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如皋市2023－2024学年度高三年级第一学期调研(二)
英 语 试 题
第一部分 听力 (共两节，20小题，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man going to do
A. Do some shopping. B. Entertain his manager. C. Attend a farewell party.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you going out, honey
M: Yes. My manager will retire, and there will be a farewell party in our office next week. I need to prepare a gift for him. I’m considering getting him a craft.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the fashion show
A. Wonderful. B. Meaningless. C. Average.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The fashion show is wonderful. The design of those clothes amazes me so much.
M: Well, you’re wasting your time to watch it. I think the clothes like that are not suitable for us to wear in our daily life.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman want to go to that national park
A. To carry out some research.
B. To watch wild animals.
C. To do volunteer work.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: What about going to South Luangwa National Park this summer holiday
M: I’d love to, but I’ll do some research on my project. Will you volunteer there
W: No. I heard that it is famous for its wild animals. I really look forward to watching four of the Big Five Animals of Africa there.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about
A. A new book.
B. Their favorite food.
C The woman’s lifestyle.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I noticed that you’ve been eating more green- and red-colored foods these days.
W: Yes! I’m constantly changing my lifestyle, so I’ll be able to live a happier and healthier life. I just finished reading a book about how to keep healthy. Now I’ve decided to start exercising.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman doing
A. Making a survey.
B. Hosting a program.
C. Conducting a job interview.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Besides your experience and education, why would you be a good fit for this firm
M: I believe in myself, which makes me a natural leader. Also, I demand success from myself, which means I never give up.
W: Good. Please, tell me about your last job.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why was the aerobics class canceled
A. The instructor got ill.
B. Many people were absent.
C. The training room was occupied.
7. What made the woman tired
A. Jogging in the park.
B. Climbing stairs.
C. Using a StairMaster.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: You look burned-out. Did you make it to your aerobics class last night You must have got quite a workout!
W: I made it, but when I got to the training room, I was told the class was canceled. The instructor was sick. The other ladies were really disappointed.
M: What a shame! Did you end up jogging in the park instead
W: No, I got my workout this morning. I must have walked up a hundred stairs. I think I burned 500 calories.
M: You have a StairMaster at home
W: No, the elevator was broken!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How old is Calvin now
A. 16 years old. B. 26 years old. C. 35 years old.
9. Where did the woman go last Sunday night
A. A theater. B. The man’s home. C. A friend’s house.
10. Why was the final performance of the show special
A. Some famous singers watched it.
B The creator gave a speech after it.
C. Many former actors returned to it.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Calvin, have you ever watched the musical theater show The Phantom of the Opera
M: Yes. I watched it on Broadway when I was 16 years old. Ten years has passed in a flash. I heard the show is still on.
W: Not any more. It closed on last Sunday night after 35 years on Broadway.
M: What a pity! I went to my friend’s party that night. Did you watch the final performance of it
W: Certainly, I’m a big fan of it.
M: So was there anything special
W: Yes. It ended with its most famous song, The Music of the Night. The performance included many well-known singers and actors who had parts in the show over the years. The show’s creator, Andrew Lloyd Webber, attended the final performance, too.
M: It’s a pity I missed it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a university. B. In the aquarium. C. In a research center.
12. How long has the man researched on sea animals
A. Around six months. B. Around four years. C. Around thirty years.
13. What is the man’s main goal
A. To protect whales.
B. To be a whale expert.
C. To spread knowledge of whales.
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: When you start researching ocean life, you’ll quickly realize how little humans know about the sea. I’ve worked at this sea animal research center for almost 30 years, but I still don’t understand the ocean.
W: I’m worried that I have so much to learn. I’ve been studying sea animals at university for four years, but this will be my first experience of working on them.
M: As the newest researcher on our team, this is a perfect place to begin your journey. Over the next six months, I hope to offer you the knowledge I have.
W: Thanks a million. I’ve heard that you’re an expert on whales. Is that true
M: Well, above all else, my primary goal is keeping our whale population alive and well. In the process of protecting these huge animals, I have to study a lot to improve their living environment.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why is Eric mentioned in the conversation
A. He has an extra ticket.
B. He won’t watch the game.
C. He will play in the Big Game.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Family members.
16. When will the speakers meet
A. At 12:30 pm. B. At 1:00 pm. C. At 1:30 pm.
17. How will the speakers go to the stadium
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Cara! How’s everything
W: Oh, not bad. What about you, Mark
M: Great! I’m just a little busy with the schoolwork. I’m excited about the Big Game on Saturday.
W: What is the Big Game
M: Are you kidding This is the biggest football activity of the season! And we’re playing against one of the best teams in the State, so it’s going to be really exciting.
W: Wow, that sounds like fun! Who are you going with
M: A group of friends. Hey, you know what My brother Eric has to go out of town this weekend and he won’t be able to make it to the game, so I have an extra ticket. Would you like to join us
W: Sure, I’d love to. I’ve never been to one of our school’s football activities before. It’s a little far away from the subway station to the stadium. Let’s go there by taxi. My treat!
M: Don’t bother. There’s a bus picking students up in front of the school gate at 1:30 pm. Let’s get there half an hour early. Remember to have lunch at home.
W: Sounds like a plan! Thanks for giving me the extra ticket.
M: Don’t mention it.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Who is the speaker mainly introducing
A. A scientist. B. A reporter. C. A wildlife expert.
19. What did Jim experience in the forest
A. He saved a bear.
B. He had a heart attack.
C. He spent three nights alone.
20 What will Jim do on the show
A. Answer some questions.
B. Teach a live class on plants.
C. Give some tips on traveling.
【答案】18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome to Gardener’s Questions! We’re broadcasting live on the Internet. But if you haven’t got time to watch the whole thing right now, click on the recording anytime on our website.
OK, well, here with us in the studio today is wildlife expert, adventurer, and garden lover Jim Smith! Jim spent four weeks on a science trip in South America studying plants of the rainforest. I bet that was hot! Not only did he and his team discover new and exciting plants, but Jim had all sorts of adventures while he was there. He was attacked by a bear, had a fever, and got separated from his team for almost three nights! How scary that was!
But this show isn’t just about big-time adventures. It’s about gardening. This time, Jim will be giving some of his best tips to get the most out of the plants we don’t normally see in this country. If you have any questions, he’ll be taking calls and messages from viewers in about five minutes.
But first, let’s meet our wonderful guest. Welcome to Gardener’s Questions, Jim Smith!
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to our stand-up comedy classes
This is the workshop where beginners have grown into headliners and headliners have grown into stars. Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy.
