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东莞十中2023-2024学年第一学期第15周段考
高一英语试题
说明：1. 本试卷共4页，考试用时120分钟，满分150分；
2. 选择题请对照题号填涂答题卡，第二卷的非选择题答案写在答题卷上；
第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听力选择 (两段共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，每段播放前每小题有5秒钟的读题时间。请从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段对话，回答第1~2题。
1.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Husband and wife. B.Teacher and student. C.Brother and sister.
2. Which restaurant will they go to
A.The Blue Rose Restaurant. B.The Red Rose Restaurant. C. The Blue Moon Restaurant.
听第二段对话，回答第3～5题。
3. What does the man like to drink
A.Tea. B.Black coffee. C.White coffee.
4. Who makes salads for Jack every day
A.The woman. B.Jack's friend. C.Jack's wife.
5.What does Jack think will go perfectly with chicken
A.Rice. B. Salad C.Vegetables.
第二节 听取信息(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
听下面一段对话。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答 题卡标号为6~10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒钟的作答时间。
A Tour Guide Speech
Safety rules 1. Remain 6 until we reach the hotel. 2. Don't eat or drink on the bus. 3. Remember it is against the law to get 7 in public.
What to do in San Jose, Los Cabos Relax, sit by the beach, enjoy great 8 and feel very safe. Walk into town and enjoy the fountains or take a walk along the water. Go swimming in the ocean, enjoy entertainment and 9 .
When to arrive In about 10 .
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
OnX Offroad’s Guide to Ultimate(终极的) Adventure 2023
It’s almost time for Ultimate Adventure 2023! Here’s everything you’ll need to know about this year’s event.
What is the Ultimate Adventure
Ultimate Adventure is a yearly private four wheeling event hosted by the staff of Motor Trend that explores off-road worthy locations in the United States. Each year, the event moves to a new place, and participants(参与者) won’t know the route(路线) in advance. Participants are challenged with a roughly one-thousand-mile-long road trip where they are responsible for repairs and things necessary for completing the route with no outside help.
OnX Offroad’s Relationship With Ultimate Adventure 2023
As a past participant in Ultimate Adventure, OnX Offroad community manager Jake Rosaia knew he wanted the OnX Offroad to be a supporter of Ultimate Adventure in one form or another. So when the opportunity presented itself, the OnX team caught the chance. For 2023, OnX Offroad is once again a proud supporter for the fourth year in a row as the Official Mapping Tool of Ultimate Adventure. During the event, participants will receive route information for the day each morning through the OnX Offroad App.
Participant Requirements
All participants themselves must provide food, fuel and other things, along with having the ability to repair their vehicles.
All vehicles must have 35-inch-tall or larger tires(轮胎) with a full-size spare.
Ultimate Adventure Time
Dates: Sunday, September 24 to Sunday, October 1
TEL: 86597782
Everybody, be quick to join us!
1. What can we know about the Ultimate Adventure
A. It is a team event. B. It is held every four years.
C. OnX Offroad refuses to support its participants. D. Its route is kept secret before the event.
2. What is a requirement for the participants
A. They must be self-sufficient. B. They need to be over 35.
C. They must be repairmen. D. They need to sign up on September 24.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A news report. C. A poster. D. A diary.
B
Isatou Ceesay was born in 1972 in a small village in Gambia Africa. As a teenager, Ceesay was forced to drop out of school because of poverty. She carried some goods with many girls like her to sell in the market to raise herself. At that time, the plastic bags, being strong and light, became popular in Gambia. The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes. Over time, the houses were surrounded by trash.
Ceesay lived in such an environment for many years. She kept learning from the surrounding environment and planned to take action to change. In 1997, she started a recycling movement called One Plastic Bag in Gambia. She educated women in Gambia to recycle plastic waste into income for themselves. In the beginning, the movement had a mission to educate their village colleagues about the need to reuse garbage and recycle plastic waste, rather than letting the garbage increase behind their homes.
Over time, the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around. It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia. But the work of collecting trash turned to be taxing. During the rainy season, plastic waste became wet and difficult to take, and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed.
Ceesay said, “As a habit, people are used to pouring their garbage behind their houses, and because it is not visible, they forget it. But the bad effects again knock on your door very quickly-dirty air, various diseases and so on. Of course, if one man’s house is clean but his neighbor’s is not, then the man is also not healthy.”
For 17 years, Ceesay has contributed to one of the most important problems about the plastic waste. In 2012, she got the TIAW Difference Maker Award in Washington, D.C., United States. Her story was written into a book, which inspires many others to join or become makers of change in their own communities.
4. What can be learned about young Ceesay from Paragraph 1
A. She gave up the chance of going to school.
B. She had many friends good at doing business.
C. She sold strong and light plastic bags to support herself
D. She lived in an environment heavily polluted by plastic waste.
5. What can we infer about Ceesay’s recycling movement
A. It aimed to make full use of natural resources to get rich.
B. It was hard to carry on because of the shortage of workers.
C. It benefited both people’s economic situation and the environment.
D. It taught the villagers to replace plastic bags with handmade ones.
6. What does the underlined word “taxing” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Challenging. B. Pleasant. C. Dangerous. D. Successful.
7. What does Ceesay mainly intend to say in Paragraph 4
A. Bad habits are hard to remove once formed.
B. Garbage problems contribute greatly to climate change.
C. Valuing the relationship between neighbors is important.
D. Dealing with plastic waste is a shared responsibility in communities.
C
No matter how many steps you take each day, your health benefits add up. But those who take 7,000 steps a day may be adding years to their lives.
New research found that middle-aged adults who took that many steps daily were up to 70 percent less likely to die at a younger-than-expected age than were those whose movement total fewer than 7,000 steps a day. The study, which involved 2,110 middle-aged adults who wore a step-counting device and then were tracked for nearly 11 years, was published in the journal JAMA Network Open. How fast participants walked (referred to as their step intensity) did not affect their mortality risk. Rather, those who walked more lived longer. The researchers found, however, that taking more than 10,000 steps a day - the number often cited as a daily goal for health - produced no further drop in mortality risk.
