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梅雁中学2023-2024学年第一学期12月月考 试卷类型 A
高 二 英 语
(满分130分，考试用时120分钟)
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共10小题;毎小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列3篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York. When you arrive at one of them, you can take buses or taxis to any place in New York. Eating Out There are many kinds of food in New York and you needn’t eat at McDonalds every day. There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown, for example.
Hotels There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is The Plaza on Fifth Avenue but you don’t have to pay a lot to stay in the city. There are also lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA near Central Park is great for the young people. Public Transport In New York, there’s a good bus and subway service. If you are planning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for the journey because it’s cheaper. But you don’t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, such as the Empire State Building, Fifth Avenue and Central Park. The New York taxis are a part of the city experience, so you should take at least one taxi during your visit!
Places to See Finally, there are a lot of places to see in New York-Times Square, the Statue of Liberty. And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city. Shopping Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on Fifth Avenue. They are open seven days a week. But be careful when you look at the prices, because you have to pay a special 8% tax (税) on everything you buy in New York.
1. “The Plaza” is the name of ________ in the passage.
A. a hotel B. a restaurant C. a park D. a McDonald shop
2. How much do you have to pay if you buy a book of 20 in the New York
A. $20.16 B. $21.6 C. $20 D. $28
3. What can we learn about traveling in New York from the passage
A. You can only take buses at airport.
B. You must stay in the best hotel.
C. You had better climb the Statue of Liberty.
D. You have to be disappointed by shopping.
B
“I wish I didn’t have to go to school, Grandpa." complained Alex, throwing his bag on the ground and sitting m the bench beside him. "It's such a waste of time. I’d much prefer to be out working. I could be earning money already If started working now at a restaurant like Big Chicken, I’d be earing good wages as well as good tips and I’d be able to travel and see the world like you did!"
Grandpa smiled across at Alex and looked at him a moment. “It reminds me of a story I once heard-an old tale from China.”
"Long ago in China, there was a kite. Although it rose higher than all the other kites, it longed to go higher. It saw the clouds and the birds way above and hated not being able to go up there. In fact it scolded the string for holding it back. The string was not happy with this situation and thought it was unfair."
"One day, the wind was particularly strong. The kite went up rapidly as the string was let out quickly. “Aw, not again, string!" yelled the kite to the string. 'Stop holding me back! Let me go higher this time! Let go of me!" The string let go and dropped towards the earth, no longer pulled up by the kite. Without the tension of the string holding it, the kite dropped quite quickly down. The kite was badly injured. Do you see the lesson in this for your situation "
”YES! Thanks Grandpa! I understand now." exclaimed Alex. "What the story is actually saying is that sometimes you need constraint in order to reach your potential. Sometimes it's the things you think are holding you back that are actually mostly responsible for your growth. The string is to finish school and the kite is my future potential being realized. And the wind is my education lifting me higher and higher."
Grandpa smiled back. "Exactly, Alex. Well done. I am proud of you, young man.
4. What do we know about Alex
A. He couldn't fit in with his classmates.
B. He behaved badly at school.
C. He desired to do what he wanted to do.
D. He wanted to earn money to support his family.
5. In the old tale, why did the string show dissatisfaction to the kite
A. Because both of them dropped towards the earth.
B. Because the kite blamed the string for holding it back.
C. Because the string hated not being able to go higher.
D. Because the kite could see the clouds and the blue sky.
6. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The kite and The String B. The Grandpa and The Grandson
C. Making yourself a good kite D. A Story full of fun
C
Nature has provided us with many kinds of resources. It is like a great magician(魔术师) creating wonders on Earth. One of them is the Amazon rainforest, the world’s largest and home to millions of plants and animals. Nicknamed”the lungs of our planet”, it produces about one-fifth of Earth’s oxygen. However, this wonderful natural wonder is now in danger.
Thousands of fires have broken out in Brazil, endangering much of the rainforest. These flames have lasted several weeks and are believed to be the”most intense”in almost ten years, according to BBC News.
The Amazon has seen a large number of fires in 2019. Between January and August, there were over 74,000 fires – the highest number since 2013, the BBC reported.
Forest fires are common during the dry season, which runs from July to October. They are usually caused by natural events like lightning. However, most of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture(农业) to clean land, reported CNN.
“It’s the best time to burn because the plants are dry. Farmers wait for the dry season and they start burning and clearing the areas so that their cattle can have grass”wrote CNN meteorologist Haley Brink.
The disaster has raised concern(关注) around the world. The Amazon rainforest is important for preventing climate change, said the BBC, absorbing millions of tons of carbon annually. When trees are cut down or burned, the rainforest’s ability to absorb carbon is reduced.
Brazilian climate expert Carlos Nobre told Reuters he’s worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is destroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a”tipping point (临界点)”, where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah(大草原).
Nobre warned that it is not far off, with between 15 and 17 percent of the rainforest having already been destroyed.
The Brazilian government has sent soldiers to fight the fires. Many people have offered their support and called for recovery efforts. For example, Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said he wanted to donate money and US Actor Leonardo DiCaprio’s environmental charity, Earth Alliance, created a donation fund to help deal with the disaster.
The public are also encouraged to donate to charities concerned with rainforest protection. “Every little bit helps in a bad situation like this,”commented Gizmodo.
