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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024学年高二上学期期末模拟试卷01
英 语 （译林版专用）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How will Helen travel to New York
A．By plane. B．By car. C．By train.
2．How much is the telephone bill this month
A．$30. B．$100. C．$130.
3．What is the man trying to do
A．Go to a shopping center. B．Find a parking lot. C．Get some small change.
4．Where are the speakers
A．At a bakery. B．At home. C．At school.
5．How does Felix feel now
A．Regretful. B．Encouraged. C．Sympathetic.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Who will get gas for the barbecue
A．Mary. B．James. C．Steve.
7．What does Mary remind Steve to do
A．Tell people how to get to their house.
B．Buy some groceries.
C．Clean up the house.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What has been planted in Mr. Stenson’s fields
A．Cotton. B．Corn. C．Wheat.
9．Why does Lily think her uncle can provide help
A．He owns a farm. B．He lives close to Lily. C．He is an expert in farming.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What are the speakers talking about
A．Plans for the summer holiday.
B．Activities at school.
C．Dangerous sports.
11．Who will be the man’s soccer coach
A．His father. B．His teacher. C．A professional player.
12．What does the woman think of swimming
A．It will help her get into shape.
B．It’s a good way to make friends.
C．It takes up too much of her time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Guide and tourists. B．Husband and wife. C．Attendant and customer.
14．What does the man ask the woman to do at first
A．Change his seat. B．Bring him some food. C．Open his window shade.
15．What do we know about the man
A．He has never flown before.
B．He moved to Row 30, Seat A．
C．His flight will last for 8 hours.
16．What will the man have
A．Tea and pasta. B．Soda and chicken salad. C．Coffee and a turkey sandwich.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．When did the speaker’s mother build a shelter for children
A．In 2005. B．In 2006. C．In 2007.
18．What disease does the speaker’s mother suffer from
A．Alzheimer’s disease.
B．Parkinson’s disease.
C．Blood pressure disorders.
19．What can the speaker’s mother do now
A．Sing songs. B．Watch TV shows. C．Do morning exercises.
20．What will the speaker probably talk about next
A．Her talks with her mother.
B．The care center’s regulations.
C．Her mother’s expectations of her.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Amazing women in history
Murasaki Shikibu
Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the world’s first novelist. She was a noble woman living in Japan around the year 1,000 AD．She wrote a novel called The Tale of Genji, which tells a riches-to-rags story about the son of a Japanese emperor forced to live as a commoner. The Tale of Genji is widely considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese literature. Shikibu also wrote a book of poetry.
Maria Sibylla Merian
Born in Germany in 1647, Merian was fascinated by insects, and began collecting, studying and drawing them when she was as young as 13. She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects. It was through her study of caterpillars that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. She made a major contribution to the field of entomology (昆虫学).
Ada Lovelace
Lovelace was the world’s first computer programmer. She was working to design early computing machines that she hoped would be able to quickly solve math problems. In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to suggest that computers should be able to do more than calculating. She imagined them doing everything, from producing images to composing music.
Lucy Stone
Born in 1818, Stone married an activist and changed her name, but decided to change it back a year later. She held the belief that a wife shouldn’t take her husband’s name. She became the first American married woman to keep her maiden name for her entire life. Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.
21．What do we know about Murasaki Shikibu
A．She was once very rich. B．She was once a commoner.
C．She was a novelist and poet. D．She liked researching living things.
22．Who made a contribution to the development of human rights
A．Murasaki Shikibu. B．Maria Sibylla Merian. C．Ada Lovelace. D．Lucy Stone.
23．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text
A．They are pioneers. B．They are science-lovers.
C．They are highly educated. D．They are highly ambitious.
B
When I am surfing the Web, I want to be drawn by articles on Europe’s political history, but I end up reading menus from Alcatraz prison. Why does that happen
Curiosity seems beyond your control, and trying to direct it sounds like forcing yourself to find a joke funny. But if you know what boosts curiosity, you may be able to understand it a little better.
During the evolution, curious animals were more likely to survive because they learned about their environments. Humans, too, will give up a known payoff to investigate the unknown. Scientists did some experiments. In the first experiment, subjects were asked to choose one of four photos, each carrying some chance of a cash prize. Photos repeated, so subjects learned to pick the best. But when a new photo appeared, they chose it more often than the familiar ones. This preference for new one is, of course, the reason why producers regularly change product packaging.
Also, curiosity improves learning. In the second experiment, subjects read simple questions and rated how curious each made them feel. Later, they saw the question again, each followed by a photo of a face, and judged whether that person looked as if he or she would know the answer. In a surprise final memory test for the faces, subjects better remembered those appearing after the questions that make them curious.
This function of curiosity—to heighten memory—is the key to understanding why we’re curious about some things instead of others. We feel most curious when exploration produces the most learning. Suppose I ask you, “what’s the most common type of star in the Milky Way ” You’ll obviously feel uninterested if you already know the answer. But you’ll also feel little curious if you know nothing about stars; if you learned the answer, you couldn’t connect it to other knowledge, so it would seem nearly meaningless. We’re maximally curious when we sense that the environment offers new information in the right part to complement what we already know.
24．Why does the author mention his own experience in Paragraph 1
A．To present a fact. B．To introduce a topic.
C．To make a prediction. D．To explain a concept.
25．Why do producers change the packaging of the products frequently
A．To attract customers’ interest. B．To follow the latest trend.
C．To represent companies’ creativity. D．To show the new products.
26．What can we learn from the experiments in Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．The questions in the second experiment were interesting.
B．In both experiments, subjects preferred to choose the new objects.
C．In the second experiment, curiosity contributed to the subjects’ better memory.
D．The new photos in the first experiment had higher possibilities of a cash prize.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Satisfying curiosity makes us feel pleased.
B．A well-known topic makes us most curious.
C．People are most curious about totally unfamiliar topic.
D．People will be most curious when the unknown hugs the known.
C
Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.
The Living Planet Report (LPR) is produced every two years by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the Zoological Society of London. The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.
Although the average global loss of wildlife is 69%, the rate is greater in the global south. Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. Across the world, the biggest drop was in freshwater populations of wildlife — including almost 1,400 species of mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles — which have decreased by 83%.
The report identifies several causes for wildlife loss, including hunting, farming, the loss of forests, pollution and climate change. However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.
Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”, and said “we need to restore nature and not simply halt its loss.” In December 2022, world leaders are meeting in Montreal for the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference, also known as COP 15. The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”
28．What does the author mainly want to show by listing the numbers in the first three paragraphs
A．The causes of the urgent situation.
B．The detailed process of the research.
C．The severity of wildlife loss worldwide.
D．The drop in freshwater populations of wildlife
29．According to the report, what is a possible solution to population decline of wildlife
A．Stop hunting and farming.
B．Ban the production of wildlife food.
C．Offer legal protection of natural environment.
D．Replace the fossil fuels with renewable energy
30．What does the underlined word “halt” mean in the last paragraph
A．Accept. B．Stop. C．Fear. D．Suffer.
