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UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
背景介绍
职业选择是个人对于自己就业方向的挑战和确定，是人们真正进入社会生活领域的重要环节。正确的职业选择将有利于发挥自己的天赋，创造更大的成就，实现个人目标。
The saying “Choose a job you love, and you'll never have to work a day in your life” puts a great deal of pressure on people who are trying to choose a right career.Can you really find one that is so enjoyable that it won't even feel like work
Well, no matter how much effort you put into picking an occupation, there are days when it will feel like work.However, sometimes you will think “I would do this even if I didn't get paid.”The trick is to choose a career that has many more great days than ones that aren't so great.
First, what matters most in finding a job is to learn as much as possible about yourself, for example, your advantages and disadvantages.If you think you know all there is to know, the results of self-assessment will be eye-opening.A career development professional, for example, a career adviser, can help you with this step but don't be discouraged if you can't afford to hire one.
Next, you should learn about the occupations on your list.The results of your self-assessment will include a list of occupations that are suitable for you, but the quest(追求) for the right career doesn't end here.While some of the occupations may be nearly perfect for you, others may be all wrong.Even though they are a good match for your personality type, interests, values and aptitude, they may be unsuitable in other ways.For example, the job duties may not appeal to you, or the required education or training could be more than you are willing to complete.
The third is to make an informed decision by exploring each of the careers on you list.Read descriptions of the occupations and ignore your preconceived(事先形成的) ideas.Unless you have personal experience or have done prior research, there's still a lot to learn before you can decide whether a career would be right for you.
After narrowing down your list to just a few careers, it is time to dig a little deeper.Continue your research by conducting informational interviews with people who take up the occupations you are seriously considering.Asking their advice can help you make a wiser decision.
1．According to the passage, what is the most important factor as to finding a career
Knowing your own strengths and weaknesses.
解析：根据第三段中的“what matters most in finding a job is to learn as much as possible about yourself... disadvantage”可知，在找工作时，最重要的是要了解自己，如自己的优点和缺点。
2．Which can be the best title for the passage B
A．How to Make an Informed Decision
B．How to Choose a Right Career
C．How to Know Yourself Better
D．How to Make a List of Careers
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者主要针对如何找到一份适合自己的职业提出了几项建议，故B项适合作文章标题。故选B。
词海拾贝
self-assessment n．自我评估(或评价)
discouraged adj.灰心的，丧气的
informed adj.有学问的，有见识的
美句欣赏
Unless you have personal experience or have done prior research, there's still a lot to learn before you can decide whether a career would be right for you.(Para.5)
译文：除非你有个人经验或事先做过研究，否则在你决定一个职业是否适合你之前，你还有很多东西要学。
1．career aptitude test职业能力倾向测验
职业能力倾向测验是能力(倾向)测验的一种。它通过系统的测试过程和评分标准，对被测试者的组织管理、社会交往、个性特点、职业倾向、发展潜能等多种素质进行综合评价。这种测验旨在发现被测试者更感兴趣、更有潜力的学习或职业方向，为其在学习和工作上的选择提供参考。
2．EQ是Emotional Quotient的英文缩写，意思是“情感商数”，简称“情商”，是一个人自我情绪管理以及管理他人情绪的能力指数，它代表的是一个人的情绪智力。第一个使用“EQ”这个术语的人是心理学家鲁文·巴昂(Reuven Bar-On)，他在1988年设计了一份专门测验EQ的问卷，根据他的定义，EQ包括那些能影响我们适应环境的情绪及社交能力，其中有五大项。(1)自我EQ。(2)人际EQ。(3)适应力。(4)压力管理能力。(5)一般情绪状态(乐观度、快乐感)。
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.重点单词
A)单词拼写
1. bounce vt.& vi.(使)弹起；上下晃动　n．弹性；弹跳；活力
2. breast n．乳房；胸部
3. hydrogen n．氢；氢气
4. radium n．镭
5. wrist n．手腕；腕关节
6. geometry n．几何学；几何图形
7. debt n．债务；欠款
8. profile n．简介；概述；侧面轮廓　vt.扼要介绍；概述；写简介
9. estate n．庄园；住宅区；工业区
10. spy n．密探；间谍　vi.从事间谍活动　vt.突然看见；发现
B)词形转换
1. lawyer n．律师→ law n．法律
2. drawer n．抽屉→ draw vt.画；拉；吸引
3. participant n．参加者→ participate vi.参加，参与→ participation n．参加，参与
4. detective n．侦探；警探→ detect 　v．觉察，看穿
5. bridegroom n．新郎→ bride n．新娘
Ⅱ.高频短语
1. bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
2. head start 起步前的优势
3. a chest of drawers 抽屉柜
4. pay off the debts 还清债务
5．a variety of 各种各样的
6．provide sb. with sth. 提供给某人某物
7．spy on 暗中监视；侦查
8．in years to come 在将来的几年内
9．be suited to/for 适合
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is, “What do you do？”
作为一个成年人，当你遇到一个新朋友时，首先被问的问题之一是：“你是做什么的？”
2．This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.
这是因为你的职业是你是谁的一个非常重要的组成部分。
3．The best time to start thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education.
开始考虑可能的职业生涯的最佳时机是在你还在上学的时候，在你对你的进一步教育做出任何选择之前。
4．I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.
我真希望我能多想想我真正想做的事。
5．However, it is important to remember that they are only meant for guidance.
然而，重要的是要记住它们只是用于指导。
Ⅳ.课文解读
Step 1　Fast-reading
1．What's the main idea of the passage B
A．The answer to the question what you do.
B．Career aptitude tests，a useful tool for career suggestions.
C．An example of career aptitude tests.
D．The best time to start considering possible careers.
2．Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph. EAGBFCD
Para.1　 A．The best time to think about future careers.
Para.2 B．There are many kinds of career aptitude tests.
Para.3 C．The test helps to get your future targets.
Para.4 D．Find your really passionate career.
Para.5 E．Young people should think about their future career.
Para.6 F．How the test helps the participants.
Para.7 G．Career aptitude test helps to get insight on a possible career path.
Step 2　Careful reading
(Ⅰ)Judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．
1．Making choices about your further career is not always easy.( T )
2．Taking a career aptitude test is helpful for your future career.( T )
3．The career aptitude tests online are all free of charge.( F )
4．Most of the career aptitude tests focus on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios.( F )
5．While completing these sorts of tests，honesty is the best policy.( T )
(Ⅱ) Choose the best answer.
1．Why are you asked a question about your work by a new person C
A．Because it is a very important question.
B．Because he wants to do the same work as yours.
C．Because your job is part of your life.
D．Because he is interested in your work.
2．What is the best time to think about your possible careers D
A．After you graduate from the college.
B．When you are married.
C．When you are a college student.
D．When you are at school.
3．A career aptitude test can help you EXCEPT A .
A．letting you regret about what you have done
B．suggesting some suitable careers
C．providing you with a better chance of finding a favourite job
D．telling you about your strengths and interests
4．What is important when completing the tests D
A．The questions are about your personal interests and attitudes.
B．They focus on your work scenarios.
C．They will ask questions about being a librarian or a lawyer.
D．You are supposed to be honest about your answers.
