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高二级2023~2024学年度第一学期期中调研考试
英语
考生注意：
1.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
3.本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第一册Umit 3选择性必修第二册Unit 1。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分15分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man need a map
A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to do for vacation
A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man probably do
A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman say about John
A. He won’t wait for her.
B. He won’t come home today.
C. He won’t be on time for dinner.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers probably do next
A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
7 What is the salesman going to do
A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.
8. How will the man help the woman
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city
A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high.
10. What does the woman spend most on
A. Meals. B. Trains. C. Clothes.
11. What does the woman do in her free time？
A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day
A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the train to stop.
13. What can we learn about the speaker then
A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon.
14. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger
A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Besides a car park.
15. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. An exciting lunch party.
B. A well-known short story.
C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a 2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to The Guardian, “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best-known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
16. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel
A. In 1944． B. In 1967． C. In 1974． D. In 1980．
17. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel Prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
18. What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work.
D. The five female scientists haven’t been awarded Nobel Prize.
B
There is a famous story about how Walt Disney was inspired to build Disneyland. The story goes that during an afternoon visit to Griffith Park located near the Burbank Studios, Walt took a seat while his two young daughters rode the merry-go-round (旋转木马). Walt thought there should be a place where both children and their parents could enjoy spending some time together in an environment that would be both entertaining and pleasing to the eye, so with this thought came the idea for Disneyland.
Walt’s original plan was to build an eight-acre park located near the Burbank Studios that would be a place for his employees and their families. Those plans were put on hold because of the start of World War II. By 1952, Walt had created a special department that was devoted to planning his dream.
Finally in 1953, the first steps in building the park happened when Walt employed the Stanford Research Institute to make a survey to determine the best possible location of the future park. Considering population growth and the future freeway construction, they finally found a location in Anaheim and 160 acres of land was bought for the site of the new park.
The building of the park was very expensive and to collect money for the project, Walt developed the idea of the “WaltDisney’s Disneyland” television show. It turned out to be a wonderful idea—not only gaining the money to build the park but also presenting the park to the American public.
Construction officially began on July 21, 1954, and it was an ambitious (有雄心的) building schedule of less than one year to complete the new park for the projected opening day. Walt watched over the park’s construction and progress continued with just a few minor hold-ups. Finally, the park was ready for the opening day on July 17, 1955.
19. What inspired Walt Disney to build Disneyland
A. The special design of Griffith Park. B. A trip to a park with his daughters.
C. Requests from his family and employees. D. The idea to build a park for his daughters.
20. What was mainly considered in choosing the location of Disneyland
A. Population and traffic. B. The advice of the public.
C. The natural environment. D. Walt Disney’s personal preference.
21. What can we learn about the construction process
A. It was smooth generally. B. It was affected by World War II.
C. It was completed later than expected. D. It was influenced by a shortage of money.
22. Where is the text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A guidebook.
C
A simple gesture can be formed into a child’s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question along with that gesture. A new finding suggests that parents, social workers, psychologists and lawyers should be careful with their hands as well as their words.
While memories of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, those of children are known to be particularly influenced, said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled even if not intentionally.
Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say “Did you drink juice at the picnic ” the child is likely to say “yes” even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory.
To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only open-ended questions, such as “What did you have at the picnic ” But an open-ended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question. That is, children become likely to answer falsely.
And it isn’t just a few kids: 77% of children gave at least one piece of false information when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture. Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids, Broaders said as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. “It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children.”
In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to “try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that don’t reflect what actually happened.”
23. What can we know about gestures from the text
A. They are rarely used by people. B. They have not any function at all.
C. They have certain effect on children. D. They are often used by social workers.
24. Why are kids easy to be misled by gestures according to Sara Broaders
A. Children are easy to tell lies. B. These gestures are very attractive.
C. These gestures are used frequently. D. Children’s memories are affected easily.
25. Which may cause a wrong reply according to the text
A. Where are you going Lucy B. What will you have for lunch
C. Did you see anything else last night D. Did you cheat in the last English examination
26. What does the underlined word “impart” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Tell apart. B. Pass on. C. Mix up. D. Break up.
D
Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists say. The extremely fast mobile internet would allow for rapid information transmission and could make drivers aware of black ice, pot holes or other dangers up ahead.
Several car manufacturers (制造商) are already using 5G in their vehicles, including as a tool to help serve in the generation of self-driving vehicles.
Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today. They predict the number of road traffic accidents, which according to the World Health Organization account for more than 1.3 million deaths and up to 50 million people injured worldwide every year, will drop really as a result.
Dr Dimitrios Liarokapis, a member of the research group, said, “To have a better idea of what the future will look like, think of having such cars that not only use sensors to scan what’s around them, they can also talk to each other and exchange safety-related information about their surroundings over an area that covers several square miles. With the help of 5G, a vehicle-generated early warning system that reminds drivers is possible within the next few years. Cars that are close enough to the danger area will transmit warning messages to other cars around them using short-range communication technologies, but also to cars further away using 5G, fast and reliably.”
A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford told its intention to fit 80 percent of its future vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams.
27. What is the benefit of 5G mentioned in the text
A. It can improve the safety of automated vehicles.
B. It can help drivers communicate with each other.
C. It can effectively wipe out road traffic accidents.
D. It can help make more profits for the manufacturers.
28. What can we know about the vehicle-generated early warning system
A. It can get information several miles ahead.
B. It is under research and development at present.
C. It has been proved extremely helpful for driving.
D. It will send messages to drivers a few days earlier.
29. What will be probably continued with the text
A. Some car manufacturers. B. The advantages when using 5G.
C. Some safety rules when using 5G. D. The sales information of cars with 5G.
30. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. 5G Leaves Drivers Free When They Are Driving
B. 5G Is to Bring Great Convenience to Our Daily Life
C. 5G Has Been Popular with Drivers Around the World
D. 5G Is on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to be Creative
Most of us think that creativity is quality belonging only to artists, writers, or dancers, rather than ourselves. ____31____. The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.
Get out of your comfort zone
We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown. Break out of your usual patterns (模式) and welcome creativity into your life. As stated earlier, the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. ____32____. In fact, our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns. As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns, we rely less on creativity to find new paths. We should force ourselves out of our comfort zone and open up new possibilities.