31．What is Lambertini’s attitude towards wildlife loss
A．Objective. B．Indifferent.
C．Ambiguous. D．Concerned.
D
Mass media are tools of communication. They allow us to record and pass information rapidly to a large, scattered audience. They extend our ability to each other by helping us overcome limits caused by time and space. Mass media can be divided into two groups: print media and electronic media. By print media, we mean books, newspapers and magazines. Electronic media include television, radio and movie.
There are a number of ways in which mass media make daily life easier for us. First, they inform and help us keep a watch on our world. They gather and pass on information we would be unlikely or unable to gain on our own.
Second, mass media help us to arrange our time and life. What we talk about and what we think about are greatly influenced by the media. When people get together, they tend to talk about certain happenings on the newspapers or on TV. Because we are provided with differing points of view through different kinds of media every day, we are able to comment on all sides of a certain issue.
Third, mass media help us to connect with various groups in society. Through mass media, we are able to keep in contact with politicians in the world; with famous actors and actresses, and with our beloved singers.
Fourth, the media help to socialize us. We learn about the preferred behavior and values from the people we meet as well as from the media. Through portrayals of people, the media tell us what proper behaviors are. By doing so, they teach us standards of behavior and values, and help us in our daily life.
Fifth, the media are used to persuade people. A good example is advertisements through the media. Newspapers, magazines and TV are filled with all kinds of colorful, persuasive advertisements. Though many advertisements may not say openly that they want you to buy a certain product, they describe their products in such a way that you may want to buy them.
Sixth, the media entertain. All of the media make some effort trying to entertain their audience. For example, even though the newspaper is a main medium of information, it also contains entertainment features. Many newspapers offer their readers at least some of the following: comics, fiction books and puzzle games, televisions and magazines are devoted mainly to entertainment. It is guessed that in the future, the entertainment function of mass media will become even more important than it is now.
32．The underlined word “portrayal” in paragraph 5 means ______.
A．photograph B．words
C．clothes D．description
33．According to the passage, which of the following statements isn’t true about mass media
A．Mass media have an effect on our speech and thoughts.
B．Mass media keep us informed and connected.
C．Mass media persuade us into buying what we don’t need at all.
D．Mass media help us spend time with others in a friendly way.
34．Which of the following isn’t included about mass media in the passage
A．entertainment B．sports
C．famous people D．advertisements
35．______ is an old form of mass media now.
A．Radio B．Computer
C．Mobile phone D．Television
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
It is universally acknowledged that adults, especially older ones, can’t learn language as easily as children can. However, contrary to conventional thinking, a new study shows that adult learners, even as beginners, could process sentence structures in new language much like native speakers. 36 Follow these tips and you can make the process more fun and more successful.
Find your motivation.
Wish you had paid more attention in high school Spanish Consider why you didn’t. Perhaps all you wanted out of the class was a good grade, or to fulfill a graduation requirement. 37 But the most successful language students are internally motivated, sincerely absorbed in their own learning. So pick a language you are excited to use.
Pick your tools.
It might take some trial and error, but you will figure out which resources work best for you. Mobile apps such as Duolingo and Babbel gamify your learning. Consider a conversation-based class like Italki or Idlewild. And don’t neglect textbooks, grammar guides, and workbooks with answer keys. 38
Dive in.
39 Watch movies or listen to songs, even if they are just on in the background. Periodically look around you and see how many things you can name in the language you are studying. Or better yet, label items around your home with those words. You will have no choice but to see them and, in very little time, learn them.
40
Practicing with other people helps solidify what you’ve already learned and make you more aware of which ideas you are able to express. These don’t need to be native speakers you chat with, though various websites and apps such as , HelloTalk, and TalkAbroad can connect you with some.
A．Get social.
B．Don’t sweat your mistakes.
C．Linguists call them external motivators.
D．Involve yourself in the chosen language as much as you can.
E．Knowing multiple languages can make you seem more attractive.
F．So if you dream of learning another language, your age does not disqualify you.
G．You may even enjoy children’s stories with simple vocabularies and accessible narratives.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity, even minor distractions can have a huge effect. According to a study, regaining our 41 drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes.
Multitasking, as many studies have shown, is a myth. A more accurate account of what happens when we tell ourselves we are multitasking is that we’re rapidly 42 between activities, sucking our mental energy. And the 43 can be surprisingly serious. An experiment found that we lose as many as 10 IQ points when we allow our work to be 44 by distractions like emails and text messages.
The 45 is that multitasking is enjoyable. It’s fun to satisfy your curiosity. Who knows what that next email or text message holds 46 Finding out provides immediate satisfaction. In contrast, 47 distractions and staying on task requires discipline and mental effort. So, what are we to do Our strategy is to change the 48 to move temptation further away: shut down your email program or 49 your phone. It’s a lot easier to stay on task when you’re not continuously fighting off mental desires. The 50 , which most of us consider common, is similar to dieting in a bakery. We all need the willpower to resist the temptations, but doing so comes with considerable costs to our limited supply of willpower.
Another worthwhile 51 is to collect similar activities together, keeping transition time to a 52 point. Instead of spreading phone calls, meetings and emails throughout your day, try 53 related tasks so that there are fewer transitions.
In some jobs, multitasking is 54 . Some of us truly do need to stay connected to our clients, colleagues and managers. So it’s worth noting that limiting disruptions is the only solution. Remember the more you do to minimize task switching over the course of the day, the more ability you’ll have for activities that actually 55 . Even small changes can make a big difference.
41．A．inner B．personal C．initial D．ambitious
42．A．planning B．counting C．swapping D．switching
43．A．benefits B．reasons C．consequences D．challenges
44．A．changed B．interrupted C．guided D．adapted
45．A．trouble B．emphasis C．advantage D．practice
46．A．in stock B．in store C．in check D．in possession
47．A．leaving B．creating C．resisting D．mistaking
48．A．expectation B．task C．environment D．vision
49．A．answer B．silence C．replace D．pick
50．A．alternative B．task C．account D．access
51．A．research B．aspect C．reaction D．approach
52．A．minimum B．maximum C．turning D．fixed
53．A．analyzing B．grouping C．assigning D．undertaking
54．A．disturbing B．annoying C．unavoidable D．unnecessary
55．A．matter B．function C．work D．interfere
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Lushan is located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. Lushan National Park 56 (occupy) a total area of 30, 200 hectares and its 57 (high)Peak, Hanyang Peak, is 1, 474 meters above sea level. Bordered on the north by the Yangtze River and on the south by Poyang Lake, Mount Lushan presents an 58 (appeal) scene of river, hills and lake, the beauty of 59 has attracted spiritual leaders, scholars, artists and writers for over 2, 000 years. More than 200 historic buildings are located in the Lushan National Park. These include the Buddhist East Grove Temple complex 60 (begin) by Huiyuan in 386 CE…Other important features include the stone single-span Guan Ying Bridge of 1, 015 CE and more than 900 inscriptions on cliffs and stone 61 (tablet).
