06 Unit6 单元知识梳理+专题过关(含解析) 人教新目标版英语2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末复习

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06 Unit6 单元知识梳理+专题过关(含解析) 人教新目标版英语2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末复习

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人教新目标版英语2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考点大串讲06 Unit 6单元知识梳理+专题过关
Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.
重点短语
1.grow up成长;长大
2.basketball/soccer player 篮球/足球运动员
3.be sure about对……有把握
4.make sure确信;务必
5.send…to…把……送到……
6.send away 送走
7.the coming year 来年
8.the meaning of……的意思
9.different kinds of不同种类的
10.write down写下;记下
11.write articles 写文章
12.have to do with与……有关系
13..take up (doing) 开始做;学着做
14. too…to…太……而不能……
15.want to be 想成为
16.worry about 担忧;担心
17.a fast car 跑车
18.a race car driver 赛车手
19.take acting/singing lessons上表演/歌唱课
20.cooking school 烹饪学校
21.make the soccer team
成为足球队一员、组建足球队
22.get back from school从学校返回
23.make resolutions 下决心
24.at the beginning of 在……开始,在……初
25.move to sp. 搬到某地
26.improve one’s life 改善某人的生活
27.New Year’s resolution 新年决心
28.for this reason 出于这个原因
29.agree with sb. 赞成/同意某人(的观点)
30.make resolutions 下决心
31.make promises 许诺
32.a weekly plan 一个周计划
用法精萃
1.be going to do sth. 打算做某事
2.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事
3.agree to do sth. 同意做某事
4.be able to do能够做某事
考点聚焦
①What do you do
②What are you
③What’s your job
考点一:vi.生长;发育 Vegetables here grow well. 这里的蔬菜长得很好。 He grows taller.他长高了。
vi.逐渐变得;渐渐 He grew old.他变老了。 He grew to like his job.他逐渐喜欢他的工作了。
考点二:vt.种植 People grow rice in South China. 人们在中国南方种植水稻。
vt.留长;蓄长(头发、胡须等) I’ve decided to grow my hair. 我决定留长发。
考点三: grow up 长大;成长 grow into... 长成
例:He has grown into a young man.他已经长成了一个年轻人。
①keep+adj. 保持……
例:keep healthy保持健康
②keep+sb./sth.+adj. 使某人/某物保持……
例:Keep the door open. 让门开着。
③keep+doing sth. 一直不断地做某事
例:He kept blaming himself for what had happened. 他因发生的事情一直自责不已。
④keep on doing sth. (间歇后)做… 例:keep on trying 一直努力
⑤keep...from doing sth.=stop...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事
例:Faith can keep people from doing bad things. 信念能阻止人们干坏事。
⑥keep up with 跟上;赶上
例:To keep up with others, we have to study hard. 为了跟上别人,我们必须努力学习。
【拓展】
keep其他含义
①记(日记、账簿) 例: keep a diary 写日记
②抚养(人);饲养(动) 例: keep his family 支撑他的家庭 keep a pet养宠物
③保留;留下 例: You can keep the book for two days.这本书你可以借两天。
①be sure to do sth. 一定会... 例:She is sure to pass the test. 她一定会通过考试的。
位于句首时,表“一定要/务必”例:Be sure to come tomorrow. 明天一定要来。
②be sure of /about sth. 对...有把握 例:I’m sure of the result. 我对结果有把握。
③be sure that 从句 确信... 例:I’m sure that he will succeed. 我确定他会赢。
④make sure of sth. 对……有把握 例:You should make sure of the time. 你应该确保好时间。
⑤make sure that 从句 确保 例:Make sure (that) No one else knows the secrets.
确保没有其他人知道这个秘密
⑥for sure 确切地;肯定地 例:No one knows for sure what happens.没有人确切地知道发生了什么。
⑦sure = certainly = of course 当然(回答请求)
①邮寄;发送
send sth. to sb.= send sb.sth.把某物寄送给某人
send a letter/ message 寄信/发消息
例:I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.
