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Unit 3 Fit for life —2023-2024学年高二英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册期末复习敲重点
学习目标整合
知识目标 1. 通过跳读、细读,归纳语篇(网站文章)的小标题，了解文本的主要信息和细节信息,培养学生获取文字信息的能力。 2. 确定动词现在完成进行时形式；总结现在完成进行时的用法。 3. 能在口头、书面表达中介绍针灸的相关知识。
能力目标 1. 了解后缀-(t)ics/-(o)logy,-(t)ic/-alist/-ian 的意思,学习运用后缀作为记忆辅助手段;学习as作为连词的连接功能，尝试将两个简单句改成复合句。 2. 使用正确的时态完成相关的任务。 3. 了解小册子的制作方法，学习急救知识和常识，在生活中正确地运用。
情感目标 1. 理性看待基因组编辑技术，坚持科学精神。 2. 在新的语境中使用现在完成进行时。 3. 了解中医为中华民族繁衍昌盛做出的巨大贡献，肯定中医的价值，坚定文化自信，传播和发扬中华优秀传统文化。
思维导图回顾知识
重难知识易混易错
1. 独立主格
(1)独立主格结构的定义
独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。独立主格结构由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或代词后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词或分词)、形容词、副词或介词短语等,前后两部分之间具有一定的逻辑关系。
(2)独立主格结构的形式
①名词/主格代词+现在分词(名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是逻辑上的主动关系)
The girl staring at him ( = As the girl stared at him ) , he didn't know what to say.
那个姑娘盯着他,他不知道说什么好。
②名词/主格代词 +过去分词(名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是逻辑
上的被动关系)
The problems solved ( = As the problems were solved ) , the quality has been improved.
随着问题的解决,质量已经有所提高。
③名词/主格代词+不定式(名词/主格代词与不定式之间是逻辑上的主动关系,且强调的是一次性的、具体要去做的动作)
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
借助于一些旧零件,他要做一个飞机模型。
④名词/主格代 +形容词/副词/介词短语
He put on his sweater, wrong side out.
他把毛衣穿反了。
2. 现在完成进行时
构成：主语+ have/has been +动词的现在分词+其他成分
基本用法：
现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，其动作可能刚刚停止，也可能继续下去。该时态多用于延续性动词，如live，learn，lie，stay，sit，wait，stand，rest，study等，并常和all this time，this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently 等状语以及由since和for构成的时间状语（从句）连用，与since和for连用时，常表示动作会继续下去。
I have been waiting for an hour and he still hasn't turned up.
我已经等了一个小时了，可他还没出现。（动作还在继续进行）
I've been writing letters all this morning.
我写了一上午信。（动作可能会继续下去，也可能刚停止）
We have been looking for you for an hour.我们找了你一个小时。（动作刚停止）
She has been teaching English since she graduated.
她毕业后一直在教英语。（动作还在继续进行）
We have been going over maths these days.
我们这些天一直在复习数学。（动作还在继续进行）
注意：
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别
①现在完成进行时表示的动作很可能持续下去，强调动作的延续性；而现在完成时通常表示动作已经完成，强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
②有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复；而现在完成时一般不表示重复的动作。这时现在完成进行时可用于非延续性动词。
You have been saying for a year that you will study abroad.
整整一年你都在说要出国留学。
③现在完成进行时往往带有某种感彩：而现在完成时通常说明事实，表述平铺直叙。
He's been working too hard.
他工作太努力了。
【例题】
一、
According to a recent study, a new kind of genetically modified(转基因的) rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS.
The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins(蛋白质) that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process keeps the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.
The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those is in developing countries. Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.
The new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers say the "groundbreaking" discovery is "realistically the only way" that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world.
They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine.
The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to human bodies.
1.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The terrible situations of HIV infections.
B. The rapid development of Africa.
C. The practical ways to cure AIDS.
D. The efforts made by the United Nations.
2.How will the rice be used at the lowest cost
A. By transforming it into proteins. B. By processing it into a cream.
C. By attaching it to the HIV virus. D. By adding it to an oral drug.
3.What can we know about the genetic engineering process
A. It won't produce dangerous chemicals.
B. It has produced dangerous chemicals.
C. It is intended for the developed world.
D. It requires further testing to ensure the safety.
4.From which is the text probably taken
A. A biology textbook. B. A first aid brochure.
C. A social web page. D. A health magazine.
二、
Concussion(脑震荡) happens when the brain is shaken, often in a car crash or a fall or a strike to the head in sports. Concussion can be mild, but doctors may order a CT scan to look for a more serious injury. CT provides a detailed image of the brain. But a recent study warned that ①_____.
