人教版(2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit Discovering Useful Structures 教案

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人教版(2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit Discovering Useful Structures 教案

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Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
Discovering Useful Structures教学设计
科目:英语 课题:Discovering Useful Structures课时:1课时
教学目标与核心素养:
知识目标:Help students learn the form of tag questions.
能力目标:Guide students to know the functions of tag questions.
情感目标:Students can think individually and learn cooperatively.
教学重难点
教学重点:Help students learn the form of tag questions.
教学难点:Design specific situations for students to make small conversations.
课前准备:多媒体,黑板,粉笔
教学过程:
一、Pre-class
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动:Have a small conversation with students.
T: Good morning, class. It's a nice day, isn't it
S: Yes.
T: We have stayed at home for such a long time. You are eager to go back to school, aren't you
S: Sure, we are.
T:Be a little patient. The day when we go back to school will come soon.OK,class. Think about the sentences I said just now."It's a nice day,isn't it "" You are eager to go back to school, aren't you "What are the characteristics of the two sentences
参考答案:Tag questions are used in the sentences.
二、While- class
学生活动:结对分角色朗读活动1中的三段对话,画出附加疑问句及回答,归纳其功能。
教师活动:向学生讲解反义疑问句。
1. 反意疑问句的概念
反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句,指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问句,用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问句部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,附加部分用肯定式。如:
He's late, isn't he 他迟到了,不是吗
He isn't late, is he 他没有迟到,不是吗
反意疑问句的附加部分不管是肯定的,还是否定的,通常都可译为“是吗”“对吗”“是不是”“对不对”“不是吗”“不对吗”等。
2. 反意疑问句的缩写问题
当反意疑问句的附加部分为否定式时,习惯上只用缩写形式,不能分开来写。如:
正:You love him very much, don't you 你很爱他,对不对?
误:You love him very much, do not you 你很爱他,对不对?
3.反意疑问句的回答问题
肯定回答:yes + 肯定结构, 否定回答:no +否定结构
但是在前肯后否的结构中,“yes”要翻译成“不”,“no”要翻译成“是”
They work hard, don't they 他们努力工作,不是吗?
Yes, they do. / No, they don't. 不,他们努力工作。/ 是的,他们工作不努力。
They don't work hard, do they 工作他们不努力,是吗?
Yes, they do. /No, they don't. 不,他们工作努力。/ 是的,他们工作不努力。
4. 反意疑问句的主语问题
反意疑问句部分的主语应与陈述部分主语一致,且只能是代词,不能是名词。如:
误:Jim likes English very much, doesn't Jim
正:Jim likes English very much, doesn't he 吉姆很喜欢英语,对吗?
如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词或不定代词等,在附加部分应改用相应的人称代词。如:
That is a wallet, isn't it 这是个钱包,是吗
Nothing is serious, isn't it 一点也不严重,对吗?
注意,如果陈述部分的主语为somebody, someone, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等指人的复合不定代词时,其附加部分的主语在正式文体中用he,在口语或非正式文体中通常用they。如:
Nobody likes it, does he [don't they] 没有一个人喜欢它,是吗
5. 涉及have的反意疑问句
当陈述部分含有动词have时,要分清它是助动词还是实义动词。如果是助动词,则附加部分仍将其用作助动词。如:
He has finished his homework, hasn't he 他做完作业了,对不对
当have表示“所有”时,则附加部分既可以用have,也可以用助动词do。如:
He has a lot of money, hasn't [doesn't] he 他有很多钱,是吗?
但是,若陈述部分用的是have的否定式,则反意疑问句用have 还是用do,取决于陈述部分的动词形式:
He hasn't any money, has he 他没有钱,是吗
He doesn't have any money, does he 他没有钱,是吗
第一句的陈述部分用的是hasn't,所以附加部分用has,不用does;第二句的陈述部分用的是doesn't have,所以附加部分要用does,不能用has——千万别忘了前后保持一致噢!
若表示“吃”“玩”等意思,则附加部分用do,但要根据陈述部分的谓语时态,变化have的形式,如has, had。请看:
He has supper at 5, doesn't he 他5点吃晚餐,是吗
He had a good time at the party, didn't he 他在晚会上玩得很开心,是吗
第一句中的has表示“吃”,且为第三人称单数形式,所以其后的附加部分用does;第二句中的had用于have a good time构成习语,表示“玩得高兴”,且其中的have为过去式,所以附加部分用did。
6. 涉及祈使句的反意疑问句
若陈述部分为祈使句,则其附加部分通常用will you, won't you, would you等。如:
Come tomorrow, will you 明天来吧,好不好
Try it again, won't you 再试一次,好吗
但是,如果前面为否定的祈使句,则其附加问句部分要用肯定形式will you,而不能用否定形式的won't。如:
Don't tell him, will you 不要告诉他,好吗?
注意,当祈使句Let's…或Let us…开头时,情况比较特殊——由于Let's…总是表示建议,所以其后的附加部分总是用shall we。如:
Let's have a break, shall we 我们休息一下吧,好不好?
Let's meet on Monday, shall we 咱们星期一碰头吧,好不好?
而祈使句以let us…时则有所不同,由于它有时表示请求,有时表示建议,所以要区别对待——表示请求时,附加部分用will you;表示建议时,附加部分用shall we。如:
Let us know your address, will you 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗
Let us go swimming together, shall we 我们一起去游泳吧,好吗
7. 反意疑问句应该注意的问题
(1)当陈述部分含有 never, seldom, hardly, few, little, barely, scarcely, nothing, none, rarely, no, not, no one, nobody, neither等具有否定意义的词汇时,后面的附加问句为肯定形式。
He can hardly swim, can he 他不大会游泳,对吗?
(2)如果陈述部分的主语为somebody, someone, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等指人的复合不定代词时,其附加部分的主语在正式文体中用he,在口语或非正式文体中通常用they。
Everyone in your family is a teacher, aren't they/isn't he 你家里每个人都是老师,不是吗?
(3)当陈述部分的主语为everything, something, anything, nothing等表示物的不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用it.
Something is wrong with your watch, isn't it 你的表坏了,对吗?
(4)当陈述部分含有否定意义的词是unhappy, dislike, unfriendly等含有否定词缀的派生词,即含有un-, dis-, 前缀或-less后缀等词缀而意义否定的词时,作为肯定句处理,疑问部分用否定形式。
He looks unhappy, doesn't he 他看上去不高兴,不是吗?
(5)陈述部分有less, fewer等词时视为肯定词,疑问部分用否定形式。
There will be less pollution, won't there 污染会更少,不是吗
There will be less pollution, won't there 污染会更少,不是吗
练习:
He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition, ________
The lady couldn’t say a word when she saw the snake, __________
The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister, ___________
Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it, ________
Don’t go near the bank of the river because it is dangerous, _________
三、After-class
学生活动:Make small conversations.
Look at the pictures and use tag questions to make small conversations.
Example:
A:The sports Day is coming soon, isn't it
B:Yes,it is. They need some volunteers, don't they
A:Yes,they do. We should volunteer to do something, shouldn't we
B:Yes,we should. Let's come to Room 501,Yiwen Building tomorrow and register, shall we
A:OK,it's settled.
四、Homework
完成同步课时作业

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