Mount Lushan has an important place in Chinese history and culture. It is 62 outstanding representative of Chinese landscape culture, as well as a remarkable model of Chinese academy-based education. The significant cultural developments and political events occurring over the course of Lushan’s history 63 (influence) the recent course of Chinese history over the past decades. The natural beauty of Lushan is perfectly integrated with its historic buildings and features, creating a unique cultural landscape powerfully associated with Chinese spiritual 64 cultural life.
In 1982, Mount Lushan became one of the first National Scenic Areas and one of the First Class National Nature Reserves. All attributes of Mount Lushan are 65 (effective) protected by the laws and regulations for the protection of cultural heritage and its setting. Any measures and projects that may significantly impact the heritage value must be authorized by the relevant national authorities.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
运动有很多好处，它在生活中起着非常重要的作用。学会运动也就学会了生活。请你根据自己对运动的理解，用英语谈谈运动对你的好处。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 标题已给出；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sport Benefits Me A Lot
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
You never know the difference you might make unless you take the time to encourage someone.
I gave up the idea of being a writer the summer before I started college. I’d been writing since I was five years old. My little friends wanted toys at that time, but I just wanted paper. Childhood passed and a box of short stories gave way to my middle school days. I wrote for a magazine and by the time I was in my eighth grade, half of the annual publications were written by me. Sometimes I’d dream about being a novelist, writing books that everyone might read. My dad was always sure that it would happen. When he read my poems or stories, his eyes welled up. “That’s beautiful, honey,” he always told me. “One day, the entire world will know what a gift you have.” Those words encouraged me through high school to keep believing that writing was my calling.
But somewhere along the months of my senior year I became disappointed. The crazy injustice in this world—bad guys, getting back out on the street and doing harm again and again, changed my mind. “I’m going to be a lawyer in the future,” I told my parents. My dad’s face fell, but he kept his smile. “Whatever you do, you’ll be brilliant at it,” he said to me.
One of my first classes at college was Journalism 100. One day, the professor, Bob Scheibel, assigned us a story about an apartment fire. He gave us the facts and we had a few days to write a news story.
I was sure that I had got the facts right when I wrote the story. I didn’t expect much feedback. But a few days later, Bob Scheibel asked me to talk to him after class. Questions raced through my mind. What had I done wrong Had I got the facts mixed up Did I miss anything critical in the details Five minutes after the class, I found myself in front of the professor. His eyes met mine with great seriousness.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
The professor asked whether I had read an article about this event on the newspapers.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Since then, I began to devote myself to writing and later in the school and city writing competitions.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024学年高二上学期期末模拟试卷01
英 语 （译林版专用）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How will Helen travel to New York
A．By plane. B．By car. C．By train.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Are you sure Helen will be in New York with us I remember she once said that she was afraid of flying. And she can’t drive for a long time.
M: She’ll be fine. We will fly there one day later, and she will take the train.
W: That’s good.
2．How much is the telephone bill this month
A．$30. B．$100. C．$130.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Our telephone bill goes very high this month!
M: How much is it I’ve made several calls to the USA.
W: No wonder! The international phone call costs about $100. And, the domestic call costs just $30.
3．What is the man trying to do
A．Go to a shopping center. B．Find a parking lot. C．Get some small change.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Excuse me, do you have change for a ten-dollar note I need to pay for the parking meter.
W: I’m sorry. But I think you can get it through the money changer, in the shopping center across the street.
4．Where are the speakers
A．At a bakery. B．At home. C．At school.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Mom, I love all these cupcakes with different flavors. They taste so yummy.
W: Glad you like them. You can take some to school tomorrow. Now, go wash your hands. Your dad is waiting for us in the dining room.
M: Okay, Mom.
5．How does Felix feel now
A．Regretful. B．Encouraged. C．Sympathetic.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Why do you look so upset, Felix
M: I got a very bad grade on my biology test yesterday. I shouldn’t have spent so much time playing computer games the night before the test.
W: It’s no use crying over spilt milk. You should make a change.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Who will get gas for the barbecue
A．Mary. B．James. C．Steve.
7．What does Mary remind Steve to do
A．Tell people how to get to their house.
B．Buy some groceries.
C．Clean up the house.
【答案】6．C 7．A
【原文】M: We have some things to do before people come over tonight, Mary.
W: I know. I’ll be picking up the groceries, and James is cooking.
M: OK, I’ll get some gas for the barbecue.
W: What should we do after dinner Do you still want to go to the club
M: Why don’t we just stay here We can watch a movie or play a board game.
W: Good idea, Steve. I don’t have a lot of money, anyway.
M: Me, neither. When you’re shopping, can you pick up some cleaning supplies
W: Sure, and don’t forget to send people directions. Our place is hard to find.
M: Got it. Let’s get to work!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What has been planted in Mr. Stenson’s fields
A．Cotton. B．Corn. C．Wheat.
9．Why does Lily think her uncle can provide help
A．He owns a farm. B．He lives close to Lily. C．He is an expert in farming.
【答案】8．B 9．C
【原文】W: Mr. Stenson, I think you need to replace corn with another plant in your fields.
M: Yes, Lily. But I’m not sure what plant is better. Some people say I should go for beans, while some say wheat is a good choice.
W: I personally can’t help you with this, but I can ask my uncle. He works on a farm and has helped a lot of farmers.
M: That’d be great. Hmm … What do you think if I invite him to visit my farm
W: Good idea! He lives not far from here. And he’ll be able to spare you a few hours next Saturday.
M: Thank you very much. I promise to give you the first new products from my fields!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What are the speakers talking about
A．Plans for the summer holiday.
B．Activities at school.
C．Dangerous sports.
11．Who will be the man’s soccer coach
A．His father. B．His teacher. C．A professional player.
12．What does the woman think of swimming
A．It will help her get into shape.
B．It’s a good way to make friends.
C．It takes up too much of her time.
【答案】10．A 11．C 12．B
【原文】W: So what are you going to do for the coming summer holiday
M: I think I’m going to continue playing soccer.
W: How are you going to do that School is over.
M: My P.E. teacher suggested I join a club team so I can improve for next year. The team is coached by a professional player.
W: Cool! I’m going to join a swim club. My father wants me to try rock climbing, but I think it’s too dangerous.
M: Well, it might be fun, and it shouldn’t take up too much of your time.
W: But rock climbing is an individual sport. I like swimming because it allows me to make new friends.
M: Hey! Why don’t you join the soccer club with me You can meet people and get into shape.
W: Sounds fun!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Guide and tourists. B．Husband and wife. C．Attendant and customer.
14．What does the man ask the woman to do at first
A．Change his seat. B．Bring him some food. C．Open his window shade.
15．What do we know about the man
A．He has never flown before.
B．He moved to Row 30, Seat A．
C．His flight will last for 8 hours.
16．What will the man have
A．Tea and pasta. B．Soda and chicken salad. C．Coffee and a turkey sandwich.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．A 16．C
【原文】M: Excuse me, Miss
W: Yes
M: My window shade is broken, and I cannot open it to see the sky. Could you please switch a seat for me so I can have a window with a view This is my first flight. I want to enjoy the scenery.