Try different things
We are used to habits and routines, and creativity hates routines. If you usually drive to work, take the subway for a few days. ____33____. Interrupt your routine, experiment and try something new. New things are often creative, but the same old thing never is.
____34____
Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality. Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago Yet someone else is making money with “your” idea. ____35____. The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action. Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life. If you can put them into practice, you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life.
A. Take action
B. Seek several choices
C. Think from the other person’s point of view
D. If you usually eat in the office, have lunch under a tree
E. So we can create patterns for almost everything we do
F. The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative
G. We all have great ideas sometimes but only a few people turn their ideas into realities
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!” I ___36___ to my mother as we moved boxes. ___37___, going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away.
I was born and ___38___ in Virginia. Virginia was my home, and I never expected that to ___39___. Last year, my parents decided to move to my mom’s hometown, New Orleans.
Only three months after my parents made the ___40___ to move, I found myself moving boxes into our new house. My announcement to my mother that I ___41___ the new environment was mostly due to the fact that I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down. Far away from almost everyone and everything I had ever known, I was ___42___. To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks. Starting high school is a scary ___43___ on its own.
I spent my first few months in New Orleans ___44___ wanting to go back to Virginia. But after that, I ____45____ that I had a choice. I could continue missing my old home, or I could start trying to build a new home right here. I ____46____ the latter.
As soon as I stopped giving all my ____47____ to how much I missed Virginia, I was able to begin accepting the love that local people were giving me. I joined some clubs at school, which gave me the chance to make friends. My neighbors taught me how to cook some local food, and I found a wonderful ____48____ of neighbors. Overall, I seized every possible opportunity to ____49____ myself and to rebuild my life.
Because of my resilience(适应力) in creating a new home for myself and the ____50____ that local people have shown to me, home is right here.
36. A. turned B. replied C. announced D. pointed
37. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Besides
38. A. trained B. fed C. promoted D. raised
39. A. develop B. change C. exist D. continue
40. A. command B. suggestion C. excuse D. decision
41. A. disliked B. missed C. preferred D. imagined
42. A. surprised B. frightened C. delighted D. relieved
43. A. performance B. region C. experience D. presentation
44. A. partly B. badly C. slightly D. hardly
45. A. realized B. remembered C. observed D. complained
46. A. favored B. ignored C. began D. chose
47. A. attention B. patience C. trust D. confidence
48. A. generation B. community C. race D. school
49. A. better B. accept C. judge D. teach
50. A. belief B. freedom C. love D. interest
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in Ordos, North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Kubuqi Desert (库布齐沙漠) is the closest desert to China’s capital Beijing. It was once known as the “sea of death”. However, in the past 30 years, the government, social organizations and local farmers ___51___ (work) together to control desertification (沙漠化) in Kubuqi Desert.
Historically, Kubuqi was a rich city filled with water and grass. But due ___52___ climate change and over-exploitation from humans, the farmlands gradually turned to desert. Controlling desertification was the only way out for people still living in Kubuqi. With the first highway going through the desert ___53___ (build) here, people started planting trees in ___54___ whole desert. It was common for planted trees to die. But the next year, people just continued to plant more trees. ___55___ (ultimate), their hard work inspired the term “Kubuqi spirit”, encouraging local people ___56___ (devote) themselves to the desert greatly. Over three decades, tree planting technology saw further ___57___ (improve) in Kubuqi. Now workers can plant a tree in just ten ___58___ (second), and the survival rate of trees is over 80 percent.
The 102,000 residents in the desert have enjoyed the benefits of managing with desertification. Meng Keda, ___59___ family has lived deep in Kubuqi Desert for generations, began a tourism business in 2006 ____60____ earned about 300,000 yuan last year.
第四部分基础知识填空 (共三节，满分30分)
第一节 单项选择 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
61. It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. that B. why C. what D. as
62. To be an inventor, one needs wide knowledge as well as a very ________ imagination.
A. bright B. vivid C. living D. colorful
63. ________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
64. The speech was so ________ that they were all ________.
A. inspiring; exciting B. inspired; excited
C inspiring; excited D. inspired; exciting
65. —Did you close the door
—Yes, I remember ________ it.
A. to close B. to closing C. closed D. closing
66. Now every means ________ prevent the water from ________.
A. get used to; polluted B. is used to; being polluted
C. gets used to; pollution D. are used to; polluting
67. Do you know that _____ with wise men improves your mind
A. chat B. chats C. chatted D. chatting
68. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
69. ________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences.
A. What B. That
C. This D. Which
70. Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever
C. whomever D. whichever
第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或中文提示完成句子，每空一词，必须使用选择性必修第一册Unit 3至选择性必修第二册Unit 1所学的单词。
71. In fact, my opinions are not always ________ (相同) with my parents’.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. The public service advertisement is designed to________ (呼吁) to people not to smoke. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. You must first________ (使相信;说服) them of your enthusiasm for the job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. He is not a ________ (可靠的；可信赖的) person, for he never carries out his promises. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. Governments will act on the________ (假定;设定) that the stable economic growth will improve people’s quality of life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
76. They help the body defend itself against some kinds of i ________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
77. What an a ________ child! Her smile melts (使……软化) my heart. (根据首字母单词拼写)
78. The book aims to cover all a_________ of city life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
79. Mom asked me to a ________ her to the supermarket to buy some fruits. (根据首字母单词拼写)
80. I had to say that I was impressed by her because she h________ the affair so perfectly. （根据首字母单词拼写）
第三节 完成句子 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据所给的中文，补全下列各句，必须使用选择性必修第一册Unit 3至选择性必修第二册Unit 1所学的短语或词块。
81. 在听了他们的描述之后，你可以推断出谁参加了虚拟对话。
After listening to their stories, you could ________ ________ on who has participated in the virtual conversation.
82. 据估计，这项治理水污染的工程至少要耗费三年的时间。
________ the project to control water pollution will take at least three years.
83. 他在父亲去世之后掌管了农场。
He was ________ ________ of the farm after his father’s death.
84. 众所周知，一些动物有长脖子，它们不得不以吃大树的叶子为生。
As we all know, some animals have long necks and they have to________ the leaves of tall trees.
