资源简介

(共19张PPT)
外研必修
第三册
Unit 1
Period 3
Listening and speaking
1
2
To listen to the conversation and learn to take down notes correctly, learn to make requests and refusals.
To say no politely when facing with a real situation in your daily life.
教学目
Lead-in
What do you know about EQ and IQ
Which one is more important in your daily life
If one of your friends want to borrow something that you are not willing to share, how do you say “no” politely
Emotional quotient (EQ) , or emotional intelligence quotient, is a measurement of the ability to recognise one’s own and other people’s emotions. It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people’s lives. Being able to say no politely is one of the features of emotional intelligence.
Did you know
目标一：To listen to the conversation and learn to take down notes correctly, learn to make requests and refusals.
Activity 1: Listen to three conversations and match them to the pictures.
2 3 1
Activity 2: Listen again and complete the table.
Request Refusal
1 Tina has to leave her flat 1__________. She wants to stay at Kerry’s place. Kerry thinks that 2____________ is too long. Tina is welcome to stay for 3_____________.
2 Mike invites Ryan to 4__________________ on 5_________. Ryan cannot come, because he has to 6________________ to New York at the weekend.
3 Jane would like to see Becky’s 7__________ for some ideas. Becky refuses because she thinks it is better for Jane to 8________________________.
project
one month
a few days
come to his party
Saturday
prepare for the trip
next week
do her project by herself
Now talk about how the speakers make requests and refusals. Listen again if necessary.
Learning to learn
If you have to say no to a request, your refusal will sound more polite if you begin with a statement of regret, such as I’m sorry...,I’d really like to, but....Then explain why your answer is no, e.g. I’m really busy right now.If possible, suggest an alternative–How about next week
Make requests:
Conversation 1: Could I stay in your place for a while Conversation 2: I’ll have a party on Saturday You’ll come, won’t you Conversation 3: I was just wondering if you could let me see your project
Make refusals:Conversation 1:
I am afraid one month is too long.
I am sorry, but my room is just too small for two people.Conversation 2:
I’d like to, but I am visiting my cousin in New York on Monday, and I have to spend the weekend preparing for the trip.Conversation 3:
I am not sure...It would be better to do your project by yourself. I am sorry, Jane, it just doesn’t feel right.
【拓展】
requests asking someone to do something for you
asking if you can do something
refusals direct refusals
indirect refusals
vague refusals
asking someone to do something for you
Here are some common ways for making requests:Could/Can you open the door for me, please Would you mind opening the door for me, please May I ask you to open the door for me, please
asking someone if you can do something
Can / Could I use your computer, please Do you mind if I turn up the heating Would you mind if I turned up the heating
direct refusals
A: Can I borrow some money from you B: Sorry, you can’t.
indirect refusals
A: Do you want to join us to watch movies B: Yes, I’d like to, but I need to finish my homework today.
vague refusals
A: Can you lend me some money B: Err…. Well, it depends on my wife’s mood.
目标二: To say no politely when facing with a real situation in your daily life.
Activity 1: Work in pairs. Act out the conversation about asking for a favour and refusing politely.
Student AYou will go on a trip with your family for two weeks and you would like to ask Student B to take care of you pet cat. Explain to him / her: You’d like to send your pet cat to his / her flat to stay for 2 weeks. Your cat is well-behaved and won’t make any trouble. You will treat him / her to dinner when you come back.
Useful expressions
Have you got a minute
Hello...! Just the person I wanted to see.
Well, the thing is...
I was just wondering if you could...
I promise...
Oh, come on, please...
Student BStudent A would like you to do him / her a favour. You have to refuse politely. Explain to him / her: You don’t want your room to be messy. Your parents won’t allow it. You know another classmate who likes cats and maybe he / she would like to help.
Useful expressions
What’s up
Oh, you mean...
I’m afraid...
I’m sorry, but…
I think it would be better to...
But maybe...
Sample dialogue:A: Good morning,Tom! Have you got a minute B: Hi! Kate, what’s up A: Huh, I will go on a trip with my family for two weeks, but I can’t bring my pet cat together with us. I’m wondering if you could take care of it while we are away B: Yeah. Oh, you mean that I will be its owner I’m sorry, but I have never looked after any pets.A: Don’t worry! I promise my cat is well-behaved and won’t make any trouble.B: En, let me see! Maybe I have to ask my parents who won’t allow me to keep pet.
