unit 3Product Descriptions课件(共32张PPT)《新商务英语翻译教程》同步教学(清华大学版)

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unit 3Product Descriptions课件(共32张PPT)《新商务英语翻译教程》同步教学(清华大学版)

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(共32张PPT)
I. Lead-in
2
Learning Objectives
1
II. General picture
3
4
III. Skill in focus
IV. Case study
5
1
Learning Objectives
In this unit, you will
get familiar with the language features of product descriptions;
grasp the skills in the translation of product descriptions.
I. Lead-in
2
Match the following two columns.
1. 配料(主要原料)   A. production date
2. 保健功能       B. executive standard
3. 适宜人群       C. ingredient (mostly-material)
4. 规格         D. healthful function
5. 保质期        E. specification
6. 净重         F. applicable people
7. 执行标准       G. net weight
8. 生产日期       H. shelf life
Question 1
阅读以下某药品产品说明书中部分内容的翻译,试述翻译该类说明书应注意哪些方面。
  药性与功能:
  本品性味甘苦平和,功效慢而持久,归经于心、肝、肺、肾、胃。有补气生津、滋阴壮阳、宁神益智、护肝养血之功能。
译文:Properties and Functions
  It is moderate, sweet and bitter. Heart, liver, lung, kidney and stomach are organs to be
acted upon. It has powerful and persistent action in replenishing vitality, producing body fluids, strengthening the feminine principle and building up vital energy as well as the blood.
Question 2
Translate the following terms in the descriptions of computer display into Chinese:
1. Packing list
2. Precautions
3. Installation instructions
4. Operating instructions
5. Plug and play
6. Technical support
7. Video cable
8. Front panel control
3
II. General picture
产品说明书的语言特点
1.语言简洁
  产品说明书的句子结构都比较简单,撰写说明书时常使用一些简单句、祈使句。例如:
  (1)Add sugar and milk to taste.
  译文:加入适量的牛奶和糖,味道更佳。
  (2)A nourishing beverage for all ages. An excellent gift in all seasons.
  译文:本品适宜四季饮用,是老少皆宜的营养饮料,也是馈赠亲友之佳品。
2.客观、精确、具有感染力
  说明书的目的是为了让消费者了解产品的特征和性能,以便做出正确的选择和正确地使用该产品。其内容客观真实、数据精确、语言通俗易懂,但也会适当地使用文学性语言来进行表达,以增强感染力。
  (1)The product is used for creating your own hair style special for creating   
     your look and shaping beautiful hair.
  译文:使用本品能将头发随意梳理定型,彰显个性,秀发出众。
  (2)Regular use of the cream results in the increase of skin cell vitality and
improvement of metabolism to restore youthful fairness of the skin.
  译文:经常使用本品,可增强皮肤细胞活力,促进新陈代谢,保持皮肤洁
白、红润,延缓衰老。
  (3)It possesses the unique style and flavor and is an extensively enjoyable drink.
  译文:酱香浓郁,典雅细致,酒体醇厚,回味悠长。
3.专业性强
  产品说明书是一种相当专业的应用文体,用词专业性是一大突出特点。这种特殊文体有较固定的结构要素,例如名称、型号、功能、特性、用途、注意事项、安装等,因此会频繁使用一些专业性很强的词汇和表达。例如:
  (1)Operation and maintenance of any arc welding equipment   
     involves potential hazards.
  译文:操作和维修弧焊接设备存在潜在危险。
(2)The following adverse reactions may occasionally occur: dryness    
   of the mouth, thirst, drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, heartburn,
anorexia, abdominal discomfort and exanthema.
  译文:偶尔可能出现下列副作用:口干、口渴、发困、乏力、头
晕、心部烧灼、食欲不振、腹部不适、药疹。
(3)Never leave the socket or the plug wet or damp in case of leakage;
never submerge the kettle in water.
  译文:切勿将插座、插头浸水或溅湿,防止漏电,严禁将壶体浸  
     入水中。
4
III. Skill in focus
否定句的翻译(一)
  每种语言都有表达否定和肯定的概念,但由于不同语言所反映的民族文化思维方式不同,因而表达同一概念时所采用的方式就各不相同。就英、汉两种语言而言,它们在表达否定要领时,所使用的词汇、语法甚至语言逻辑就有很大的区别。英语的否定除借助词汇手段外,还借助句子结构和特殊表达方式来表达诸如全部否定、部分否定、双重否定、形式否定、意义否定等概念。而汉语的否定结构则比较单纯,否定词只有“不”、“非”、“否”、“勿”、
“别”、“无”、“未”、“莫”、“不是”、“没有”、“决不”、“毫无”、“几乎没有”、“几乎不”等简单的词汇。因此,在英汉互译时,必须注意英汉否定的表达方法,采取不同的译法,使译文和原文意义相符、功能相似。在英汉互译时要注意以下几个方面处理。
1.全部否定
  在英语中,全部否定是通过一些否定词来表达的。这类否定词常用的有:no, none, not, never, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither...nor 等。全部否定的译法一般可直接译成汉语的否定句。例如:
  There is nothing important in this proposal.