Physical activity like walking is considered one of the most important things people can do to improve their well-being, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A former CDC director described physical activity as the closest thing we have to a wonder drug. Among its benefits, walking can reduce risk for high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and depression and it can help control weight and improve sleep. It is considered good for your bones, muscles heart and brain. Although walking is considered safe for most people, those who have any concerns should check with their doctor before launching any new physical activity routine. For adults generally, national guidelines focus on time spent on an activity rather than number of steps, recommending 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity activity, such as walking.
8. Based on the information in the passage, what might be a potential reason for the researchers’ focus on middle-aged adults
A. Middle-aged adults are more concerned about their health.
B. Middle-aged adults are at a higher risk of developing diseases.
C. Middle-aged adults are more likely to engage in regular physical activity.
D. Middle-aged adults have a higher mortality rate compared to other age groups.
9 What does the underlined phrase “their mortality risk” refer to
A. How long they could live.
B. What health benefits they got.
C. Whether physical activities worked for them.
D. Their chance to suffer from health problems.
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. Walking speed matters as much as how many steps one has taken.
B. The research spanned through the whole life of 2,110 middle-aged adults.
C. Walking more than 10.000 steps a day brings similar health benefits as 7,000.
D National guidelines offer the adults the recommendation on number of steps.
11. Which of the following is the appropriate headline for this passage
A. How to Extend Your Lifespan B. Walking and Its Restrictions
C. The Benefits of Physical Activities D. 7000 Steps Lengthens Your Life
D
Tomatoes are common in daily life. Cathie Martin, a British scientist, has been working on developing purple tomatoes for years. Though the color is unusual, now this special kind of tomatoes, which has gained approval from the US government, has very high levels of antioxidants(抗氧化剂).
Antioxidants, also known as AOS, are found naturally in plants like blueberries and red cabbage. Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes. But tomatoes naturally only have a small amount of AOS in them. Martin wanted to see if she could create tomatoes with lots of AOS by changing the DNA of a tomato plant.
A plant developed from specially created DNA is known as a GMO. After adding two genes(基因) from a plant called snapdragon, Martin soon found her plants were producing small purple tomatoes with lots of AOS. Martin and other scientists further tested the tomatoes on mice that were likely to get cancer. The mice that were fed the purple tomatoes lived about 30% longer than those fed normal tomatoes. Though that’s good news, experiments on mice don’t always predict what effects on humans will be like. We need to see more experiments about it.
GMOs were first allowed in America in the late 1990s. But GMO products weren’t popular with customers. Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren’t natural or safe. There’re still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment. However, scientists deny these claims.
Even so, many people still have concerns about them. Because of these concerns, most GMO products created over the last 20 years have focused on helping farmers rather than attracting customers.
Anyway, on September 7, 2022, the US approved the purple tomatoes, which is the first time it has approved a GMO plant designed to target human health.
12. What makes purple tomatoes really special
A. Their medical value. B. Their delicious flavor.
C. Their proper size. D. Their pleasant color.
13. What’s the author’s attitude to the test on the mice
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Concerned. D. Opposed.
14. What does the underlined word “so” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The environment affects GMO foods.
B The customers do not like GMO foods.
C. GMO products are used to help farmers.
D. Scientists think GMO products are safe.
15. What’s mainly talked about in the text
A. Different DNA can benefit plant growth.
B. Tomatoes with changed DNA are approved.
C. Scientists are changing DNA of crops.
D. Human health depends on changed DNA.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After hearing “I wish I’d known this when I was in Senior 1!” countless times by the end of the school year, my senior 3 class decided to leave behind some real advice for newcomers in senior high. ____16____ .
Get a planner
If I didn’t have a planner, ____17____ . I had a hard copy planner, and writing down my homework and activities helped me to stay organised. I could see everything I needed to do. I think it also makes a good impression when you’re talking to people and you pull out a planner. — Samantha
____18____
Be realistic about your future decisions. If you want to head to a top college, you need to start thinking and working for that immediately. And while that includes getting good grades, it’s not just about grades. You also have to take leadership positions because at last, that’s what makes you stand out. — Alondra
Work hard
When I was in junior high, a friend from senior high school told me I must concentrate on study and work hard from the minute I entered senior high. ____19____ .So many of my friends fell behind the first year because it was so different from junior high school. But I was ready because I got that advice, and I worked hard from day one. So listen to me, and you’ll be all set. — Edi
Be present
My advice for newcomers is to be present and live in the moment. Before you know it, high school’s over, and you can’t go back. There are no do-overs. ____20____ . — Riad
A. Keep it real
B. I listened to his advice
C. Get out of your comfort zone
D. Here is some of the great advice they shared
E. I would have never made it through high school
F. Live during your high school years so you have no regrets
G. Join clubs in which you have shared values with other students
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分37.5分）
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn’t ____21____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____22____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____23____ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____24____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____25____against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____26____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____27____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____28____ would be.
I couldn’t ____29____ the tornado any more. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a ____30____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____31____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____32____. I’m extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their ____33____ in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____34____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____35____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one.