A: OK. I promise I will treat you to dinner after I come back. Just help me please. B: Well, I really want to help you. I know another classmate who likes cats and maybe he would like to help. I will contact him immediately.A: Really That’s really good. Thank you so much.B: You are welcome. I wish you have a nice trip with your family.
Activity 2: Work in pairs. Think of another situation and
have a similar conversation.
Can you list some ways to make requests and refusals (共19张PPT)
外研必修
第三册
Unit 1
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
To read a fable and interpret the message that the fable conveys
1
2
To read a fable and interpret the message that the fable conveys.
To write an essay and use examples to argue about the message.
To explain quotations about interpersonal relationships in your own words.
3
目标一：To read a fable and interpret the message that the fable conveys.
Activity 1: Read the title and look at the picture, predict what the fable is about.
It talks about the porcupine dilemma.
Activity 2: Read the fable and answer the questions.
1 What is a fable 2 What is the “Dilemma” mentioned in the story 3 What is the result of the story
1 A fable is a story which teaches a moral lesson. Fables sometimes have animals as the main characters.2 In this story, the “Dilemma” is about a group of porcupines gathering together to keep warm. If they get too close, their quills hurt each other. While if they move apart, they feel cold. 3 After trying several times, they find the ideal distance.
Activity 3: Read the fable and choose the message you think it conveys.
1. Porcupines are not social animals.2. The more independent you are, the better your life will be.3. There should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships.
目标二: To write an essay and use examples to argue about the message
Activity 1: Make notes based on the passage with your own opinions.
Introduction
Original author: _____________
Summary of the fable: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Schopenhauer
The fable is about a group of porcupines gathering together to keep warm. If they get too close, their quills hurt each other; while if they move apart, they feel cold. After trying several times, they find the ideal distance. The fable tells us that there should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships.
Main body
Viewpoint: ________________________________
Supporting examples in your real life: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We need boundaries with our friends.
Ma Jing is the first friend I made at senior high. At first, I thought since we were friends, she had to share the same ideas as mine. So I always followed her, wanted to know her opinion on everything and tried to persuade her when she had a different idea. Soon, we started quarrelling. "You're so annoying!” she shouted angrily after a quarrel. How could I become annoying I felt hurt and discussed it with another friend. Then I realised it was my problem. I had been getting too close to her and leaving her no room for herself. Since then, I have stopped following her so much and found our friendship repaired.
Conclusion
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We have to find the proper distance between us and our friends, dose enough to understand each other, far enough to respect each other.
Activity 2: Now write an essay. Use the expressions in the box to help you.
Useful expressions
— This fable describes…
— The fable teaches us that...
— One example of this from real life is...
— In conclusion, ...
Then polish your draft according to the checklist below.√ A perfect introduction of the fable, including the author and the message that the fable conveys. √ A well-founded passage structure, including real life examples that can convince others.√ Clear and concise sentences and expressions, including various forms of clauses.√ No errors in grammar, spelling and punctuation.
Activity 3: Share your essay with the class.
One Possible Version:
The Porcupine Dilemma is written by German philosopher Schopenhauer. The fable describes a group of porcupines gathering together to keep warm. If they get too close, their quills hurt each other, while if they move apart they feel cold. After trying several times, they find the ideal distance. The fable teaches us that there should be boundaries in interpersonal relationships.
Though it is an old fable, it casts a light on us even today. We all value friendship, but have you considered that we need boundaries with our friends One example from real life is like this. Once I thought friends should get close to each other, the closer the better. Ma Jing is the first friend I made at senior high. At first, I thought since we were friends, she had to share the same ideas as mine. So I always followed her, wanted to know her opinion on everything and tried to persuade her when she had a different idea. Soon, we started quarrelling. "You’re so annoying!" she shouted angrily after a quarrel.
How could I become annoying I felt hurt and discussed it with another friend. Then I realised it was my problem.I had been getting too close to her and leaving her no room for herself. Since then, I stopped following her so much and I found our friendship repaired. Now I have realised that friends need to have boundaries and respect each other, no matter how close we are.
In conclusion, in order to make our friendship last long, we have to find the proper distance between us and our friends, close enough to understand each other, far enough to respect each other.
目标三: To explain quotations about interpersonal relationships in your own words.
Activity 1: Work in groups. Read the quotations and discuss their meanings.
1.Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
Confucius
2.Good fences make good neighbours.
Proverb
3.The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and be understood.