5．Which score(s) can be used to make a code that indicates the participant's work personality B
A．The top six scores.　 B．The top three scores.
C．The top one score. D．The top two scores.
重 点 单 词
1.bounce vt.& vi. (使)弹起；上下晃动　n. 弹性；弹跳；活力
D?典型例句
The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.
球弹了两次他才接到。
She bounced the ball against the wall.
她对着墙打球。
Her hair bounced as she walked.
她走起路来头发上下晃动。
The ball gave a high bounce.
那球弹得很高。
S?思维拓展
bounce back恢复健康(或信心等)；重整旗鼓
bounce off反弹；透露；试探(某人对某一新设想的意见)，大发议论
bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
on the bounce接连；连续；相继
Q?巧学助记
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①Short sound waves bounce off even small objects.
②The light bounced (bounce) off the river and dazzled her.
③We've won six matches on the bounce.
④He's had a lot of problems, but he always seems to bounce back pretty quickly.
⑤All at once, the three children's faces lit up, and they began to bounce around in the back seat, laughing and chattering.
2.debt n．债务；欠款
D?典型例句
He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他可不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。
Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.
他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸进行失败的斗争。
She was in debt when she was poor, but she has been out of debt since she got rich.
以前她穷的时候欠了债，可是自从富了以后她就不再负债了。
I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the village.
我得在离开这个村子之前还清我所有的欠款。
S?思维拓展
be in debt to sb.＝be in sb.'s debt欠某人的钱
in debt负债
out of debt不欠债
get/run/fall into debt负债
pay off one's debt偿清某人债务
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①We'll run into debt if you spend more than our income.
②He's in debt to the bank because he bought that big house.
完成句子
③But he was deeply in debt during the past decade.
他在过去的十年里欠了很多债。
④His business failed，which made him fall/run/get into debt .
他的生意失败了，这使得他负债累累。
⑤After all these years，we've at last paid off all our debts .
经过这么多年，我们总算把债还清了。
3.participant n．参与者；参加者
D?典型例句
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them.
你会听到这些参与者的故事，并了解哪些策略对他们有效。
If you have time，please answer a comment of another participant.
如果你有时间，请答复另外一个参与者的评论。
S?思维拓展
(1)participant in sth.某事的参与者
active participant积极参与者
(2)participate in参加
participate with sb. in...与某人分担……
actively participate主动参与
Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in competitions regularly.
两队每天都要训练两小时，并定期参加比赛。
I am honored to participate with you in this opening ceremony.
我很荣幸和你一同参与这次开幕式。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①The participants (participate) are required to perform the English programmes in ten minutes.
②As scheduled, we participated in several instructive activities.
③You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.
④I sincerely hope that the festival will be a great success and I'm looking forward to your participation (participate).
4.orient vt.使适应；使面对；确定方向　adj.东方的　n．东方国家
D?典型例句
It took him some time to orient himself in his new school.
他经过了一段时间才熟悉新学校的环境。
The mountaineers found it hard to orient themselves in the fog.
登山者在大雾中很难辨认方向。
The course was oriented towards/to foreign students.
该课程专为外国学生开设。
We must orient our work to the needs of the people.
我们必须使自己的工作适应人民的需要。
The people in the Orient are mainly yellow or brown.
东方国家的人种主要是黄色或棕色的。
S?思维拓展
orient oneself确定自己所在的位置；熟悉环境
be oriented towards/to...为……而开设
orient... to the needs of sb.使……适应某人的需要
orient... to new conditions使……适应新环境
J?即学即练
完成句子
①He oriented himself by finding a familiar landscape.
他寻见一处熟悉的景色，从而确定自己所处的方位。
②We must orient our ideas to new conditions .
我们必须使我们的观念适应新环境。
③They love paintings from the Orient .
他们喜欢来自东方的绘画。
5.accountant n．会计；会计师　account v．认为；说明；总计有 n．账目；说明；计算；(银行)账户
D?典型例句
The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars could also account for the increase.
新技术的应用和电影明星的广泛吸引力也可以说明增长的原因。
They now need to take account of the extent of firms' data assets when assessing the impact of deals.
现在，在评估交易的影响时，他们需要把公司数据资产的规模考虑进去。
We should on no account give up the plan.
→On no account should we give up the plan.
我们决不应该放弃这个计划。
She has an appointment with her accountant.
她和她的会计师有个约会。
S?思维拓展
account for说明；做出解释；是……的原因；占……(比例)
on account of由于；因为
on no account绝不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)
take account of＝take... into account/consideration考虑到……，把……考虑进去
Q?巧学助记
表示“决不”的短语还有：in no case, at no time, in no sense, in no way, by no means, on no condition, under/in no circumstances, on no consideration, on no occasion.
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.
②It would probably require you to hire an accountant (account)．
③Personal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken into account.
④The president declined to deliver the speech himself on account of a sore throat.
完成句子
⑤On no account can we tolerate violence against children.
我们决不容忍对儿童的暴力行为。
6.spy n．密探；间谍　vi.从事间谍活动 vt.突然看见；发现
D?典型例句
He was sent to spy on the enemy's movements.
他被派去侦察敌人的行动。
You've probably been sent here to spy out my latest designs.
你可能是被派来打探我的最新设计的。
S?思维拓展
spy on sth./sb. 暗中监视；侦查
spy out 秘密监视
spy into 侦查
spy out the land 侦察地形；查看情况
spy satellite/plane 侦察卫星/飞机
Q?巧学助记
spy后常跟on sb.表示“暗中监视某人”。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①The two countries spy on each other.
②You'd better not spy into others’personal affairs.
③The scout was sent to spy out the land.
重 点 短 语
1.head start 起步前的优势
D?典型例句
Being able to speak French gave her a head start over the other candidates.
会说法语使她比其他候选人占优势。
A good education gives your child a head start in life.
良好的教育会让你的孩子在人生的起跑线上比别人领先一步。
S?思维拓展
head start on/over sb.领先于某人
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①These businessmen have had a head start over/on most of their Eastern European neighbors.
②Even with his head start, she caught up with him.
③And they've got a head start on/over you.
④We want him to have a head start for college.
2.focus(...) on/upon集中(……)于，聚焦(……)于
D?典型例句
(2023·全国乙卷)You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity.
你重视进步，注重工作的质量而不是数量。
I regret not having focused my mind on the fleet.
我后悔没把心思放在舰队上。
If we find those materials interesting, we'll focus our attention on them for long.
如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们上面。
S?思维拓展
集中(……)于，聚焦(……)于
focused adj.注意力集中的
in focus焦距对准；清晰
out of focus焦距没对准；模糊
bring...into focus使……成为焦点
the focus of……的焦点
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①You should stop focusing on/upon who to blame and start fixing on/upon how to improve the situation.
②With all his attention focused (focus) on his study, no wonder he has made great achievement.
③Anxious all the time, I was unable to stay focused (focus) in class for 20 minutes.
补全句子
④By focusing on/upon (关注，注重) saving water and electricity, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.
3.be based on/upon以……为基础/依据
D?典型例句
(2023· 新高考全国Ⅱ卷)My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners.
我的建议是根据学生的语言能力来分组，或者让学生自己选择合作伙伴。
Instead, you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.
