资源简介

黄浦区2023学年度第一学期高三年级教学质量调研
英语试卷
（完卷时间：120分钟 满分：140分）
第I卷（共100分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. They both prefer e-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks.
C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price.
C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room.
C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes.
C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light.
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London.
B. Londoners should have seen foreign movies.
C. Londoners had better learn foreign languages.
D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London.
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The woman missed the discount.
B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount.
C. The woman fails to come to class on time.
D. The woman can’t join the new classes.
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack.
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn.
C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion.
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds.
B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain.
C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world.
D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition.
C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor.
12.
A. Improving the designs of saving energy.
B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance.
C. Developing a new use for the existing technology.
D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems.
13.
A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing.
C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance.
14.
A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher.
C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15.
A. According to how important the work is.
B. According to when the work occurs to you.
C. According to how much you like the subject.
D. According to when the work should be completed.
16.
A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task.
C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance.
17.
A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan.
C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18.
A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness.
B. They regard them as fashionable appliances.
C. They want to show their taste in gift choices.
D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts.
19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness.
20.
A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want.
C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Reconsidering the Staycation
I’ve always been doubtful of the staycation. The newly-invented word is too cute for ____21____ feels like a comfort: While other people are off exploring the Blue Lagoon by camper van, you get to stay in your very own home and go to your usual supermarket ____22____ cookies!
So, I am fascinated to discover, thanks to my colleague Catherine Pearson, that I ____23____ (understand) staycation in a wrong way. Evidently, my tendency ____24____ (take) a break without a plan is unlikely to produce a restorative effect. Instead, one should make good preparations for that period of time. Jaime Kurtz, a psychology professor at James Madison University and the author of “The Happy Traveler: Unpacking the Secrets of Better Vacations,” advises ____25____ (ask) oneself, “If I were moving away soon, what would I most want to do, and who would I most want to spend time with ”
I like this saying “Live every day as if it were your last.” Any reminder that time is flying is a good one ____26____ it gets you to live better. This weekend, you could, for instance, seek out some vegan ice cream ____27____ doesn’t taste terrible. You could try running in a pool, which is easier on the joints but as effective as running on land. You could go for a walk or a drive while listening to “Slow Radio,” a very comforting BBC podcast ____28____ (feature) sounds of the natural world.
Whether or not you have a proper vacation ____29____ (plan) for the coming weeks, you could envision any coming weekend as its own two-day mini-break, programming it as you would a trip to somewhere new, with a journey _____30_____ (exciting) than just “sleep as much as possible” and “mow the lawn”.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. airflows B. block C. challenges D. cool E. critically F. disproportionately G. principles H. reduces I. sensitive J. site-specific K. stretches
Skywell
A skywell, or “tian jin”, as it is commonly called, is a typical feature of a traditional home in southern and eastern China. Skywells were designed to reduce temperature in buildings well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories and creates____31____by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and harvest rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it____32____out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell.
Architects are now looking towards the____33____behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in the eastern Chinese city of Jinan. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant inner skywell in the middle, which____34____from the fifth to the top floor. The elevators, toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around this channel, which helps improve the lighting and ventilation and____35____the overall energy consumption.
Ancient “green wisdom” such as skywells continue to inspire today’s climate adaptive design and innovations in methods that depend on design and technology to____36____a building without the use of power.
However, there are some____37____for bringing skywells into modern designs. The mechanisms of courtyards facilitating natural lighting, ventilation and rain collection are well known, but applying these methods needs to be____38____. Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, which were____39____dependent on their natural surroundings, adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to be____40____to their project’s context and situation, making it difficult to apply them as a universal solution.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Turkey is not my thing, but one dish I cannot live without on Thanksgiving is my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes. I start____41____these potatoes, my annual time release capsule of pure joy in early November. I’m pretty sure I’ve had them at every Thanksgiving since I was a kid, and bites often transport me back to different years and different dining rooms.
How and why is it that certain foods give us so much____42____ And what can be said about the kinds of foods we consider most comforting Science tells us that taste and nutritional content affect how foods make us feel, but certain foods are especially____43____ satisfying for reasons that have little to do with their taste or nutritional content. Much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories they stimulate for us and the people we’re with while we____44____them. Past and present____45____shape the foods we find comforting.
Often, we love food because we have____46____ memories associated with it. My mom’s mashed potatoes (土豆泥) remind me of holiday joy and past reunions with extended family. We are also drawn to foods we were given early in life by people who cared for us, which can help explain our____47____ love for chicken noodle soup, which many parents feed their sick children to make them feel better.
The smell of food can____48____powerful memories, too. The part of the brain responsible for processing smell directly connects to the amygdala, a brain region that processes emotions, and the hippocampus, which handles memory. And our memory for smells is____49____and precise, especially when it comes to smell we were first exposed to in childhood. That’s why you might catch the smell of pumpkin pie baking in the oven and be transported back to the first tine you baked it with your grandmother.
These____50____can go the other way, too. Sometimes you might feel____51____when you eat foods that remind you of loved ones you miss. We may also____52____foods that we associate with bad experiences.
In addition to past memories, the____53____in which we eat foods shapes how much we enjoy them in the moment, and our gustatory (味觉的) experiences can be____54____by a sense of community, a sense of warmth and enjoying it together.I____55____my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes that much more today because I got to eat them with my husband and two children, the three people I love most in the world.
41.
A. cutting down on B. looking forward to C. making for D. putting away
42.
A. perspective B. pleasure C. space D. transition
43.
A. emotionally B. financially C. physically D. visually
44
A. enjoy B. memorize C. order D. recall
45.
A. company B. menus C. outlook D. recipes
46.
A. cultural B. fond C. photographic D. shared
47.
A. collective B. creative C. lost D. parental
48.
A. awake B. correct C. preserve D. record
49.
A. bitter-sweet B. fresh C. long-lasting D. selective
50.
A. associations B. experiences C. foods D. memories
51.
A. alert B. amazed C. disappointed D. sad
52.
A. avoid B. consume C. store D. swallow
53.
A. area B. background C. context D. emotion
54.
A. enhanced B. offered C. reflected D. weakened
55.
A. adapted B. appreciated C. copied D. digested
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
A
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, who together identified a slight chemical change to messenger RNA,were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine this year.
Dr. Karikó, the 13th woman to win the prize, had come to the United States from Hungary two decades earlier when her research program there ran out of money. She was preoccupied by mRNA, which provides instructions to cells to make proteins. Defying the decades old belief that mRNA was clinically unusable, she hold the view that it would stimulate medical innovations.
She and Dr. Weissman had their first chance meeting over a copy machine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1998. At the time, Dr. Weissman was desperate for new approaches to a vaccine (疫苗) against HLV, which bad long proved impossible to defend against. A physician who had tried and failed for years to develop a treatment for AIDS, he wondered if he and Dr. Karikó could team up to make an HIV. vaccine.
For years, they were at a loss. Mice vaccinated with mRNA became inactive. Countless experiments failed. They wandered down one dead end after another, But eventually, the scientists discovered that cells protect their own mRNA with a specific chemical modification (修饰). So they tried making the same change to mRNA manufactured in the lab before vaccinating it into cells It worked.
At first, other scientists were largely uninterested in taking up that new approach to vaccination. But two biotech companies soon took notice: Moderna, in the United States, and BioNTech, in Germany. Then the coronavirus emerged. Almost instantly, Drs. Karikó and Weissman’s work came together with several factors of different research to put vaccine makers ahead of the game in developing shot.
Brian Ferguson, an immunologist at the University of Cambridge, said. “The work of Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman in the years prior to 2020 prevented tens of millions of deaths and helped the world recover from the worst pandemic in a century. They richly deserve this recognition.”
56. The underlined word “defying” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A. challenging B. confirming C. re-emphasizing D. stating
57. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman’s research
A. They teamed up for the treatment for AIDS in Hungary.
B. They protected their mRNA with a chemical modification.
C. They persevered until they made a change to lab-made mRNA.
D. They manufactured mRNA in mice despite their countless failures.
58. According to Brian Ferguson, Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman deserve the recognition because .