Our classes are conducted by award-winning, comedy director and writer Stephen Rosenfield and his stand-up staff. They are conducted so that when it’s time for your club performance, you will have solidly written, funny material and you will be well rehearsed and ready to perform beyond your expectations. These stand-up comedy classes are offered to both beginners and advanced students. The workshop consists of group classes, private coaching sessions and a performance at Gotham or West Side Comedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17th
In-person show: May 20th at Gotham Comedy Club
Live streamed show: May 22nd on YouTube
Fees:
If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks or credit cards.
Your instructor: Becky Veduccio
Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent.
Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. As a writer, she was chosen as one of ’s top five “Favorite Mommy Bloggers” for her humorous articles on the website. In 2015, she won the New York Press Club Award for humorous writing. As an instructor, Becky has taught stand-up comedy to every age group — from elementary school kids and teenagers to university students and adults. She believes everyone has a comedic voice.
21. What can be learned about the workshop
A. There are three seats left at present. B. It focuses on both writing and acting.
C. There are online shows on May 20th. D. It is specially designed for headliners.
22. How much will a returning student save on the fee
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60. D. $80.
23. What can we say about Becky
A. She is an experienced performer. B. She contributes a lot to magazines.
C. She became an overnight success. D. She hosted America’s Got Talent.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个单口戏剧研讨班。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy.(我们的研讨班强调单口喜剧的写作和表演，这是单口喜剧的两个关键组成部分。)”可知，研讨班专注于写作和表演。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350.(如果你是新生：410美元。如果你是老生：350美元。)”可知，老生可以节省60美元的学费。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Your instructor: Becky Veduccio部分中“Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent.(贝基是一个专业的喜剧演员，作家和演员超过15年。她曾在纽约、洛杉矶、拉斯维加斯和伦敦表演单口喜剧。此外，她还出演过广告、戏剧和故事片。她参加了2018年的美国达人秀。)”和“Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. (她的电影作品包括《回到我身边》、《曼哈顿少女》和《随机的心》。)”可推知，Becky是一位经验丰富的演员。故选A项。
B
I was driving when my phone alerted me to a new email. Filled with eager anticipation, I pulled over, turned on my hazard lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a promotion to full professor. My institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. But when I told my family that night, my children offered a surprisingly positive response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. They apparently knew long before I did that losing my bid for a promotion would turn out to be the best thing that could have happened for me.
This had been the final step in a long process spanning 15 months and involving so much effort. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for frank discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university.
To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. As a first step toward healing, I decided to prioritize my own values and follow my own internal compass. I disconnected from people in my life who violated my values, cultivated my relationships with those who share my priorities and bring out the best in me, and spent more time with my family. I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. The initiative had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star.
Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment. I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place.
24. What did the author feel after he read the email
A. Anxious and annoyed. B. Embarrassed and ashamed.
C. Relieved and peaceful. D. Disappointed and sorrowful.
25. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. What contributions the writer had made. B. What preparations the writer had made.
C. How successful the career had been. D. How tiring the process had been.
26. Which of the following would the writer probably agree with
A. Success is more than a title or a rank.
B. One’s internal compass is to be developed.
C. Serving the community may heal a broken heart.
D. One’s real value first lies in his family interaction.
27. What can be the best title for the text
A. Emails: my North Star
B. Full professor: a double-edged sword
C. A career setback becomes a great opportunity
D. An academic career witnesses a failed promotion
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想方面发生了转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Filled with eager anticipation, I pulled over, turned on my hazard lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a promotion to full professor. My institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table.(我满怀期待地把车停在路边，打开危险灯，打开车门。当我第六次也是最后一次得知自己被拒绝晋升为正教授时，我的情绪迅速发生了变化。我所在的机构似乎并不看重我带来的东西。)”可知，作者满怀期待打开邮件，却发现自己再一次被拒绝，由此可推知，作者读完邮件之后的心情应该是失望的和悲伤的。故选D。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“This had been the final step in a long process spanning 15 months and involving so much effort. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for frank discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university.(这是一个长达15个月的漫长过程的最后一步，涉及了如此多的努力。我从研究成功的晋升案例开始，并请资深学者坦率地讨论我的准备情况。我仔细准备了我的申请材料，总结了我在职业生涯中取得的所有成就。在一年多的时间里，我每天都花几个小时来证明我对学校的价值。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了作者做了怎样的准备。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The initiative had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star.(这个计划一直是我的梦想，但我从未追求过，因为典型的学术招聘和晋升不会奖励这种努力。现在，这样的考虑不再是我的北极星。)”和文章最后一段“I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place.(我可能失去了一次大的晋升机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”可推知，作者可能会同意成功不仅仅是一个头衔或地位。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment. I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place.(收到那封来自高层领导的电子邮件五个月后，我发现自己又坐在车里，经历了另一个职业生涯的决定性时刻。我可能失去了一次大的晋升机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”和全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想方面发生了转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。由此可知，C项：A career setback becomes a great opportunity(事业上的挫折会变成一次绝好的机会)是最好的标题。故选C。
C
It’s good to be smart. After all, intelligent people earn more money, accumulate more wealth, and even live longer. But there’s another side to the story. The brightest people and strongest leaders sometimes make errors others don’t, especially in situations that require common sense.
Travis Bradberry, president at TalentSmart, explained in his post Why Smart People Act So Stupid that “Rational thinking (理性思维) and intelligence don’t tend to go hand in hand. Intelligent people are more likely to make silly mistakes because of blind spots in how they use logic. These blind spots exist because smart people tend to be overconfident in their reasoning abilities.” They are so used to being right and having quick answers that they don’t even realize when they’re making a mess by answering without thinking things through.
A lifetime of praise leads smart people to develop too much faith in their intelligence and abilities. They often fail to recognize when they need help, and when they do recognize it, they tend to believe that no one else is capable of providing it.
“It’s hard for anyone to graciously accept the fact that they’re wrong. It’s even harder for smart people because they grow so used to being right all the time that it becomes a part of their identity,” Bradberry wrote. “For smart people, being wrong can feel like a personal attack, and being right, a necessity.”
Smart people also have a hard time accepting feedback. They tend to undervalue the opinions of others, which means they have trouble believing that anyone is qualified to give them useful feedback. Not only does this tendency slow their growth and performance, it can lead to harmful relationships, both personally and professionally.
Smart people develop overachieving personalities because things come so easily to them. They simply don’t understand how hard some people have to work to accomplish the same things, and because of that, they push people too hard. They set the bar too high, and when people take too long or don’t get things quite right, they assume it’s due to a lack of effort. So they push even harder.
