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Unit 1 People of Achievement
Learning about Language教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Learning about Language 课时：1课时
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：To find out the differences in form and functions between restrictive relative clauses and non-restrictive relative clauses.
能力目标：To introduce a great person using non-restrictive relative clauses.
情感目标：To express their own ideas and opinions using non-restrictive relative clauses.
教学重难点：
教学重点：To introduce a great person using non-restrictive relative clauses.
教学难点：To express their own ideas and opinions using non-restrictive relative clauses.
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-class
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动：教师提问。
Can you tell the differences in form between the restrictive relative clauses and the nonrestrictive ones
二、While-class
Build up your vocabulary
1. 学生活动：完成练习
Guide students finish Exercise 3.
Read the passage about Lu Xun. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
insist obtain objective acknowledge apparently crucial
Lu Xun, 1._________ as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing Zhejiang Province in 1881. In 1904, he went to Japan and became a medical student, with the 2._________ of improving people's health and saving lives. However, he changed his mind when he saw in a photo a Chinese man about to be killed by a Japanese soldier. It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo 3._________ did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. From this, he concluded that the 4._________ problem in China was not physical illness, but the spiritual illness of people at that time. Following this, he quit medical school. When he returned to China in 1908. he 5._________ a teaching job. In 1917, a friend 6._________ that he help write for a magazine called New Youth, That was how his first famous short story A Madman's Diary got published.
(Suggest answers:
1. acknowledged; 2. objective; 3. apparently; 4. crucial; 5. obtained; 6. insisted)
Discover useful structure
1. 教师活动：语法讲解
非限制性定语从句
1. 非限制性定语从句的作用
非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充、解释或附加说明,即使去掉主句的意思仍然完整。它与主句之间一般用逗号分开,常常翻译成与主句并列的句子。
Wang, who is often in dangerous situations, is also a judo(柔道) master.
王也是一位柔道大师,他经常处于危险的境地。
Peter, whose mother is in hospital, will take a few days off to look after her.
彼得的母亲住院了,他要请几天假来照顾她。
Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he would stay for two years.
昨天吉米出发去加拿大了,他将在那里待两年。
We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won't be so busy.
我们将把会议推迟到下周,那时我们就不这么忙了。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
作用不同 说明的是先行词必不可少的情况 对先行词进行补充说明
形式不同 关系词和先行词不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词用逗号分开
先行词不同 只能是名词或代词 可以是名词或代词,也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分
关系词不同 可用that;关系代词作宾语可省略 不用that;关系代词作宾语不可省略
翻译不同 译作定语，翻译为“......的......” 主句与从句分开翻译,从句可译作与主句并列的句子
2. 使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题
(1)非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词that引导。
(2)非限制性定语从句不能用关系副词why引导,要用for which代替why。
(3)非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容,这时从句谓语动词要用单数形式。
He is very outgoing, which is known to us all in our company.
他非常外向,这是我们公司的人都知道的。
I have told him the reason, why(×)/for which (√) I missed the early bus.
我没能赶上早班车,我已经告诉了他原因。
The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, that (×)/which (√) is about five miles longer than the marathon.
夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是 50 公里竞走,它比马拉松长约5英里。
3. as、which 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
(1)在引导非限制性定语从句时，as常译为“正如”；which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句时,which 常译为“这，那”。
(2) as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后,而 which引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于主句之前。
(3) which 在定语从句中可以作定语或介词的宾语，而as不能。
As you can see, he did it much better than I.
如你所见,他做得比我好得多。
Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.
正如我们所知,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。
He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy.
他请我吃饭,这使我很高兴。
I may have to work late, in which case I'll telephone.
我可能得工作到很晚,那样的话我会打电话的。
He graduated from a local high school after which he went to Peking University.
他毕业于当地的一所高中,之后他去了北京大学。
友情提醒：
as 引导非限制性定语从句时,常用于下列一些固定结构中：
as is expected 不出所料
as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的
as we all know/as is known to all 众所周知
as is reported 正如所报道的
as is often the case 这是常有的事
as has been said before 如上所述
4. “代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
一些数词或代词如 all some, one, both, neither, none, any, either等可与of起修饰关系代词.常用来引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不可以用that。
He has three sons, two of whom are doctors.
他有三个儿子,其中两个是医生。
Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.
问题都在这儿,我认为其中一些对你来说太难了。
5. 六、关系代词、人称代词、指示代词的选择
关键是判断句子结构：
非限制性定语从句---选关系代词
并列句---选人称代词或指示代词
He came late again and this made his boss angry.
他又迟到了，这使他的老板很生气。
This is my smart phone and it was bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的智能手机。
I met Professor Xu, who told me the result of the election.
我遇到了许教授，他告诉了我选举的结果。
2.学生活动：完成练习
1.I’m at an age _________ I don’t know what love is, but your sweet smile still touches me.
2.Thank you for your letter, _____ really made me happy.
3.According to the Guinness World Records the oldest man in the world is 11l years old, ___________ now lives in Japan.
4.Fan Zhongyan was promoted to a high-level position, _______ he was able to advise the emperor on government policy.
5.There are many things in different areas ___________ we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS.
6.______________ is often the case with old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.
7.Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food_____ is provided by Mom with appreciation.
8.In 1888 Gandhi sailed to England, _________ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer.
9._____ is typical of modern novels, the plot isn't very important, instead the emphasis is on how characters react to ordinary events.
10.EBay, Amazon and Wal-Mart are popular websites______________ people can sell goods to each other.
(Suggest answers:
1. when 2. which 3. who 4. where 5. that/which 6. As 7. that 8.where 9. As 10. where/on which)
3.学生活动：完成练习
Let student complete Exercise 1 on page 5 by themselves and then current their answer.
Read the following sentences and underline the relative clauses. Then name the two types of clauses and state their functions.
1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
3. Tu Youvou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
(Suggest answers:
1. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
3. Tu Youvou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
Sentence Type Function
that showed promise in the fight against the disease Restrictive Describe and modify the kind of medical treatments they tested.
which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive Non-restrictive Give extra information about Nobel Prize.
where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients Non-restrictive Give extra information about Hainan.
most of whom recovered Non-restrictive Give extra information about the patients.
)
4.学生活动：完成练习
Let student complete Exercise 2 on page 5 by themselves and then current their answer.
Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.
1. We were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there.
3. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
4. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling. It inspired us a lot.
5. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pe-a famous Chinese-American architect. He was born in Guangzhou, China.
6. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart. It was a big challenge for me.
(Suggest answers:
1. We were very impressed by the old man, who was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.
3. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
4. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling, which inspired us a lot.
5. The building under construction was designed by I. M. Pei--a famous Chinese-American architect, who was born in Guangzhou, China.
6. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart, which was a big challenge for me.)
三、After-class
1. 学生活动：Group Work
Work in plete the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses to give extra information. Then share them with group members.
1. I would like to travel around ..., ...
2. What impressed me most ..., ...
3. My favourite scientist is ..., ...
4. Finally we arrived at .... ...
5. My grandparents like ..., ...
6. I wish to obtain ..., ...
7. My best friend ..., ...
四、Summary
重点词汇：obtain, objective, apparently, vital
重点句型：It strikes sb.+ that …
五、Homework
完成课后练习。

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