资源简介

2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期12月一模
英语答案
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
W: Hi, Marlon. I’ve given about half the work you were assigned to Lara and Jake. That would ease your load significantly.
M: Thank you. But won’t Lara and Jake be flooded with work now
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers (B)
2. W: I have just cleaned out my closet and have a few boxes to get rid of.
M: Why don’t you donate your clothes to Sally’s second-hand store Sally opened it with her husband after retiring from her university.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do with her old clothes (D)
3. W: I am going to sign up for a computer coding course.
M: Learn the basics. Don’t run before you can walk.
Q: What does the man mean (C)
4. W: Jack, what time are you heading out Maybe I could cook you something before you leave.
M: That’s really nice of you, Alice, but I’m leaving soon. So I think I’ll have to grab something at the airport. I’m definitely going to miss the food here.
Q: What can be learned from the conversation (C)
5. W: Our meal itself was $60. After adding the tax, the total amount comes to 70. Should we pay that
M: It would be rude if we didn’t tip here. For good service, I usually give 20 percent of the original bill, without the tax included.
Q: How much will they probably pay if the service is good (B)
6. W: Jenny says that she hasn’t the time to write the report.
M: She always claims that she is busy, but I see often her on the computer doing online shopping.
Q: What does the man imply about Jenny (D)
7. M: I’m afraid our staff member found that you left the room in a bad state, so we’ll need to charge your card.
W: What How is that possible I didn’t break anything. I left everything exactly how it was. Call again to make sure.
Q: Why does the woman insist that the man call again (B)
8. M: How long will it take you to finish the report I am feeling as hungry as a bear.
W: I can finish it more quickly if you don’t talk to me.
Q: How does the woman feel (B)
9 W: What do I need to know about the registration process Will I need to bring copies of my exam certificates or anything like that
M: No, they don’t need to see those. But I suppose you should dress smartly instead of casually.
Q: What should the woman do for the registration process (A)
10. W: How am I supposed to use the new accounting system without training
M: But using it isn’t exactly rocket science. You just need to read the 2-page manual and learn a few of the tricks.
Q: What does the man mean (C)
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A new report has said that non-humans, such as animals, rivers and trees, should have legal rights just like humans do. The report comes from the Law Society, an organization that represents lawyers in England and Wales.
The report says that giving legal rights to non-humans could help to protect them. This is because if nature is protected in the same way humans are, those who damage it will get into trouble with the law — just like those who harm other people. The lawyers think it could be a way to tackle climate change and the loss of biodiversity.
Laws that protect non-humans already exist in other countries, including Bolivia and Ecuador. However, both these countries have large populations of native people, and protecting nature has always been an important part of their culture. There are some laws that protect nature in the UK, but the report points out that they only protect the sort of non-humans that we find interesting, such as trees and pets.
The report discusses using laws to give the whole natural system rights, instead of just parts of it. This would stop humans from being able to damage it — for example, by cutting down trees to make room for buildings. It would also be a way of making sure that people don’t have too much power to change the environment using science or technology. Most importantly, it would recognize that parts of nature depend on other parts. For example, if a tree dies, it can affect lots of creatures who use it for food or shelter.
Questions
11. Who does the organization of Law Society represent？(B)
12. In which way are the newly-proposed laws different from the others (C)
13. What is the talk mainly about (B)
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Productivity can be a struggle for many of us. Overflowing email inboxes, housework, social obligations can make us feel helpless. However, one simple tool that can help us stay on top of everything is the to-do list. Write it down, do the tasks and cross them off – simple!
There are three key reasons why lists are beneficial. Firstly, they help to drown out the anxiety that comes with having never-ending tasks. By writing everything down, we don’t have to rely on our memory and can instead focus on the task at hand. Secondly, lists provide structure and guidance, giving us a plan to follow. As well as this, our brains are more likely to retain information that is presented in a structured and organised manner. And finally, lists serve as proof of what we have achieved, which can help boost our sense of accomplishment and motivation.
Another possible reason our brains love lists is because of something called the “Zeigarnik Effect”. This is the name psychologists use for when we remember things we need to do, our unfinished tasks, better than things we have already completed. The experiment began with a warm-up task, though it was stopped half-way through, and only some people were allowed to make plans to finish it. The researchers found that the group permitted to plan had reduced anxiety and performed better in the second task. The problem was, the others still had the warm-up task stuck in their active memory – an unticked list of tasks. So, once we tick something off our list, our brain forgets about it and we can relax.