28. What do we learn from the passage about the brightest people
A. They can differ in their personalities.
B. They are admired by people around them.
C. They usually face their own weaknesses calmly.
D. They can make silly mistakes in straightforward situations.
29. What accounts for the existence of intelligent people’s logical blind spots
A. Their irrational way of thinking. B. Too much concern about their work.
C. Too much faith in their ability to think. D. Their ignorance of behavioral science.
30. What may happen to smart people who find it difficult to accept suggestions
A. They may experience a lot of emotional stress.
B. They may commit more errors than ever before.
C. They may lose faith in their administrative abilities.
D. They may suffer in their professional and private life.
31. What is said about those working with or under overachieving people
A. They are under increasing pressure. B. They set higher goals for themselves.
C. They put a lot of effort into their work. D. They take less time to get things done.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最聪明的人和最强大的领导者有时会犯别人不会犯的错误的原因。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The brightest people and strongest leaders sometimes make errors others don’t, especially in situations that require common sense. (最聪明的人和最强大的领导者有时会犯别人不会犯的错误，尤其是在需要常识的情况下。)”可知，最聪明的人会在简单的情况下犯愚蠢的错误。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Intelligent people are more likely to make silly mistakes because of blind spots in how they use logic. These blind spots exist because smart people tend to be overconfident in their reasoning abilities.” (聪明的人更容易犯愚蠢的错误，因为他们在使用逻辑方面存在盲点。这些盲点的存在是因为聪明人往往对自己的推理能力过于自信。)”可知，聪明人的逻辑盲点在于太相信他们的思考能力了。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段中“Not only does this tendency slow their growth and performance, it can lead to harmful relationships, both personally and professionally. (这种倾向不仅会减缓他们的成长和表现，还会导致有害的人际关系，无论是个人关系还是职业关系。)”可知，聪明的人很难接受建议这导致他们可能会在职业和私人生活中遭受痛苦。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Smart people develop overachieving personalities because things come so easily to them. They simply don’t understand how hard some people have to work to accomplish the same things, and because of that, they push people too hard. They set the bar too high, and when people take too long or don’t get things quite right, they assume it’s due to a lack of effort. So they push even harder. (聪明的人会发展出超常的个性，因为事情对他们来说太容易了。他们只是不理解有些人为了完成同样的事情需要付出多大的努力，正因为如此，他们对人们的要求过于严格。他们设定的标准太高，当人们花太长时间或没有把事情做好时，他们会认为这是由于缺乏努力。所以他们会更加努力。)”可知，对于那些与成就超常的人一起工作的人，他们承受着越来越大的压力。故选A。
D
Without convenient access to phones or pens for letter-writing, wolves must rely on howls to communicate over long distances. These howls allow the animals to maintain their territories as well as keep track of other pack members.
While dogs are descendants (后代) of wolves, some dogs don’t know how to howl at all, whereas others, like sled dogs, will do so frequently. A new study exposes family dogs to wolf howls to better understand why some of our canine (犬类的) companions no longer seem to bother with this seemingly important form of dog communication.
An ELTE scientist Fanni Lehoczki and colleagues put 68 purebred pet dogs to the test by observing their reactions to recordings of wild wolf howls. According to the results, breeds (品种) which are genetically more similar to wolves are more likely to reply with their own howls to wolf howl playbacks.
Young dogs, regardless of breed, can give a response to wolf howls, indicating most dogs, no matter the breed, are capable of howling. But the more closely related an adult dog is to a wolf, the more likely they are to howl back in response to a wolf howl.
“Interestingly, this genetic effect on howling occurs only among older dogs (greater than five years) , for which an experience or some age-related personality effect can be a plausible explanation,” says Tamas Farago also from ELTE.
What’s more, those dogs that responded with howling showed greater stress behaviors, such as mouth licking or shaking. “This result on the stress behaviors may also confirm our assumption that more ancient breeds, due to their genetic relatedness, can process the information encoded in wolf howls better,” the researchers write in their paper.
“Dingoes (澳洲野犬) , which took an evolutionary path away from domestic dogs around 8, 000 years ago, are known to howl extensively to find each other, just like wolves. This suggests social factors could still play a larger role in determining canine vocal (发声的) behavior than genetics,” explains Lehoczki.
“Our findings are among the first ones indicating that domestication can change how animals process and react to other’s vocalizations. This, ultimately, might help us better understand the evolution of vocal communication,” the researchers conclude.
32. What does the new study mainly want to find out
A. How wolves communicate over long distances.
B. Why some dogs do not communicate by howling.
C. Whether wolf howls influence dogs’ communication.
D. What is the difference between family dogs and wild ones.
33. What does the underlined word “plausible” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Reasonable. B. Creative. C. Surprising. D. Unbelievable.
34. What does the result on the stress behaviors show
A. Ancient breeds feel uneasy in the presence of wolves.
B. Ancient breeds understand the meaning of wolf howls.
C. Ancient breeds try to send messages to the howling wolves.
D. Ancient breeds have difficulty communicating with wolves.
35. What do the researchers mainly talk about in the last paragraph
A. The limitations of the new study. B. The application of the findings.
C. The challenges for further study. D. The significance of the findings.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是关于为什么有些狗不通过嚎叫来交流的研究。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A new study exposes family dogs to wolf howls to better understand why some of our canine (犬类的) companions no longer seem to bother with this seemingly important form of dog communication.(一项新的研究让家里的狗狗听到狼的嚎叫，以便更好地理解为什么我们的一些狗伴侣似乎不再为这种看似重要的狗狗交流方式而烦恼。)”可知，新的研究主要是为了发现为什么有些狗不通过嚎叫来交流。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Interestingly, this genetic effect on howling occurs only among older dogs (greater than five years)(有趣的是，这种对嚎叫的遗传影响只发生在年龄较大的狗身上(大于5岁))”可知，经验或一些与年龄相关的性格影响可能是一个合理的解释，由此可知，plausible意为“合理的”，和A项：Reasonable（合理的）意思一致。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段““This result on the stress behaviors may also confirm our assumption that more ancient breeds, due to their genetic relatedness, can process the information encoded in wolf howls better,” the researchers write in their paper.(研究人员在论文中写道:“对压力行为的研究结果也可能证实我们的假设，即更古老的品种，由于它们的遗传关系，可以更好地处理嚎叫中编码的信息。”)”可知，古老的品种懂得狼的嚎叫。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段““Our findings are among the first ones indicating that domestication can change how animals process and react to other’s vocalizations. This, ultimately, might help us better understand the evolution of vocal communication,” the researchers conclude.(“我们的发现是第一批表明驯化可以改变动物处理和对其他动物发声的反应的研究之一。最终，这可能有助于我们更好地理解声音交流的进化，”研究人员总结道。)”可知，文章最后一段主要表明了研究结果的意义。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Growing up in a Southern family, big meals were the norm. Every meal for my nuclear family of four provided enough food for eight. Each Sunday, when we drove to my grandmother’s home for lunch, there was more than enough food. ___36___ Having more than enough was a generous and affectionate act; having too little conveyed almost a moral failing.
