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东莞外国语学校2024届高三年级第四次月考
英语试题
(考试时间120分钟;试卷满分120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school.
PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in.
PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.
You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback.
Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022.
Waiting lists
If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held.
When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future.
Deregistering
If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance.
You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu..
1. In PASS, students ________.
A. attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules
C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems
2. What can students do if a session is full
A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list.
C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list.
3. Students will be deregistered if ________.
A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively
C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时，加深你对课堂材料关键点的理解。）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Waiting lists部分“If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满员，您可以注册等待列表。）”可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Deregistering部分“If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将分配给等待名单上的某个人。）”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。故选D。
B
Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.
I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.
So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.
When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.
Rather than setting plans in stone I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.
4. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name
A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled.
5. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________.
A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work
6. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________.
A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing
7. What can we learn from this passage
A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution.
C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). (当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. (因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽·德文教授邀请我去她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. (我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. (我明白了有时候我需要抓住提供的机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。
【点睛】
C
Gone are the days when humans covered themselves with blankets to keep warm. It’s now the time to put glaciers under blankets to keep them cool because at the rate climate is changing, this seems like a good idea to keep them from melting.
A ski resort in the Swiss Alps, Switzerland uses blankets to protect the glacier from the warm climate. Gian Darms, who handles snow conditions at the ski resort told about this unique procedure and said, “We lay the fleece over the glacier like a natural protective shield.” The blankets are being used to cover the top of the 10, 623-foot Mount Titlis whose glacier has already melted in the last few decades and it is expected to disappear completely in the next 50 years due to global warming.
To diminish the effect of climate change, resort employees have taken it upon themselves to protect the glacier from the heat and for this process, they spend about five to six weeks every summer covering parts of the glacier with protective polyester fleece. This helps to reflect the sun’s energy back into the atmosphere and prevent the glacier from melting, while also preserving the already fallen snow on the glacier in the previous winter season. After the season passes, the employees remove the coating and use the collected snow to fill in any gaps in the glacier’s surface.
This practice has been going on for a while and the amount of the glaciers covered has increased to almost 100 ,000 square meters now. “We’ve been covering more and more glaciers in the last few years. Almost 30, 000 square meters more this year alone. We will have to cover more glaciers in reaction to the climate change,” said Darms.
The ski resort’s actions show the intense effect of climate change on glaciers which have been melting at rapid rates in the past few years. Many different resorts have also started covering their glaciers because if there are no more glaciers, then there is no more business for these ski resorts.
