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长安一中高三第三次质量检测
英语试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分):
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the woman forget
A．Her gloves. B．Her scarf. C．Her coat.
2．What does the boy suggest doing
A．Heading for the circus. B．Playing with small animals. C．Going to the farm.
3．How far is the last stop sign
A．Two blocks away. B．Three blocks away. C．Five blocks away.
4．Why couldn’t the woman hear the man clearly
A．The man was eating. B．The man was in the shower. C．The woman has bad hearing.
5．Where are the speakers
A．In a gas station. B．In a clinic. C．In an interview room.
二、第二节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
6．How many people were going on the trip at first
A．Four. B．Three. C．Two.
7．Why does the woman want to reschedule
A．The tickets will be cheaper later.
B．The trip will cost more than her budget.
C．The museum will be changed.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
8．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Mother and son. C．Strangers.
9．Why did bakers put an extra piece of bread in a bag in the past
A．There was more space in the bag.
B．They wanted to make the customers happy.
C．They were afraid to be punished for giving too little.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
10．How does the woman feel about the dinner
A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Relaxed.
11．Who does the woman have something in common with
A．The man’s sister. B．The man’s mother. C．The man’s grandma.
12．What will the woman bring to the dinner
A．Some decorations. B．Something to eat. C．Something to drink.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
13．What is the girl’s project topic related to
A．History. B．Foreign language. C．International relations.
14．When will the trip to Paris begin
A．On Friday. B．In five days. C．About half a month later.
15．What might help persuade the girl’s father to let her go
A．That many other students will be going.
B．That almost everything will already be paid for.
C．That the group will visit many interesting places.
16．Who is the man
A．The school principal. B．A college professor. C．A high school teacher.
听下面一段独白, 回答小题。
17．Which statement do most people agree with
A．People should eat less meat.
B．The endangered animals shouldn’t be hunted.
C．Hunting is likely to go down worldwide.
18．Why are there so many white-tailed deer in the United States
A．It is illegal to hunt them.
B．Other animals don’t kill them.
C．Their natural environment is improving fast.
19．What is the good reason for hunters to shoot the deer
A．The deer cause car accidents.
B．The deer damage the crop.
C．The deer harm other animals.
20．What is the best argument against deer hunting
A．It is considered to be cruel.
B．It leads to more human deaths.
C．It doesn’t keep their numbers down.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike for 300, but most ebikes cost nearly 2,000. Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.
Best folding bike
Carbo Model X
Price: 2, 799 | Weight: 13.3kg
Range: up to 34 miles
This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, oily chain.
Most stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: from 2, 995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up to 74 miles
This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It’s a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.
The money-no-object option
Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX
Price: 5, 380 | Weight: 28.4kg
Range: up to 93 miles
This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality — if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.
1. What is the advantage of the Temples over other stylish ebike brands
A They are more lightweight. B. They have more functions.
C. They have easier access to service. D. They are more comfortable.
2. Which ebike will a consumer probably choose, who cares most about an excellent experience
A. Carbo Model X. B. The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.
C. Temple Cycles Classic. D. Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An online post. B. A magazine column.
C. A market research report. D. An official document.
B
Four years ago, Rome Leykin was on his way to work when he accidentally fell onto the tracks of Brooklyn's train as a subway was approaching. The incident resulted in the loss of both of his legs.
But surprisingly, with the loss of his legs, Leykin gained a new passion for racing. Before his accident, he wasn't really that athletic. He would just occasionally play basketball. But that all changed after he was introduced to hand cycling. “When I saw it, I was like, ‘Oh, this is great. You don't even need legs to use it. This is perfect.’” he said. “So, I got on it, I rode and fell in love with it right away.”
Within a few months, he completed the TD Five Boro Bike Tour. a 40-mile ride through New York City. After that, he did his first marathon in 2021. He fished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes, placing 12th out of 38.
“I'm going to attend this year's marathon and take on challenges. My hands are on the wheel, my eyes are focused, and I think my time is going to speak for itself.” he said. He's made a significant commitment to training. He hand cycles at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week and spends a lot of time in the gym.
And he plans to keep pursuing his athlete goals. He wants to complete the Abbott Six-the world's six largest marathons. One day, he said, he'll maybe even make the Paralympics.
For those who might be following his journey, he hopes they will take some lessons from his story. “There will be ups and downs but the trend is what's important. Focus on the good,” he said. “And also, take your big problems and split them into small solutions. And then all of a sudden, your big problems turn into many small wins.”
4. What can we learn about Rome Leykin from paragraph 2
A. He once was an excellent basketball player.
B. He considered hand cycling difficult in the beginning.
C. He made hand cycling more popular among the disabled.
D. He showed an interest in hand cycling the moment he saw it.
5. How did Rome Leykin feel about the coming marathon
A. Worried. B. Curious. C. Confident. D. Nervous.
6. Which of the following can best describe Rome Leykin
A. Easy-going and reliable. B. Kind-hearted and helpful.
C. Open-minded and creative. D. Strong-willed and ambitious.
7. What message does Rome Leykin convey in the last paragraph
A. Stick to your dreams. B. Break down your goals.
C. Focus on your strengths. D. Achieve success at all costs.
C
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By analyzing data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species’ chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
“We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
“We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network ( NEON ) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond.
8. What does the new study in North America show
A. Pests could destroy crops.
B Some ground beetles will not survive a climate change.
C. The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
D Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
9. What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4
A. There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
B. Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate.
C. Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
D. The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
10. How did the research team carry out the study
A. By analyzing data.
B. By studying documents.
C. By doing field research.
D. By performing experiments.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
B. A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
C. Crop - saving Beetles under Climate Threat
D. New Breakthrough in Biodiversity Research
D
Automation (自动化) was a hot topic. Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved.
A. J. Hayes, a leader(and no relation to me), wrote in 1964: Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient-and thus more valuable-automation threatens to make them superfluous (过剩的)-and thus without value. The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions, and there were also many milder views. But I think it’s fair to say that most early students of automation, including both critics and enthusiasts, believed the new technology would lead us into a world where people worked much less.