A. they took no notice of others’ ignorance
B. they caught attention of two biotech companies
C. their work helped avoid the loss of countless lives
D. their work prevented the outbreak of the pandemic
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Chemical Changes Identified in the Pandemic
B. Approaches Adopted to Defend Against HLV
C. Nobel Prize Awarded to Covid Vaccine Pioneers
D. mRNA Manufactured in a University Lab in USA
B
IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS
The rice cooker can be used by children aged from 8 years and above and persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been supervised/instructed and understand the hazards involved, Children shall not play with the appliance. Cleaning and user care shall not be done by children unless they are older than 8 and supervised. Keep the appliance and wire out of reach of children under 8 years.
If the wire is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer, its service agent, or someone similarly qualified, to avoid hazard.
SERVICE
The product isn’t user-serviceable. If it’s not working, read the instructions, check the plug fuse(保险丝)and main fuse. If it’s still not working, consult your retailer(零售商).
If that doesn’t solve the problem - ring Customer Service - they may be able to offer technical advice.
If they advise you to return the product to us, pack it carefully, include a note with your name, address,day phone number, and what’s wrong. If under guaranee, say where and when purchased, and include proof of purchase. Send it to:
Customer Service
Spectrum Brands (UK) Ltd
Fir Street, Failsworith, Manchester M350HS
email: support@
telephone: 0345 658 9700
Please note: If you have purchased the product within the last 6 months, please contact the retailer first to deal with any matters relating to guarantee.
GUARANTEE
Faults affecting product functionality appearing within the guarantee period will be corrected by replacement or repair at our option provided the product is used and maintained in accordance with the instructions. Your legal rights are not affected.
Guarantee period = 2 years from first retail purchase.
To claim an extra 1-year guarantee, register your product online within 28 days of purchase.
Register at: www.rusellhobbs.co.uk/productregister/
Consumables are guaranteed only for their recommended lifecycle. Replacements are excluded and are only covered by a 1-year guarantee.
60. What can 9-year-olds do with the rice cooker
A. They can clean or repair it alone.
B. They can use it with proper instruction.
C. They can play with it as long as it is not in use.
D. They can supervise their younger brothers who use it.
61. Jennifer bought a rice cooker 10 months ago and now there is something wrong with it, what can she do
A. Call her retailer to extend the guarantee period.
B. Self-check the appliance before asking for help.
C. Email to support@ for technical advice.
D. Return the cooker with contact & purchasing information without the recipe.
62 You can replace a faulty rice cooker in the third year from your purchase if.
A. it has been repaired by your retailer or a service agent
B. the product functionality hasn’t been affected seriously
C. you have registered the cooker online as soon as you buy it
D. its consumables are guaranteed for their recommended lifecycle
C
①A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. The accusations in the lawsuit raise a deeper question about behavior: Are young people becoming addicted to social media and the internet Here’s what the research has found.
②David Greenfield, a psychologist and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction in West Hartford, Conn, said the devices tempt users with some powerful approaches. One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. Adults are easily influenced, be noted, but young people are particularly at risk, because the brain regions that are involved in resisting temptation and reward are not nearly as developed in children and teenagers as in adults. Moreover, the adolescent brain is especially accustomed to social connections, and social media is all a perfect opportunity to connect with other people.
③For many years, the scientific community typically defined addiction in relation to substances, such as drugs, and not behaviors, such as gambling or internet use. That has gradually changed. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the official reference for mental health conditions, introduced the idea of internet gaming addiction.
④A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take.
⑤Dr. Michael Rich, the director of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children’s Hospital, said he discouraged the use of the word “addiction” because the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life.
⑥Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet and that the definition of how much is too much can vary. But he said there also were obvious cases where immoderate use disturbs school, sleep and other vital aspects of a healthy life. “Too many young consumers can’t put it down, ” he said.“ The internet, including social media like Meta, are the drugs affecting the mind.”
63. What was Meta accused of
A. It added problematic features to its platform.
B. It started a discussion to mislead young people.
C. It tempted children to use social media too much.
D. It conducted illegal research on its parent company.
64. According to David Greenfield, users tend to be addicted to social media and the internet due to .
A their under-developed brain
B. the random pattern of rewards
C. their desire to be socially connected
D. the possibility of escaping from reality
65. What can be concluded about the study introduced in Paragraph 4
A. Addiction is something about behaviors instead of substances.
B. The online language can be interpreted from a broad perspective.
C. Current diagnostic criteria of “internet addiction” isn’t satisfactory.
D. There should be an agreement on the definition of the word “internet”.
66. Dr. Michael Rich and David Greenfield both agree that .
A. proper use of the internet does good to children
B. the internet is to blame for disturbing healthy life
C. there are cases against immoderate use of the internet
D. the word “addiction” is improperly used on the internet
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Defining Success on Your Own Terms
“You go to college right out of high school. That’s the rule, right ” says Nikki Ivey, a sales trainer and consultant outside Jacksonville, Fla, However, it’s not the case for her. Actually, she got her undergraduate degree at 28. ____67____
One by one, she missed the milestones she’d envisioned in some imaginary dream life: earning six figures by 30, buying a house by 35. Then she hit one- attaining a high-level executive position in a company. She didn’t love the job. She did love sitting around the dinner table laughing with her kids. “____68____” she asked herself. She ended up leaving the job, and started to wonder about all those milestones.
Danielle Ponder had a career as a lawyer before dedicating herself to singing full time. Working as a public defender in Rochester, NY, Danielle Ponder would frequently Google,“Did anyone make it after the age of 35 At one point, she quit her day job, only to return a year and a half later, due to the pandemic and disappointing bookings. On the last day of 2021, five days before her 40 birthday, she tried again. ____69____ “I don’t know if I could survive this happening to me at 19,“ she says. She thinks her insecure teen self wouldn’t have handled the stress of the public eye well.
It can be hard to make a transition later in life.____70____
A. Do I even want them On whose clock
B. Why should you challenge that secret timeline of milestones in your head
C. This time, quitting her job led to her first album, television appearances and sold-out shows.
D. Instead of feeling pressure to hit life events on someone else’s timeline, maybe it’s fine to make our own.
E. People are felling like they’re falling behind, when in fact they’re probably doing exactly what they should.
F. She spent years feeling like an outsider and failure as she watched her peers rise in school and work, figuring she’d never catch up.
IV. Summary Writing
71 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why companies are hiring "prompt engineers"
With the new generative AI tools, like ChatGPT, anyone can put in a prompt—type in a few words and get a result. But that doesn’t mean that the results will be relevant or accurate.
The key is putting in the right prompt. That’s why some businesses are now hiring prompt engineers-people with the skill, background and practice to talk to so-called large-language AI systems effectively and why many people expect prompt engineering to be a desirable skill for many kinds of workers to add to their resumes.
In general, the more detailed the request, the closer the response will come to what the user is looking for. But the most effective prompt engineering goes beyond adding detail.
For one thing, adding the right detail to get the best response is crucial. Also, there are many ways to guide how an AI system presents the information it finds, depending on the goal-tellinlg it to write in a certain style or for a certain audience, for instance. Each tool also has particular capabilities and limitations that users can learn to tackle. And the best results often come from an extended conversation with the AI, reacting to what it produces and asking for refinements.
Even for people applying to jobs that don’t clearly mention prompt engineering, having this skill could become essential for all sorts of roles. Art directors could use generative AI to outline ideas, and marketers could use it to develop new slogans. Software engineers could use it to find problems with their code. Lawyers could use it to research a piece of law. This is going to be a foundational skill that all of us need to know. The through line is when you learn a new skill, you can take it in any direction you like.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第II卷（共40分）
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 参观这家博物馆能带你回到20世纪30年代。(visit)(汉译英)
73. 新软件能够以超出预期的速度处理数据。(capable) (汉译英)
74. 超市离我家步行就能到达，买日用品非常方便。(As) (汉译英)
75. 他之所以能成为一名家喻户晓的体育明星，不仅仅是因为他在球场上酣畅淋漓的表现，更是因为他的努力和谦虚。(not only) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为“我的2023”的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。在文中，你必须：1.描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情；2.说明这件事对你的意义。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________黄浦区2023学年度第一学期高三年级教学质量调研
英语试卷
（完卷时间：120分钟 满分：140分）
第I卷（共100分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. At a bookstore. B. At the train station. C. In a clock shop. D. On the street.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’d like to book two train tickets to London tomorrow morning, after the rush hour.
