资源简介 高中英语人教版2019-选必修第三册Unit 2词汇笔记1 tobacco n.烟草;烟叶2 alcohol n.酒;酒精3 abuse n.滥用;虐待;辱骂vt. 滥用;虐待;辱骂构词:ab相反+use用→不(正当)使用→abuse n.&v.滥用+usealcohol abuse 酗酒,abuse of power 滥用职权,scream abuse高声谩骂He was physically and emotionally abused.他的身心受到了摧残。alcohol abuse酗酒personal abuse 人身攻击abuse one's authority/office/power/position 滥用职权abuse one's privilege 滥用特权4 physical adj身体的:客观存在的;物理学的派生:physics n.物理+-al与······有关的→physical adj.物理学的;符合自然法则的physical appearance 外貌physical pain 身体疼痛physical beauty 形体美physical exercise 体育锻炼physical examination 体检physical education(=PE)体育one's physical and mental health某人的身心健康5 dominate vt. &vi.支配;控制;占有优势联想:do做+minate(minute的近似拼写)→做时间的主人,“支配”(dominate)好每一分钟domin主人;控制+-ate使;赋予→dominate v.控制dominate the passions控制强烈的感情dominate the weaker 支配弱者dominate the situation 左右形势political domination 政治上的支配6 repeatedly adv.重复地派生:repeat+-ed→repeated adj.重复的;反复发生的+-ly······地→repeatedly adv.重复地;再三地say repeatedly that...重复地说······repeat oneself重复自己说过的话repeat the class/grade/year重修这门课/留级/重读一年repeat sth. (after sb.)(跟某人)读某物learn by repetition 通过重复来学习the constant repetition of...不断重复的······7 psychologyn.心理学;心理;心理影响构词:psych-心理+-ology 学科→psychology n.心理学[注意]p不发音8 cue n.提示;暗示;信号vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)比较:“提示,线索”(clue)去掉1仍是“提示,暗示”(cue)a cue for sth./to do sth.······的提示 cue me暗示我9 in response to回答;答复示例:in response to one’s enquiry 回复某人的询问respond v.回答,回应;作出反应,响应response n.回答;答复;响应,反应in response to one's enquiry回复某人的询问make no response to对······没作出回应receive an encouraging responsefrom从······得到令人鼓舞的回应make a positive response to对······作出积极的回应respond to 对······作出回应表“对······作出回应”时,无论是动词respond 还是名词 response,均搭配介词to。10 reward n.回报;奖励:报酬vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬搭配:reward sb.with sth.for(doing sth.)因(做某事)用······回报某人He rewarded us with a lot of money for helping him.对于我们的帮助,他大加酬谢。in reward for作为对······的报答;作为······的报酬as a reward for 作为对······的奖赏give/offer a reward to sb. for sth.因某事而给某人报酬ask for no reward 不要求报酬reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏某人reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人a rewarding experience/job有益的经历/工作11 rely vi.依赖;依靠;信赖派生:rely+able可······的,能······的→reliable adj.可信赖的;可依靠的[y变为i]12 rely on依赖;依靠;信赖搭配:rely on sb./sth. to do sth.依靠某人/某物做某事rely on a compass to get there 依靠指南针到达那儿rely on=depend on依赖,依靠,指望;相信rely on sb.for sth.依靠某人提供某物rely on/upon sb. to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事rely on/upon (doing)sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事rely on it that...=depend on it that...相信/指望·····当 rely on后接that从句作宾语时,必须先接it再接that从句,it是形式宾语You can rely on it that Peter would like to accept the suggestion.你可以相信彼得愿意接受这个建议。13 facilitate vt.促进:促使;使便利构词:facil(e)容易做的+it+-ate使→facilitate vt.促使→facilitate learning 有利于学习,facilitate economic growth加快经济发展facilitate more rapid economicgrowth 促进更加快速的经济增长sports/cultural facilities体育/文化设施public facilities 公共设施communication facilities 通信设备computer facilities计算机设备14 examine vt.(仔细)检查;审查;測验比较:exam-examine-examinationexamine one's body 检查身体 take an exam 参加考试examine...for..检查······找······examine a witness 审问证人examine a map 查看地图examine the quality of a product检查产品的质量examine sb.in/on sth.测验某人······15 negative adj.消极的;有害的;否定的构词:neg否认,拒绝+ative有······倾向(性质)的→否认的→negative adj.消极的,否定的→positive adj.积极的,肯定的表达态度的词:indifferent adj.漠不关心的,supportive adj.支持的be negative about 对······持否定态度a negative attitude 否定的态度have a negative effect on对······有消极的影响a negative image 负面的形象become negative 变得消极a negative view 消极的观点16 escalator n.