资源简介

Unit9 topic talking-lesson2
biology
词性：名词
中文意思：生物学
英文释义：the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment
词源：来自希腊语的β ολο (bios) 和λ γο (logos)，意为“生命”和“学科”。
例句：She is studying biology at university.
固定搭配：molecular biology（分子生物学），taxonomy（分类学）
近义词：natural science, life science
capability
词性：名词
中文意思：能力，才能
英文释义：the ability to do something or be something
词源：来自拉丁语的capabilitas，意为“能力”。
例句：He has the capability to solve complex problems.
固定搭配：human capability（人类能力），technical capability（技术能力）
近义词：ability, talent, skill
marathon
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：马拉松，长跑比赛；持久的，耐力的
英文释义：a long-distance running race, typically 42.195 kilometers; lasting a long time or requiring great effort
词源：来自古希腊的传说，一位士兵在战斗中跑了很长的距离，最后到达雅典。为了纪念他，设立了一个长跑比赛，即马拉松。
例句：She completed the marathon in under three hours.
固定搭配：marathon runner（马拉松选手），marathon session（长时间的会议或工作）
近义词：endurance, long-distance race, ultra-marathon
justify
词性：动词
中文意思：证明…是正当的，合理化
英文释义：to show that something is right or reasonable
词源：来自拉丁语的justificare，意为“使公正”。
例句：He tried to justify his absence from work.
固定搭配：justify one's actions（证明某人的行为是正当的），justify a decision（证明一个决定是合理的）
近义词：defend, validate, rationalize
infer
词性：动词
中文意思：推断，推论
英文释义：to conclude or form an opinion based on evidence or reasoning
词源：来自拉丁语的inferre，意为“引向内部”。
例句：From her expression, I could infer that she was unhappy.
固定搭配：infer from（从…中推断出），infer a conclusion（得出结论）
近义词：deduce, conclude, guess
calculate
词性：动词
中文意思：计算，推算
英文释义：to find out (a number or amount) by using numbers, especially when it is difficult
词源：来自拉丁语calculus（小石子），因为古代的计算器是用小石子和棍子来进行计算的。
例句：I need to calculate the cost of the trip.
固定搭配：calculate on/upon sth.预计；calculate that...计算出...
近义词：compute, figure, reckon
physicist
词性：名词
中文意思：物理学家
英文释义：a scientist who studies the nature and properties of matter and energy, and their interactions with each other and with light
词源：来自希腊语φυσικ （physikos）和τ θημα（titēma），意为“自然”和“主题”。
例句：He is a famous physicist in the world.
固定搭配：astrophysicist天体物理学家；particle physicist粒子物理学家
近义词：scientist, researcher, scholar
athletics
词性：名词
中文意思：体育运动，田径运动
英文释义：the activity or sport of running, jumping, throwing, etc., as a competitive activity
词源：来自希腊语ατλ νων（atlēnōn），意为“竞技”。
例句：She is very interested in athletics.
固定搭配：track and field athletics田径运动；athletics meet运动会
近义词：sports, exercise, physical activity
innovate
词性：动词
中文意思：创新，改革
英文释义：to introduce new ideas, methods, products, etc.
词源：来自拉丁语innovare，意为“更新，革新”。
例句：The company needs to innovate in order to stay competitive.
固定搭配：innovate on/upon sth.对...进行创新；innovate in sth.在某方面进行创新
近义词：create, devise, initiate
betterment
词性：名词
中文意思：改善，提高
英文释义：the act of making something better or more satisfactory
词源：来自better（更好的）+ -ment（表示结果或状态）。
例句：The project aims to bring about betterment in the community.
固定搭配：social betterment社会进步；economic betterment经济改善
近义词：improvement, enhancement, progress
vaccine
词性：名词
中文意思：疫苗
英文释义：a substance that stimulates the body's immune system to produce immunity to a specific disease, by introducing a small amount of the disease into the body
词源：来自拉丁语的vacca（母牛）和in（进入），意为“引入母牛的物质”
例句：The government is providing free vaccines to the public.