As for economic consequences, worries about unemployment have certainly not gone away-not with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 million workers in our country alone. But recent job losses are commonly attributed to causes other than automation, such as competition from overseas or a roller-coaster financial system. In any case, the vision of a world where machines do all the work and people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.
The spread of automation outside of the factory has altered its social and economic impact in some curious ways. In many cases, the net effect of automation is not that machines are doing work that people used to do. Instead we’ve dispensed with the people who used to be paid to run the ma-chines, and we’ve learned to run them ourselves. These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writers on automation, both optimists and pessimists. So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived us of the opportunity to work. Instead, we’re working more than ever.
What about trades closer to my own vital interests Will science be automated Technology al-ready has a central role in many areas of research; for example, genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-bench methods. Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than re-placing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we’ll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research. And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton, then surely the science writer can’t hold out either. I’m ready for my 15-hour work-week.
12. In Paragraph 1, the writer mainly wants to convey that .
A. automation results in unemployment on
B. automation does more harm than good
C. the issue of automation is still in discussion
D. automation brings in much convenience in life
13. According to A. J. Hayes, we can infer .
A. automation is more valuable than what we imagine
B. automation is a revolutionary force to better development
C. the disadvantages of automation far outweigh the advantages
D. the new technology would lead people into working much less
14. What does the underlined word possibly mean
A. Put. . . down for. B. Set. . . free from.
C. Bring. . . into. D. Take. . . away from.
15. What can we conclude from this passage
A. People needn’t work so hard due to automation.
B Traditional labor force will be replaced in the near future.
C. Automation should be accepted reasonably in development.
D. Automation results in more job losses in the writer’s country.
第二节：七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (疗法) is finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action. The best possible one is under the care of an experienced mental health care provider. Still, if you are hoping to stop being paralyzed (麻痹) by anxiety and use this energy to fuel and improve your life, you can. ___16___
Set a goal. Goal-setting is one way to use your anxiety as fuel. Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries. What are you most concerned about ___17___ Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.
Challenge yourself regularly to build resilience. Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle. ___18___ Rather than avoiding those situations that cause anxiety, gradually expose yourself to them more often. When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power. For instance, if you hate public speaking, you might benefit from signing up for a local Toastmasters club. Doing so will allow you to practice speaking in front of a group more often, which will reduce your anxiety.
___19___ Anxiety can feel like a live wire in your body. You can’t sit still or focus. Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like fighting off illness and helping you manage weight. One of the benefits most helpful to you, however, is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your mood.
Perform reality testing. You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts, giving them permission to get you all worked up. ___20___ Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking. To assess the reality of this situation, you want to ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did your friends actually call you lame Are they avoiding you
A. Put them to the test instead.
B. What are your biggest fears
C. Burn off nervous energy with physical activity.
D. When you find yourself becoming anxious, check your thought patterns
E. Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies.
F. How can you deal with getting fired if it does happen
G. The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school. Usually, on holidays, Mother___21___me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, ____22____,I felt like getting up early.
I stood by my window overlooking the ____23____, having nothing better to do. But as it turned out, I was soon to learn about something ____24____ in life.
As I watched several people go by, get into their cars and go off, I ____25____ an old man on a bicycle with a bucket on its ____26____ and a basket rags and bottles on its back-carriage. He ____27____ from one car to another, washing and cleaning them. From the water on the ground, it seemed that he had already ____28____ washing and cleaning about a dozen or more cars. He must have begun to work quite early in the morning.
Several thoughts ____29____my mind as I watched him work. He wasn’t well-dressed. He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) _____30_____ T-shirt. The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern _____31_____would want to be seen riding on. But he seemed_____32_____ with life. There he was, working hard at his small business, _____33_____ at passers-by and stopping to chat now and then _____34_____ elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.
There was a noticeable touch of_____35_____ in the way he seemed to be doing things— _____36_____the windscreen, then standing back to admire it; scrubbing the wheels and _____37_____, standing back to see what they look like after the scrub.
It was a _____38_____ to learn, I felt. At no age need one have to beg for a _____39_____if one has good health and is willing to work hard. For a while I felt ____40____ of myself. Young as I am—just sixteen, and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the sun appeared above the horizon.
21. A. forces B. allows C. causes D. forbids
22. A. otherwise B. therefore C. however D. besides
23. A. parking lot B. bus stop C. school D. market
24. A. interesting B. surprising C. awful D. useful
25. A. noticed B. recognized C. called D. assisted
26. A. back B. handle C. wheel D. seat
27. A. searched B. left C. moved D. wandered
28. A. stopped B. started C. intended D. finished
29. A. crossed B. slipped C. disturbed D. inspired
30. A. attractive B. shiny C. simple D. expensive
31. A. repairmen B. businessmen C. drivers D. cyclists
32. A. busy B. content C. careful D. bored
33 A. waving B. looking C. laughing D. pointing
34. A. about B. for C. with D. like
35. A. worry B. respect C. sympathy D. pride
36. A. cleaning B. fixing C. replacing D. covering
37. A. still B. yet C. again D. soon
38. A. lesson B. subject C. skill D. fact
39. A. business B. living C. success D. right
40. A. tired B. doubtful C. fearful D. ashamed
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years, ___41___ construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times ___42___ length of the Panama Canal. It is a golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing ___43___ (pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems.
The canal___44___(function) as the backbone of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt, ___45___ (log) and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, contributing ___46___ (large) to ancient China’s economy. The canal enormously promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north ___47___ south, which ensured the country’s ___48___ (stable).
In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan ___49___ (construct) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. During the last 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks ____50____ (recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt.