Questions
14. How do lists help our sense of accomplishment and motivation (B)
15. Which phenomenon does the “Zeigarnik Effect” refer to (D)
16. What does the speaker mainly talk about (C)
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
M: Is it true that you are leaving the company
W: Yes. I turned in my resignation letter last week. But I’ll still be here until the end of the month.
M: Wow. You’ve been here a long time. The office will seem strange without you.
W: Oh, I’m sure things will be fine.
M: I also heard some people say that you are planning to start your own business. Is that true
W: Yes, I’ve been saving up money for the past two years getting ready to invest.
M: That’s exciting. What kind of business is it
W: It’s not that exciting. We’re going to open a drink stand in a night market.
M: Do you have a business partner
W: Yeah, I’m going to cooperate with two of my good friends and they will also help run the place.
M: Do you have a set date for your new business to open
W: We just signed a contract on a space for the shop. Hopefully, we can finish preparations in the next few weeks and open the business at the end of April.
M: That’s great to hear. I can’t wait to come and buy some drinks.
W: Definitely. You should bring some of your friends as well.
M: Do you think you can give your old coworker a discount
W: You’re funny. But the answer is “no”.
M: Come on, I was only joking. I want to pay full price to support your business.
W: That’s very kind of you. In that case, you should treat everyone here in the office to a drink sometime.
M: Not until I get a pay rise. Oh yeah, where is your tea stand going to be located
W: Oh, it will be close to the main entrance of the East River Night Market, near the MRT station.
M: That’s not too far from my neighborhood! I’ll definitely be a regular customer.
W: That’s great. I’ll message you once we’re open. I look forward to seeing you.
Questions:
17. What did the woman do last week (B)
18. Where will the woman’s new business be located (D)
19. How is the progress of starting the business (A)
20. What will the man probably do to support the woman’s new business (C)
21. is happening 22. which 23. is wasted 24. can 25. such as 26. those 27. While/When 28. to eat 29. hoping 30. whether/if/what/where
31-35 B H D K A 36-40 E I F C G
41-45. B C A A D 46-50 B C A D C 51-55 B D C A C
56-59 C A D B
60-62 B C A
63-66 C B A D
67-70 C F D A
Reference:
Contrary to popular belief that regrets should be ignored, Author Schulz points out that feeling regret is crucial for a happy life. Regret makes us reflect upon past action, making learning possible. Besides, action rather than hiding from regrets makes us feel less pain(ful). To sum up, regret is a reminder telling us that we can be better. [57]
72. The two kids were rewarded with a box of crayons and a book respectively. /
Or: The two kids were given a box of crayons and a book respectively as a reward.
73. The more desperate a person is for fame and wealth, the less likely he will do things in a down-to-earth/practical manner.
74. His skill of restoring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has made the one covered under the dust for a long time/the long buried one regain/ return to its former glory.
His skill of restoring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has restored the one covered under the dust for a long time to its former glamour.
75. Years had passed before he gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life where he fainted at the sight of blood in public/before a big crowd.
It was many years before he gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life where he fainted at the sight of blood in public/before a big crowd2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期12月一模
英语学科试卷 2023. 12
考生注意：
考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Manager and employee.
C. Lecturer and student. D. Mechanic and customer.
2. A. Keep them in the closet.
B. Donate them to her university.
C. Sell them to Sally at a low price.
D. Give them away to a second-hand shop.
3. A. It is too late to sign up for the course.
B. Learning the basics is more fun.
C. The woman is not ready to learn coding.
D. The woman should do more exercises.
4. A. Alice will drive Jack to the airport.
B. Alice will cook something for Jack.
C. Jack will be away for quite some time.
D. Jack has missed the meal at the airport.
5. $84. B. $82. C. $72. D. $80.
6. A. She is not good at typing on the computer.
B. She shops online less often than before.
C. She is incapable of writing the report.
D. She is not as busy as she claims.
7. A. Because she forgot which room she had stayed.
B. Because she thought she had been wrongly accused.
C. Because she had left her credit card in the room.
D. Because she wanted to make sure what items she had broken.
8. A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Confused. D. Relaxed.
9. A. Wear something formal for the occasion.
B. Bring the copies of her exam certificates.
C. Behave casually during the whole process.
D. Prepare a smart device for registration.
10. A. He has learned to use the system by reading the manual.
B. He will teach the woman the new tricks himself.
C. It is not difficult to learn to use the new system.
D. It is possible that the rocket project will be stopped.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Native people. B. Lawyers in Britain.