___37___ When having only another couple over for dinner, I’d make more food than the four of us could finish. My wife always asked me to make less both to save money and because our tiny fridge could hold only so many leftovers. ___38___
When I lost my job, though, my handling of extra food suddenly hit a barrier. ___39___ However, I then quickly went back to my former state of needing to cook much when I landed another job.
But instead of cooking a lot and then simply eating the leftovers, I had a new solution that worked well with my belief in showing love through food: ___40___ Several of my friends lived alone, didn’t like cooking or had lost jobs too, so bringing them food helped not only me but also them in a practical way.
Such a small act can bring large amounts of joy to anyone in these hard times. And in unfavorable situations, it’s an act that allows us to develop friendship and show love while we must, still, remain apart.
A. Continue cooking for my family.
B. Bringing the extras as meals to my friends.
C. It was the one part of our new world I couldn’t refuse.
D. In the shock of the change, I cooked less for about a year.
E. In my adult life before unemployment, this tradition stayed with me.
F. Serving extra food was the way that we showed love to one another.
G. But doing so seemed contrary to the generosity I had been brought up to believe in.
【答案】36. F 37. E 38. G 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对于食物一直觉得超过足够的食物是一种慷慨和深情的行为，后来遭遇失去工作的变故后，作者想到了一个解决方案，将多余的饭菜送给自己独居的朋友。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Each Sunday, when we drove to my grandmother’s home for lunch, there was more than enough food.(每个星期天，当我们开车去奶奶家吃午饭时，食物总是绰绰有余。)”可知，空处承接上文，说明食物总是会绰绰有余的原因。F项中的“serving extra food”和上文中的“more than enough food”对应。F项：Serving extra food was the way that we showed love to one another.(提供额外的食物是我们向彼此表示爱的方式。)符合语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Having more than enough was a generous and affectionate act; having too little conveyed almost a moral failing.(超过足够是一种慷慨和深情的行为；太少几乎意味着道德沦丧。)”可知，上文提到的处事方式是作者一直遵循的准则，E项中的“this tradition”与上文内容对应。E项：In my adult life before unemployment, this tradition stayed with me.(在我失业前的成年生活中，这个传统一直伴随着我。)符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“My wife always asked me to make less both to save money and because our tiny fridge could hold only so many leftovers.(我妻子总是让我少赚点，一方面是为了省钱，另一方面是因为我们的小冰箱只能装下那么多剩菜。)”可知，妻子的意见与作者所遵循的传统是相违背的，空处和上文形成转折关系。G项：But doing so seemed contrary to the generosity I had been brought up to believe in.(但这样做似乎有悖于我从小到大所信仰的慷慨。)符合语境。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据上文“When I lost my job, though, my handling of extra food suddenly hit a barrier.(然而，当我失去工作时，我对多余食物的处理突然遇到了障碍。)”可知，空处说明失去工作这种变化对作者对食物的处理产生的影响。D项：In the shock of the change, I cooked less for about a year.(在这种变化的冲击下，我减少了烹饪，大约有一年的时间。)符合语境。故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上文“But instead of cooking a lot and then simply eating the leftovers, I had a new solution that worked well with my belief in showing love through food(但是，而不是烹饪很多，然后简单地吃剩菜，我有一个新的解决方案，和我的信念不谋而合，通过食物来表达爱)”和下文“Several of my friends lived alone, didn’t like cooking or had lost jobs too, so bringing them food helped not only me but also them in a practical way.(我的几个朋友独自生活，不喜欢做饭或失去了工作，所以给他们带来的食物不仅帮助了我，也以实际的方式帮助了他们。)”可知，空处提出了解决方案的具体内容，就是把多余的饭菜带给自己的朋友，B项中的“my friends”和下文中的“several of my friends”对应。B项：Bringing the extras as meals to my friends.(把多余的作为饭菜带给我的朋友。)符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、 C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s ___41___ for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to ___42___ all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus ___43___ , the lion becomes confused and is ___44___ about what to do next. When faced with so many ___45___ , the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same ___46___ as the lion How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and ___47___ make progress
This ___48___ me to no end because while all the experts are busy ___49___ about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the ____50____ information. The end ____51____ is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be ____52____ .
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a ____53____ in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ____54____ is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become, take ____55____ action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.