A national team led by two doctors at the University of California, Davis, studied hospital records from thousands of children with head injuries. They found that in many cases, ②_____.
The researchers have developed rules to predict if a head injury is serious enough for a scan. For children under two, doctors would advise them against it if there are normal mental activities, no swelling in the back of the head, no feeling of a broken bone in the skull and ③_____. Doctors should also consider how the child was injured and whether the parents say the child is acting normally.
For patients from two to eighteen, ④_____.
Earlier this year, British Journal of Sports Medicine published new guidelines for concussion in children and teens. International experts said ⑤_____. The brain also needs a "rest", they say, by restricting activities like video games, texting and watching TV. The experts say young people often take longer than adults to recover from concussion.
A. no bleeding from the wounds
B. no loss of consciousness for more than five seconds
C. lying in bed with any movement should be the best way
D. they should not return to sports or school until fully recovered
E. more children than necessary are being exposed to radiation this way
F. the guidelines are similar—except there should be no loss of consciousness
G. the risk of developing cancer from the radiation outweighed the risk of a serious brain injury
三、
Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities. As is well-known to you, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives, and our own ①_____(person) genome contains information ②_____ helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. As a result, geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is ③_____ effective means of disease treatment and prevention. In the near future, it will serve as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, ④_____(lead) to a fundamental change in our approach to health care. However, with the technology continuing to develop at a fast pace, ⑤_____(question) arise about how to use it ⑥_____(appropriate). Genome editing also brings us some moral problems. Therefore, many people have all started ⑦_____(wrestle) with such issues. We have to find out how to keep the technology from running wild. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work ⑧_____ our advantage. If we didn't have them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. In a word, there ⑨_____(be) still much to be explored and debated on genome editing. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the ⑩_____(great) innovations in the history of science.
核心素养对接高考
【2023年广东模拟】
Your child is unique, but what all children have in common is natural curiosity and an ability to learn they are born with. Our brains are active all the time, and a baby's brain is the busiest of all. Research has shown that babies begin to understand language about twice as fast as they actually speak it. By showing children other languages at an early age, you are giving them the opportunity to make use of their natural ability to hear and recognize between the sounds of other languages, and their ability to make sense of what they are hearing.
Communication is something that children do to help them achieve something else, and they are unaware of the large amount of learning taking place. They take everything in through their senses, making connections between what they hear, see, smell, taste and touch. As long as we provide the right conditions, their learning and development will take place in a natural way.
In your child's early years, the emotional environment is just as important as the physical environment. Children learn when they feel safe, happy, valued and listened to. This is central to any learning experience in a child's early years, including learning an additional language. Your child has a trial-and-error approach to its development, and making mistakes is a valuable part of the learning process. When children learn an additional language at an early age, they get the benefits of experimenting with that language as a natural part of their development. Their progress isn't prevented by a fear of getting it wrong, and very young children are simply working their way towards getting it right.
The long-term benefits of learning another language go beyond being able to communicate with others. Studies suggest that children learning an additional language tend to score better on standardized tests because learning languages develops listening, observation, problem-solving and critical(批判性的) thinking skills. These are skills that are of life-long benefit, both personally and professionally. Encouraging in children a love of language at an early age prepares them well for school and for life.
1.What do we know about Children according to Paragraph 1
A. Children are busy playing.
B. Children are born to speak.
C. Children are good at speaking native language.
D. Children have a better ability to learn other languages.
2.While learning a language, children __________.
A. speak to themselves B. need to have language classes
C. make use of their different senses D. notice how much they have learned
3.Children learn when they __________.
A. are in bad emotion B. do not make mistakes
C. learn from their mistakes D. are taught by their teachers
4.In fact learning another language helps children to _________.
A. take more tests
B. have a good time
C. encourage themselves
D. develop life-long skills
【2023年广东模拟】
The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open-air shopping where street vendors(小贩) take over a designated street to set up stalls. The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls pick up some items and enjoy the smell of local foods.
Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. ①_______ Hence, there is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit. You can even be addicted to the treasure hunt of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets.
The night markets are typically from 5 p. m. till 10:30 p. m. You can buy anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p. m, the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables. ②_______.
It is no secret that all - night markets share a common treasure- tasty street cuisine. ③_______ Thirst-quenchers like the ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
④_______ It is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle, but to many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. It is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive. ⑤_______.
A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here.
B. There is so much to see, buy and eat.
C. People would complain about the noises here.
D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.
E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes.
F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends.
G. Dried and preserved items such as dried shrimp and salted eggs are available here too.
【2023年河南许昌模拟】
Recently, a 70-year-old woman has won hearts with her energetic workouts on Douyin- -a social networking video platform, also known globally as TikTok, where men and women commonly show their working out or share 1 tips.
Trying to stand out from the crowd amid the floods of such videos can often be difficult, but a/an 2 new account, which has only been active since last year, has 3 to do so easily.
The fitness instructor behind this account is not a young woman with a slim, well-built 4 that would leave viewers green with 5 . The star here is 70-year-old Chen Jifang, a Shanghai resident with 3 million likes on her Douyin videos. She was once even 6 on a reality show on China Central Television.
According to her trainer, who helped to manage the Douyin account, Chen attracted more than 400,000 7 within just a few months. “The main group that I wanted to encourage was people aged 30 to 50,” says Chen. “I think they will be 8 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can also achieve something in the gym. The message I want to 9 is that it is never too late to 10 good health.” For Chen, her 11 for exercising was born out of a need 12 desire to become famous.
According to Chen, her health had been 13 since she was a child. “In the past, whenever I felt uncomfortable, I would lie at home for an entire day,” says Chen, who used to be a saleswoman in a local food company before retirement. She 14 had to give up her job after giving birth to her daughter because her health was severely affected by the pregnancy.
“We cannot stop aging 15 exercise can slow it down, she says. “Instead of spending money on medicine, it is better to spend money on fitness.”
1.A. diet B. video C. fitness D. fashion
2.A. partly B. roughly C. extensively D. relatively
3.A. managed B. happened C. offered D. hoped
4.A. state B. condition C. muscle D. figure
5.A. envy B. fancy C. respect D. admiration
6.A. presented B. described C. featured D. Displayed
7.A. friends B. followers C. instructors D. observers
8.A. motivated B. entertained C. determined D. moved
9.A. express B. convey C. carry D. leave