M: No problem. Just give me a minute. There are three here at 9:00, 10:00 and 11:00.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. They both prefer e-textbooks. B. The man is expecting printed textbooks.
C. The woman is against the use of tablets. D. Neither of them needs tablets.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Our school is replacing printed textbooks with e-textbooks next semester. I can’t wait.
W: Really But tablets have too many distractions.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. They’re formal. B. They’re worth the price.
C. They’re out-of-date. D. They’re poor in quality.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: 500 dollars Do you typically spend that much on a pair of casual trousers
M: They’re a little pricey, yes, but they are special. Bear in mind they will last me several years and they are very fashionable too.
Q: What does the man think of the trousers
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Find a roommate. B. Move to a neat room.
C. Post an ad for a cleaner. D. Reply to an ad.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: What we need is a roommate who is neat and clean.
W: Let’s write that in the advertisement: neatness is a must.
Q: What do the two speakers want to do
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. To make the computer beautiful. B. To protect his eyes.
C. To get the computer to work longer. D. To keep the computer away from blue light.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s that orange thing on your computer screen
M: It’s something I bought yesterday. It’s a plastic sheet that blocks the computer’s blue light. You know, the blue light will harm our eyes.
Q: Why does the man cover the computer screen with the plastic sheet
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The movie theatre isn’t popular in London.
B. Londoners should have seen foreign movies.
C. Londoners had better learn foreign languages.
D. There is a great demand for foreign movies in London.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: We are the only movie theatre in the whole country that only shows foreign movies.
W: Is there enough demand for that I would have thought that in London, most people don’t speak foreign languages.
Q: What does the woman mean
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The woman missed the discount.
B. The woman isn’t qualified for the discount.
C The woman fails to come to class on time.
D. The woman can’t join the new classes.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m only interested in the new classes, so how much of a discount is there on these 2 new classes
M: The same discount of 20% is being offered to everyone at the door on a first-come-first-serve basis for the first month. But you come too late.
Q: What does the man imply
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Chase each other. B. Chat while eating. C. Prepare for a race. D. Serve a snack.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, haven’t seen you for a long time. Why don’t we have a snack and do some catching up
W: Yeah, why not
Q: What will they most probably do next
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. It’s suitable for her learning style. B. She wants to try different ways to learn.
C. She prefers to connect notes to a story. D. It can strongly smooth her emotion.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: As an emotional learner, I organize my notes into a story that I can connect to and recite to myself.
M: That’s amazing. I didn’t know there are so many different ways to learn.
Q: Why does the woman change her notes into a story
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The hunting is to blame for the disappearance of the birds.
B. The cause of the decline in the ducks’ number is uncertain.
C. She is unhappy with the climate change throughout the world.
D. The man should find more scientific evidence for the birds’ extinction.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I can’t believe that duck hunting is still legal in so many parts of the world. The scientific evidence clearly indicates a decline in the birds’ population.
W: But can anyone be sure whether the decline is really caused by the hunting or by climate change
Q: What does the woman imply
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. To ask for her help. B. To apply for the entry for the competition.
C. To take back his copy of drawing. D. To confirm the name of his tutor.
12.
A. Improving the designs of saving energy.
B. Designing a typical domestic kitchen appliance.
C. Developing a new use for the existing technology.
D. Adopting different approaches to existing problems.
13.
A. They don’t sell well. B. They don’t look appealing.
C. They often cost too much. D. They vary in appearance.
14.
A. To push a button. B. To turn on the dishwasher.
C. To decorate the pool. D. To break the glass.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Professor Smith, I’m John Wishart. I’m working on my entry for the Global Design Competition. My tutor said you might be able to help me with it.
W: Ah, yes, I got a copy of your drawings. What sort of competition is it
M: Well, it’s an international design competition and we have to come up with a new design for a typical domestic kitchen appliance.
W: I see, and are there any special conditions Does it have to save energy for example
M: Actually, that was the focus in last year’s competition. This year’s different. We have to adopt an innovative approach to existing technology, using it in a way that hasn’t been thought of before.
W: I see. What kitchen appliance have you chosen
M: Well, I decided to choose the dishwasher.
W: Interesting, what made you choose that
M: Well, they’re an everyday kitchen appliance in most Australian houses but they’re all pretty boring and almost identical to each other. I think some people will be prepared to pay a little extra for something that looks different.
W: That’s a nice idea. I see you’ve called your design ‘the Rockpool’, why is that
M: Basically, because it looks like the rock pools you find on a beach. The top is made of glass so that you can look down into it.
W: And there’s a stone at the bottom. Is that just for decoration
M: Actually, it does have a function. Instead of pushing a button, you turn the stone.
W: So, it’s really just a novel way of starting the dishwasher.
11. Why does John come to Professor Smith
12. What’s the focus of this year’s competition
13. Why has John chosen dishwashers
14. What’s the function of the stone at the bottom
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15.
A. According to how important the work is.
B. According to when the work occurs to you.
C. According to how much you like the subject.
D. According to when the work should be completed.
16.
A. Have a vacation. B. Reward yourself for finishing a task.
C. Take some summer activities. D. Do something planned in advance.
17.
A. Those who lack time for study. B. Those who are good at making a plan.
C. Those who prefer study to relaxation. D. Those who plan to study in summer.
【答案】15. D 16. D 17. D
【解析】
【原文】For a lot of people, summer is a time to enjoy the sun, have a vacation and relax. But if you need to study this summer, it’s very important to create a study schedule so you have enough time for your studies as well as time to enjoy your break. Here are four tips for you.
First, get started with your schedule. The sooner you start, the sooner all your work is done and you’re free to do whatever you want during the holidays.
Next, create a to-do list of everything that needs to get done. Write everything in order of their deadlines and separate them by subject, so that you can see everything you need to cover in the study plan.
Then, plan it out. Make a schedule using a calendar or Excel. It could be daily, weekly or monthly, depending on which way you prefer to plan. Include all the tasks you want to complete in that time period. Plan your time using two kinds of time blocks: free time and fixed time. Free time is when you have other summer activities and relax. Fixed time is when you need to do something which you’ve determined beforehand regardless of most situations.
The last tip is to stick with it. Put your study plan where you can see it often. Each morning sees what you need to do and try to get it done. Reward yourself for completing the things you need to do and cross them off your schedule.
15. According to the passage, how should a to-do list be arranged
16. What should you do in fixed time
17. Who is the passage intended for
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18.
A. They expect to see receivers’ happiness.
B. They regard them as fashionable appliances.
C. They want to show their taste in gift choices.
D. They value the feelings delivered by the gifts.
19. A. Their appearance. B. Their packaging. C. Their price. D. Their usefulness.
20.
A. Write it on the wish list. B. Tell givers directly what we want.
C. Follow a gift-giving process. D. Browse Amazon to buy it.
【答案】18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Most of us are actually terrible at giving gifts. Research has shown that givers are fascinated with the moment of unwrapping a gift even more than the gift itself. We want something from giving: looks of delight. This is why items like hyper-specific kitchen appliances and fancy old-fashioned clocks all seem like fantastic gifts.
But it turns out receivers often want things that are far more practical — things they can actually use. In one study, researchers asked givers and receivers to rate gifts based on: desirability, like a fancy but complicated coffee maker, and practicability, like a coffee maker you can actually use without studying the instructions. They found that givers reliably chose the desirable gifts. But receivers preferred practicability.
How can we design a gift-giving formula that is efficient and emotional as you want to be A good way is to tell people what you want. A study looked at Amazon wish lists to determine if people were more appreciative of gifts from the list versus gifts that were total surprises. It turned out when people got gifts that weren’t on their list, they actually saw them as less thoughtful and less personal. Surprise is overrated — we’re happier to get what we ask for.