41. A. rarely B. mostly C. nearly D. merely
42. A. stand up B. raise up C. rely on D. focus on
43. A. divided B. limited C. extended D. strengthened
44. A. serious B. unsure C. curious D. skeptical
45. A. bonds B. notices C. options D. desires
46. A. emotion B. reputation C. position D. generation
47. A. never B. always C. often D. already
48. A. upsets B. relieves C. impresses D. moves
49. A. speaking B. worrying C. complaining D. debating
50. A. exchanging B. encouraging C. damaging D. conflicting
51. A. effect B. result C. study D. problem
52. A. defending B. confusing C. improving D. weeping
53. A. whip B. meat C. chair D. hand
54. A. ready B. pleasant C. regretful D. frozen
55. A. orderly B. precise C. rigid D. immediate
【答案】41 B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. D 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. C 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文通过描述驯兽师驯狮子的过程，让我们了解到“当你发现这个世界在你的面前挥舞着椅子时，你要做的事情就是把注意力集中在一件事情上，你需要的就是开始”。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：鞭子吸引了所有的注意力，但它主要是为了表演。A. rarely罕见地；B. mostly通常，主要地；C. nearly几乎；D. merely仅仅。根据“A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair.”可知，使用鞭子是为了表演。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当驯兽师把椅子举到狮子面前时，狮子会试图同时注意椅子的四条腿。A. stand up站起来；B. raise up举起；C. rely on依靠；D. focus on集中于，专注于。根据“With its focus ___3___”可知，椅子是为了让狮子把注意力集中在四条腿上。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于注意力分散，狮子变得困惑，不确定下一步该做什么。A. divided分开，划分；B. limited限制；C. extended扩大，扩展；D. strengthened加强。根据“When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to ___2___ all four legs of the chair at the same time.”可知，椅子分散了狮子的注意力。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. serious严重的；B. unsure不确定的；C. curious好奇的；D. skeptical怀疑的。根据“With its focus ___3___ , the lion becomes confused”可知，注意力被分散后，狮子感到困惑，不确定接下来该做什么。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对如此多的选择，狮子选择静止等待，而不是攻击拿着椅子的人。A. bonds联系，连接；B. notices通知；C. options选择；D. desires欲望，愿望。根据“the lion chooses to freeze and wait”可知，狮子面临很多选择。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你有多少次发现自己和狮子处于同样的境地？A. emotion情感，情绪；B. reputation名声，名誉；C. position位置；D. generation一代。根据下文“How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and ___7___ make progress ”可知，此处把人的行为和狮子的行为进行类比，因此是处于相同的境地。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你有多少次想要实现某件事(比如减肥、创业、多旅行)，但最后却被摆在你面前的所有选择搞糊涂了，而且从未取得进展？A. never从未；B. always总是；C. often经常；D. already已经。根据“only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you”可知，因为被众多选择迷惑了，所以从来没有进步。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我心烦意乱，因为当所有的专家都在忙着争论哪个选择是最好的时候，那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。A. upsets使烦恼；B. relieves宽慰；C. impresses使印象深刻；D. moves移动，搬家。根据“the people who want to improve their lives are left confused”可知，作者因为感到困惑而心烦意乱。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speaking说话；B. worrying担心；C. complaining抱怨；D. debating争论，辩论。根据“which option is best”可知，专家们在争论哪个选择是最好的。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exchanging交换，交流；B. encouraging鼓励；C. damaging损坏，伤害；D. conflicting冲突，抵触。根据“all the experts are busy ___9___ about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused”可知，因为各种专家争论的观点不一样，导致那些想要改善生活的人却被所有相互矛盾的信息所迷惑。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终的结果是，我们觉得我们无法集中注意力，或者我们把注意力集中在错误的事情上，所以我们采取的行动更少，进步更少，在我们可以提高的时候保持不变。A. effect影响；B. result结果；C. study研究；D. problem问题。根据“that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress”可知，这是专家争论导致个人在做选择时感到迷惑，进而造成的不良结果。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. defending防御；B. confusing使困惑；C. improving提高，改善；D. weeping流泪。根据“the people who want to improve their lives”可知，此处表示提高。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你发现这个世界在你面前挥舞一把椅子时，记住这一点：你所需要做的就是专注于一件事。A. whip鞭；B. meat肉；C. chair椅子；D. hand手。根据上文“When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face,”可知，此处是信息词chair的词汇复现。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在你觉得准备好之前就开始是成功人士的习惯之一。A. ready准备好的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. regretful后悔的；D. frozen吓呆的，结冰的。根据“You just need to get started.”可知，作者建议在觉得准备好之前就开始。故选A。
55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你有你想去的地方，你想完成的事情，你想成为的人，立即采取行动。A. orderly整洁的，有秩序的；B. precise精确的；C. rigid僵硬的，死板的；D. immediate立刻的。根据“Starting before you feel ___14___ is one of the habits of successful people.”可知，作者建议有了想法就要立刻采取行动。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the coming era of budget cuts to education, distance learning could become the norm.
The temptation for those in charge of education budgets to trade teachers for technology could be so strong that they ignore ___56___ disadvantages of distance learning. School facilities are expensive ___57___(build). Online classes do not require buildings and each class can host hundreds of people at the same time, ___58___(result) in greater savings. But moving away from a traditional classroom ___59___ a living, breathing human being teaches and interacts with students daily ___60___(be) a disaster. Physically attending school has hidden benefits: getting up ___61___(early), interacting more with peers, and building better relationships with teachers. Moreover, schools should be more than simple institutions of traditional learning. They are places where students ___62___(offer) counseling (咨询) and other support.
Those policy-makers are often fascinated by the latest technology in education and its potential to transform education overnight. ___63___, online education does not allow a teacher to keep a struggling student after class and offer help. Educational videos are unable to make eye contact or assess a student’s level of engagement. Given these ___64___(expect), schools should not become permanently “remote”. Technology, however _____65_____(advance), should simply be a tool of a good teacher.
【答案】56. the
57. to build
58. resulting
59. where 60. is
61. earlier
62. are offered
63. However
64. expectations
65. advanced
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章认为在即将到来的教育预算削减时代，远程学习可能成为常态。然而，在线课程也有很多不足之处。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对于那些负责教育预算的人来说，用技术取代教师的诱惑可能是如此强烈，以至于他们忽视了远程教育的缺点。根据“of distance learning”可知，此处对“disadvantages”进行特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：学校设施的建造很昂贵。“be adj.+to do”为固定结构，空处需填动词不定式to build。故填to build。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在线课程不需要建筑，每个课程可以同时容纳数百人，从而节省了更多的费用。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词“do not require”和“can host”，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，result和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填resulting。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但是，从一个活生生的、会呼吸的人每天教导学生并与学生互动的传统课堂中脱离出来，是一场灾难。空处引导定语从句，先行词a traditional classroom，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【60题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但是，从一个活生生的、会呼吸的人每天教导学生并与学生互动的传统课堂中脱离出来，是一场灾难。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语“But moving away from a traditional classroom”，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【61题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：到学校上学有隐藏的好处：更早起床，与同龄人互动更多，与老师建立更好的关系。根据“more”和“better”可知，此处表示“更早地”，需用副词比较级earlier。故填earlier。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它们是为学生提供咨询和其他支持的地方。空处为定语从句的谓语，根据“are”可知，此处为一般现在时，主语students和offer为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are offered。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在线教育不允许老师在课后留下一个有困难的学生并提供帮助。上文提到“这些政策制定者常常被最新的教育技术及其在一夜之间改变教育的潜力所吸引”，下文提到“在线教育不允许老师在课后留下一个有困难的学生并提供帮助”，上下文之间为转折关系，此处需填副词however，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：考虑到这些期望，学校不应该永远是‘远程的’。空处需填名词作宾语，expectation意为“期望”，是可数名词，结合限定词“these”可知，此处需填名词复数形式。故填expectations。
【65题详解】
考查形容词。句意：技术，无论多么先进，都应该是一个好老师的工具。however引导的让步状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是however it is advanced，省略it is，空处需填形容词advanced作表语。故填advanced。
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分 )
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假如你是学生会主席李华，最近青少年学生心理健康引起了公众关注，请围绕这一主题，写一份倡议书，内容包括：
1. 简述现状；
2. 表示理解；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数80字左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2. 开头已给出，不计入总字数。请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
I’m Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
November 17th , 2023
【答案】Dear fellow students,
I’m Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union. I’m here to raise awareness about teen mental health.