8. What does the Swiss ski resort use blankets for
A. Keeping the glacier from melting. B. Preventing workers from feeling cold.
C. Protecting visitors from strong sunlight. D. Stopping visitors from destroying glaciers.
9. What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Measure. B. Reduce. C. Accept. D. Record.
10. What do Gian Darms’s words in paragraph 4 indicate
A. The amount of the glaciers drops rapidly. B. More ski resorts are gradually recovering.
C. Climate change is becoming more serious. D. There is a better solution to global warming.
11. From which is the text most probably taken
A. A travel brochure. B. An advertisement.
C. A news report. D. A geography text book.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。全球变暖加速了冰川的融化。为了防止冰川融化，瑞士的一个滑雪胜地每年都要给冰川盖上毯子。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s now the time to put glaciers under blankets to keep them cool because at the rate climate is changing, this seems like a good idea to keep them from melting.(现在是时候把冰川盖在毯子下保持凉爽了，因为以气候变化的速度，这似乎是一个防止冰川融化的好主意)”及第二段中“A ski resort in the Swiss Alps, Switzerland uses blankets to protect the glacier from the warm climate.(瑞士阿尔卑斯山的一个滑雪胜地用毯子保护冰川免受温暖气候的影响)”可知，这个瑞士滑雪胜地使用毯子覆盖冰川以防止其融化。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“resort employees have taken it upon themselves to protect the glacier from the heat and for this process, they spend about five to six weeks every summer covering parts of the glacier with protective polyester fleece”可知，滑雪胜地的工作人员每年夏天都会用具有保护性的聚酯羊毛覆盖冰川以防止其融化，这么做是为了减少气候变化带来的有害影响。故画线词的意思是“减少”。A. Measure.测量；B. Reduce.减少；C. Accept.接受；D. Record.记录。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中““We’ve been covering more and more glaciers in the last few years. Almost 30, 000 square meters more this year alone. We will have to cover more glaciers in reaction to the climate change,” said Darms.(“过去几年，我们覆盖了越来越多的冰川。仅今年就增加了近3万平方米。为了应对气候变化，我们必须覆盖更多的冰川。”Darms说道)”可推断，气候变化越来越严重。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The ski resort’s actions show the intense effect of climate change on glaciers which have been melting at rapid rates in the past few years. Many different resorts have also started covering their glaciers because if there are no more glaciers, then there is no more business for these ski resorts.(滑雪场的行动显示了气候变化对冰川的强烈影响，过去几年冰川一直在快速融化。许多不同的滑雪场也开始覆盖他们的冰川，因为如果没有更多的冰川，那么这些滑雪场就没有更多的生意)”结合本文主要介绍了瑞士的一个滑雪胜地每年都要给冰川盖上毯子以防止其融化的情况。故本文最有可能出自“新闻报道”。故选C。
D
The scientist’s job is to figure out how the world works, to “torture (拷问)” Nature to reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philosopher Francis Bacon described it. But who are these people in the lab coats (or sports jackets, or T-shirts and jeans) and how do they work It turns out that there is a good deal of mystery surrounding the mystery-solvers.
“One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings — brains, education, culture etc. that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.
Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction (推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.”
But others disagree with this universal scientific mind. They believe that scientists have special abilities that set them apart. Discovering these abilities may be hard, Allen thinks, as many scientists will be reluctant to reveal them and would prefer to preserve the mystery of creativity, fearing that if it became an object of study it would lose its magic.
But for Allen, this is all part of a bigger question of what lies behind anyone’s behavior. “We are only just beginning to understand how the characteristics of organisms, including ourselves, aren’t the fixed products of either genes or of environment/culture, but each of us is the product of a continual interactive process in which we help build the environments that in turn shape us,” he said.
“As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.
12. Why does the author mention Max Planck in paragraph 3
A. To introduce a famous scientist. B. To stress the role of creativity in science.
C. To compare different views on science. D. To illustrate what is curiosity inscience.
13. What do Allen's words in the last two paragraphs suggest
A. Human behavior is changeable and unpredictable.
B. We are passively influenced by our genes and culture.
C. Our interaction with the environment makes us who we are.
D. Current technology has revealed a lot about human behavior.
14. What is Allen’s attitude to the current study on the human brain
A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Approving. D. Pessimistic.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Who Are The Mystery-solvers B. Scientists Are Not Born But Made
C. Great Mystery: What Makes A Scientist D. Solving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。世界上有众多谜团，但最大的谜团之一就是哪些因素造就了科学家，科学家们具备什么样的特点。文章主要探讨了到底是哪些因素造就了科学家。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction(推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.”(成为一名科学家似乎必须具备两个至关重要的要素：探索奥秘的好奇心和解决奥秘的创造力。2007年一份关于科学创造力的报告写道:“科学家表现出高度的好奇心。”“他们在基本问题上走得更远、更深入，表现出对知识本身的热情。”量子物理学之父之一Max Planck曾经说过，科学家“必须有生动而直观的想象力，因为新的想法不是通过演绎产生的，而是通过艺术创造性的想象力产生的。”)”可推知，作者引用普朗克的话是为了证明科学家需要有丰富的想象力和创造力，因为真正的想法不能靠演绎推理而产生，只能凭借创造力。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But for Allen, this is all part of a bigger question of what lies behind anyone's behavior. “We are only just beginning to understand how the characteristics of organisms, including ourselves, aren't the fixed products of either genes or of environment/culture, but each of us is the product of a continual interactive process in which we help build the environments that in turn shape us,” he said.(但对艾伦来说，这是一个更大问题的一部分，那就是每个人的行为背后都隐藏着什么。他说：“我们才刚刚开始理解，包括我们自己在内的生物体的特征，不是基因或环境/文化的固定产物，而是我们每个人都是一个持续互动过程的产物，在这个过程中，我们帮助建立环境，而环境反过来又塑造了我们。”)”可知，Allen认为生物体的特征，包括我们人类自己，并不是基因或者环境/文化的固定产物。我们每个个体都是一种持续地和环境相互影响、相互作用的产物。故选C。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we're only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.(艾伦说：“只要我们最好的观察大脑内部的技术要求受试者躺在一个巨大的磁铁周围几乎不动，我们就只能在这些问题上取得有限的进展。”)”可推知，Allen对目前关于人类大脑的研究的态度是消极的。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段““One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings—— brains, education, culture etc.—that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.(印第安纳大学的认知科学家Colin Allen说：“最大的谜团之一是，人类究竟是什么——大脑、教育、文化等——使他们能够从事科学研究。”)”结合文章主要探讨了到底是哪些因素造就了科学家。C选项“伟大的奥秘:是什么造就了科学家”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____16____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____17____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____18____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____19____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. ____20____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。
【点睛】
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At Christmas time, I often reflect upon one particular evening in the early 1960s. Back then, we decided to go carolling (唱圣诞颂歌) to spread the Christmas spirit which might ____21____ someone else’s life. So we quickly ____22____ members, for whom the only ____23____ was warmth of spirit.