我打算写文章并把它们寄到报社和杂志社。
②打发;派遣(人) 例:send sb. to sp. 派遣某人去某地;send sb to do sth.派遣某人去做某事
③派(车等) 例:Will you send a car for him 你会给他派辆车吗
【拓展】
send up 发射;使上升 send for 派(人)去请
①n.声音 voice: 嗓音;说话声 noise:噪音
②v.听起来,系动词。 sound+adj 听起来怎么样 That sounds wonderful.那听起来很棒。
sound like sth.听起来像 It sounds like a good idea. 那听起来是个好主意。
be able to 表示“能够”,相当于can,一般可以互换,但在将来时、完成时的句子中只能用be able to ,不能用can.
【辨析】
1.can “能”,表示过去或现在“能力所及”时,与be able to 通用。
例:I think I am able to/can go there on foot. 我认为我可以走路去那里。
2.be able to 的过去时表示“经过努力做到了”的意思,而can 的过去时没有这种意义。
例:He started late, but he was able to catch the eight o'clock train.他出发得晚,但是他赶上了八点的火车。
3.在表达过去某种具体的能力,即在某种场合做某事的能力时,要用was/were able to ,而不用could。
例:At last he was able to swim across the river. 最后他能游过这条河。
4.can 通常只用于现在时和过去时,而be able to 则用于各种时态。
①n.承诺;诺言 make promises (to sb.) to do sth. 许下承诺...
②v.承诺
※promise (sb.) to do sth. 承诺(某人)做某事
例:I promise (you) not to tell anyone.我向你承诺不告诉其他任何人。
I promise myself to travel around the world one day. 我对自己承诺有一天要环游世界。
※promise that从句
例:He promised (that) he would help me.他承诺他会帮助我。
※promise sb. sth.=promise sth. to sb. 承诺某人某物
例:I can’t promise you anything.我不能承诺你任何东西。
【拓展】
keep a promise 遵守承诺 break a promise 违背承诺
have to do with... 与……有关
have nothing to do with...与...无关
例:Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. 有些决心是与更好地计划有关,比如为学习做周计划。
①开始做,学着做(兴趣) take up doing sth.开始学着做某事。
例:He took up (playing) golf when he was a child. 他还是个孩子的时候就开始学着打高尔夫球。
Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos.
有些人也许会说他们将会开始一项业余爱好,比如绘画或摄影
②占用(时间、空间)
例:The desk takes up too much room. 这张书桌占据了太大的空间。
I’m sorry to take up your time. 我很抱歉占用了你的时间。
※too…to…太……而不能……
※so...that 如此……以至于……
※not+形容词/副词+enough to do 不够……到……
例:He is too young to school.他太小了还不能上学。
He is so young that he can’t go to school.他太小了还不能上学。
He is not old enough to go to school. 他不够大到去上学。
特例:
One is never too old to learn.活到老,学到老。(前有not、never、nothing等时不表示否定意义)
一、定义
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
二、结构
(1)will+动词原形
例:In the future, there will be less water. 将来会有更少的水。
(2)be going to+动词原形
例:They’re going to buy some food right away. 他们马上要去买一些食物。
【辨析】
从不严格的语法角度而言,be going to与 will二者可以互换, 但也有细微区别:
1)be going to 表示根据主观判断即将要发生的事情,或含有“计划,准备”的意思。
例:I’m going to buy some fruit. 我要去买点水果。
2)will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
例:He will be twenty years old next month. 他下个月就二十岁了。
三、与一般将来时连用的时间状语
in the future 将来;tomorrow 明天;the day after tomorrow 后天;next (month) 下一个(月)
at once 立刻;马上;soon 很快;right away 立刻;马上;right now 现在;马上;sooner or later 迟早
later 稍后;in +一段时间 ……过后
四、句型转换
(1)否定句
一加二改 :一加(助动词 + not ); 二改 (some 改为 any )
例1:He will visit you tomorrow. 他明天会来看你。
否定句:He won’t visit you tomorrow. (won’t = will not) 他明天不会来看你。
例2:They’re going to buy some food. 他们将要去买些食物。
否定句:They aren’t going to buy any food. 他们将不会去买任何食物。
(2)一般疑问句
一提二改三升调:把(will / be)提到句首;把some改为any;句号改为问号,读升调
例1:He will visit you tomorrow.他明天会来看你。
一般疑问句:—Will he visit you tomorrow 他明天会来看你吗
肯否定回答:—Yes, he will. / No, he won’t.是的他会。/不,他不会。
例2:They’re going to buy some food. 他们将要去买些食物。
一般疑问句:—Are they going to buy any food 他们将要去买些食物吗
肯否定回答:—Yes , they are. / No, they aren’t. 是的,他们会去。/不,他们不去。
五、注意