第四部分 写作 （共三节，满分45分）
第一节：单词拼写：（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
根据句子，填入适合句意的单词的正确形式，每空只能填一词。
51. The judge’s ________(结论) was that Mr. Smith was innocent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. It was very ________(体贴) of you to let us know the fact. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. Sam nodded but he didn’t look ________ (确信). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. ________ (好奇) killed the cat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55. The chairman________(宣布) the ceremony open and we all cheered. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56. He gave us a brief ________(描述) of the accident. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. We should make every ________(努力) to treat the sick. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58. There are a lot of pieces of ________(设备) in the gym. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59. Environment problems are discussed quite ________(频繁) in the news. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. I was ________(禁止) from meeting net friends. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节：短文改错: (共10分)
61. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This morning I got up early and went to school as usually, only find there was nobody in the classroom because it was Sunday. “How a bad memory I have!” I couldn’t help laughing. Stand in front of the school gate, I began to wonder what to do next. Suddenly a good idea occurs to me. “Why not get together with some good friends for a picnic in such a fine weather ” I immediately telephoned some of my best friends, but they all agreed to come to join me. About two hours late, we finally arrived a pleasant park with trees and flowers here and there. We really enjoyed us hugely.
第三节： 书面表达（满分25分）
62. 假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter对你博客里的一幅漫画很感兴趣，给你留言询问其含义。请你根据以下提示给他回贴。1) 成语“闻鸡起舞”的典故；2) 成语寓意。
注意：1) 词数100左右；2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3) 开头语已给出。
参考词汇：patriotic 爱国的；crow 啼叫，报晓
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li hua
听力1-5 BCCAB 6-10 ACACB 11-15 ACACB 16-20 CBBAB长安一中高三第三次质量检测
英语试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分):
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the woman forget
A．Her gloves. B．Her scarf. C．Her coat.
2．What does the boy suggest doing
A．Heading for the circus. B．Playing with small animals. C．Going to the farm.
3．How far is the last stop sign
A．Two blocks away. B．Three blocks away. C．Five blocks away.
4．Why couldn’t the woman hear the man clearly
A．The man was eating. B．The man was in the shower. C．The woman has bad hearing.
5．Where are the speakers
A．In a gas station. B．In a clinic. C．In an interview room.
二、第二节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
6．How many people were going on the trip at first
A．Four. B．Three. C．Two.
7．Why does the woman want to reschedule
A．The tickets will be cheaper later.
B．The trip will cost more than her budget.
C．The museum will be changed.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
8．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Mother and son. C．Strangers.
9．Why did bakers put an extra piece of bread in a bag in the past
A．There was more space in the bag.
B．They wanted to make the customers happy.
C．They were afraid to be punished for giving too little.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
10．How does the woman feel about the dinner
A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Relaxed.
11．Who does the woman have something in common with
A．The man’s sister. B．The man’s mother. C．The man’s grandma.
12．What will the woman bring to the dinner
A．Some decorations. B．Something to eat. C．Something to drink.
听下面一段长对话, 回答小题。
13．What is the girl’s project topic related to
A．History. B．Foreign language. C．International relations.
14．When will the trip to Paris begin
A．On Friday. B．In five days. C．About half a month later.
15．What might help persuade the girl’s father to let her go
A．That many other students will be going.
B．That almost everything will already be paid for.
C．That the group will visit many interesting places.
16．Who is the man
A．The school principal. B．A college professor. C．A high school teacher.
听下面一段独白, 回答小题。
17．Which statement do most people agree with
A．People should eat less meat.
B．The endangered animals shouldn’t be hunted.
C．Hunting is likely to go down worldwide.
18．Why are there so many white-tailed deer in the United States
A．It is illegal to hunt them.
B．Other animals don’t kill them.
C．Their natural environment is improving fast.
19．What is the good reason for hunters to shoot the deer
A．The deer cause car accidents.
B．The deer damage the crop.
C．The deer harm other animals.
20．What is the best argument against deer hunting
A．It is considered to be cruel.
B．It leads to more human deaths.
C．It doesn’t keep their numbers down.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike for 300, but most ebikes cost nearly 2,000. Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.
Best folding bike
Carbo Model X
Price: 2, 799 | Weight: 13.3kg
Range: up to 34 miles
This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, oily chain.
Most stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: from 2, 995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up to 74 miles
This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It’s a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.
The money-no-object option
Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX
Price: 5, 380 | Weight: 28.4kg
Range: up to 93 miles
This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality — if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.
1. What is the advantage of the Temples over other stylish ebike brands
A. They are more lightweight. B. They have more functions.
C. They have easier access to service. D. They are more comfortable.
2. Which ebike will a consumer probably choose, who cares most about an excellent experience
A. Carbo Model X. B. The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.
C. Temple Cycles Classic. D. Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An online post. B. A magazine column.
C. A market research report. D. An official document.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Cycling Electric推荐的三款电动自行车。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二款自行车介绍部分的“Temples have fewer proprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.(Temples的专用部件较少，因此在任何自行车商店都可以维修。尽管VanMoofs和Cowboys可能很时髦，但要获得支持和服务可能会有点复杂。)”可知，Temples比其他时尚的电动自行车品牌的优势是它们更容易获得服务。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一款车的介绍部分的“This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality— if you can afford it.(如果你能负担得起的话，这是一个注重细节，在功能、舒适和实用性方面提供高质量体验的典型例子。)”可知，最关心良好的体验的消费者会选择Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.(现在，旨在帮助消费者选择电动自行车的Cycling Electric提供了以下建议。)”可知，主要介绍的是Cycling Electric推荐的三款电动自行车，因此很可能是来自于一个杂志专栏。故选B。
B
Four years ago, Rome Leykin was on his way to work when he accidentally fell onto the tracks of Brooklyn's train as a subway was approaching. The incident resulted in the loss of both of his legs.
But surprisingly, with the loss of his legs, Leykin gained a new passion for racing. Before his accident, he wasn't really that athletic. He would just occasionally play basketball. But that all changed after he was introduced to hand cycling. “When I saw it, I was like, ‘Oh, this is great. You don't even need legs to use it. This is perfect.’” he said. “So, I got on it, I rode and fell in love with it right away.”
Within a few months, he completed the TD Five Boro Bike Tour. a 40-mile ride through New York City. After that, he did his first marathon in 2021. He fished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes, placing 12th out of 38.
“I'm going to attend this year's marathon and take on challenges. My hands are on the wheel, my eyes are focused, and I think my time is going to speak for itself.” he said. He's made a significant commitment to training. He hand cycles at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week and spends a lot of time in the gym.