18. Why do gift givers prefer seemingly fantastic gifts
19. According to the passage, which of the following do receivers value most about gifts
20. How can we get a gift we desire
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Reconsidering the Staycation
I’ve always been doubtful of the staycation. The newly-invented word is too cute for ____21____ feels like a comfort: While other people are off exploring the Blue Lagoon by camper van, you get to stay in your very own home and go to your usual supermarket ____22____ cookies!
So, I am fascinated to discover, thanks to my colleague Catherine Pearson, that I ____23____ (understand) staycation in a wrong way. Evidently, my tendency ____24____ (take) a break without a plan is unlikely to produce a restorative effect. Instead, one should make good preparations for that period of time. Jaime Kurtz, a psychology professor at James Madison University and the author of “The Happy Traveler: Unpacking the Secrets of Better Vacations,” advises ____25____ (ask) oneself, “If I were moving away soon, what would I most want to do, and who would I most want to spend time with ”
I like this saying “Live every day as if it were your last.” Any reminder that time is flying is a good one ____26____ it gets you to live better. This weekend, you could, for instance, seek out some vegan ice cream ____27____ doesn’t taste terrible. You could try running in a pool, which is easier on the joints but as effective as running on land. You could go for a walk or a drive while listening to “Slow Radio,” a very comforting BBC podcast ____28____ (feature) sounds of the natural world.
Whether or not you have a proper vacation ____29____ (plan) for the coming weeks, you could envision any coming weekend as its own two-day mini-break, programming it as you would a trip to somewhere new, with a journey _____30_____ (exciting) than just “sleep as much as possible” and “mow the lawn”.
【答案】21. what
22. for 23. have understood
24. to take
25. asking 26. if
27. that##which
28. featuring
29. planned
30. more exciting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章分享了作者对“居家度假”这个词的理解发生转变的经历，一开始他持怀疑的态度，认为居家休息根本算不上是度假，后来多亏了同事，他察觉自己的理解有误，领悟到如果为此做好准备的话，这会让人活得更好，得到恢复身心的效果。
【21题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这个新发明的词太可爱了，感觉不像是一种安慰：当别人开着露营车去探索蓝湖的时候，你可以呆在自己的家里，去你常去的超市买饼干！分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作介词for的宾语，宾语从句缺少主语，结合“feels like a comfort”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。
【22题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个新发明的词太可爱了，感觉不像是一种安慰：当别人开着露营车去探索蓝湖的时候，你可以呆在自己的家里，去你常去的超市买饼干！根据“go to your usual supermarket”和“cookies”可推知，此处表示“去你常去的超市买饼干”，也就是“为了要，为了得到”饼干，空处应用表示该意思的介词for。故填for。
【23题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，多亏了我的同事Catherine Pearson，我惊奇地发现，我对居家度假的理解是错误的。分析句子可知，空处作从句的谓语，结合第一段中“I’ve always been doubtful of the staycation.”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作“理解”一直延续到现在，时态应用现在完成时，且主语为I，助动词用have。故填have understood。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：显然，我没有计划地休息的倾向不太可能产生恢复的效果。名词tendency后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的倾向，……的趋势”。故填to take。
【25题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学的心理学教授、《快乐的旅行者：揭开美好假期的秘密》一书的作者Jaime Kurtz建议问自己：“如果我很快就要离开，我最想做什么？我最想和谁共度时光？”动词advise后常直接跟动名词作宾语，表示“建议做某事”。故填asking。
【26题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：任何提醒你时间飞逝东西都是好的，如果它能让你活得更好的话。空前和空后均为完整的句子，上文表示“任何提醒你时间飞逝的东西都是好的”，下文表示“它能让你活得更好”，下文是上文发生的条件，因此空处应用意为“如果，假如”的从属连词if引导条件状语从句。故填if。
【27题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：比如，这个周末你可以找一些味道不差的素食冰淇淋。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词vegan ice cream，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。
【28题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以边散步或开车边听“慢速广播”，这是一个非常舒适的BBC播客，主打自然世界的声音。分析句子可知，空处作podcast的后置定语，是非谓语动词，feature“以……为特色”和podcast逻辑上是主动关系，且动作在进行中，应用feature的现在分词形式。故填featuring。
【29题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：不管你在接下来的几周是否有一个合适的假期计划，你都可以把即将到来的周末想象成一个为期两天的小假期，像规划去新地方的旅行一样规划它，带来一个比“尽可能多地睡觉”和“修剪草坪”更令人兴奋的旅程。根据“have a proper vacation”可知，空处作宾语补足语，为非谓语动词，plan“计划”和vacation逻辑上是被动关系，且此处侧重已经完成的状态，应用plan的过去分词形式，构成固定结构have sth. done。故填planned。
【30题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：不管你在接下来的几周是否有一个合适的假期计划，你都可以把即将到来的周末想象成一个为期两天的小假期，像规划去新地方的旅行一样规划它，带来一个比“尽可能多地睡觉”和“修剪草坪”更令人兴奋的旅程。根据“than”可知，此处在作比较，空处应用exciting的比较级形式。故填more exciting。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. airflows B. block C. challenges D. cool E. critically F. disproportionately G. principles H. reduces I. sensitive J. site-specific K. stretches
Skywell
A skywell, or “tian jin”, as it is commonly called, is a typical feature of a traditional home in southern and eastern China. Skywells were designed to reduce temperature in buildings well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories and creates____31____by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and harvest rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it____32____out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell.
Architects are now looking towards the____33____behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in the eastern Chinese city of Jinan. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant inner skywell in the middle, which____34____from the fifth to the top floor. The elevators, toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around this channel, which helps improve the lighting and ventilation and____35____the overall energy consumption.
Ancient “green wisdom” such as skywells continue to inspire today’s climate adaptive design and innovations in methods that depend on design and technology to____36____a building without the use of power.
However, there are some____37____for bringing skywells into modern designs. The mechanisms of courtyards facilitating natural lighting, ventilation and rain collection are well known, but applying these methods needs to be____38____. Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, which were____39____dependent on their natural surroundings, adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to be____40____to their project’s context and situation, making it difficult to apply them as a universal solution.
【答案】31. A 32. B
33. G 34. K
35. H 36. D
37. C 38. J
39. E 40. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国古代“天井”如何让住宅保持凉爽，以及它对现代建筑设计的影响。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：由于室外空气通常比室内空气更冷，进入的风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代室内温暖的空气产生气流，室内空气上升并通过开口离开。此处填入名词作宾语，根据后文“which rises and leaves through the opening”可知，需要的词义为“气流”，即 airflows，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：徽州的天井虽小却较高，在炎热的日子里周围的房间挡住了阳光，使得天井底部保持凉爽。此处填入动词与out构成短语，需要的意思为“阻挡”，即block，空处为并列句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，且主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：建筑师在设计新建筑以节能时，现在正在关注天井背后的原理。此处填入名词作宾语，根据下文陈述的建筑National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre的设计原理可知，需要的词义为“原则”，即principle，不止一个原理，应用复数形式，故选G。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：这座18层的玻璃幕墙塔楼中央有一个巨大的内部天井，从第五层一直延伸到顶层。此处填入动词，根据下文“from the fifth to the top floor”可知，需要的词义为“延伸”，即stretch，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语which指代block，为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故选K。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：电梯、厕所和会议室都位于这个通道周围，有助于改善采光和通风，并降低整体能源消耗。此处填入动词，根据“which helps improve the lighting and ventilation”可知，需要的词义为“降低”，即reduce，和上文help并列作谓语，也用三单形式，故选H。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：古老的“绿色智慧”，如天井，继续启发着今天的气候适应性设计和创新方法，这些方法依靠设计和技术而不使用电来给建筑降温。此处填入动词，根据第一段的“Skywells were designed to reduce temperature in buildings well before air-conditioning existed. ”可知，需要的词义为“使凉爽”，即cool，不定式符号to后用动词原形，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：但是将天井引入现代设计也存在一些挑战。此处填入名词作主语，结合下文提到方法的运用需要考虑环境因素可知，将天井引入现代设计也存在一些挑战，即 challenge，可数名词，根据are可知用其复数形式。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：庭院促进自然采光、通风和雨水收集的机制是众所周知的，但应用这些方法需要根据具体场地而定。此处填入形容词作表语，根据下文“Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, ”可知，需要的词义为“特定场地的”，即 site-specific，故选J。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于传统的天井有不同的形状、大小和特征，这些都严重依赖于它们的自然环境，因此在现代建筑中添加天井需要设计师对项目的背景和情况敏感，这使得它们很难作为一个通用的解决方案应用。此处填入副词作状语，需要的词义为“严重地”，即critically，故选E。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由于传统的天井有不同的形状、大小和特征，这些都严重依赖于它们的自然环境，因此在现代建筑中添加天井需要设计师对项目的背景和情况敏感，这使得它们很难作为一个通用的解决方案应用。此处填入形容词作表语，需要的词义为“敏感的”，即 sensitive，be sensitive to“对……敏感”是固定短语。故选I。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Turkey is not my thing, but one dish I cannot live without on Thanksgiving is my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes. I start____41____these potatoes, my annual time release capsule of pure joy in early November. I’m pretty sure I’ve had them at every Thanksgiving since I was a kid, and bites often transport me back to different years and different dining rooms.