Soon we discovered that carolling brought various ____24____. Sometimes we were greeted with open doors and open hearts, while other times, folks remained in the safety and coziness of their homes, watching ____25____ through their windows.
One stop on our journey particularly ____26____ our memory. That night, after a couple of songs, one door swung open. A gentleman, gray-haired, tenderly ____27____ we go upstairs to sing for his bedridden wife. He added ____28____, “She loves music and used to be an opera singer.”
We stepped briskly upward into the couple’s ____29____ apartment. Books, records, and antique furniture whispered stories to us. I reminded myself not to stare _____30_____ invading their privacy.
Sitting beside his wife, the gentleman gave us a _____31_____. Then our voices rose and lingered around their small home. Had our voices been given extra _____32_____ and beauty for this occasion Perhaps they had.
A smile flickered on the woman’s _____33_____, yet beautiful face. She snuggled her head against her husband’s shoulder and both of them heartily enjoyed our performance. Witnessing such a heartwarming scene, we felt it was a holy night, for we were in the _____34_____ of love that was gentle and mild.
At that moment, we found, and maybe even _____35_____, the Christmas spirit.
21. A. change B. brighten C. shape D. influence
22. A. sponsored B. consulted C. dismissed D. recruited
23. A. requirement B. objective C. reward D. privilege
24 A. consequences B. responses C. comments D. bonuses
25. A. awkwardly B. passively C. randomly D. positively
26. A. stuck in B. woke up C. stirred up D. slipped from
27. A. commanded B. proposed C. requested D. recommended
28. A. shamefully B. hesitantly C. suspiciously D. proudly
29. A. unfurnished B. adorable C. tiny D. trendy
30. A. for the sake of B. for fear of C. in spite of D. in the hope of
31. A. smile B. glance C. tune D. nod
32. A. grace B. seriousness C. bitterness D. sympathy
33. A. fake B. bright C. rosy D. wrinkled
34. A. presence B. absence C. expectation D. circle
35. A. created B. acquired C. spread D. regained
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一些人在圣诞节前夕外出唱圣诞颂歌。在一户人家，她们被邀请上楼，为一位卧病在床老太太唱歌，老太太非常高兴。这温暖的一幕让作者她们觉得非常的神圣，让她们觉得又重获圣诞精神。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，我们决定去唱圣诞颂歌，以传播可能照亮他人生活的圣诞精神。A. change更改；B. brighten照亮；C. shape塑造；D. influence影响。根据下文“She snuggled her head against her husband’s shoulder and both of them heartily enjoyed our performance. Witnessing such a heartwarming scene, we felt it was a holy night, for we were in the ____14____ of love that was gentle and mild.”可知，作者决定为别人去唱圣诞颂歌，她觉得这能够照亮他们的生活，用圣诞精神温暖他人。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们迅速招募了成员，对他们来说，唯一的特权就是精神上的温暖。A. sponsored赞助；B. consulted咨询；C. dismissed驳回；D. recruited招募。根据空后的members和上文“we decided to go carolling (唱圣诞颂歌) to spread the Christmas spirit”可知，作者想要去给别人唱圣诞颂歌，所以她首先要招募成员。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们迅速招募了成员，对他们来说，唯一的要求就是精神上的温暖。A. requirement要求；B. objective目标；C. reward奖励；D. privilege特权。根据member空后“was warmth of spirit”可知，这些唱圣诞颂歌的成员唯一的要求就是精神上的温暖。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们发现颂歌带来了各种各样的反应。A. consequences后果；B. responses回应；C. comments评论；D. bonuses奖金。根据下文“Sometimes we were greeted with open doors and open hearts, while other times, folks remained in the safety and coziness of their homes, watching ____5____ through their windows.”可知，别人对于作者他们唱颂歌的回应是不同的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时，迎接我们的是敞开的门和敞开的心，而另一些时候，人们则呆在安全舒适的家里，透过窗户被动地看着。A. awkwardly尴尬地；B. passively被动；C. randomly随机地；D. positively积极地。根据上文“folks remained in the safety and coziness of their homes”可知，人们呆在安全舒适的家中，被动的看着窗外。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：旅途中的一站尤其唤醒了我们的记忆。