And he plans to keep pursuing his athlete goals. He wants to complete the Abbott Six-the world's six largest marathons. One day, he said, he'll maybe even make the Paralympics.
For those who might be following his journey, he hopes they will take some lessons from his story. “There will be ups and downs but the trend is what's important. Focus on the good,” he said. “And also, take your big problems and split them into small solutions. And then all of a sudden, your big problems turn into many small wins.”
4. What can we learn about Rome Leykin from paragraph 2
A. He once was an excellent basketball player.
B. He considered hand cycling difficult in the beginning.
C. He made hand cycling more popular among the disabled.
D. He showed an interest in hand cycling the moment he saw it.
5. How did Rome Leykin feel about the coming marathon
A. Worried. B. Curious. C. Confident. D. Nervous.
6. Which of the following can best describe Rome Leykin
A. Easy-going and reliable. B. Kind-hearted and helpful.
C. Open-minded and creative. D. Strong-willed and ambitious.
7. What message does Rome Leykin convey in the last paragraph
A. Stick to your dreams. B. Break down your goals.
C. Focus on your strengths. D. Achieve success at all costs.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罗姆·雷金（Rome Leykin）在一次意外事故中失去双腿后，通过手动脚踏车运动重新找到了对运动的热情，并开始参加手动自行车比赛和马拉松比赛。他坚定地训练自己，希望能够完成世界六大马拉松赛事，甚至进入残奥会。他希望人们从他的故事中学到：面对问题要专注于积极的一面，将大问题拆分为小的解决方案，从小胜利中获得成长。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““When I saw it, I was like, ‘Oh, this is great. You don't even need legs to use it. This is perfect.’” he said. “So, I got on it, I rode and fell in love with it right away.”(“当我看到它的时候，我就想，‘哦，这太棒了。你甚至不需要腿就能使用它。这是完美的。’”他说。“所以，我骑上了它，马上就爱上了它。”)”可知，他一看到手动自行车就表现出了兴趣。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“He's made a significant commitment to training. He hand cycles at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week and spends a lot of time in the gym.(他对训练作出了重大承诺。他每周骑几次自行车至少13.1英里，并花很多时间在健身房。)”可知，他对即将到来的比赛，做了大量的准备和训练，因此是信心满满的。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Within a few months, he completed the TD Five Boro Bike Tour. a 40-mile ride through New York City. After that, he did his first marathon in 2021. He fished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes, placing 12th out of 38.(在几个月内，他完成了TD五Boro自行车之旅。在纽约市骑行40英里之后，他在2021年参加了自己的第一次马拉松比赛。他以2小时11分钟的成绩完成了比赛，在38名选手中排名第12。)”以及倒数第二段中“He wants to complete the Abbott Six-the world's six largest marathons. One day, he said, he'll maybe even make the Paralympics.(他想完成雅培六场马拉松赛——世界上最大的六场马拉松赛。他说，有一天，他甚至可能参加残奥会。)”可知，Rome Leykin不仅身残志坚，而且还积极准备参加更多的比赛。由此体现出他是意志坚强和有着远大抱负的人。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And also, take your big problems and split them into small solutions. And then all of a sudden, your big problems turn into many small wins.(同时，把你的大问题分解成小的解决方案。然后突然之间，你的大问题变成了许多小胜利。)”可知，Rome Leykin认为在实现目标过程中，面对问题要专注于积极的一面，将大问题拆分为小的解决方案，从小胜利中获得成长。B选项“Break down your goals.(拆分你的目标)”符合文章信息。故选B。
C
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By analyzing data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species’ chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
“We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study. “That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
“We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network ( NEON ) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond.
8. What does the new study in North America show
A. Pests could destroy crops.
B. Some ground beetles will not survive a climate change.
C. The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
D. Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
9. What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4
A. There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
B. Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate.
C. Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
D. The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
10. How did the research team carry out the study
A. By analyzing data.
B. By studying documents.
C. By doing field research.
D. By performing experiments.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
B. A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
C. Crop - saving Beetles under Climate Threat
D. New Breakthrough in Biodiversity Research
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究表明，在北美发现的保护农作物的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. (但美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究表明，在北美发现的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。一些可能会减少。)”可知，北美的这项新研究表明，一些地面甲虫将无法在气候变化中生存。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“‘We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate,’ said Tong Qiu, who led the study. ‘That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems. ’ But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.(该研究的负责人佟邱说:‘我们发现，在温暖干燥的气候中，流动性较差、不能飞行的地面甲虫更有可能随着时间的推移而减少，而地面甲虫是重要的害虫控制剂。’‘这意味着会有更多的害虫影响农业和森林生态系统。’但我们有理由抱有希望，邱补充说，因为分析还表明，栖息地保护可以减轻这些影响，并在一些地区扭转趋势。)”以及第四段“‘We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems, ’ said Qiu.( 邱说：‘我们希望保护生物学家能够利用这些信息和我们创建的在线地图来更好地管理昆虫的栖息地。地面甲虫对生态系统非常有益，但普通人基本上看不见它们。在这篇论文中，我们展示了它们对整个森林和农业生态系统社区的广泛影响。’)”可知，在第3段和第4段想表达，地面甲虫的重要性应该得到广泛的认识。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network ( NEON ) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond. (研究人员使用了来自美国国家科学基金会国家生态观测网络(NEON)和11项先前发表的研究的地面甲虫数量数据，来测量和绘制甲虫在北美的分布。通过使用NEON的成像仪器创建详细的三维景观图像，可以获得诸如森林冠层间隙位置和森林地面植物密度等栖息地信息。然后，他们将收集到的数据输入计算机模型来模拟气候变化，以研究昆虫会如何反应。)”可知，研究小组通过分析数据来开展这项研究。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. (许多北美作物的成功部分取决于地面甲虫，一种吃害虫和杂草种子的小昆虫，否则会破坏作物。但美国和加拿大研究人员的一项新研究表明，在北美发现的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来。一些可能会减少。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新研究表明，在北美发现的保护农作物的近2000种地面甲虫并不是都能在气候变化中生存下来，为了保护它们，研究人员通过分析数据开展进一步研究。C项“气候威胁下拯救作物甲虫”符合题意，为文章最佳标题。故选C项。
D
Automation (自动化) was a hot topic. Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved.