相反，你应该基于你的能力和技能设定目标。
One should always base his opinion on facts.
一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。
They found the plane at the base of the mountain.
他们在山脚下发现了飞机。
S?思维拓展
base...on...以……为……的基础
at the base of在……的底部；在……的基点
J?即学即练
完成句子
①We camped at the base of the mountain.
②In my diary，I set down a series of things that are all based on/upon facts.
③If you base an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
4.in conclusion总而言之；综上所述
D?典型例句
In conclusion, more and more people fall in love with foreign language and culture.
综上所述，有越来越多的人喜爱国外的文化和语言。
In conclusion(To conclude)，I really wish that I knew more about art before.
总之，我真的希望我以前对艺术有更多的了解。
S?思维拓展
(1)conclude...from...从……中得出/推断出……
conclude...with...以……结束
to conclude 总而言之；最后
(2) draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论
in conclusion 最后；总之
make a conclusion 下结论
表“总之”的其他常见英语短语：
in a/one word；in short；in brief；in summary
all in all
to conclude
to sum up
From the evidence I could draw/come to/arrive at/reach the conclusion that you're wrong.
→I could conclude that you're wrong from the evidence.
根据这些证据，我可以断定你错了。
Or even more to the point, conclude your speech with“Thanks for your time.”
或者更重要的是，用“谢谢您的时间”来结束你的演讲。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①Let me conclude my speech with a saying，“No pains, no gains.”
② To conclude (conclude), I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
→ In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
③We came to the conclusion (conclude) that where there is a will, there is a way.
5.be meant for专为……准备
D?典型例句
These chairs are meant for the disabled.
这些椅子是专为残疾人准备的。
S?思维拓展
be meant to do sth.旨在做某事；注定做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean a lot/a great deal to sb.对某人意义重大
Tablets are meant to help you learn, not to play games.
平板电脑的目的是帮助你学习，而不是玩游戏。
Your friendship means a great deal to me.
你的友情对我来说很珍贵。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①These books are not meant for primary school students.
②Maybe I was meant to play (play) the piano, and then I stopped running away.
③I'm terribly sorry，but I didn't mean to upset (upset) your plan.
④Now get a seat for the concert even though it means standing (stand) in line all night.
补全句子
⑤These flowers are meant for (专为……准备) you.
重 点 句 型
1.As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is, “What do you do？”
作为一个成年人，当你遇到一个新朋友时，首先被问的问题之一是：“你是做什么的？”
J?句式分析
(1)句中one of the first questions 作主语，is是系动词，“What do you do？”在句中作表语。you are asked when meeting someone new为定语从句，修饰限定先行词one of the first questions。
(2)when meeting someone new为时间状语从句的省略。完整形式为when you are meeting someone new。在英语中，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，同时从句谓语又含有系动词be时，可将从句的主语和系动词be一同省略，而保留原连词，形成“连词＋分词(或形容词)”的形式。
When you do this exercise, make changes in the sentence structure when/if(it is)necessary.
当你做这个练习时，必要时可以改动句子结构。
He is very good at painting, though(he is)very young.
他虽然很年轻，但很会画画。
The boy looked as if(he was)afraid of nothing.
那男孩看起来好像什么都不怕。
If(it is)necessary, we shall send a telegram home.
如果有必要，我们就给家里发电报。
Whenever(it is)possible, he will come to my help.
如果可能的话，他会来帮助我的。
(2022·1月浙江卷)One day, while (she was)driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost.
一天，当她在家附近开车时，她看到一条狗在路上游荡，显然是迷路了。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①Video games can be a poor influence if left (leave) in the wrong hands.
②If accepted (accept)for the job, you'll be informed soon.
③China's way of protecting its environment while feeding (feed) its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide”，says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
句型转换
④He fell asleep while he was reading.
→He fell asleep while reading .
⑤When he was asked，he kept silent.
→ When asked ，he kept silent.
⑥If it is necessary，I'll come.
→ If necessary ，I'll come.
2.This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.
这是因为你的职业是你是谁的一个非常重要的组成部分。
J?句式分析
because引导表语从句。表语从句中who you are是宾语从句，作of的宾语。
This is because they must share expensive facilities.
这是因为，他们必须共享昂贵的设施。
Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest.
也许这是因为黑客们本质上是诚实的。
S?思维拓展
because引导表语从句时， 主语不能是reason。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①It is because China's young people are now more confident about their own culture.
②Part of the reason is that we are facing our problems in the wrong way.
3.The best time to start thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education.
开始考虑可能的职业生涯的最佳时机是在你还在上学的时候，在你对你的进一步教育做出任何选择之前。
J?句式分析
(1)to start thinking about possible careers 为不定式作定语修饰The best time。
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.
我让他选择是否参选，让他自己决定。
The captain was the last to leave the sinking ship.
船长是最后一个离开那艘正在下沉的船的。
不定式作定语时，若构成不定式的动词是不及物动词，且与所修饰的名词存在动宾关系，则不定式后应加适当的介词。
He is a pleasant fellow to work with.
他是个很好共事的人。
We have a warm room to live in.
我们有间温暖的屋子可以住。
(2)while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education为while 引导的表语从句。while意为“在……期间；当……的时候”。
We must have been burgled while we were asleep.
我们睡着时一定有贼入室盗窃了。
Her parents died while she was still at school.
她还在读书时父母就去世了。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①The world mathematics conference to take (take) place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success.
②Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared she had no plans to retire (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
完成句子
③Mommy, you don't need to stay while we talk.
妈妈，我们谈话时你不必陪着。
④Jim Coulters will mind the store while I'm away.
我不在的时候吉姆·库尔特斯会照看店铺的。
⑤Sailors hung about while they waited to ship out.
水手们在等待离港的时候四处闲逛。
4.I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.
我真希望我能多想想我真正想做的事。
J?句式分析
本句使用的是wish后跟宾语从句，从句用的是虚拟语气，对过去事情的虚拟，谓语动词用过去完成时。
He wished that he had asked her；he wished that he had inquired her name.
他真希望自己问过她；他真希望曾经问过她的名字。
(2022·1月浙江卷)I sincerely wish we could keep in touch with each other.
我真诚地希望我们能保持联系。
(2022·1月浙江卷)That's very nice of you. I wish it were our graduation day too.
你真好。我希望今天也是我们的毕业日。
S?思维拓展
(1)对于将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语＋wish＋从句主语＋would(could, might)＋动词原形
(2)表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语＋wish(that) ＋从句主语＋动词过去式(be动词用were)
(3)对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语＋wish(that)＋从句主语＋would/could have/had＋过去分词(*从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关，与wish的时态无关)。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①I wish she would try (try) again in a few minutes.
②How he wished he were (be)a free bird.
③I wish you had come (come) to my birthday party last night.
5.However, it is important to remember that they are only meant for guidance.
然而，重要的是要记住它们只是用于指导。
J?句式分析
It is＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth., it为形式主语，动词不定式短语to do sth.作真正的主语， for sb.作动词不定式的逻辑主语。
(2022·全国乙卷)It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media.
通过社交媒体获得联系感是很容易的。
S?思维拓展
it作形式主语的常见结构：
·It is＋adj.(important/necessary/useful...) to do...