21. A. paid B. searched C. accounted D. prepared
22. A. agency B. education C. emergency D. selection
23. A. suddenly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately
24. A. games B. trainings C. languages D. savings
25. A. mixed up B. stood out C. lined up D. spoken out
26. A. panic B. anger C. shame D. puzzle
27. A. encounter B. comfort C. satisfy D. praise
28. A. problem B. result C. success D. reason
29. A. hate B. expect C. see D. approach
30. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange
31. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. change
32. A. fortunate B. honest C. confident D. brave
33. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. growth
34. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal
35. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题纸标号为 46—55的相应位置。
36. I am really attracted to this scenic spot which has_______unique style. (用适当的词填空)
37. Remember, whenever you travel abroad, it is your country _______ you are representing. (用适当的词填空)
38. Hands-on, place-based study travels have become _______ (extreme) popular with middle school students. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39. If you take exercise regularly, you will become ________(slim) than before. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
40. Seeing her _______ (annoy) look , I decided to shut up and leave her alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. It took Cinderella several weeks to regain her _______ (strong) after a bad illness. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42. He managed to finish the marathon although he_______ (injure) his ankle before the race. (所给词的适当形式填空)
pared _______ its summer sibling, the Winter Olympics may not have huge stars but they share the same Olympic spirit. (用适当的词填空)
44. The damaged roads made _______ difficult to deliver food and supplies to those in need. (用适当词填空)
45. This is one of the worst natural ____________(disaster) ever to hit the area. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分42.5分）
第一节 句子考查 (共8小题：56--61，每空0.5 分 62-64 每小题3分，满分17.5分)
根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。
46. ______ ______ (如果……，会怎样) we don’t take action protect nature (根据汉语提示完成句子)
47. I don’t feel it right to______ ______ (评论) others’ lifestyle. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
48 It’s a pity that their friendship ______ ______ (破裂) and they turned against each other. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
49. The handmade “Lucky Doll”has enjoyed great popularity ______ ______ ______ ______(在国内外)and increased residents’ income. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
50. To be honest, the explanation in the report doesn’t______ ______ ______(讲得通) to me. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
51. As a world-class athlete, he has ______ ______ ______ ______(给……树立榜样) his fellows and followers. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
52. The villagers didn’t realize the earthquake happened until the earth began to shake.(改为强调句，并强调划线部分)
53. The reporter is interviewing a woman. The woman’s family survived the earthquake.(合并成定语从句)
54. 成功的秘诀之一是从失败中学习，不是吗？（用附加疑问句翻译）
第三节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
55. 假定你是李华，请你给正在生病的朋友交换生Tom写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
LiHua
听力：1-5 ACBCA
6. seated 7. drunk 8. meals 9. dancing 10. 15/fifteen minutes东莞十中2023-2024学年第一学期第15周段考
高一英语试题
说明：1. 本试卷共4页，考试用时120分钟，满分150分；
2. 选择题请对照题号填涂答题卡，第二卷的非选择题答案写在答题卷上；
第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听力选择 (两段共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，每段播放前每小题有5秒钟的读题时间。请从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段对话，回答第1~2题。
1.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Husband and wife. B.Teacher and student. C.Brother and sister.
2. Which restaurant will they go to
A.The Blue Rose Restaurant. B.The Red Rose Restaurant. C. The Blue Moon Restaurant.
听第二段对话，回答第3～5题。
3. What does the man like to drink
A.Tea. B.Black coffee. C.White coffee.
4. Who makes salads for Jack every day
A.The woman. B.Jack's friend. C.Jack's wife.
5.What does Jack think will go perfectly with chicken
A.Rice. B. Salad C.Vegetables.
第二节 听取信息(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
听下面一段对话。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答 题卡标号为6~10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒钟的作答时间。
A Tour Guide Speech
Safety rules 1. Remain 6 until we reach the hotel. 2. Don't eat or drink on the bus. 3. Remember it is against the law to get 7 in public.
What to do in San Jose, Los Cabos Relax, sit by the beach, enjoy great 8 and feel very safe. Walk into town and enjoy the fountains or take a walk along the water. Go swimming in the ocean, enjoy entertainment and 9 .
When to arrive In about 10 .
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
OnX Offroad’s Guide to Ultimate(终极的) Adventure 2023
It’s almost time for Ultimate Adventure 2023! Here’s everything you’ll need to know about this year’s event.
What is the Ultimate Adventure
Ultimate Adventure is a yearly private four wheeling event hosted by the staff of Motor Trend that explores off-road worthy locations in the United States. Each year, the event moves to a new place, and participants(参与者) won’t know the route(路线) in advance. Participants are challenged with a roughly one-thousand-mile-long road trip where they are responsible for repairs and things necessary for completing the route with no outside help.
OnX Offroad’s Relationship With Ultimate Adventure 2023
As a past participant in Ultimate Adventure, OnX Offroad community manager Jake Rosaia knew he wanted the OnX Offroad to be a supporter of Ultimate Adventure in one form or another. So when the opportunity presented itself, the OnX team caught the chance. For 2023, OnX Offroad is once again a proud supporter for the fourth year in a row as the Official Mapping Tool of Ultimate Adventure. During the event, participants will receive route information for the day each morning through the OnX Offroad App.
Participant Requirements
All participants themselves must provide food, fuel and other things, along with having the ability to repair their vehicles.
All vehicles must have 35-inch-tall or larger tires(轮胎) with a full-size spare.
Ultimate Adventure Time
Dates: Sunday, September 24 to Sunday, October 1
TEL: 86597782
Everybody, be quick to join us!
1. What can we know about the Ultimate Adventure
A. It is a team event. B. It is held every four years.
C. OnX Offroad refuses to support its participants. D. Its route is kept secret before the event.
2. What is a requirement for the participants
A. They must be self-sufficient. B. They need to be over 35.
C. They must be repairmen. D. They need to sign up on September 24.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A news report. C. A poster. D. A diary.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍《2023终极冒险》活动的有关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据What is the Ultimate Adventure 部分“Each year, the event moves to a new place, and participants(参与者) won’t know the route(路线) in advance. (每年，活动都会转移到一个新的地方，参与者不会提前知道路线。)”可知，在终极冒险活动中，路线在赛前是保密的。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Participants Requirements部分“All participants themselves must provide food, fuel and other things, along with having the ability to repair their vehicles. (所有参与者必须自己提供食物、燃料和其他东西，同时有能力修理车辆。)”可知，参赛者需要自给自足。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并根据Ultimate Adventure Time部分“TEL: 86597782 Everybody, be quick to join us! (电话：86597782大家快加入我们！)”可知，本文是介绍一场活动，邀请大家来参加，所以最有可能是一则海报。故选C。
B
Isatou Ceesay was born in 1972 in a small village in Gambia Africa. As a teenager, Ceesay was forced to drop out of school because of poverty. She carried some goods with many girls like her to sell in the market to raise herself. At that time, the plastic bags, being strong and light, became popular in Gambia. The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes. Over time, the houses were surrounded by trash.