Ralph G. Nichols
1 译文：己所不欲，勿施于人。（孔子）In our life there are too many things that we can’t control and unavoidably we will conflict with others in some aspects. If we can think more about others, there will be more harmony instead of conflict.2 译文：好篱笆造就好邻居。（谚语）This means that it is better for people to mind their own business and to respect the privacy of others. 3 译文：人类最基本的需要就是理解和被理解。（拉尔夫 尼科尔斯）It emphasizes the importance of understanding and being understood. Being understood is taking a look at a situation from another point of view.
Activity 2: Choose one quotation and discuss the following points.
its main message how it applies to everyday life, giving examples what we can learn from the quotation
Activity 3: Present your ideas to the class. Use the expressions in the box to help you.
Useful expressions
We have chosen to talk about the quotation...
The main message of this quotation is...
In daily life, ...
Another example is...
In conclusion, this quotation teaches us that...
One example:We have chosen to talk about the quotation “Good fences make good neighbours”. The main message of this quotation is as follows: It is wise to have a clear responsibility / boundary between neigbours.In daily life, for example, it is better for us to keep a certain distance between us and our friends.
1 How many parts are there in an essay 2 Can you list more quotations about interpersonal relationships (共33张PPT)
外研必修
第三册
Unit 1
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (I)
1
2
To describe what each person doing and what kind of person according to their behaviour and learn to behave in a polite way.
To comprehend the letters and learn how to ask for help and offer suggestions.
目标一：To describe what each person doing and what kind of person according to their behaviour and learn to behave in a polite way.
Activity 1: Look at the picture and describe what each person is doing. Talk about what kind of person they might be.
① He is sitting alone. He looks disappointed. He may be a quiet person.② He is eager to eat food. He may be hungry. It seems that he loves eating.③ He is quarrelling with another guy. He looks angry. He may be short-tempered.④ He is talking with some people excitedly. He looks delighted.
He may be friendly.⑤ She is offering cakes to a guy happily. She looks hospitable.
She may be a kind girl.⑥ She has broken a cup. She looks frightened. She may be a careless girl.
Activity 2: Watch the video and answer the questions.
1.What do the three conversations have in common
2.What would you do in similar situations
They are all about impolite behaviours in daily life.
In the first situation, I would thank the boy for his help without complaining.In the second situation, I would listen to the friend patiently without interrupting.In the third situation, I would thank the girl sincerely without asking how much it is.
目标二: To comprehend the letters and learn how to ask for help and offer suggestions.
Activity 1: Look through P 2~3, find out the words which are essential for your reading, read them in pairs. Then read together as a whole and share their usage.
agony, agony aunt, help out, let down, steam, let off steam, loose, lip, sink, loose lips sink ships, fault, resolve, strategy, signal, breath, take a breath, pull one’s weight, concern
Activity 2: Look at the problems you may face at school. Discuss which you think is the most difficult to overcome and why.
bad performance in a subject pressure to look good conflicts with classmates difficulties fitting in with others …
Now think about who you turn to for help when you face a problem. friends parents teachers online forums no one–you prefer to keep things to yourself other __________
Activity 3: Look at the title and the picture. Think about the following questions.
1. What is the relationship between the two letters 2. How do you understand the title
Asking for help and offering suggestions.
An Agony Aunt is a British advice columnist who gives advice to people who send in personal problems to the advice column of a newspaper or a magazine. The image presented was originally of an older woman offering comforting advice.
Activity 4: Read the letters and find out what kind of problems Ben has and who he turns to for help.
Ben believed one of his teammates let down the whole team and told it to his best friend. But then his friend told everyone else what Ben had said. Now Ben is at a loss for what to do, and he turns to Agony Aunt for help.
Activity 5: Choose the best summary of the letters.
1.Ben said something bad about his best friend, and Agony Aunt told him to apologize to his friend.2.Ben was angry that his team was let down by some members, and Agony Aunt told him to take it easy.3.Ben didn’t play well in the match, and Agony Aunt advised him to apologize to his teammate.4.Ben was in an awkward situation, and Agony Aunt gave him suggestions as to how to deal with his problems.

Activity 6: Complete the sentences with expressions from the passage.
Ben’s problems
I was disappointed with my teammate because I felt
1. ____________________ by him.
I told my best friend that my teammate was to blame, just
2. _______________.
the team were let down
to let off steam
My best friend 3. ___________________________________.
I don’t know what to do.
went and told everyone else what I’d said
Aunt Agony’s suggestions
You should 4. ________________________. You need to work together, and that means 5._________________________________ and 6.___________________.