固定搭配：vaccination schedule（疫苗接种时间表）、live vaccine（活疫苗）、dead vaccine（灭活疫苗）
近义词：immunogen（免疫原）
resilience
词性：名词
中文意思：韧性，恢复力
英文释义：the ability to bounce back from difficult situations or adversity
词源：来自拉丁语的resilire（弹回，恢复原状）
例句：She showed remarkable resilience after losing her job.
固定搭配：emotional resilience（情绪恢复力）、financial resilience（财务恢复力）
近义词：toughness（坚韧）、endurance（耐力）
participant
词性：名词
中文意思：参与者，参加者
英文释义：a person who takes part in an activity or event
词源：来自拉丁语的participare（分享，参与）
例句：All participants are required to sign a waiver form.
固定搭配：participant observation（参与观察）、participant experience（参与体验）
近义词：contestant（竞争者）、athlete（运动员）
doping
词性：动词/名词
中文意思：使用兴奋剂，服用兴奋剂
英文释义：to use performance-enhancing drugs or substances, especially in sports competitions
词源：来自荷兰语的dop（药丸），意为“药物”
例句：The athlete was disqualified for doping.
固定搭配：doping test（兴奋剂检测）、doping scandal（兴奋剂丑闻）
近义词：drug use（药物使用）、performance enhancement（性能增强）
clone
词性：名词/动词
中文意思：克隆，复制品
英文释义：an organism or cell produced by artificially duplicating another organism or cell, or an exact copy of something else
词源：来自希腊语的klon（枝条），意为“分支”或“副本”
例句：Scientists have successfully cloned several animals, including sheep and mice.
edit：
词性：动词
中文意思：编辑，校对
英文释义：to prepare (written or recorded material) for publication or performance by correcting, revising, or adapting it
词源：来自拉丁语的 "editor"，意为“修正者”
例句：I need to edit this essay before submitting it.
固定搭配：edit a book/article/film
近义词：proofread, revise, correct
gene：
词性：名词
中文意思：基因
英文释义：a unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring; a segment of DNA that carries information for making a specific protein or RNA molecule
词源：来自希腊语的 "genos"，意为“出生”或“起源”
例句：Scientists have identified a gene that is associated with Alzheimer's disease.
固定搭配：genetic engineering, genetic code, gene therapy
近义词：allele, genotype, chromosome
artificially：
词性：副词
中文意思：人工地，人为地
英文释义：in a way that is not natural or not produced by nature
词源：来自拉丁语的 "artificialis"，意为“由艺术或技巧产生的”
例句：The flavor of the food was artificially enhanced with chemicals.
固定搭配：artificially induced, artificially intelligent, artificial respiration
近义词：man-made, synthetic, imitation
barrier：
词性：名词
中文意思：障碍，屏障
英文释义：something that prevents progress or movement; a physical obstacle
词源：来自古法语的 "barre"，意为“树篱”或“栅栏”
例句：There is a language barrier between us.
固定搭配：barrier reef, language barrier, trade barrier
近义词：obstacle, hindrance, impediment
identical：
词性：形容词
中文意思：相同的，一模一样的
英文释义：exactly alike; having no differences or distinctions
词源：来自拉丁语的 "identicus"，意为“相同的”
例句：The twins look identical.