7. The underlined word”intense”probably means ______.
A. natural B. terrible C. common D. unexpected
8. What is the main cause of forest fires in the Amazon rainforest this year
A. Lightning. B. Hot weather.
C. Agricultural activities. D. Garbage left by tourists.
9. What was Nobre worried about in the article
A. Global temperatures will rise.
B. The Amazon rainforest is close to disappearing.
C. Animals in the Amazon rainforest are under threat.
D. It will take tens of years for the Amazon rainforest to recover.
10. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A. Efforts made to save the Amazon rainforest.
B. The possible future of the Amazon rainforest.
C. What the Brazilian government has done to fight fires.
D. Celebrities(名人) who care about rainforest protection.
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to do basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. ____11____.
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. ____12____. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.
____13____, if a person is in a state similar to sleep. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.
Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. ____14____. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.
Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. ____15____.
A. Instead, try to cool him
B. You must stay calm
C. Perform first aid immediately
D. Check for breath
E. Here are some tips for first aid
F. It is important to take the correct chest compressions
G. In the center of the chest put your two hands together first
第二卷
第三部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada’s Arctic. When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and ___16___.
But when I first met the group members, I knew I didn’t have anything to ___17___. The group was amazingly ___18___ and I was soon part of a big family boarding on an amazing ___19___!
Approaching the Arctic, I was repeatedly ___20___ with its unusual largeness and its beauty. There I flew over vast glaciers (冰河) and stood on the frozen Arctic Ocean, ___21___ polar bears walk in search of seal holes, and ___22___ wait for a meal.
However, I also learned the pollutants carried by ocean from far away have a negative ___23___ on all Arctic inhabitants. And global warming has put polar bears at ___24___ because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time to ___25___ seals on the ice.
During the journey, I talked with some ___26___ scientists about the ruins of homes once ___27___ by the ancient Thule people. I made good friends with people from different parts of world.
The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty which ___28___ to be preserved. I’ve learned why it is so important to ___29___ it. This journey has made me more determined to try to ___30___ that I do not leave negative or harmful footprints on either Earth or its people.
16.
A. relief B. anxiety C. pride D. argument
17
A. put up B. prepare for C. give up D. worry about
18.
A. easy-going B. well-behaved C. sensitive D. flexible
19.
A. failure B. performance C. adventure D. conflict
20.
A. embarrassed B. ashamed C. amused D. shocked
21.
A. watching B. organizing C. noticing D. guessing
22.
A. painfully B. patiently C. unconsciously D. doubtfully
23.
A. source B. reaction C. effect D. development
24.
A. rest B. ease C. peace D. risk
25.
A. hunt B. explore C. help D. meet
26.
A. demanding B. learned C. modest D. rigid
27.
A. classified B. decorated C. confused D. occupied
28.
A. promises B. benefits C. deserves D. intends
29.
A. take care of B. make use of C. run out of D. became tired of
30.
A. deny B. ensure C. argue D. overlook
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friendship is a precious bond that enriches our lives in ____31____ (count) ways. True friends are like shining gems, offering support, love, and understanding. They are the ones with ____32____ we go through thick and thin, providing a sense of ____33____(belong) and comfort. Friendship is a source of laughter, shared memories, and endless ____34____(adventure). ____35____ it’s late-night conversations or impromptu (即兴的) trips, every moment ____36____ (spend) with a friend becomes a cherished memory. I remember ____37____ time when my friend and I decided to go on a road trip.____38____ no specific destination in mind, we set off on an unforgettable adventure, fueled by excitement and curiosity. Along the way, we ____39____ (strike) by breathtaking landscapes, tried new cuisines, and embraced the freedom of being on the open road. The laughter-filled conversations, and shared experiences made this journey a treasured memory that will forever hold a special place in our hearts.
In a world that often feels chaotic and uncertain, true friendship is a beam of light, _____40_____ (remind) us that we are never alone. It is a precious gift that should be nurtured and treasured, for it is through friendship that we find solace, support, and everlasting joy.
第四部分：写作(共五节，满分60分)
第一节 词汇运用(共10小题，每题1分，满分10分)
根据所给的汉语提示或者首写字母写出句子中所空缺的单词或短语。
41. This kind of disease was ________ (exception) at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42. The ________ (photograph) is someone who takes photos as a job or hobby. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. It is harder for people to drive in a________ (fog) weather. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. If you want to make greater progress, you have to learn more ________ (practice) skills (所给词的适当形式填空)
45. The girl was ________ (amaze) at entering the final contest that the result will be beyond expectation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46. You should ________(突出) your skills and achievement. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. Many________ (航空公司)now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save time.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48. The new drug might help save the lives of cancer ________(受害者). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
49. I was extremely inspired by the ________ (文雅的) way the words sounded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节 完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)请根据中文意思，用学过的短语完成句子。(主要考查教材同步知识点相关)
50. I promised not to ______________ (提及；谈到) the matter again. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
51. He ________________ (把……塞进) the newspaper ________________ his pocket and headed down the street. (根据汉语提示补全句子)
52. The beautiful scenery of the park ________________. (让我们惊叹不已) (根据汉语提示补全句子)
53. The man________________ (把....归功于)his success ______his family. (根据汉语提示补全句子)
54. The medical team ________________ (由……组成) 20 nurses and ten doctors was sent to the stricken area.(根据汉语提示补全句子)
第三节 课文默写(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)(从背诵段落中出题)
55. 食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。（主语从句）（汉译英）
56. 从车窗向外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。(汉译英)
57. 火车到站后，他们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，让他们惊叹不已。(Lake Louise)(汉译英)
58. 望着这美丽的风景，他们一致认为这是他们所经历过的中最棒的一次旅行。(汉译英)
59. 除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，旅程的亮点之一是能看到很多不同的生物。(汉译英)
第四节 书面表达(共2小题;满分40分)一、基础写作(满分15分)
60. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友John 寒假要来中国旅行，来信让你推荐旅行地点。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐旅行地点；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 注意事项。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二、 读后续写(满分25分)
61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
“Why are you in such a hurry, early bird ” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum”, Peter said, “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them.”