Tell your best friend you’re angry with him for 7._____________________ and 8.__________________________, but that you want to move on.
Don’t 9. _____________ when you’re angry. Always remember:
10. ___________________.
apologise to your teammate
communicating with each other clearly
resolving conflicts
repeating what you said
making the situation worse
say too much
think first, speak later
Now match the suggestions to Ben’s problems.
Problem 1 Suggestion 1
Problem 2 Suggestion 2
Problem 3 Suggestion 3
Activity 7: Think & Share
1.What do you think of Agony Aunt’s advice
Students’ own answers.
What other advice would you give to Ben
If you feel awkward to communicate in person, you can write a letter.
Next time do think before you speak though it’s your best friend.
Why not hold a party for his teammates to create a relaxing atmosphere and express his gratitude to play basketball with them.
2.What's your understanding of the saying “Loose lips sink ships”
You may regret saying things without thinking clearly.
Talking too much sometimes may cause a very bad result.
Unguarded talk may give useful information to the enemy.
Do you know any similar sayings in Chinese
言多必失 Talks much errs much.
祸从口出 Careless talk leads to trouble.
外研必修
第三册
Unit 1
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (II)
Activity 8: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
【长难句分析】1 I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.
本句是主从复合句。主句中含有并列表语crazy about basketball和pretty good at it；which... last match为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子；其中非限制性定语从句本身为主从复合句，其中why I was so mad when we lost our last match是表语从句，在why引导的从句中when we lost our last match是时间状语从句。　[翻译]　我对篮球很着迷，而且我也很擅长篮球，这可能就是为什么我们上一场比赛输了的时候我很生气的原因。
2 I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said.
本句是并列复合句。第一个分句中because I was so angry 是原因状语从句；第二个分句中what I’d said是宾语从句。　[翻译]　我刚才发泄怒火，因为我很生气，但后来我的朋友去告诉其他人我说的话。
【词汇过关】 1 help out 帮一把；帮助(某人)克服困难(教材P2)I’m in a total mess here—hope you can help me out！　我这里一团糟，希望你能帮我！
(1)help (sb.) (to) do sth. 帮(某人)做某事help sb.with sth. 帮助某人做某事can’t help to do sth. 不能帮着做某事(2)can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事help oneself (to sth.) 自取；自用can’t help but do sth. 不得不做某事
①When he found the abandoned boy, he made a decision to help him out.当他发现那个被遗弃的男孩时，他决定帮助他。②Take this medicine.It will help you (to) get (get) better.吃了这药，你会好起来的。③I helped him with his lessons and I told him not to worry about his lessons.我帮他学习功课并且告诉他不要为他的功课担心。④a.She couldn’t help laughing (laugh) when she heard it.当她听到那事时，她禁不住大笑起来。B I couldn’t help but admire (admire) his courage, strength and competence.我不得不赞赏他的勇气、力量和能力。
[巧学活用]——完成句子(1)体育活动有助于我们保持健康。Sports and games _______________________.(2)——我能用你的词典吗？——用吧。—Can I use your dictionary —_____________________
help (to) keep us healthy
Help yourself.
2 let down　使失望，辜负；把……放下来(教材P2)We played well, but I felt the team were let down by one member, our point guard.我们打得很好，但我觉得球队被一个队员，我们的控球后卫辜负了。
let out 释放；放走；发出(叫喊声等)；泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露let alone 更不用说，更谈不上；不打扰，不惊动let in 允许进入
①I felt let down and depressed when he didn’t phone me. 他没给我打电话，我感到既失望又沮丧。②She let out that he would give her a lift home.她透露说他将用车顺便送她回家。③The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, letting in the natural light during the day.入口处的玻璃门已取代了木门，在白天好让自然光照进来。④He hasn’t enough money for food, let alone amusements.他连温饱都无法解决，更不用说娱乐了。
3 fault n．责任，过错；缺点(教材P3)But I have to say that it’s partly your fault, isn’t it 但我不得不说你也有一部分责任，不是吗？it’s one’s fault 是某人的错find fault with... 对……不满；挑剔①He lost his job, but it was his own fault for telling lies.他丢了工作，但那是他自己撒谎的错。②My mother could always find fault with something, either in my diet or in my study.　
我母亲总能挑出什么毛病来，不是我的饮食就是我的学习。
4 apologise　v．道歉(教材P3)First, apologise to your teammate.首先，向你的队友道歉。
(1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apology n. 道歉；辩白make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉accept/refuse one’s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
①I think I’ll buy her a present and apologise.我想给她买份礼物来赔个不是。②The student had no other choice but to apologise to his teacher for the mistakes he had made.　