85. 她再次考试没有及格，但是她的哥哥相比之下考得非常好。
She failed the exam again, but her brother, ________ ________, did it very well.
第五部分 写作 (满分25分)
86. 近年来，有机农业已成为一个热点话题，为此你班同学在上周的英语课上展开了一场关于有机农业的讨论。请你根据下表提示写一篇文章向你校英文报投稿。
80％赞同
●降低环境污染的程度 ●降低农业生产成本
20％反对 目前有机食物不能满足市场需求
你的观点 ……
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高二级2023~2024学年度第一学期期中调研考试
英语
考生注意：
1.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
3.本卷命题范围：人教版选择性必修第一册Umit 3选择性必修第二册Unit 1。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分15分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man need a map
A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to do for vacation
A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man probably do
A Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman say about John
A. He won’t wait for her.
B. He won’t come home today.
C. He won’t be on time for dinner.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers probably do next
A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
7. What is the salesman going to do
A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.
8. How will the man help the woman
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
【答案】6. C 7. A 8. B
【解析】
【原文】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city
A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high.
10. What does the woman spend most on
A. Meals. B. Trains. C. Clothes.
11. What does the woman do in her free time？
A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.
【答案】9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【原文】
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day
A. Stay to help her friend. B. Walk alone to her car. C. Wait for the train to stop.
13. What can we learn about the speaker then
A. She worked at a hotel. B. She had bought a new car. C. She was having a baby soon.
14. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger
A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Besides a car park.
15. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. An exciting lunch party.
B. A well-known short story.
C. An unforgettable experience.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【原文】Hello, everyone. In today’s program, I’d like to share a true story of mine. One day, my friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to rain heavily. When it became lighter, I decided to brave the rain to get my car and go home. It was parked three blocks away. My friends argued I shouldn’t go because at that time, I was due to give birth in three months. I promised I’d be very careful. One of them wanted to come with me, but I insisted she stay with another friend who needed help with her baby. When I walked to the first crossroads, a taxi stopped and a passenger came out with an umbrella. Before I knew what was happening, he walked right beside me and told me he would walk with me to where I would go. I refused, but he insisted. During our walk, he kept telling me to walk slowly. When we got to the car park, I thanked him, and we parted ways. I did not get his name and may not even recognize him now. Did he purposely stop for me I’ll never know.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a 2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to The Guardian, “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best-known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
16. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel
A. In 1944． B. In 1967． C. In 1974． D. In 1980．
17. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel Prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
18. What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work.
D. The five female scientists haven’t been awarded Nobel Prize.
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从55年来第一位获诺贝尔物理学奖的女性谈起，介绍了另外五位原本有资格获得这个奖项的女科学家。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中的“Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.(也许最著名的冷落是：1967年，当时还是学生的贝尔发现了第一颗射电脉冲星，当时她还是剑桥大学的一名博士生。然而，1974年的诺贝尔奖却将这一里程碑式的发现授予了她的男性导师安东尼·休伊什。)”可知，第一个射电脉冲星在1967年被发现，被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lene Hau中的“Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.(经常在诺贝尔奖预测名单上名列前茅，2019年可能是Hau的一年。)”可知，Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单上榜首，她最有可能获诺贝尔奖。故选C。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段总述中的“It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.(这是55年来第一次有女性获得这个著名的奖项，但为什么花了这么长时间？我们来看看其他五位女性物理学先驱——过去的和现在的——她们确实应该获得这个奖项。)”可知，这五位女科学家还没有获得诺贝尔奖。故选D。
B
There is a famous story about how Walt Disney was inspired to build Disneyland. The story goes that during an afternoon visit to Griffith Park located near the Burbank Studios, Walt took a seat while his two young daughters rode the merry-go-round (旋转木马). Walt thought there should be a place where both children and their parents could enjoy spending some time together in an environment that would be both entertaining and pleasing to the eye, so with this thought came the idea for Disneyland.
Walt’s original plan was to build an eight-acre park located near the Burbank Studios that would be a place for his employees and their families. Those plans were put on hold because of the start of World War II. By 1952, Walt had created a special department that was devoted to planning his dream.
Finally in 1953, the first steps in building the park happened when Walt employed the Stanford Research Institute to make a survey to determine the best possible location of the future park. Considering population growth and the future freeway construction, they finally found a location in Anaheim and 160 acres of land was bought for the site of the new park.
The building of the park was very expensive and to collect money for the project, Walt developed the idea of the “WaltDisney’s Disneyland” television show. It turned out to be a wonderful idea—not only gaining the money to build the park but also presenting the park to the American public.
Construction officially began on July 21, 1954, and it was an ambitious (有雄心的) building schedule of less than one year to complete the new park for the projected opening day. Walt watched over the park’s construction and progress continued with just a few minor hold-ups. Finally, the park was ready for the opening day on July 17, 1955.