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently.
“The second word: literature,” Mr. White said.
“So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down.
Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I am to mark(评分) your papers now,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!”
Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter’s was an English-Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. “This is my happiest moment”, Peter thought.
After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word “literature” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. “L-I-T-E-R-A-T-R-U-E”, he whispered. He spelled it wrong.
Paragraph 1. “What should I do ” Peter said to himself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2. Slowly, Peter raised his hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________梅雁中学2023-2024学年第一学期12月月考 试卷类型 A
高 二 英 语
(满分130分，考试用时120分钟)
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共10小题;毎小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列3篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York. When you arrive at one of them, you can take buses or taxis to any place in New York. Eating Out There are many kinds of food in New York and you needn’t eat at McDonalds every day. There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown, for example.
Hotels There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is The Plaza on Fifth Avenue but you don’t have to pay a lot to stay in the city. There are also lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA near Central Park is great for the young people. Public Transport In New York, there’s a good bus and subway service. If you are planning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for the journey because it’s cheaper. But you don’t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, such as the Empire State Building, Fifth Avenue and Central Park. The New York taxis are a part of the city experience, so you should take at least one taxi during your visit!
Places to See Finally, there are a lot of places to see in New York-Times Square, the Statue of Liberty. And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city. Shopping Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on Fifth Avenue. They are open seven days a week. But be careful when you look at the prices, because you have to pay a special 8% tax (税) on everything you buy in New York.
1. “The Plaza” is the name of ________ in the passage.
A. a hotel B. a restaurant C. a park D. a McDonald shop
2. How much do you have to pay if you buy a book of 20 in the New York
A. $20.16 B. $21.6 C. $20 D. $28
3. What can we learn about traveling in New York from the passage
A. You can only take buses at airport.
B. You must stay in the best hotel.
C. You had better climb the Statue of Liberty.
D. You have to be disappointed by shopping.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。本文详细地介绍了去纽约观光须知，使游客一目了然。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hotels部分中“There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is The Plaza on 5th Avenue (纽约有很多好酒店。最好的是第五大道的The Plaza)”可知，The Plaza是最好的酒店，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shopping部分中“But be careful when you look at the prices; you have to pay a special 8% tax (税) on everything you buy in New York. (但是当你看价格的时候要小心；你在纽约买任何东西都要付8%的特别税。)”可知，在纽约买任何东西都要付8%的特别税，可知20+20*8%=21.6。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Places to See部分中“And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city. (你不应该不爬上自由女神像欣赏城市的风景就回家)”可知，游客最好爬上自由女神像欣赏一下纽约的风光，故选C。
B
“I wish I didn’t have to go to school, Grandpa." complained Alex, throwing his bag on the ground and sitting m the bench beside him. "It's such a waste of time. I’d much prefer to be out working. I could be earning money already If started working now at a restaurant like Big Chicken, I’d be earing good wages as well as good tips and I’d be able to travel and see the world like you did!"
Grandpa smiled across at Alex and looked at him a moment. “It reminds me of a story I once heard-an old tale from China.”
"Long ago in China, there was a kite. Although it rose higher than all the other kites, it longed to go higher. It saw the clouds and the birds way above and hated not being able to go up there. In fact it scolded the string for holding it back. The string was not happy with this situation and thought it was unfair."
"One day, the wind was particularly strong. The kite went up rapidly as the string was let out quickly. “Aw, not again, string!" yelled the kite to the string. 'Stop holding me back! Let me go higher this time! Let go of me!" The string let go and dropped towards the earth, no longer pulled up by the kite. Without the tension of the string holding it, the kite dropped quite quickly down. The kite was badly injured. Do you see the lesson in this for your situation "
”YES! Thanks Grandpa! I understand now." exclaimed Alex. "What the story is actually saying is that sometimes you need constraint in order to reach your potential. Sometimes it's the things you think are holding you back that are actually mostly responsible for your growth. The string is to finish school and the kite is my future potential being realized. And the wind is my education lifting me higher and higher."
Grandpa smiled back. "Exactly, Alex. Well done. I am proud of you, young man.