10.A. enjoy B. monitor C. deserve D. pursue
11.A. wish B. passion C. appeal D. preference
12.A. more than B. other than C. instead of D. regardless of
13.A. poor B. sick C. sound D. stable
14.A. mostly B. rather C. never D. even
15.A. as B. but C. until D. before
答案以及解析
【例题】
一、
1.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中"...worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017... Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS..."可知,本段说明了全球HIV病毒感染的严峻现状。故选A,B项“非洲的快速发展”;C项“治疗艾滋病的切实可行的方法”;D项“联合国所做的努力”。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句"They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin."可知,研究人员认为最简单且最节约成本的方式就是把这种大米加工成膏,涂在皮肤上。故选B。A项“通过把它转化成蛋白质”;C项“通过把它附着在HIV病毒上”;D项“通过把它添加到口服药物中”。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句"The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to human bodies."可知,科学家们认为还需要做进一步测试,以确保基因工程过程的安全性。故选D。A项“它不会产生危险的化学物质”,B项“它产生了危险的化学物质”,由文章最后一段中的最后一句可知,是否产生有害的化学物质是有待确定的事;C项“它是为发达国家设计的”,由文章的第三段和第四段的首句可排除。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据主旨段第一段提到的"According to a recent study, a new kind of genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV"可知,文章主要介绍了一项科学研究,该研究与一种可以防止感染HIV病毒的新型转基因大米有关,其话题与健康相关。由此可以推断,文章可能是选自健康杂志。故选D,A项“一本生物教材”;B项“一本急救手册”;C项“一个社交网页”。
二、
答案：EGBFD
解析：①由空前的CT provides a detailed image of the brain. But a recent study warned that可知, But表转折, 上一句说CT的好处, 那么下一句应该讲CT对儿童的坏处, 由常识可知, CT有辐射, E选项"许多的儿童正以这种方式受到不必要的辐射"切题。故选E。
②空前句意为: 加州大学戴维斯分校的两名医生领导的国家团队研究了数千名头部受伤儿童的医院记录。他们发现, 在很多情况下...... 由此可知, 本段主要讲对数千名头部受伤儿童的医院记录的研究, 本空应该填详细的研究结果, 即人们常说的辐射可能致癌, G选项"辐射导致癌症的风险大于严重脑损伤的风险"切题。故选G。
③由空前的For children under two, doctors would advise them against it if there are normal mental activities, no swelling in the back of the head, no feeling of a broken bone in the skull and可知, 本处讲儿童不需要进行CT检查的情况, 包括有正常的精神活动, 头的后部没有肿块、没有颅骨骨折的感觉。B选项"意识丧失不超过5秒"也是不需要使用CT的情况, 切题。故选B。
④由第四段中的For patients from two to eighteen可知, 本段承接第三段所讲的儿童不需要进行CT检查的情况, 这些判断标准也适用于2岁到18岁的病人, F选项"这些指导原则是相似的, 除了(2岁到18岁的患者)不能失去意识"切题。故选F。
⑤由上一句Earlier this year, British Journal of Sports Medicine published new guidelines for concussion in children and teens.和下两句The brain also needs a "rest", they say, by restricting activities like video games, texting and watching TV. The experts say young people often take longer than adults to recover from concussion.(他们说, 大脑也需要通过限制诸如电子游戏、发短信和看电视等活动来 "休息"。专家们说年轻人通常比成年人要花更长的时间才能从脑震荡中恢复过来。)可知, 大脑需要休息, 应该少进行需要用脑的活动, 儿童和青少年脑震荡后, 需要时间康复, 之后才能运动或回校上学, D选项"直到完全康复, 他们才可以运动或回学校"切题。故选D。
三、
答案：①personal②that/which③an④leading⑤questions⑥appropriately⑦to wrestle⑧to⑨is⑩greatest
解析：①考查形容词。设空处修饰名词genome,应用形容词personal,意为“个人的”。
②考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词information,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,应用that或which。
③考查冠词。means意为“方式,方法”,为可数名词,单复数同形。根据语境可知,此处表泛指,指“一种有效的方式”,形容词effective以元音音素开头。故填an。
④考查现在分词。空处表示前面造成的自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。
⑤考查名词复数。question意为“问题”时为可数名词,前面没有限定词,其后谓语动词是复数形式,此处应用名词复数形式。
⑥考查副词。设空处修饰动词use,作状语。故用副词。
⑦考查不定式。start to do sth.表示“开始做某事”。
⑧考查介词。work to one's advantage意为“对某人有利”。故填to。
⑨考查主谓一致及时态。此处为there be句型,主语为much,且陈述一般事实,故设空处用一般现在时,be动词用单数形式is。
⑩考查形容词最高级。根据语境及此处结构“one of the...”可知,空格处用形容词最高级。
【2023年广东模拟】
