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2024届高三一轮复习联考 (四) 全国卷
英语试题
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2, 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考试时间为120分钟, 满分150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the two speakers mainly talking about
A. Today’s weather. B. Judy’s weekend. C. Judy’s cousin.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Judy, did you have a nice weekend
W: Yes, Jim. It was great. I went camping with my cousin in the Bear Lake.
M: Really, how was the weather there
W: It was great and the air is so clean.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the woman pay at last
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you accept personal checks
M: We used to, but we stopped doing it last year. We now only accept cash and credit card.
W: Then I’ll pay by credit card.
M: OK.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Angela going to do today
A. Practise martial arts. B. Visit her grandparents. C. Work in a grocery store.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s a pity that Angela won’t be at the martial arts practice today.
W: Yes, that’s right. She has to help at his father’s grocery store, doesn’t she
M: No, today she’s visiting his grandparents.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a barber’s. B. In the library. C. In a shopping center.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you taken a look at the new styles lately
W: Yeah. I bought a magazine to show you. I like this one.
M: I think you would look cute with short hair Perhaps you could go even shorter than in the picture.
W: I’ll leave it up to you.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What help does the man need
A. To be driven to the airport. B. To send John to the airport. C. To have his car fixed today.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Could you please give me a lift to the airport this afternoon I need to catch a flight.
W: I’d like to, but there is something wrong with my car. Why not ask John for help He has had his car fixed and he’s free today.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5 分, 满分22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What do the speakers need to do according to the man
A. Respond to the demands of the customers.
B. Participate in the company’s contest.
C. Give a name to a new product.
7. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Turning to a consulting company.
B. Asking for the customers’ opinions.
C. Organizing an unusual meeting.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: We need to come up with an attractive name for our new 5G smartphone. Do you have any suggestions of what we should do
W: Well, we always used a professional consulting company in the past, but this time we could try something new, like asking the customers directly.
M: You mean like having a contest Good idea! This way we can make the customers know about our new product, and at the same time it would save us a lot of money.
W: Yes. Let’s bring it up at our meeting today.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When did the flight attendant see the backpack
A. After the plane landed.
B. When the little girl dropped it.
C. While the woman was brushing her teeth.
9. When did the woman get her luggage
A. At about 7:00. B. At about 8:30. C. At about 9:30.
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the airport. B. In a restaurant. C. In a security office.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s the matter with you I’ve been waiting for nearly two hours.
W: Sorry. We landed on time, but I couldn’t exit the airplane with everyone else.
M: Why happened
W: Security stopped me. Just before we landed, a little girl dropped her backpack in my seat when I went to brush my teeth. I guess the flight attendant couldn’t figure out whose it was and called security.
M: So you landed at 7:00, and you’ve been with the police this whole time
W: Well, they let me go after an hour and a half, but I had to get my luggage. Oh. And there was no food on the flight, either.
M: You must be starving. Can I take you to a restaurant
W: Many thanks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the woman think of the gasoline price
A. It’s low. B. It’s high. C. It’s normal.
12. What’s Lucy’s last consideration when buying a car
A. Safety issues. B. Fuel consumption. C. The size of an engine.
13. Why are some hi-tech devices built in these green cars according to the man
A. To make their prices lower. B. To make them pollute less. C. To satisfy customers’ needs.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Lucy, what are your priorities when buying a car
W: I guess the first thing is the price, the second is the size, and of course the color will play a role too. Besides, it is our duty to protect the environment. Therefore, I will also pay attention to the fuel consumption of the car. You know, the gasoline price is rising every day. So I would rather consider a smaller car with a smaller engine, for which I can also save some tax. Last on the list, I will also consider safety issues.
M: What about environmental factors
W: Well, I do prefer a lower emission car as long as it doesn’t cost much. Some environmentally-friendly cars are really expensive.
M: They sure are. Some hi-tech devices are built in to make sure they pollute less, Some of these green cars have not become standard issue yet. So the production costs are still high. But anyway, to start with, we should make an effort. W: Then, what are your priorities when buying a car
M: Safety comes first.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the speakers’ attitude towards the change of manners
A. Positive. B. Unconcerned. C. Dissatisfied.
15. What did the speakers use to do in the afternoon
A. Play outside. B. Have a light sleep. C. Look after their kids.
16. Why does the woman think it hard to have parties
A. She can’t find good places for them.
B. She never knows who to invite.
C. She’s not sure who may come.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you noticed that nobody seems to have any manners anymore
W: Yeah, I know what you mean. With all those screaming kids playing and running around outside, it’s impossible for us these days to have a light sleep in the afternoon as we used to do. In the past, it was the parents who kept their kids in of an afternoon, so we could have a little peace.