Ceesay lived in such an environment for many years. She kept learning from the surrounding environment and planned to take action to change. In 1997, she started a recycling movement called One Plastic Bag in Gambia. She educated women in Gambia to recycle plastic waste into income for themselves. In the beginning, the movement had a mission to educate their village colleagues about the need to reuse garbage and recycle plastic waste, rather than letting the garbage increase behind their homes.
Over time, the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around. It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia. But the work of collecting trash turned to be taxing. During the rainy season, plastic waste became wet and difficult to take, and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed.
Ceesay said, “As a habit, people are used to pouring their garbage behind their houses, and because it is not visible, they forget it. But the bad effects again knock on your door very quickly-dirty air, various diseases and so on. Of course, if one man’s house is clean but his neighbor’s is not, then the man is also not healthy.”
For 17 years, Ceesay has contributed to one of the most important problems about the plastic waste. In 2012, she got the TIAW Difference Maker Award in Washington, D.C., United States. Her story was written into a book, which inspires many others to join or become makers of change in their own communities.
4. What can be learned about young Ceesay from Paragraph 1
A. She gave up the chance of going to school.
B. She had many friends good at doing business.
C. She sold strong and light plastic bags to support herself
D. She lived in an environment heavily polluted by plastic waste.
5. What can we infer about Ceesay’s recycling movement
A. It aimed to make full use of natural resources to get rich.
B. It was hard to carry on because of the shortage of workers.
C. It benefited both people’s economic situation and the environment.
D. It taught the villagers to replace plastic bags with handmade ones.
6. What does the underlined word “taxing” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Challenging. B. Pleasant. C. Dangerous. D. Successful.
7. What does Ceesay mainly intend to say in Paragraph 4
A. Bad habits are hard to remove once formed.
B. Garbage problems contribute greatly to climate change.
C. Valuing the relationship between neighbors is important.
D. Dealing with plastic waste is a shared responsibility in communities.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Isatou Ceesay受到自己生活环境的启发，组织One Plastic Bag活动，号召社区居民处理并回收利用塑料口袋，这既能帮助当地人增加收入同时对环境也有益。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“At that time, the plastic bags, being strong and light, became popular in Gambia. The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes. Over time, the houses were surrounded by trash.(当时，塑料袋结实轻便，在冈比亚流行起来。问题是人们没有重复使用塑料袋，而是直接把它们扔到房子后面。久而久之，房子被垃圾包围了)”可知， Ceesay年轻时生活在一个被废弃塑料袋严重污染的环境。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Over time, the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around. It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia. (随着时间的推移，这场运动变得越来越大，能够支持并为周围的女性提供收入。它还能够大大减少冈比亚的塑料垃圾)”推知，Ceesay回收运动既能帮助当地人增加收入同时对环境也有益。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“During the rainy season, plastic waste became wet and difficult to take, and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed.(在雨季，塑料垃圾变得潮湿，难以拿起，在那之后，它仍然需要耐心晾干才能进行处理)”可知，收集垃圾的工作变得困难了。由此猜测划线词意为“困难的”，与challenging意思相近。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Of course, if one man’s house is clean but his neighbor’s is not, then the man is also not healthy.(当然，如果一个人的房子干净，而他的邻居的房子不干净，那么这个人也不健康)”推知，Ceesay认为处理塑料垃圾是社区居民共同的责任。故选D。
C
No matter how many steps you take each day, your health benefits add up. But those who take 7,000 steps a day may be adding years to their lives.
New research found that middle-aged adults who took that many steps daily were up to 70 percent less likely to die at a younger-than-expected age than were those whose movement total fewer than 7,000 steps a day. The study, which involved 2,110 middle-aged adults who wore a step-counting device and then were tracked for nearly 11 years, was published in the journal JAMA Network Open. How fast participants walked (referred to as their step intensity) did not affect their mortality risk. Rather, those who walked more lived longer. The researchers found, however, that taking more than 10,000 steps a day - the number often cited as a daily goal for health - produced no further drop in mortality risk.
Physical activity like walking is considered one of the most important things people can do to improve their well-being, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A former CDC director described physical activity as the closest thing we have to a wonder drug. Among its benefits, walking can reduce risk for high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and depression and it can help control weight and improve sleep. It is considered good for your bones, muscles heart and brain. Although walking is considered safe for most people, those who have any concerns should check with their doctor before launching any new physical activity routine. For adults generally, national guidelines focus on time spent on an activity rather than number of steps, recommending 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity activity, such as walking.
8. Based on the information in the passage, what might be a potential reason for the researchers’ focus on middle-aged adults
A. Middle-aged adults are more concerned about their health.
B. Middle-aged adults are at a higher risk of developing diseases.
C. Middle-aged adults are more likely to engage in regular physical activity.
D. Middle-aged adults have a higher mortality rate compared to other age groups.
9. What does the underlined phrase “their mortality risk” refer to
A. How long they could live.
B. What health benefits they got.
C. Whether physical activities worked for them.
D. Their chance to suffer from health problems.
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. Walking speed matters as much as how many steps one has taken.