A. stuck in卡在；B. woke up唤醒；C. stirred up挑起；D. slipped from从……滑下。根据空后的“our memory”可知，一次旅程唤醒了作者的记忆。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位头发花白的绅士温柔地要求我们上楼为卧床不起的妻子唱歌。A. commanded命令；B. proposed建议；C. requested请求；D. recommended推荐。根据空后“we go upstairs to sing for his bedridden wife”可知，一位老人要求作者他们去给她生病的妻子唱颂歌。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他骄傲地补充道：“她热爱音乐，曾经是一名歌剧歌手。”A. shamefully可耻地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. suspiciously可疑地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据下文“She loves music and used to be an opera singer.”可知，老人对于妻子年轻时热爱音乐并且是一名歌剧歌手而感到骄傲。由此可知，此处指他骄傲的说。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们轻快地向上走进这对夫妇令人崇拜的公寓。A. unfurnished没有家具的；B. adorable值得崇拜的；C. tiny微小的；D. trendy时髦的。根据下文“Books, records, and antique furniture whispered stories to us.”可知，老人家里有书，唱片和一些古董家具，所以他们的公寓令人崇拜。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我提醒自己不要盯着看，以免侵犯他们的隐私。A. for the sake of为了；B. for fear of以免；C. in spite of尽管；D. in the hope of怀着……的希望。根据空后“invading their privacy”可知，作者觉得不应该盯着他们家看，以免侵犯他们的隐私。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在妻子身边的那位先生向我们点了点头。A. smile微笑；B. glance浏览；C. tune调整；D. nod点头。根据下文“Then our voices rose and lingered around their small home. ”可知，老人点头示意作者和同伴开始唱圣诞颂歌。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的声音在这个场合被赋予了额外的优雅和美丽吗？A. grace优雅；B. seriousness严重性；C. bitterness苦味；D. sympathy同情。根据下文空后“and beauty”可知，作者觉得在这个能够给人带来温暖的场合，她们的声音似乎也被赋予了额外的优雅和美丽。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女人那布满皱纹却美丽的脸上闪烁着微笑。A. fake假的；B. bright明亮的；C. rosy玫瑰色的；D. wrinkled褶皱的。根据上文“A gentleman, gray-haired, tenderly ____7____ we go upstairs to sing for his bedridden wife. ”可知，这对夫妇已经上了年纪，所以微笑出现在了她长满皱纹的脸上。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这样温馨的一幕，我们觉得这是一个神圣的夜晚，因为我们在温柔的爱面前。A. presence出席；B. absence缺席；C. expectation期望；D. circle圆圈。根据上文“She snuggled her head against her husband’s shoulder and both of them heartily enjoyed our performance. Witnessing such a heartwarming scene, ”可知，作者觉得这一晚上非常神圣是因为爱，爱就在他们面前。in the presence of“在……面前”。故选A
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我们发现了，可能重新找回了圣诞精神。A. created创造；B. acquired获得；C. spread散布；D. regained重新获得。根据上文“Witnessing such a heartwarming scene, we felt it was a holy night, for we were in the ____14____ of love that was gentle and mild.”可知，作者觉得在这个神圣的夜晚，她们重获了圣诞精神。故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ____36____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ____37____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____38____ (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ____39____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____40____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____41____ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____42____ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ____43____ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ____44____ (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____45_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
【答案】36. and
37. originally
38. surrounded
39. were permitted
40. featured
41. spacious
42. simpler
43. as 44. events
45. the
【解析】
【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
【39题详解】
考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【点睛】
第三部分 作文(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 为了了解学生周末用餐的情况，你的学校进行了一次相关的调查，下图是这次调查的结果。请你根据图表数据，以“Convenience Food or Fresh Food on Weekends ”为题写一篇投稿，内容包括：
1. 学生周末用餐选择情况的描述；
2. 简单的分析；
3. 你的想法。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 短文题目已为你写好；
3. 请在相应位置作答。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Convenience Food or Fresh Food on Weekends
Recently, our school conducted a survey, which aims to figure out how the students enjoy their weekend dinner.
