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湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷(四)
英语试题
时量120分钟 满分150分
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1. Where is the man going
A. Kennedy. B. London. C. New York.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. A disease. B. A co-worker. C. A doctor.
3. What does the man intend to do
A. Make friends. B. Collect papers. C. Do the typing.
4. What is the man doing
A. Asking for information. B. Giving directions. C. Waiting for a bus.
5. What does the man want to know
A. How to make dessert. B. How to solve problems. C. How to understand expressions.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the woman’s flight
A. It failed to take off on time.
B. It was called off without notice.
C. It arrived about two hours earlier.
7. Where docs the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. At the airport.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. How long is the woman going to stay at the hotel
A. For two nights. B. For three nights. C. For four nights.
9. Why are the prices for the two double rooms different
A. The rooms have different views.
B. The rooms are different in size.
C. The rooms are of different shapes.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至13题。
10. When is the woman supposed to finish her essay
A. By this Saturday. B. By next Monday. C. By next Friday.
11. Why is the woman behind with her writing class
A. She was ill.
B. The course is too difficult.
C. She is busy with her reading task.
12. What does the man think of his college life
A. Busy. B. Boring. C. Colorful.
13. What is the woman probably going to do on the 28th
A. Visit an exhibition. B. Attend a party. C. Watch a play.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man doing
A. Introducing the woman to his neighbors.
B Giving the woman advice on how to find a flat.
C. Showing the woman around the neighborhood.
15. What is the woman eager to do
A. Visit the night market.
B. Jog in the high school.
C. Shop in convenience stores.
16. Why does the woman look for a library
A. To get some information. B. To find a map of the city. C. To borrow some books.
17. Where will the speakers go next
A. To a restaurant. B. To a bookstore. C. To a park.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. What should a public speaker avoid doing according to the woman
A. Talking too loudly. B. Speaking too fast. C. Saying too much.
19. Why should the closing of a speech be carefully planned
A. It’s usually the most remembered part.
B. It’s the last chance to make your point.
C. It’s as important as the opening words.
20. What does the woman suggest a public speaker do during the speech
A. Show a good sense of humor.
B. Motivate the audience to act.
C. Meet challenges with courage.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Yale University’s Thanksgiving festivities! Join us for a variety of events, blending tradition and community spirit for everyone.
Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck (百家餐)
Time: Thanksgiving Day, 10:30 AM - 1:30 PM
Location: Yale Old Campus
Activities: Immerse yourself in the vibrant Thanksgiving parade featuring spirited floats, the Yale marching band, and talented performers. Following the parade, join the campus potluck on Old Campus. Contribute a dish to share and connect with fellow Yale students. This cherished tradition is an excellent opportunity to experience the warmth of the Yale community.
Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts Showcase
Time : Thanksgiving Morning, 9:00 AM
Location: Yale Art Gallery
Activities: Discover a diverse array of arts and crafts meticulously crafted by Yale’s talented artists. Find unique, handmade gifts for the upcoming holiday season and enjoy live performances and local food vendors. Kick-start your holiday shopping while supporting the artistic talents thriving within the Y ale community.
Turkey Dash 5K Run
Time: The Weekend Before Thanksgiving, 9:30 AM
Location: Yale Bowl
Activities: Begin your Thanksgiving weekend with a spirited 5K run or walk around the picturesque Yale Bowl. Open to all fitness levels, participants are encouraged to bring extra goods to give them to local charities, promoting wellness and community support.
Gobble ‘n’ Games Family Fest
Time: The Saturday Before Thanksgiving, 2:00 PM - 6:00 PM
Location: Beinecke Plaza
Activities: Bring your family for an afternoon of joy and games at Beinecke Plaza. Enjoy sack races (袋鼠跳), face painting, pumpkin decorating, and a pie-eating contest. Local food trucks will be on-site to keep you fueled. This family-friendly event is a delightful way to usher in the holiday season with laughter and connection.
1. What do Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck, and Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts Showcase have in common
A. Both events occur on Thanksgiving Day.
B. Free handmade gifts are provided at both events.
C. Participants should be students on old campus.
D. Both activities have a long history.
2. What is encouraged at the Turkey Dash 5K Run event
A. Bringing a Turkey for Thanksgiving Day.
B. Donating food to organizations for helping people in need.
C. Wearing costumes representing who you are.
D. Having a recommendation from your own community.
3. Which of the following is NOT the attraction of the Gobble ‘n’ Games Family Fest
A Face painting. B. A pie-eating contest. C. Pumpkin decorating. D. Truck racing.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了耶鲁大学的几项感恩节庆祝活动。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck”部分中的“Time: Thanksgiving Day, 10:30 AM - 1:30 PM(时间：感恩节上午10:30——下午1:30)”和“Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts Showcase”部分中的“Time : Thanksgiving Morning, 9:00 AM(时间：感恩节早上9点)”可知，感恩节游行、校园聚餐和感恩节工艺品展示的共同之处是都发生在感恩节。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Turkey Dash 5K Run”部分中的“Open to all fitness levels, participants are encouraged to bring extra goods to give them to local charities, promoting wellness and community support.(所有健身水平的参与者都可以参加，鼓励他们携带额外的物品捐给当地的慈善机构，促进健康和社区支持。)”可知，在土耳其短跑5公里跑活动中鼓励向组织捐赠食物帮助有需要的人。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Gobble ‘n’ Games Family Fest”部分中的“Enjoy sack races (袋鼠跳), face painting, pumpkin decorating, and a pie-eating contest.(享受袋鼠跳、面部彩绘、南瓜装饰和吃派比赛。)”可知，“卡车赛车”不是Gobble ‘n’ Games家庭聚会的吸引点。故选D。
B
Young soldiers, far away from home and missing their families, discover a bear cub. That’s how the story of Wojtek begins, back in 1942. He was alone in the mountains of Iran; nobody knows how he got there.
When the exhausted Polish soldiers came upon Wojtek, they were immediately struck with emotions. They had been away from their loved ones for a long time. They needed something to pick their spirits up. So, they nursed the baby bear with milk from a bottle and named him Wojtek, which means: a warrior to whom fighting brings joy.
Wojtek was officially adopted into the army. He traveled with the army to the Middle East, providing comradery and entertainment. He would wrestle with the men, chase after oranges they cast for him and follow them about like a puppy. He became their connection to humanity in a time when the light of peace seemed so far away. And, like a child, he was also playful. In the desert heat, he learned how to break into the showers and turn on the water. He could also be seen pulling trunks of empty gun shells with the men or standing at attention in formation. Wojtek was also the chief frightener of new members: He would literally bear hug them and hold them upside down for a good laugh.
Getting through the hardship of war takes something extraordinary, something unexpectedly dangerous to preserve your mental state. That’s what Wojtek did for the men who had been so long in the fog and uncertainty of World War II. A playful bear became the symbol of strength and adaptability. Thankfully, wars ended but Wojtek was not forgotten. He was shipped with a group of men to a farm in Scotland, which was a fitting place to retire for a bear with so much military experience. Wojtek was a local celebrity. Stories of him kicking a soccer ball, attending local dances and parties, and enjoying jam and honey are still told today. And to everyone who knew him, Wojtek was the one that made a difficult time a little more bearable.