固定搭配：identical twins, identical copies, identical fingerprints
近义词：alike, similar, matching
twin
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：双胞胎，两个一样的事物
英文释义：one of two children born to the same mother at the same time
词源：来自古英语的twīn，意为“二，两个”
例句：She gave birth to twins last month.（她上个月生了一对双胞胎。）
固定搭配：twin brothers/sisters（双胞胎兄弟/姐妹），identical twins（同卵双胞胎）
近义词：two-child, double, duplicate
mammal
词性：名词
中文意思：哺乳动物
英文释义：an animal that feeds its young on milk produced by the mother's body
词源：来自拉丁语的mamma，意为“乳房”
例句：Dogs and cats are both mammals.（狗和猫都是哺乳动物。）
固定搭配：marsupial mammal（有袋类哺乳动物），aquatic mammal（水生哺乳动物）
近义词：breather, vertebrate, warm-blooded animal
camel
词性：名词
中文意思：骆驼
英文释义：a large four-legged animal with a hump on its back, used for riding and carrying goods in desert areas
词源：来自阿拉伯语的khālm，意为“驮畜”
例句：We rode camels across the desert.（我们骑着骆驼穿越沙漠。）
固定搭配：camel ride（骑骆驼），camel hair（骆驼毛），camel spider（骆驼蜘蛛）
近义词：dromedary, one-humped camel, ship of the desert
cattle
词性：名词
中文意思：牛，牲畜
英文释义：domesticated bovine animals raised for their meat, milk, or hides
词源：来自拉丁语的cattle，意为“牛”
例句：The farmer has a herd of cattle.（这个农民有一队牛。）
固定搭配：cattle farm（养牛场），cattle market（牲畜市场），cattle drive（赶牛活动）
近义词：cow, bull, bovine, livestock
goat
词性：名词
中文意思：山羊
英文释义：a small domesticated mammal with horns and pointed ears, often kept for its milk or meat
词源：来自古英语的gāt，意为“山羊”
例句：The mountain is covered with goats.（山上到处都是山羊。）
固定搭配：goat cheese（山羊奶酪），goat milk（山羊奶），goat grazing（放牧山羊）
近义词：sheep, nanny, billy
forever
词性：副词
中文意思：永远，不断地
英文释义：for all time; continuously
词源：来自古英语的fore-（始终）和-ever（时间）的组合
例句：I will love you forever.
固定搭配：forever and ever（永远）；forever young（永葆青春）
近义词：always, eternally, perpetually
primate
词性：名词
中文意思：灵长类动物；首领，头目
英文释义：any of a group of mammals that includes monkeys, apes, and humans; a person who leads or commands others
词源：来自拉丁语的primatus，意为“首位”或“第一”
例句：The zoo has many different kinds of primates.
固定搭配：primate species（灵长类物种）；primate society（灵长类社会）
近义词：monkey, ape, leader, chief
ape
词性：名词
中文意思：猿，猩猩
英文释义：a large primate with no tail and long arms, found in forests in Africa and Asia
词源：来自拉丁语的apis，意为“猴子”
例句：The ape climbed up the tree to get some fruit.
固定搭配：ape behavior（猿行为）；ape language（猿语言）
近义词：monkey, gorilla, chimpanzee
comparison
词性：名词
中文意思：比较，对比；比喻，类比
英文释义：the act of comparing two or more things; an expression that is used to explain something by likening it to something else
词源：来自拉丁语的comparare，意为“比较”
例句：There is no comparison between the two cars.
固定搭配：in comparison with/to（与…相比）；make a comparison（进行比较）
近义词：contrast, analogy, metaphor
reproductive
词性：形容词
中文意思：生殖的，繁殖的；再生的，再生产的
英文释义：related to reproduction; able to reproduce or be reproduced
词源：来自拉丁语的reproducere，意为“再现，再生”
例句：The reproductive system is responsible for creating new life.
固定搭配：reproductive health（生殖健康）；reproductive organs（生殖器官）
近义词：fertile, procreative, generative
wholly
词性：副词
中文意思：完全地，全部地
英文释义：completely, entirely
词源：来自古英语的"hweolī "，意为"整个的，完整的"
例句：The room was wholly destroyed in the fire.（房间在火灾中完全被毁了。）
固定搭配：wholly owned（全资拥有），wholly committed（全心全意投入的）
近义词：entirely, completely, fully
clue
词性：名词
中文意思：线索，提示
英文释义：a piece of information that helps to find an answer or solve a problem
词源：来自拉丁语的"clue"，意为"线索，暗示"
例句：The detective found a clue that led him to the murderer.（侦探找到了一条线索，指向了凶手。）
固定搭配：clueless（毫无头绪的），clue to（……的线索）
近义词：hint, suggestion, indication
accurate
词性：形容词
中文意思：准确的，精确的
英文释义：correct in every detail; free from error