C. Non-humans. D. Children in Wales.
12. A. They focus on better ways to tackle climate change.
B. They forbid other creatures to use trees for food or shelter.
C. They recognize the legal rights of the whole natural system.
D. They protect things humans find interesting like trees and pets.
13. A. Defending native cultures by law.
B. Using laws to protect nature.
C. Fighting the loss of biodiversity.
D. Using technology to protect the environment.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. They can make us focus on the task at hand.
B. They serve as proof of what we have achieved.
C. They provide us with guidance to accomplish the tasks.
D. They can serve as a means to drown out our anxiety.
15. A. We perform the tasks on the lists quickly.
B. We tend to forget about the warm-up tasks.
C. The less anxious we are, the sooner we complete the tasks.
D. We remember the unfinished tasks better than the finished ones.
16. A. What we include in to-do lists.
B. When we improve productivity.
C. Why our brains love lists.
D. How we connect lists with tasks.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She turned in a business proposal to the company.
B. She informed the company of her decision to quit.
C. She discussed her future plan with the man.
D. She helped the man work independently in the new office.
18. A. At the heart of a neighborhood.
B. Near the entrance to the old company.
C. At the center of a night market.
D. Not far from the MRT station.
19. A. A place has been rented for the business.
B. The date has been set to open the business.
C. Preparation work has been completed.
D. A contract has been signed with business partners.
20. A. Invest his savings in her drink stand.
B. Treat coworkers to a drink at her stand.
C. Buy drinks regularly at the stand.
D. Pay full prices for the discounted drinks.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Going Hungry in the Land of the Rich
The United States is one of the world’s wealthiest countries. Despite this, many Americans struggle just to put healthy food, or any food at all, on the table every day. One might think that a food shortage (21) _________ (happen) in America, but this is not the case. There is more than sufficient food for everyone, 40% of (22) ________ is unfortunately, wasted every day. There are many different ways food (23) ________ (waste): farmers only pick the best-looking crops, deliveries aren’t made on time, supermarkets throw out extra products, customers buy more than they need, and so on. The highest level of wastage tends to happen in the richest communities.
Meanwhile, people who live in poor or rural areas often have little or no access to food. These areas are called “food deserts.” They have fewer supermarkets, and the only food options that they (24) ________ afford are often unhealthy ones. Healthy foods (25) ________ ________ fresh fruits and vegetables may be impossible to find. Sadly, 12.8% of the American population live in food deserts.
What can we do to help (26) ________ who don’t have enough food Shirley and Annie Zhu came up with a solution. In 2017, when Hurricane Harvey destroyed over 100,000 homes in their city, Houston, the sisters got involved. (27) _______ helping to clear water from a flooded supermarket, they saw a huge amount of food being wasted. At the same time, thousands of people in the city didn't have enough (28) ________ (eat).
The girls set up Fresh Hub with 10 of their classmates, (29) ________ (hope) to do something to help. They created an app which could be used by residents to find out (30) _______ fresh food was available. Then they contacted local farmers and supermarkets to ask for their extra food. To date, Fresh Hub has delivered more than 15,000 pounds of food to people in need.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
normally B. boost C. sustain D. gains E. assessing F. substantially G. efforts H. mixed I. surprising J. anticipate K. assigned
Your Social-Media Detoxes（脱瘾治疗）Probably Aren’t Helping You
We’ve all heard the supposed benefits of unplugging from digital devices, even for 24 hours. Such breaks are said to (31) _________ self-confidence, reduce social competitiveness and fears of missing out, and make room for more-enriching, in-person interactions. Yet studies exploring those effects have produced (32) ________ results. So a global research team set out to systematically test the idea that social media detoxing delivers meaningful psychological (33) _________.
The researchers recruited 600 undergraduate students in three places: the United States, the United Kingdom, and Hong Kong. All participants were randomly (34) _________ to keep away from social media on either the first or the second day of a two-day experiment. On the other day, they were to interact with digital platforms as they (35) ________ would. Each evening they answered survey questions aimed at (36) ________ various aspects of well-being. Contrary to the researchers’ expectations, the one-day detox made no noticeable impact on positive or negative emotions, self-confidence, or daily satisfaction. When it did have an effect, it decreased daily satisfaction and social relatedness, although the changes were not significant once the analysis was adjusted to control for gender. Just as (37) _________, people didn’t use the time freed up from looking at screens for other forms of socializing. In fact, they reported (38) ________ lower levels of face-to-face, phone, and email interactions on their detoxing days.