4. How did the Polish soldiers react after they found the bear
A. They were hit by the bear. B. They accepted him and fed him.
C. They called Wojtek names. D. They brought joy to him like warriors.
5. Which of the following is TRUE about Wojtek’ s experience in the army
A. He would run after and eat up the oranges thrown by the soldiers.
B. He could pull branches with the soldiers to the army camp.
C. He would stand and listen attentively for information.
D. He would play tricks on those newly-joined soldiers.
6. What happened to Wojtek after World War II
A. He became famous and brought joy to the locals in a farm in Scotland.
B. He settled down with the Polish army in a farm in Scotland.
C. He enjoyed his life in another army in a farm in Scotland.
D. He was shipped to his hometown with the help of the Polish soldiers.
7. What is the best title of the passage
A. Wojtek: The Wild Warrior in the Desert Storm
B. Wojtek: From the Frontlines to a Hairy Friend
C. Bearing Witness: The Remarkable Tale of the Polish Army
D. A Lifelong Bear Friend with the Scottish Locals
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了二战期间波兰士兵发现了一只被遗弃的小熊，士兵们接受了这只小熊，后来这只小熊跟随士兵们上前线，为士兵们提供了精神上的慰藉。二战结束后，士兵们把这只叫做Wojtek的熊送到了苏格兰的一个农场去养老，同时，它也给当地的人们带去了欢乐。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“So, they nursed the baby bear with milk from a bottle and named him Wojtek, which means: a warrior to whom fighting brings joy. (于是，他们用奶瓶里的奶喂养了这只小熊，并给它起名叫Wojtek，意思是‘一个以战斗为乐的战士’)”可知，波兰士兵发现小熊后，接受了它并开始用奶喂养它。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“Wojtek was also the chief frightener of new members: He would literally bear hug them and hold them upside down for a good laugh. (Wojtek也是新成员的主要惊吓者：他真的会忍不住给他们熊抱，把他们倒立过来，开怀大笑)”可知，Wojtek经常会捉弄那些新加入的士兵。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数后三句话“Wojtek was a local celebrity. Stories of him kicking a soccer ball, attending local dances and parties, and enjoying jam and honey are still told today. And to everyone who knew him, Wojtek was the one that made a difficult time a little more bearable. (Wojtek是当地的名人。他踢足球、参加当地舞会和派对、享用果酱和蜂蜜的故事至今仍在流传。对于所有认识他的人来说，Wojtek让那个艰难的时刻变得更容易忍受)”可知，二战结束后，Wojtek在当地非常有名，给农场的人们带来了欢乐。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本篇文章主要讲述了小熊Wojtek在战时被士兵收养，他在战场上给士兵们带去了慰藉。战争结束后，他被送到苏格兰的农场养老，给当地的人们带去了欢乐。所以“Wojtek：从前线到毛茸茸的朋友”概括了大意，适合作本文的标题。故选B。
C
Powerful demand for Huawei products is fueling investor interest in the shares of its suppliers, which have resisted declines in the broader mainland Chinese stock (股票) market.
Expectations that the Chinese technology company may continue to see strong sales for recently launched products are sending stocks of some of Huawei’s suppliers to record highs.
Analysts say the successful launch of the M7 car model by Huawei-backed electric-vehicle brand Aito could see order books continue to swell, based on the response to the launch during a national holiday known as the Golden Week.
Shares of Seres Group, an Aito partner, and Ningbo Shenglong Automotive Powertrain System, a car-parts manufacturer, have risen by the 10% daily limit on the Shanghai Stock Exchange this week since the mainland markets reopened for trading after the holiday. The benchmark (基准) Shanghai Composite Index dropped 0. 7% in Tuesday trading.
“Aito’s sales have been propelled by the new M7 model, up sharply compared with monthly sales of below 10,000 units as of August,” Shengang Securities analyst Xute Cao said in a note.
“Sales in the fourth quarter are expected to improve significantly on month,” Cao added.
Separately, stocks of Huawei’s component suppliers have also gained following the launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model in late September.
Ofilm Group advanced 9. 9% on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on Tuesday and has, gained 21% so far this week, while Vanchip(Tianjin) Technology rose as much as 10%, and has added around 8% this week. By contrast, the technology-heavy Shenzhen Stock Exchange closed down 0.4% Tuesday.
“We sense that investor interest in the smartphone supply chain has increased after iPhone and Mate 60 launch and anticipation of smartphone demand bottoming, “ Citigroup analyst Kyna Wong said in a note after the bank’s recent meeting with institutional investors, about China’s tech sector.
“Huawei’s return could have implications on market share and competition in the tech-hardware sector,” Wong said.
“Component makers could benefit from restarting spec (规格) upgrade and operating leverage (运营杠杆) from volume growth ( regardless of market-share shift), “ Wong said.
8. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To provide a detailed history of Huawei’s market share in the technology industry.
B. To discuss the impact of Huawei’s return to the global technology market.
C. To analyze the financial performance of Huawei’s suppliers.
D. To provide a profile of Huawei’s electric-vehicle brand Aito.
9. What is increasing investor interest in the shares of Huawei s suppliers
A. The national holiday known as the Golden Week.
B. An increase in competition in the tech- hardware sector.
C. The broader mainland Chinese stock market.
D. Strong sales for recently launched Huawei products.
10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “propelled” in paragraph 5
A. driven forward B. replaced C. overtaken D. blocked
11. Why are Ofilm Group and Vanchip (Tianjin) Technology mentioned in the article
A. To give an example of Huawei’s component suppliers profiting following the launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model.
B. To show that, compared with other companies, they had much better performance on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.