·It is＋n.(a pity/surprise/wonder...) that...
·It is＋adj.(amazing/surprising/wonderful...) that...
·It is＋v.-ed(said/reported/believed...) that...
·It seems/happens/appears/matters...that...
To begin with, it would be better to arrive 20 minutes earlier, allowing you to help the host prepare the dinner.
首先，你提前20分钟到更好，这样你就能帮助主人准备晚宴。
It's a great pity that Jim wasn't invited.
吉姆没有受到邀请真是令人遗憾。
It is natural that she should cry.
她哭是人之常情。
It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is decreasing.
据报道非洲野生动物的数量正在减少。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①It's so convenient to be (be) able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
②It's very likely that he will win the game.
③ It upsets him that he didn't pass the exam.
④As we all know, it is a good habit to go (go) to bed early and get up early.
⑤It is thought (think) that there are more than 3,000 languages in the world today.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The ball bounced (弹跳) twice before he could reach it.
2.The drawer (抽屉) is so tight that I can't open it.
3.Water contains hydrogen (氢) and oxygen.
4.He looked at the gold watch on his wrist (手腕)．
5.At the wedding party, the bride and the bridegroom (新郎) expressed that they would live in harmony and mutual respect and grow old together.
6.I feel that geometry (几何学) is a difficult subject.
7.The newspaper publishes a profile (简介) of a leading sportsman every week.
8.I can't access the file on your company because I've forgotten the code (密码)．
9.China is the biggest country in the Orient (东方)．
10.It's wrong to spy (窥探) into people's affairs.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Nothing can weaken his resolve to become a lawyer (law)．
2.Her work is difficult to categorize (category)．
3.He is an active participant (participate) in the civil rights movement.
4.The detective (detect) laid great stress on details.
5.He was deep in conversation with his accountant (account)．
6.Children expect justice (just) from their parents.
7. The accused man said he had been fooled.
8.He looked at the shop window with greedy (greed) eyes.
9.The noise made it hard for me to focus on work.
10.What strengths (strength) and weaknesses did you find in her
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.How he wished that he had cherished his time and studied hard before .
他多希望自己以前珍惜时间好好学习啊。(wish)
2. While walking around in the garden ，she found her lost ring.
在花园散步时，她找到了丢失的戒指。(状语从句的省略)
3. It is essential for us to try to decide whether television is a blessing or a curse.
我们有必要来评断电视到底是福还是祸。(it is＋adj.for sb.to do sth.)
4.His ability to get on/along with people is his chief advantage.
他能和人相处是他的主要优势。(不定式作定语)
5.Maybe this is because students spend a lot of time reading books and using electronic products.
也许这是因为学生们花了很多时间看书和使用电子产品。(because)
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
It is essential for young people to take time to think about your future career.Although it is not easy to think about it when still at school, you'd better do so 1.before　 you make choices about your further education.In fact, many people have no idea what they want to do in the future.For them, it's a good idea to try to complete 2.a　 career aptitude test.
At present, you can find varieties of career aptitude tests, which can make an 3.analysis　(analyse) about your strengths and interests.But most 4.importantly　(important), complete it honestly；there are no right or wrong answers.
In one popular test, firstly, the participants are required 5.to grade　(grade) their preferences；then, after analysing their answers，a code 6.will be made　(make) according to the top three scores, 7.which　 indicates the participant's overall personality.At last，a list of career suggestions will be offered.Of course, the career suggestions are also based on your education 8.and　 experience level.But for a high school student, you can look at higher-level careers, which will be of great help to planning your career and setting your goals.
9.In　 conclusion, career aptitude tests are useful but they are only meant for guidance.The secret to a good career is to find something that you are 10.passionate　(passion) about.Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
长　句
长句(Long Sentences)多因含有较多较长的修饰成分或包含多个并列句或从句而使得整个句子变长。
一、长句的主要类型
1．含有较多成分的简单句(同位语、介词短语、非谓语动词、定语、状语、插入语)；
2．含有多个简单句的并列句；
3．并列句和主从复合句并存。
The average number of days with heavy pollution in cities at county level and above has dropped from 10 to 6. (主语：number谓语：has dropped )
县级及以上城市重度污染的平均天数从10天下降到6天。
Since 2013, China has rolled out a series of State-level regional development strategies to create new economic growth poles, push forward integrated and coordinated development, and explore ways of sustainable development for future generations.(主语：China谓语：has rolled out 宾语：strategies)
自2013年以来，中国推出一系列国家级区域发展战略，着力打造新的经济增长极，推进一体化协调发展，探索子孙后代可持续发展之路。
J?即学即练
找出下列句中的主语、谓语和宾语
①Holding the 3rd China International Import Expo during COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control shows China's determination to further open up its market and to continue to contribute to world economic recovery and development.
主语： Holding the 3rd China International Import Expo(动名词短语)
谓语： shows
宾语： determination
②Noted oil painter Zhao Peizhi, born in Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, was exposed to the rich history and cultures of various ethnic groups living in the area during childhood.
主语： painter
谓语： was exposed to
宾语： history and cultures
二、句子的三种基本类型
如果按照句子的结构分类，英文句子可分为三个类别：简单句(Simple Sentence)、并列句(Compound Sentence)和复合句(Complex Sentence)。这里所说的结构，主要是指句子中主语和谓语之间所构成的关系。
1．简单句(Simple Sentence)
简单句只有一个主谓结构。句子可能有两个或更多的主语，也可能有两个或更多的谓语，但是句子中的主谓关系只有一个。简单句还可以有定语、状语等句子成分。
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Volunteers will wash，cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥这些食物，以便在路上用餐。
Many young artists are advised to learn by copying the masters.
许多年轻艺术家们被建议通过临摹大师们的作品来学习。
2．并列句(Compound Sentence)
并列句有两个或两个以上存在并列、对等关系的主谓结构。从语法上讲，这些主谓结构都能独立地表达意思，没有从属关系。但是它们在意思或逻辑上有一定程度的内在联系，使它们有必要构成并列句。在并列句中，并列连词用来连接两个或几个主谓结构，即连接平行对等(即互不从属)的分句。
Computers are used widely in most countries now, and they are a sign of progress.
现在计算机在大多数国家被广泛使用，它们是进步的标志。
She is tall, while her elder sister is short.
她很高，而她姐姐很矮。
3．复合句(Complex Sentence)
复合句由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成，即有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子的某一(些)成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句都属于复合句，主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在，从句则只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。
(1)主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词 that, whether，if 和连接代词 what, who, which，whatever, whoever以及连接副词 how, when, where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it代替主语从句放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
What the doctor is uncertain about is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
医生不能确定的是我母亲是否会很快从这个严重的疾病中康复。
It is recommended that the project not be started until all the preparations have been made.