  译文:这个企划书没有什么重要的。
2.部分否定
  1)部分否定指对叙述的内容作部分的、而不是全部的否定。当英语的某
些不定代词,如all, both, every, each,某些副词,如often, always,
altogether, entirely, wholly 和否定词连用时,就表示部分否定。在这类
否定句中,all, both 等词往往是否定的重点,通常译成“不都是”、
“并非都”、“并不都”、“不全是”、“不总是”等。此外,有些
副词,如hardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little 等词也表示部分否定。
例如:
Both the instruments are not precision ones.
译文:这两台仪器并非都是精密的。
2)当不定代词 all, both, each, every, everybody, everyone, everything 等在否定
句中作主语时,这种句子不是全部否定,而表示部分否定,汉语常常翻
译成“不都是 ”,“并非都 ”,例如:
(1)All that glitters is not gold.
译文:闪光的不都是金子。
试比较:
None that glitters is gold.
译文:闪光的都不是金子。(完全否定)
(2)He does not want everything.
译文:他并不是什么都想要。
试比较:
He does not want anything.
译文:他什么都不想要。(完全否定)
3)在否定句中,带有副词always, wholly, entirely, completely, totally, together, everywhere, often, quite, enough 等表示部分否定。例如:
  (1)I do not wholly agree with your working plan.
     译文:我不完全同意你的工作计划。
  试比较:
     I do not agree with your working plan.
     译文:我不同意你的工作计划。(完全否定)
I do not agree with your working plan at all.
译文:我一点都不同意你的工作计划。(完全否定)
(2)The machine is not efficient enough.
译文:机器不够高效。
试比较:
The machine is not efficient.
译文:机器不高效。(完全否定)
3.双重否定
  双重否定是指两个否定词并用,否定同一个单词,或者一个否定词否定另一个词,其否定意义相互抵消而取得肯定意义,且其语气较强,汉译时可以译成肯定句。例如:
  It is none other than zinc.
  译文:这就是锌。
5
IV. Case study
5
Sample 1
             Care and Maintenance
  Your device is a product of superior design and craftsmanship and should be treated with care.The suggestion below will help you protect your warranty coverage.
  Keep the device dry. Precipitation, humidity and all types of liquids or moisture can contain minerals that will corrode electronic circuits. If your device does get wet, remove the battery and allow the device to dry completely before replacing it.
  Do not use or store the device in dusty, dirty areas.(1)Its moving parts and (2)electronic components can be damaged.
  Do not store the device in hot areas. High temperature may shorten the life of electronic devices, damage batteries, and warp or melt certain plastics.
  Do not store the device in cold areas. When the device returns to its normal temperature, moisture can form inside the device and damage electronic circuit boards.
  Do not attempt to open the device other than as instructed in this guide.
  Do not drop, knock, or shake the device. Rough handling can break internal circuit boards and fine mechanics.
  Do not use harsh chemicals, cleaning solvents, or strong detergents to clean the device.
  Do not paint the device. Paint can clog the moving parts and prevent proper operation. Use a soft, clean, dry cloth to clean any lenses (such as camera, proximity sensor, and light sensor lenses).
  Use only the supplied or an approved replacement antenna. Unauthorized antennas, modifications, or attachments could damage the device and may violate regulations governing radio devices.
  (3)Use chargers indoors.
Discussion
试着谈谈翻译电子类说明书应注意哪些要点。
译例点评与分析
(1)本说明书中出现了一些专业词汇,如“moving parts/ 可拆卸部件”,
“electronic components/ 电子元件”,“electronic circuit boards/ 电路
板”,“fine mechanics/ 精密结构”,“proximity sensor/ 接近度传感
器”及“light sensor lenses/ 光传感器”。翻译专业词汇时,应做到准
确、严谨,多查资料,切忌望文生义,否则,对消费者和使用者会起误
导作用。
(2)不同于广告的鼓动、劝说性语言,说明书应本着对消费者负责的态度,   
   文字力求真实可靠,除介绍产品的优点外,还须说明产品的弱点或相关
负面消息。因此,翻译时更需语言简明、准确、通俗易懂,措辞紧凑。
(3)产品说明书的翻译多使用一般现在时、祈使句和主动句,这样的表述更
客观、真实。例如:
The product enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad.
译文:本产品在国内外享有很高声誉。
Never leave your iron unattended when connected to the supply.