M: Yeah. It’s the same at weekends.
W: And it gets worse when they grow up-they get a place of their own and have parties that go on until three in the morning.
M: What’s even more annoying is they whistle as they drive away, even though they’ve said “goodbye” several times at the top of their voice.
W: I’m surprised anybody bothers having parties these days — they’re so hard to organize. Nobody ever gives you a straight answer when you invite them to something, so you never know who’s coming.
M: And if they do bother to turn up, they usually have someone else who hasn’t been invited attend the party. I mean how rude you can get!
W: And they’re probably two hours late.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the speaker doing
A. Giving a lecture. B. Hosting a TV talk show. C. Introducing a course of interviews.
18. What advice does the speaker offer about “how to speak”
A. Speak loudly. B. Don’t speak too fast. C. Keep your voice lower than usual.
19. What does the speaker say about body language
A. Smiling makes one look pretty.
B. Proper sitting manners make one appear relaxed.
C. Keeping eye contact shows one’s openness and honesty.
20. What helps to impress the interviewer in the first place
A. Appropriate body language. B. The beautiful voice. C. The way one is dressed.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, boys and girls, my name’s Kyle Hume. Thank you for inviting me to your college. I’m here today to talk to you about how to communicate in an interview. During your life, you will have all kinds of interviews. There will be interviews for university places, interviews for part-time jobs and full-time jobs and even interviews as exams. But all the tips I’m going to talk about today are useful in any of these situations. One of the key things to remember is how to speak during your interview. If you’re nervous, you may speak very quickly, so try to speak more slowly. Speak clearly and remember the importance of body language. Always make sure that you look at the interviewer. If there is more than one interviewer, make sure you look at each one of them. This makes you seem open and honest. Smiling is always very positive as it suggests you are enjoying yourself and it makes you appear friendly and relaxed. Finally, I want to give you some interesting studies. Most people decide what they think about a stranger within five minutes of meeting them. According to a research, 50% of somebody’s impression is based on the way a person is dressed. The rest is based on the way you speak and what you say. This is surprising, but important information. Thank you for listening.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Much-loved 100-Word-Story Competition
Our much-loved 100-Word-Story Competition is back! Enter for the chance to win prizes of up to 1,000.
Rules and prizes
Please ensure that submissions are original, not previously published and exactly 100 words long(not including title). Don’t forget to include your full name, address, email and phone number when filling in the form. We may use entries in all print and electronic media.
Terms and conditions:
There are three categories—one for adults and two categories for schools (one for children aged12-18 and one for children under 12).
● In the adults category, the winner will receive 1,000 and one runner-up will receive 250.
● In the 12-18s category, the winner will receive a 200 book voucher (代金券) or a Kindle Paperwhite and a 100 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a 100 book voucher.
● In the under-12 category, the winner will receive a 100 book voucher or a Kindle Paperwhite and a 50 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a 50 book voucher.
Please submit your stories by 5 pm on January 5, 2024 either online or by post addressed to:
Reader’s Digest
00 Word Story Competition
Warmers Group Publications
West Street, Bourne
PE10 9PH
The editorial team will pick a shortlist of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online at readersdigest.co.uk on February 1, 2024. You can vote you’re your favourite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on February 29,2024 and the winning entries will be published in our May 2024 issue, and posted online on April 16, 2024.