Even short social-media breaks can be hard to (39) _______ — indeed, only half the participants in the experiment did what was required and these results suggest that they may not be worth the (40) _______. “We did not find any evidence that social media detoxing for one day had significant positive impacts on psychological well-being,” the researchers write.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Often, we know what makes us happy... but, despite this, often we don’t put the theory into action. Why do I (the person who tells you that taking breaks (41) ________ stress and makes you more efficient) sit at my computer eating my lunch I know this is unhelpful for me, so what on earth is going on It all started at a time of huge pressure when I was training, and I began eating my lunch at my desk to (42) ________ time. I did it over and over again until it became (43) ________ to my brain.
My brain will choose this route by default（默认情况下）, because it is the most learned behaviour. Something in my office (44) _________ (probably my stomach rumbling (发咕咕声) will send a signal to my brain that it’s lunchtime, and I will pick up my sandwich and eat it with very little (45) ________. It is a no-brainer to my brain; it’s just what it does.
Habits don’t (46) ________ new learning from the brain; they are stored as a sequence of activities in the brain. The brain adds a routine of behaviours together so they all happen (47) ________ in sequence when activated by a signal (that rumbling stomach) to get us to a reward (my lunch), which (48) ________ strengthens that learned behaviour. Your brain uses habits to (49) ________ effort and save energy, and will default to these behaviours when signalled. How can we build happiness habits into our lives
Step 1: What is it that you want to do
Decide what you want to (50) ________ as small daily habits. Next, think about how and when you will do this. (51) ________ , consider the habits that affect happiness negatively and that you want to break. Like me, do you want to (52) ________ eating lunch at your desk and get outside instead
Step 2: Be (53) ________ about your why
What will you gain from this new happiness habit Why is it important to you This helps you to want to make the effort to break your default habits.
Step 3: Be specific
Decide when specifically you will (54) ________ your new habit and what you will do — for example, “I want to go for a walk to connect with nature at lunchtime.” Start as small as you can, because this is more likely to be achievable, repeatable and rewarding — three things we need to happen to shift from a(n) (55) _________ new behaviour to a habit.
41. A. increases B. reduces C. suggests D. excludes
42. A. kill B. spend C. save D. make
43. A. habitual B. continual C. relevant D. remote
44. A. context B. council C. entry D. format
45. A. assistance B. appreciation C. appetite D. awareness
46. A. regulate B. require C. comprise D. consume
47. A. subsequently B. collectively C. automatically D. individually
48. A. in turn B. in return C. by far D. by contrast
49. A. enhance B. attain C. reverse D. minimize
50. A. bury B. change C. add D. delete
51. A. Generally B. Alternatively C. Eventually D. Initially
52. A. enjoy B. imagine C. delay D. stop
53. A. crazy B. calm C. clear D. curious
54. A. engage in B. call for C. appeal to D. give up
55. A. hopeful B. hopeless C. effortful D. effortless
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Homing pigeons combine precise internal compasses and memorized landmarks to re-trace a path back to their lofts — even four years after the previous time they made the trip, a new study shows.
Testing nonhuman memory retention（保持）is challenging; in research studies, “it’s rare that there is a gap of several years between when an animal stores the information and when it is next required to retrieve it,” says University of Oxford zoologist Dora Biro. For a recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biro and her colleagues compared domestic homing pigeons’ paths three or four years after the birds established routes back to their loft from a farm 8.6 kilometers away. The study built on data from a 2016 experiment in which pigeons learned routes in different social contexts during several flights — on their own or with peers that did or did not know the way.
Using data from GPS devices temporarily attached to the birds’ backs, the researchers compared the flight paths a pack of pigeons took in 2019 or 2020, without the birds visiting the release site in between. Some birds missed a handful of landmarks along the way, but many others took “strikingly similar” routes to those they used in 2016, says Oxford zoologist and study co-author Julien Collet: “It was...as if the last time they flew there was just the day before, not four years ago.”
The team found that the pigeons remembered a route just as well if they first flew it alone or with others and fared much better than those that had not made the journey in 2016.
The result is not surprising, says Verner Bing-man, who studies animal navigation at Bowling Green State University and was not involved with the study. But it provides new confirmation of homing pigeons’ remarkable memory, he says: “It closes the distance a little bit between our self-centered sense of human intellectual abilities and what animals can do.”