这名学生因为他所犯的错误除了向老师道歉之外别无选择。③He made an apology to her for not replying (reply) to her letter in time.他因没有及时给她回信而向她道歉。
[巧学活用]——一句多译丹尼因没有遵守诺言而向我道歉。(1)Danny ______________________ that he didn’t keep his word.(2)Danny ______________________ that he didn’t keep his word.
apologised to me
made an apology to me
5 breath　n. 呼出的气；呼吸；气息(教材P3)Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later.深呼吸，冷静下来，永远记住：先想，后说。
(1)hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸catch one’s breath 屏气，歇一口气take a deep breath 深呼吸lose one’s breath 喘不过气来(2)breathe v. 呼吸
①Tired and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.累得上气不接下气，安迪和鲁比最先到达了泰山山顶。②I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to breathe (breath)．在夏季我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。[巧学活用]——用breath的相关短语完成句子(1)深呼吸你会感到轻松。
_____________________ and then you may feel relaxed.(2)一路奔跑去学校，玛丽到达教室时上气不接下气。Running all the way to school, Mary was _______________ when she reached her classroom.
Take a deep breath
out of breath
6 concern　n．忧虑，担心　vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到(教材P3)If you feel one of your teammates isn’t pulling their weight, then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach.如果你觉得你的队友没有发挥他们的作用，那么就用专业的方式向你的教练提出你的担忧。
(1)concern oneself about... 关心……(2)express/show concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心(3)concerned adj. 关切的；担心的be concerned about/for 关心……be concerned with 与……有关(4)as/so far as...be concerned 就……而言
①The quality of books is a main concern to editors.编辑们主要关心书的质量。②Since there is always heavy fog, many people begin to concern themselves about air pollution.因为大雾经常发生，很多人开始关心空气污染问题。③The government showed the growing concern about/for continuing high unemployment.政府对居高不下的失业率日益担忧。④a.There is no evidence that he was concerned with any crimes.没有证据显示他参与过任何犯罪活动。b Perhaps everyone present at the meeting was concerned about/for their own interests.或许，出席会议的每一个人都关心个人利益。[巧学活用]——完成句子就英语而言，读英文报纸是很有用的。
_________________________________,reading English newspapers is of great help.
As far as English is concerned
Can you retell Ben’s problems and Agony Aunt’s suggestions (共30张PPT)
外研必修
第三册
Unit 1
Period 4
Reading
1
2
To tell the meaning of white lies by giving examples, explain the author’s attitude towards telling white lies and catch and analyse the basic structure of an essay.
To use the words, phrases from the passage correctly and voice your own opinion on telling white lies.
教学目
Lead-in
What will happen if someone tells a lie
Can you show any examples
1 Look at the picture and answer the following question.What would you say if you were Student B
Maybe the best answer will be like this:
I'm sorry that you didn't reach your ideal goal in the exam. As for me, although I also made some mistakes, luckily I did a bit better than I had expected this time. Now, forget it and just work harder! I'm sure that you will make great progress next.
目标一：To tell the meaning of white lies by giving examples, explain the author’s attitude towards telling white lies and catch and analyse the basic structure of an essay.
Activity 1: Skim the title and the passage quickly, then find out what it is about.
It is about little white lies.
Activity 2: Read the passage and find out the meaning of “white lies”.
White lies are little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.
Activity 3:Read the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6
Para.7 Para.8
a Tell white lies to make others feel good b Another example of white liesc A poem about liesd An example of white liese Telling white lies is to give encouragement f Tell white lies to protect others from bad newsg Definition of white liesh Conclusion: unpredictable results of telling white lies
Activity 4: Read the passage and divide it into three parts.
Learning to learn
An essay usually consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. Start with an introduction that contains the aims and an overview of the essay. The main body of an essay is a series of paragraphs that explore and develop your argument. The conclusion contains a summary of your ideas— do not introduce any new material here! End your essay by linking your conclusion back to the essay title.
Introduction Para.1-2 Introduce the topic by quoting a poem
Put forward the argument
Main body Para 3-7 Reason 1 (3-5)
Reason 2 (6)
Reason 3 (7)
Conclusion Para. 8
Activity 5:Complete the diagram with information from the passage.
Introduction
We know lying is wrong, so why do we tell white lies
Main body
Reason 1
To make others ____________.
Example(s)
Someone's cooking _____________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________.