建议在所有准备工作完成后再开始这项工程。
(2)宾语从句
用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词与主语从句、表语从句大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时，第一个that可省略，其他的that不可省。
在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command，doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should＋)动词原形”。
who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，但句子语序要用陈述语序。
(3)表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句的引导词与主语从句大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋从句(若用 that引导从句时，that不能省略)。
(4)同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。后跟同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
I had no idea that you were here.(that引导同位语从句，不能省略)
我不知道你在这里。
Have you got the idea (that) this book gives you of life in ancient Greece (that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略)
你明白这本书让你了解古希腊的生活了吗？
(5)定语从句
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
(6)状语从句
状语从句(Adverbial Clause)指起副词作用的句子。可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其意义可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由从属连词引导，也可以由词组(如the moment等)引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
J?即学即练
在空白处填入适当的引导词
①(2022·全国乙卷改编) Although/Though/While technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.
②(2021·天津卷改编)Feeling fearful is healthy because/as/since it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
③(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which/that they need to practise with their page turner.
④(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编) When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
⑤(2021·北京卷改编)The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about where she lived.
⑥(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
⑦(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.
⑧(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编)It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
⑨(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷改编) As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
⑩(2021·全国乙卷改编) When/Since almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline(座机)
That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
语法专题练习
Ⅰ.写出下列句中的画线部分是什么从句
1．It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not. 主语从句
2．The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 同位语从句
3．How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. 主语从句
4．The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 定语从句
5．He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about. 宾语从句
6．I wonder why she refused my invitation. 宾语从句
7．Could you advise me which book I should read first？ 宾语从句
8．Whatever you have picked up, you must give it back to whoever it belongs to. 状语从句
9．Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen. 宾语从句
10．—I drove to Qingdao to meet my friend last week.
—Is that why you had one day off？ 表语从句
Ⅱ.把下列句子合并成复合句
1．He did it in this way. It was different from what we were used to.
→ The way he did it was different from what we were used to .
2．I was surprised by her words. Her words made me recognize what silly mistakes I had made.
→ I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize what silly mistakes I had made .
3．Dave lost his job and was short of money. What he did was to sell his flat and move out with his brother.
→ Dave lost his job and was short of money, so what he did was to sell his flat and move out with his brother .
4．Whether man can go back to the old days with time machine It still remains to be a question.
→ It still remains to be a question whether man can go back to the old days with time machine .
5．What is she going to be when she grows up Lily has some idea.
→ Lily has some idea what she's going to be when she grows up .
6．He made another wonderful discovery. I think this discovery is of great importance to science.
→ He made another wonderful discovery，which I think is of great importance to science .
7．You should put the dictionary in a place. You can find it easily there.
→ You should put the dictionary where you can find it easily .
8．Recently I bought a second-hand computer.Its price was very reasonable.
→ Recently I bought a second-hand computer, whose price was very reasonable .
Ⅲ.语法主题应用
用复合句翻译下列句子并连句成篇。
1．我想将来当记者，但我父母建议我当医生；
2．他们认为，比起记者来，医生的待遇更好；
3．老师建议我做一个职业能力倾向测验；
4．不管检测的结果怎样，我现在都要努力学习；
5．我现在要做的是学好知识，为未来做好准备。
参考范文：
I want to be a journalist in the future, but my parents suggest that I should be a doctor. They argue that doctors are better paid than journalists. My teacher suggests that I should take a career aptitude test. No matter what the test results are, I will study hard now. What I need to do now is learn knowledge well and prepare myself for the future.Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Ⅰ.重点单词
A)单词拼写
1. handwriting n．书法；书写；笔迹
2. disk n．磁盘；盘
3. parking n．停车位；停车→ park v．泊车，停车
4. camel n．骆驼
5. purse n．钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用)
6. sew vi.& vt.缝制；缝；做针线活
7. cage n．笼子　vt.关在笼子里
8. collar n．(动物)颈圈；衣领
9. receipt n．收据；接收
10. certificate n．合格证书；证明
11. desert n．沙漠；荒漠
B)词形转换
1. fry n．油煎的食物　vt.& vi.油煎；油炒；油炸→ fried adj.油煎的；油炸的
2. wool n．毛；毛线；毛料→ woollen adj.羊毛制成的
3. priority n．优先事项；首要的事；优先→ prior adj.优先的；占先的；先前的
4. finance n．资金；财政；金融　vt.提供资金→ financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的；有钱的
5. acquire vt.获得；购得→ acquirement n．取得，习得
6. greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的→ greed n．贪婪，贪欲
7. reception n．接待处，服务台→ receptionist n．接待员
8. socialist adj.社会主义的　n．社会主义者→ social adj.社会的→ society n．社会；社团
9. employ vt.雇用；使用，利用；忙于→ employer n．雇主 → employee n．雇员 → employment n．雇用；使用；工作，就业 → unemployment n．失业人数，失业率；失业
Ⅱ.高频短语
1. attend to 关怀，照料，处理
2. apply for 申请，请示，得到
3. be keen to do sth. 渴望做某事，热衷于做某事
4. come to a conclusion 得出结论
5．a parking space 停车位
6．acquire a taste for 开始对……感兴趣(常用于饮食)
7．take priority over 优先于
8．help out 帮助……摆脱困难
9．be located in 位于；坐落于
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．Our camp is located in a beautiful area near a quiet canal, where you will sleep in tents under the stars.
我们的营地坐落在一条安静的运河附近的一个美丽的地方，在那里你将睡在星空下的帐篷里。
2．I would like to apply for position of camp helper.Please find my CV attached .
我想申请营地帮手的职位。随信附上我的简历。
3．I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities.
我已经当了两年学校乒乓球队的队长，所以我知道如何领导和决定优先事项。
4. With my proficiency in Chinese calligraphy, I could also conduct classes for your visitors to help them learn more about this beautiful aspect of Chinese culture.
以我对中国书法的熟练，我还可以为你们的来访者开设课程，帮助他们更多地了解中国文化中这优美的一面。
5．The prospect of welcoming exchange students to our country is very exciting, and I am keen to use my skills to give them a warm welcome and an experience they will always remember .
欢迎交换生来到我国的前景非常令人兴奋，而且我渴望用我的技能给他们一个热烈的欢迎和他们永远记住的经历。
Ⅳ.课文解读
(Ⅰ)Judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．
1．The camp sites lie near a beautiful lake.( F )
2．The students who will take part in the camp come from all over the world.( T )
3．The applicants must speak English fluently.( T )
4．The applicants can send their CVs and cover letters by email.( T )
5．The applicants must love Chinese and international culture.( T )
(Ⅱ)Choose the best answer.
1．Who is the advertisement intended for B
A．Those looking for work.
B．High school students.
C．College graduates.
D．School teachers.
2．Where will camp helpers stay for the night C
A．In hotel rooms.　　　 B．At host home.
C．In the open air. D．At the students' homes.
3．Why does Kelly Xu write the letter B
A．To enquire about the summer camp.
B．To apply for the position of camp helper.
C．To take part in the summer camp.
D．To make friends with foreign students.
4．What did Kelly Xu do in 2017 D
A．Volunteered at a local library.
B．Worked during holidays at a local pet shop.
C．Helped organize city tour for visiting students.
D．Attended an exchange programme in England.
重 点 单 词
1.accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责
D?典型例句
The government was accused of incompetence.
政府被指责无能。
Your neighbours may accuse you of playing the piano at midnight.
你的邻居可能会谴责你半夜弹钢琴。
S?思维拓展
the accused 被告
accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某罪；指责某人做某事
I accuse you of nothing.I cannot accuse.I have done dishonourable things to survive.