56. The underlined word “retrieve” is closest in meaning to ________.
A. reserve B. return C. recover D. record
57. Which of the following conclusions may be found in the recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B
A. Pigeons remember specific routes home after years away.
B. Pigeons remember routes better when flying with others.
C. Pigeons can find their way back though taking different routes.
D. Pigeons can retrace the path home through an attached GPS device.
58. Which of the following is TRUE about the 2016 experiment
A. Oxford zoologist Julien Collet designed the experiment procedure.
B. GPS devices were attached permanently to collect data about flight routes.
C. The experiment was designed to eliminate pigeons that missed key landmarks.
D. Pigeons were made to fly from the release site to their lofts several times.
59. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Humans need to adopt a more rigid approach to pigeons’ memory.
B. Humans are blinded by superiority when it comes to animal intelligence.
C. Riddles about animals are too complex to be solved in the foreseeable future.
D. There have been mixed responses to the findings about pigeons’ memory.
(B)
60. Which of the following is TRUE about Intuition
A. It is a born skill that can not be improved.
B. It enables wise decisions when used properly.
C. It is contradictory to the power of reasoning.
D. It guides us to notice the little things in our life.
61. _________ was most likely the topic for the month before last.
A. Pity. B. Jazz. C. Gratitude. D. Harmony.
62. What can be learned about the Taster Sessions
A. Each session lasts about 3 hours.
B. A password is needed for booking a session.
C. They run at a fixed time every day.
D. They are free to regular members only.
(C)
In memory of Eleanor
-- a woman ________
[1] Eleanor Lowenthal – my grandmother – in desperate need of income to put her husband through graduate school, walked into the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. There, she convinced the scientists that she was the perfect person to mount（安放）and catalog their growing ant collection.
[2] At the time, a promising graduate student named E.O. Wilson was coming up in the department. Wilson, who passed away in December 2021, was called the “father of biodiversity”. When Eleanor joined the department, researchers were racing to collect and catalog specimens（标本）. As Wilson shifted research towards smaller, less glamorous species that nonetheless held ecological significance, he set the stage for conservation biology. Behind the scenes, technicians like my grandmother preserved the specimen that furthered Wilson’s work and continue to provide new insights and opportunities for researchers across the globe.
[3] At the time, hiring a 21-year-old woman who had dropped out of art school was a significant gamble. It paid off. Eleanor’s job as a technician required the same manual flexibility and coordination that art school had demanded. The job required her to work quickly, yet precisely. Rushing could risk ruining a rare specimen, but Eleanor could process ants as quickly as Wilson could mail them back from his expeditions to Australia and Papua New Guinea. She sometimes mounted as many as 200 a day.
[4]It wasn’t a coincidence that Eleanor found work in entomology. Wilson’s high-profile research on ants cracked an opening for women in previously male-dominated field of conservation, which was centered around studying big game in the first half of the 20th century.
[5] Even when women’s early work has been credited, the language used to describe their contributions often minimized their role in the team, not mentioning them by name. A recently discovered department report includes lines such as, “A large amount of spreading and setting insects was done by the lady assistant,” and “The collection has been remarkably free from pests… due to the continuous care of the lady assistant.”
[6] The department now functions like a library (specimen can be borrowed for study or examined on site), and serves as a training center for the next generation of scientists who use the collection in ways Wilson and my grandmother probably never imagined.
[7] Eleanor didn’t realize the impact of her contribution at the time – the technician role was just a job that paid $38 a week. But she’s come to appreciate the significance of her work on a project that spans centuries. “You can see how it goes from one era to another,” says Eleanor. “It’s so important to have this library for people to make connections and new discoveries.”