C. To demonstrate that they are electric-manufacturing partnered with Huawei.
D. To show that they are Huawei’s strong competitors in the smartphone market.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。报道了华为供应商股票受需求推动上涨，Aito的M7车型销量强劲，华为Mate 60推出也促进了组件供应商股票上涨。华为回归或改变科技硬件市场竞争格局。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Powerful demand for Huawei products is fueling investor interest in the shares of its suppliers, which have resisted declines in the broader mainland Chinese stock (股票) market.(市场对华为产品的强劲需求激发了投资者对华为供应商股票的兴趣，这些公司的股票顶住了中国内地股市整体下跌的冲击)”以及倒数第二段““Huawei’s return could have implications on market share and competition in the tech-hardware sector,” Wong said.(“华为的回归可能会对市场份额和技术硬件领域的竞争产生影响，”Wong说)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲华为的回归对全球科技市场的潜在影响，包括对市场份额，零部件制造商和电动品牌车的影响。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Powerful demand for Huawei products is fueling investor interest in the shares of its suppliers, which have resisted declines in the broader mainland Chinese stock (股票) market.(市场对华为产品的强劲需求激发了投资者对华为供应商股票的兴趣，这些公司的股票顶住了中国内地股市整体下跌的冲击)”以及第二段“Expectations that the Chinese technology company may continue to see strong sales for recently launched products are sending stocks of some of Huawei’s suppliers to record highs.(对于这家中国科技公司最近推出的产品可能会继续保持强劲销售的预期，将华为一些供应商的股票推至创纪录高位)”可知，因为最近推出的华为产品销售强劲，所以让投资者对华为供应商的股票越来越感兴趣。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“up sharply compared with monthly sales of below 10,000 units as of August(与8月份的月销量不足1万台相比，销量大幅上升)”可知，Aito的销量大增，应是受到M7车型的推动导致的，推知propelled意为“推动”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“Separately, stocks of Huawei’s component suppliers have also gained following the launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model in late September.(另外，在9月底Mate 60智能手机发布后，华为零部件供应商的股票也有所上涨)”以及第八段“Ofilm Group advanced 9. 9% on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on Tuesday and has, gained 21% so far this week, while Vanchip(Tianjin) Technology rose as much as 10%, and has added around 8% this week.(Ofilm Group领先9名。该股周二在深圳证券交易所(Shenzhen Stock Exchange)上涨9%，本周迄今已累计上涨21%，而Vanchip(Tianjin) Technology涨幅高达10%，本周累计上涨约8%)”可知，文章中会提到Ofilm Group和Vanchip(Tianjin) Technology，是为了举个例子，华为的零部件供应商在Mate 60智能手机发布后获利。故选A项。
D
Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone, when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression It may seem like they have consciously copied you, but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon (变色龙) effect at play.
The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.
The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999. The part of their experiment included 78 people, who each spoke with an experimenter. During the test, Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before, like moving the foot and touching the face. The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.
In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts. The second stage involved half of the participants being copied, and then rating the likability of the experimenter. The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.
The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive. However, when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme, they can lose their sense of self. Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected. But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice. Next time you are in a social gathering, take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.
12. Why do people imitate others’ behavior
A. To show admiration for others. B. To adapt to the surroundings.
C. To establish a connection with others. D. To attract others’ attention.
13. How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviors
A. By directing their attention to a photo. B. By keeping an eye on their actions.
C. By telling them the purpose of the study. D. By evaluating the impacts of imitation.
14. What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment
A People tend to like those who imitate their behavior.
B. Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.
C. People imitating others are not easy to be detected.
D. The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
15. Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage
A. Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.
B. People change their habits to please others on purpose.
C. A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.
D. A husband and his wife share similar behaviors over time.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于变色龙效应的研究，告诉我们人们通过习得他人的行为来拉近彼此之间的距离，顺畅互动。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.(变色龙效应是指无意识地模仿他人的手势或行为。就像变色龙试图匹配任何环境的颜色一样，人们获得他人的行为，使他们更紧密地联系在一起，使他们的互动更顺畅)”可知，他们通过模仿他人的行为来让他们的距离变得更近。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts.(在第一阶段，参与者在与实验人员谈论一张照片时，触摸脸部的次数增加了20%，移动脚的次数增加了50%。这些人并没有意识到他们被研究的目的，这张照片被用来吸引他们的注意力，以确保无意识的行为)”可知，调查者使用了一张照片, 以吸引他们的注意力，并确保他们的无意识行为。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.(结果显示，那些被模仿的人给实验者的分数更高。研究表明，当有人模仿我们的行为时，我们会对他们产生更积极的感觉。这些互动可能是一个人无意识地想要被喜欢，并形成一个联系的时刻)”可知，我们对模仿我们行为的人会产生积极的情绪，所以人们会喜欢那些模仿自己行为的人。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.(变色龙效应是指无意识地模仿他人的手势或行为。就像变色龙试图匹配任何环境的颜色一样，人们获得他人的行为，使他们更紧密地联系在一起，使他们的互动更顺畅)”可知，变色龙效应是指人们不自觉地模仿他人的姿态或行为，而丈夫和妻子随着时间的推移共同拥有相似的行为，是典型的变色龙效应的例子。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civilization. Back then, as well as today, providing food and security was the basic task for a person. ___16___People feel the need for not only some primary things, such as a piece of bread and a roof over their heads, but also for various facilities and luxuries. Providing humanity with these things is connected to the use of natural resources, which requires energy. The problem is that the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so economic growth is almost inevitably associated with environmental damage.
___17___One of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products, the construction of large industrial plants is required. These plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long-term health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people.
Industrial manufacturing leads to the constantly increasing energy consumption. ___18___There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings. ___19___This is expensive and has harmful effects on the environment. For example, application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed, which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. ___20___And it is important to remember that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.
For these reasons, bringing about economic growth without resulting in any environmental damage is impossible.
A. It’s certain that economic growth contributes a lot to our society.
B. The traditional energy sources, which are commonly used nowadays, are considered to be the greatest polluters to the environment.
C. However, nowadays the range of required goods has expanded significantly.
D. There are certain aspects of economic growth which affect the environment.
E. Weather conditions, on the contrary, remains the same.
F. Consequently, the pressure balance that is brought about by this current will be affected.
G. What’s more, to produce economically practical energy, people unavoidably have to transform natural site.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么经济发展无法避免环境破坏的原因。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civilization. Back then, as well as today, providing food and security was the basic task for a person. (自文明开始以来，人类就一直在努力提高生活水平。无论是过去还是现在，提供食物和保障都是一个人的基本任务。)”和后文“People feel the need for not only some primary things, such as a piece of bread and a roof over their heads, but also for various facilities and luxuries. (人们不仅需要一些基本的东西，比如一块面包和一个栖身之所，而且还需要各种设施和奢侈品。)”可知，此处是指人们需要的用于生活保障的东西比以前多得多，所以选项C“然而，如今所需商品的范围已经大大扩大了。”切合文意。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前文“The problem is that the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so economic growth is almost inevitably associated with environmental damage. (问题是，我们今天使用的常见能源会造成污染，因此经济增长几乎不可避免地与环境破坏联系在一起。)”和后文“One of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products, the construction of large industrial plants is required. (其中之一是，为了生产更多的商品和产品，需要建设大型工厂。)”可知，此处是介绍经济增长的哪些方面会影响环境，所以选项D“经济增长的某些方面会影响环境。”切合文意。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings. (也有所谓的环保能源。它们有时是首选，但用它们代替传统来源也需要时间，在此期间人们不得不做出一些牺牲来支持这些事业。)”可知，此处是指传统能源会对环境产生很大的污染，所以选项B“目前普遍使用的传统能源被认为是最大的环境污染者。”切合文意。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文“This is expensive and has harmful effects on the environment. For example, application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed, which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. (这是昂贵的，对环境有有害的影响。例如，风能的应用会阻碍气流的自然速度，这就是气流在穿过风车后强度下降的原因。)”可知，此处是指产生经济的能源需要改变自然，所以选项G“更重要的是，为了生产经济实用的能源，人们不可避免地要改造自然场地。”切合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“For example, application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed, which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. (例如，风能的应用会阻碍气流的自然速度，这就是气流在穿过风车后强度下降的原因。)”和后文“And it is important to remember that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure. (重要的是要记住，环境和天气条件直接受到大气压力的影响。)”可知，此处是指气流的强度下降会导致大气压力的变化，所以选项F“因此，这种电流所带来的压力平衡将受到影响。”切合文意。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Yesterday, after arriving in Madrid, I knocked on a stranger’s door. “I searched on the website. Will you give me ___21___ ” I asked. This was the reason I’d come to Spain, because I once believed I ___22___ be a female flamenco (弗拉门戈) guitarist and I have a mission now.