我可没谴责你，我哪能谴责你。为了活命，我已经做了有失尊严的事。
——《为奴十二年》
M?名师点津
“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”结构短语
(1)remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事
(2)cure sb. of sth.治好某人某种疾病
(3)inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
(4)rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
(5)warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
Q?巧学助记
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①They accused their government of betraying the interests of the people.
②The worker witnessed to having seen the accused (accuse)near the scene of the crime.
③Please keep us informed (inform) of how you are getting with the work.
2.greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的；贪得无厌的　greed n．贪婪；贪心
D?典型例句
Different people might have different opinions about this, but wouldn't it be kind of greedy to focus on money and fame rather than on something more meaningful
不同的人对此可能会有不同的看法，但把注意力放在金钱和名誉而不是更有意义的事情上，不是有点贪婪吗？
J?句式分析
体会greedy的用法和意义
A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available.
一个巨型机器，始终贪婪地张着大嘴，把所有能得到的垃圾(一口)吞了下去。
It was greedy of them to take such bribes.
他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。
I'm greedy to visit the Great Wall some day.
我渴望有一天去游览长城。
S?思维拓展
be greedy for渴望得到
be greedy to do sth.渴望做某事
It is/was greedy of sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说真是贪婪。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①The students are greedy for knowledge.
②It is so greedy of you to leave none of the cake for everyone else.
③ Greedy (greed) folks have long arms.
④We should be greedy to enjoy (enjoy) the sun each day.
3.dedicate v．把……奉献给
D?典型例句
She dedicated her first book to her father.
她将她的第一本书献给了她父亲。
I like to work with people who are honest and dedicated to their work.
我喜欢与一些诚实并对工作投入的人合作。
She dedicates herself to her work.
她献身于自己的工作。
A memorial stone was dedicated to those who were killed in the war.
为阵亡将士纪念碑举行了落成典礼。
S?思维拓展
(1)dedicate oneself/sth. to sth./ to doing sth.把……奉献给
dedicate sth. to sb./sth.为(建筑物等)举行落成典礼
(2)dedication n．奉献；献身
(3)dedicated adj.专用的；专注的；献身的
(4)dedicator n．献身者；奉献者
J?即学即练
写出下列各句中dedicate的含义
①He dedicated himself body and soul to the education of young people. 献身
②He dedicated the book to his friend. 献给
③The new church will be dedicated on Sunday. 落成典礼
④He's quite dedicated to his students. 尽心尽力的
4.desert n．沙漠；荒漠　vt.抛弃；遗弃；离弃
D?典型例句
Above 4,000 meters is the highland desert: gravel, stones and rocks.
海拔4 000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石、石块和岩石。
The price rise caused many readers to desert the magazine.
价格上涨导致许多读者放弃了这本杂志。
He has been deserted by most of his advisers.
他的大多数顾问都弃他而去。
He deserted his job for his dream.
他为了自己的梦想抛弃了工作。
S?思维拓展
deserted adj.空寂无人的
desertion n．抛弃；开小差
dessert n．甜点；甜食；甜品
The man who was deserted in the desert was eager to get some dessert to eat，and later he found a deserted hut.
被抛弃在沙漠里的那个人渴望弄些甜点吃，后来他发现了一个无人居住的小屋。
Q?巧学助记
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①To avoid being punished，he had to desert his wife and children，and went to a deserted island for the rest of his life.(desert)
②Because of his desertion (desert)，his company was completely destroyed by a big fire.
完成句子
③The owl seems to have deserted its nest .
这只猫头鹰似乎不要这个窝了。
5.acquire vt.获得；购得
D?典型例句
(1)(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得；得到
I acquired a good knowledge of computer.
我获得了丰富的电脑知识。
Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.
我们逐步获得了做这份工作的经验。
(2)购得；获得；得到
The company has just acquired new premises.
公司刚购得新办公楼。
I've suddenly acquired a stepbrother.
我突然之间有了一个继兄弟。
S?思维拓展
acquirement n．取得，习得
acquire a knowledge of...学会……
acquire a habit of...养成……的习惯
acquire a taste for...开始对……感兴趣(常用于饮食)
Y?易混辨析
acquire，achieve，obtain与gain
acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术、知识等抽象的东西，也指养成习惯等
achieve 强调由于极大的努力，克服困难后达到目标
obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间才得到所需要的东西
gain 侧重指经过努力或有意识的行为而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处
To acquire a foreign language，you need a lot of practice.
掌握一门外语需要大量的练习。
He had finally achieved success.
他终于获得了成功。
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts.
那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的材料。
His persistence gained him victory.
他的坚持不懈为他赢得了胜利。
J?即学即练
选词填空(acquire/obtain/gain/achieve)
①There are many who will work hard to achieve these goals.
②The ability to use a language can be acquired by the act of using the language.
③The researchers obtained some useful data through a lot of experiments.
④Young as he is，David has gained rich experience in society.
补全句子
⑤It will take her a long time to acquire the skills (获得技能)she needs to become a good journalist.
⑥One can never acquire enough experience (获得足够的经验)．
⑦She was keen to acquire more advanced cooking skills (学到更高超的烹饪技巧).
重 点 短 语
1.attend to 关怀；照料；处理
D?典型例句
Will you attend to the shop for a few minutes while I go to bank
我要去一趟银行，你能不能帮我照看一下店铺？
My mother was very ill；I had to attend to her.
我妈妈病得很重，我必须照顾她。
I have some urgent businesses to attend to.
我有一些急事要处理。
If you don't attend to the lecture, you won't understand.
如果你不用心听讲，你就不会懂。
S?思维拓展
attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听讲座/上学
attend (on/upon) sb. 照顾某人；伺候某人
attend to 处理；对付；接待(顾客)；专心；注意；听取
That is your business.Now, I have other matters to attend to.
那就是你们的事了。我现在还有其他事要忙。
——《银河护卫队》
J?即学即练
写出下列各句中attend to的含义
①I suggest that you attend to the most urgent matters and let the rest wait. 处理
②All the elders' daily needs have been attended to. 照料
③You must attend carefully to these instructions. 注意
④If you don't attend to your teacher, you'll never learn anything. 专心
⑤You should attend to the advice and criticisms of customers. 听取
2.apply for申请
D?典型例句
I would apply for the post if I were you.
如果我是你的话，我就申请这个职位。
They applied to the government for financial help.
他们请求政府资助。
I would like to apply for a position at a maritime museum.
我想在海洋博物馆申请一个职位。
S?思维拓展
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
apply to 向……申请；适用于(to是介词)
apply..to...将……应用于……，把……涂抹到……上(to是介词)
apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事
He applied to clean the washroom every day.
他申请每天打扫洗手间。
We've applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project.
我们已经向慈善组织申请了该项目的赠款。
Over the next few hours, the Italian applied himself to weeding in the garden.
接下来的几个小时，这个意大利人专心在花园除草。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①I've applied for a new job with the local newspaper.
②Now a lot of new technologies can be applied to solving (solve) problems in industry.
补全句子
③The position applied for (申请) by many applicants actually requires at least 5 years' working experience.
