you are . 给你。
There she comes . 她来了。
5、由as (虽然) 引导的让步状语从句，也用倒装形式。
Tired as he was , she kept on working . 虽然她很累，但继续工作。
Child as he is , he knows a lot . 虽然他是个孩子，但他懂很多。
6、在no sooner … than ; hardly … when ; not until 开头的句子中，主句部分倒装。
No sooner had I gone out than the telephone rang . 我刚一出门，电话就响了。
Hardly had he reached the station when the train started .
他刚一到火车站，火车就开动了。
Not until yesterday did he knew the news . 直到昨天他才知道这个消息。
7、省略if的虚拟句型中，句子部分倒装。
Had you reviewed your lesson , you might have passed the exam.
如果你复习了功课，你考试就会及格。
Were she here , she would help us . 她要是在这儿， 会帮助我们。
省略句
英语中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变，这种语言现象称之为省略。省略情况有以下一些情况：
省略主语
(You) sit down , please . 请坐。
While (your are )driving , don’t answer calls . 开车时不要接听电话。
When (water is ) heated , water is turned into vapour. 水加热时变成蒸汽。
I will help you if (it is )necessary. 如果有必要的话，我会帮助你。
She went to the hospital and (she) saw a doctor. 她去医院看了医生。
Your advice made me happy but LiMing angry.
你的建议让我很高兴，却使李明生气。
省略整个谓语或谓语的主要部分
Was Jack playing the guitar and (was) Alice preparing the supper
杰克在弹吉他，爱丽丝在准备晚饭吗？
Who (comes) next 下一个是谁？
When asked to dance , she said she couldn’t（dance）.邀请她跳舞时，她说不会。
Tom needn't stay, but George must (stay). 汤姆不必留下,但乔治必须留下来。
--Will Mr Brown come , too 布朗先生也会来吗？
-- Yes , he promised (to come). 是的，他答应了的。
--Can you go to the cinema with me this evening 今晚你能和我去看电影吗？
-- Why not 为什么不去。
-- Can he do this work 他会做这份工作吗？
-- I don’t think so . 我认为不会。
5、省略宾语
John likes smoking , but Mary hates (smoking).
约翰喜欢抽烟，但玛丽讨厌抽烟。
【例1】It was in our village______ this kind of basket was made.
A. that B. where C. when D. which
解析：A 本题考查强调句。句意：这种篮子是在我们村生产的。此句中强调地点状语 in our village , 构成 It is / was +强调的部分+ that +其它成份， 故选A
【例2】--I’m going to the town . May I borrow your bicycle
-- Certainly , here ______.
A. is the key B. are you C. the key is D. is it
解析：A 本题考查here 放在句首的倒装句。句意: --我要去镇上，可以借用一下你的自行车吗？-- 当然，这是钥匙。A项是倒装，故选A
【例3】--Would you like to come to my party this evening
--______ , but I have to look after my little sister at home .
No, thank you B. Yes , please
C. I’d love to D. I don’t think so
解析：C 本题考查省略句。句意：-- 今晚你愿意来参加我的派对吗？-- 我很愿意，但是我要在家照看小妹妹。拒绝别人邀请时，先要表示愿意接受，然后再委婉拒绝，A. 不了，谢谢，B. 是的，谢谢，C. 我很愿意，D.我不这么认为，根据上下文意思，C项符合， 故选C
【试一试】
( ) 1. My father has been to Beijing . _______.
So is my mother B. So my mother is
C. So has my mother D. So my mohter has
( ) 2. In the small house _______ .
a family of six lives B. lives a family of six
C. does a family of six live D. a family of six does live
( ) 3. --Who runs fastest in your class -- ______
Li Ming is B. Li Ming does
C. Li Ming runs D. Li Ming did
( ) 4. _____ is Mr Brown who taught us English last term .
A. It B. That C. Who D. This
( ) 5. It was last night _____ we saw the film.
The time B. when C. that D. which
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