B. The research spanned through the whole life of 2,110 middle-aged adults.
C. Walking more than 10.000 steps a day brings similar health benefits as 7,000.
D. National guidelines offer the adults the recommendation on number of steps.
11. Which of the following is the appropriate headline for this passage
A. How to Extend Your Lifespan B. Walking and Its Restrictions
C. The Benefits of Physical Activities D. 7000 Steps Lengthens Your Life
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项新的研究发现每天走7000步能延长寿命以及散步的好处。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“New research found that middle-aged adults who took that many steps daily were up to 70 percent less likely to die at a younger-than-expected age than were those whose movement total fewer than 7,000 steps a day.(一项新的研究发现，每天走那么多步的中年人比每天走不到7000步的中年人死于比预期更早的年龄的可能性要低70%。)”可知，研究人员关注中年人的潜在原因是中年人患疾病的风险更高。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“New research found that middle-aged adults who took that many steps daily were up to 70 percent less likely to die at a younger-than-expected age than were those whose movement total fewer than 7,000 steps a day.(一项新的研究发现，每天走那么多步的中年人比每天走不到7000步的中年人死于比预期更早的年龄的可能性要低70%。)”以及“How fast participants walked (referred to as their step intensity) did not affect their mortality risk. Rather, those who walked more lived longer.(参与者走得多快（即他们的步数强度）并不影响他们的死亡风险。相反，走路多的人寿命更长。)”可知，走得快并不能降低早死的可能性，走得多的人才行，所以“their mortality risk”指的是他们能活多久。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“The researchers found, however, that taking more than 10,000 steps a day - the number often cited as a daily goal for health - produced no further drop in mortality risk.(然而，研究人员发现，每天走一万步以上——这个数字通常被认为是健康的日常目标——并没有进一步降低死亡风险。)”可知，每天步行超过1万步所带来的健康益处与每天步行7000步所带来的益处相似，故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。 根据第一段“No matter how many steps you take each day, your health benefits add up. But those who take 7,000 steps a day may be adding years to their lives.(无论你每天走多少步，你的健康益处都会累积起来。但是那些每天走7000步的人可能会延长寿命。)”以及第二段“New research found that middle-aged adults who took that many steps daily were up to 70 percent less likely to die at a younger-than-expected age than were those whose movement total fewer than 7,000 steps a day.(一项新的研究发现，每天走那么多步的中年人比每天走不到7000步的中年人死于比预期更早的年龄的可能性要低70%。)”和第三段中“Physical activity like walking is considered one of the most important things people can do to improve their well-being, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.(据美国疾病控制与预防中心称，像散步这样的体育活动被认为是人们可以做的最重要的事情之一，以改善他们的健康。)”可知，本文主要是在讲步行的好处，以及特别是每天7000步可以延长寿命，所以D项“7000 Steps Lengthens Your Life(7000步延年益寿)”是本文最好的标题。故选D。
D
Tomatoes are common in daily life. Cathie Martin, a British scientist, has been working on developing purple tomatoes for years. Though the color is unusual, now this special kind of tomatoes, which has gained approval from the US government, has very high levels of antioxidants(抗氧化剂).
Antioxidants, also known as AOS, are found naturally in plants like blueberries and red cabbage. Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes. But tomatoes naturally only have a small amount of AOS in them. Martin wanted to see if she could create tomatoes with lots of AOS by changing the DNA of a tomato plant.
A plant developed from specially created DNA is known as a GMO. After adding two genes(基因) from a plant called snapdragon, Martin soon found her plants were producing small purple tomatoes with lots of AOS. Martin and other scientists further tested the tomatoes on mice that were likely to get cancer. The mice that were fed the purple tomatoes lived about 30% longer than those fed normal tomatoes. Though that’s good news, experiments on mice don’t always predict what effects on humans will be like. We need to see more experiments about it.
GMOs were first allowed in America in the late 1990s. But GMO products weren’t popular with customers. Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren’t natural or safe. There’re still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment. However, scientists deny these claims.
Even so, many people still have concerns about them. Because of these concerns, most GMO products created over the last 20 years have focused on helping farmers rather than attracting customers.
Anyway, on September 7, 2022, the US approved the purple tomatoes, which is the first time it has approved a GMO plant designed to target human health.
12. What makes purple tomatoes really special
A Their medical value. B. Their delicious flavor.
C. Their proper size. D. Their pleasant color.
13. What’s the author’s attitude to the test on the mice
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Concerned. D. Opposed.
14. What does the underlined word “so” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The environment affects GMO foods.