W: Of course! Let me move you to Row 13, Seat A.
M: Thank you. Could you tell me how long this flight will take
W: We should be in the air for about six hours.
M: Okay. Thankyou.
W: You’re very welcome. Would you like something to drink
M: What do you have
W: We serve coffee, tea, and soda.
M: I’ll have coffee with cream, please.
W: No problem. And would you like something to eat
M: That would be great! What do you have
W: We have the turkey sandwich, chicken salad, and vegetarian pasta.
M: I’d like a turkey sandwich. Thankyou.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．When did the speaker’s mother build a shelter for children
A．In 2005. B．In 2006. C．In 2007.
18．What disease does the speaker’s mother suffer from
A．Alzheimer’s disease.
B．Parkinson’s disease.
C．Blood pressure disorders.
19．What can the speaker’s mother do now
A．Sing songs. B．Watch TV shows. C．Do morning exercises.
20．What will the speaker probably talk about next
A．Her talks with her mother.
B．The care center’s regulations.
C．Her mother’s expectations of her.
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．A
【原文】
My mom’s a wonderful woman. She was born in Texas in 1968 and worked as a Spanish teacher until 2005. Then two years later, with my father’s help, she built a home for children in Honduras. She devoted herself to caring for the poor, both physically and emotionally. However, from 2020, everything was different. My mom was found with Alzheimer’s disease. But luckily, she doesn’t have Parkinson’s disease or any blood pressure disorders, which are common diseases for the elderly. Right now, my mom lives in a special care center that meets the needs of residents who suffer from such medical conditions. Several times a week, a woman comes to bathe her. They often offer activities at the center, and these include singing, exercise, and even short trips to the local area. Although my mom isn’t able to participate in these as she did in the past, she still enjoys the simple things: holding hands, watching TV shows and taking short walks outside. I used to talk about everything with my mom. But now, my conversations with my mom are always short, like last week ...
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Amazing women in history
Murasaki Shikibu
Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the world’s first novelist. She was a noble woman living in Japan around the year 1,000 AD．She wrote a novel called The Tale of Genji, which tells a riches-to-rags story about the son of a Japanese emperor forced to live as a commoner. The Tale of Genji is widely considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese literature. Shikibu also wrote a book of poetry.
Maria Sibylla Merian
Born in Germany in 1647, Merian was fascinated by insects, and began collecting, studying and drawing them when she was as young as 13. She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects. It was through her study of caterpillars that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. She made a major contribution to the field of entomology (昆虫学).
Ada Lovelace
Lovelace was the world’s first computer programmer. She was working to design early computing machines that she hoped would be able to quickly solve math problems. In addition to designing this early computer program, she was also the first to suggest that computers should be able to do more than calculating. She imagined them doing everything, from producing images to composing music.
Lucy Stone
Born in 1818, Stone married an activist and changed her name, but decided to change it back a year later. She held the belief that a wife shouldn’t take her husband’s name. She became the first American married woman to keep her maiden name for her entire life. Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.
21．What do we know about Murasaki Shikibu
A．She was once very rich. B．She was once a commoner.
C．She was a novelist and poet. D．She liked researching living things.
22．Who made a contribution to the development of human rights
A．Murasaki Shikibu. B．Maria Sibylla Merian. C．Ada Lovelace. D．Lucy Stone.
23．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text
A．They are pioneers. B．They are science-lovers.
C．They are highly educated. D．They are highly ambitious.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位历史上了不起的女士。
21．细节理解题。根据Murasaki Shikibu部分中的“Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the world’s first novelist.(Murasaki Shikibu是一位日本女性，被广泛认为是世界上第一位小说家)”和“Shikibu also wrote a book of poetry.(Shikibu还写了一本诗集。)”可知，Murasaki Shikibu是小说家和诗人。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Lucy Stone部分中的“Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.(Stone还是美国平等权利协会的创始成员之一，为结束奴隶制而战)”可知，Lucy Stone为人权的发展做出了贡献，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据 Murasaki Shikibu部分“Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the world’s first novelist.(Murasaki Shikibu是一位日本女性，被广泛认为是世界上第一位小说家)”；根据Maria Sibylla Merian部分“She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects.(她是当时为数不多的真正研究活昆虫的博物学家之一)”；根据Ada Lovelace部分“Lovelace was the world’s first computer programmer.(洛夫蕾丝是世界上第一个计算机程序员)”；根据Lucy Stone部分“She became the first American married woman to keep her maiden name for her entire life.Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.(她成为美国第一个终生保留婚前姓氏的已婚妇女。Lucy Stone也是美国平等权利协会的创始成员之一，为结束奴隶制而斗)”可推知，这几位女性都是先驱。故选A。
B
When I am surfing the Web, I want to be drawn by articles on Europe’s political history, but I end up reading menus from Alcatraz prison. Why does that happen
Curiosity seems beyond your control, and trying to direct it sounds like forcing yourself to find a joke funny. But if you know what boosts curiosity, you may be able to understand it a little better.
During the evolution, curious animals were more likely to survive because they learned about their environments. Humans, too, will give up a known payoff to investigate the unknown. Scientists did some experiments. In the first experiment, subjects were asked to choose one of four photos, each carrying some chance of a cash prize. Photos repeated, so subjects learned to pick the best. But when a new photo appeared, they chose it more often than the familiar ones. This preference for new one is, of course, the reason why producers regularly change product packaging.
Also, curiosity improves learning. In the second experiment, subjects read simple questions and rated how curious each made them feel. Later, they saw the question again, each followed by a photo of a face, and judged whether that person looked as if he or she would know the answer. In a surprise final memory test for the faces, subjects better remembered those appearing after the questions that make them curious.
This function of curiosity—to heighten memory—is the key to understanding why we’re curious about some things instead of others. We feel most curious when exploration produces the most learning. Suppose I ask you, “what’s the most common type of star in the Milky Way ” You’ll obviously feel uninterested if you already know the answer. But you’ll also feel little curious if you know nothing about stars; if you learned the answer, you couldn’t connect it to other knowledge, so it would seem nearly meaningless. We’re maximally curious when we sense that the environment offers new information in the right part to complement what we already know.
24．Why does the author mention his own experience in Paragraph 1
A．To present a fact. B．To introduce a topic.
C．To make a prediction. D．To explain a concept.
25．Why do producers change the packaging of the products frequently
A．To attract customers’ interest. B．To follow the latest trend.
C．To represent companies’ creativity. D．To show the new products.
26．What can we learn from the experiments in Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．The questions in the second experiment were interesting.
B．In both experiments, subjects preferred to choose the new objects.
C．In the second experiment, curiosity contributed to the subjects’ better memory.
D．The new photos in the first experiment had higher possibilities of a cash prize.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Satisfying curiosity makes us feel pleased.
B．A well-known topic makes us most curious.
C．People are most curious about totally unfamiliar topic.