自动扶梯;滚梯构词: escal梯子+ator表名词→escalator自动扶梯17 straight away立即:马上同义:at once,right away, right now, immediatelycome/get straight to the point 开门见山be straight with sb.对某人说实话look straight at me 直直地看着我walk straight 直走sit up/stand straight坐直/直立18 pessimistic adj.悲观的;悲观主义的派生:pessimist n.悲观主义者+-ic与······有关的→pessimistic adj——pessimism/n.悲观,悲观情绪,悲观主义be pessimistic about 对······悲观a pessimistic view of life对人生的悲观看法in a pessimistic mood 以悲观的情绪have a pessimistic attitude to/towards...对······持悲观态度be optimistic about 对······乐观be optimistic that...对·······乐观They are cautiously optimistic thatthe reforms will take place.他们对是否实行改革表示谨慎的乐观。19 discipline n.自制力:纪律;学科vt.自我控制;管教;处罚拆分:dis-+cip+line→discipline不(dis-)刺碰(cip)底线(line),这是“纪律”(discipline)keep/observe discipline 遵守纪律strict discipline 严格的纪律school discipline 校纪serious discipline problems严重的纪律问题discipline a child 教训孩子discipline sb.for...因······而处罚某人20 pill n.药丸:药片联想:生“病”(ill)了就要吃“药”(pill)delete v.删除拆分:de去掉+lete (=litter)-→去掉垃圾→delete v.删除delete sth. from sth.把某物从另一物中删除delete the last paragraph删除最后一段21 decide on决定:选定示例:decide on the course for the future 确定未来发展的方向decide on doing sth.决定做某事decide on leaving 决定离开decide on going abroad 决定出国decide on a target 决定目标It is/was decided that...已经决定······a man of decision 果断的人make a decision 作出决定decide to do sth.决定做某事22 make up one's mind下定决心示例:make up one's mind to examine the evidence thoroughly下决心全面检查证据make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事make up for弥补,补偿make up 编造;化妆;和好;组成make out 辨认出;明白,理解make it及时到达;取得成功23 compose Vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写构词:com共同+pose放,放置→放到一起→ compose v.-(1nd=)组成→Ten men compose the committee.十人组成了委员会。be composed of由······组成(或构成)的compose/write a song写歌compose/write music作曲compose a letter/poem/speech写信/诗歌/演讲稿a classical music composer古典音乐作曲家a composition by Mozart莫扎特的作品polish a composition 润色作文24 be composed of 由...组成(或构成)的示例:The committee is composed mainly of lawyers.委员会主要由律师组成。be made up of;consist of(无被动,无进行)25 surgeon n.外科医生拆分:sur+ge+on(苏+哥++昂),苏哥昂是一名“外科医生”)→physician n.内科医生26 surgery n.外科手术;外科学串记:At the agency, the gentle surgeon urgently urged the aged agent to go for surgery.在办事处,温和的外科医生急切地催促年老的代理商做外科手术。27 liberation n.解放;摆脱构词:liber自由使·····→liberate v.使自由→解放liberate v.解放;使自由+-ion(名词后缀:行为,状态,结果)→liberation n.解放;摆脱the People's Liberation Army(PLA)中国人民解放军women's liberation 妇女解放before liberation 解放前liberate...from使自由;使摆脱约束liberty of speech 言论自由at liberty自由;不再受监禁28 shave vi, vt.&n.剃(须发);刮脸联想:谁(音似s)有(have)“刮”(shave)胡刀?29 shave off剃掉;刮去示例:Charles made up his mind to shave off his beard.查尔斯下决心刮掉胡子。30 beard n.胡须;络腮胡子联想:b,d在“耳朵”(ear)两边很对称-络腮胡子31 disturb vt.打扰;搅乱:使烦恼构词:dis分散+tur搅动→搅动开→disturb v.扰乱Sorry to disturb you.对不起,打扰你一下。disturb sb.打扰某人disturb a plan 打乱计划disturb papers on the desk弄乱桌子上的文件a disturbing piece of news一则令人不安的消息be disturbed by/about/at对······感到忧虑be seriously/deeply/greatly disturbed非常烦恼be disturbed to do sth.做某事感到不安be disturbed that...对······感到不安-ing形容词常用来形容事物,表示事物本身具有的性质、特点;·-ed形容词常用来修饰人或人的表情、声音等。常见的有:interesting,interested;surprising, surprised; exciting,excited;shocking,shocked等。32 cigarette n.香烟;卷烟构词:cigar n.雪茄烟+ette小的东西→cigarette n.香烟33 specialist n. 专科医生:专家派生:special adj.特别的,专门的+-ist表人→specialist n.专家→专科医生an eye specialist 眼科医生call in a specialist请专科医生a celebrated/distinguished/noted specialist 著名专家an experienced specialist经验丰富的专科医生a specialist in on...某方面的专家34 consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师派生:consult v.