1.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中"By showing children other languages at an early age, you are giving them the opportunity to make use of their natural ability to hear and recognize between the sounds of other languages, and their ability to make sense of what they are hearing. (在孩子很小的时候就向他们展示其他语言，你就给了他们机会去利用他们天生倾听的能力和识别其他语言声音的能力，以及理解他们所听到的东西的能力。)"可知，孩子们学习其他语言的能力更强。故选D。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"They take everything in through their senses, making connections between what they hear, see, smell, taste and touch. (他们通过感官吸收一切，将他们的听觉、视觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉联系起来。)"可知，学习语言时，孩子们会利用他们不同的感官。故选C。
3.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"Your child has a trial-and-error approach to its development, and making mistakes is a valuable part of the learning process. (你的孩子在成长过程中有一种反复尝试的方法，犯错误是学习过程中很有价值的一部分。)"可知，孩子们能从错误中学习。故选C。
4.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中" Studies suggest that children learning an additional language tend to score better on standardized tests because learning languages develops listening, observation, problem-solving and critical(批判性的) thinking skills. These are skills that are of life-long benefit, both personally and professionally. (研究表明，学习额外一门语言的孩子在标准化考试中更容易取得好成绩，因为学习语言可以培养他们的听力、观察、解决问题和批判性思维能力。这些技能对个人和职业都是终身受益的。)"可知，事实上，学习另一种语言可以帮助孩子发展终身技能。故选D。
【2023年广东模拟】
答案：①-⑤FGEDB
解析：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马来西亚夜市的 风貌与特色。
①上文“Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls.”(每个夜市 都有不同的摊位组合。）提到每个夜市的摊 位有所不同，而下文“Hence, there is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.”(因此，每次去夜市总会期待着有新奇、令人兴奋的东西。）提到每次去 夜市总会期待有新的东西，说明夜市里会不断加入新的商品，F项“New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends.”（不断会有新潮的商品加入夜市。）的“New items”与下文“something new”一致，符合题意。故选F项。
②上文“For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.”（对于做菜的人来说，那儿有一个接一个摊位摆卖新鲜海鲜、肉制品、各种 各样的蔬菜。）提到夜市中各种各样摊位可 供做菜的人选择，G项“Dried and preserved items such as dried shrimp and salted eggs are available here too.”(这里还有干虾和咸蛋等干货和腌制食品。）承接上文，进一步指出夜市除了有新鲜海鲜、肉制品、各种各样的蔬菜，还有干虾和咸蛋等干货和腌制食品，符合题意。故选G项。
③上文“It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure- tasty street cuisine.”(众所周知，所有夜市都有一个共同的宝藏——风味街头美食。）引出夜市有好吃的街头美食，E项“It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes.”(如果不尝试令人垂涎的当地菜肴，那将是一种遗憾。）紧接着指出在拥有 美食街的夜市，不品尝当地美食，简直是一种遗憾，下文“Thirst-quenchers like the ever- popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.”(像一直受欢迎的大豆饮品和甘蔗汁这样的止渴饮料始终是夜市的一大特色。）则就当地美食举出了饮料 这一特色。所以E项符合题意。故选E项。
④下文“It is not a place for the faint- hearted or the gentle, but to many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore.”(胆小或文雅 的人不适合这个地方，但对许多人来说，夜市是一个有趣、激动人心的探索之地。）提 到夜市不适合胆小或文雅的人，D项“Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.”（喧闹的人群是夜市的标志。）是下文提到胆小或文雅的人不适合去夜市的原 因，符合题意。故选D项。
⑤上文“It is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.”（去夜市真的是一次激动人心的体验，在热带夜晚外出的一次大饱眼福。这里的氛围也很喜庆。）指出夜市能够让人大饱眼福，B项“There is so much to see, buy and eat.”（那儿有太多可看、可买、可吃的东西了。）指出了夜市能让人大饱眼福的原因： 有非常多可看、可买、可吃的东西，符合题意。故选B项。
【2023年河南许昌模拟】
1.答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：最 近，一名70岁的妇女在抖音上以充满活力的锻炼赢得了人们的心。抖音是一个社交网络 视频平台，在全球也被称为TikTok，男人和 女人通常在抖音上展示他们的锻炼或分享健 身技巧。A.diet饮食；B.video视频；C. fitness健康；D.fashion时尚。根据上文“a 70-year-old woman has won hearts with her energetic workouts”可知，分享的是健身的视频，所以空处指人们在抖音上分享健身建 议，故选C。