Someone's haircut ______________________________.
Analysis
Perhaps we lie to protect ourselve__________________
_____________________________________________.
feel better
a meal for us that we don't like. The majority of us don't tell the truth - we lie and say that the food is "delicious".
is awful, but we say "It's great!"
from the disappointment and anger of others
Reason 2
______________________________________.
Example(s)
______________________________________________________________________________________.
Analysis
Perhaps your friend wants
______________________________________________________________________________________.
Perhaps they need to know ___________________________________________.
To give encouragement
You say your friend's singing is wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better
some frank comments from you so that they can improve
that they should look for a different hobby
Reason 3
_________________________________.
Example(s)
______________________________________________________________________________________.
Analysis
Perhaps your parents
______________________________________________________________________________________.
To protect others from bad news
You've had a bad day, but you hide your tears and lie to your parents that your day was "fine"
would want to listen to you and understand your feelings
Even white lies may have results we cannot predict. So ________________________________________
__________________________________________.
we should not tell lies even if they are white lies. Honesty is an important value and lying is wrong
Conclusion
Activity 6: Think & Share
1 What does the “web” in the poem represent 2. What would you do in the situations described in the passage 3. What do you think is the difference between a lie and a white lie 4. How would you feel if you were told a white lie Share your experience with the class if this has happened to you.
1 It represents a complicated situation, in which once we tell a lie, we have to continue to tell more other lies in order to cover the previous ones.2 Students’ own answers.3 A lie is told to cover the truth in order to benefit yourself, which can be harmful to others. A white lie is told to avoid hurting others, without bad intention.4 Students’ own answers.
Activity 7: Work in groups. Give a talk on the importance of honesty following the steps below.
Explain what honesty is. Give reasons for the importance of being honest. Support your reasons with examples. End with your conclusion.
目标二: To use the words, phrases from the passage correctly and voice your own opinion on telling white lies.
Activity 1: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 tell a lie/lies　撒谎(教材P8)We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they’ve never told a lie 我们都知道诚实是一种重要的价值观，说谎是错误的，但是谁能坦诚地说他们从来没有说过谎呢？
lie n．谎话；谎言 vi. 说谎a white lie 善意的谎言tell sb. a lie 向某人撒谎lie to sb. 向某人撒谎
①Her friend told a lie to her, which made her very angry.她的朋友向她撒了谎，这令她很生气。②In order to calm him down, I told a white lie．为了让他安静下来，我撒了一个善意的谎言。③Don’t lie to me. Please tell me the truth.不要向我撒谎。请跟我说实话。
【易混辨析】
词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
说谎 lie lied lied lying
躺；位于 lie lay lain lying
放置；下蛋 lay laid laid laying
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)The survivors ________ (lie) on the beach, tired and shocked.(2)The boy said that he had ________ (lay) the pen on the desk, but I thought he ________ (lie) to me.
lay
laid
lied
2 protect...from/against...　保护……免受……(教材P8) Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”: little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.也许我们会用这样的理解安慰自己，我们所说的大多数谎言都是“善意的谎言”：我们所说的小谎言是为了保护他人不受真相的伤害。
protection n.保护，防卫under the protection of 在……的保护下
①They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.他们挤在一起，免受风吹。②We will spare no expense to protect our environment from being polluted (pollute)．我们将不惜一切代价来保护我们的环境不受污染。③We must let everyone know the importance of wildlife protection (protect)．我们必须让大家知道保护野生动物的重要性。【温馨提示】常见“动词＋sb./sth.＋from...”结构：save sb./sth. from...使某人/某物免于……；forbid sb./sth. from...禁止某人/某物做某事；prevent/stop/keep sb./sth. from...阻止某人/某物做某事。
3 hide　v. (hid，hidden)隐藏(教材P9)Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you 此外，如果你发现你身边的人一直在向你隐瞒真相，你会怎么想？
(1)hide sth. from sb. 隐瞒某人某事hide sth.in/under/behind...