词源：来自拉丁语的"accuratus"，意为"正确的，精确的"
例句：The scientist made an accurate prediction about the future of technology.（科学家对未来的技术做出了准确的预测。）
固定搭配：accurate measurement（精确测量），accurate report（准确的报告）
近义词：precise, exact, correct
treatment
词性：名词
中文意思：治疗，疗法
英文释义：the act of treating someone who is ill or injured; a particular way of treating something
词源：来自古法语的"traitement"，意为"处理，对待"
例句：The doctor prescribed a new treatment for his illness.（医生为他的疾病开了一种新的治疗方法。）
固定搭配：treatment plan（治疗计划），treatment options（治疗选择）
近义词：therapy, remedy, cure
provoke
词性：动词
中文意思：激怒，挑起
英文释义：to make someone angry or upset; to cause something to happen
词源：来自拉丁语的"provokō"，意为"刺激，挑衅"
例句：His rude behavior provoked her anger.（他的粗鲁行为激怒了她。）
固定搭配：provoke a reaction（引起反应），provoke conflict（挑起冲突）
近义词：irritate, annoy, trigger
emotion
词性：名词
中文意思：情感，情绪
英文释义：a strong feeling such as love or hate; a person's feelings about something or someone
词源：来自拉丁语的"emovere"，意为"移动，激起"
例句：Her voice trembled with emotion when she spoke.（她说话时声音因激动而颤抖。）
固定搭配：emotional support（情感支持），emotional intelligence（情绪智力）
近义词：feeling, sentiment, mood
crucial
词性：形容词
中文意思：至关重要的，决定性的
英文释义：extremely important; decisive
词源：来自拉丁语 "crux"，意为“关键”或“难题”。
例句：The success of the project is crucial to the company's future.
固定搭配：crucial role, crucial factor, crucial decision
近义词：decisive, vital, essential
bound
词性：动词/形容词
中文意思：被束缚的，有义务的，必定的
英文释义：tied or fastened with a band or string; having an obligation or duty to do something; certain to happen
词源：来自古英语 "bindan"，意为“捆绑”或“绑定”。
例句：I am bound by my promise to help you.
固定搭配：be bound to, be bound for, be bound up in
近义词：obligated, committed, determined
ethical
词性：形容词
中文意思：道德的，伦理的
英文释义：concerning principles of right and wrong behavior; based on moral principles
词源：来自希腊语 "ethos"，意为“习俗”或“气质”。
例句：It is unethical to cheat on exams.
固定搭配：ethical dilemma, ethical code, ethical standards
近义词：moral, virtuous, principled
mere
词性：形容词
中文意思：仅仅的，纯粹的
英文释义：only; nothing more than; pure
词源：来自古英语 "mear"，意为“只有”或“仅仅”。
例句：He is a mere child.
固定搭配：mere mention, mere possibility, mere coincidence
近义词：only, just, simply
inferior
词性：形容词
中文意思：下级的，劣等的，差的
英文释义：lower in rank, quality, or value; not as good as others of its kind
词源：来自拉丁语 "inferior"，意为“在下面”或“较低的”。
例句：She felt inferior to her colleagues.
固定搭配：inferior product, inferiority complex, feel inferior
近义词：subordinate, lower, poorer
abuse
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：滥用，虐待
英文释义：to use something wrongly or harmfully; to treat someone badly
词源：来自拉丁语 abusus，意为“滥用”
例句：He was arrested for the abuse of power.（他因滥用职权被捕。）
固定搭配：child abuse（虐待儿童），drug abuse（滥用药物）
近义词：misuse, mistreatment
blessing
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：祝福，保佑
英文释义：something that is good and makes you feel happy or lucky; to say words to show that you are pleased or thankful for something
词源：来自古英语 blesian，意为“祝福”
例句：May God bless you with happiness.（愿上帝保佑你幸福。）
固定搭配：blessing in disguise（塞翁失马，焉知非福）
近义词：favor, benediction
curse
词性：名词、动词
中文意思：诅咒，祸害
英文释义：a word or action that is said or done to cause harm or bad luck to someone or something; to speak or write words that express strong dislike or anger towards someone or something
词源：来自古英语 cursian，意为“诅咒”
例句：She put a curse on him before she left.（她离开前对他下了诅咒。）
固定搭配：curse of poverty（贫困的诅咒），curse of addiction（上瘾的诅咒）
近义词：bane, damnation
atom
词性：名词
中文意思：原子
英文释义：the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of that element and can combine with other atoms to form molecules