Forty-five years ago, when I was two, my father also came to Madrid and knocked on strangers’ doors. As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain he learned from anyone willing to teach him. He ___23___ performers in bars, made friends with street ___24___ and managed to study with Paco de Lucia, the greatest flamenco guitarist of our time.
I started playing classical guitar when I was five. My father s hands ___25___ across the strings like fireworks. I practiced while he ___26___ and criticized. I played till I had ___27___ pain in my fingertips. By age seven, I was called a child genius.
Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father ___28___ himself. Guiltily, I followed suit. Soon we spoke only when necessary. Our relationship didn’t ___29___ until, in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar.
When I was in my early 30s, he died. I couldn’t bear to play his guitar. He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument, and it seemed a(n) ___30___ of his own body. Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility (有形性)。So for 13 years it sat mostly untouched, coming out only when my son Ellis begged to see it. He was ___31___ his grandfather’s instrument in a way that made me want to pass it down to him- both the guitar and the music. Problem was, I couldn’t really play anymore.
Now, Antonia is sitting with me in her living room, teaching me ___32___. I have been here for only two days, and already my fingers ___33___. It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb (肢体) returns to ___34___. The feeling ___35___ me. It means I’m doing something right.
21.
A. advice B. chances C. lessons D. money
22.
A. was intended to B. was bound to C. was qualified to D. was expected to
23.
A. approached B. encountered C. witnessed D. surveyed
24.
A. pedestrians B. musicians C. celebrities D. passers-by
25.
A. exploded B. erupted C. enlightened D. explored
26.
A. instructed B. blamed C. imitated D. evaluated
27.
A. moderate B. slight C. sharp D. vast
28
A. excused B. hid C. abandoned D. distanced
29.
A. react B. rebound C. respond D. shine
30.
A. extension B. intention C. expansion D. reflection
31.
A. optimistic about B. careful with C. caring over D. desperate for
32.
A. temporarily B. leisurely C. patiently D. conservatively
33.
A. shrank B. bled C. withdrew D. hurt
34.
A. innocence B. zero C. life D. normal
35.
A. cultivates B. demonstrates C. eases D. delights
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者受父亲的影响学习弗拉门戈吉他，虽然中途放弃过，但出于对父亲的爱，最终又重新学习吉他，并准备传承下去。虽然辛苦但是作者认为这是正确的事情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你愿意给我上课吗？A. advice建议；B. chances机会；C. lessons课程；D. money钱。根据后文的“Forty-five years ago, when I was two, my father also came to Madrid and knocked on strangers’ doors.”和“Now, Antonia is sitting with me in her living room, teaching me 12. I have been here for only two days”可知，和他爸爸一样，作者是去上音乐课，学习吉他。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是我来西班牙的原因，因为我曾经相信我一定会成为一名弗拉门戈女吉他手，现在我有了使命。A. was intended to试图，打算……；B. was bound to注定要……；C.was qualified to有资格做……；D. was expected to被期待做……。根据后文“By age seven, I was called a child genius.”可知，作者七岁时，被称为天才儿童，曾经相信自己注定要成为一名弗拉门戈女吉他手。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在酒吧里与表演者接触，与街头音乐家交朋友，并设法向当代最伟大的弗拉门戈吉他手帕克·德·卢西亚学习。A. approached接近，接洽；B. encountered遇到，碰到；C. witnessed目睹，见证；D. surveyed 调查，考察。此处的意思为去酒吧与里面的吉他表演者学习讨论吉他的演奏技巧。根据前文的“he learned from anyone willing to teach him”和后文“performers in bars”可知，他向任何愿意教他的人学习，故他在酒吧里与表演者接触。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在酒吧里与表演者接触，与街头音乐家交朋友，并设法向当代最伟大的弗拉门戈吉他手帕克·德·卢西亚学习。A. pedestrians行人；B. musicians音乐人，音乐家；C. celebrities名人；D. passers-by过路人。此处应该是指向街头艺人学习。根据前文的“As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain he learned from anyone willing to teach him.”可知，他向任何愿意教他的人学习，故他与街头音乐家交朋友。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲的双手像烟花一样在琴弦上爆炸了。A. exploded 爆炸；B. erupted喷发，爆发；C. enlightened启迪；D. explored开发，探索。根据后文的“like fireworks”可知，作者把他的演奏比喻为fireworks，所以应该是像烟花一样爆炸。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我练习，而他指导和批评。A. instructed指导，教育；B. blamed谴责，责备；C. imitated模仿，效仿；D. evaluated评估，衡量。根据前文的“I practiced”和后文“criticized”可知，这里应该是指爸爸对“我”弹吉他的指导过程。有指导，也有弹错时候的批评指正。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直弹到指尖剧痛为止。A. moderate中等的，温和的；B. slight轻微的，少量的；C. sharp剧烈的，刺骨的；D. vast 巨大的，宽阔的。根据前文的“I played till”和后文“pain in my fingertips”可知，此处指的是手指因为琴弦而刺痛。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：心碎的父亲疏远了我。A. excused宽恕，赦免；B. hid隐藏，遮蔽；C. abandoned放弃，放纵；D. distanced 疏远。sb. distance oneself“使自己疏远”。根据后文的“Soon we spoke only when necessary.”可知，父亲与作者开始保持距离，不是非不得已，不交流。作者也一样。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的关系直到我20岁出头时才恢复，我发现自己又重新弹起了吉他。A. react 做出反应；B. rebound弹回，恢复；C. respond回答，做出回应；D. shine发光，发亮。根据前文的“Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father 8 himself. Guiltily, I followed suit. Soon we spoke only when necessary.”和“Our relationship didn’t ”可知，这里是恢复，强调父母与孩子之间的关系恢复正常。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花了很多时间把他的手臂放在那个乐器上，它似乎是他自己身体的延伸。A. extension延伸，扩建部分；B. intention目的，打算；C. expansion扩充，膨胀；D. reflection 反射，反思。根据前文的“He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument”和后文“of his own body”可知，作者认为，爸爸因为对音乐的执着，感觉与吉他合为一体，吉他成为了他身体延伸的一部分。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他对他祖父的乐器非常小心，以至于我想把它传给他——无论是吉他还是音乐。A. optimistic about对……乐观的；B. careful with对……小心翼翼的；C. caring over对……关爱的；D. desperate for.对……渴望的。根据前文的“Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility (有形性)。So for 13 years it sat mostly untouched, coming out only when my son Ellis begged to see it.”和后文“his grandfather’s instrument in a way that made me want to pass it down to him- both the guitar and the music.”可知，这里指孩子对吉他的喜爱和爱护之情。也因此，作者想把吉他和音乐传承给孩子。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，安东尼娅和我一起坐在她的客厅里，耐心地教我。A.temporarily临时的，暂时的；B. leisurely从容的，休闲的；C. patiently耐心的；D. conservatively保守地。根据前文的“Now, Antonia is sitting with me in her living room, teaching me”可知，安东尼娅耐心地教我弹吉他。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来这儿才两天，手指就已经疼了。A.shrank收缩；B. bled流血；C. withdrew收回，取出；D. hurt痛。根据后文“It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb(肢体) returns to 14.”可知，这里指手指因弹奏而导致了痛，和童年时候一样，也引发了作者的回忆和情感。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种剧痛，就像睡着的肢体恢复了生命一样。A.(return to) innocence返璞归真；B. (return to) zero归零，回到起点；C. (return to) life 恢复活力，复活；D. (return to) normal恢复正常。根据前文的“It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb (肢体) returns to”可知，这里是指作者开始恢复对音乐的感觉。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉使我高兴。A. cultivates 耕作，栽培；B. demonstrates示范，展现；C. eases缓和，放松；D. delights使高兴。从下文“It means I’m doing something right.”可知，这意味着作者在做正确的事情，故这里是指作者感到高兴。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei, who has dedicated her 40 years to education at China’s southwestern border, ___36___(be) a “mother” for more than 170 children and a principal motivating young girls from impoverished families in ___37___(mountain) areas.