把某物隐藏在……里面/下面/后面(2)hiding adj. 躲藏的hidden adj. 秘密的；隐秘的
①Sunglasses make someone appear mysterious，because they hide the eyes.墨镜让人看上去很神秘，因为它们遮住了眼睛。②Finally, Jack found the ball was hidden(hide) behind the tree.最后，杰克发现球藏在树后面。③You’d better hide your private matters from strangers.你最好对陌生人隐瞒你的隐私。[巧学活用]——句式升级(普通表达)Because everyone’s face was hidden behind the mask, it’s hard to tell who they really are.(高级表达)___________________________________________________, it’s hard to tell who they really are.(with复合结构)
With everyone’s face hidden behind the mask
【句式分析】 1 Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies” : little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth. [句式分析]这是一个多重复合句。
(1) that most of the lies we tell are “white lies” 是_________________ (句子成分)对其前面名词 “knowledge”进行解释说明，该从句中 “we tell” 是一个_________________修饰先行词 “little lies”.(2) “that we tell to protect others from the truth”为_________________修饰先行词“little lies”，而“little lies”又充当 “white lies”的_______ (句子成分)。[尝试翻译] 也许我们会这样安慰自己，我们说的大多数谎言都是善意的谎言－即我们为了不让别人知道真相而撒的小谎。
同位语从句
定语从句
定语从句
同位语
2 One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to make others feel better. [句式分析] reasons for sth/ doing sth 意为“...的原因”， to make others feel better 不定式短语在句中充当“_________”（句子成分）[尝试翻译] 说善意谎言的一个主要原因是为了让别人感觉好一些。3 You of course say that it's wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. [句式分析] despite 意为“尽管”, “ thinking that your cat can sing better.”为现在分词短语充当句子的 “__________”(成分)，注意动词think与其逻辑主语you构成 “主动关系”（语态）。[尝试翻译] 你当然会说这很美妙，尽管你心里认为你的猫唱得更好。
表语
状语
4 Going back to Walter Scott’s lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance.
[句式分析] 本句主语是we，go back to与之在逻辑上是主动关系，故用现在分词表示。“we cannot know in advance” 实际上是定语从句，先行词是results，由于先行词在从句中做宾语，故引导词可省略。短语in advance译为“提前”。[尝试翻译] 回到Walter Scott’s的诗句，我们能发现，即使是善意的谎言也能带来我们无法预知的后果。
Activity 2: Complete the summary with the correct words or the correct forms of the words in the bracket according to the passage.
We all know that honesty is an important value and that (1)___________ (lie) is wrong, but who can (2)__________ (honest) say that they’ve never told a lie Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”: little lies that we tell (3) ___________ (protect) others from the truth. There are some reasons for telling white lies.
lying
honestly
to protect
First, white lies can make others feel (4)______________ (good). When we lie and say someone’s haircut looks good, we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the (5)______________ (disappoint) and anger of others. Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement. Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing. You of course say that it’s wonderful, (6)______________ secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. In fact, perhaps what your friend needs are frank (7)______________ (comment).
better
disappointment
comments
despite
Finally, we may also tell (8)______________ white lie (9)______________ we want to protect others from bad news. If you (10)______________(have) a bad day, you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine” so that your parents didn’t worry about you. However, wouldn’t it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice One day we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance.
a
when
have had
1 Can you summarise the meaning of white lie 2 Can you tell us the structure of an essay (共20张PPT)
外研必修
第三册
Unit 1
Period 2
Grammar & Vocabulary
1
2
To learn the usage of -ed form as adverbial in a sentence and use it correctly.
To use the words and phrases describing interpersonal relationships correctly.
目标一：To learn the usage of -ed form as adverbial in a sentence and use it correctly.
Activity 1: Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a. Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.
b. Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
1 Who was disappointed in sentence (a) What is approached in sentence (b)
2 Why does the author use -ed instead of -ing here
“I” was disappointed in sentence (a).
“Your friendship” was approached in sentence (b).
Because -ing is used when the action is done by the subject of the sentence, while -ed is used when the action is done to the subject of the sentence.Here, both “disappoint” and “approach” are actions done to the subjects.
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions. And look for more sentences with -ed as adverbial in the reading passage.
a. Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.
b. Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
c. Because I was disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.
d. If it is approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
3 What is the difference between the two groups of sentences
4 Why does the author choose to use -ed instead of an adverbial clause in the reading passage
Sentences (a) and (b) contain -ed as adverbial while sentences (c) and (d) contain adverbial clauses.
Because -ed makes the sentences shorter and sound more formal as written language.
a Embarrassed and ashamed, I can’t concentrate on anything.b Treated this way, you’re sure to feel hurt.c Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.