4. What do we know about Alex
A. He couldn't fit in with his classmates.
B. He behaved badly at school.
C. He desired to do what he wanted to do.
D. He wanted to earn money to support his family.
5. In the old tale, why did the string show dissatisfaction to the kite
A. Because both of them dropped towards the earth.
B. Because the kite blamed the string for holding it back.
C. Because the string hated not being able to go higher.
D. Because the kite could see the clouds and the blue sky.
6. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The kite and The String B. The Grandpa and The Grandson
C. Making yourself a good kite D. A Story full of fun
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章中Alex的爷爷通过风筝与线的故事告诉Alex有时候需要限制才能发挥自己的潜力。有时候，正是那些自己认为是阻碍的事情，实际上才是成长的主要原因。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段““I wish I didn’t have to go to school, Grandpa."（“我希望我不用去上学，爷爷。”）”和“"It's such a waste of time. I’d much prefer to be out working. I could be earning money already If started working now at a restaurant like Big Chicken, I’d be earing good wages as well as good tips and I’d be able to travel and see the world like you did!"（“这太浪费时间了。我更喜欢出去工作。如果现在开始在像Big Chicken这样的餐馆工作，我的工资和小费都很高，而且我还能像你一样去周游世界。”）”可推知，他渴望做他想做的事。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In fact it scolded the string for holding it back. The string was not happy with this situation and thought it was unfair.（事实上，它责怪绳子拖了它的后腿。绳子对此很不高兴，认为这是不公平的。）”可知，在那个古老的传说中，风筝之所以对风筝表现出不满，是因为风筝责怪风筝的线拖着它。故选B。
6题详解】
主旨大意题。文章中Alex的爷爷通过风筝与线的故事告诉Alex有时候需要限制才能发挥自己的潜力。有时候，正是那些自己认为是阻碍的事情，实际上才是成长的主要原因。“风筝和风筝线”最适合作文章标题，故选A。
C
Nature has provided us with many kinds of resources. It is like a great magician(魔术师), creating wonders on Earth. One of them is the Amazon rainforest, the world’s largest and home to millions of plants and animals. Nicknamed”the lungs of our planet”, it produces about one-fifth of Earth’s oxygen. However, this wonderful natural wonder is now in danger.
Thousands of fires have broken out in Brazil, endangering much of the rainforest. These flames have lasted several weeks and are believed to be the”most intense”in almost ten years, according to BBC News.
The Amazon has seen a large number of fires in 2019. Between January and August, there were over 74,000 fires – the highest number since 2013, the BBC reported.
Forest fires are common during the dry season, which runs from July to October. They are usually caused by natural events like lightning. However, most of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture(农业) to clean land, reported CNN.
“It’s the best time to burn because the plants are dry. Farmers wait for the dry season and they start burning and clearing the areas so that their cattle can have grass,”wrote CNN meteorologist Haley Brink.
The disaster has raised concern(关注) around the world. The Amazon rainforest is important for preventing climate change, said the BBC, absorbing millions of tons of carbon annually. When trees are cut down or burned, the rainforest’s ability to absorb carbon is reduced.
Brazilian climate expert Carlos Nobre told Reuters he’s worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is destroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a”tipping point (临界点)”, where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah(大草原).
Nobre warned that it is not far off, with between 15 and 17 percent of the rainforest having already been destroyed.
The Brazilian government has sent soldiers to fight the fires. Many people have offered their support and called for recovery efforts. For example, Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said he wanted to donate money and US Actor Leonardo DiCaprio’s environmental charity, Earth Alliance, created a donation fund to help deal with the disaster.
The public are also encouraged to donate to charities concerned with rainforest protection. “Every little bit helps in a bad situation like this,”commented Gizmodo.
7. The underlined word”intense”probably means ______.
A. natural B. terrible C. common D. unexpected
8. What is the main cause of forest fires in the Amazon rainforest this year
A. Lightning. B. Hot weather.
C. Agricultural activities. D. Garbage left by tourists.
9. What was Nobre worried about in the article
A. Global temperatures will rise.
B. The Amazon rainforest is close to disappearing.
C. Animals in the Amazon rainforest are under threat.
D. It will take tens of years for the Amazon rainforest to recover.
10 What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A. Efforts made to save the Amazon rainforest.
B. The possible future of the Amazon rainforest.
C. What the Brazilian government has done to fight fires.
D. Celebrities(名人) who care about rainforest protection.
【答案】7 B 8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。亚马孙雨林是大自然这个魔术师在地球上创造的奇迹，但由于雷电引发的大火、农户为了开拓种植土地而放的火，使雨林遭受破坏，濒临毁灭。巴西政府和许多人已经开始为修复雨林做一些工作。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。画线词前的并列句是These flames have lasted several weeks…，这些大火已经持续了几周了，说明火势的凶险，画线词的主语也是These flames，画线词是来形容这些大火的，选项B：可怕的，切题，故选B。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第四段中的However, most of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture(农业) to clean land, reported CNN.然而，据美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）报道，今年大部分的火灾都是由农民引起的，他们利用火作为传统的热带农业方式来清理土地。选项C：农业活动，切题，故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。第七段中的Brazilian climate expert Carlos Nobre told Reuters he’s worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is destroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a tipping point (临界点), where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah(大草原).Nobre指出如果多于20%的生态系统遭到破坏，亚马孙可能会达到一个临界点。此后，森林会向热带草原转变。第八段中的Nobre warned that it is not far off, with between 15 and 17 percent of the rainforest having already been destroyed.目前已经有15%到17%的雨林被摧毁。所以离Nobre所说的后果已经不远了，选项B：亚马孙雨林接近消失，切题，故选B。
【10题详解】
段落大意题。最后两段中的The Brazilian government has sent soldiers to fight the fires. Many people have offered their support and called for recovery efforts.巴西政府已派遣士兵灭火。许多人已经提供支持，并呼吁努力修复雨林。还有The public are also encouraged to donate to charities concerned with rainforest protection.鼓励公众向有关雨林保护慈善机构捐款。选项A：做出的努力来拯救亚马孙雨林。选项A切题，故选A。
【点睛】阅读理解题中的词义猜测题除了根据上下文中的同义词、近义词、反义词和相关解释进行猜测外，还可以根据句中描写的对象，再根据语境来进行猜测。第1小题要猜测的词intense是来形容大火的，上文写到大火烧了几周了，足见火势凶猛，选项中只有terrible符合语境意义，选定答案。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to do basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. ____11____.