How and why is it that certain foods give us so much____42____ And what can be said about the kinds of foods we consider most comforting Science tells us that taste and nutritional content affect how foods make us feel, but certain foods are especially____43____ satisfying for reasons that have little to do with their taste or nutritional content. Much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories they stimulate for us and the people we’re with while we____44____them. Past and present____45____shape the foods we find comforting.
Often, we love food because we have____46____ memories associated with it. My mom’s mashed potatoes (土豆泥) remind me of holiday joy and past reunions with extended family. We are also drawn to foods we were given early in life by people who cared for us, which can help explain our____47____ love for chicken noodle soup, which many parents feed their sick children to make them feel better.
The smell of food can____48____powerful memories, too. The part of the brain responsible for processing smell directly connects to the amygdala, a brain region that processes emotions, and the hippocampus, which handles memory. And our memory for smells is____49____and precise, especially when it comes to smell we were first exposed to in childhood. That’s why you might catch the smell of pumpkin pie baking in the oven and be transported back to the first tine you baked it with your grandmother.
These____50____can go the other way, too. Sometimes you might feel____51____when you eat foods that remind you of loved ones you miss. We may also____52____foods that we associate with bad experiences.
In addition to past memories, the____53____in which we eat foods shapes how much we enjoy them in the moment, and our gustatory (味觉的) experiences can be____54____by a sense of community, a sense of warmth and enjoying it together.I____55____my mom’s Snowy Mashed Potatoes that much more today because I got to eat them with my husband and two children, the three people I love most in the world.
41.
A. cutting down on B. looking forward to C. making for D. putting away
42.
A. perspective B. pleasure C. space D. transition
43.
A. emotionally B. financially C. physically D. visually
44.
A. enjoy B. memorize C. order D. recall
45.
A. company B. menus C. outlook D. recipes
46.
A. cultural B. fond C. photographic D. shared
47.
A. collective B. creative C. lost D. parental
48.
A. awake B. correct C. preserve D. record
49.
A. bitter-sweet B. fresh C. long-lasting D. selective
50.
A. associations B. experiences C. foods D. memories
51.
A. alert B. amazed C. disappointed D. sad
52.
A. avoid B. consume C. store D. swallow
53.
A. area B. background C. context D. emotion
54.
A. enhanced B. offered C. reflected D. weakened
55.
A. adapted B. appreciated C. copied D. digested
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. A 44. A 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者对妈妈做的土豆泥的喜爱以及食物之所以能起到安慰的作用是因为它和回忆有关。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始期待这些土豆，这是我每年11月初释放纯粹快乐的时间胶囊。A. cutting down on削减；B. looking forward to期待；C. making for有利于；D. putting away收起来。根据下文“my annual time release capsule of pure joy”可知，这些土豆可以给作者带来快乐，所以作者很期待。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：某些食物是如何以及为什么会给我们带来如此多的快乐？A. perspective视角；B. pleasure快乐；C. space空间；D. transition过渡。根据上文“release capsule of pure joy”可知，此处表示某些食物会给我们带来如此多的快乐。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：科学告诉我们，食物的味道和营养成分会影响我们对食物的感觉，但某些食物在情感上特别令人满意，原因与它们的味道或营养成分无关。A. emotionally在情感上；B. financially财政上；C. physically身体上；D. visually在视觉上。根据上文“the kinds of foods we consider most comforting”可知，安慰性食物是在情感上令人满意。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从最喜欢的食物中获得的大部分快乐来自于它们给我们和我们一起享受它们的人带来的记忆。A. enjoy享受；B. memorize记住；C. order命令；D. recall回想起。根据上文“favorite foods”和“the people we’re with while we”可知，我们是和其他人一起享受食物。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去和现在的陪伴塑造了我们感到舒适的食物。A. company陪伴；B. menus菜单；C. outlook看法；D. recipes食谱。根据上文“the people we’re with while we___4__them”可知，我们和人一起享受食物，那么此处表示“过去和现在的陪伴塑造了我们感到舒适的食物”。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们喜欢食物是因为我们有与之相关的美好回忆。A. cultural文化的；B. fond美好的；C. photographic摄影的；D. shared共同的。根据上文“Much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories”可知，我们喜欢食物是因为我们有与之相关的美好回忆。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们也会被小时候照顾我们的人给我们的食物所吸引，这有助于解释我们对鸡肉面条的集体喜爱，许多父母给生病的孩子喂鸡汤，让他们感觉好一点。A. collective集体的；B. creative有创造性的；C. lost迷失的；D. parental父母的。根据下文“which many parents feed their sick children to make them feel better”可知，很多父母给生病的孩子喂鸡汤，所以我们对鸡肉面条有集体喜爱。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物的气味也能唤醒强烈的记忆。A. awake唤醒；B. correct纠正；C. preserve保存；D. record记录。根据上文“Much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories”可知，我们从食物中获得的快乐来自于我们的记忆，所以食物的气味能唤醒强烈的记忆。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们对气味的记忆是持久而精确的，尤其是我们在童年时第一次接触到的气味。A. bitter-sweet悲喜交加的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. long-lasting持久的；D. selective选择性的。根据下文“That’s why you might catch the smell of pumpkin pie baking in the oven and be transported back to the first tine you baked it with your grandmother”可知，我们对气味的记忆是持久的。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些联系也可能是相反的。A. associations联系；B. experiences经历；C. foods食物；D. memories回忆。根据上文“The smell of food can___8__powerful memories”可知，食物可以唤醒记忆，此处表示这种联系也可能起相反作用。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，当你吃的食物让你想起你想念的亲人时，你可能会感到悲伤。A. alert警惕的，警觉的；B. amazed惊奇的；C. disappointed失望的；D. sad悲伤的。根据下文“when you eat foods that remind you of loved ones you miss”可知，当人吃的食物让人想起想念的亲人时，人会觉得悲伤。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也可能会避免吃那些让我们联想到不好经历的食物。A. avoid避免；B. consume消耗；C. store储存；D. swallow吞下。根据下文“we associate with bad experiences”可知，人们会避免吃让他们联想到不好经历的食物。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了过去的记忆，我们吃食物的环境决定了我们当下对食物的享受程度，我们的味觉体验可以通过社区感、温暖感和共同享受来增强。A. area区域；B. background背景；C. context环境；D. emotion情绪。根据下文“a sense of community, a sense of warmth and enjoying it together”可知，此处指的是我们吃东西时的几种环境。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了过去的记忆，我们吃食物的环境决定了我们当下对食物的享受程度，我们的味觉体验可以通过社区感、温暖感和共同享受来增强。A. enhanced增强；B. offered提供；C. reflected反映；D. weakened变弱。根据下文“a sense of community, a sense of warmth and enjoying it together”可知，社区感、温暖感和共同享受可以增强我们的味觉体验。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我今天更喜欢我妈妈做的Snowy Mashed Potatoes，因为我要和我的丈夫和两个孩子一起吃，他们是我在这个世界上最爱的三个人。A. adapted适应；B. appreciated欣赏；C. copied复制；D. digested消化。根据下文“because I got to eat them with my husband and two children, the three people I love most in the world”可知，作者和丈夫，孩子一起吃Snowy Mashed Potatoes，所以作者更喜欢了，空格处用appreciate，在此语境中表示“喜欢”。故选B。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
A
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, who together identified a slight chemical change to messenger RNA,were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine this year.