Pressure from school, family, and friends can be crushing. More and more often, we see a rise in the number of students facing emotional and psychological challenges.
We need to take action now. First, we must break the silence around this issue. It’s time to remove prejudice against mental health and normalize its discussion. Second, let’s create a positive environment that encourages openness, self-care, and healthy coping. No more bystanders, we must be agents of change. Our future depends on it. Thank you!
The Students’ Union
November 17th , 2023
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份倡议书，倡议人们关注青少年学生心理健康问题。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：pressure → stress
毁坏性的：crushing → destructive
增加：rise → increase
问题 ：issue → problem/matter
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：More and more often, we see a rise in the number of students facing emotional and psychological challenges.
拓展句：More and more often, we see a rise in the number of students who face emotional and psychological challenges.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union. (运用了名词词组作同位语)
[高分句型2] Second, let’s create a positive environment that encourages openness, self-care, and healthy coping.(运用了that引导限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was awakened by the sound of heavy boots hitting the floor as my grandfather walked across the wooden floor to the fireplace. He added wood to the fire. Soon, the small wooden house felt warm.
It was 5: 30 on a cold January morning, deep in the mountains of central Pennsylvania. I, a12-year-old boy, was here with my grandfather and four other men on an annual deer-hunting trip. My grandfather wanted me to take the adventure to increase my courage and fun.
Looking at me, he smiled, “Could you make some coffee ” To prove that I was qualified to join this male club, I got up and started the work.
After breakfast, we left the warm and safe house and headed out into the dark, snowy morning, walking through deep snow. When we climbed over a mountain and crossed frozen streams, my grandfather told me to be mindful of where we had been and where we were headed. I tried to keep track of our route, but later had no idea.
About mid-afternoon, we made our way down the side of a new mountain to the stream bed below. My grandfather told me to head to the top of the next mountain, walk along the ridge (山脊) for a few hundred feet, and then come back down. If there were any deer on that part of the mountain, I would need to threaten them down to the bottom where my grandfather waited. So, off I went with a gun.
It took me 20 minutes to climb to the top. I walked along the ridge and then headed back down. I didn’t realize I had crossed over the top and had started back down the other side of the mountain. I headed in the wrong direction. After walking for 45 minutes, I realized I was lost in the woods. I was shocked.
After finally calming myself, I sat down and worked out a plan. I would first fire the gun and then start a fire, hoping my grandfather would know where I was by the sounds and smoke.
I looked at my watch. It was 4: 00. The sun would set down soon.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I held my gun and immediately fired three shots.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, I found my grandfather and other men walking in my direction hurriedly.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I held my gun and immediately fired three shots. The loud sounds quickly spread. Then, I cocked my ears. Immediately, I heard three answering shots, and I was pretty sure which direction they had come from. But I didn’t leave, thinking, “Stay put. It’s easier to find a lost person who is sitting still.” I just stayed there, gathering dry leaves and branches nearby, and soon started a fire. Later, I added wet branches and leaves to it. It caused big smoke, which flew into the sky. I sat by the fire, looking around.
Finally, I found my grandfather and other men walking in my direction hurriedly. Excited, I rushed to them. Seeing me, my grandfather sighed with relief and hugged me. Then, we headed back towards the house. On the way, my grandfather didn’t blame me for being lost. Instead, he praised me for knowing how to handle such an emergency. Besides, he explained how to avoid being lost again. The next morning, I went hunting with my grandfather again. I wouldn’t be scared away by the previous accident. I determined to be brave and make progress in tracking my route and telling directions.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和爷爷在一个寒冷的早晨外出打猎。下午时，爷爷让作者到下一座山的山顶把看到的鹿赶下山，但作者在返回时走错了方向，离爷爷越来越远，最后作者迷路了，不得不想办法脱困。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我拿起枪，立刻开了三枪。”可知，第一段可描写作者在发出求救信号后的心理活动和所做的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，我发现我的祖父和其他男人匆忙地向我走来。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷对作者自救行为的反应以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者思考待在原地——生活引起浓烟——坐在火旁环顾四周——兴奋冲向人群——爷爷拥抱作者，感到宽慰——爷爷赞美作者——解释如何避免再次迷路——作者决心勇敢，取得进步
3.词汇激活
行为类
思考：think/consider
引起：cause/give rise to
拥抱：hug/embrace
决定做某事：be determined to do sth./make up one’s mind to do sth.
情绪类
兴奋的：excited/thrilled
舒了口气：sigh with relief/give a sigh of relief
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Immediately, I heard three answering shots, and I was pretty sure which direction they had come from.（运用了which引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
It caused big smoke, which flew into the sky.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）如皋市2023－2024学年度高三年级第一学期调研(二)
英 语 试 题
第一部分 听力 (共两节，20小题，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man going to do
A. Do some shopping. B. Entertain his manager. C. Attend a farewell party.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the fashion show
A. Wonderful. B. Meaningless. C. Average.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman want to go to that national park
A. To carry out some research.
B To watch wild animals.
C. To do volunteer work.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about
A. A new book.
B. Their favorite food.
C. The woman’s lifestyle.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman doing
A. Making a survey.
B. Hosting a program.
C. Conducting a job interview.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why was the aerobics class canceled
A. The instructor got ill.
B. Many people were absent.
C. The training room was occupied.
7. What made the woman tired
A. Jogging in the park.
B. Climbing stairs.
C. Using a StairMaster.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How old is Calvin now
A. 16 years old. B. 26 years old. C. 35 years old.
9. Where did the woman go last Sunday night
A. A theater. B. The man’s home. C. A friend’s house.
10. Why was the final performance of the show special
A. Some famous singers watched it.
B. The creator gave a speech after it.
C. Many former actors returned to it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a university. B. In the aquarium. C. In a research center.
12. How long has the man researched on sea animals
A. Around six months. B. Around four years. C. Around thirty years.
13. What is the man’s main goal
A. To protect whales.
B. To be a whale expert.
C. To spread knowledge of whales.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why is Eric mentioned in the conversation
A. He has an extra ticket.
B. He won’t watch the game.
C. He will play in the Big Game.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Family members.
16. When will the speakers meet
A At 12:30 pm. B. At 1:00 pm. C. At 1:30 pm.
17. How will the speakers go to the stadium
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Who is the speaker mainly introducing
A. A scientist. B. A reporter. C. A wildlife expert.
19. What did Jim experience in the forest
A. He saved a bear.
B. He had a heart attack.
C. He spent three nights alone.
20. What will Jim do on the show
A. Answer some questions.
B. Teach a live class on plants.
C. Give some tips on traveling.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to our stand-up comedy classes
This is the workshop where beginners have grown into headliners and headliners have grown into stars. Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy.