63. The first two paragraphs write about _________.
A. why Eleanor was chosen to be an assistant for Wilson
B. what convinced Wilson switch to the study of ants
C. how Eleanor’s and Wilson’s career paths crossed
D. when technicians like Eleanor started to get hired
64. Why were the lines in the report cited in the fifth paragraph
A. To prove how important women’s early work was.
B. To show women’s role at the time was not fully recognized.
C. To give a vivid description of the nature of women’s work.
D. To teach the wisdom of writing good science reports.
65. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs
A. Today’s researchers are still enjoying the benefits of Eleanor’s work.
B. Eleanor is now working as a supervisor in the department.
C. New scientific discoveries are the results of collective wisdom.
D. Nobody’s work is as important as Eleanor’s in the department.
66. Which of the following should be filled in the title “In memory of Eleanor -- a woman ________”
A. whose struggle mirrored the social changes in the status of women
B. whose work won her fame in the then male-dominated field of conservation
C. who pioneered a unique ant management system at the Harvard Museum
D. who worked behind the scenes with extraordinary speed, accuracy and artistry
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. There’ll still be times when old thoughts cause sadness, or you’re anxious about what’s next. B. The usefulness of nostalgia seems to vary with age. C. Today we have a much more positive attitude to nostalgia. D. You’ll get faster at finding it, and add extra layers of detail each time. E. The answer lies in connecting with your past and future selves. F. But there’s also a growing body of research into time travel “the other way”.
How to Travel in Time
The term “NOSTALGIA”(怀旧) used to describe a mental disease. The “algia” bit means “pain”, and the word was coined by a 17th-century doctor treating homesick soldiers, whose symptoms included hallucinations（幻觉）and depression. (67) ______________________ And it’s a great example of the benefits of a strong memory — choosing to recapture moments from the past to enjoy them all over again.
As evidence, a recent report highlighted the increase in old songs being streamed on Spotify during lockdown. It seems that we found strength in musical memories of happier times. (68) ______________________ Because memory skills can take you into the future, too — bringing a whole new set of rewards.
In another pandemic experiment, people wrote letters to their future selves, and found that they improved their mood by imagining themselves safely on the other side of COVID-19. Here are my tips for becoming a confident time traveller yourself:
* To reawaken happy feelings, use all your senses—not just sight. Smell, taste, touch and sound will also help you to recreate the past in rich clarity. If you find a memory that’s particularly helpful — for reassurance, say — keep using it！(69)_________________________
* When you’re procrastinating（拖延）, visualise an end result. Flash forward to see the floor swept or the essay finished, and use that positive image to spur you into action.
* Ahead of major challenges, imagine the full impact of success. Don’t just picture yourself getting that great job: fill your mind with the really big ways it’s going to change your life.
(70) _______________________ But the more you learn to control your memory, the better you’ll be at mining your past, and shaping your future, to be your best self now.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Ignoring Your Biggest Regrets
Regrets, people often feel, are to be avoided. Mistakes may be unavoidable, but they should be kept to a minimum. And when they do occur, the best course of action is to ignore them as inevitable steps on our journey. That seems logical, at least until you consider that one of the criteria for mental illness is an inability to feel regret. As author Kathryn Schulz argues, “If you want to be fully functional, and fully human, and fully humane, I think you need to learn to live not without regret, but with it.” Counterintuitively, she and other experts argue feeling regret is essential for living your best life. No one is saying, of course, that getting trapped in your past mistakes is a good idea. But neither is a “no regrets and never look back” mentality.
Regret forces us to engage in a reflective analysis to understand why we thought or acted the way we did and makes us try things differently in the future. If you keep telling yourself “no regrets,” then learning isn’t going to happen. Besides, hiding from regret doesn’t make it hurt less. Action does. Action, recent research shows, is the best way to make regret hurt less. So if you’re troubled by your failure to travel when you were young, science suggests you consciously plan an adventurous trip now that you’re older and wiser. Upset about a broken friendship Act to try to repair it.
Acknowledging our mistakes, rather than ignoring them, reminds us that we are valuable and worthy despite our faults. That sort of acceptance is the basis both of real self-confidence and of true kindness. As Schulz sums up in her talk: “Regret doesn’t remind us that we did badly. It reminds us we know we can do better.”
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 两个小朋友分别得到一盒蜡笔和一本书作为奖励。(reward)
73. 一个人名利心越重，就越不可能脚踏实地做事。（desperate）
74. 他的古画修复水平如此之高，使得那幅尘封已久的画作重现光彩。（such）
75. 许多年过去了，他才渐渐淡忘人生中那尴尬的一幕:在大庭广众之下，他看到血晕倒了。（where）
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是美国一所中学的学生Sam，最近你班要召开一次主题为“不让霸凌成为青春的一道疤”的班会。根据主题内容，写一篇发言稿（所给材料可供参考）。
Here are the national statistics about bullying in the USA About 20% of students aged 12-18 experienced bullying nationwide. Students aged 12-18 who reported bullied said they thought those who bullied them: -- had the ability to influence other students’ perception of them (56%). -- were physically stronger or larger (40%). -- had more money (31%).
Word box: bully v/n 恐吓；伤害；/ 恃强凌弱者

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