19. What inspired Walt Disney to build Disneyland
A. The special design of Griffith Park. B. A trip to a park with his daughters.
C. Requests from his family and employees. D. The idea to build a park for his daughters.
20. What was mainly considered in choosing the location of Disneyland
A. Population and traffic. B. The advice of the public.
C. The natural environment. D. Walt Disney’s personal preference.
21. What can we learn about the construction process
A. It was smooth generally. B. It was affected by World War II.
C. It was completed later than expected. D. It was influenced by a shortage of money.
22. Where is the text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A guidebook.
【答案】19. B 20. A 21. A 22. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是和两个女儿的公园之行让Walt Disney萌生了建立迪斯尼乐园的想法，文章介绍了建立迪斯尼乐园的具体过程。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句话“The story goes that during an afternoon visit to Griffith Park located near the Burbank Studios, Walt took a seat while his two young daughters rode the merry-go-round (旋转木马). Walt thought there should be a place where both children and their parents could enjoy spending some time together in an environment that would be both entertaining and pleasing to the eye, so with this thought came the idea for Disneyland.(故事是这样的: 在一个下午，沃尔特参观了伯班克影城附近的格里菲斯公园(Griffith Park) ，他坐了下来，他的两个年幼的女儿则坐在旋转木马上。沃尔特认为，应该有一个地方，孩子和他们的父母都可以享受花费一些时间在一起的环境，既娱乐和愉快的眼睛，所以随着这个想法来了迪斯尼乐园的想法)”可知，Walt有一次坐在公园里看着女儿们骑旋转木马，那时他有了建立一个乐园让孩子们和他们的父母可以共享时光的想法，后来就建造了迪士尼乐园。故选B。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“Considering population growth and the future freeway construction, they finally found a location in Anaheim and 160 acres of land was bought for the site of the new park.(考虑到人口增长和未来的高速公路建设，他们最终在阿纳海姆找到了一个位置，并为新公园购买了160英亩的土地)”可知，考虑到人口的增长和未来高速公路的建设，他们最终将迪士尼乐园的位置定在了阿纳海姆。故选A。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Construction officially began on July 21, 1954, and it was an ambitious (有雄心的) building schedule of less than one year to complete the new park for the projected opening day. Walt watched over the park’s construction and progress continued with just a few minor hold-ups. Finally, the park was ready for the opening day on July 17, 1955.(建设正式开始于1954年7月21日，这是一个雄心勃勃的建设时间表不到一年完成新公园的计划开放日。沃尔特负责监督公园的建设工作，工程进展顺利，只有几个小小的延误。终于，公园在1955年7月17日的开放日准备就绪)”可知，虽然迪士尼公园的建设过程中有过几次小的延误，但是最后还是如期在一年内完成了，由此可推知，整个建设过程是顺利的。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断日。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是和两个女儿的公园之行让Walt Disney萌生了建立迪斯尼乐园的想法，文章介绍了建立迪斯尼乐园的具体过程。结合选项可知，本文应该出自一本杂志。故选C。
C
A simple gesture can be formed into a child’s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question along with that gesture. A new finding suggests that parents, social workers, psychologists and lawyers should be careful with their hands as well as their words.
While memories of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, those of children are known to be particularly influenced, said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled even if not intentionally.
Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say “Did you drink juice at the picnic ” the child is likely to say “yes” even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory.
To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only open-ended questions, such as “What did you have at the picnic ” But an open-ended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question. That is, children become likely to answer falsely.
And it isn’t just a few kids: 77% of children gave at least one piece of false information when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture. Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids, Broaders said as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. “It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children.”
In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to “try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that don’t reflect what actually happened.”
23. What can we know about gestures from the text
A. They are rarely used by people. B. They have not any function at all.
C. They have certain effect on children. D. They are often used by social workers.
24. Why are kids easy to be misled by gestures according to Sara Broaders
A. Children are easy to tell lies. B. These gestures are very attractive.
C. These gestures are used frequently. D. Children’s memories are affected easily.
25. Which may cause a wrong reply according to the text
A. Where are you going Lucy B. What will you have for lunch
C. Did you see anything else last night D. Did you cheat in the last English examination
26. What does the underlined word “impart” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Tell apart. B. Pass on. C. Mix up. D. Break up.
【答案】23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手势会很快进入孩子的记忆，导致孩子对伴随着这个手势的问题做出错误的回答。一项新的发现表明，父母、社会工作者、心理学家和律师应该注意自己的手势和语言。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“A simple gesture can be formed into a child’s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question along with that gesture.(一个简单的手势可以很快地形成一个孩子的记忆，它会导致孩子对一个问题给出错误的答案连同那个手势)”以及第二段第二句话“Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled even if not intentionally.(孩子们习惯于看着大人为他们讲述事情，即使不是故意的，他们也可能被误导)”可知，手势对孩子有特定的影响。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文，并结合第二段第一句话“While memories of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, those of children are known to be particularly influenced, said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. (西北大学的首席研究员Sara Broaders说，虽然成年人和儿童的记忆都很容易对建议做出反应，但众所周知，儿童的记忆尤其会受到影响)”可知，孩子容易受手势影响的原因是孩子的记忆容易被影响。故选D。
25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say “Did you drink juice at the picnic ” the child is likely to say “yes” even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is lying on purpose, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory. (例如，先前的研究表明，细节丰富的问题往往会导致错误的答案；当被问及“你在野餐时喝了果汁吗？”时，即使没有果汁，孩子也可能会说“是的”。这并不是孩子故意撒谎，而是细节很快就形成了他或她的记忆)”以及根据第四段第一句话“To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only open-ended questions, such as “What did you have at the picnic ”(为了避免这个问题，长期以来，社会工作者一直被建议只问孩子们一些开放式的问题，比如“你在野餐时吃了什么？”)”可知，过多的细节问题往往会导致错误的答案，而一些开放式的问题可以避免错误答案。四个选项中，D选项“Did you cheat in the last English examination (你上次英语考试作弊了吗？)”为“detail-loaded questions”。由此可推知，这个问题可能会导致错误的答复。故选D。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的句子“ Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids（在与语言不流利的人(比如小孩子)交谈时，手势也会变得更受欢迎）”和后面的句子“It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children.(大人们更愿意和孩子们做手势，这当然是有道理的)”可知，大人们更愿意和孩子们做手势，就说明手势可以传递一些不熟悉的的单词和短语的意思。所以划线单词意为“传递下去”。故选B。
D
Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists say. The extremely fast mobile internet would allow for rapid information transmission and could make drivers aware of black ice, pot holes or other dangers up ahead.
Several car manufacturers (制造商) are already using 5G in their vehicles, including as a tool to help serve in the generation of self-driving vehicles.
Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today. They predict the number of road traffic accidents, which according to the World Health Organization account for more than 1.3 million deaths and up to 50 million people injured worldwide every year, will drop really as a result.
Dr Dimitrios Liarokapis, a member of the research group, said, “To have a better idea of what the future will look like, think of having such cars that not only use sensors to scan what’s around them, they can also talk to each other and exchange safety-related information about their surroundings over an area that covers several square miles. With the help of 5G, a vehicle-generated early warning system that reminds drivers is possible within the next few years. Cars that are close enough to the danger area will transmit warning messages to other cars around them using short-range communication technologies, but also to cars further away using 5G, fast and reliably.”
A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford told its intention to fit 80 percent of its future vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams.