Activity 2: Read the sentences below and answer the question.
a Told that his mother was seriously ill, Li Hua hurried home quickly.b Moved by the heroic deeds, many people couldn’t help crying.c Given more time, we could do it much better.d Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.e The woman scientist entered the lab, followed by her assistants.V-ed 作状语可以表示哪些情况？
a 时间状语 b 原因状语 c 条件状语d 让步状语 e 方式或伴随状语
1 过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时, 通常放在句首; 作伴随、结果状语时, 通常放在句末; 作方式状语时, 一般放在句末, 有时也放在句首; 作让步状语时, 一般放在句首, 有时也放在句末。*Told that his mother was ill, the boss hurried home quickly. (原因状语)得知母亲生病了, 老板迅速赶回了家。*The old man walked into the room, supported by his son. (方式状语)老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
2 过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 即表示被动; 现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系, 即表示主动。*Used for a long time, the book looks old. (动宾关系)由于用了很长时间, 这本书看上去很旧。*Using the book, I find it very useful. (主谓关系)在使用这本书时, 我发现它很有用。
Activity 3: Rewrite the underlined sentences with the -ed form.
Last week, Anne was attracted by a particular article in a magazine, so she bought it. Three days ago, to complete her homework quickly, she copied part of the article without thinking. Her teacher was very satisfied with her homework. Anne was praised in class,and she felt happy as well as ashamed. Then,the teacher wanted to enter her homework into a writing competition. Anne was shocked by the decision and did not know what to do. If she told the truth, the whole class would find out. They would look down on her. If she kept silent, maybe no one would ever find out... What should Anne do
1.Last week, attracted by a particular article in a magazine, Anne bought it.2.Praised in class, Anne felt happy as well as ashamed.3.Shocked by the decision, Anne did not know what to do.
Activity 4: Rewrite the underlined sentences with the -ed form.
Inside Out is an animated film about the five emotions of a girl called Riley: Joy, Sadness, Fear, Disgust and Anger. Influencing/Influenced mainly by Joy, most of Riley’s memories are happy ones.
Believing/Believed that she is Riley’s most important emotion, Joy always tries to take the lead. Preventing/ Prevented from playing her role in Riley’s emotional development, Sadness feels annoyed.
When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings. Sadness wants to do her duty but by accident causes the loss of Riley’s happy core memories with Joy. Now separating/separated from her friends and her beloved hockey team, Riley starts to feel lost and helpless, and wants to run away from her parents and new school. Worried about her, Joy and Sadness try to work together to ensure she gets her core memories back.
Eventually, realising/realised that every emotion has a role, Joy understands it is okay for Riley to feel sad sometimes. Accepting sadness as part of life helps Riley deal with the emotional complexity of growing up, and settle down in her new life.
目标二: To use the words and phrases describing interpersonal relationships correctly.
Activity 1: Read the tips and underline the words that describe behaviour towards others.
1 forgive; apologise
2 criticise
3 lie
4 judge
5 complain
Activity 2: Describe the situations with the words you underlined.
I’m really sorry. I didn’t mean it._____________
You’re so selfish._____________
I know you’re sorry. It’s OK. Don’t worry about it._________
I can tell he is not easy to get along with._____________
I don’t want to wait for him all the time._____________
My pet parrot flew away with my homework._________
apologize
criticise
forgive
judge
complain
lie
Activity 3: Work in pairs. Discuss what you should do in the following situations and explain your reasons.
Situation 1. You forgot your best friend's birthday, and you feel bad about it.
I will apologize to my friend sincerely and state my reasons honestly.
My reason maybe:
I am really sorry to tell you that I didn’t go to celebrate your birthday personally and missed a wonderful chance to enjoy myself with you. Last week, our school held an important English speech contest. I was so busy writing a draft and practising speech that I forgot your birthday. Now I hope you could understand and forgive me.
Situation 2. Your neighbour always makes a lot of noise late at night. You cannot stand it.
I will try to communicate openly with my neighbour.
I went to bed at around 10 o’clock. But the noise my neighbour make at night really bothered me. I hope my neighbour can pay a little bit attention to that.
My reason maybe:
Situation 3. Your classmate borrowed a book from you and lost it.
It is a good idea to be generous with others. This can help create a lasting friendship. So I won’t mind it.
It doesn’t matter. You don’t have to feel bad about it. I have read it through. I just sent the book to you as a gift.
My reason maybe:
Situation 4. Your friends have asked you to watch a boxing match with them, but you don't like boxing.
Appreciate others’ good will. It is important to tell the truth. I will saying no to my friends politely.
Thank you for your invitation. But I am not quite interested in it. I hope maybe next time we can do something else together.
My reason maybe:
1 Can you make some sentences using -ed as adverbial 2 Can you list some words that describe behaviour towards others

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