D．People will be most curious when the unknown hugs the known.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了激发好奇心的因素以及相关的研究。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I am surfing the Web, I want to be drawn by articles on Europe’s political history, but I end up reading menus from Alcatraz prison. Why does that happen (当我在网上冲浪时，我想被关于欧洲政治史的文章吸引，但我最终读到了恶魔岛监狱的菜单。为什么会这样？)”可推知，作者在第一段提到他自己的经历是为了引入文章话题——什么激发了好奇心。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But when a new photo appeared, they chose it more often than the familiar ones. This preference for new one is, of course, the reason why producers regularly change product packaging.(但当一张新照片出现时，他们选择它的频率要高于熟悉的照片。当然，这种对新包装的偏好也是生产商经常更换产品包装的原因)”可知，生产商经常更换产品的包装是为了吸引顾客的兴趣。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In a surprise final memory test for the faces, subjects better remembered those appearing after the questions that make them curious. (在对这些面孔进行的出人意料的最后记忆测试中，受试者更好地记住了那些让他们好奇的问题后出现的面孔)”可知，从第二个实验，我们可以了解到好奇心有助于受试者更好的记忆力。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But you’ll also feel little curious if you know nothing about stars; if you learned the answer, you couldn’t connect it to other knowledge, so it would seem nearly meaningless. We’re maximally curious when we sense that the environment offers new information in the right part to complement what we already know.(但如果你对恒星一无所知，你也会感到好奇；如果你知道了答案，你无法将它与其他知识联系起来，所以它看起来几乎毫无意义。当我们感觉到环境提供了正确的新信息来补充我们已经知道的信息时，我们会极大地好奇)”可推知，当未知拥抱已知时，人们最好奇。故选D。
C
Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.
The Living Planet Report (LPR) is produced every two years by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the Zoological Society of London. The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.
Although the average global loss of wildlife is 69%, the rate is greater in the global south. Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. Across the world, the biggest drop was in freshwater populations of wildlife — including almost 1,400 species of mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles — which have decreased by 83%.
The report identifies several causes for wildlife loss, including hunting, farming, the loss of forests, pollution and climate change. However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.
Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”, and said “we need to restore nature and not simply halt its loss.” In December 2022, world leaders are meeting in Montreal for the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference, also known as COP 15. The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”
28．What does the author mainly want to show by listing the numbers in the first three paragraphs
A．The causes of the urgent situation.
B．The detailed process of the research.
C．The severity of wildlife loss worldwide.
D．The drop in freshwater populations of wildlife
29．According to the report, what is a possible solution to population decline of wildlife
A．Stop hunting and farming.
B．Ban the production of wildlife food.
C．Offer legal protection of natural environment.
D．Replace the fossil fuels with renewable energy
30．What does the underlined word “halt” mean in the last paragraph
A．Accept. B．Stop. C．Fear. D．Suffer.
31．What is Lambertini’s attitude towards wildlife loss
A．Objective. B．Indifferent.
C．Ambiguous. D．Concerned.
【答案】28．C 29．C 30．B 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野生动物损失的严重性，因此需要全球共同努力，关注并解决该问题。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.(根据一份新的科学报告，在不到50年的时间里，世界各地的动物数量减少了69%。该报告的作者呼吁采取紧急行动来恢复自然世界)”以及第二段中“The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.(2022年10月13日发布的最新报告显示，1970年至2018年期间，全球近70%的受监测野生动物消失。该报告基于全球195个国家的研究。数据来自5230个物种的近32000个种群)”以及第三段中“Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. (拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的野生动物数量下降尤其严重，自1970年以来已经失去了94%的野生动物)”可知，作者主要想通过列举前三段的数字来展示世界范围内野生动物损失的严重性。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.(然而，该报告也提出了解决方案，例如设计破坏性较小的粮食生产系统，紧急保护亚马逊雨林，限制化石燃料的使用，以及制定新的法律来保护我们的自然环境)”可知，根据该报告，为自然环境提供法律保护是解决野生动物数量下降的一个可能的解决方案。故选C。
30．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”,( 在评论该报告时，世界自然基金会国际总干事马可·兰伯蒂尼称这些数字“令人恐惧”)”以及“we need to restore nature(我们需要恢复自然)”可知，面临野生动物数量急剧下降的情况，我们不仅仅是停止当前的损失，更需要做的是需要去恢复自然。由此可知，划线词halt与stop(停止)意思接近。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”(LPR的作者说，这是一个应对野生动物损失和恢复自然的全球计划的机会。兰伯蒂尼说：“政府领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。“全世界都在看着。”)”可知，兰伯蒂尼认为领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。由此推知，他对野生动物数量减少的态度是担心的。故选D。
D
Mass media are tools of communication. They allow us to record and pass information rapidly to a large, scattered audience. They extend our ability to each other by helping us overcome limits caused by time and space. Mass media can be divided into two groups: print media and electronic media. By print media, we mean books, newspapers and magazines. Electronic media include television, radio and movie.
There are a number of ways in which mass media make daily life easier for us. First, they inform and help us keep a watch on our world. They gather and pass on information we would be unlikely or unable to gain on our own.
Second, mass media help us to arrange our time and life. What we talk about and what we think about are greatly influenced by the media. When people get together, they tend to talk about certain happenings on the newspapers or on TV. Because we are provided with differing points of view through different kinds of media every day, we are able to comment on all sides of a certain issue.
Third, mass media help us to connect with various groups in society. Through mass media, we are able to keep in contact with politicians in the world; with famous actors and actresses, and with our beloved singers.
Fourth, the media help to socialize us. We learn about the preferred behavior and values from the people we meet as well as from the media. Through portrayals of people, the media tell us what proper behaviors are. By doing so, they teach us standards of behavior and values, and help us in our daily life.
Fifth, the media are used to persuade people. A good example is advertisements through the media. Newspapers, magazines and TV are filled with all kinds of colorful, persuasive advertisements. Though many advertisements may not say openly that they want you to buy a certain product, they describe their products in such a way that you may want to buy them.
Sixth, the media entertain. All of the media make some effort trying to entertain their audience. For example, even though the newspaper is a main medium of information, it also contains entertainment features. Many newspapers offer their readers at least some of the following: comics, fiction books and puzzle games, televisions and magazines are devoted mainly to entertainment. It is guessed that in the future, the entertainment function of mass media will become even more important than it is now.
32．The underlined word “portrayal” in paragraph 5 means ______.
A．photograph B．words
C．clothes D．description
33．According to the passage, which of the following statements isn’t true about mass media
A．Mass media have an effect on our speech and thoughts.
B．Mass media keep us informed and connected.
C．Mass media persuade us into buying what we don’t need at all.
D．Mass media help us spend time with others in a friendly way.
34．Which of the following isn’t included about mass media in the passage
A．entertainment B．sports
C．famous people D．advertisements
35．______ is an old form of mass media now.