21. What do we know about the writing event from the text
A. It will pick out 6 best entries. B. Each entry is 100 words or fewer.
C. Only students over 12 can enter it. D. Entries can be in electronic version.
22. What will the runner-up get in the 12-18s category
A. A Kindle Paperwhite. B. A 100 book voucher.
C. 250 in prize money. D. An issue of Reader’s Digest.
23. When can we know who the winners are
A. On January 5, 2024. B. On February 1, 2024.
C. On April 16. 2024. D. On February 29,2024.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。《读者文摘》将举办深受读者欢迎的百字故事大赛。本文主要介绍了大赛的对象、内容、要求、奖品设置和时间等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Terms and conditions部分“Please submit your stories by 5 pm on January 5,2024 either online or by post (请在2024年1月5日下午5点之前通过网络或邮寄方式提交您的故事)”可知，参赛作品可以是电子版的形式。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Terms and conditions部分“In the 12-18s category, the winner will receive a 200 book voucher or a Kindle Paperwhite and a 100 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a 100 books voucher. (在12-18岁组别中，获胜者将获得200英镑的图书代金券或Kindle Paperwhite和100英镑的学校图书代金券，亚军将获得100英镑的图书代金券。)”可知，12-18岁组别的亚军将获得100英镑的学校图书代金券。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The editorial team will pick a shortlist of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online at readersdigest.co.uk on February 1, 2024. You can vote you’re your favourite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in our May 2024 issue, and posted online on April 16, 2024. (编辑团队将挑选入围作品，每个类别中的三篇最佳故事将于2024年2月1日发布在readersdigest.co.uk网站上。你可以投票选出你最喜欢的，得票最多的人将获得最高奖。投票将于2024年2月29日结束，获奖作品将发表在我们2024年5月刊上，并于2024年4月16日发布在网上。)”可知，到2024年4月16日，我们才能看到获胜者名单。故选C。
B
Mathea Allansmith isn’t your typical grandmother, and she’s the oldest woman in the world to have completed a marathon. She was 92 years 194 days old when she triumphantly crossed the finish line at the 2022 Honolulu Marathon, setting up the record for the oldest person to complete a marathon (female).
Mathea, now 93, of Koloa, Hawaii, USA, stays in shape all year round by running six days a week, no matter the e rain or shine, she covered 36 miles every week, even when she’s on holiday. The retired doctor didn’t take up running until she was 46 years old. After a colleague suggested running two miles per day.
“The Honolulu Marathon is my favourite marathon partly because they don’t close the gate at a certain time which allows even the slowest runners to finish the race,” she said. “It’s one of the best-executed races. Fantastic registration, set up and management makes it a joy to participate in.
Mathea, who doesn’t allow her age to slow her down, says she is happiest when she’s on the road. She enjoys running for miles and waving and saying hello to the people she passes. To stay in shape, Mathea, who runs year around, keeps a steady training routine. “I train year-round but increase the mileage starting 18 weeks before a marathon,” she said.
Mathea says it was her career as a physician that allowed her to understand how her body and mind respond to diet and exercise. “I see the direct connection between moving and health,” she said. It is important to reduce stress rather than ignoring it without a plan on how to do so in the long run. Of course, exercise of any kind is a natural stress reducer. ”
Mathea intends to keep running marathons for as long as she can and would like to attempt the record titles for the oldest person to complete a half marathon (female) and the oldest person to complete a 10K (female) within the next year.
24. What does the underlined word “triumphantly” in the first paragraph mean
A. Absolutely. B. Literally. C. Successfully. D. Precisely.
25. Why does Mathea Allansmith like the Honolulu Marathon
A. It provides the most awards. B. It’s easy to break a world record.
C. It has the strictest management. D. It has no time limit policy.
26. What contributes to her understanding the connection between moving and health
A. Her profession. B. Her hobbies. C. Her colleagues. D. Her family.
27. The last paragraph mainly talks about Mathea’s ________.
A. achievements B. ambition C. independence D. adventurous life
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了日前吉尼斯世界纪录发布官方认证, 来自美国夏威夷科洛亚的92岁奶奶Mathea Allansmith成为世界上完成全程马拉松的最年长女性。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子的后半句话“setting up the record for the oldest person to complete a marathon (female) (创造完成马拉松比赛年龄最大的人（女性）的纪录)”可知，92岁的Mathea 成功的冲过了马拉松的终点线，打破了完成马拉松比赛最年长的人 (女性) 的记录。所以划线单词的意思为“成功地”。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话““The Honolulu Marathon is my favourite marathon partly because they don’t close the gate at a certain time which allows even the slowest runners to finish the race,” she said. (她说：“火奴鲁鲁(檀香山)马拉松是我最喜欢的马拉松比赛，部分原因是它们不会在特定时间关门，即使是最慢的选手也能完成比赛。”)”可知，Mathea Allansmith喜欢火奴鲁鲁（檀香山）马拉松的原因是它没有时间限制。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Mathea says it was her career as a physician that allowed her to understand how her body and mind respond to diet and exercise.(Mathea说，正是她的医生生涯让她了解了自己的身心对饮食和锻炼的反应)”可推知，正是她作为医生的职业生涯让Mathea理解运动与健康之间的联系。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Mathea intends to keep running marathons for as long as she can and would like to attempt the record titles for the oldest person to complete a half marathon (female) and the oldest person to complete a 10K (female) within the next year.(Mathea打算尽可能长时间地继续跑马拉松，并希望在明年内打破最年长的人完成半程马拉松（女性）和最年长的10公里（女性）的纪录)”可知，本段主要介绍了Mathea的雄心壮志，她打算在明年内打破最年长的人完成半程马拉松（女性）和最年长的10公里（女性）的纪录。故选B。
C
Back in 2019, three Chinese scientists were playfighting during a break from working in the Chongqing Province, China. One was kung-fu kicked into a rock, causing an opening in the rock face. Inside, a wonderful fossil (化石) lay undisturbed, preserved for millions of years.