A. J. Hayes, a leader(and no relation to me), wrote in 1964: Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient-and thus more valuable-automation threatens to make them superfluous (过剩的)-and thus without value. The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions, and there were also many milder views. But I think it’s fair to say that most early students of automation, including both critics and enthusiasts, believed the new technology would lead us into a world where people worked much less.
As for economic consequences, worries about unemployment have certainly not gone away-not with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 million workers in our country alone. But recent job losses are commonly attributed to causes other than automation, such as competition from overseas or a roller-coaster financial system. In any case, the vision of a world where machines do all the work and people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.
The spread of automation outside of the factory has altered its social and economic impact in some curious ways. In many cases, the net effect of automation is not that machines are doing work that people used to do. Instead we’ve dispensed with the people who used to be paid to run the ma-chines, and we’ve learned to run them ourselves. These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writers on automation, both optimists and pessimists. So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived us of the opportunity to work. Instead, we’re working more than ever.
What about trades closer to my own vital interests Will science be automated Technology al-ready has a central role in many areas of research; for example, genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-bench methods. Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than re-placing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we’ll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research. And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton, then surely the science writer can’t hold out either. I’m ready for my 15-hour work-week.
12. In Paragraph 1 the writer mainly wants to convey that .
A. automation results in unemployment on
B. automation does more harm than good
C the issue of automation is still in discussion
D. automation brings in much convenience in life
13. According to A. J. Hayes, we can infer .
A. automation is more valuable than what we imagine
B. automation is a revolutionary force to better development
C. the disadvantages of automation far outweigh the advantages
D. the new technology would lead people into working much less
14. What does the underlined word possibly mean
A. Put. . . down for. B. Set. . . free from.
C. Bring. . . into. D. Take. . . away from.
15. What can we conclude from this passage
A. People needn’t work so hard due to automation.
B. Traditional labor force will be replaced in the near future.
C. Automation should be accepted reasonably in development.
D. Automation results in more job losses in the writer’s country.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者对于生活中自动化的评价及看法。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved.(几乎每个人都同意，一旦计算机和其他种类的自动机器普及，人们的工作就会减少。对乐观主义者来说，这是一个解放的承诺：人类最终将从无休止的辛劳中解脱出来，我们都可以把时间花在更精致的追求上。但其他人看到了一种威胁：数百万人将失去工作，绝望的群众将在街上游荡。从50年前看过去，关于自动化的争论似乎是一个古怪而奇怪的插曲。这场争论从未得到解决。)”可知，自从自动化产生，人们对于其孰优孰劣的争论一直持续不断。由此可知，本段主要想表达的内容是自动化的问题仍在讨论中。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient-and thus more valuable-automation threatens to make them superfluous (过剩的)-and thus without value.(自动化不仅是一种新型的机械化，而且是一种能够颠覆我们社会秩序的革命性力量。机械化使工人更有效率，因此更有价值，而自动化威胁使他们成为多余的，因此没有价值。)”可推知，根据A. J. Hayes的说法，自动化是更好发展的革命性力量。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work(到目前为止，自动化并没有把我们从工作的需要中解放出来)”和“Instead, we’re working more than ever.(相反，我们比以往任何时候都更努力工作。)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“到目前为止，自动化既没有把我们从工作的需要中解放出来，也没有剥夺我们工作的机会”，划线词的意思是“剥夺”，和D选项“Take... away from”意思相近，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than re-placing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we’ll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research.(替换科学家可能比替换实验室技术人员要困难一些，但当一台机器表现出足够的好奇心和毅力时，我认为我们将不得不欢迎它作为热心研究的伙伴。)”可推知，在发展中应合理接受自动化。故选C。
第二节：七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the primary goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (疗法) is finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action. The best possible one is under the care of an experienced mental health care provider. Still, if you are hoping to stop being paralyzed (麻痹) by anxiety and use this energy to fuel and improve your life, you can. ___16___
Set a goal. Goal-setting is one way to use your anxiety as fuel. Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries. What are you most concerned about ___17___ Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.
Challenge yourself regularly to build resilience. Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle. ___18___ Rather than avoiding those situations that cause anxiety, gradually expose yourself to them more often. When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power. For instance, if you hate public speaking, you might benefit from signing up for a local Toastmasters club. Doing so will allow you to practice speaking in front of a group more often, which will reduce your anxiety.
___19___ Anxiety can feel like a live wire in your body. You can’t sit still or focus. Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy. Exercise offers a host of benefits like fighting off illness and helping you manage weight. One of the benefits most helpful to you, however, is its ability to neutralize anxiety and improve your mood.
Perform reality testing. You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts, giving them permission to get you all worked up. ___20___ Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking. To assess the reality of this situation, you want to ask what evidence is there that says this is true. Did your friends actually call you lame Are they avoiding you
A. Put them to the test instead.
B. What are your biggest fears
C. Burn off nervous energy with physical activity.
D. When you find yourself becoming anxious, check your thought patterns
E. Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies.