27. What is the benefit of 5G mentioned in the text
A. It can improve the safety of automated vehicles.
B. It can help drivers communicate with each other.
C. It can effectively wipe out road traffic accidents.
D. It can help make more profits for the manufacturers.
28. What can we know about the vehicle-generated early warning system
A. It can get information several miles ahead.
B. It is under research and development at present.
C. It has been proved extremely helpful for driving.
D. It will send messages to drivers a few days earlier.
29. What will be probably continued with the text
A. Some car manufacturers. B. The advantages when using 5G.
C. Some safety rules when using 5G. D. The sales information of cars with 5G.
30. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. 5G Leaves Drivers Free When They Are Driving
B. 5G Is to Bring Great Convenience to Our Daily Life
C. 5G Has Been Popular with Drivers Around the World
D. 5G Is on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是科学家认为汽车很快将会使用5G相互通信，以使驾驶员意识到即将到来的危险。这将使驾驶员注意到前方的黑冰、坑洼或其他危险。许多汽车制造商已经在其车辆中使用5G，包括作为帮助生成自动驾驶汽车的工具。
【27题详解】
细节理解题，根据第三段的第一句“Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today. (格拉斯哥卡利多尼亚大学(GCU)的专家认为，高速连接还将提高自动驾驶汽车的可靠性和性能，使其比目前驾驶的手动汽车更安全。)”可知，高速互联网还将提高自动化车辆的可靠性和性能，使其比目前使用的手动驾驶汽车更安全。故选A。
【28题详解】
推理判断题，根据第四段的“To have a better idea of what the future will look like, think of having such cars that not only use sensors to scan what’s around them, they can also talk to each other and exchange safety-related information about their surroundings over an area that covers several square miles.(为了更好地了解未来会是什么样子，想想这样的汽车，不仅使用传感器扫描周围的东西，它们还可以相互交谈，并在几平方英里的范围内交换周围环境的安全相关信息。)”可知，车辆生成的预警系统还处于研发阶段。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford told its intention to fit 80 percent of its future vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams.( 一些制造商已经在研发联网汽车。其中，福特表示，它打算在80%的未来汽车上安装警告司机即将发生的道路事故、恶劣天气和交通拥堵的技术。)”可知，此处提到了有几个汽车制造商开始使用这种技术，福特公司就是其中一个，下文很可能介绍使用5G的其他制造商。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists say. The extremely fast mobile internet would allow for rapid information transmission and could make drivers aware of black ice, pot holes or other dangers up ahead.( 科学家表示，汽车可能很快就会通过5G相互通信，让司机意识到即将到来的危险。极快的移动互联网将允许快速信息传输，并可以让司机意识到前方的黑冰、坑洞或其他危险。)”以及通读全文可知，作者讲述了5G网络将安装在汽车上，汽车可以通过5G网络互相“对话”，让司机提前意识到危险。D选项“5G Is on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars(5G正在实现车与车之间的“对话)”概括文章标题。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to be Creative
Most of us think that creativity is quality belonging only to artists, writers, or dancers, rather than ourselves. ____31____. The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.
Get out of your comfort zone
We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown. Break out of your usual patterns (模式) and welcome creativity into your life. As stated earlier, the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. ____32____. In fact, our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns. As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns, we rely less on creativity to find new paths. We should force ourselves out of our comfort zone and open up new possibilities.
Try different things
We are used to habits and routines and creativity hates routines. If you usually drive to work, take the subway for a few days. ____33____. Interrupt your routine, experiment and try something new. New things are often creative, but the same old thing never is.
____34____
Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality. Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago Yet someone else is making money with “your” idea. ____35____. The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action. Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life. If you can put them into practice, you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life.
A. Take action
B. Seek several choices
C. Think from the other person’s point of view
D. If you usually eat in the office, have lunch under a tree
E. So we can create patterns for almost everything we do
F. The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative
G. We all have great ideas sometimes, but only a few people turn their ideas into realities
【答案】31. F 32. E 33. D 34. A 35. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何变得有创造力。
【31题详解】
依据上一句“Most of us think that creativity is quality belonging only to artists, writers, or dancers, rather than ourselves. (我们大多数人认为创造力是只属于艺术家、作家或舞蹈家的品质，而不是我们自己。)”可知，很多人认为创造力只属于艺术家、作家或舞蹈家，后面建议我们如何培养创造力，由此可推断出本句是讲每个人都有创造力，F选项“The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative (事实上，我们生来就有创造的能力)”说明我们每个人都是有创造力的，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【32题详解】
空前“As stated earlier, the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. (如前所述，人类的大脑是用来识别模式的。)”说明大脑是用来识别模式的，因此空格处应该说我们可以创造模式，E选项“So we can create patterns for almost everything we do (所以我们几乎可以为我们所做的一切创造模式)”说明了我们可以创造模式，其中的patterns和前面的patterns相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【33题详解】
由本段小标题“Try different things (尝试不同的东西)”可知，本段主要讲述的是尝试做一些改变，D项“If you usually eat in the office, have lunch under a tree (如果你通常在办公室吃午饭，那就在树下吃吧)”是一种改变，因此符合本段语境，故选D。
【34题详解】
空处是本段的小标题，由空格下方的“Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality. (光有一个好主意是不够的；你必须努力使它成为现实。)”和“If you can put them into practice, you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life. (如果你能把它们付诸实践，你就能很好地在生活的各个方面提高你的创造力。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要行动起来，把一些好的想法变成现实，A选项“Take action (采取行动)”说明要采取行动，因此概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
【35题详解】
根据下文中的“The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action. (梦想家和实干家的区别在于行动。)”可知，有人只是想一想，而有的人不但想还去做，G选项“We all have great ideas sometimes, but only a few people turn their ideas into realities (我们都有伟大的想法，但只有少数人把他们的想法变成现实)”说明了有的人只是想一想而已，只有少数人会去真正把自己想的事情做出来，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!” I ___36___ to my mother as we moved boxes. ___37___, going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away.
I was born and ___38___ in Virginia. Virginia was my home, and I never expected that to ___39___. Last year, my parents decided to move to my mom’s hometown, New Orleans.
Only three months after my parents made the ___40___ to move, I found myself moving boxes into our new house. My announcement to my mother that I ___41___ the new environment was mostly due to the fact that I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down. Far away from almost everyone and everything I had ever known, I was ___42___. To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks. Starting high school is a scary ___43___ on its own.