Our classes are conducted by award-winning, comedy director and writer Stephen Rosenfield and his stand-up staff. They are conducted so that when it’s time for your club performance, you will have solidly written, funny material and you will be well rehearsed and ready to perform beyond your expectations. These stand-up comedy classes are offered to both beginners and advanced students. The workshop consists of group classes, private coaching sessions and a performance at Gotham or West Side Comedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17th
In-person show: May 20th at Gotham Comedy Club
Live streamed show: May 22nd on YouTube
Fees:
If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks or credit cards.
Your instructor: Becky Veduccio
Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent.
Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. As a writer, she was chosen as one of ’s top five “Favorite Mommy Bloggers” for her humorous articles on the website. In 2015, she won the New York Press Club Award for humorous writing. As an instructor, Becky has taught stand-up comedy to every age group — from elementary school kids and teenagers to university students and adults. She believes everyone has a comedic voice.
21. What can be learned about the workshop
A. There are three seats left at present. B. It focuses on both writing and acting.
C. There are online shows on May 20th. D. It is specially designed for headliners.
22. How much will a returning student save on the fee
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60. D. $80.
23. What can we say about Becky
A. She is an experienced performer. B. She contributes a lot to magazines.
C. She became an overnight success. D. She hosted America’s Got Talent.
B
I was driving when my phone alerted me to a new email. Filled with eager anticipation, I pulled over, turned on my hazard lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a promotion to full professor. My institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. But when I told my family that night, my children offered a surprisingly positive response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. They apparently knew long before I did that losing my bid for a promotion would turn out to be the best thing that could have happened for me.
This had been the final step in a long process spanning 15 months and involving so much effort. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for frank discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university.
To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. As a first step toward healing, I decided to prioritize my own values and follow my own internal compass. I disconnected from people in my life who violated my values, cultivated my relationships with those who share my priorities and bring out the best in me, and spent more time with my family. I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. The initiative had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star.
Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment. I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place.
24. What did the author feel after he read the email
A. Anxious and annoyed. B. Embarrassed and ashamed.
C. Relieved and peaceful. D. Disappointed and sorrowful.
25. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. What contributions the writer had made. B. What preparations the writer had made.
C. How successful the career had been. D. How tiring the process had been.
26. Which of the following would the writer probably agree with
A. Success is more than a title or a rank.
B. One’s internal compass is to be developed.
C. Serving the community may heal a broken heart.
D. One’s real value first lies in his family interaction.
27. What can be the best title for the text
A. Emails: my North Star
B. Full professor: a double-edged sword
C. A career setback becomes a great opportunity
D An academic career witnesses a failed promotion
C
It’s good to be smart. After all, intelligent people earn more money, accumulate more wealth, and even live longer. But there’s another side to the story. The brightest people and strongest leaders sometimes make errors others don’t, especially in situations that require common sense.
Travis Bradberry, president at TalentSmart, explained in his post Why Smart People Act So Stupid that “Rational thinking (理性思维) and intelligence don’t tend to go hand in hand. Intelligent people are more likely to make silly mistakes because of blind spots in how they use logic. These blind spots exist because smart people tend to be overconfident in their reasoning abilities.” They are so used to being right and having quick answers that they don’t even realize when they’re making a mess by answering without thinking things through.
A lifetime of praise leads smart people to develop too much faith in their intelligence and abilities. They often fail to recognize when they need help and when they do recognize it, they tend to believe that no one else is capable of providing it.
“It’s hard for anyone to graciously accept the fact that they’re wrong. It’s even harder for smart people because they grow so used to being right all the time that it becomes a part of their identity,” Bradberry wrote. “For smart people, being wrong can feel like a personal attack, and being right, a necessity.”
Smart people also have a hard time accepting feedback. They tend to undervalue the opinions of others, which means they have trouble believing that anyone is qualified to give them useful feedback. Not only does this tendency slow their growth and performance, it can lead to harmful relationships, both personally and professionally.
Smart people develop overachieving personalities because things come so easily to them. They simply don’t understand how hard some people have to work to accomplish the same things, and because of that, they push people too hard. They set the bar too high, and when people take too long or don’t get things quite right, they assume it’s due to a lack of effort. So they push even harder.
28. What do we learn from the passage about the brightest people
A. They can differ in their personalities.
B. They are admired by people around them.
C. They usually face their own weaknesses calmly.
D. They can make silly mistakes in straightforward situations.
29. What accounts for the existence of intelligent people’s logical blind spots
A. Their irrational way of thinking. B. Too much concern about their work.
C. Too much faith in their ability to think. D. Their ignorance of behavioral science.
30. What may happen to smart people who find it difficult to accept suggestions
A. They may experience a lot of emotional stress.
B. They may commit more errors than ever before.
C. They may lose faith in their administrative abilities.
D. They may suffer in their professional and private life.
31. What is said about those working with or under overachieving people
A They are under increasing pressure. B. They set higher goals for themselves.
C. They put a lot of effort into their work. D. They take less time to get things done.
D
Without convenient access to phones or pens for letter-writing, wolves must rely on howls to communicate over long distances. These howls allow the animals to maintain their territories as well as keep track of other pack members.
While dogs are descendants (后代) of wolves, some dogs don’t know how to howl at all, whereas others, like sled dogs, will do so frequently. A new study exposes family dogs to wolf howls to better understand why some of our canine (犬类的) companions no longer seem to bother with this seemingly important form of dog communication.
An ELTE scientist Fanni Lehoczki and colleagues put 68 purebred pet dogs to the test by observing their reactions to recordings of wild wolf howls. According to the results, breeds (品种) which are genetically more similar to wolves are more likely to reply with their own howls to wolf howl playbacks.
Young dogs, regardless of breed, can give a response to wolf howls, indicating most dogs, no matter the breed, are capable of howling. But the more closely related an adult dog is to a wolf, the more likely they are to howl back in response to a wolf howl.
“Interestingly, this genetic effect on howling occurs only among older dogs (greater than five years) , for which an experience or some age-related personality effect can be a plausible explanation,” says Tamas Farago also from ELTE.
What’s more, those dogs that responded with howling showed greater stress behaviors, such as mouth licking or shaking. “This result on the stress behaviors may also confirm our assumption that more ancient breeds, due to their genetic relatedness, can process the information encoded in wolf howls better,” the researchers write in their paper.
“Dingoes (澳洲野犬) , which took an evolutionary path away from domestic dogs around 8, 000 years ago, are known to howl extensively to find each other, just like wolves. This suggests social factors could still play a larger role in determining canine vocal (发声的) behavior than genetics,” explains Lehoczki.