Dr. Karikó, the 13th woman to win the prize, had come to the United States from Hungary two decades earlier when her research program there ran out of money. She was preoccupied by mRNA, which provides instructions to cells to make proteins. Defying the decades old belief that mRNA was clinically unusable, she hold the view that it would stimulate medical innovations.
She and Dr. Weissman had their first chance meeting over a copy machine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1998. At the time, Dr. Weissman was desperate for new approaches to a vaccine (疫苗) against HLV, which bad long proved impossible to defend against. A physician who had tried and failed for years to develop a treatment for AIDS, he wondered if he and Dr. Karikó could team up to make an HIV. vaccine.
For years, they were at a loss. Mice vaccinated with mRNA became inactive. Countless experiments failed. They wandered down one dead end after another, But eventually, the scientists discovered that cells protect their own mRNA with a specific chemical modification (修饰). So they tried making the same change to mRNA manufactured in the lab before vaccinating it into cells It worked.
At first, other scientists were largely uninterested in taking up that new approach to vaccination. But two biotech companies soon took notice: Moderna, in the United States, and BioNTech, in Germany. Then the coronavirus emerged. Almost instantly, Drs. Karikó and Weissman’s work came together with several factors of different research to put vaccine makers ahead of the game in developing shot.
Brian Ferguson, an immunologist at the University of Cambridge, said. “The work of Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman in the years prior to 2020 prevented tens of millions of deaths and helped the world recover from the worst pandemic in a century. They richly deserve this recognition.”
56. The underlined word “defying” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A. challenging B. confirming C. re-emphasizing D. stating
57. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman’s research
A. They teamed up for the treatment for AIDS in Hungary.
B. They protected their mRNA with a chemical modification.
C. They persevered until they made a change to lab-made mRNA.
D. They manufactured mRNA in mice despite their countless failures.
58. According to Brian Ferguson, Dr. Karikó and Dr. Weissman deserve the recognition because .
A. they took no notice of others’ ignorance
B. they caught attention of two biotech companies
C. their work helped avoid the loss of countless lives
D. their work prevented the outbreak of the pandemic
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Chemical Changes Identified in the Pandemic
B Approaches Adopted to Defend Against HLV
C. Nobel Prize Awarded to Covid Vaccine Pioneers
D. mRNA Manufactured in a University Lab in USA
【答案】56. A 57. C 58. C 59. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。Katalin Karikó和Drew Weissman共同发现了信息RNA的轻微化学变化，他们被授予今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。文章解释了他们是如何研发出了针对冠状病毒的疫苗的。
【56题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“the decades old belief that mRNA was clinically unusable, she hold the view that it would stimulate medical innovations”可知，Karikó博士反对mRNA在临床上是不可用的这种观点，认为它将刺激医学创新，即她挑战了认为mRNA在临床上是不可用的的观点。由此可知，划线词意思是“挑战”。故选A。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“They wandered down one dead end after another, But eventually, the scientists discovered that cells protect their own mRNA with a specific chemical modification (修饰). So they tried making the same change to mRNA manufactured in the lab before vaccinating it into cells It worked.(无数的实验都失败了。他们在一个又一个死胡同里徘徊，但最终，科学家们发现细胞通过一种特殊的化学修饰来保护自己的mRNA。因此，他们尝试对实验室制造的mRNA进行同样的改变，然后将其接种到细胞中)”可知，关于Karikó博士和韦斯曼博士的研究，C选项“他们一直坚持，直到他们改变了实验室制造的mRNA”正确。故选C。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The work of Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman in the years prior to 2020 prevented tens of millions of deaths and helped the world recover from the worst pandemic in a century. They richly deserve this recognition.(Katalin Karikó和Drew Weissman在2020年之前的几年里的工作防止了数千万人死亡，并帮助世界从一个世纪以来最严重的流行病中恢复过来。他们理应得到这样的认可)”可知，根据布莱恩·弗格森的说法，Karikó博士和韦斯曼博士应该得到认可，因为他们的工作帮助避免失去无数的生命。故选C。
59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, who together identified a slight chemical change to messenger RNA, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine this year.(Katalin Karikó和Drew Weissman共同发现了信息RNA的轻微化学变化，他们被授予今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖)”结合文章解释了他们是如何研发出了针对冠状病毒的疫苗的。由此可知，C选项“诺贝尔奖授予冠状病毒疫苗先驱”最符合文章标题。故选C。
B
IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS
The rice cooker can be used by children aged from 8 years and above and persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been supervised/instructed and understand the hazards involved, Children shall not play with the appliance. Cleaning and user care shall not be done by children unless they are older than 8 and supervised. Keep the appliance and wire out of reach of children under 8 years.
If the wire is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer, its service agent, or someone similarly qualified, to avoid hazard.
SERVICE
The product isn’t user-serviceable. If it’s not working, read the instructions, check the plug fuse(保险丝)and main fuse. If it’s still not working, consult your retailer(零售商).
If that doesn’t solve the problem - ring Customer Service - they may be able to offer technical advice.
If they advise you to return the product to us, pack it carefully, include a note with your name, address,day phone number, and what’s wrong. If under guaranee, say where and when purchased, and include proof of purchase. Send it to:
Customer Service
Spectrum Brands (UK) Ltd
Fir Street, Failsworith, Manchester M350HS
email: support@
telephone: 0345 658 9700
Please note: If you have purchased the product within the last 6 months, please contact the retailer first to deal with any matters relating to guarantee.
GUARANTEE
Faults affecting product functionality appearing within the guarantee period will be corrected by replacement or repair at our option provided the product is used and maintained in accordance with the instructions. Your legal rights are not affected.
Guarantee period = 2 years from first retail purchase.
To claim an extra 1-year guarantee, register your product online within 28 days of purchase.
Register at: www.rusellhobbs.co.uk/productregister/
Consumables are guaranteed only for their recommended lifecycle. Replacements are excluded and are only covered by a 1-year guarantee.
60. What can 9-year-olds do with the rice cooker
A. They can clean or repair it alone.
B. They can use it with proper instruction.
C. They can play with it as long as it is not in use.
D. They can supervise their younger brothers who use it.
61. Jennifer bought a rice cooker 10 months ago and now there is something wrong with it, what can she do
A. Call her retailer to extend the guarantee period.
B. Self-check the appliance before asking for help.
C. Email to support@ for technical advice.
D. Return the cooker with contact & purchasing information without the recipe.
62. You can replace a faulty rice cooker in the third year from your purchase if.
A. it has been repaired by your retailer or a service agent
B. the product functionality hasn’t been affected seriously
C. you have registered the cooker online as soon as you buy it
D. its consumables are guaranteed for their recommended lifecycle
【答案】60. B 61. B 62. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。这是一个电饭煲的售后说明，就电饭煲保修事宜进行了详细讲解。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“The rice cooker can be used by children aged from 8 years and above and persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been supervised/instructed and understand the hazards involved, Children shall not play with the appliance. Cleaning and user care shall not be done by children unless they are older than 8 and supervised. Keep the appliance and wire out of reach of children under 8 years.(电饭煲可供8岁及以上的儿童和身体、感官或精神能力下降或缺乏经验和知识的人使用，前提是他们已接受监督/指导并了解相关危害。儿童不得玩电饭煲。除非8岁以上的儿童在监督下，否则不得由儿童进行清洁和用户护理。将电器和电线放在8岁以下儿童够不到的地方。)”可知，9岁小孩他们可以在适当的指导下使用电饭煲。故选B项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。由文章SERVICE中“If it’s not working, read the instructions, check the plug fuse(保险丝)and main fuse. If it’s still not working, consult your retailer(零售商).(如果不工作，请阅读说明，检查插头保险丝和主保险丝。如果仍然不起作用，请咨询您的零售商。)”可知，电饭煲出问题后，在寻求帮助之前应自行检查。故选B项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。由文章GUARANTEE中“Guarantee period = 2 years from first retail purchase.To claim an extra 1-year guarantee, register your product online within 28 days of purchase.(保修期=自首次零售购买起2年。要申请额外的1年保修，请在购买后28天内在线注册您的产品。)”可知，如果你一买就在网上注册了电饭煲，你可以在购买后的第三年更换有故障的电饭煲。故选C项。
C
①A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. The accusations in the lawsuit raise a deeper question about behavior: Are young people becoming addicted to social media and the internet Here’s what the research has found.