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. ____12____. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.
____13____, if a person is in a state similar to sleep. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.
Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. ____14____. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.
Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. ____15____.
A. Instead, try to cool him
B. You must stay calm
C. Perform first aid immediately
D. Check for breath
E. Here are some tips for first aid
F. It is important to take the correct chest compressions
G. In the center of the chest, put your two hands together first
【答案】11. E 12. B 13. D 14. G 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何进行基本的急救。
【11题详解】
上文“Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies.(基本急救是指对因窒息、心脏病发作、药物或其他医疗紧急情况而受伤或生病的人提供的临时帮助)”解释了什么是急救，下文是具体的急救方法，故E项“这里有一些急救技巧”承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【12题详解】
根据上文“Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. (照顾刚刚遭受严重伤害的人，包括身体治疗和情感支持)”和下文“Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.(让那个人知道帮助就在路上，一切都会好起来的。你也可以问他们的名字，如果他们知道发生了什么事，然后问他们的兴趣)”可知，要给予患者身体治疗和情感支持，安抚他们，所以你要冷静应对，B项“你必须保持冷静”符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
根据空后“You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face.(你最好听空气进出的声音，用你的脸去感受空气)”可知，本段是关于检查呼吸，D项“检查呼吸”适合为本段主题句，故选D。
【14题详解】
上文“Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR.(作为心肺复苏术的一部分，进行30次胸外按压和2次人工呼吸)”提到要进行胸外按压，结合下文“And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.(然后以每分钟100次的速度将胸部向下按压约2英寸)”可知，空处是进行胸外按压的第一步，G项“在胸部中央，先把你的双手放在一起”符合语境，故选G。
【15题详解】
上文“However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm.(然而，如果有人中暑，不要给他盖上衣服或给他保暖)”提到，如果有人中暑不要给他盖上衣服，空处应是接着说应该怎么做，A项“相反，试着让他凉快下来”符合语境，故选A。
第二卷
第三部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada’s Arctic. When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and ___16___.
But when I first met the group members, I knew I didn’t have anything to ___17___. The group was amazingly ___18___ and I was soon part of a big family boarding on an amazing ___19___!
Approaching the Arctic, I was repeatedly ___20___ with its unusual largeness and its beauty. There I flew over vast glaciers (冰河) and stood on the frozen Arctic Ocean, ___21___ polar bears walk in search of seal holes, and ___22___ wait for a meal.
However, I also learned the pollutants carried by ocean from far away have a negative ___23___ on all Arctic inhabitants. And global warming has put polar bears at ___24___ because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time to ___25___ seals on the ice.
During the journey, I talked with some ___26___ scientists about the ruins of homes once ___27___ by the ancient Thule people. I made good friends with people from different parts of world.
The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty which ___28___ to be preserved. I’ve learned why it is so important to ___29___ it. This journey has made me more determined to try to ___30___ that I do not leave negative or harmful footprints on either Earth or its people.
16.
A. relief B. anxiety C. pride D. argument
17.
A. put up B. prepare for C. give up D. worry about
18.
A. easy-going B. well-behaved C. sensitive D. flexible
19.
A. failure B. performance C. adventure D. conflict
20.
A. embarrassed B. ashamed C. amused D. shocked
21.
A. watching B. organizing C. noticing D. guessing
22.
A. painfully B. patiently C. unconsciously D. doubtfully
23.
A. source B. reaction C. effect D. development
24.
A. rest B. ease C. peace D. risk
25.
A. hunt B. explore C. help D. meet
26
A. demanding B. learned C. modest D. rigid
27.
A. classified B. decorated C. confused D. occupied
28.
A. promises B. benefits C. deserves D. intends
29.
A. take care of B. make use of C. run out of D. became tired of
30.
