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(共19张PPT)
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Period I Listening and Speaking
Step I 学习理解
Look at the pictures and discuss the following questions.
Look at the pictures and discuss the following questions.
To explore space, who will be sent to do some specific work in the universe
Can you name any famous astronauts from China or abroad
What do you want to know about them
Astronauts.
Yes. Yang Liwei, Neil Armstrong, Yuri Gagarin, ...
To know the selection procedure for astronauts or requirements for becoming an astronaut.
Before you listen, discuss the question in groups and predict the content of the interview.
Do you know anything about the selection procedure for astronauts Make
a list of the possible requirements
In America, preference for selecting astronauts was originally for test pilots or military pilots, because they were among the most elite pilots the nation had, and because they were in excellent physical shape. While it is no longer a requirement for astronauts to be pilots, generally they must be the very elite in their scientific fields and must still be in very good physical shape.
Listen to the interview and choose the best answers.
1. Which of the requirements are mentioned
Age.　　　　 B. Mental training.　　　
C. Eyesight. D. Height and weight.
E. Flight experience. F. Courses.
2. What’s the main idea of the interview
A. Yang Liwei’s experience in space.
B. Yang’s pilot training and flying experience.
C. How Yang Liwei succeeded in becoming China’s first astronaut.
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
1. The audience is curious about how Yang Liwei became the
first Chinese astronaut.
2. Mr Yang always believed that he would become an astronaut
one day.
3. Mr Yang was selected to attend pilot training with 13 other
people.
4. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1,350
hours of flying experience.
5. Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment,
but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training
Learn the strategy.
Listen for numbers
Number questions are typically related to: time, telephone numbers, addresses, prices, weights, distances, etc. When
you listen for numbers, you need to pay special attention to big numbers as well as those that sound quite similar, such as thirteen and thirty, fourteen and forty, etc.
Listen again and fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.
1. Yang Liwei graduated from college at the age of ______.
2. Before joining China’s space programme, Mr Yang trained
as a fighter pilot for about ______ years.
3. Mr Yang was one of the ______ pilots who were chosen to
train for space flights.
4. At the time when Mr Yang entered the space programme,
astronauts had to be shorter than ______ cm in height and
less than ______ kg in weight.
5. Mr Yang became China’s first astronaut when he was
______ years old.
22
10
14
172
70
38
Step II 应用实践
Listen to the interview again and make a list of the requirements for becoming an astronaut.
Education background:
Experience:
Health condition:
Courses:
Special training:
college degree, trained to be a fighter pilot
more than 1,000 hours of flight experience
must be in perfect health and shape
English, science, and astronomy
practise using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training
Work in groups. Discuss the following question.
Would you like to be an astronaut in the future Why or why not
Example
A: It’s not easy to be an astronaut. Do you want to work in space in the
future
B: Yeah. Being an astronaut is always my dream. /No, I think it might be
too difficult for me. There are so many requirements.
A: What are the requirements
B: You know, ...
A: So what might be the most difficult part for you
B: Actually..., because...
A: It sounds difficult, but nothing is impossible if you try hard.
Step III 迁移创新
Write a short passage to introduce how to become an astronaut.
Step IV 语音学习
One day, Isaac Newton sat
And saw an apple fall.
Then he thought, “It’s not just fruit!
Something pulls us all.”
“There is a force,” he said to himself,
“That pulls things to the ground,
Not only apples, but all of us
Stay still though Earth spins round.”
Of course, we know that this is true!
Earth goes round but we stay still.
What goes up must come down,
And it always will.
Gravity
Read the poem. Mark the stressed syllables with ○ and unstressed syllables with . Then try reading the poem to each other with rhythm.
Listen and repeat after the recording. Check whether your mark-ups are correct.
One day, Isaac Newton sat
And saw an apple fall.
Then he thought, “It’s not just fruit!
Something pulls us all.”
“There is a force,” he said to himself,
“That pulls things to the ground,
Not only apples, but all of us
Stay still though Earth spins round.”
Of course, we know that this is true!
Earth goes round but we stay still.
What goes up must come down,
And it always will.
Gravity
Summarise the use of sentence stress.
句子中的重音
在连贯的话语中，不可能所有的词都同样重要，必须有些词较为关键，有些词则相对次要一些。一般来说，关键词需要重读，这就是句子的重音，而其他词则不必重读。
通常情况下，英语句子中需要重读的词包括：名词（包括专有名词)、动词、形容词、大多数副词、数词、动词-ing形式、过去分词、双音节介词、特殊疑问词、指示代词等。不需要重读的词主要是冠词、代词、be动词、单音节介词、连词、助词、关系代词和关系副词等。
不过，在某些情形下，为了表达特定的意义，也需要重读。如人称代词作并列主语或宾语时需重读，句首的介词也需要重读，作主语或宾语的指示代词也需要重读。例如：
Carla invited ME to her party. (not YOU)
Carla invited me to HER party. (not YOUR party)
Summarise the use of sentence stress.
英语语言的节奏
英语语言的节奏以重音为基础，通过重读和非重读音节（stressed and unstressed sylables）有规律地交替出现形成，各个重读音节之间的时长大体相等。英语是一种“以重音计时”(stress-timed)的语言，它的节奏的基本倾向表现为各个重读音节之间的时距大体上相等。因此，在说话和朗读中，重音多的语句花时间长,重音少的语句花时间短，两个音节数不同的语句，只要重音数相同，念起来所花的时间就大致相等。因此，想要读出英文的节奏，就要在朗读时将每两个重读音节之间所有部分的时长保持大体一致，而不是每个英文单词的时长一样。英语的节奏在文学作品中体现较为充分，特别是诗歌作品。

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