(1)There be 句型的一般将来时结构为:There is going to / will be + n...,意为“将会有……”
例:There will be a sports meeting next month. 下个月将会有一场运动会。
(2)come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将来。
例:He is leaving. 他马上就离开了。
(3)在条件、时间状语从句中,一般是主将从现。
例:If it is fine tomorrow, I’m going to play basketball. 如果明天天气好的话,我要去打篮球。
一、单项选择
1.—What are you going to be when you ______
—I want to be a doctor like Wu Mengchao.
A.grow up B.cut up C.get up D.wake up
2.Because of the heavy rain, some people can’t ________ from the top of the mountain.
A.put down B.lie down C.write down D.come down
3.When Ann was eight, she ______ play the piano very well.
A.be able to B.is able to C.could D.can
4.—What happened to you
—I had a fight with Sarah last month. But I know I need to ______ our relationship now.
A.stand B.mind C.send D.improve
5.—I like traveling when I am free.
—I have the same ______ as you.
A.article B.hobby C.example D.relationship
6.—How great your New Year’s resolutions are!
—But sometimes I think they are ______ difficult ______ keep.
A.such; to B.so; that C.too; to D.enough; to
7.Mary is going to study ________ because she wants to be a doctor.
A.music B.medicine C.cooking D.painting
8.—What’s your New Year’s ________, Jane
—I’m going to study math harder.
A.information B.schoolwork C.resolution D.relationship
9.The teacher asked the students to read the story quickly and then ________ the main idea of it.
A.write down B.cut down C.take out D.come out
10.—There ________ a basketball game in our school tomorrow.
—Great! I’d like to watch it.
A.be B.is going to be C.is going to have D.will have
11.—Can you answer this question
—Sorry, the question is ________ difficult ________ answer.
A.too; to B.such; to C.so; that D.such; that
12.The man said he was at home last night, but the police ________ if he told the truth.
A.decided B.promised C.questioned D.hoped
13.This is Bob’s ________ thing. You must ask him before you take it.
A.popular B.personal C.enjoyable D.broken
14.—Tom, clean up the table and ________ that the kitchen is clean after dinner.
—I will, Mom.
A.take up B.find out C.look for D.make sure
15.—What do you like to do in your free time
—Well, I have a lot of ________. Swimming is one of them.
A.jokes B.ways C.hobbies D.meanings
16.—Would you like to go to the movies with me this evening
—________, but I promised to go swimming with Eric.
A.Never mind B.I don’t think so C.I’d love to D.I am afraid not
17.There ______ any piano lessons this Sunday. So we are going to work on the farm.
A.don’t have B.doesn’t have C.isn’t going to be D.aren’t going to be
18.—Study hard to ______ you get good results.
—OK. I’ll try my best.
A.make sure B.feel like C.care about D.find out
19.The school trip to Sichuan Museum is really ________ as well as fun.
A.boring B.educational C.meaningless D.personal
20.Good learners often ask ________ because they know knowledge comes from ________.
A.question, question B.questions, questions
C.questions, questioning D.questioning, questioning
二、单句词汇填空
21.Basic e is very important for children. Do you think so
22.If you want to know the m of the new word, you can look up a dictionary.