Teaching at a middle school in Huaping county, she saw many girls drop ___38___ of school due to poverty. It saddened her very much and made her realize that an educated female is able to cut the intergenerational ___39___(transmit) of poverty and change the future of three generations. In 2002, Zhang started her preparation to build a free all-girls high school, in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain ___40___ lifting them out of poverty.
In 2007, Zhang went to Beijing for the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress as a deputy. Her report, ___41___ title was “I have a dream” made her dream of building a free all-girls high school known to all. Later, both the Lijiang and Huaping governments ___42___( sponsor) her with a million yuan, Zhang ‘s school was completed, becoming the first free all-girls high school in China.
The school, ___43___(bear) to fight against poverty, is a shelter for a number of girls in that area. During the past 13 years, the school has nurtured over 1, 800 students who have made it ___44___ universities.
Zhang suffers from 23 diseases, including heart disease and emphysema, but she is still working selflessly. She gets up at 5:00 am and is always the first one among all the stuff ___45___(arrive) at school. She also checks how the classes are going three times a day. Zhang has made over 1 , 600 family visits annually for the past 12 years, covering a total distance of 110,000 kilometers.
【答案】36. is 37. mountainous
38. out 39. transmission
40. and 41. whose
42. having sponsored
43. born##borne
44. to 45. to arrive
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了张桂梅致力于中国西南偏远地区的女子教育的感人事迹。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：张桂梅在中国西南边境为教育事业奉献了40年，她是170多名儿童的“母亲”，也是一名激励山区贫困家庭年轻女孩的校长。分析句子结构可知，本句是who引导的非限制性定语从句，be动词作主句谓语，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，主语是Zhang Guimei为第三人称单数。故填is。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：张桂梅在中国西南边境为教育事业奉献了40年，她是170多名儿童的“母亲”，也是一名激励山区贫困家庭年轻女孩的校长。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，mountain的形容词形式是mountainous意为“多山的”。故填mountainous。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在华平县的一所中学教书时，她看到许多女孩因贫困而辍学。此处是固定搭配：drop out意为“辍学”。故填out。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：这让她非常伤心，也让她意识到，一个受过教育的女性可以切断贫困的代际传递，改变三代人的未来。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，transmit的名词形式是transmission。故填transmission。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：2002年，张开始筹备建立一所免费的女子高中，希望改变山区女孩的命运，让她们摆脱贫困。根据句意可知“changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain”和“lifting them out of poverty”是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她的报告题目是“我有一个梦想”，她的梦想是建立一所免费的女子高中。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Her report，在从句中作定语修饰title，用whose引导。故填whose。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，丽江省政府和华坪省政府都出资100万元资助她，她的学校建成了，成为中国第一所免费的女子高中。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词was completed，所以sponsor用非谓语形式，此处是独立主格结构，和逻辑主语Lijiang and Huaping governments之间是主动关系，sponsor动作发生在学校建成之前，用现在完成时。故填having sponsored。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这所学校是为消除贫困而设立的，是该地区一些女孩的庇护所。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以bear用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语school之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填born或者borne。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：在过去的13年里，学校培养了1800多名进入大学的学生。此处是固定搭配：make it to sth.意为“成功进入...”。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她早上5点起床，总是第一个到学校。此处是固定句型：主语+be+序数词+名词+to do意为“第几做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填to arrive。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你在口语课上回答错误，引得全班哄堂大笑。外教Julia及时救场，你想写封信表达你的感谢。内容包括：
1. 当时的情况；
2. 外教的做法；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Julia,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文
Dear Julia,
I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for your timely intervention during the oral class yesterday.
When I answered incorrectly, the whole class burst into laughter. Embarrassed and ashamed, I felt my face turn red. However, you quickly stepped in and your words of affirmation and inspiration turned the awkward moment into one filled with encouragement. With a gentle tone and understanding smile, you put me at ease and gave me the confidence to try again.
Your actions not only showed me great support, but also made me feel respected and valued. Your kindness and encouragement have given me the push to keep trying and never give up. I am truly grateful for everything that you have done for me.
Thank you for being such a great teacher!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你在口语课上回答错误，引得全班哄堂大笑。外教Julia及时救场，要求考生写封信表达你的感谢。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
表达：express→show
不正确地：incorrectly→mistakenly
激励：encouragement→inspiration
感激的：grateful→appreciative
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With a gentle tone and understanding smile, you put me at ease and gave me the confidence to try again.
拓展句：With a gentle tone and understanding smile, you put me at ease, which gave me the confidence to try again.
【点睛】[高分句型1]When I answered incorrectly, the whole class burst into laughter.(when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]I am truly grateful for everything that you have done for me.(that引导的定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago I stepped into a bookstore in Cincinnati in search of some books that I wanted. While I was there,a poor little boy, about twelve, came in to ask whether they had a world atlas(地图册) for sell.
“Yes. It costs one dollar,” replied the salesman. “I have only sixty-two cents,” the boy said.
“Would you let me have it and wait a little while for the rest of the money ” His request being refused, the boy left. I followed him. “And what now ” I asked.
“I shall try another place, sir.”
“Do you mind if I go too and see how you succeed ”
“If you like,” he said in surprise.
Four times I saw the look on the boy’s face turn to disappointment. But he continued. When we entered the fifth store, he told the bookseller what had happened. When asked why he wanted the atlas so much, the boy said, “My father was a sailor, but he is dead.I want to know about the places he used to go to and I’m going to be a sailor, too.”