②David Greenfield, a psychologist and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction in West Hartford, Conn, said the devices tempt users with some powerful approaches. One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. Adults are easily influenced, be noted, but young people are particularly at risk, because the brain regions that are involved in resisting temptation and reward are not nearly as developed in children and teenagers as in adults. Moreover, the adolescent brain is especially accustomed to social connections, and social media is all a perfect opportunity to connect with other people.
③For many years, the scientific community typically defined addiction in relation to substances, such as drugs, and not behaviors, such as gambling or internet use. That has gradually changed. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the official reference for mental health conditions, introduced the idea of internet gaming addiction.
④A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take.
⑤Dr. Michael Rich, the director of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children’s Hospital, said he discouraged the use of the word “addiction” because the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life.
⑥Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet and that the definition of how much is too much can vary. But he said there also were obvious cases where immoderate use disturbs school, sleep and other vital aspects of a healthy life. “Too many young consumers can’t put it down, ” he said.“ The internet, including social media like Meta, are the drugs affecting the mind.”
63. What was Meta accused of
A. It added problematic features to its platform.
B. It started a discussion to mislead young people.
C. It tempted children to use social media too much.
D. It conducted illegal research on its parent company.
64. According to David Greenfield, users tend to be addicted to social media and the internet due to .
A. their under-developed brain
B. the random pattern of rewards
C. their desire to be socially connected
D. the possibility of escaping from reality
65. What can be concluded about the study introduced in Paragraph 4
A. Addiction is something about behaviors instead of substances.
B. The online language can be interpreted from a broad perspective.
C. Current diagnostic criteria of “internet addiction” isn’t satisfactory.
D. There should be an agreement on the definition of the word “internet”.
66. Dr. Michael Rich and David Greenfield both agree that .
A. proper use of the internet does good to children
B. the internet is to blame for disturbing healthy life
C. there are cases against immoderate use of the internet
D. the word “addiction” is improperly used on the internet
【答案】63. C 64. B 65. C 66. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了梅塔被指控诱使儿童过度使用社交媒体，专家研究发现用户使用网络成瘾有多方面因素，但是合理利用网络还是有帮助的。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. (41个州和哥伦比亚特区开始对Facebook、Instagram、WhatsApp和Messenger的母公司Meta提起诉讼，坚称该公司故意使用其平台上的功能，导致儿童过度使用这些功能。)”可知，梅塔被指控诱使儿童过度使用社交媒体。故选C。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. (一种是“间歇性强化”，它创造了用户可以随时获得奖励的想法。但奖励何时到来是不可预测的。)”可知，根据大卫·格林菲尔德的说法，用户倾向于沉迷于社交媒体和互联网是因为奖励的随机模式。故选B。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take.(随后的一项研究探索将定义扩大到“网络成瘾”。作者建议进一步探索诊断标准和语言，例如，注意到“有问题的使用”甚至“互联网”这个词都有广泛的解释，因为信息及其传递可以采取多种形式。)”可知，关于第四段介绍的研究可以得出目前“网络成瘾”的诊断标准并不令人满意。故选C。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life.(因为如果有效地、有限度地使用互联网，它不仅有用，而且是日常生活中必不可少的。)”以及最后一段讲到“Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet (格林菲尔德同意，互联网显然有其有价值的用途)”可知，迈克尔·里奇博士和大卫·格林菲尔德都认为正确使用互联网对孩子有好处。故选A。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Defining Success on Your Own Terms
“You go to college right out of high school. That’s the rule, right ” says Nikki Ivey, a sales trainer and consultant outside Jacksonville, Fla, However, it’s not the case for her. Actually, she got her undergraduate degree at 28. ____67____
One by one, she missed the milestones she’d envisioned in some imaginary dream life: earning six figures by 30, buying a house by 35. Then she hit one- attaining a high-level executive position in a company. She didn’t love the job. She did love sitting around the dinner table laughing with her kids. “____68____” she asked herself. She ended up leaving the job, and started to wonder about all those milestones.
Danielle Ponder had a career as a lawyer before dedicating herself to singing full time. Working as a public defender in Rochester, NY, Danielle Ponder would frequently Google,“Did anyone make it after the age of 35 At one point, she quit her day job, only to return a year and a half later, due to the pandemic and disappointing bookings. On the last day of 2021, five days before her 40 birthday, she tried again. ____69____ “I don’t know if I could survive this happening to me at 19,“ she says. She thinks her insecure teen self wouldn’t have handled the stress of the public eye well.
It can be hard to make a transition later in life.____70____
A. Do I even want them On whose clock
B. Why should you challenge that secret timeline of milestones in your head
C. This time, quitting her job led to her first album, television appearances and sold-out shows.
D. Instead of feeling pressure to hit life events on someone else’s timeline, maybe it’s fine to make our own.
E. People are felling like they’re falling behind, when in fact they’re probably doing exactly what they should.
F. She spent years feeling like an outsider and failure as she watched her peers rise in school and work, figuring she’d never catch up.
【答案】67. F 68. A 69. C 70. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位女性在追寻自己的成功之路上的故事，Nikki Ivey和Danielle Ponder都面临着传统社会规范所制定的时间表，但她们却选择了自己的道路。她们在生活中遇到困难和挑战，但最终意识到成功不应受他人时间表的限制，而是应该根据自己的价值观来定义。
【67题详解】
前文““You go to college right out of high school. That’s the rule, right ” says Nikki Ivey, a sales trainer and consultant outside Jacksonville, Fla, However, it’s not the case for her. Actually, she got her undergraduate degree at 28. (佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔市的销售培训师兼顾问尼基·艾维说，“高中一毕业就去上大学。这是规则，对吧 ”。然而，她的情况并非如此。事实上，她28岁才拿到了本科学位。)”提到了她没有像大多数人一样顺利，F项(多年来，当她看着同龄人在学校和工作中奋起直追时，她感觉自己是个局外人，是个失败者。想着她永远追不上。)承接上文，说明她求学和工作的不容易。故选F项。
【68题详解】
前文“One by one, she missed the milestones she’d envisioned in some imaginary dream life: earning six figures by 30, buying a house by 35. Then she hit one-attaining a high-level executive position in a company. She didn’t love the job. She did love sitting around the dinner table laughing with her kids.(她一个接一个地错过了她在一些想象中的梦想生活中所设想的里程碑：30岁赚六位数，35岁买房子。后来，她成功了：在一家公司获得了高级管理职位。她并不喜欢这份工作。她确实喜欢和孩子们围坐在餐桌旁大笑。)”提到了她的生活状况与轨迹。后文“she asked herself. She ended up leaving the job, and started to wonder about all those milestones.(她问自己。她最终离开了这份工作，并开始怀疑所有这些里程碑。)”提到了经过思考之后，她决定放弃现在的生活。A项(我到底想要这些吗？按照谁的时间表？)承接上文，说明她要改变生活的重心，又指引出了下文的她想要问的问题，she asked herself是提示。故选A项。
【69题详解】
前文“Danielle Ponder had a career as a lawyer before dedicating herself to singing full time. Working as a public defender in Rochester, NY, Danielle Ponder would frequently Google, “Did anyone make it after the age of 35 At one point, she quit her day job, only to return a year and a half later, due to the pandemic and disappointing bookings. On the last day of 2021, five days before her 40 birthday, she tried again.(丹妮尔·庞德在全职唱歌之前曾是一名律师。丹妮尔·庞德是纽约州罗切斯特市的一名公设辩护律师，她经常会在谷歌上搜索：“有人35岁以后还活着吗 ”有一次，她辞去了日常工作，但由于疫情和令人失望的预订，一年半后她才回来。在2021年的最后一天，也就是她40岁生日的前五天，她再次尝试。)”提到了她努力改变生活。后文“ “I don’t know if I could survive this happening to me at 19,“ she says. She thinks her insecure teen self wouldn’t have handled the stress of the public eye well. (她说：“我不知道这些事情在19岁时发生在我身上我是否能挺过。”她认为，没有安全感的青少年时期的自己无法很好地应对公众的压力。)”提到了她对于压力的反应，C项(这一次，她辞掉了工作，推出了她的第一张专辑，在电视上露面，演出场场爆满。)承接上文，她做出了尝试并取得成功，与后文的自我反思相呼应，故选C项。
【70题详解】
前文“It can be hard to make a transition later in life.(在以后的生活中很难做出转变。)”提到了做出转变的艰难，D项(与其在别人的时间表上完成生活事件而感到压力，不如自己制定自己的时间表。)承接上文，说明了改变和不改变都有难处，但改变的好处是可以过上自己喜欢的生活，掌控自己的生活，故选D项。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why companies are hiring "prompt engineers"
With the new generative AI tools, like ChatGPT, anyone can put in a prompt—type in a few words and get a result. But that doesn’t mean that the results will be relevant or accurate.