23.A reporter is going to i our headmaster.
24.It’s impolite to read others’ p letters without permission.
25.— What are you going to do after you finish high school
— I’m going to c in Beijing.
26.Helen is ten years old and she can wash her (自己的) clothes.
27.There are some important (文章) about computer science.
28.The policemen (质疑) the criminal until he told all he knew.
29.Take the (药) three times a day and you’ll feel better soon.
30.Cindy’s birthday is coming. I plan (邮寄) her a gift.
31.—Are you free tomorrow
—No. I (leave) for Beijing to attend an important meeting.
32.When I get home tomorrow, I (paint) the wall blue with my brother.
33.Taking a walk after dinner is good for your (physical) health.
34.I study science very hard because I want to be a great (science) like Sun Jiadong.
35.Linda is a good (piano). She can play the piano very well.
36.如果你许下诺言,就不要轻易改变它。
Don’t change it easily if you .
37.杰克可能明天来,不过我不确定。
Maybe Jack is coming tomorrow, but I’m not it.
38.我的梦想是成为一名作家,所以我打算继续写故事。
My dream is to be a writer, so I’m going to stories.
39.萨莉擅长烹饪。她做的菜好吃。
Sally . Her dishes are delicious.
40.汤姆非常喜欢蓝天并且未来想要成为一名飞行员。
Tom likes the blue sky very much and in the future.
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:——当你长大后想做什么?——我想成为一个像吴孟超一样的医生。
考查动词短语词义辨析。grow up长大;cut up切碎;get up起床;wake up醒来。由答句“I want to be a doctor like Wu Mengchao.”可知,这里询问的是长大后想要做什么。故选A。
2.D
【详解】句意:因为大雨,一些人不能从山顶下来。
考查动词短语词义辨析。put down放下;lie down躺下;write down写下;come down下来。根据本句“Because of the heavy rain...top of the mountain.”句意可知,应是说因为大雨,一些人不能从山顶下来。故选D。
3.C
【详解】句意:安八岁的时候,她的钢琴弹得很好。
考查情态动词。be able to能够,原形;is able to能够,现在时;could能,过去式;can能,原形。根据“When Ann was eight”可知动作发生在过去,用过去式。故选C。
4.D
【详解】句意:——你怎么了?——上个月我和莎拉吵架了。但我知道我现在需要改善我们的关系。
考查动词辨析。stand站立;mind介意;send发送;improve改善。根据“I had a fight with Sarah last month. But I know I need to...our relationship now.”可知,此处说的是要“改善”关系,故选D。
5.B
【详解】句意:——我有空的时候喜欢旅游。 ——我和你有同样的爱好。
考查名词辨析。article文章;hobby爱好;example例子;relationship关系。根据“I like traveling when I am free.”可知,travel“旅游”,属于爱好。故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:——你的新年决心多么伟大啊!——但有时我觉得它们太难了而不能坚持。
考查短语辨析。enough...to...足够……以至于能;too...to...太……而不能……;so...that...和such...that...如此 以至于……,that后接从句。根据“they are...difficult...keep”可知,此处说的是“太难了而不能坚持”,应用too...to...的结构,故选C。
7.B
【详解】句意:玛丽打算学习医学,因为她想成为一名医生。
考查名词辨析。music音乐;medicine医学;cooking烹饪;painting油画。根据“because she wants to be a doctor”可知是想学医学。故选B。