It comes as no surprise that over half of the students surveyed prefer fresh food prepared at home, which is healthier and more delicious. 30% of the students choose to dine out in restaurants, while only 11% order takeouts. Obviously, fresh food is more favorable than convenience food on weekends.
Personally, I have a preference for having fresh food cooked at home. Not only can I have a good taste of the dishes my mother cooks for me, I can also enjoy the time with my parents and communicate with them about my experiences in school. It’s a precious occasion that tightens our bond and gives me courage to face the challenges back in the real world. (125 words)
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。学校就学生周末用餐的情况进行了一次相关的调查，要求考生根据图表数据，以“Convenience Food or Fresh Food on Weekends ”为题写一篇文章投稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
进行调查：conduct a survey→carry out a survey
美味：delicious→tasty
就本人而言：personally→as far as I’m concerned
明显地：obviously→apparently
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Personally, I have a preference for having fresh food cooked at home.
拓展句：Personally, I have a preference for having fresh food which is cooked at home.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, our school conducted a survey, which aims to figure out how the students enjoy their weekend dinner. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和how引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only can I have a good taste of the dishes my mother cooks for me, I can also enjoy the time with my parents and communicate with them about my experiences in school (运用了not only置于句首引起的部分倒装句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sam was a junior high school student. He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life. So much of what he knew about plants came from text-books. Sam was a kind-hearted person. He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world.
Finally, the opportunity came. On Arbor Day (植树节), his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees. Sam was excited about it and couldn’t wait to tell his mom the good news. So the next day, Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees, including a shovel(铲), a bucket, gloves and so on.
On the day of the event, Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point. It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy. With the tools in hand, Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination.
As soon as they reached the village, all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher. One team was responsible for planting the trees, one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees. At the teacher’s command, everyone started to do their job.
However, it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees, so they had no idea about how to start. Of course, Sam was one of them. Fortunately, their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees. In order to set an example to the students, the teacher started to plant trees himself. After watching the teacher plant the trees, everyone also became busy. Before long, they planted hundreds of trees. Sam watched very carefully, not wanting to miss any of the details. Finally, Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community. After seeing what had happened, Sam felt that it was time for him to put the skills of planting trees he had learned to use. He went home and told his mom he wanted to save those trees. So he took the tools that he had used to plant the trees. With the skills taught by his teacher, he worked with his mom to replant those trees. They helped the trees survive.
The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done. Sam told them about his experience of planting trees. But he owed all the kindnesses to his teacher and mother. He explained that because of his teacher and mother, he learned the skills and saved the trees. The neighbours were very happy to hear that. They said Sam was a role model and that they would ask their children to learn the skills from Sam. Sam felt proud and decided to develop a better community and protect the environment with them.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件长线索开，讲述了Sam喜欢探索大自然，他想为美化世界尽自己的一份力在一次植树节在老师的帮助下与同学们种下了几百棵树，Sam学会了种树，感到很高兴。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几天后，一场暴风雨把社区的很多树破坏了”可知，第一段可描写Sam见到这个情况后的想法以及最后的做法。。
②由第二段首句内容“邻居们夸奖Sam所做的事”可知，第二段可描写Sam听到赞美后的回应以及感受。
2.续写线索：暴风雨——Sam的决定——在社区的做法——邻居的反应——Sam的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 回家：go home/return home
②. 想要：want/intend/would like
③.要求：ask/require
情绪类
①.高兴：happy/delightful/pleased
②.自豪：feel proud/take pride
【点睛】[高分句型1]. After seeing what had happened, Sam felt that it was time for him to put the skills of planting trees he had learned to use. （运用了what引导的宾语从句以及省略关系代词的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. With the skills taught by his teacher, he worked with his mom to replant those trees. （运用了“with+宾语+宾补”结构）
[高分句型3]. He explained that because of his teacher and mother, he learned the skills and saved the trees. （that引导的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）东莞外国语学校2024届高三年级第四次月考
英语试题
(考试时间120分钟;试卷满分120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school.
PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in.
PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.
You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback.
Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022.
Waiting lists
If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held.
When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future.
Deregistering
If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance.
You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu..
1. In PASS, students ________.
A. attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules
C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems
2. What can students do if a session is full
A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list.
C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list.
3. Students will be deregistered if ________.
A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively
C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row
B
Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.
I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.
So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.
When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.
Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.
4. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name
A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled.
5. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________.
A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work
6. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________.
A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing
7. What can we learn from this passage
A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution.
C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction.
C
Gone are the days when humans covered themselves with blankets to keep warm. It’s now the time to put glaciers under blankets to keep them cool because at the rate climate is changing, this seems like a good idea to keep them from melting.
A ski resort in the Swiss Alps, Switzerland uses blankets to protect the glacier from the warm climate. Gian Darms, who handles snow conditions at the ski resort told about this unique procedure and said, “We lay the fleece over the glacier like a natural protective shield.” The blankets are being used to cover the top of the 10, 623-foot Mount Titlis whose glacier has already melted in the last few decades and it is expected to disappear completely in the next 50 years due to global warming.
To diminish the effect of climate change, resort employees have taken it upon themselves to protect the glacier from the heat and for this process, they spend about five to six weeks every summer covering parts of the glacier with protective polyester fleece. This helps to reflect the sun’s energy back into the atmosphere and prevent the glacier from melting, while also preserving the already fallen snow on the glacier in the previous winter season. After the season passes, the employees remove the coating and use the collected snow to fill in any gaps in the glacier’s surface.
This practice has been going on for a while and the amount of the glaciers covered has increased to almost 100 ,000 square meters now. “We’ve been covering more and more glaciers in the last few years. Almost 30, 000 square meters more this year alone. We will have to cover more glaciers in reaction to the climate change,” said Darms.
The ski resort’s actions show the intense effect of climate change on glaciers which have been melting at rapid rates in the past few years. Many different resorts have also started covering their glaciers because if there are no more glaciers, then there is no more business for these ski resorts.
8. What does the Swiss ski resort use blankets for
A. Keeping the glacier from melting. B. Preventing workers from feeling cold.
C. Protecting visitors from strong sunlight. D. Stopping visitors from destroying glaciers.
9. What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A Measure. B. Reduce. C. Accept. D. Record.
10. What do Gian Darms’s words in paragraph 4 indicate
A. The amount of the glaciers drops rapidly. B. More ski resorts are gradually recovering.
C. Climate change is becoming more serious. D. There is a better solution to global warming.
11. From which is the text most probably taken
A. A travel brochure. B. An advertisement.
C. A news report. D. A geography text book.
D
The scientist’s job is to figure out how the world works, to “torture (拷问)” Nature to reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philosopher Francis Bacon described it. But who are these people in the lab coats (or sports jackets, or T-shirts and jeans) and how do they work It turns out that there is a good deal of mystery surrounding the mystery-solvers.
“One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings — brains, education, culture etc. that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.
Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction (推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.”
But others disagree with this universal scientific mind. They believe that scientists have special abilities that set them apart. Discovering these abilities may be hard, Allen thinks, as many scientists will be reluctant to reveal them and would prefer to preserve the mystery of creativity, fearing that if it became an object of study it would lose its magic.
But for Allen, this is all part of a bigger question of what lies behind anyone’s behavior. “We are only just beginning to understand how the characteristics of organisms, including ourselves, aren’t the fixed products of either genes or of environment/culture, but each of us is the product of a continual interactive process in which we help build the environments that in turn shape us,” he said.
“As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.