F. How can you deal with getting fired if it does happen
G. The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章旨在教育读者如何将焦虑转化为行动，从而改善生活质量和增强心理韧性。
【16题详解】
根据上文“finding effective ways to channel your anxiety into productive action(找到有效的方法将你的焦虑转化为富有成效的行动。)”可知，此处上下文说的是找到方法将焦虑转化为行动，与E项“Just transform anxiety into action by using positive strategies(使用积极的策略将焦虑转化为行动)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take notice of your anxious thoughts and worries.( 注意你焦虑的想法和担忧。)”以及下文“Instead of shaking in your boots, get to work developing a plan that allows you to overcome these fears.(与其坐立不安，不如着手制定一个计划，让你克服这些恐惧。)”可推理出，空白处表示的是要找到你最害怕的东西，与B项“What are your biggest fears (你最害怕的是什么？)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Think of your resilience to anxiety as a muscle.(把你对焦虑的抵抗力想象成一块肌肉。)”以及下文“When you do this, you will find that, over time, they lose their power.(当你这样做的时候，你会发现，随着时间的推移，它们会失去力量。)”可知，此处上下文说的是把对焦虑的抵抗力想象成肌肉，在不断的锻炼中让焦虑失去力量，使你对焦虑的抵抗力越来越强，分析选项，G项“The more you use the muscle, the stronger it becomes.(你把肌肉用得越多，它就越强壮)”表达的含义符合语境，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Exercise is a great activity to make use of this spare energy.(锻炼是一项利用这些多余能量的好活动)”可知此处上下文说的是通过锻炼消耗多余的能量，与C项“Burn off nervous energy with physical activity(通过体育活动消耗神经能量)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“You don’t have to become a slave to your anxious thoughts(你不必成为焦虑思想的奴隶)”以及下文“Reality testing involves assessing a situation for errors in thinking(现实测试包括评估一种情况下的思维错误)”可知，此处上下文说的是不要受制于焦虑，而是将它转化为对现实情况进行测试，与A项“Put them to the test instead(改为对它们进行测试)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school. Usually on holidays, Mother___21___me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, ____22____,I felt like getting up early.
I stood by my window overlooking the ____23____, having nothing better to do. But as it turned out, I was soon to learn about something ____24____ in life.
As I watched several people go by, get into their cars and go off, I ____25____ an old man on a bicycle with a bucket on its ____26____ and a basket rags and bottles on its back-carriage. He ____27____ from one car to another, washing and cleaning them. From the water on the ground, it seemed that he had already ____28____ washing and cleaning about a dozen or more cars. He must have begun to work quite early in the morning.
Several thoughts ____29____my mind as I watched him work. He wasn’t well-dressed. He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) _____30_____ T-shirt. The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern _____31_____would want to be seen riding on. But he seemed_____32_____ with life. There he was, working hard at his small business, _____33_____ at passers-by and stopping to chat now and then _____34_____ elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.
There was a noticeable touch of_____35_____ in the way he seemed to be doing things— _____36_____the windscreen, then standing back to admire it; scrubbing the wheels and _____37_____, standing back to see what they look like after the scrub.
It was a _____38_____ to learn, I felt. At no age need one have to beg for a _____39_____if one has good health and is willing to work hard. For a while I felt ____40____ of myself. Young as I am—just sixteen, and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the sun appeared above the horizon.
21. A. forces B. allows C. causes D. forbids
22. A. otherwise B. therefore C. however D. besides
23. A. parking lot B. bus stop C. school D. market
24. A. interesting B. surprising C. awful D. useful
25. A. noticed B. recognized C. called D. assisted
26. A. back B. handle C. wheel D. seat
27. A. searched B. left C. moved D. wandered
28. A. stopped B. started C. intended D. finished
29. A. crossed B. slipped C. disturbed D. inspired
30. A. attractive B. shiny C. simple D. expensive
31. A. repairmen B. businessmen C. drivers D. cyclists
32. A. busy B. content C. careful D. bored
33. A. waving B. looking C. laughing D. pointing
34. A. about B. for C. with D. like
35. A. worry B. respect C. sympathy D. pride
36. A. cleaning B. fixing C. replacing D. covering
37. A. still B. yet C. again D. soon
38. A. lesson B. subject C. skill D. fact
39. A. business B. living C. success D. right
40. A. tired B. doubtful C. fearful D. ashamed
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。某假日的早晨，作者起得早早的。窗外停车场上，一位普通洗车工忙碌而怡然自得的情景令他悟得人生之真谛：身体棒，肯劳动，就会成为有用之人！
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，在节假日，母亲允许我睡懒觉。A．forces强迫；B．allows允许；C．causes引起；D．forbids禁止。假日不用上学，所以母亲允许我睡懒觉。forbid 禁止。不符合文章语义。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这个特殊的早晨，然而，我想早起。A．otherwise要不然的话；B．therefore因此；C．however然而；D．besides另外。在这一天，我一反常态，起得早早的。与上文含对比转折之意。所以选however.，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有更好的事可做，我站在窗边俯瞰停车场。A．parking lot停车场；B．bus stop公共汽车站；C．school学校；D．market市场。由第三段第一句和下文洗车工忙碌的介绍可推测作者俯瞰窗外的停车场。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但事实证明，我很快学到了生活中有用的一课。A．interesting有趣的；B．surprising令人惊讶的；C．awful可怕的；D．useful有用的。从最后一段看出作者通过观察普通洗车工忙碌而怡然自得的情形感悟到人有着勤劳而健康的双手就会成为有用之人。这确实是有益的一课。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到几个人经过，上了他们的车然后走了时，我注意到一个老人骑着单车，车把上带着挂着一只水桶，后车架上载着抹布和瓶瓶罐罐。A．noticed注意到；B．recognized意识到；C．called呼叫；D．assisted帮助。在忙绿而有序的洗车场上作者注意到一位前来洗车骑着单车的老人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A．back背部；B．handle把手；C．wheel轮子；D．seat座位。描绘洗车工自行车的扶手上挂着一只水桶，后车架上载着抹布和装水的瓶瓶罐罐。handle 有“手柄，车把”之意。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从一辆车移动到另一辆车清洗着它们。A．searched寻找；B．left离开；C．moved移动；D．wandered徘徊。洗车时当然从一辆车洗到另一辆车。有“move “之意。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从地上的水，似乎他已经清洗完了大约一打或者更多的车辆。A．stopped停止；B．started开始；C．intended打算；D．finished完成。从文章描述淌满地的水，可以看出洗车工已洗完十二三辆车之多。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看着他工作时，脑子里闪过一些想法。A．crossed穿过；B．slipped滑动；C．disturbed干扰；D．inspired鼓舞。作者看到洗车工工作专注而勤劳的情形，脑子里闪过一些想法。 A项符合语境。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他穿的不好，他穿着短裤和一件简单的T恤。A．attractive具有吸引力的；B．shiny有光泽的；C．simple简单的；D．expensive昂贵的。由第四段首句得知，洗车工穿着纯朴，简单。一条休闲短裤和简朴的T血衫。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他骑得自行车绝不是专业自行车骑手想被看到骑行的那种现代的一种。A．repairmen修理工；B．businessmen生意人；C．drivers司机；D．