咨询++-ant······人→consultant n.顾问→(英国英语)高级顾问医师;会诊医师consultant service 咨询服务a consultant program 咨询程序a consultant mission 顾问团consultant papers 咨询文件consult with sb.about/on sth.与某人就某事进行磋商;就某事咨询某人consult with sb. about a secret与某人商量一个机密consult a teacher/map/dictionary请教老师/查阅地图/查阅词典consult sb. about sth.就某事向某人咨询35 drug n.毒品;药物对比:rug小地毯一g挖,掘→drug毒品→digdrug abuse 药物滥用;嗜毒36 skip v.跳过;不参加;悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走:跳绳n.蹦跳联想:一个黑“皮肤”(skin)的男孩“蹦蹦跳跳地走”(skip)了skip breakfast不吃早饭go skipping 去跳绳skip a grade 跳级skip breakfast 不吃早饭skip school/class逃学/逃课skip over the fence 跳过棚栏skip over略过;遗漏skip over the details 略过细节37 dizzy adj.头晕目眩的示例:Climbing so high made me feel dizzy.爬那么高使我感到头晕目眩。feel dizzy感到头晕目眩the dizzy pace of life令人目眩的生活节奏be dizzy with success 被成功冲昏头脑38 flu n.流感示例:She's got flu.她患上了流感。39 stimulate vt.激发;促进:刺激构词:stimul刺,刺激+ate使,赋予→stimulate vt.刺激;激发stimulate growth 刺激增长stimulate demand 刺激需求stimulate the economy 刺激经济stimulate sb. to do sth.刺激某人做某事stimulate one's interest in激发某人在······方面的兴趣拓artificial stimulation人工刺激40 dentist n.牙科医生串记:I'm confident that the dentist will deny the confidential accidental incident.我确信这个牙医将会否认这个机密的意外事件。41 sugary adj.含糖的;甜的派生:sugar n.糖充满······的;有······特性的→sugary adj.含糖的;甜的42 nut n.坚果比较:nut-put-but→切割cut,坚果nut,放入put,但是but43 skateboard n.滑板vi.滑滑板合成:skate滑冰+board木板→skateboard滑板44 dynamicadj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的构词:dynam力量+ic与······有关;······的→dynamic adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→dynamics n.力学;动力学a dynamic personality充满活力的个性a dynamic leader一位精力充沛的领导a dynamic plan 动态规划45 virus n.病毒;病毒性疾病46 stress out焦虑不安;疲惫不堪示例:feel stressed out 感到心力交瘁(=feel stressed)get/feel stressed out变得/感到焦虑under stress在压力下;有压力lay stress on 强调;重视stress the fact 强调事实stress the importance of...强调······的重要性stress the importance of the stress ofpronunciation 强调发音重读的重要性47 worn out筋疲力尽的;疲惫的示例:Can we sit down?I'm worn out.我们能坐下吗?我都累坏了。[拓]worn out破烂不堪的;废旧的These shoes are worn out.这些鞋破得不能再穿了。be worn out=be/get/feel tired out筋疲力尽wear sb./sth.out让某人筋疲力尽;用坏某物wear away 逐渐磨损,磨蚀出凹痕wear off 逐渐减弱,渐渐消失run out 花光,用尽run out of 花光······,用尽······48 bowling n.保龄球运动音译:保龄。bowl碗,木球+-ing→bowling49 comedy n.喜剧;喜剧片;滑稽节目拆分:come+dy→来(come),看第一(dy)场“喜剧”(comedy)50 monthly adv. & adj.每月:每月- -次的n.月刊派生:month n.月,一个月的时间+-ly→monthly-ly除表示“以······方式,······地”(如happily)和构成形容词表示“具有······性质”(如 cowardly怯懦的,scholarly学者型的)之外,还可表示“每隔······时间”,再如hourly,daily,weekly)a monthly budget月度预算a monthly news digest每月新闻摘要the fashion monthlies 时装月刊类似单词:daily adv.&adj.每日;日常的n.日报weekly adv.&adj.每周;每周的n.周报;周刊yearly adv.&adj.每年;每年的51 enhance vt. 提高;增强;增进联想:en使+hance(音似:焊死)→使焊死→“增强”耐久度→enhance the reputation of the company提高公司声誉enhance one's reputation提高某人的声望enhance efficiency提高效率enhance friendship 增进友谊enhance the image 提升形象52 refresh v.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新派生:re-再,又+fresh adj.清新的;凉爽的→refresh vt.刷新,使恢复精力,使凉爽→get refreshed恢复精力;得到刷新refresh oneself使恢复精力;清醒头脑refresh the document 刷新文件refresh sb.'s memory使某人想起,唤起某人的回忆get refreshed变得精力充沛,得到刷新53 absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收构词:ab去掉,离去rb吸收→吸收掉→absorb v.吸收→吸引注意力→be absorbed in sth.全神贯注于某事be absorbed in集中注意力于拓“集中注意力于”的常见表达:be devoted topay attention toput one's heart intolose/bury oneself inconcentrate/fix/focus (one's attention)on54 Aristotle 亚里土多德(古希腊哲学家)55 People's Liberation Army (PLA]中国人民解放军56 Lao Zi老子(中国古代哲学家) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览