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2024英语寒假作业·高二年级
第2周 第5天
【外刊精读】
原文
OpenAI has announced a major upgrade to the technology that underpins ChatGPT, the seemingly magical online tool that professionals have been using to draft emails, write blog posts and more. If you think of ChatGPT as a car, the new language model known as GPT-4 adds a more powerful engine. It ushers in a new era of hyper-efficiency, where professionals will have to work smarter and faster — or perish.
There is no better example of this than Morgan Stanley, which has been using GPT-4 since last year. According to an announcement by the bank on Tuesday, Morgan Stanley trained GPT-4 on thousands of papers published by its analysts on capital markets, asset classes, industry analysis and more, to create a chatbot for its own wealth advisers. About 200 staff at the bank have been using it daily, the company said.
Morgan Stanley analytics chief Jeff McMillan said the effort will also further enrich the relationship between Morgan Stanley advisors and their clients by enabling them to assist more people more quickly.
How much more quickly A spokesperson for Morgan Stanley says its advisers can now do in seconds what they used to do in half an hour, such as looking at an analyst’s note to advise a client on the performance of certain companies and their shares.
Powerful AI systems like GPT-4 aren’t going to replace large swaths of professional workers, as many have instinctively feared. But they will put them under greater pressure to be more productive and faster at what they do. They will raise the bar on what is considered acceptable output and usher in an era of ultra-efficiency unlike anything we’ve seen before.
That is what partly happened to professional translators and interpreters. As artificial intelligence tools like Google Translate and DeepL grew in popularity among business customers, many translators feared they would be replaced. Instead, they were expected to increase their output.
Before the advent of translation tools, a professional would be expected to translate between 1,000 and 2,000 words a day, according to Nuria Llanderas, who has been a professional interpreter for more than 20 years. “Now they are expected to manage 7,000,” she says. Her industry peers have predicted more AI systems will start supporting them on simultaneous translation, but that could also mean more work for the human translators in practice, checking that the machine’s output isn’t wrong.
It will also raise the bar on the humans’ performance. “With the extra help you have no excuses to leave anything out,” Llanderas adds.
Much of this is typical of the march of technology. Smartphones allowed us to be connected to work at all times. Slack allowed us to communicate with more people inside a company, more seamlessly. But such tools also kept us further chained to work, squeezing out minutes in the day that workers might have used in the past for contemplation, strategic thinking or just taking a breather.
GPT-4 clearly has the potential to wring more value out of human workers, but it may well come at the cost of our mental energy. However brilliant these models become, watch out for how they might take you a tiny step closer to burnout.
（节选自Bloomberg）
文本精读
OpenAI has announced a major upgrade to the technology that underpins ChatGPT, the seemingly magical online tool that professionals have been using to draft emails, write blog posts and more. If you think of ChatGPT as a car, the new language model known as GPT-4 adds a more powerful engine. It ushers in a new era of hyper-efficiency, where professionals will have to work smarter and faster — or perish.
underpin v. 加强，巩固，构成
usher in 开启，开创
perish v. 死亡；毁灭，消亡
请翻译上文：
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There is no better example of this than Morgan Stanley, which has been using GPT-4 since last year. According to an announcement by the bank on Tuesday, Morgan Stanley trained GPT-4 on thousands of papers published by its analysts on capital markets, asset classes, industry analysis and more, to create a chatbot for its own wealth advisers. About 200 staff at the bank have been using it daily, the company said.
请翻译上文：
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Morgan Stanley analytics chief Jeff McMillan said the effort will also further enrich the relationship between Morgan Stanley advisors and their clients by enabling them to assist more people more quickly.
请翻译上文：
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How much more quickly A spokesperson for Morgan Stanley says its advisers can now do in seconds what they used to do in half an hour, such as looking at an analyst’s note to advise a client on the performance of certain companies and their shares.