cyclists骑自行车的人。洗车工用的车绝不是专业自行车骑手所用的一类。cyclists 指自行车赛手。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他似乎对生活很满意。A．busy忙碌的；B．content满意的；C．careful细心的；D．bored感到厌烦的。be content with 表示“对……满意”。根据文章所述，洗车工虽忙碌辛苦却对此活得怡然自得。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在那里，在他的小生意上努力工作，向经过的人挥着手，不时地停下来与去附近的市场的老年人闲聊。A．waving挥动；B．looking看；C．laughing大笑；D．pointing指向。描述洗车工工作时时而向过路人挥手，时而停下手中活与去市场的老人小叙一番。一种怡然自得的自在。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。chat…with sb. 表与某人闲聊。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做事时，有一种明显的自豪感。A．worry担忧；B．respect尊重；C．sympathy同情；D．pride自豪。根据下文描述洗车工擦完挡风玻璃时而“admire”一番，洗完车轮后时而“apprieciate”一番，一股自豪（pride）满意之情溢于言表。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：……清洗挡风玻璃，然后站回去欣赏它。A．cleaning打扫；B．fixing固定，安装；C．replacing替代；D．covering覆盖。由后文的分号和scrubbing综合得知此处用scrubbing的同义词。表示清洗挡风玻璃。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：擦洗轮子然后又退后看看他们在擦洗后的样子。A．still仍然；B．yet还；C．again又；D．soon不久。前文说洗车工擦洗完挡风玻璃，就“standing back to admire it ”；当然洗干净车轮后又“standing back”to see…。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得它是学到的一堂课。A．lesson课；B．subject科目；C．skill技能；D．fact事实。自此前文叙述作者看到洗车工感人而令人遐思的忙碌又怡然自得的场景。恍如给作者上了一堂人生之课。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果一个人有良好的健康和愿意努力工作在任何年龄都不需要为生活乞讨。A．business生意； B．living生活；C．success成功；D．right权利。作者得出的人生真谛——有着健康的身体和勤劳的双手，任何年龄段的人都不应该为谋生而乞讨（过着不劳而获的生活）。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一会儿，我为自己感到羞愧。A．tired劳累的；B．doubtful可疑的；C．fearful可怕的；D．ashamed羞愧的。根据下文Young as I am—just sixteen, and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the sun appeared above the horizon.可推断，作者为自己的这么年轻而无所事事感到羞愧。故选D。
【点睛】1.在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上启下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。例如小题2，考查副词。A．otherwise要不然的话；B．therefore因此；C．however然而；D．besides另外。在这一天，我一反常态，起得早早的。与上文含对比转折之意。所以选however.
2. 上下文对照，抓关键词。
解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。小题17，考查副词。A．still仍然；B．yet还；C．again又；D．soon不久。前文说洗车工擦洗完挡风玻璃，就“standing back to admire it ”；当然洗干净车轮后又“standing back”to see…。故选C。
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years, ___41___ construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times ___42___ length of the Panama Canal. It is a golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing ___43___ (pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems.
The canal___44___(function) as the backbone of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt, ___45___ (log) and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, contributing ___46___ (large) to ancient China’s economy. The canal enormously promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north ___47___ south, which ensured the country’s ___48___ (stable).
In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan ___49___ (construct) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. During the last 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks ____50____ (recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt.
【答案】41. whose
42. the 43. passing
44. functioned
45. logs 46. hugely
47. and 48. stability
49. to construct
50. was recognized
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是大运河的历史地位和作用以及未来的规划。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大运河是世界上最古老、最长的人工水道，有2500多年的历史，始建于春秋时期。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词waterway与空后的名词construction之间为所属关系，所以此处应为关系代词whose，在从句中作定语。故填whose。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这条1794公里长的水路是巴拿马运河长度的22倍。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句型“倍数+the+length+of……”，意为“是……几倍的长度”符合句意，所以此处应使用定冠词the。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：大运河从浙江到北京，途经6个省和2个直辖市，连接5个主要水系。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，The Grand Canal和pass为主谓关系，所以此处应为现在分词形式。故填passing。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：这条运河是古代帝国内陆交通和贸易系统的支柱。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据the ancient empire可知，此处描述的为过去古代帝国时期大运河的作用，所以此处应用一般过去时，function与句子主语The canal之间为主动关系。故填functioned。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：谷物、盐、原木和丝绸沿着运河运往四面八方。分析句子结构可知，此处与Grain、salt以及silk为并列关系，log意为“原木”为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以应使用名词复数表示泛指意义。故填logs。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：两岸的许多城镇发展起来，为古代中国的经济做出了巨大贡献。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词修饰动词contributing，huge的副词为hugely意为“巨大地”符合句意。故填hugely。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配between…and…意为“在……与……之间”符合句意，所以此处使用连词and。故填and。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，stable的名词为stability意为“稳定”且为不可数名词。故填stability。
【49题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：2019年，中国发布了一个为大运河建设国家文化公园的计划。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰plan，名词plan后面需用动词不定式作后置定语，且表示主动意义。故填to construct。
【50题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：近两年，大运河国家文化公园建设被确定为“十四五”规划的重点任务。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语During the last 2 years，此处应用一般过去时，主语building the Grand Canal national cultural parks和recognize之间是动宾关系，且动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词应使用单数。故填was recognized。
第四部分 写作 （共三节，满分45分）
第一节：单词拼写：（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
根据句子，填入适合句意的单词的正确形式，每空只能填一词。
51. The judge’s ________(结论) was that Mr. Smith was innocent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】conclusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：法官的结论是史密斯先生是无辜的。根据汉语提示可知，空处需用名词作主语；conclusion结论，可数名词，符合题意；由空后was可知，空处名词需用其单数形式。故填conclusion。
52. It was very ________(体贴) of you to let us know the fact. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】considerate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你把事实告诉我们，真是太体贴了。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用形容词considerate，在句中作表语，符合题意。故填considerate。
53. Sam nodded but he didn’t look ________ (确信). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convinced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：山姆点了点头，但他看起来并不相信。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“确信”应为convinced。故填convinced。
54. ________ (好奇) killed the cat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：好奇心害死了猫。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词curiosity，在句中作主语，符合题意，curiosity置于句首，首字母大写。故填Curiosity。