B. The customers do not like GMO foods.
C. GMO products are used to help farmers.
D. Scientists think GMO products are safe.
15. What’s mainly talked about in the text
A. Different DNA can benefit plant growth.
B. Tomatoes with changed DNA are approved.
C. Scientists are changing DNA of crops.
D. Human health depends on changed DNA.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文属于说明文。一种新的紫色番茄在美国获得批准种植和销售。科学家通过改变这种番茄的DNA,增加了它们的抗氧化剂，使这种番茄可以保存更久，并有助于人们的健康。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Though the color is unusual, now this special kind of tomatoes, which has gained approval from the US government, has very high levels of antioxidants(抗氧化剂).(虽然颜色不同寻常，但现在这种特殊的西红柿已经获得了美国政府的批准，它含有很高的抗氧化剂)”以及第二段中“Scientists believe AOS may help prevent heart disease and help fight against diseases like diabetes. (科学家认为，AOS可能有助于预防心脏病，并有助于对抗糖尿病等疾病。)”可知，紫色番茄中含有抗氧化剂，抗氧化剂能够有助于对抗糖尿病等疾病。故紫色番茄的特殊之处在于它的医用价值。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Though that’s good news, experiments on mice don’t always predict what effects on humans will be the same. We need to see more experiments about it.”（虽然这是个好消息，但在老鼠身上进行的实验并不总是能预测对人类的影响是一样的。我们需要看到更多关于它的实验。）可知，作者对此实验目前心存怀疑。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。第四段提到“But GMO products weren’t popular with customers. Many people were scared by the idea that the foods weren’t natural or safe. There’re still questions about the effects of GMO crops on the environment. However, scientists deny these claims.（转基因产品并不受消费者欢迎，许多人被这些食物不天然或不安全的想法吓到了。转基因作物对环境的影响也仍然受到质疑。然而，科学家们否认了这些说法。）”再结合该词后面的“many people have concerns about them（很多人还是很担心这个问题）”，可推知这里指的是：即使科学家认为转基因食物是安全的，但是很多人对此仍然很担心，故划线词so指代的是前文的科学家们对转基因食物是会对环境造成影响的，以及转基因食物是不天然或者不安全的说法进行了否定，即科学家认为转基因产品是安全的。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段讲述了转基因西红柿相较普通西红柿的优势；第二段提到科学家马丁通过改变番茄基因，让番茄含有大量的抗氧化剂，第三段提到马丁通过实验证明了这种番茄保质期更长。后面几段提到，虽然公众对转基因产品仍持怀疑态度，但这种番茄在美国最终还是获得了批准种植和销售。标题“Tomatoes with changed DNA are approved.（转基因西红柿批准上市）”符合文意，故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After hearing “I wish I’d known this when I was in Senior 1!” countless times by the end of the school year, my senior 3 class decided to leave behind some real advice for newcomers in senior high. ____16____ .
Get a planner
If I didn’t have a planner, ____17____ . I had a hard copy planner, and writing down my homework and activities helped me to stay organised. I could see everything I needed to do. I think it also makes a good impression when you’re talking to people and you pull out a planner. — Samantha
____18____
Be realistic about your future decisions. If you want to head to a top college, you need to start thinking and working for that immediately. And while that includes getting good grades, it’s not just about grades. You also have to take leadership positions because at last, that’s what makes you stand out. — Alondra
Work hard
When I was in junior high, a friend from senior high school told me I must concentrate on study and work hard from the minute I entered senior high. ____19____ .So many of my friends fell behind the first year because it was so different from junior high school. But I was ready because I got that advice, and I worked hard from day one. So listen to me, and you’ll be all set. — Edi
Be present
My advice for newcomers is to be present and live in the moment. Before you know it, high school’s over, and you can’t go back. There are no do-overs. ____20____ . — Riad
A. Keep it real
B. I listened to his advice
C. Get out of your comfort zone
D. Here is some of the great advice they shared
E. I would have never made it through high school
F. Live during your high school years so you have no regrets
G. Join clubs in which you have shared values with other students
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向高一新生提出了几条建议，帮助他们顺利完成高中学业。
【16题详解】
上文“After hearing “I wish I’d known this when I was in Senior 1!” countless times by the end of the school year, my senior 3 class decided to leave behind some real advice for newcomers in senior high.(在学年结束时听到“我希望我在高一的时候就知道这些！”时，我的高三学生决定给高中新生留下一些真正的建议。)”提到作者的高三学生要给高中新生留下一些建议，根据下文“Get a planner(做出规划)”，“Work hard(努力学习)”，“Be present(活在当下)”可知，下文每段是具体建议，由此可知，空处应该承上启下，D项“Here is some of the great advice they shared(以下是他们分享的一些好建议)”符合，故选D。
【17题详解】
上文“If I didn’t have a planner,(如果我没有计划,)”是if引导的条件状语从句，这是一种与现在相反的假设，由下文“I had a hard copy planner, and writing down my homework and activities helped me to stay organised. I could see everything I needed to do.( 我有一个硬拷贝计划，写下我的家庭作业和活动帮助我保持有条理。我能看到我需要做的一切。)”可知，“我”实际上有规划，由此可知，空处应该将如果“我”没有计划，会是什么样的，E项“I would have never made it through high school(我就不可能读完高中)”符合，是与现在事实相反的一种假设，故选E。
【18题详解】
此处是本段小标题，根据本段内容“Be realistic about your future decisions. If you want to head to a top college, you need to start thinking and working for that immediately. And while that includes getting good grades, it’s not just about grades. You also have to take leadership positions because at last, that’s what makes you stand out. — Alondra(对你未来的决定要现实一点。如果你想进入一所顶尖的大学，你需要立即开始思考并为之努力。虽然这包括取得好成绩，但这不仅仅是成绩的问题。你还必须担任领导职务，因为最终，这才是你脱颖而出的原因。——Alondra)”可知，本段主要讲的是要现实一些，A项“Keep it real(要现实)”能概括本段内容，故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“When I was in junior high, a friend from senior high school told me I must concentrate on study and work hard from the minute I entered senior high.(当我上初中的时候，一个高中的朋友告诉我，从进入高中的那一刻起，我必须集中精力学习和努力学习。)”提到“我”的朋友在“我”刚上高中时，给“我”的建议，结合下文“But I was ready because I got that advice, and I worked hard from day one. So listen to me, and you’ll be all set.(但我已经准备好了，因为我得到了那个建议，我从第一天起就努力学习。听我说，你会没事的。)”可知，“我”听从了朋友的建议，由此可知，空处应该承上启下，B项“I listened to his advice(我听从了他的建议)”符合，故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“My advice for newcomers is to be present and live in the moment. Before you know it, high school’s over, and you can’t go back. There are no do-overs. (我对新生的建议是活在当下，活在当下。在你意识到之前，高中就结束了，你再也回不去了。没有重来的机会。)”提到，要建议新生活在当下，空处应该承接上文，指出这么做的好处，F项“Live during your high school years so you have no regrets(好好度过你的高中生活，这样你就不会有遗憾)”符合，故选F。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分37.5分）
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn’t ____21____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____22____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____23____ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____24____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____25____against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____26____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____27____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____28____ would be.
I couldn’t ____29____ the tornado any more. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a ____30____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____31____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____32____. I’m extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their ____33____ in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____34____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____35____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one.