译文:熨斗接通电源后,切勿离开。
参考译文
维护和保养
  您的手机为设计优越、做工精良之产品,应妥善维护、保养。下列建议将有助于您在保修范围内很好地享受其服务。
  请保持手机干燥。雨雪、湿气与各种液体或水汽等都可能含有腐蚀电路的矿物质。如果手机确实被弄湿了,应先取出电池,待手机完全干燥后,方可重新装入。
  请勿在有灰尘、不干净的地方使用或放置手机,这样会损坏其可拆卸部件和电子元件。
  请勿将手机存放在热源附近。高温可能会缩短电子装置的寿命、损坏电池,并使某些塑料部件变形或熔化。
  请勿将手机存放在过冷的地方。当手机恢复到正常温度时,其内部会有湿气凝结,这会损及电路板。
  请按本手册说明打开手机,切勿尝试其他方法。
  请勿摔打或晃动手机。不当使用会破坏其内部的电路板和精密结构。
  请勿使用烈性化学制剂、清洁溶剂或高强度去污剂来清洁手机。
  请勿用油漆漆手机。油漆会阻塞活动部件,从而阻碍正常运转。
  请使用柔软干净的干布来清洁镜头(例如相机、距离感应器和光传感器等的镜头)。
  请使用原配天线,或者认可的天线作为替代。未经认可的天线、改装或附件会损坏手机,并违反无线电设备的管理规定。
  请在室内充电。
Complete the Chinese translation according to the original English sentences.
(1)Each soft gel is certified to contain no artificial preservatives, artificial
coloring, sugar, starch, yeast or wax.
译文:本产品不含任何__________________________________________。
(2)Switch the appliance on by pressing the switch lock and pushing the ON/OFF
button upwards.
译文:按下开关键______________________________________________。
(3)It should not be used in patients with known sensitivity to the drug.
译文:对______________________________________________________。
(4)It is indicated for the treatment of infection before the infecting organism has
been identifiedor when caused by sensitive bacteria.
译文:_____________________________________________,使用本药品。
Sample 2
电热水壶
  本厂生产的电热水壶是最新流行快速煮沸开水及饮料的家用电器产品。(1)适用于家庭、机关、企事业等单位。其结构合理,工艺先进,并具有热效率高、耗电量少、性能可靠、安全卫生等优点,(2)愿竭诚为广大消费者服务。
  注意事项:
1.本产品启用前,必须符合电源线路容量,方可使用;
2.切勿将插座,插头浸水或溅湿,防止漏电,严禁将壶体浸入水中;
3.严禁少水或无水使用,以免损坏电热管;
4.水沸时注意外溢,防止漏电;
5.本产品只限于电热方式煮水,不得启用其他加热方式煮水;
6.为确保安全,(3)禁止不接地使用。
Discussion
请谈谈翻译以上说明书的难点。
译例点评与分析
(1)产品说明书有其特有的文体特点,语言应简洁明了,通俗易懂,以便消费
者不费力气就能读懂,享受使用产品带来的乐趣。这就要求译文时刻注意
提炼语言。因此此处的“适用于家庭、机关、企事业等单位”则译成了“at
home or in office”。
(2)产品说明书语言简洁、内容高度浓缩的特点也反映在过程的名词化上。名
词化是指将小句子转化为名词词组。句子经常浓缩为名词词组,而其他成
分则成为其修饰成分。
例如:
只要插入时遇到阻力,则应当使用较小尺寸的导引套,以便无须过度用力即可插入。(某导管插入装置)
译文:Any resistance to introduction should result in advancement of an introducer
sheath small enough to be introduced without undue force.
(3)本文多处使用祈使句,这也是产品说明书的句法特征。祈使句常常用来
表示强调、命令、警告。此种句法特点更加适合说明书的语用特征。
(4)产品说明书是以说明为主的表达方式,要求对事物加以解说、介绍,使
消费者得到某种知识的书面材料。我们在翻译产品说明书时,应该确保
概念、定义准确无误,避免歧义,实事求是地反映产品的实际情况,一
般不用带感彩的词。产品说明书的语言应避免带有浮夸水分,不要
求妙笔生花,风格美化。
参考译文
Electric Kettle
  The electric kettle is the most up-to-date household appliance to boil water and make fast hot drinks at home or in office. Being safe and clean,it is your best choice, with excellent design, perfect workmanship, high thermal efficiency, low power consumption, and reliable performance.
  Cautions:
1.Check the capacity of power supply before use;
2.Do not wet or damp the socket or the plug in case of leakage; never submerge the kettle in water;
3.Never use the kettle with little or no water in it, or the electric heater may be damaged;
4.Beware of the spilling-over of water when it boils so as to avoid leakage of electricity;
5.Never use the kettle over a fire;
6.To ensure safety, never use the kettle without grounding.  
Complete the English translation according to the original Chinese sentences.
(1)使用本产品时须定期注意遵守消毒规定。
   译文: when using this product.
(2)新型机器必须是结构紧凑的。
译文:The new type of machine should be .
(3)结构简单,操作容易,维修方便,生产率较高。
译文:Simple construction, .
(4)长时间不使用本设备,请取出电池。
译文:Remove the batteries from the appliance .

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