A. deny B. ensure C. argue D. overlook
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去年夏天去北极，看到了北极美丽的景色和动物，也明白了保护北极环境的重要性。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我被不确定和焦虑所笼罩。A. relief安慰；B. anxiety焦虑；C. pride骄傲；D. argument争论。根据上文“When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and”可知，作者离开时感到不确定和焦虑。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是当我第一次见到小组成员时，我知道我没有什么可担心的。A. put up举起；B. prepare for准备；C. give up放弃；D. worry about担心。根据后文“I was soon part of a big family”可知，作者很快融入了团队，所以是没有什么可担心的。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个团队非常随和，我很快就成为了一个大家庭的一员，开始了一场惊人的冒险！A. easy-going随和的；B. well-behaved行为端正的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后文“I was soon part of a big family”作者能很快融入，说明团队很随和。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个团队非常随和，我很快就成为了一个大家庭的一员，开始了一场惊人的冒险！A. failure失败；B. performance演出；C. adventure冒险；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada’s Arctic.(去年夏天，我踏上了去加拿大北极的旅程)”可知，此处指去北极的冒险。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走近北极的时候，不断地被它的广大和美丽所震撼。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文“with its unusual largeness and its beauty”可知，作者被北极的广大和美丽所震撼。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我飞过巨大的冰川，站在冰冻的北冰洋上，看着北极熊寻找海豹洞，耐心地等待一顿饭。A. watching观看；B. organizing组织；C. noticing注意到；D. guessing猜测。根据后文“polar bears walk in search of seal holes”可知，作者看到了北极熊寻找海豹洞，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我飞过巨大的冰川，站在冰冻的北冰洋上，看着北极熊寻找海豹洞，耐心地等待一顿饭。A. painfully痛苦地；B. patiently耐心地；C. unconsciously无意识地；D. doubtfully怀疑地。根据后文“wait for a meal”可知，北极熊耐心等待自己的猎物。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我也了解到海洋从远方带来的污染物对所有北极居民都有负面影响。A. source来源；B. reaction反应；C. effect影响；D. development发展。根据上文“the pollutants carried by ocean from far away have a negative”指污染物对北极居民有负面影响，have a negative effect on表示“对……有负面影响”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球变暖使北极熊处于危险之中，因为气候变暖意味着它们在冰上捕猎海豹的时间变短了。A. rest休息；B. ease自在；C. peace和平；D. risk风险。后文“they have a shorter time”提到北极熊捕猎时间变短，可知全球变暖使北极熊处于危险之中，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：全球变暖使北极熊处于危险之中，因为气候变暖意味着它们在冰上捕猎海豹的时间变短了。A. hunt打猎；B. explore探索；C. help帮助；D. meet遇见。根据后文“seals on the ice”指北极熊狩猎海豹为食。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，我和一些博学的科学家谈论了古代图勒人曾经居住过的房屋废墟。A. demanding要求高的；B. learned博学的；C. modest谦虚的；D. rigid死板的。根据后文“ancient Thule people”可知，他们谈论古人，可见很博学。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，我和一些博学的科学家谈论了古代图勒人曾经居住过的房屋废墟。A. classified分类；B. decorated装饰；C. confused使困惑；D. occupied占据。根据上文“the ruins of homes once”可知，这些房屋曾经是古人所占有的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：北极是一片令人难以置信的美丽土地，值得保护。A. promises承诺；B. benefits获益；C. deserves值得；D. intends打算。根据上文“The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty which”可知，北极很美丽，值得人们保护。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我明白了为什么照顾它是如此重要。A. take care of照顾；B. make use of利用；C. run out of用完；D. became tired of厌倦。呼应上文“to be preserved”指保护和照顾北极很重要。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行使我更加坚定决心，努力确保我不会给地球或地球上的人们留下负面或有害的足迹。A. deny否认；B. ensure确保；C. argue争论；D. overlook忽视。根据后文“that I do not leave negative or harmful footprints on either Earth or its people”可知，作者有了环保意识，努力确保不会给地球或地球上的人们留下负面或有害的足迹。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friendship is a precious bond that enriches our lives in ____31____ (count) ways. True friends are like shining gems, offering support, love, and understanding. They are the ones with ____32____ we go through thick and thin, providing a sense of ____33____(belong) and comfort. Friendship is a source of laughter, shared memories, and endless ____34____(adventure). ____35____ it’s late-night conversations or impromptu (即兴的) trips, every moment ____36____ (spend) with a friend becomes a cherished memory. I remember ____37____ time when my friend and I decided to go on a road trip.____38____ no specific destination in mind, we set off on an unforgettable adventure, fueled by excitement and curiosity. Along the way, we ____39____ (strike) by breathtaking landscapes, tried new cuisines, and embraced the freedom of being on the open road. The laughter-filled conversations, and shared experiences made this journey a treasured memory that will forever hold a special place in our hearts.
In a world that often feels chaotic and uncertain, true friendship is a beam of light, _____40_____ (remind) us that we are never alone. It is a precious gift that should be nurtured and treasured, for it is through friendship that we find solace, support, and everlasting joy.
【答案】31. countless
32. whom 33. belonging
34. adventures
35. Whether
36. spent 37. a
38. With 39. were stuck##were stricken
40. reminding
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了友谊对生活的重要性，以及真正的朋友能够提供的支持和理解。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：友谊是一种珍贵的纽带，它以无数的方式丰富了我们的生活。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，意为“无数的”，应用形容词countless，修饰空后的名词“ways”。故填countless。
【32题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们是我们同甘共苦的人，给我们一种归属感和舒适感。此处是限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the ones”，指人，关系词在定语从句中担当介词“with”后的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们是我们同甘共苦的人，给我们一种归属感和舒适感。此处作介词的宾语，应用名词形式。故填belonging。
【34题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：友谊是欢笑、共同回忆和无尽冒险的源泉。因前面的memories为复数，所以在and并列结构下，adventure也要变成复数。故填adventures。
【35题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：无论是深夜的谈话还是即兴的旅行，和朋友在一起的每一刻都是珍贵的回忆。表示“无论……”句型为whether…or…；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是深夜的谈话还是即兴的旅行，和朋友在一起的每一刻都是珍贵的回忆。分析句子结构可知spend应用非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“moment”之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填spent。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我记得有一次我和我的朋友决定去自驾游。名词time意为“一次”时，为可数名词，其前用不定冠词修饰，time是发音以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：心中没有明确的目的地，我们在兴奋和好奇的驱使下，开始了一场难忘的冒险。根据句意可知，空处为介词，表示“有……”，引导伴随状语，用with；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填With。
39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：一路上，我们被令人惊叹的风景所吸引，尝试了新的美食，并拥抱了在开阔道路上的自由。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“tried new cuisines, and embraced the freedom of being on the open road.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“we”，复数，和动词“strike”之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。故填were stuck或were stricken。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个经常感到混乱和不确定的世界里，真正的友谊是一束光，提醒我们永远不会孤单。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，且remind和主句主语“true friendship”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填reminding。