8.C
【详解】句意:——Jane,你的新年决心是什么?——我打算更努力学习数学。
考查名词辨析。information信息;schoolwork学业;resolution决心;relationship关系。根据“I’m going to study math harder”可知此处在谈论新年决心,New Year’s resolution。故选C。
9.A
【详解】句意:老师让学生们快速阅读这个故事,然后写下它的大意。
考查动词短语辨析。write down写下;cut down削减;take out取出;come out出来。根据“ read the story quickly and then...the main idea of it”可知,应是读完故事写下它的大意。故选A。
10.B
【详解】句意:——明天我们学校将有一场篮球赛。——很好!我想看。
考查There be句型的时态。根据“tomorrow”可知要用一般将来时,排除A;结合空前“There”可知用There be句型,其一般将来时是There is/are going to be,或是There will be;故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:——你能回答这个问题吗? ——对不起,这个问题太难回答了。
考查固定句式。too…to…“太……而不能”;such…to…无此搭配,错误,排除B;so…that…“如此……以至于……”;such…that…“如此……以至于……”。根据第一个空后的“difficult”和第二个空后的“answer”可知,此处应用固定句式“too+形容词或副词+to do”。故选A。
12.C
【详解】句意:那个人说他昨晚在家,但警察怀疑他是否说了实话。
考查动词辨析。decide决定;promise承诺;question怀疑;hope希望。根据“but the police...if he told the truth.”可知,警察怀疑那个人说的话的真实性,故选C。
13.B
【详解】句意:这是鲍勃的私人物品。你拿之前一定要问他。
考查形容词词义辨析。popular流行的;personal私人的;enjoyable愉快的;broken破碎的。根据“You must ask him before you take it.”可知,此处表示的是这是鲍勃的私人物品。故选B。
14.D
【详解】句意:——汤姆,晚饭后把桌子打扫干净,确保厨房干净。——我会的,妈妈。
考查动词短语辨析。take up占用;find out找出;look for寻找;make sure确保。根据“clean up the table”可知,此处表示的是确保厨房干净。故选D。
15.C
【详解】句意:——你在空闲时间喜欢做什么?——嗯,我有很多爱好。游泳就是其中之一。
考查名词辨析。jokes玩笑;ways方式;hobbies爱好;meanings意思。根据“Swimming ”可知,游泳是爱好,故选C。
16.C
【详解】句意:——今晚你想跟我一起去看电影吗?——我很想去,但我答应了和Eric一起去游泳。
考查交际用语。Never mind没关系;I don’t think so我并不这么认为;I’d love to我很想去;I am afraid not我恐怕不行。根据“but I promised to go swimming with Eric”可知,很想去,但已经答应了Eric要去游泳,因此是婉拒。故选C。
17.D
【详解】句意:这个星期天没有钢琴课。所以我们要去农场工作。
考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据句子结构及所给选项可知,此处考查there be句型,不与have连用,所以排除A、B两项;再根据“piano lessons”可知,主语为复数,be going to中的be应为are。故选D。
18.A
【详解】句意:——努力学习,确保你取得好成绩。——好的。我会尽力的。
考查动词短语。make sure确保;feel like想要;care about关心;find out找出。根据“Study hard to”可知,努力学习是为了确保取得好成绩。故选A。
19.B
【详解】句意:去四川博物馆的学校旅行既有趣又有教育意义。
考查形容词词义辨析。boring无聊的;educational有教育意义的;meaningless无意义的;personal个人的。根据“Sichuan Museum”和“as well as fun”可知,去博物馆的旅行是充满乐趣和具有教育意义的。故选B。
20.C
【详解】句意:好的学习者经常问问题,因为他们知道知识来自质疑。
考查词义辨析。question问题,名词;向……提出问题,动词。第一空作动词ask的宾语,应填名词,而且问的问题不止一个,所以名词用复数形式。第二空表示“知识来自质疑”,from是介词,后接动名词,故选C。
21.(e)ducation
【详解】句意:基础教育对孩子们来说很重要。你认为是这样吗? 根据空前的“Basic”可知空处应填名词,由首字母提示并结合“is very important for children”可知此处填不可数名词education“教育”,短语basic education意为“基础教育”。故填(e)ducation。
22.(m)eaning
【详解】句意:如果你想知道新单词的含义,你可以查找字典。根据“you can look up a dictionary.”可知你可以查找字典,因此是想知道意思,结合首字母应用meaning表示“意思”。故填(m)eaning。