2.答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：想要 从这类视频的洪流中脱颖而出往往很难，但 一个相对较新的账号却很容易做到了，这个账号去年才开始活跃。A.partly部分地；B. roughly大概；C.extensively广泛；D. relatively相当地。根据后文“which has only been active since last year”可知，这个账号去 年才开始活跃，所以是相对比较新的账号。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：想要从这类视频的洪流中脱颖而出往往很难，但一个相对较新的账号却很容易做到了，这个账号去年才开始活跃。A.managed设法；B. happened发生；C.offered提供；D.hoped希望。根据后文“The star here is 70-year-old Chen Jifang, a Shanghai resident with 3 million likes on her Douyin videos.(这里的明星是70岁的上海居民陈继芳，她的抖音视频有300万点赞)”可知，陈继芳成功做到了脱颖而出，应用manage to do sth.表示“设法做成”。故选A。
4.答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个 账户背后的健身教练并不是一个身材苗条匀称、会让观众眼红的年轻女性。A.state状态；B.condition情况；C.muscle肌肉；D. figure人物，身材。结合上文“a young woman with a slim, well-built”结合上文提到她分享的是健身视频，所以是指身材苗条匀称，故选D。
5.答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个账户背后的健身教练并不是一个身材苗条匀称、会让观众眼红的年轻女性。A.envy羡慕；B.fancy喜欢；C.respect尊重；D. admiration钦佩。根据上文“a young woman with a slim, well-built”以及常识，可知，身材苗条匀称的女性会让观众眼红嫉妒，故选A。
6.答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚 至还上过中央电视台的真人秀节目。A. presented展示；B.described描述；C. featured以……为特色，上演;D.displayed 展示。根据后文“on a reality show on China Central Television”提到了中央电视台的真人 秀节目，可知是上过电视节目，应用动词 feature表示“上演”。故选C。
7.答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据帮助管理抖音账号的教练介绍，陈在短短几个 月内就吸引了40多万粉丝。A.friends朋友； B.followers跟随者，粉丝；C.instructors教练；D.observers观察者。根据上文“Chen attracted more than 400,000”以及“helped to manage the Douyin account”可知是指抖音账号的粉丝数量达到40多万。故选B。
8.答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想 他们看到像我这样的老奶奶也能在健身房取得成就后，会有动力去健身房锻炼。A. motivated激励；B.entertained娱乐；C. determined决定；D.moved移动。根据后文“after seeing that a granny like me can also achieve something in the gym(在看到像我这样的老奶奶在健身房也能有所成就之后)”可知，她想通过自己锻炼的经历激励更多人锻 炼，让他们有动力去健身。故选A。
9.答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想 传达的信息是，追求身体健康永远不会太 晚。A.express表达，侧重于清楚、明确地表达个人的观点、情感、想法等，它通常用于描述人们如何表达自己的内心感受或看法；B.convey传达，强调传递信息、感情或观点，并使对方理解；C.carry携带；D. leave离开。根据主语“The message I want to”可知，这里指她想传达让人能理解的信息，应用动词convey。故选B。
10.答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想传达的信息是，追求身体健康永远不会太晚。A.enjoy欣赏；B.monitor监督；C. deserve值得；D.pursue追求。根据宾 语“good health”以及她分享健身视频的行为，可知是指追求身体健康。故选D。
11.答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于 陈来说，她对锻炼的热情是出于一种需要， 而不是为了成名。A.wish希望；B.passion激情；C.appeal呼吁；D.preference偏爱。 根据后文“for exercising”以及上文“a 70-year-old woman has won hearts with her energetic workouts on Douyin(一位70岁的老妇人在抖音上以充满活力的锻炼赢得了人们的喜爱)”可知，此处指对锻炼的热情，故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：对于陈来说，她对锻炼的热情是出于一种需要，而不是为了成名。A.more than超过；B. other than除了；C.instead of而不是；D. regardless of不管。根据上文“was born out of a need”以及后文提到她从小身体不好，可知 她对锻炼的热情是出于一种需要，而不是为了成名。故选C。
13.答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据陈说，她从小身体就不好。A.poor贫穷 的；B.sick生病的；C.sound无损伤的；D. stable稳定的。根据后文“In the past, whenever I felt uncomfortable, I would lie at home for an entire day,”says Chen, who used to be a saleswoman in a local food company before retirement.(“过去，只要我觉得不舒服，我就会在家里躺上一整天，”退休前曾在当地一家食品公司做售货员的陈说)可知，她从小身体不好，经常不舒服。故选 A。
14.答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：她甚 至在生下女儿后不得不放弃工作，因为怀孕 严重影响了她的健康。A.mostly多半；B. rather而不是；C.never从不；D.even甚至。 根据后文“because her health was severely affected by the pregnancy”可知，因为怀孕严 重影响了她的健康，她甚至在生下女儿后不 得不放弃工作，故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们 无法阻止衰老，但锻炼可以减缓衰老。A. as因为；B.but但是；C.until直到；D. before在……之前。上文提到无法阻止衰 老，后文说锻炼可以减缓衰老，为转折关系，应用连词but。故选B。

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