④The questions on this part of the form only apply to (适用于) married men.
⑤Only if you really apply yourself to your study (专心致志地学习)will you pass the exam.
3.assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
D?典型例句
We will assist the old man in answering his son's mail.
我们将帮助那位老人答复他儿子的邮件。
S?思维拓展
assist sb. in/with sth.在……方面帮助某人
assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
assistant n．助手，助理；售货员
assistance n．帮助；援助
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come to one's assistance 帮助某人
Lacking experience, my rigid son finally asked me to assist him in/with his work.
由于缺乏经验，我固执的儿子终于要我在工作上帮助他。
Who will assist us to accomplish the task
谁将帮助我们完成这项任务？
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①The teacher asked John to assist him in dividing the class into five groups.
②In the future, we will have handy robots and computers to assist us in/with the things that are boring.
③If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant (assist) to reduce the price.
补全句子
④I waited patiently hoping that someone would come to my assistance (帮助我).
重 点 句 型
1.I would like to apply for the position of camp helper.Please find my CV attached.
我想申请营地帮手的职位。随信附上我的简历。
D?典型例句
句中使用的是find sth.done结构， my CV是宾语， attached是宾补， my CV和attach构成被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。
(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.
有些早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝西会来到学校，发现孩子们因寒冷而哭泣。
I found the door closed.
我发现门关着。
He found the boy tied to a tree.
他发现男孩被绑在一棵树上。
S?思维拓展
find后常跟以下形式作宾补：
find＋n.＋
J?即学即练
完成句子
①They found the patient (to be)a small boy of nine years of age.
他们发现病人是个9岁的小男孩。
②The jury found the accused person guilty .
陪审团判定被告人有罪。
③Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys.
这时我发现自己被六个小男孩围住了。
④The road gradually widened until we found ourselves in a large valley .
路慢慢宽了起来，最后我们走进了一个广阔的山谷。
⑤He found the boy stealing money .
他发现那个男孩正在偷钱。
2.I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities.
我已经当了两年学校乒乓球队的队长，所以我知道如何领导和决定优先事项。
J?句式分析
how to lead属于“疑问词＋不定式”结构
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构中的特殊疑问词指when, where, what, which, who及how等连接词；
(2)“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，用作宾语的情况比较多，尤其是用在advise, ask, consider, decide, discuss, explain, forget, know，learn, remember, show, teach, tell, wonder等动词后面；
(3)特殊疑问词与构成不定式的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义；
(4)该结构作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；
(5)该结构常常可以转换成相应的名词性从句。
Where to go tomorrow has not been decided.
明天到什么地方去尚未决定。
(2022·1月浙江卷)Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.
许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间。
Will you show me how to use this machine
你能示范教我如何使用这部机器吗？
The question is which one to choose.
问题是挑选哪一个。
But I was also very nervous as I didn't know what to expect.
但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我该期望什么。
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①When and where to build (build) the new building has not been decided.
②There're so many kinds of cups on sale that I can't make up my mind which one to buy.
同义句转换
③I wonder whether I should join the English club or not.
→I wonder whether to join the English club or not .
④Could you tell me how I can make her happy
→Could you tell me how to make her happy
⑤She doesn't know which skirt she will choose.
→She doesn't know which skirt to choose .
3.The prospect of welcoming exchange students to our country is very exciting, and I am keen to use my skills to give them a warm welcome and an experience they will always remember.
欢迎交换生来到我国的前景非常令人兴奋，而且我渴望用我的技能给他们一个热烈的欢迎和他们永远记住的经历。
D?典型例句
(1)and为并列连词，连接The prospect of welcoming exchange students to our country is very exciting和I am keen to use my skills to give them a warm welcome and an experience they will always remember两个并列句。
(2)句中they will always remember为定语从句，先行词为an experience。
(3)be keen to do sth.渴望做某事
John was very keen to help.
约翰很乐意帮忙。
S?思维拓展
be keen that渴望……
be keen on doing sth.渴望/热切做某事；对……着迷
J?即学即练
单句语法填空
①The children are well-behaved and keen to learn.
②She's still keen to keep in touch.
③We are keen that our school should get involved too.
④I wasn't too keen on going to the party.
翻译句子
⑤汤姆迷上了安娜。
Tom's very keen on Anna.
⑥我对这个想法燃起了极大的热情。
I got quite keen on the idea.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He is an active socialist (社会主义者)．
2.The handwriting (笔迹) on both cheques is identical.
3.A camel (骆驼) is called a ship of the desert.
4.The skirt is finished.I'm now going to sew (缝制)a pocket on.
5.My mother can knit (织) them out of wool.
6.The development of the national economy is a top priority (优先)．
7.You can cage (关在笼里)a bird, but you cannot make him sing.
8.He is a well-known expert in finance (金融)．
9.I happened to find my driving certificate (证书)．
10.People must acquire (获得) this skill somewhere.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.We do have a special on fried (fry) chicken today.
2.I asked my mother to sew up this rip in my sleeve.
3.He says setting priorities (priority)is of critical importance.
4.I think all caged (cage)birds should be set free.
5.During the 1980s the world's financial (finance) systems became more open.
6.Farmers are deserting (desert) their fields and coming here looking for jobs.
7.William has acquired (acquire)an unshakeable belief in himself.
8. Located (locate) in Sichuan Province, the area is renowned for its dreamlike scenery and abundant natural resources.
9.In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
10.I wasn't too keen on physics and chemistry.
Ⅲ.选词填空
located in， attend to， from all over the world， help out， apply for， have experience in， be keen on， assist sb. in
1. Located in southern Italy, Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe.
2.I can't work out this math problem.Please help me out .
3.I have received thousands of good-wish cards and gifts from all over the world .
4.The monitor assists the teacher in managing the class.
5. I made up my mind to apply for a scholarship.
6.She has been keen on the ballet since she was a little girl.
7.She has experience in teaching Chinese and can be the most suitable person for the job.
8.I've got some unfinished business to attend to .
Ⅳ.单句写作
1.To those successful deaf dancers, dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing .
对于那些成功的失聪舞者来说，跳舞是一种视觉比听觉更重要的活动。(定语从句)
2.She said good-bye with tears in her eyes .
她含着眼泪说了声再见。(with复合结构)
3.She showed me how to start the online tour .
她教我如何开始网上旅游。(特殊疑问词＋to do)
4.They are keen to experience the natural beauty .
他们渴望体验自然之美。(be keen to do sth.)
5.He found the text difficult to understand .
他发现这篇课文很难理解。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Kelly has such 1.a　 good command of English that she has gained PETS 3 English qualification.What's more, she has been interested in calligraphy and good at it.She has acquired certificate in Chinese calligraphy.Since 2019, she 2.has planned　(plan) and taught after-school classical calligraphy classes, designed classroom activities 3.and　 provided feedback.She has a passion 4.for　 Chinese and international culture.In 2017, she visited UK on high school exchange programme, during 5.which　 she experienced British culture and demonstrated Chinese culture.She has good organisational and teamwork skills.In 2016, she volunteered at the local library, 6.where　 she assisted librarians in organising children's library section.Besides, she helped organise city tour for visiting students from Canada, 7.helping　(help) manage tour finances and receipts.She had experience in working with 8.animals　(animal)．Between 2018-2019, she worked during holidays at a local pet shop, cleaning cages, checking and changing flea collars and helping customers.