I spent my first few months in New Orleans, ___44___ wanting to go back to Virginia. But after that, I ____45____ that I had a choice. I could continue missing my old home, or I could start trying to build a new home right here. I ____46____ the latter.
As soon as I stopped giving all my ____47____ to how much I missed Virginia, I was able to begin accepting the love that local people were giving me. I joined some clubs at school, which gave me the chance to make friends. My neighbors taught me how to cook some local food, and I found a wonderful ____48____ of neighbors. Overall, I seized every possible opportunity to ____49____ myself and to rebuild my life.
Because of my resilience(适应力) in creating a new home for myself and the ____50____ that local people have shown to me, home is right here.
36. A. turned B. replied C. announced D. pointed
37. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Besides
38. A. trained B. fed C. promoted D. raised
39. A. develop B. change C. exist D. continue
40. A. command B. suggestion C. excuse D. decision
41. A. disliked B. missed C. preferred D. imagined
42. A. surprised B. frightened C. delighted D. relieved
43. A. performance B. region C. experience D. presentation
44. A. partly B. badly C. slightly D. hardly
45. A. realized B. remembered C. observed D. complained
46. A. favored B. ignored C. began D. chose
47. A. attention B. patience C. trust D. confidence
48. A. generation B. community C. race D. school
49. A. better B. accept C. judge D. teach
50. A. belief B. freedom C. love D. interest
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者一家搬到了新地方定居，一开始作者非常不适应，想要回到从前的家，但后来作者选择接受现状，也得到了当地人的关爱，最终适应了新环境，决定把这里当作自己的家。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我讨厌新奥尔良！我想回家！”当我们搬箱子时，我向母亲宣布。A. turned（使）转向；B. replied回复；C. announced宣布；D. pointed指向。根据句中的“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!(我讨厌新奥尔良！我想回家！)”和第三段中的“My announcement to my mother”可知，作者向妈妈宣布自己的意见。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，回家并不容易，因为我家在1100英里外。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead反而；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据上文中的“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!(我讨厌新奥尔良！我想回家！)”和空后的“going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away”可知，前面讲作者宣布自己想回家，后面说回家并不容易实现，前后是转折关系。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在弗吉尼亚州出生和长大。A. trained训练；B. fed喂养；C. promoted提升；D. raised抚养，养育。根据下文中的“Virginia was my home”可知，作者认为弗吉尼亚州就是自己的家，所以作者是在这里出生并被抚养长大的。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗吉尼亚是我的家，我从没想过会改变。A. develop发展；B. change改变；C. exist存在；D. continue继续。根据下文“Last year, my parents decided to move to my mom’s hometown, New Orleans.(去年，我父母决定搬到我妈妈的家乡新奥尔良。)”可知，作者一家要离开弗吉尼亚并搬家到新奥尔良，作者的家变了。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在我父母决定搬家仅三个月后，我发现自己把箱子搬进了我们的新房子。A. command命令；B. suggestion建议；C. excuse借口；D. decision决定。根据第二段中的“my parents decided to move”可知，父母决定搬家，make the decision意为“作出决定”。故选D。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向妈妈宣布我不喜欢新环境，主要是因为我觉得我的整个生活都被颠覆了。A. disliked不喜欢；B. missed错过，想念；C. preferred更喜欢；D. imagined想象。根据第一段中的“I hate New Orleans! (我讨厌新奥尔良！)”可知，作者不喜欢新环境。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：远离几乎我所认识的所有人和一切事物，我很害怕。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frightened害怕的；C. delighted高兴的；D. relieved感到宽慰的。根据句中的“Far away from almost everyone and everything I had ever known”和常识可知，远离熟悉的人和事物会让人产生害怕心理。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上高中本身就是一种可怕的经历。A. performance表现，表演；B. region地区；C. experience经历；D. presentation报告，介绍。根据空前的“To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks.”可知，上高中是可怕的经历。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在新奥尔良度过了最初的几个月，非常想回到弗吉尼亚州。A. partly部分地；B. badly非常；C. slightly稍微地；D. hardly几乎不。根据第一段的“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!”和空后的“wanting to go back to Virginia”可知，作者非常想回去。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在那之后，我意识到我有一个选择。A. realized意识到；B. remembered记得；C. observed观察到；D. complained抱怨。根据空后的“that I had a choice”可知，作者意识到自己有选择。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了后者。A. favored较喜欢；B. ignored忽视；C. began开始；D. chose选择。根据上文中的“I had a choice”和“I could continue missing my old home, or I could start trying to build a new home right here.(我可以继续怀念我的旧家，或者我可以开始尝试在这里建造一个新家。)”可知，作者有两种选择，最终作者选择了后者。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一停止将所有注意力集中在我有多么想念弗吉尼亚州上，我就能够开始接受当地人给我的爱了。A. attention注意力；B. patience耐心；C. trust相信；D. confidence自信。根据空后的“to how much I missed Virginia”可知，这里指关注自己有多么想念弗吉尼亚州这件事。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的邻居教我如何烹饪当地食物，而且我发现了一个很棒的邻居社区。A. generation一代人；B. community社区；C. race种族；D. school学习。根据空后的“of neighbors”可知，这里是说一个邻居社区。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，我抓住每一个可能的机会来改进自己，重建我的生活。A. better胜过，上进，改进；B. accept接受；C. judge判断；D. teach教。根据空后的“to rebuild my life”可知，作者抓住机会改进自己、重建生活。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我在为自己创造新家方面的适应力以及当地人对我表现出的关爱，家就在这里。A. belief相信，信念；B. freedom自由；C. love爱；D. interest兴趣。根据上文中的“I was able to begin accepting the love that local people were giving me”可知，这里表示当地人对作者的关爱。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in Ordos, North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Kubuqi Desert (库布齐沙漠) is the closest desert to China’s capital Beijing. It was once known as the “sea of death”. However, in the past 30 years, the government, social organizations and local farmers ___51___ (work) together to control desertification (沙漠化) in Kubuqi Desert.