12. Why does the author mention Max Planck in paragraph 3
A. To introduce a famous scientist. B. To stress the role of creativity in science.
C. To compare different views on science. D. To illustrate what is curiosity inscience.
13. What do Allen's words in the last two paragraphs suggest
A. Human behavior is changeable and unpredictable.
B. We are passively influenced by our genes and culture.
C. Our interaction with the environment makes us who we are.
D. Current technology has revealed a lot about human behavior.
14. What is Allen’s attitude to the current study on the human brain
A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Approving. D. Pessimistic.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Who Are The Mystery-solvers B. Scientists Are Not Born But Made
C. Great Mystery: What Makes A Scientist D. Solving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____16____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____17____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____18____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____19____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. ____20____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At Christmas time, I often reflect upon one particular evening in the early 1960s. Back then, we decided to go carolling (唱圣诞颂歌) to spread the Christmas spirit which might ____21____ someone else’s life. So we quickly ____22____ members, for whom the only ____23____ was warmth of spirit.
Soon we discovered that carolling brought various ____24____. Sometimes we were greeted with open doors and open hearts, while other times, folks remained in the safety and coziness of their homes, watching ____25____ through their windows.
One stop on our journey particularly ____26____ our memory. That night, after a couple of songs, one door swung open. A gentleman, gray-haired, tenderly ____27____ we go upstairs to sing for his bedridden wife. He added ____28____, “She loves music and used to be an opera singer.”
We stepped briskly upward into the couple’s ____29____ apartment. Books, records, and antique furniture whispered stories to us. I reminded myself not to stare _____30_____ invading their privacy.
Sitting beside his wife, the gentleman gave us a _____31_____. Then our voices rose and lingered around their small home. Had our voices been given extra _____32_____ and beauty for this occasion Perhaps they had.
A smile flickered on the woman’s _____33_____, yet beautiful face. She snuggled her head against her husband’s shoulder and both of them heartily enjoyed our performance. Witnessing such a heartwarming scene, we felt it was a holy night, for we were in the _____34_____ of love that was gentle and mild.
At that moment, we found, and maybe even _____35_____, the Christmas spirit.
21. A. change B. brighten C. shape D. influence
22. A. sponsored B. consulted C. dismissed D. recruited
23. A. requirement B. objective C. reward D. privilege
24. A. consequences B. responses C. comments D. bonuses
25. A. awkwardly B. passively C. randomly D. positively
26. A. stuck in B. woke up C. stirred up D. slipped from
27 A. commanded B. proposed C. requested D. recommended
28. A. shamefully B. hesitantly C. suspiciously D. proudly
29. A. unfurnished B. adorable C. tiny D. trendy
30. A. for the sake of B. for fear of C. in spite of D. in the hope of
31. A. smile B. glance C. tune D. nod
32. A. grace B. seriousness C. bitterness D. sympathy
33. A. fake B. bright C. rosy D. wrinkled
34. A. presence B. absence C. expectation D. circle
35. A. created B. acquired C. spread D. regained
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ____36____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ____37____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____38____ (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ____39____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____40____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____41____ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____42____ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ____43____ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ____44____ (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____45_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
第三部分 作文(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 为了了解学生周末用餐情况，你的学校进行了一次相关的调查，下图是这次调查的结果。请你根据图表数据，以“Convenience Food or Fresh Food on Weekends ”为题写一篇投稿，内容包括：
1. 学生周末用餐选择情况的描述；
2. 简单的分析；
3. 你的想法。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 短文题目已你写好；
3. 请在相应位置作答。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sam was a junior high school student. He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life. So much of what he knew about plants came from text-books. Sam was a kind-hearted person. He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world.
Finally, the opportunity came. On Arbor Day (植树节), his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees. Sam was excited about it and couldn’t wait to tell his mom the good news. So the next day, Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees, including a shovel(铲), a bucket, gloves and so on.
On the day of the event, Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point. It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy. With the tools in hand, Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination.
As soon as they reached the village, all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher. One team was responsible for planting the trees, one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees. At the teacher’s command, everyone started to do their job.
However, it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees, so they had no idea about how to start. Of course, Sam was one of them. Fortunately, their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees. In order to set an example to the students, the teacher started to plant trees himself. After watching the teacher plant the trees, everyone also became busy. Before long, they planted hundreds of trees. Sam watched very carefully, not wanting to miss any of the details. Finally, Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
A few days later, a storm damaged some young trees in the community.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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