“Our findings are among the first ones indicating that domestication can change how animals process and react to other’s vocalizations. This, ultimately, might help us better understand the evolution of vocal communication,” the researchers conclude.
32. What does the new study mainly want to find out
A. How wolves communicate over long distances.
B. Why some dogs do not communicate by howling.
C. Whether wolf howls influence dogs’ communication.
D. What is the difference between family dogs and wild ones.
33. What does the underlined word “plausible” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Reasonable. B. Creative. C. Surprising. D. Unbelievable.
34. What does the result on the stress behaviors show
A. Ancient breeds feel uneasy in the presence of wolves.
B. Ancient breeds understand the meaning of wolf howls.
C. Ancient breeds try to send messages to the howling wolves.
D. Ancient breeds have difficulty communicating with wolves.
35. What do the researchers mainly talk about in the last paragraph
A. The limitations of the new study. B. The application of the findings.
C. The challenges for further study. D. The significance of the findings.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Growing up in a Southern family, big meals were the norm. Every meal for my nuclear family of four provided enough food for eight. Each Sunday, when we drove to my grandmother’s home for lunch, there was more than enough food. ___36___ Having more than enough was a generous and affectionate act; having too little conveyed almost a moral failing.
___37___ When having only another couple over for dinner, I’d make more food than the four of us could finish. My wife always asked me to make less both to save money and because our tiny fridge could hold only so many leftovers. ___38___
When I lost my job, though, my handling of extra food suddenly hit a barrier. ___39___ However, I then quickly went back to my former state of needing to cook much when I landed another job.
But instead of cooking a lot and then simply eating the leftovers, I had a new solution that worked well with my belief in showing love through food: ___40___ Several of my friends lived alone, didn’t like cooking or had lost jobs too, so bringing them food helped not only me but also them in a practical way.
Such a small act can bring large amounts of joy to anyone in these hard times. And in unfavorable situations, it’s an act that allows us to develop friendship and show love while we must, still, remain apart.
A. Continue cooking for my family.
B. Bringing the extras as meals to my friends.
C. It was the one part of our new world I couldn’t refuse.
D. In the shock of the change, I cooked less for about a year.
E. In my adult life before unemployment, this tradition stayed with me.
F. Serving extra food was the way that we showed love to one another.
G. But doing so seemed contrary to the generosity I had been brought up to believe in.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、 C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s ___41___ for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to ___42___ all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus ___43___ , the lion becomes confused and is ___44___ about what to do next. When faced with so many ___45___ , the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same ___46___ as the lion How often do you have something you want to achieve (e. g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and ___47___ make progress
This ___48___ me to no end because while all the experts are busy ___49___ about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the ____50____ information. The end ____51____ is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be ____52____ .
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a ____53____ in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ____54____ is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become, take ____55____ action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.
41. A. rarely B. mostly C. nearly D. merely
42. A. stand up B. raise up C. rely on D. focus on
43. A. divided B. limited C. extended D. strengthened
44. A. serious B. unsure C. curious D. skeptical
45. A. bonds B. notices C. options D. desires
46. A. emotion B. reputation C. position D. generation
47. A. never B. always C. often D. already
48. A. upsets B. relieves C. impresses D. moves
49. A. speaking B. worrying C. complaining D. debating
50. A. exchanging B. encouraging C. damaging D. conflicting
51. A. effect B. result C. study D. problem
52. A. defending B. confusing C. improving D. weeping
53. A. whip B. meat C. chair D. hand
54. A. ready B. pleasant C. regretful D. frozen
55. A. orderly B. precise C. rigid D. immediate
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the coming era of budget cuts to education, distance learning could become the norm.
The temptation for those in charge of education budgets to trade teachers for technology could be so strong that they ignore ___56___ disadvantages of distance learning. School facilities are expensive ___57___(build). Online classes do not require buildings and each class can host hundreds of people at the same time, ___58___(result) in greater savings. But moving away from a traditional classroom ___59___ a living, breathing human being teaches and interacts with students daily ___60___(be) a disaster. Physically attending school has hidden benefits: getting up ___61___(early), interacting more with peers, and building better relationships with teachers. Moreover, schools should be more than simple institutions of traditional learning. They are places where students ___62___(offer) counseling (咨询) and other support.
Those policy-makers are often fascinated by the latest technology in education and its potential to transform education overnight. ___63___, online education does not allow a teacher to keep a struggling student after class and offer help. Educational videos are unable to make eye contact or assess a student’s level of engagement. Given these ___64___(expect), schools should not become permanently “remote”. Technology, however _____65_____(advance), should simply be a tool of a good teacher.
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分 )
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假如你是学生会主席李华，最近青少年学生心理健康引起了公众关注，请围绕这一主题，写一份倡议书，内容包括：
1. 简述现状；
2. 表示理解；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数80字左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2. 开头已给出，不计入总字数。请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
I’m Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
November 17th , 2023
第二节 (满分25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was awakened by the sound of heavy boots hitting the floor as my grandfather walked across the wooden floor to the fireplace. He added wood to the fire. Soon, the small wooden house felt warm.
It was 5: 30 on a cold January morning, deep in the mountains of central Pennsylvania. I, a12-year-old boy, was here with my grandfather and four other men on an annual deer-hunting trip. My grandfather wanted me to take the adventure to increase my courage and fun.
Looking at me, he smiled, “Could you make some coffee ” To prove that I was qualified to join this male club, I got up and started the work.
After breakfast, we left the warm and safe house and headed out into the dark, snowy morning, walking through deep snow. When we climbed over a mountain and crossed frozen streams, my grandfather told me to be mindful of where we had been and where we were headed. I tried to keep track of our route, but later had no idea.
About mid-afternoon, we made our way down the side of a new mountain to the stream bed below. My grandfather told me to head to the top of the next mountain, walk along the ridge (山脊) for a few hundred feet, and then come back down. If there were any deer on that part of the mountain, I would need to threaten them down to the bottom where my grandfather waited. So, off I went with a gun.
It took me 20 minutes to climb to the top. I walked along the ridge and then headed back down. I didn’t realize I had crossed over the top and had started back down the other side of the mountain. I headed in the wrong direction. After walking for 45 minutes, I realized I was lost in the woods. I was shocked.
After finally calming myself, I sat down and worked out a plan. I would first fire the gun and then start a fire, hoping my grandfather would know where I was by the sounds and smoke.
I looked at my watch. It was 4: 00. The sun would set down soon.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I held my gun and immediately fired three shots.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, I found my grandfather and other men walking in my direction hurriedly.
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