One day when she saw a job advertisement for summer camp helpers, the requirements of which were 9.exactly　(exact) what she could meet.She has applied for it right now and believes she is 10.qualified　(qualify) for it.Section Ⅳ　单元写作
求 职 信
写作指导
本单元的写作任务是写求职信，是求职者以书信的方式自我举荐的一种文体。写求职信时应该紧扣用人单位的录用标准，表达自己的求职动机和优势。在用词方面要言简意赅，直截了当。
求职信一般分为三部分：
第一部分：开头称呼语及说明申请的具体理由，如见广告应征、熟人介绍等。
第二部分：主体部分，即介绍个人的情况。个人的基本情况一般包括：个人信息、工作经历、个人技能等。
第三部分：结束语。希望对方积极考虑，尽早答复或同意请求。
常用表达
开头语：
1．I learned from your advertisement that you are in need of a(n)．..
我从你们的广告中得知你们需要一名……
2．Having known that your office needs a(n)．.. I would like to apply for the post.
得知贵公司需要一名……人员，我想申请这个职位。
3．I'm interested in the post which you advertised in...
我对你们在……上登的招聘广告很感兴趣。
自我介绍：
1．I have a good knowledge of.../I have the ability to...
我对……很了解/我有能力……
2．I'll get on very well with my fellow workers.
我会和我的同事相处得很好。
3．Once I'm hired, I'll devote myself to the cause of the...
一旦我被录用，我将全身心投入到……事业中去。
4．I am familiar with...Thus, I'm convinced that I'm qualified for the job.
我熟悉……因此，我确信我能胜任这份工作。
5.I am easy-going and have good interpersonal relationships.
本人性格随和，人际关系良好。
6．I once worked as a(n)．.. for two years and was highly praised for my good service and have rich experience.
我曾在……工作过两年，因服务好和经验丰富而受到好评。
结尾：
1．If I could have the opportunity/chance to get the job, I would be quite grateful.
如果我有机会得到这份工作，我会非常感激。
2．I look forward to hearing from you.
我期待着你的消息。
3．I think I'm suitable for the job.If you can let me have this chance，I will try my best to do it well.
我认为我适合这份工作。如果你能给我这个机会，我会尽我最大的努力把它做好。
4．I will appreciate it very much if you would give me the opportunity.Thank you for your consideration.
如果您能给我这个机会，我将不胜感激。感谢您的考虑。
精品展示
假如你是李华，25岁，山东师范大学英语系毕业生，英语口语好。在学校广播站当过英语记者。在网上看到某英文报社招聘英文兼职记者的广告，于是想去该报社应聘，请根据以上个人情况写一封求职信。
注意：词数80左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
审题谋篇
第一步　明确要求
本文要求写一封求职信。写作时应注意下面几点：
1．确定文体：这是一封求职信，写作中应注意求职信的常规格式。
2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。
3．主体人称：由于是介绍自己，所以人称应该以第一人称为主。
第二步　确定段落
Para.1：从网上获知一个兼职英语记者的职位。
Para.2：自我介绍并保证能胜任这个职位。
Para.3：真诚表态，为报社努力工作。
第三步　核心词汇
1．阅读一则广告 read an ad
2．从……毕业 graduate from
3．各种各样的文章 a variety of articles
4．在……方面很熟练 be skillful in...
5．学校广播站 school broadcasting station
6．得到这个职位 get the position
7．用……(电话号码)联系我 contact me at...
第四步　连词成句
1．我读了您在网上的广告。
I read your ad from the Internet.
2．我希望在您的报社获得一份兼职英语记者的工作。
I hope to get the job as a part-time English reporter in your newspaper office.
3．我于三年前毕业于山东师范大学英语系。
I graduated from the English Department of Shandong Normal University three years ago.
4．我能用英语流畅地表达和写作。
I can speak and write in English fluently.
5．我还可以阅读各种各样的英文文章。
I can also read a variety of articles in English .
第五步　句式升级
1．请把第1句和第2句按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)I hope to get the job as a part-time English reporter in your newspaper office after reading your ad from the Internet .(时间状语从句的省略)
(2) Having read your ad from the Internet ，I hope to get the job as a part-time English reporter in your newspaper office.(现在分词短语作状语)
2．请把第3句按下面括号内的提示进行升级。
(1) It was three years ago that I graduated from the English Department of Shandong Normal University.(用强调句型强调时间状语)
(2) It's three years since I graduated from the English Department of Shandong Normal University.(It's...since...)
3．请把第4句和第5句按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)I can speak and write in English fluently, and I can also read a variety of articles in English .(并列句)
(2)I am fluent in speaking and writing in English as well as reading a variety of articles in English .(as well as)
第六步　连句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
Having read your ad from the Internet, I hope to get the job as a part-time English reporter in your newspaper office.
My name is Li Hua, a healthy girl of 25.It's three years since I graduated from the English Department of Shandong Normal University.I am fluent in speaking and writing in English as well as reading a variety of articles in English.What's more, skillful in operating words on computers, I can type 100 words per minute.Above all, I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station.So I'm sure I can do the job well if I get the position.If you need to know more about me, please contact me at any time at 8889999.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作训练
假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B & B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣，要写一封求职信，包括下列要点：
1．年龄：18；
2．学习情况：班级前五名，英语口语好；
3．兴趣和特长：打字快，喜欢阅读，听音乐；
4．性格特点：积极向上。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Sir/Madam，
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I'm really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.
I'm 18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.I'm an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students.I'm good at English, especially spoken English.I'm familiar with the computer and I type very fast.In my spare time, I read a lot.Poems are my favorite.I enjoy music very much too.Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities.Besides, I'm easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I hope I may be given an interview so that I can explain my qualifications more fully.I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
话题佳句
1．I decide to take it as my career because it is through this career that I can attend to the weak.
我决定把它作为我的职业，因为通过这个职业我可以照顾弱者。
2．As for my scenario, I plan to apply for a university of art, where I can arm myself with professional knowledge.
至于我的设想，我计划申请一所艺术大学，在那里我可以用专业知识武装我自己。
3．Outgoing and enthusiastic, I am expert at communicating with people.
外向而且热情，我擅长和人交流。
4．I believe I can meet the requirements of the job.
我认为我可以满足这项工作的要求。
5．First of all, I have a good command of English, which enables me to communicate with foreigners freely.
首先，我英语掌握得很好，这使我能够与外国人自由交流。
6．I would appreciate it very much if you could take me into consideration.
如果您可以考虑我，我将非常感激。
7．I learn from the newspaper that your English paper is recruiting English editors.
我从报纸上得知您的英文报纸正在招聘英文编辑。
8．I believe my training and experience will enable me to fulfill your requirements.
我相信我的训练和经验使我可以符合你们的要求。
9．You still find me to be an optimistic, honest and competent person.
你会发现我是一个乐观、诚实并且还有能力的。
10．I have a good understanding of Chinese customs and culture, making it easier for me to explain to the tourists.
我对中国习俗和文化有很好的了解，使我向游客解说变得更容易。

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