第四部分：写作(共五节，满分60分)
第一节 词汇运用(共10小题，每题1分，满分10分)
根据所给的汉语提示或者首写字母写出句子中所空缺的单词或短语。
41. This kind of disease was ________ (exception) at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exceptional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这种病在当时是罕见的。作表语，表示“罕见的”应用形容词exceptional。故填exceptional。
42. The ________ (photograph) is someone who takes photos as a job or hobby. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】photographer
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：摄影师是指把拍照作为一种工作或爱好的人。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词photographer“摄影师”，结合空后的is可知，应用名词单数形式，作主语。故填photographer。
43. It is harder for people to drive in a________ (fog) weather. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】foggy
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们在大雾天气开车比较困难。修饰名词weather应用形容词foggy，作定语。故填foggy。
44. If you want to make greater progress, you have to learn more ________ (practice) skills (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】practical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你想取得更大的进步，你必须学习更多的实用技能。根据句意，空处应填形容词与more构成比较级，在句中作定语修饰名词skills，practice的形容词形式为practical“实用的”。故填practical。
45. The girl was ________ (amaze) at entering the final contest that the result will be beyond expectation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】amazed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：女孩在进入决赛时感到惊讶，结果出乎意料。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，此处是固定搭配：be amazed at意为“对……感到惊讶”。故填amazed。
46. You should ________(突出) your skills and achievement. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】highlight
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你应该突出你的技能和成就。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词highlight，情态动词后接动词原形。故填highlight。
47. Many________ (航空公司)now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save time.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】airlines
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：许多航空公司现在允许乘客在线打印登机牌以节省时间。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为airline。设空处在句中作主语，空前为many，设空处应用名词复数的形式，故填airlines。
48. The new drug might help save the lives of cancer ________(受害者). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】victims
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这种新药可能有助于挽救癌症患者的生命。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应填写名词victim，表示“受害者”，即癌症患者，victim是可数名词，空处应用名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填victims。
49. I was extremely inspired by the ________ (文雅的) way the words sounded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】elegant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些词的优美发音给了我极大的启发。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词elegant，修饰名词way，作定语。故填elegant。
第二节 完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)请根据中文意思，用学过的短语完成句子。(主要考查教材同步知识点相关)
50. I promised not to ______________ (提及；谈到) the matter again. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】refer to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我答应不再提及此事。表示“提及；谈到”应用短语refer to。由空前的promised not to可知，to是不定式，此处应用动词原形。故填refer to。
51. He ________________ (把……塞进) the newspaper ________________ his pocket and headed down the street. (根据汉语提示补全句子)
【答案】 ①. stuffed ②. into
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他把报纸塞进口袋，沿街走去。根据汉语提示可知短语为stuff sth. into，结合后文headed可知句子时态为一般过去时。故填①stuffed；②into。
52. The beautiful scenery of the park ________________. (让我们惊叹不已) (根据汉语提示补全句子)
【答案】took our breath away
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：公园的美景使我们惊叹不已。根据汉语提示可知短语为take one’s breath away，结合语境动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时。故填took our breath away。
53. The man________________ (把....归功于)his success ______his family. (根据汉语提示补全句子)
【答案】 ①. owes##owed ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这个人把他的成功归功于他的家庭。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填谓语动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是固定搭配：owe...to...意为“把...归功于”，此处既可以理解为客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the man是第三人称单数，也可以理解为已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填①owes或者owed，②to。
54. The medical team ________________ (由……组成) 20 nurses and ten doctors was sent to the stricken area.(根据汉语提示补全句子)
【答案】consisting of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。句意：由20名护士和10名医生组成的医疗队被派往受灾地区。根据汉语提示“由……组成”可知，此处使用固定短语consist of。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语was sent，因此设空处为非谓语；consist和其逻辑主语The medical team之间为主动关系，因此应当填现在分词consisting of，作定语。故填consisting of。
第三节 课文默写(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)(从背诵段落中出题)
55. 食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。（主语从句）（汉译英）
【答案】The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us .
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态和主语从句。分析句子可知，本句为but连接的两个句子，前后句子都在陈述过去发生的事情，所以都为一般过去时，but之前的句子为主系表结构，主语为the food，was为系动词，wonderful and different“妙不可言，与众不同”为表语，but之后，“更为重要的是”表达为what was even more important，作为主语，what引导主语从句；the friendship“友谊”为表语，offered us“提供给我们的”为过去分词作后置定语。故翻译为：The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.
【点睛】
56. 从车窗向外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。(汉译英)
【答案】Seen from the train window, the majestic mountains and vast forests of Canada came into view.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词，形容词和动词短语。根据所给中文提示词，“加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底”作本句主体，“加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林”作主语，其中“巍峨的”以及“辽阔的”为定语，译为“majestic”以及“vast”，所以译为“the majestic mountains and vast forests of Canada”，“尽收眼底”可用固定短语搭配：come into view，此处描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“came into view”，“从车窗向外望去”，译为“see from the train window”，本句已有谓语动词，所以see需用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语(即句子主语)the majestic mountains and vast forests of Canada之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式seen，译为“seen from the train window”。故译为：Seen from the train window, the majestic mountains and vast forests of Canada came into view.