A．Radio B．Computer
C．Mobile phone D．Television
【答案】32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文介绍了大众媒体给人们带来的好处。
32．词句猜测题。根据第五段“the media tell us what proper behaviors are. By doing so, they teach us standards of behavior and values, and help us in our daily life.”（媒体告诉我们什么是正确的行为。通过这样做，他们教导我们行为和价值观的标准，并帮助我们日常生活。）可知，通过对人的描绘，媒体告诉我们什么是正确的行为。故划线词的意思是“描绘”。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Newspapers, magazines and TV are filled with all kinds of colorful, persuasive advertisements. Though many advertisements may not say openly that they want you to buy a certain product, they describe their products in such a way that you may want to but them.”（报纸、杂志和电视上充斥着各种丰富多彩、具有说服力的广告。尽管许多广告可能不会公开表示他们想让你购买某种产品，但他们以你可能想要的方式描述他们的产品。）可知，C选项“大众媒体说服我们购买我们根本不需要的东西”错误。故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Through mass media, we are able to keep in contact with politicians in the world; with famous actors and actresses, and with our beloved singers.”（通过大众媒体，我们能够与世界上的政治家保持联系；与著名演员和我们喜爱的歌手一起），第六段“Fifth, the media are used to persuade people. A good example is advertisements through the media.”（第五，媒体是用来说服人们的。媒体广告就是一个很好的例子）以及最后一段“Sixth, the media entertain.”（媒体娱乐）可知，运动不是大众媒体涉及的内容。故选B项。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段“Electronic media include television, radio and movie.”（电子媒体包括电视、广播和电影）以及选项和常识可知，无线电是是一种古老的大众媒体。故选A项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
It is universally acknowledged that adults, especially older ones, can’t learn language as easily as children can. However, contrary to conventional thinking, a new study shows that adult learners, even as beginners, could process sentence structures in new language much like native speakers. 36 Follow these tips and you can make the process more fun and more successful.
Find your motivation.
Wish you had paid more attention in high school Spanish Consider why you didn’t. Perhaps all you wanted out of the class was a good grade, or to fulfill a graduation requirement. 37 But the most successful language students are internally motivated, sincerely absorbed in their own learning. So pick a language you are excited to use.
Pick your tools.
It might take some trial and error, but you will figure out which resources work best for you. Mobile apps such as Duolingo and Babbel gamify your learning. Consider a conversation-based class like Italki or Idlewild. And don’t neglect textbooks, grammar guides, and workbooks with answer keys. 38
Dive in.
39 Watch movies or listen to songs, even if they are just on in the background. Periodically look around you and see how many things you can name in the language you are studying. Or better yet, label items around your home with those words. You will have no choice but to see them and, in very little time, learn them.
40
Practicing with other people helps solidify what you’ve already learned and make you more aware of which ideas you are able to express. These don’t need to be native speakers you chat with, though various websites and apps such as , HelloTalk, and TalkAbroad can connect you with some.
A．Get social.
B．Don’t sweat your mistakes.
C．Linguists call them external motivators.
D．Involve yourself in the chosen language as much as you can.
E．Knowing multiple languages can make you seem more attractive.
F．So if you dream of learning another language, your age does not disqualify you.
G．You may even enjoy children’s stories with simple vocabularies and accessible narratives.
【答案】36．F 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些学习语言的建议。
36．根据上文“It is universally acknowledged that adults, especially older ones, can’t learn language as easily as children can. However, contrary to conventional thinking, a new study shows that adult learners, even as beginners, could process sentence structures in new language much like native speakers.(众所周知，成年人，尤其是老年人，学习语言不如儿童那么容易。然而，与传统思维相反，一项新的研究表明，成年学习者，即使是初学者，也能像母语人士一样处理新语言的句子结构)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出学习另一种语言，年龄不是问题所在。故F选项“所以，如果你梦想学习另一种语言，你的年龄并不会使你失去资格”符合语境，故选F。
37．根据上文“Perhaps all you wanted out of the class was a good grade, or to fulfill a graduation requirement.(也许你想从这门课上得到的只是一个好成绩，或者满足毕业要求)”以及后文“But the most successful language students are internally motivated, sincerely absorbed in their own learning. So pick a language you are excited to use.(但是，最成功的语言学生都是发自内心地投入到学习中去的。所以选择一种你喜欢使用的语言)”可知，本句是在说明上文提到的想从这门课上得到的只是一个好成绩，或者满足毕业要求，这些只是外部的激励因素。故C选项“语言学家称之为外部激励因素”符合语境，故选C。
38．根据上文“It might take some trial and error, but you will figure out which resources work best for you. Mobile apps such as Duolingo and Babble gamify your learning. Consider a conversation-based class like Italki or Idlewild. And don’t neglect textbooks, grammar guides, and workbooks with answer keys.(这可能需要一些尝试和错误，但你会发现哪些资源最适合你。Duolingo和Babble等移动应用程序将学习游戏化。考虑一下Italki或Idlewild这样的基于对话的课程。不要忽视教科书、语法指南和带答案的练习册)”可知，本段说明了需要尝试和错误，本句为本段最后一句，旨在鼓励不要为错误而担忧。故B选项“不要为你的错误而烦恼”符合语境，故选B。
39．根据标题“Dive in.(沉浸其中)”以及后文“Watch movies or listen to songs, even if they are just on in the background. Periodically look around you and see how many things you can name in the language you are studying. Or better yet, label items around your home with those words. You will have no choice but to see them and, in very little time, learn them.(看电影或听歌曲，即使它们只是在背景音乐中播放。定期看看你周围，看看你能用你正在学习的语言说出多少东西的名字。或者更好的做法是，在家里的物品上贴上这样的标签。你将别无选择，只能看到他们，在很短的时间内，学习他们)”可知，后文的内容说明了要让自己沉浸在语言环境中。故D选项“尽可能多地让自己参与所选语言的学习”符合语境，故选D。
40．根据本段内容“Practicing with other people helps solidify what you’ve already learned and make you more aware of which ideas you are able to express. These don’t need to be native speakers you chat with, though various websites and apps such as , HelloTalk, and TalkAbroad can connect you with some.(和其他人一起练习有助于巩固你已经学到的东西，让你更清楚自己能够表达哪些想法。这些人不需要是你聊天的母语人士，尽管各种网站和应用程序，如, HelloTalk和TalkAbroad可以帮你联系上一些人)”可知，后文提到了和其他人一起练习，说明是通过社交来学习。故A选项“去社交”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity, even minor distractions can have a huge effect. According to a study, regaining our 41 drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes.
Multitasking, as many studies have shown, is a myth. A more accurate account of what happens when we tell ourselves we are multitasking is that we’re rapidly 42 between activities, sucking our mental energy. And the 43 can be surprisingly serious. An experiment found that we lose as many as 10 IQ points when we allow our work to be 44 by distractions like emails and text messages.
The 45 is that multitasking is enjoyable. It’s fun to satisfy your curiosity. Who knows what that next email or text message holds 46 Finding out provides immediate satisfaction. In contrast, 47 distractions and staying on task requires discipline and mental effort. So, what are we to do Our strategy is to change the 48 to move temptation further away: shut down your email program or 49 your phone. It’s a lot easier to stay on task when you’re not continuously fighting off mental desires. The 50 , which most of us consider common, is similar to dieting in a bakery. We all need the willpower to resist the temptations, but doing so comes with considerable costs to our limited supply of willpower.