Historically, Kubuqi was a rich city filled with water and grass. But due ___52___ climate change and over-exploitation from humans, the farmlands gradually turned to desert. Controlling desertification was the only way out for people still living in Kubuqi. With the first highway going through the desert ___53___ (build) here, people started planting trees in ___54___ whole desert. It was common for planted trees to die. But the next year, people just continued to plant more trees. ___55___ (ultimate), their hard work inspired the term “Kubuqi spirit”, encouraging local people ___56___ (devote) themselves to the desert greatly. Over three decades, tree planting technology saw further ___57___ (improve) in Kubuqi. Now workers can plant a tree in just ten ___58___ (second), and the survival rate of trees is over 80 percent.
The 102,000 residents in the desert have enjoyed the benefits of managing with desertification. Meng Keda, ___59___ family has lived deep in Kubuqi Desert for generations, began a tourism business in 2006 ____60____ earned about 300,000 yuan last year.
【答案】51 have worked
52. to 53. built
54. the 55. Ultimately
56. to devote
57. improvement
58. seconds
59. whose 60. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是过去三十年里，政府、社会组织和当地农民共同努力控制Kubuqi沙漠的荒漠化所付出的努力以及取得的成效。
【51题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去的30年里，政府、社会组织和当地农民共同努力控制Kubuqi沙漠的荒漠化。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past 30 years可知，应用现在完成时，且work与句子主语“the government, social organizations and local farmers”之间为主动关系，主语表示复数概念。故填have worked。
【52题详解】
考查介词。句意：但由于气候变化和人类的过度开发，农田逐渐变成了沙漠。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语due to，意为“由于，因为”符合句意。故填to。
【53题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着第一条穿越沙漠的公路在这里建成，人们开始在整个沙漠种植树木。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的结构，其中宾语the first highway与非谓语动词build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已经完成，所以使用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填built。
【54题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着第一条穿越沙漠的公路在这里建成，人们开始在整个沙漠种植树木。结合句意可知，此处特指上文的库布齐沙漠，用定冠词the。故填the。
【55题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，他们的辛勤工作激发了“Kubuqi 精神”，鼓励当地人极力奉献给沙漠。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子，ultimate的副词为ultimately意为“最终”所以应用副词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Ultimately。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最终，他们的辛勤工作激发了“Kubuqi 精神”，鼓励当地人极力奉献给沙漠。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处应使用不定式形式作宾补，结合句意，此处devote与宾语local people之间为主动关系。故填to devote。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：30多年来，Kubuqi的植树技术进一步提高。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，improve的名词为improvement意为“提高”符合句意，且为不可数名词。故填improvement。
58题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：现在工人们可以在十秒钟内种下一棵树，树木的成活率超过80%。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据空前的ten可知，此处应填可数名词复数，ten seconds意为“十秒钟”。故填seconds。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Meng Keda的家族世代生活在Kubuqi沙漠深处，2006年，他开始做旅游生意，去年赚了30万元。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Meng Keda，与空后的名词family之间为所属关系，所以使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语。故填whose。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：Meng Keda的家族世代生活在Kubuqi沙漠深处，2006年，他开始做旅游生意，去年赚了30万元。分析句子结构可知，“began a tourism business”与“earned about 300,000 yuan”之间为并列结构，结合句意，两者之间为并列关系，所以此处使用并列连词and。故填and。
第四部分基础知识填空 (共三节，满分30分)
第一节 单项选择 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
61. It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. that B. why C. what D. as
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句。主语从句中句意完整，不缺成分，所以用that引导主语从句。故选A。
62. To be an inventor, one needs wide knowledge as well as a very ________ imagination.
A. bright B. vivid C. living D. colorful
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要成为一名发明家，需要广泛的知识和丰富的想象力。A. bright明亮的；B. vivid丰富的；C. living活的；D. colorful鲜艳的。根据“To be an inventor”可知，发明家需要广泛的知识以及丰富的想象力。故选B。
63. ________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统亲自出席会议给了他们极大的鼓舞。根据句子成分分析判定缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故选D。
64. The speech was so ________ that they were all ________.
A. inspiring; exciting B. inspired; excited
C. inspiring; excited D. inspired; exciting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：演讲很鼓舞人心，他们都很兴奋。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，-ing结尾的形容词修饰物；-ed结尾的形容词修饰人；inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”，inspired意为“受到鼓舞的”；exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，excited意为“使人感到兴奋的”。句中第一空the speech为物，故使用inspiring；第二空主语为they为人，故用excited。故选C。
【点睛】
65. —Did you close the door
—Yes, I remember ________ it.
A. to close B. to closing C. closed D. closing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你关门了吗？——是的，我记得关上了它。分析句子，句中remember doing表示“记得做过某事”；remember to do意为“记得去做某事（某事未做）”。根据句意，此处表示关门动作已经发生，故使用动名词作宾语。故选D。
66. Now every means ________ prevent the water from ________.
A. get used to; polluted B. is used to; being polluted
C. gets used to; pollution D. are used to; polluting
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。句意：现在每一种方法都被用来防止水被污染。分析句子结构可知，主语是every means(每一种方法)，其中means是名词，表示“方法”，单复数同行，由前面的every可知，此处主语是单数，根据句意可知，此处表示“每一种方法被用来”，应用be/get used to do表示“被用来”。Prevent sth. from doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“防止某事……”，此处表示“防止水被污染”，所以应用动名词的被动式：being polluted，故选B。
67. Do you know that _____ with wise men improves your mind
A. chat B. chats C. chatted D. chatting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你知道和智者聊天可以提高你的智力吗？分析句子结构可知，know引导的宾语从句缺主语，应用动名词短语作主语。故选D。
68. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：问题是，我们下周是否要举行运动会。该句主语是The question，系动词is做谓语，后面的整个句子是表语。 结合句意可知，用whether引导，在表语从句中不做任何成分，表示“是否”的含义。故选D。
69. ________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences.
A. What B. That
C. This D. Which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查that引导的主语从句。句意：国与国之间的时装差异可以反映出其文化的差异。因为该主语从句是一个完整的句子，不缺少句子成分，所以要用that引导。
70. Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever
C. whomever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。A. whatever任何事物；B. whoever任何人；C. whomever任何人；D. whichever无论哪个。空格所在部分是主语从句，缺少主语，用连接代词，是人获奖，故排除AD，因为需要做主语，只能用主格代词，故选B。
[名师点睛]
主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)
1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。
That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that…
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
Who will go makes no difference.