55. The chairman________(宣布) the ceremony open and we all cheered. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】declared
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：主席宣布仪式开始，我们都欢呼起来。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词declare，根据句中cheered可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式。故填declared。
56. He gave us a brief ________(描述) of the accident. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】description
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他向我们对事故做了简要的描述。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词description，前边出现不定冠词a，应用名词的单数形式作动词gave的宾语，符合题意。故填description。
57. We should make every ________(努力) to treat the sick. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】effort
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该尽一切努力治疗病人。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词effort，前边由every修饰，应用名词的单数形式，作动词make的宾语，符合题意。故填effort。
58. There are a lot of pieces of ________(设备) in the gym. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】equipment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：健身房里有很多设备。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词equipment，为不可数名词，在句中作主语，符合题意。故填equipment。
59. Environment problems are discussed quite ________(频繁) in the news. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】frequently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：环境问题经常在新闻中被讨论。空处修饰动词discussed，应用副词形式作状语，结合汉语提示，应用副词frequently。故填frequently。
60. I was ________(禁止) from meeting net friends. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】forbidden
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我被禁止与网友见面。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词forbid，使用动词的过去分词形式forbidden，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态，符合题意。故填forbidden。
第二节：短文改错: (共10分)
61. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This morning I got up early and went to school as usually, only find there was nobody in the classroom because it was Sunday. “How a bad memory I have!” I couldn’t help laughing. Stand in front of the school gate, I began to wonder what to do next. Suddenly a good idea occurs to me. “Why not get together with some good friends for a picnic in such a fine weather ” I immediately telephoned some of my best friends, but they all agreed to come to join me. About two hours late, we finally arrived a pleasant park with trees and flowers here and there. We really enjoyed us hugely.
【答案】1.usually→usual
2.find前加to
3.How→What
4.Stand→Standing
5.occurs→occurred
6.删除fine前的a
7. but→and
8.late→later
9arrived后加at
10.us→ourselves
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者像往常一样去上学，却发现今天是星期天，教室里没有人，最后作者邀请好朋友去野餐的故事。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：今天早上我起得很早，像往常一样去上学，却发现教室里没有人，因为今天是星期天。as usual是固定短语，表示“像平常一样”。故将usually改为usual。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：今天早上我起得很早，像往常一样去上学，却发现教室里没有人，因为今天是星期天。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非谓语动词结构，结合语意，发现教室里没有人是作者意料之外的结果，应用only to do结构作结果状语。故在find前加to。
3.考查感叹句。句意：“我的记忆力真差！”我忍不住笑了起来。感叹句句型“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”，a bad memory前应用what引出感叹句，what置于句首，首字母大写。故将How改为What。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：站在学校大门前，我开始想下一步该怎么办。分析句子可知，stand应作非谓语，I和stand之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式standing作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故将Stand改为Standing。
5.考查时态。句意：突然我想到了一个好主意。根据上下文时态可知，文段描述过去的事情，句子应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故将occurs改为occurred。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：这么好的天气，为什么不和几个好朋友一起野餐呢？weather是不可数名词，such对其进行修饰时，名词前不需要使用冠词。故删除fine前的a。
7.考查连词。句意：我立即打电话给我的一些好朋友，他们都同意和我一起去。根据句意可知，前后两句话之间为承接关系，应用并列连词and连接。故将but改为and。
8. 考查副词。句意：大约两个小时后，我们终于到达了一个宜人的公园，这里到处都是树和花。“两个小时后”应用two hours later。late表示“迟；晚”。故将 late改为later。
9.考查介词。句意：大约两个小时后，我们终于到达了一个宜人的公园，这里到处都是树和花。arrive at some place表示“到达某地”。故在arrived后加上at。
10. 考查代词。句意：我们真地玩得很开心。enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，应用反身代词ourselves，表示“我们自己”。故将us改为ourselves。
第三节： 书面表达（满分25分）
62. 假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter对你博客里的一幅漫画很感兴趣，给你留言询问其含义。请你根据以下提示给他回贴。1) 成语“闻鸡起舞”的典故；2) 成语寓意。
注意：1) 词数100左右；2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3) 开头语已给出。
参考词汇：patriotic 爱国的；crow 啼叫，报晓
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
The picture is about a Chinese idiom “wen ji qi wu”. This idiom originated from a well-known story that happened in Xi Jin Dynasty. In order to serve their country well, two patriotic young men, named Zu Ti and Liu Kun, both got up and practiced sword playing the moment they heard the cock crow. Day by day and year in, year out, they never stopped. Later, they all made great contributions to protecting their country.
Nowadays, people usually use the phrase “rising up upon hearing the crow of a rooster to practice sword playing” to signify that someone is exerting himself to do something worthwhile. It is also used to describe that a person of noble aspirations exerts himself in time.
If you have any other questions about this idiom, please tell me.
Yours,
Li hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国网友Peter回帖子，告知他成语“闻鸡起舞”的典故以及该成语的寓意。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：well-known →famous
称为：name →call
保护：protect →defend
利用：use →make use of
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：The picture is about a Chinese idiom “wen ji qi wu”. This idiom originated from a well-known story which happened in Xi Jin Dynasty.
拓展句：The picture is about a Chinese idiom “wen ji qi wu”, which originated from a well-known story that happened in Xi Jin Dynasty.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This idiom originated from a well-known story which happened in Xi Jin Dynasty.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】In order to serve their country well, two patriotic young men, named Zu Ti and Liu Kun, both got up and practiced sword playing the moment they heard the cock crow.（运用了过去分词短语作定语和the moment引导时间状语从句）
听力1-5 BCCAB 6-10 ACACB 11-15 ACACB 16-20 CBBAB

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