词源：来自希腊语 atomos，意为“不可分割”
例句：The atom is the basic unit of matter.（原子是物质的基本单位。）
固定搭配：atomic bomb（原子弹），nuclear atom（核原子）
近义词：molecule, particle
nerve
词性：名词、形容词
中文意思：神经，勇敢
英文释义：a bundle of fibers that carry signals between the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the body; brave or confident
词源：来自古英语 n rwe，意为“感觉”或“勇气”
例句：She has a lot of nerve to ask for more money.（她真有胆量要求更多钱。）
organ
词性：名词
中文意思：器官；机构；机关
英文释义：a part of the body, especially one that performs a particular function; an organization or establishment
词源：来自拉丁语organum，意为“工具”或“器官”
例句：The heart is an organ of the body.（心脏是身体的器官。）
固定搭配：nervous organ（神经器官）；digestive organ（消化器官）；musical instrument（乐器）
近义词：part, component, element, unit
contain
词性：动词
中文意思：包含；容纳；控制
英文释义：to have or hold something within itself; to include or hold something within limits
词源：来自拉丁语contenere，意为“包围，限制”
例句：This box contains books.（这个盒子里装着书。）
固定搭配：contain oneself（克制自己）；be contained in（包含在……中）；containment policy（遏制政策）
近义词：hold, include, enclose, embrace
impulse
词性：名词
中文意思：冲动；推动力；脉冲
英文释义：a sudden strong wish or need to do something; a sudden push or force that makes something move; a sudden change in the amount of electricity flowing through a circuit
词源：来自拉丁语impulsus，意为“推动，冲击”
例句：She acted on impulse and bought the dress.（她一时冲动买了这件衣服。）
固定搭配：on impulse（一时冲动地）；impulse buying（冲动购物）；impulse control（冲动控制）
近义词：urge, drive, motivation, prompting
locate
词性：动词
中文意思：定位；找到；位于
英文释义：to find the position of someone or something; to be situated in a particular place
词源：来自拉丁语locatus，意为“放置，安置”
例句：We need to locate the missing hiker.（我们需要找到失踪的徒步旅行者。）
固定搭配：locate on/in（位于……上/内）；locate at/in（位于……处）；be located in（位于……）
近义词：find, discover, spot, pinpoint
crossword
词性：名词
中文意思：纵横字谜，填字游戏
英文释义：a puzzle in which words are filled in a grid of squares, typically with clues that refer to the words' meanings or definitions
词源：cross（十字）+ word（单词）
例句：I enjoy doing crosswords in my free time.
固定搭配：solve a crossword, crossword puzzle, crossword clues
近义词：puzzle, word game
zone
词性：名词
中文意思：区域，地带
英文释义：an area or region that is set apart for a particular purpose or activity
词源：来自法语“zone”，意为“带状物”
例句：The city has designated this area as a no-parking zone.
固定搭配：no-parking zone, pedestrian zone, business zone
近义词：area, region, district
junk food
词性：名词
中文意思：垃圾食品，无营养食品
英文释义：food that is high in calories and low in nutritional value, often containing large amounts of sugar, salt, or fat
词源：junk（废旧物品）+ food（食物）
例句：Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems.
固定搭配：consume junk food, fast food junkie, junk food diet
近义词：processed food, unhealthy food, snack food
intake
词性：名词/动词
中文意思：摄入量，吸收；入口，进口
英文释义：noun: the amount of something that enters or is taken in by someone or something verb: to take in (something) through the mouth or nose
词源：in（进入）+ take（拿取）
例句：The doctor recommended a reduced intake of sugar.
固定搭配：daily intake, intake of nutrients, intake form
近义词：consumption, absorption, entrance
omega
词性：名词/形容词
中文意思：希腊字母的最后一个字母；欧米茄（品牌名）
英文释义：noun: the last letter of the Greek alphabet; adjective: relating to or denoting the last letter of the Greek alphabet (Ω) or its equivalent in other alphabets used for writing the Greek language
词源：来自希腊字母表中的最后一个字母Ω（Omega）
例句：The company produces Omega watches.
固定搭配：Omega-3 fatty acids, Omega symbol, Omega point
近义词：last letter of Greek alphabet, OMEGA

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