The key is putting in the right prompt. That’s why some businesses are now hiring prompt engineers-people with the skill, background and practice to talk to so-called large-language AI systems effectively and why many people expect prompt engineering to be a desirable skill for many kinds of workers to add to their resumes.
In general, the more detailed the request, the closer the response will come to what the user is looking for. But the most effective prompt engineering goes beyond adding detail.
For one thing, adding the right detail to get the best response is crucial. Also, there are many ways to guide how an AI system presents the information it finds, depending on the goal-tellinlg it to write in a certain style or for a certain audience, for instance. Each tool also has particular capabilities and limitations that users can learn to tackle. And the best results often come from an extended conversation with the AI, reacting to what it produces and asking for refinements.
Even for people applying to jobs that don’t clearly mention prompt engineering, having this skill could become essential for all sorts of roles. Art directors could use generative AI to outline ideas, and marketers could use it to develop new slogans. Software engineers could use it to find problems with their code. Lawyers could use it to research a piece of law. This is going to be a foundational skill that all of us need to know. The through line is when you learn a new skill, you can take it in any direction you like.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Companies recruits prompt engineers because the new AI tools can't give accurate results. To get the best results, correct details, various methods to guide system, and a long dialogue are needed. However, the key is to input correct prompts—engineers’ ability to talk to the systems effectively, which is essential for all roles, taking you in any direction.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新生人工智能工具在搜索时不能给出相关的或者准确的结果，因此许多公司招聘提示工程师。他们能够输入正确的提示，有效地与所谓的大型语言人工智能系统交谈。这一技能在各种工作角色中是必不可少的。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①The key is putting in the right prompt. That’s why some businesses are now hiring prompt engineers-people with the skill, background and practice to talk to so-called large-language AI systems effectively.
②For one thing, adding the right detail to get the best response is crucial. Also, there are many ways to guide how an AI system presents the information it finds. And the best results often come from an extended conversation with the AI, reacting to what it produces and asking for refinements.
③But the most effective prompt engineering goes beyond adding detail.
④Even for people applying to jobs that don’t clearly mention prompt engineering, having this skill could become essential for all sorts of roles.
2.缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行重组，将第1、4个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Companies recruits prompt engineers because the new AI tools can't give accurate results.
To get the best results, correct details, various methods to guide system, and a long dialogue are needed.
However, the key is to input correct prompts—engineers’ ability to talk to the systems effectively, which is essential for all roles, taking you in any direction.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Companies recruits prompt engineers because the new AI tools can't give accurate results. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】However, the key is to input correct prompts—engineers’ ability to talk to the systems effectively, which is essential for all roles, taking you in any direction. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句以及现在分词taking充当伴随状语)
第II卷（共40分）
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 参观这家博物馆能带你回到20世纪30年代。(visit)(汉译英)
【答案】Visiting this museum can take you back to the 1930s.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和非谓语动词。表示“参观”应用动词visit；表示“把某人带回到”短语为take sb back to；表示“博物馆”的名词为museum；本句主语是“参观这家博物馆”，应使用动名词；根据句意可知本句应使用一般现在时，需要情态动词can。故翻译为Visiting this museum can take you back to the 1930s。
73. 新软件能够以超出预期的速度处理数据。(capable) (汉译英)
【答案】New software is capable of processing data faster than expected.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是“新软件”，翻译为new software，不可数，“能够做某事”为短语be capable of doing sth.，“处理”为动词process，位于介词of后应用动名词形式，“数据”为名词data，是复数形式表示泛指，“超出预期的速度”翻译为faster than expected，其中faster修饰动词processing，故整句翻译为New software is capable of processing data faster than expected.
74. 超市离我家步行就能到达，买日用品非常方便。(As) (汉译英)
【答案】As the supermarket is within walking distance of my home, it is very convenient to buy daily necessities.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语和固定句型。根据句意可知，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，表示“超市离我家步行就能到达”为原因状语从句，根据提示使用as引导，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“超市”应为the supermarket作主语，表示“离我家步行就能到”应为within walking distance of my home，该句的谓语动词为系动词is，所以该状语从句应译为As the supermarket is within walking distance of my home；表示“买日用品非常方便”可用固定句型it is+adj+to do sth.，it是形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语，表示“方便的”应为convenient，作表语，谓语动词为is，表示“买日用品”应为to buy daily necessities作真正的主语，所以，主句应译为it is very convenient to buy daily necessities。综上，故翻译为As the supermarket is within walking distance of my home, it is very convenient to buy daily necessities.
75. 他之所以能成为一名家喻户晓的体育明星，不仅仅是因为他在球场上酣畅淋漓的表现，更是因为他的努力和谦虚。(not only) (汉译英)
【答案】The reason why he can become a household sports star is not only because of his smooth performance on the court, but also because of his hard work and modesty.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。表示“……是因为……”句型为The reason why ... is（that）...，其中why引导限制性定语从句；主语为he，“成为一名家喻户晓的体育明星”可翻译为become a household sports star，根据提示可知，可使用固定句型not only...but also...，意为“不仅……而且……”，“因为……”可使用固定短语because of，后接名词或名词短语，“在球场上酣畅淋漓的表现”可翻译为his smooth performance on the court，“他的努力和谦虚”可翻译为his hard work and modesty。根据语境可知，该句陈述一般事实，可使用一般现在时。故翻译为The reason why he can become a household sports star is not only because of his smooth performance on the court, but also because of his hard work and modesty.
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为“我的2023”的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。在文中，你必须：1.描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情；2.说明这件事对你的意义。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As a senior student at Mingqi High School, I have experienced many memorable moments this year that have contributed to my personal growth. Among them, participating in the school’s Model United Nations (MUN) conference stands out vividly.
Attending the MUN conference was an eye-opening experience for me. Through intensive research and preparation, I gained a deeper understanding of global issues and developed important skills such as public speaking and negotiation.
It taught me the importance of diplomacy, critical thinking, and teamwork. Moreover, it helped me realize the power of effective communication in solving conflicts and finding solutions to complex problems. This experience has undoubtedly shaped my character, making me more adaptable and globally aware.
In conclusion, my participation in the MUN conference has been an valuable experience in 2023. It has not only enhanced my knowledge but also equipped me with essential skills for the future.
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达是开放性作文，假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为“我的2023”的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。文章中需要包含以下内容：1.描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情；2.说明这件事对你的意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→crucial
合作：teamwork→cooperation
交流：communication→interaction
解决：solve→settle
2.句式拓展
改成倒装句
原句：It has not only enhanced my knowledge but also equipped me with essential skills for the future.
拓展句：Not only has it enhanced my knowledge but also equipped me with essential skills for the future.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a senior student at Mingqi High School, I have experienced many memorable moments this year that have contributed to my personal growth. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句。)
【高分句型2】This experience has undoubtedly shaped my character, making me more adaptable and globally aware. (运用了现在分词making 作结果状语。)

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