23.(i)nterview
【详解】句意:一个记者将要采访我们的校长。根据“A reporter”及首字母可知本题考查单词interview“采访”,动词,be going to do sth.“将要做某事”,所以此处应填动词原形,故填(i)nterview。
24.(p)ersonal##(p)rivate
【详解】句意:未经允许读别人的私人信件是不礼貌的。根据“It’s impolite to read others’ p... letters without permission.”结合常识可知未经允许读私人信件不礼貌,“私人的”personal/private,形容词作定语。故填(p)ersonal/(p)rivate。
25.(c)ollege
【详解】句意:——高中毕业后你打算做什么? ——我要去北京上大学。根据“What are you going to do after you finish high school ”可知高中毕业后应该是上大学,go to college“上大学”。故填(c)ollege。
26.own
【详解】句意:海伦十岁了,她会洗自己的衣服。own“自己的”,是形容词,修饰其后的名词,故填own。
27.articles
【详解】句意:有一些关于计算机科学的重要文章。根据“There are some important…”可知,此处应填一个复数名词作主语;article“文章”,可数名词,其复数为articles。故填articles。
28.questioned
【详解】句意:警察质疑这个罪犯,直到他把所知道的都告诉了他。question“质疑”,根据“until he told all he knew”可知句子时态为过去时,故填questioned。
29.medicine
【详解】句意:一天吃三次药,你很快就会好起来的。medicine“药”,不可数名词;take the medicine“服药”。故填medicine。
30.to send
【详解】句意:辛迪的生日快到了。我打算给她邮寄一份礼物。分析句子结构可知,此处是考查plan to do sth.“打算/计划做某事”,其中不定式作宾语;send“邮寄”,动词,其不定式为to send。故填to send。
31.am leaving
【详解】句意:——你明天有空吗?——没有。我要去北京参加一个重要会议。由“tomorrow”可知,时态为一般将来时;leave“离开”,位移动词,用现在进行时表将来,现在进行时的结构为be doing;主语为I,be动词用am。故填am leaving。
32.will paint
【详解】句意:当我明天回家的时候,我要和我哥哥一起把墙漆成蓝色。分析句子结构可知,本句为when引导的时间状语从句;根据“When I get home tomorrow,”可知从句是一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时;paint“给……上油漆”,动词。故填will paint。
33.physical
【详解】句意:饭后散步对你的身体健康有好处。physical health意为“身体健康”;形容词physical修饰名词health,在句中作定语。故填physical。
34.scientist
【详解】句意:我努力学习科学因为我想要成为一名像孙家栋一样伟大的科学家。science“科学”,名词。根据“...I want to be a great I want to be a great...like Sun Jiadong.”可知 ,此处指像孙家栋一样伟大的科学家。scientist“科学家”,名词,表示职业。故填scientist。
35.pianist
【详解】句意:琳达是一个很好的钢琴家。她钢琴弹得很好。根据“Linda ”可知,琳达是钢琴家,应用单数名词pianist“钢琴家”。故填pianist。
36. make a promise
【详解】make a promise“许下诺言”,时态是一般现在时,主语是you,动词用原形,故填make;a;promise。
37. sure about##of
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,be sure about/of“对……有把握;确信”,为固定短语,故填sure;about/of。
38. keep on writing
【详解】结合中英文,所缺表达为“继续写”。be going to+动词原形,因此keep on doing“继续做”,keep用原形;而write“写”,用动名词writing。故填keep;on;writing。
39. is good at cooking
【详解】分析句子可知,此句描述客观事实,所以是一般现在时。根据中英文对照横线上缺的是“擅长烹饪”,由于主语是三单,所以是is;good;at;cooking。
40. wants to be a pilot
【详解】结合中英文,所缺表达为“想要成为一名飞行员”,主语是Tom,第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词want“想”用三单形式wants;want to do sth.“想做某事”,be a pilot“成为一名飞行员”,be动词用原形。故填wants;to;be;a;pilot。
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