21. A. paid B. searched C. accounted D. prepared
22. A. agency B. education C. emergency D. selection
23. A. suddenly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately
24. A. games B. trainings C. languages D. savings
25 A. mixed up B. stood out C. lined up D. spoken out
26. A. panic B. anger C. shame D. puzzle
27. A. encounter B. comfort C. satisfy D. praise
28. A. problem B. result C. success D. reason
29. A. hate B. expect C. see D. approach
30. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange
31. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. change
32. A. fortunate B. honest C. confident D. brave
33. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. growth
34. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal
35. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了工作中突遇龙卷风来袭，学生们有序避难，以及通过这次事件得出的感慨。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。设空处与for构成短语，A. paid for支付；B. searched for寻找；C. accounted for导致；D. prepared for为……做准备。根据上文的“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. (几个月前，一场龙卷风猛烈袭击了我们的城市，之前没有任何迹象)”和下文的“in advance”可知，因为龙卷风来前没有任何迹象，所以没有提前做准备。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. agency机构；B. education教育；C. emergency紧急；D. selection选择。因为没有提前做出应对龙卷风的准备，所以只能采取紧急行动。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到警报声，我立即尽可能快地赶回了教室。A. suddenly突然；B. finally最终；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即。龙卷风来袭，警报响起，由此语境可知，作者立刻跑回教室。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没想过我们的日常培训会派上用场。A. games游戏；B. trainings训练；培训；C. languages语言；D. savings存款。根据下文学生们有序地靠墙避难的行动可知，他们平时进行过演练。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我的学生们会靠着墙排成一排，跪下来。A. mixed up混淆；B. stood out突出；C. lined up排成行；D. spoken out说出。根据避难的常识及“against the wall靠着墙”可知，学生们靠着墙排成一行。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们询问父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼里显然充满了恐慌。A. panic恐慌；B. anger生气；C. shame羞耻；D. puzzle谜。由龙卷风来袭及学生们担心家人朋友的语境可知，他们是感到害怕惊慌的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter遭遇；B. comfort安慰；C. satisfy使满意；D. praise表扬。因为学生们感到恐慌，所以老师们对他们进行安慰。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. problem问题；B. result结果；C. success成功；D. reason原因。因为龙卷风正在来袭，老师们也无法得知会造成什么样的后果。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很讨厌龙卷风。A. hate讨厌；B. expect期待；C. see看到；D. approach接近。根据后一句中的However转折和“I’m very proud of my students who performed so well”可知，作者讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为表现超越了他们的年龄。A. simple简单的；B. ideal理想的；C. scary恐怖的；D. strange奇怪的。根据龙卷风的特性可知，它是危险可怕的。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地遵循指示。A. follow遵循；听从；B. provide提供；C. repeat重复；D. change改变。根据下文的“instructions指示”可知，“follow遵循；听从”符合句意。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然有泪水在滴落，心跳紧张地加快，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. fortunate幸运的；B. honest诚实的；C. confident自信的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“they struggled to calm down(他们努力冷静下来)”可知，面对龙卷风正在来袭，学生们是勇敢的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常自豪，他们努力地冷静下来源于对我的信任。A. trust信任；B. pride骄傲；C. interest兴趣；D. growth成长。根据作者是一名教师的身份可知，“trust信任”符合句意，学生们能够冷静下来是因为对老师的信任，呼应第14空的后的“trust”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一个品行端正的学生背后，都有许许多多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward奖励；B. power能力；C. wisdom智慧；D. goal目标。根据下文的“to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust(用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育他们)”可知，这是老师教育的目标。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够一一应对。A. chances机会；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures优势；D. discussions讨论。根据后半句“I’m sure we can handle them one by one.(但我相信我们能够一一应对)”可知，人们应对的是挑战，“challenges挑战”符合句意。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题纸标号为 46—55的相应位置。
36. I am really attracted to this scenic spot which has_______unique style. (用适当词填空)
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：我真的被这个独特风格的景点所吸引。style是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且unique是以辅音音素开头，故填a。
37. Remember, whenever you travel abroad, it is your country _______ you are representing. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：记住，无论任何时候你出国旅行时，你代表的是你的国家。分析句子可知，此处是强调句型“It be+被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时可用who)+其他”，本句中被强调部分是宾语“your country”，故填that。
38. Hands-on, place-based study travels have become _______ (extreme) popular with middle school students. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：亲身实践、基于地点的学习旅行在中学生中非常受欢迎。空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，故填extremely。
39. If you take exercise regularly, you will become ________(slim) than before. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】slimmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你经常锻炼，你会变得比以前更苗条。根据“take exercise regularly”和“than before”可推知，此处表示“变得比以前更苗条”，空处应用形容词slim的比较级slimmer，意为“更苗条的”。故填slimmer。
40. Seeing her _______ (annoy) look , I decided to shut up and leave her alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】annoyed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到她生气的样子，我决定闭嘴，让她一个人呆着。表示人因为愤怒而发出的表情，用ed结尾的形容词作定语。故填annoyed。
41. It took Cinderella several weeks to regain her _______ (strong) after a bad illness. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一场大病过后，Cinderella花了几个星期才恢复体力。空处应填名词作regain的宾语，strength“力量，体力”，不可数名词，故填strength。
42. He managed to finish the marathon although he_______ (injure) his ankle before the race. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had injured
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管赛前脚踝受了伤，他还是设法跑完了马拉松。根据句意以及before the race，可知“受伤”发生在“设法完成马拉松”之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had injured。
pared _______ its summer sibling, the Winter Olympics may not have huge stars but they share the same Olympic spirit. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】with##to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：与夏季奥运会相比，冬季奥运会可能没有巨星，但它们有着同样的奥运精神。结合句意可知，此处指“与……相比”，用动词短语compare with/to...，为固定搭配。故填with或to。
44. The damaged roads made _______ difficult to deliver food and supplies to those in need. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查it用法。句意：毁坏的道路使向有需要的人运送食物和物资变得困难。分析句子可知，空处应填it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语“to deliver food and supplies to those in need”，故填it。