Deeply touched, the bookseller sold the boy an atlas and presented him with a new pencil for his perseverance (毅力). I also gave him two dollars for other books he wanted. Tears in his eyes, he told us his name is William Hartley. He hoped to repay us some day.
Many years later, I left for Liverpool by water. At the end of the journey, there came a terrible storm and the ship was in trouble. A great leak was filling the ship with water. The crew was made up of strong and able men. But after fighting for one whole night with the water still flowing in, the sailors gave up desperately.
But the captain didn’t give up. He ordered every man to his position and went below to look for the leak. As he passed me, I asked whether there was any hope of saving the ship. He looked at me, firmly saying “Yes, sir. As long as one inch of this ship remains above water, there is hope.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Three times during that day we encountered rather dangerous situations.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Before I expressed my thanks to him, the captain said first, “Sir, do you not recognize me ”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Three times during that day we encountered rather dangerous situations. But the cool-headed captain’s courage, perseverance and powerful will inspired everyone on board, and we all went to work together. In the end we survived rough seas. With the ship successfully docking in Liverpool, I heard many people cheering with excitement and saw the captain standing on the deck with a smile. Thinking that the ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain, I decided to go to thank him for making us out of the woods.
Before I expressed my thanks to him , the captain said first, “Sir, do you not recognize me ” I shook my head and was a little confused after thinking back for a while. “Do you remember the boy you followed who had great difficulty in getting. a world atlas some thirty years ago in Cincinnati ” he asked. “Oh, yes, I remember that boy very well. His name is William Hartley,” I said excitedly. “I’m William Hartley,” the captain laughed. “The perseverance that got you that atlas many years ago has saved our lives now,” I said, feeling proud of him.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了多年前，作者在一家书店碰到了一个贫穷的少年William Hartley。William的钱不够，但他执着地询问了一家又一家的书店，想要一本世界地图册。虽然多次被拒，但少年并未放弃，最终一个书商被少年感动，把地图册卖给了他，并送给他一根铅笔，作者还给了少年两美元让他买其他想要的书。多年后作者乘轮船前往利物浦，旅途快要结束时遇到了一场大风暴，情况十分危急。就在船员们都绝望地要放弃的时候，船长命令船员都坚守自己的岗位，自己去查看漏水处。作者询问是否还有希望拯救轮船时，船长坚定地说：“只要这艘船还有一寸露出水面，就还有希望。”
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天，我们遇到了三次相当危险的情况”可知，第一段可描写船长坚持不懈拯救轮船及乘客的情况，且最终使轮船和乘客脱离危险以及乘客和船员激动的心情等。
②由第二段首句内容“在我向他表示感谢之前，船长先说道：‘先生，您没认出我吗 ’”可知，第二段可描写作者了解到船长是他之前帮助过的少年William Hartley以及二人重逢后的情况，可以对话为主。
2.续写线索：三次遇到危险——船长鼓舞每个人——成功靠岸——感谢——相认——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.遇到：encounter/come across
2.看见：see/spot
3.决定：decide to/be determined to
情绪类
1.强大的：powerful / strong
2.困惑的：confused /puzzled
【点睛】[高分句型1] With the ship successfully docking in Liverpool, I heard many people cheering with excitement and saw the captain standing on the deck with a smile. (运用了with的复合结构)
[高分句型2] Thinking that the ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain, I decided to go to thank him for making us out of the woods. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
听力 1—5 BBCBC 6—10 ACBAC 11—15 ACBCA 16—20 ABCAB湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷(四)
英语试题
时量120分钟 满分150分
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1. Where is the man going
A. Kennedy. B. London. C. New York.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. A disease. B. A co-worker. C. A doctor.
3. What does the man intend to do
A. Make friends. B. Collect papers. C. Do the typing.
4. What is the man doing
A. Asking for information. B. Giving directions. C. Waiting for a bus.
5. What does the man want to know
A. How to make dessert. B. How to solve problems. C. How to understand expressions.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the woman’s flight
A. It failed to take off on time.
B. It was called off without notice.
C. It arrived about two hours earlier.
7. Where docs the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. At the airport.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. How long is the woman going to stay at the hotel
A. For two nights. B. For three nights. C. For four nights.
9. Why are the prices for the two double rooms different
A. The rooms have different views.
B. The rooms are different in size.
C. The rooms are of different shapes.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至13题。
10. When is the woman supposed to finish her essay
A. By this Saturday. B. By next Monday. C. By next Friday.
11. Why is the woman behind with her writing class
A. She was ill.
B. The course is too difficult.
C. She is busy with her reading task.
12. What does the man think of his college life
A. Busy. B. Boring. C. Colorful.
13. What is the woman probably going to do on the 28th
A. Visit an exhibition. B. Attend a party. C. Watch a play.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man doing
A. Introducing the woman to his neighbors.
B. Giving the woman advice on how to find a flat.
C. Showing the woman around the neighborhood.
15. What is the woman eager to do
A. Visit the night market.
B. Jog in the high school.
C. Shop in convenience stores.
16. Why does the woman look for a library
A. To get some information. B. To find a map of the city. C. To borrow some books.
17. Where will the speakers go next
A. To a restaurant. B. To a bookstore. C. To a park.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. What should a public speaker avoid doing according to the woman
A. Talking too loudly. B. Speaking too fast. C. Saying too much.
19. Why should the closing of a speech be carefully planned
A. It’s usually the most remembered part.
B. It’s the last chance to make your point.
C It’s as important as the opening words.
20. What does the woman suggest a public speaker do during the speech
A. Show a good sense of humor.
B. Motivate the audience to act.
C. Meet challenges with courage.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Yale University’s Thanksgiving festivities! Join us for a variety of events, blending tradition and community spirit for everyone.
Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck (百家餐)
Time: Thanksgiving Day, 10:30 AM - 1:30 PM
Location: Yale Old Campus
Activities: Immerse yourself in the vibrant Thanksgiving parade featuring spirited floats, the Yale marching band, and talented performers. Following the parade, join the campus potluck on Old Campus. Contribute a dish to share and connect with fellow Yale students. This cherished tradition is an excellent opportunity to experience the warmth of the Yale community.
Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts Showcase
Time : Thanksgiving Morning, 9:00 AM
Location: Yale Art Gallery
Activities: Discover a diverse array of arts and crafts meticulously crafted by Yale’s talented artists. Find unique, handmade gifts for the upcoming holiday season and enjoy live performances and local food vendors. Kick-start your holiday shopping while supporting the artistic talents thriving within the Y ale community.
Turkey Dash 5K Run
Time: The Weekend Before Thanksgiving, 9:30 AM
Location: Yale Bowl
Activities: Begin your Thanksgiving weekend with a spirited 5K run or walk around the picturesque Yale Bowl. Open to all fitness levels, participants are encouraged to bring extra goods to give them to local charities, promoting wellness and community support.