It is known to us that he is a famous singer.
It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.
本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。
2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别
区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思
*Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.
*Whoever comes here is welcomed.
*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.
*The gift will be given to whomever I like.
wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
= No matter what happened, he……
第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或中文提示完成句子，每空一词，必须使用选择性必修第一册Unit 3至选择性必修第二册Unit 1所学的单词。
71. In fact, my opinions are not always ________ (相同的) with my parents’.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】identical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：事实上，我的观点并不总是和我父母的一致。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“相同的”用identical。故填identical。
72. The public service advertisement is designed to________ (呼吁) to people not to smoke. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appeal
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这则公益广告的目的是呼吁人们不要吸烟。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“呼吁”用appeal。故填appeal。
73. You must first________ (使相信;说服) them of your enthusiasm for the job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convince
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你必须首先使他们相信你对这份工作的热情。分析句子，设空处置于情态动词must之后，故使用动词原形。表示“使相信，说服”用convince。故填convince。
74. He is not a ________ (可靠的；可信赖的) person, for he never carries out his promises. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】reliable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他不是个可靠的人，因为他从不履行诺言。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰person，根据提示的汉语可知，表示“可靠的；可信赖的”应为reliable。故填reliable。
75. Governments will act on the________ (假定;设定) that the stable economic growth will improve people’s quality of life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】assumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府的行动将基于这样一个假设: 稳定的经济增长将提高人民的生活质量。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词assumption“假设”。on the assumption that...“假设……”。故填assumption。
76. They help the body defend itself against some kinds of i ________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】infections##nfections
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：它们帮助身体抵御某些感染。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为infection意为“感染”，此处为可数名词，空前有some kinds of修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填infections。
77. What an a ________ child! Her smile melts (使……软化) my heart. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】adorable##dorable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：多么可爱的孩子！她的微笑融化了我的心。根据首字母以及“Her smile melts (使……软化) my heart”可知，她是一个可爱的孩子。adorable“可爱的”，形容词在句中作定语。故填adorable。
78. The book aims to cover all a_________ of city life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】aspects##spects
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书旨在涵盖城市生活的所有方面。根据首字母和句意提示可知，是“方面”，以及前面的修饰词all可知，该处可填写名词aspect，且应使用复数形式。故填aspects。
79. Mom asked me to a ________ her to the supermarket to buy some fruits. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accompany##ccompany
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：妈妈让我陪她去超市买些水果。根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为accompany意为“陪同”符合句意，分析句子结构可知，此空位于不定式符号to之后，且表示主动意义。故填accompany。
80. I had to say that I was impressed by her because she h________ the affair so perfectly. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】handled##andled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我不得不说，她给我的印象很深刻，因为她处理事务是如此完美。空格处是从句谓语动词，根据 had to可知空格处要用一般过去时，结合首字母可知动词handle符合题意。故填handled
第三节 完成句子 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据所给的中文，补全下列各句，必须使用选择性必修第一册Unit 3至选择性必修第二册Unit 1所学的短语或词块。
81. 在听了他们的描述之后，你可以推断出谁参加了虚拟对话。
After listening to their stories, you could ________ ________ on who has participated in the virtual conversation.
【答案】 ①. make ②. inferences
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，设空处置于情态动词could之后故使用动词短语。表示“推断”用make inferences。故填make inferences。
【点睛】
82. 据估计，这项治理水污染的工程至少要耗费三年的时间。
________ the project to control water pollution will take at least three years.
【答案】It is estimated that
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查句子结构。本句中用到It is v-ed that......句式，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。结合汉语句意可知，设空处缺少的正是It is v-ed that这部分，动词estimate表示“估计”。故填It is estimated that。
【点睛】
83. 他在父亲去世之后掌管了农场。
He was ________ ________ of the farm after his father’s death.
【答案】 ①. in ②. charge
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，表示“掌管，负责”应为固定短语in charge of作表语，分析句子可知，空后已经有介词of。故填①in②charge。
84. 众所周知，一些动物有长脖子，它们不得不以吃大树的叶子为生。
As we all know, some animals have long necks and they have to________ the leaves of tall trees.
【答案】live off
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子结合中文句意可知，此处缺少动作“以……为生”，短语live off符合题意，空处位于情态动词have to后，动词用原形，故填live off。
85. 她再次考试没有及格，但是她的哥哥相比之下考得非常好。
She failed the exam again, but her brother, ________ ________, did it very well.
【答案】 ①. by ②. contrast/comparison
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“相比之下”应为by comparison或者by contrast符合语境。故填①by②contrast/comparison。
第五部分 写作 (满分25分)
86. 近年来，有机农业已成为一个热点话题，为此你班同学在上周的英语课上展开了一场关于有机农业的讨论。请你根据下表提示写一篇文章向你校英文报投稿。
80％赞同
●降低环境污染的程度 ●降低农业生产成本
20％反对 目前有机食物不能满足市场需求
你的观点 ……
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In recent years, organic farming has been very popular, so our class had a discussion about it last week. Opinions are different about this topic.
80% of the students are in favor of it. Firstly, they think that organic farming is beneficial to the environment by reducing the level of pollution. Secondly, organic farming reduces the costs of agricultural production. However, 20% of the students think that now organic food can’t meet market demand, and that there is still a long way for organic farming to provide sufficient food.
In my opinion, we should hold a positive attitude to organic farming, and I believe that it will be very mature in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据表格中的内容写一篇文章向学校英文报投稿，介绍一下上周英语课上展开的一场关于有机农业讨论的情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
受欢迎的：popular → well-received
观点，看法：opinion → viewpoint
有好处的：beneficial → of benefit
积极的：positive → optimistic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Opinions are different about this topic.
拓展句：Opinions are different about this topic, which I’d like to share with you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, they think that organic farming is beneficial to the environment by reducing the level of pollution. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】However, 20% of the students think that now organic food can’t meet market demand, and that there is still a long way for organic farming to provide sufficient food. (运用了that引导的两个宾语从句)

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