45. This is one of the worst natural ____________(disaster) ever to hit the area. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】disasters
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是该地区有史以来最严重的自然灾害之一。结合one of，用可数名词disaster的复数形式。故填disasters。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分42.5分）
第一节 句子考查 (共8小题：56--61，每空0.5 分 62-64 每小题3分，满分17.5分)
根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。
46. ______ ______ (如果……，会怎样) we don’t take action protect nature (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. What ②. if
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：如果我们不采取行动保护自然会怎样？“如果……，会怎样”用固定句型What if... ，该句型中if引导条件状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What if。
47 I don’t feel it right to______ ______ (评论) others’ lifestyle. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. comment ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我感觉评论别人的生活方式是不对的。根据汉语提示可知，comment on sth“评论某事”，空前的to是不定式符号，故空处用动词原形，故填①comment②on。
48. It’s a pity that their friendship ______ ______ (破裂) and they turned against each other. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. fell ②. apart
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语及时态。句意：很遗憾，他们的友谊破裂了，他们反目成仇。设空处在that引导的从句中作谓语，根据汉语提示可知，动词短语fall apart“破裂”符合句意，结合句中的“turned”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填①fell；②apart。
49. The handmade “Lucky Doll”has enjoyed great popularity ______ ______ ______ ______(在国内外)and increased residents’ income. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. at ②. home ③. and ④. abroad
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：手工制作的“幸运娃娃”在国内外大受欢迎，增加了居民的收入。空缺处为句子的状语部分，根据汉语提示，短语at home and abroad意为“在国内外”符合题意。故填at home and abroad。
50. To be honest, the explanation in the report doesn’t______ ______ ______(讲得通) to me. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. make ②. any ③. sense
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：老实说，我认为这篇报告中的解释没有一点意义。分析句子，该空需要一个动词短语与助动词doesn't一起做谓语，根据汉语提示可知，动词短语make sense意为“讲的通”，在否定句中填make any sense符合语境。故填make any sense。
51. As a world-class athlete, he has ______ ______ ______ ______(给……树立榜样) his fellows and followers. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. set ②. an ③. example ④. for
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：作为一名世界级的运动员，他为他的同伴和追随者树立了榜样。根据汉语提示可知，set an example for给……树立榜样，固定短语，结合空前的“has”可知，句子是现在完成时，空处应填过去分词，故填①set②an③example④for。
52. The villagers didn’t realize the earthquake happened until the earth began to shake.(改为强调句，并强调划线部分)
【答案】It was not until the earth began to shake that the villagers began to realize the earthquake happened.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到大地开始摇晃，村民们才意识到地震发生了。此处对not…until…句式进行强调时应将not置于被强调部分里面，句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that + 其它部分，事情发生在过去，因此强调句用was。故改为It was not until the earth began to shake that the villagers began to realize the earthquake happened.
53. The reporter is interviewing a woman. The woman’s family survived the earthquake.(合并成定语从句)
【答案】The reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake.##The reporter is interviewing a woman, the family of whom survived the earthquake.##The reporter is interviewing a woman, of whom the family survived the earthquake.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：记者正在采访一位家庭在地震中幸存下来的妇女。分析句子可知，原句中第二个句子可改写为定语从句，修饰先行词woman，关系词在从句中作定语，和family之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导，故可合并为The reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake.；表示所属关系也可用介词of表达，故第二个分句也可用“the family of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词woman指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom，故可合并为The reporter is interviewing a woman, the family of whom survived the earthquake.；也可改为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，即The reporter is interviewing a woman, of whom the family survived the earthquake.，故答案为The reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake./The reporter is interviewing a woman, the family of whom survived the earthquake./The reporter is interviewing a woman, of whom the family survived the earthquake.
54. 成功的秘诀之一是从失败中学习，不是吗？（用附加疑问句翻译）
【答案】One of the secrets to success is learning from failure, isn’t it
【解析】
【详解】考查反意疑问句。本句是反意疑问句，“……之一”使用固定短语one of，后接可数名词复数，“成功的秘诀”使用固定搭配secrets to success，“从……中学习”使用动词短语learn from，“失败”使用不可数名词failure，句子是描述客观真理，应用一般现在时，主语“One of the secrets to success”表示单数意义，be动词用is，用动名词作表语，故陈述部分译为One of the secrets to success is learning from failure，为肯定句，故附加疑问部分用否定形式isn’t，主语表示单数意义，用代词it指代，故翻译为：One of the secrets to success is learning from failure, isn’t it 。
第三节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
55. 假定你是李华，请你给正在生病的朋友交换生Tom写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.
Recently you have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise, which from my perspective is really harmful to your health. Thus, I feel it would be beneficial to your health if you could work out on a regular basis. In fact, exercise can both contribute to your physical health and refresh your mind. Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or falling ill. Besides, doing exercise with your friends or family members is also a good idea, as it apparently serves as a good opportunity to avoid feeling cut off from the people you care about, promoting good personal relationships and therefore enhance your mental health.
In a word, exercise is as useful and important as your study. Hope my suggestions will be of some help to you.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给正在生病的朋友交换生Tom写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
【详解】1.词汇积累
全神贯注的：absorbed→occupied
在我看来：from my perspective→from where I stand
改善：enhance→improve
有益的：beneficial→of benefit
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： In fact, exercise can both contribute to your physical health and refresh your mind.
拓展句： In fact, it is exercise that can both contribute to your physical health and refresh your mind.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Recently you have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise, which from my perspective is really harmful to your health. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or falling ill. (运用了部分倒装)
听力：1-5 ACBCA
6. seated 7. drunk 8. meals 9. dancing 10. 15/fifteen minutes

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