Gobble ‘n’ Games Family Fest
Time: The Saturday Before Thanksgiving, 2:00 PM - 6:00 PM
Location: Beinecke Plaza
Activities: Bring your family for an afternoon of joy and games at Beinecke Plaza. Enjoy sack races (袋鼠跳), face painting, pumpkin decorating, and a pie-eating contest. Local food trucks will be on-site to keep you fueled. This family-friendly event is a delightful way to usher in the holiday season with laughter and connection.
1. What do Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck, and Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts Showcase have in common
A. Both events occur on Thanksgiving Day.
B. Free handmade gifts are provided at both events.
C. Participants should be students on old campus.
D. Both activities have a long history.
2. What is encouraged at the Turkey Dash 5K Run event
A. Bringing a Turkey for Thanksgiving Day.
B. Donating food to organizations for helping people in need.
C. Wearing costumes representing who you are.
D. Having a recommendation from your own community.
3. Which of the following is NOT the attraction of the Gobble ‘n’ Games Family Fest
A. Face painting. B. A pie-eating contest. C. Pumpkin decorating. D. Truck racing.
B
Young soldiers, far away from home and missing their families, discover a bear cub. That’s how the story of Wojtek begins, back in 1942. He was alone in the mountains of Iran; nobody knows how he got there.
When the exhausted Polish soldiers came upon Wojtek, they were immediately struck with emotions. They had been away from their loved ones for a long time. They needed something to pick their spirits up. So, they nursed the baby bear with milk from a bottle and named him Wojtek, which means: a warrior to whom fighting brings joy.
Wojtek was officially adopted into the army. He traveled with the army to the Middle East, providing comradery and entertainment. He would wrestle with the men, chase after oranges they cast for him and follow them about like a puppy. He became their connection to humanity in a time when the light of peace seemed so far away. And, like a child, he was also playful. In the desert heat, he learned how to break into the showers and turn on the water. He could also be seen pulling trunks of empty gun shells with the men or standing at attention in formation. Wojtek was also the chief frightener of new members: He would literally bear hug them and hold them upside down for a good laugh.
Getting through the hardship of war takes something extraordinary, something unexpectedly dangerous to preserve your mental state. That’s what Wojtek did for the men who had been so long in the fog and uncertainty of World War II. A playful bear became the symbol of strength and adaptability. Thankfully, wars ended but Wojtek was not forgotten. He was shipped with a group of men to a farm in Scotland, which was a fitting place to retire for a bear with so much military experience. Wojtek was a local celebrity. Stories of him kicking a soccer ball, attending local dances and parties, and enjoying jam and honey are still told today. And to everyone who knew him, Wojtek was the one that made a difficult time a little more bearable.
4. How did the Polish soldiers react after they found the bear
A. They were hit by the bear. B. They accepted him and fed him.
C. They called Wojtek names. D. They brought joy to him like warriors.
5. Which of the following is TRUE about Wojtek’ s experience in the army
A. He would run after and eat up the oranges thrown by the soldiers.
B. He could pull branches with the soldiers to the army camp.
C. He would stand and listen attentively for information.
D. He would play tricks on those newly-joined soldiers.
6. What happened to Wojtek after World War II
A. He became famous and brought joy to the locals in a farm in Scotland.
B. He settled down with the Polish army in a farm in Scotland.
C. He enjoyed his life in another army in a farm in Scotland.
D. He was shipped to his hometown with the help of the Polish soldiers.
7. What is the best title of the passage
A. Wojtek: The Wild Warrior in the Desert Storm
B. Wojtek: From the Frontlines to a Hairy Friend
C. Bearing Witness: The Remarkable Tale of the Polish Army
D. A Lifelong Bear Friend with the Scottish Locals
C
Powerful demand for Huawei products is fueling investor interest in the shares of its suppliers, which have resisted declines in the broader mainland Chinese stock (股票) market.
Expectations that the Chinese technology company may continue to see strong sales for recently launched products are sending stocks of some of Huawei’s suppliers to record highs.
Analysts say the successful launch of the M7 car model by Huawei-backed electric-vehicle brand Aito could see order books continue to swell, based on the response to the launch during a national holiday known as the Golden Week.
Shares of Seres Group, an Aito partner, and Ningbo Shenglong Automotive Powertrain System, a car-parts manufacturer, have risen by the 10% daily limit on the Shanghai Stock Exchange this week since the mainland markets reopened for trading after the holiday. The benchmark (基准) Shanghai Composite Index dropped 0. 7% in Tuesday trading.
“Aito’s sales have been propelled by the new M7 model, up sharply compared with monthly sales of below 10,000 units as of August,” Shengang Securities analyst Xute Cao said in a note.
“Sales in the fourth quarter are expected to improve significantly on month,” Cao added.
Separately, stocks of Huawei’s component suppliers have also gained following the launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model in late September.
Ofilm Group advanced 9. 9% on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on Tuesday and has, gained 21% so far this week, while Vanchip(Tianjin) Technology rose as much as 10%, and has added around 8% this week. By contrast, the technology-heavy Shenzhen Stock Exchange closed down 0.4% Tuesday.
“We sense that investor interest in the smartphone supply chain has increased after iPhone and Mate 60 launch and anticipation of smartphone demand bottoming, “ Citigroup analyst Kyna Wong said in a note after the bank’s recent meeting with institutional investors, about China’s tech sector.
“Huawei’s return could have implications on market share and competition in the tech-hardware sector,” Wong said.
“Component makers could benefit from restarting spec (规格) upgrade and operating leverage (运营杠杆) from volume growth ( regardless of market-share shift), “ Wong said.
8. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To provide a detailed history of Huawei’s market share in the technology industry.
B. To discuss the impact of Huawei’s return to the global technology market.
C. To analyze the financial performance of Huawei’s suppliers.
D. To provide a profile of Huawei’s electric-vehicle brand Aito.
9. What is increasing investor interest in the shares of Huawei s suppliers
A. The national holiday known as the Golden Week.
B. An increase in competition in the tech- hardware sector.
C. The broader mainland Chinese stock market.
D. Strong sales for recently launched Huawei products.
10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “propelled” in paragraph 5
A. driven forward B. replaced C. overtaken D. blocked
11. Why are Ofilm Group and Vanchip (Tianjin) Technology mentioned in the article
A. To give an example of Huawei’s component suppliers profiting following the launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model.
B. To show that, compared with other companies, they had much better performance on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.
C. To demonstrate that they are electric-manufacturing partnered with Huawei.
D. To show that they are Huawei’s strong competitors in the smartphone market.
D
Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone, when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression It may seem like they have consciously copied you, but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon (变色龙) effect at play.
The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.
The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999. The part of their experiment included 78 people, who each spoke with an experimenter. During the test, Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before, like moving the foot and touching the face. The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.
In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts. The second stage involved half of the participants being copied, and then rating the likability of the experimenter. The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.
The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive. However, when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme, they can lose their sense of self. Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected. But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice. Next time you are in a social gathering, take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.
12. Why do people imitate others’ behavior
A. To show admiration for others. B. To adapt to the surroundings.
C. To establish a connection with others. D. To attract others’ attention.
13. How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviors
A. By directing their attention to a photo. B. By keeping an eye on their actions.
C. By telling them the purpose of the study. D. By evaluating the impacts of imitation.
14. What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment
A. People tend to like those who imitate their behavior.
B. Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.