请翻译上文：
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Powerful AI systems like GPT-4 aren’t going to replace large swaths of professional workers, as many have instinctively feared. But they will put them under greater pressure to be more productive and faster at what they do. They will raise the bar on what is considered acceptable output and usher in an era of ultra-efficiency unlike anything we’ve seen before.
swath n. 长而宽的一条
instinctively adv. 本能地，直觉地
请翻译上文：
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That is what partly happened to professional translators and interpreters. As artificial intelligence tools like Google Translate and DeepL grew in popularity among business customers, many translators feared they would be replaced. Instead, they were expected to increase their output.
grow / gain /increase in popularity 开始流行
请翻译上文：
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Before the advent of translation tools, a professional would be expected to translate between 1,000 and 2,000 words a day, according to Nuria Llanderas, who has been a professional interpreter for more than 20 years. “Now they are expected to manage 7,000,” she says. Her industry peers have predicted more AI systems will start supporting them on simultaneous translation, but that could also mean more work for the human translators in practice, checking that the machine’s output isn’t wrong.
advent n. 出现；到来
manage v. 设法做到；解决
simultaneous adj. 同时发生的
请翻译上文：
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It will also raise the bar on the humans’ performance. “With the extra help you have no excuses to leave anything out,” Llanderas adds.
请翻译上文：
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Much of this is typical of the march of technology. Smartphones allowed us to be connected to work at all times. Slack allowed us to communicate with more people inside a company, more seamlessly. But such tools also kept us further chained to work, squeezing out minutes in the day that workers might have used in the past for contemplation, strategic thinking or just taking a breather.
march n. 发展；行进 v. 行军；示威游行
seamlessly adv. 无缝地；顺利地
contemplation n. 深思
breather n. 短暂的休息
请翻译上文：
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GPT-4 clearly has the potential to wring more value out of human workers, but it may well come at the cost of our mental energy. However brilliant these models become, watch out for how they might take you a tiny step closer to burnout.
wring v. 拧干，绞干；费力弄到
at the cost of 以……为代价
watch out for 小心，留神，注意
burnout n. 精疲力竭；燃尽
请翻译上文：
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参考答案：
OpenAI宣布ChatGPT的技术支撑有了重大升级，ChatGPT是一款看似很神奇的在线工具，专业人士一直使用它来起草电子邮件、撰写博客文章等。如果你把ChatGPT看作一辆汽车，那么名为GPT-4的新语言模型就是给这辆汽车添加了一个更强大的引擎。它开启了一个超高效率的新时代，在这个时代，专业人士必须更聪明、更快速地工作，否则就会被淘汰。
这方面最好的例子莫过于摩根士丹利，该公司自去年以来一直在使用GPT-4。根据其周二发布的一份声明，摩根士丹利利用其分析师发表的数千篇关于资本市场、资产类别、行业分析等方面的论文训练了GPT-4，为公司的财富顾问创建了一个聊天机器人。摩根士丹利表示，约有200名银行员工每天都在使用它。
摩根士丹利分析主管杰夫·麦克米兰表示，此举还将进一步加深摩根士丹利顾问和客户之间的关系，使他们能够更快地帮助更多的人。
有多快呢？摩根士丹利的一位发言人称，过去需要半小时才能完成的工作（比如查看分析师就某些公司及其股票的表现为客户提供建议的报告），现在他们的顾问几秒钟就能完成。
像GPT-4这样强大的人工智能系统并不会像许多人本能地担心的那样取代大量的专业工作者，但会让他们承受更大的压力，迫使他们更高效、更快速地完成工作。这些人工智能将提高可接受产出的标准，并开启一个我们以前从未见过的超高效率时代。
这在一定程度上就是专业口笔译人员的遭遇。随着谷歌翻译和DeepL等人工智能工具在企业客户中越来越受欢迎，许多译员担心他们会被取代。但情况相反，他们被期望增加产出。
从事口译工作20多年的努里亚·兰德拉斯说，在翻译工具出现之前，一名专业译员每天要翻译1000到2000词。她表示：“现在，他们被期望每天翻译7000词。”她的业内同行预测，将会有更多的人工智能系统开始为他们做同声传译提供支持，但这也可能意味着在实践中，人工译员需要做更多的工作，以检查机器的输出是否正确。
人工智能还将提高人类的绩效标准。“有了额外的帮助，你就没有借口不做任何事情了。”兰德拉斯补充道。
这在很大程度上是技术进步的必然结果。智能手机让我们可以随时处理工作。Slack（企业级通讯软件）让我们能够与公司内部的更多人无缝沟通。但这些工具也让我们进一步被工作拴住，连员工过去可能用来沉思、战略思考或只是休息的一点点时间都被榨干了。
GPT-4显然有潜力从人类工作者身上榨取更多价值，但它很可能以消耗我们的精力为代价。无论这些语言模型变得多么出色，都要小心它们会让你离过度劳累更近一点。

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