57. 火车到站后，他们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，让他们惊叹不已。(Lake Louise)(汉译英)
【答案】When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise where the blue water took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和状语从句。描述过去的一次性动作，可用一般过去时。“火车到站后”可用when引导时间状语从句表示，位于句首首字母大写，“火车”the train在从句中作主语，“到达(小地点)”arrive at作谓语，arrive要用过去式arrived ，“车站”用the station表示，“他们”they作主句中主语，“乘坐出租车前往”用take a taxi to表示，take要用过去式took，“路易斯湖”用Lake Louise表示，后面用where引导定语从句修饰先行词Lake Louise，在从句中作状语，表示“在那里”，“湛蓝的湖水”用the blue water表示，在定语从句中作主语，“让他们惊叹不已”用take their breath away表示，take用过去式took，“美丽异常”用its exceptional beauty表示，its表示the blue water’s，前面加介词with，表示“凭借”。故翻译为When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise where the blue water took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
58. 望着这美丽的风景，他们一致认为这是他们所经历过的中最棒的一次旅行。(汉译英)
【答案】Looking at the beautiful scenery, they agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。表示“望着这美丽的风景”可处理为分词作状语，look at“看着”和逻辑主语“他们”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词；表示“一致认为”为agree，“这是他们所经历过的中最棒的一次旅行”可处理为宾语从句作agree的宾语，翻译为it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken，“they had ever taken”为省略了that引导的定语从句。为一般过去时。故翻译为Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
59. 除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，旅程的亮点之一是能看到很多不同的生物。(汉译英)
【答案】In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of the trip was being able to see many different creatures.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、形容词、介词短语和名词。描述过去的一次性动作，应用一般过去的。“除了”可译为in addition to，位于句首，首字母大写，“欣赏”可译为see，放在介词to后用动名词形式作宾语，“壮丽的”可译为spectacular，“山峰和森林”可译为mountain peaks and forests，“旅程的亮点之一”可译为 one highlight of the trip，在句中作主语，“是”应用系动词be的一般过去时单数形式was，“能看到”可译为be able to see，be用动名词形式作表语，“很多”可译为many，“不同的”可译为different，“生物”可译为creature，前面有many修饰，用复数creatures。故翻译为In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of the trip was being able to see many different creatures。
第四节 书面表达(共2小题;满分40分)一、基础写作(满分15分)
60. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友John 寒假要来中国旅行，来信让你推荐旅行地点。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐旅行地点；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 注意事项。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m happy to receive your letter and know that you’re coming to China. I’m writing to express my welcome and recommend some places of interest in China to you.
Personally, I think your first stop should be Beijing where there are various tourist attractions. For example, the Great Wall, which is like a huge dragon across North China, is a world-famous scenery spot. Moreover, the Forbidden City is also a good choice. Being declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, the Forbidden City is one of the largest and best preserved ancient wooden buildings in the world.
Enjoy your trip in China and feel free to contact me if you have any problem.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友写一封推荐信，推荐旅行地点，陈述推荐的理由，并告知注意事项。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
收到你的来信：receive your letter→hear from you
与某人取得联系：contact sb.→get in touch with sb.
就我个人而言：personally→as far as I’m concerned
巨大的：huge→giant
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Being declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, the Forbidden City is one of the largest and best preserved ancient wooden buildings in the world.
拓展句：The Forbidden City, which was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, is one of the largest and best preserved ancient wooden buildings in the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, the Great Wall, which is like a huge dragon across North China, is a world-famous scenery spot.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Enjoy your trip in China and feel free to contact me if you have any problem.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
二、 读后续写(满分25分)
61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
“Why are you in such a hurry, early bird ” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum”, Peter said, “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them.”
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently.
“The second word: literature,” Mr. White said.
“So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down.
Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I am to mark(评分) your papers now,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!”
Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter’s was an English-Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. “This is my happiest moment”, Peter thought.
After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word “literature” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. “L-I-T-E-R-A-T-R-U-E”, he whispered. He spelled it wrong.
Paragraph 1. “What should I do ” Peter said to himself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2. Slowly, Peter raised his hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 “What should I do ” Peter said to himself. “I expect my classmates to think I’m a master in spelling. If I tell Mr. White one of my spelling words is wrong, I’ll have to give my prize back, or I will become an example for telling a lie”. Staring at the red sign “100%” which was written at his test paper, Peter was lost in thought. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, “We ought to be an honest person.”
Slowly, Peter raised his hand. “Mr. White, I didn’t get 100 percent on the test.” He stood up and handed his teacher the dictionary he liked best and his test paper. Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. Mr. White held up Peter’s test paper. “Class,” he said, “Peter did something even more important than spelling every word correctly on a test.” Mr. White smiled at Peter. “He taught us all a lesson on being honest.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Peter认真准备了老师要进行的单词拼写测试，并如愿以偿地获得老师的奖励，但是，后来核实自己的试卷时，却发现自己犯了一个错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘我应该怎么办？’Peter自言自语。”可知，第一段可描写Peter在内心挣扎后，在沉默和诚实之间选择了诚实。
②由第二段首句内容“Peter缓缓地举起了手。”可知，第二段可描写Peter告诉老师自己拼错了一个单词，得到老师的夸奖。
2.续写线索：
陷入沉思——想起妈妈的话——举手说出事实——同学们惊讶——老师夸奖Peter诚实
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想起：remember/recall
②举手：raise his hand/put his hand up
③把某物递给某人：hand sb sth/pass sb sth
情绪类
①惊讶：with surprise/with astonishment
②诚实的：honest/truthful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Staring at the red sign “100%” which was written at his test paper, Peter was lost in thought.（由关系代词which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk.（由从属连词as引导的时间状语从句）

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