Another worthwhile 51 is to collect similar activities together, keeping transition time to a 52 point. Instead of spreading phone calls, meetings and emails throughout your day, try 53 related tasks so that there are fewer transitions.
In some jobs, multitasking is 54 . Some of us truly do need to stay connected to our clients, colleagues and managers. So it’s worth noting that limiting disruptions is the only solution. Remember the more you do to minimize task switching over the course of the day, the more ability you’ll have for activities that actually 55 . Even small changes can make a big difference.
41．A．inner B．personal C．initial D．ambitious
42．A．planning B．counting C．swapping D．switching
43．A．benefits B．reasons C．consequences D．challenges
44．A．changed B．interrupted C．guided D．adapted
45．A．trouble B．emphasis C．advantage D．practice
46．A．in stock B．in store C．in check D．in possession
47．A．leaving B．creating C．resisting D．mistaking
48．A．expectation B．task C．environment D．vision
49．A．answer B．silence C．replace D．pick
50．A．alternative B．task C．account D．access
51．A．research B．aspect C．reaction D．approach
52．A．minimum B．maximum C．turning D．fixed
53．A．analyzing B．grouping C．assigning D．undertaking
54．A．disturbing B．annoying C．unavoidable D．unnecessary
55．A．matter B．function C．work D．interfere
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．C 49．B 50．A 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述当我们专心于某件事情的时候，即使是很小的分心，也会产生较大影响，所以多任务是不被鼓励的但是有时候是不可避免的，所以我们可以学会把相似的事情分成一组，同时做，这样可以减少转换时间，减少脑力消耗。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。A. inner内部的，内心的；B. personal个人的；C. initial最初的；D. ambitious雄心勃勃的。根据前文“Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity”可知，当我们全神贯注于一项活动时，分心之后获得最初的动力大约要花费20分钟。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们告诉自己正在多任务处理时，更准确的解释是，我们在各种活动之间快速切换，消耗了我们的精神能量。A. planning计划；B. counting起作用；C. swapping交换；D. switching转换。根据前文“Multitasking”以及后文的“between activities”可知，此处强调，当我们在处理多任务的时候，我们需要在各个活动之间快速切换。故选D。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：影响可能是惊人地严重。A. benefits益处；B. reasons理由；C. consequences结果；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“An experiment found that we lose as many as 10 IQ points when we allow our work to be ___4___ by distractions like emails and text messages.”可知，通过实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点，这个影响是惊人地严重。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个实验发现如果我们允许那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作，例如邮箱和信息，我们或许丢失10个智商点。A. changed改变；B. interrupted打扰；C. guided指导；D. adapted适应。根据后文“by distractions like emails and text messages”可知，那些让人分心的东西中断我们的工作。故选B。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人烦恼的是多任务是有趣的。A. trouble麻烦，烦恼；B. emphasis重点；C. advantage优势；D. practice实践。根据后文“It’s fun to satisfy your curiosity.”可知，进行多任务是有趣的，因为它能够满足你的好奇心。故设空处与前文构成转折关系，虽然处理多重任务有着惊人地消极影响，但让人烦扰的是它却是有趣的。故选A。
46．考查介词短语辨析。句意：谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息？A. in stock有存货；B. in store贮存着，将要发生；C. in check在控制中；D. in possession拥有。根据后文“next email or text message”可知，谁知道那个下一个邮箱或者短信贮藏着什么信息。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，抵制干扰和专注于任务需要自律和精神努力。A. leaving离开；B. creating创造；C. resisting抵制；D. mistaking认错。根据前文“In contrast”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，前文讲述出于好奇，人们会被短信或者邮箱所吸引走，但是此处表示要抵制干扰。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的策略是改变环境，远离诱惑：关闭你的电子邮件程序或让手机静音。A. expectation期望；B. task工作，任务；C. environment环境；D. vision视觉。根据后文“move temptation further away: shut down your email program or ___9___ your phone.”可知，通过关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. answer回答；B. silence使沉默；C. replace取代；D. pick挑拣。根据前文“shut down your email program”可知，此处表示关闭电子邮件程序或者手机静音的方式改变环境。故选B。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种选择，我们大多数人都认为很常见，类似于在面包店节食。A. alternative可选择的事务；B. task任务；C. account账户；D. access通道。根据后文“is similar to dieting in a bakery”可知，我们抵制干扰和专注于任务就像在面包店节食一样的选择。故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个有价值的方法是将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。A. research研究；B. aspect方面；C. reaction反应；D. approach途径。根据前文“Our strategy is to change the ______ to move temptation further away.”可知，此处强调另外一个抵制干扰和专注于任务的方法。故选D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. minimum最小的；B. maximum最大的；C. turning转变的；D. fixed固定的。根据前文“According to a study, regaining our ______ drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes.”以及“collect similar activities together”可知，此处强调将类似的活动收集在一起，将过渡时间保持在最小值。故选A。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组，这样就可以减少过渡。A. analyzing分析；B. grouping聚集；C. assigning指派；D. undertaking承担。根据前文“Instead of spreading phone calls, meetings and emails throughout your day”可知，不要把电话、会议和电子邮件分散在你的一天中，试着把相关的任务分组。故选B。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。A. disturbing令人困扰的；B. annoying令人恼怒的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据后文“Some of us truly do need to stay connected to our clients, colleagues and managers. ”可知，在某些工作中，多任务处理是不可避免的。故选C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住，你在一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事情。A. matter要紧；B. function发挥功能；C. work有效果；D. interfere干涉。根据后文“Even small changes can make a big difference.”可知，此处强调一天中尽可能少地切换任务，你就有更多的能力去做真正重要的事。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Lushan is located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. Lushan National Park 56 (occupy) a total area of 30, 200 hectares and its 57 (high)Peak, Hanyang Peak, is 1, 474 meters above sea level. Bordered on the north by the Yangtze River and on the south by Poyang Lake, Mount Lushan presents an 58 (appeal) scene of river, hills and lake, the beauty of 59 has attracted spiritual leaders, scholars, artists and writers for over 2, 000 years. More than 200 historic buildings are located in the Lushan National Park. These include the Buddhist East Grove Temple complex 60 (begin) by Huiyuan in 386 CE…Other important features include the stone single-span Guan Ying Bridge of 1, 015 CE and more than 900 inscriptions on cliffs and stone 61 (tablet).
Mount Lushan has an important place in Chinese history and culture. It is 62 outstanding representative of Chinese landscape culture, as well as a remarkable model of Chinese academy-based education. The significant cultural developments and political events occurring over the course of Lushan’s history 63 (influence) the recent course of Chinese history over the past decades. The natural beauty of Lushan is perfectly integrated with its historic buildings and features, creating a unique cultural landscape powerfully associated with Chinese spiritual 64 cultural life.