C. People imitating others are not easy to be detected.
D. The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
15. Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage
A. Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.
B. People change their habits to please others on purpose.
C. A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.
D. A husband and his wife share similar behaviors over time.
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civilization. Back then, as well as today, providing food and security was the basic task for a person. ___16___People feel the need for not only some primary things, such as a piece of bread and a roof over their heads, but also for various facilities and luxuries. Providing humanity with these things is connected to the use of natural resources, which requires energy. The problem is that the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so economic growth is almost inevitably associated with environmental damage.
___17___One of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products, the construction of large industrial plants is required. These plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long-term health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people.
Industrial manufacturing leads to the constantly increasing energy consumption. ___18___There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings. ___19___This is expensive and has harmful effects on the environment. For example, application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed, which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. ___20___And it is important to remember that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.
For these reasons, bringing about economic growth without resulting in any environmental damage is impossible.
A. It’s certain that economic growth contributes a lot to our society.
B. The traditional energy sources, which are commonly used nowadays, are considered to be the greatest polluters to the environment.
C. However, nowadays the range of required goods has expanded significantly.
D. There are certain aspects of economic growth which affect the environment.
E. Weather conditions, on the contrary, remains the same.
F. Consequently, the pressure balance that is brought about by this current will be affected.
G. What’s more, to produce economically practical energy, people unavoidably have to transform natural site.
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Yesterday, after arriving in Madrid, I knocked on a stranger’s door. “I searched on the website. Will you give me ___21___ ” I asked. This was the reason I’d come to Spain, because I once believed I ___22___ be a female flamenco (弗拉门戈) guitarist and I have a mission now.
Forty-five years ago, when I was two, my father also came to Madrid and knocked on strangers’ doors. As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain he learned from anyone willing to teach him. He ___23___ performers in bars, made friends with street ___24___ and managed to study with Paco de Lucia, the greatest flamenco guitarist of our time.
I started playing classical guitar when I was five. My father s hands ___25___ across the strings like fireworks. I practiced while he ___26___ and criticized. I played till I had ___27___ pain in my fingertips. By age seven, I was called a child genius.
Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father ___28___ himself. Guiltily, I followed suit. Soon we spoke only when necessary. Our relationship didn’t ___29___ until, in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar.
When I was in my early 30s, he died. I couldn’t bear to play his guitar. He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument, and it seemed a(n) ___30___ of his own body. Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility (有形性)。So for 13 years it sat mostly untouched, coming out only when my son Ellis begged to see it. He was ___31___ his grandfather’s instrument in a way that made me want to pass it down to him- both the guitar and the music. Problem was, I couldn’t really play anymore.
Now, Antonia is sitting with me in her living room, teaching me ___32___. I have been here for only two days, and already my fingers ___33___. It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb (肢体) returns to ___34___. The feeling ___35___ me. It means I’m doing something right.
21.
A. advice B. chances C. lessons D. money
22
A. was intended to B. was bound to C. was qualified to D. was expected to
23
A. approached B. encountered C. witnessed D. surveyed
24.
A. pedestrians B. musicians C. celebrities D. passers-by
25.
A. exploded B. erupted C. enlightened D. explored
26.
A. instructed B. blamed C. imitated D. evaluated
27.
A. moderate B. slight C. sharp D. vast
28.
A. excused B. hid C. abandoned D. distanced
29.
A. react B. rebound C. respond D. shine
30.
A. extension B. intention C. expansion D. reflection
31.
A. optimistic about B. careful with C. caring over D. desperate for
32.
A. temporarily B. leisurely C. patiently D. conservatively
33.
A. shrank B. bled C. withdrew D. hurt
34.
A. innocence B. zero C. life D. normal
35.
A. cultivates B. demonstrates C. eases D. delights
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei, who has dedicated her 40 years to education at China’s southwestern border, ___36___(be) a “mother” for more than 170 children and a principal motivating young girls from impoverished families in ___37___(mountain) areas.
Teaching at a middle school in Huaping county she saw many girls drop ___38___ of school due to poverty. It saddened her very much and made her realize that an educated female is able to cut the intergenerational ___39___(transmit) of poverty and change the future of three generations. In 2002, Zhang started her preparation to build a free all-girls high school, in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain ___40___ lifting them out of poverty.
In 2007, Zhang went to Beijing for the 17th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress as a deputy. Her report, ___41___ title was “I have a dream” made her dream of building a free all-girls high school known to all. Later, both the Lijiang and Huaping governments ___42___( sponsor) her with a million yuan, Zhang ‘s school was completed, becoming the first free all-girls high school in China.
The school, ___43___(bear) to fight against poverty, is a shelter for a number of girls in that area. During the past 13 years, the school has nurtured over 1, 800 students who have made it ___44___ universities.
Zhang suffers from 23 diseases, including heart disease and emphysema, but she is still working selflessly. She gets up at 5:00 am and is always the first one among all the stuff ___45___(arrive) at school. She also checks how the classes are going three times a day. Zhang has made over 1 , 600 family visits annually for the past 12 years, covering a total distance of 110,000 kilometers.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你在口语课上回答错误，引得全班哄堂大笑。外教Julia及时救场，你想写封信表达你的感谢。内容包括：
1. 当时的情况；
2. 外教的做法；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Julia,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago I stepped into a bookstore in Cincinnati in search of some books that I wanted. While I was there,a poor little boy, about twelve, came in to ask whether they had a world atlas(地图册) for sell.
“Yes. It costs one dollar” replied the salesman. “I have only sixty-two cents,” the boy said.
“Would you let me have it and wait a little while for the rest of the money ” His request being refused, the boy left. I followed him. “And what now ” I asked.
“I shall try another place, sir.”
“Do you mind if I go too and see how you succeed ”
“If you like,” he said in surprise.
Four times I saw the look on the boy’s face turn to disappointment. But he continued. When we entered the fifth store, he told the bookseller what had happened. When asked why he wanted the atlas so much, the boy said, “My father was a sailor, but he is dead.I want to know about the places he used to go to and I’m going to be a sailor, too.”
Deeply touched, the bookseller sold the boy an atlas and presented him with a new pencil for his perseverance (毅力). I also gave him two dollars for other books he wanted. Tears in his eyes, he told us his name is William Hartley. He hoped to repay us some day.
Many years later, I left for Liverpool by water. At the end of the journey, there came a terrible storm and the ship was in trouble. A great leak was filling the ship with water. The crew was made up of strong and able men. But after fighting for one whole night with the water still flowing in, the sailors gave up desperately.
But the captain didn’t give up. He ordered every man to his position and went below to look for the leak. As he passed me, I asked whether there was any hope of saving the ship. He looked at me, firmly saying “Yes, sir. As long as one inch of this ship remains above water, there is hope.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Three times during that day we encountered rather dangerous situations.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Before I expressed my thanks to him, the captain said first, “Sir, do you not recognize me ”
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