In 1982, Mount Lushan became one of the first National Scenic Areas and one of the First Class National Nature Reserves. All attributes of Mount Lushan are 65 (effective) protected by the laws and regulations for the protection of cultural heritage and its setting. Any measures and projects that may significantly impact the heritage value must be authorized by the relevant national authorities.
【答案】
56．occupies 57．highest
58．appealing 59．which 60．begun
61．tablets 62．an 63．have influenced 64．and 65．effectively
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国庐山及其自然公园。
56．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：庐山国家公园占地总面积30200公顷，其最高峰汉阳峰海拔1474米。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以空处动词作谓语；本句是介绍庐山的事实，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态；空前主语是第三人称单数，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填occupies。
57．考查形容词最高级。句意：同上。结合常识可知，汉阳峰是庐山最高峰，所以空处形容词需用其最高级形式。故填highest。
58．考查形容词。句意：庐山北临长江，南临鄱阳湖，呈现出一幅河、山、湖的迷人景色，它的美丽吸引了2000多年来的精神领袖、学者、艺术家和作家。空处需用形容词作定语修饰空后名词scene ；appeal对应的形容词为appealing“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
59．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，介词of后需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句；先行词是Mount Lushan，指物，关系词在定语从句中作of的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中包括公元386年由慧远开始的佛教东林寺建筑群……。本句已有谓语动词include ，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；由空后介词by可知，空处动词与空前名词之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填begun。
61．考查名词的数。句意：其他重要的特色包括公元1015年的石制单跨关营桥和900多处悬崖和石碑上的碑文。tablet为可数名词，表示多个碑文，由此可知，空处名词需用复数。故填tablets。
62．考查冠词。句意：它是中国山水文化的杰出代表，也是中国书院教育的卓越典范。空处需用不定冠词an/a泛指一种中国山水文化的杰出代表，outstanding是以元音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词an。故填an。
63．考查时态。句意：庐山历史上发生的重大文化发展和政治事件影响了中国近几十年来的历史进程。分析句子结构可知，空处需用动词作谓语；由空后时间状语“over the past decades(在过去的几十年中)”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是and连接的两个并列主语，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have influenced。
64．考查连词。句意：庐山的自然美景与历史建筑和特色完美结合，创造了一个独特的文化景观，与中国人的精神文化生活紧密相连。此处需用连词and连接并列的两个形容词作定语修饰空后名词。故填and。
65．考查副词。句意：庐山的所有属性都受到文化遗产保护法律法规的有效保护。空处需用副词作状语修饰空后动词；effective对应的副词为effectively“有效地”。故填effectively。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
运动有很多好处，它在生活中起着非常重要的作用。学会运动也就学会了生活。请你根据自己对运动的理解，用英语谈谈运动对你的好处。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 标题已给出；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sport Benefits Me A Lot
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sport Benefits Me A Lot
Sport plays an essential role in our lives. As for me, it benefits me in the following aspects.
First, it teaches me character. By doing sport, I become strong, determined, brave and persistent. Second, it teaches me to play by the rules. It is necessary and fair for me to obey rules when I get involved in sport competitions. Finally, it teaches me to know what it feels like to win and lose. Winning does provide me with pride and confidence while losing helps me to face failure and frustration in a correct way.
To sum up, sport does me good both physically and mentally, which enables me to live a full life.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生根据自己对运动的理解，用英语谈谈运动的好处。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：essential→ important
首先：first→ first of all
最后：finally → last but not least
总之：to sum up→ in one word
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, it teaches me character. By doing sport, I become strong, determined, brave and persistent.
拓展句：First, it teaches me character, because when I am doing sport, I become strong, determined, brave and persistent.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is necessary and fair for me to obey rules when I get involved in sport competitions.（运用了when引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Finally, it teaches me to know what it feels like to win and lose.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
You never know the difference you might make unless you take the time to encourage someone.
I gave up the idea of being a writer the summer before I started college. I’d been writing since I was five years old. My little friends wanted toys at that time, but I just wanted paper. Childhood passed and a box of short stories gave way to my middle school days. I wrote for a magazine and by the time I was in my eighth grade, half of the annual publications were written by me. Sometimes I’d dream about being a novelist, writing books that everyone might read. My dad was always sure that it would happen. When he read my poems or stories, his eyes welled up. “That’s beautiful, honey,” he always told me. “One day, the entire world will know what a gift you have.” Those words encouraged me through high school to keep believing that writing was my calling.
But somewhere along the months of my senior year I became disappointed. The crazy injustice in this world—bad guys, getting back out on the street and doing harm again and again, changed my mind. “I’m going to be a lawyer in the future,” I told my parents. My dad’s face fell, but he kept his smile. “Whatever you do, you’ll be brilliant at it,” he said to me.
One of my first classes at college was Journalism 100. One day, the professor, Bob Scheibel, assigned us a story about an apartment fire. He gave us the facts and we had a few days to write a news story.
I was sure that I had got the facts right when I wrote the story. I didn’t expect much feedback. But a few days later, Bob Scheibel asked me to talk to him after class. Questions raced through my mind. What had I done wrong Had I got the facts mixed up Did I miss anything critical in the details Five minutes after the class, I found myself in front of the professor. His eyes met mine with great seriousness.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
The professor asked whether I had read an article about this event on the newspapers.
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Since then, I began to devote myself to writing and later in the school and city writing competitions.
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【答案】范文
The professor asked whether I had read an article about this event on the newspapers. I shook my head and said no. “This is the first time that I have heard of this story,” I replied. “What you have written is brilliant. You’ve done a very good job,” the professor said. “I think you have a talent for writing things.” As saying this, he handed the writing assignment to me and I saw a bright “A+” on the paper. Walking out of the teachers’ office, I felt my heart soaring like a bird into the sky. The teacher’s encouragement brightened my day.
Since then, I began to devote myself to writing and later in the school and city writing competitions. I got numerous awards and honours. All these achievements acted as a motivation for me to dream of being a writer in the future. Now my dream has come true. I am one of the famous novelists in our city. The teacher’s words will always be embedded in my heart because it is his encouragement that has set up a path for my future. Thank you, my dear teacher.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者从小有写作的天赋，在大四时，作者写了一个关于公寓失火的故事，得到了老师的赏识和肯定，最后作者致力于写作，成为了著名作家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“教授问我是否在报纸上读过一篇关于这件事的文章”可知，第一段可描写教授肯定作者，作者收到鼓舞。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，我开始致力于写作，后来参加了学校和城市的写作比赛”可知，第二段可描写作者投身写作最终成为作家。
2.续写线索：教授询问——教授肯定——作者受鼓舞——致力于写作——成为作家——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
有天赋：have a talent for / have a gift for
投入：devote oneself to/commit oneself to
点亮：brighten/light up
情绪类
出色：brilliant /excellent
著名：famous /noted
【点睛】[高分句型1] What you have written is brilliant. (运用了what引导主语从句)
[高分句型2] Walking out of the teachers’ office, I felt my heart soaring like a bird into the sky. (运用了现在分词作状语)
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