The fossil was a jawed fish, some 439 million years old, and the findings from the Chongqing site, along with other fossil findings in nearby Guizhou province, have excited the science world, as they are 11 million years older than any fish fossil found before. It is a significant discovery because scientists have suspected that jaws evolved (进化) some 450 million years ago, but there had yet to be any fossils that supported this theory. The oldest fossils with jaws found were 439 million years old.
In this discovery, though, there was a new species of shark that was 439 million years old, with a full jaw.
“All these things are still like dreams,” said Zhu Min, who led the research teams that recently published four papers on the discoveries. “Today we are staring at complete early fishes, 11 million years earlier than the previous oldest finds. These are both the most exciting as well as the most challenging fossils I have had the privilege to work on.”
Some of the fish that were discovered were placoderms, an extinct class of fish that have hard plates that formed a shield around the head and trunk, while others were an ancient type of shark.
The scientists found the oldest-known teeth of any vertebrate (脊椎动物), 14 million years older than any previous findings, as well as two other shark descendants. China has been the site of numerous discoveries in recent years, including fossils of feathered dinosaurs, as well as the oldest known animals on Earth.
“The discovery of the Chongqing site is indeed an unbelievable miracle of fossil hunting,” Zhu added. “Suddenly we realized we have found a jaw-dropping fossil site. We are now close to the core of solving the fishy tree of early jawed vertebrates.”
28. What is the function of the first paragraph
A. To witness the wonders of Kung Fu. B. To describe the background of the text.
C. To introduce a new species of fish. D. To lead in the main topic of the text.
29. Why is the discovery of the Chongqing site critical
A. It focuses on the most challenging fish fossils. B. It provides evidence of the evolution of jawed fish.
C. It includes fossils of different species of the fish. D. It traces the origin of the oldest animal on earth.
30. What’s Zhu Min’s attitude towards the discovery of the Chongqing site
A. Unclear. B. Passive. C. Positive. D. Neutral.
31. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Oldest Fish Fossil Was Discovered thanks to Kung Fu
B. Kung Fu Has Brought Major Benefits to the Science World
C. China Has Made Numerous Fossil Discoveries Recently
D. Chinese Scientists Strive to Help Finish the Fishy Tree
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了3名中国科学家在重庆探索，其中一人练过功夫，不小心踢到一块岩石，发现了一块保存了数百万年的化石。文章介绍了这一发现的重要意义以及相关人员对此的看法。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Back in 2019, three Chinese scientists were playfighting during a break from working in the Chongqing Province, China. One was kung-fu kicked into a rock, causing an opening in the rock face. Inside, a wonderful fossil (化石) lay undisturbed, preserved for millions of years.(早在2019年，在中国重庆市，三名中国科学家在工作休息期间打闹。其中一人被功夫踢到一块岩石上，导致岩石表面裂开一个口子。在里面，一个奇妙的化石静静地躺着，保存了数百万年)”可推知，第一段是为了引出文章的话题——发现目前最古老完整的鱼化石。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The fossil was a jawed fish, some 439 million years old, and the findings from the Chongqing site, along with other fossil findings in nearby Guizhou province, have excited the science world, as they are 11 million years older than any fish fossil found before.(这块化石是一种下颚鱼，大约有4.39亿年的历史。重庆遗址的发现，以及附近贵州省的其他化石发现，令科学界兴奋不已，因为它们比之前发现的任何鱼类化石都要早1100万年)”可知，重庆遗址的发现至关重要是因为它提供了下颚鱼进化的证据。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The discovery of the Chongqing site is indeed an unbelievable miracle of fossil hunting,” Zhu added.(“重庆遗址的发现确实是化石狩猎的一个令人难以置信的奇迹，”朱补充说)”可推知，朱敏对这一发现持积极态度。故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Back in 2019, three Chinese scientists were playfighting during a break from working in the Chongqing Province, China. One was kung-fu kicked into a rock, causing an opening in the rock face. Inside, a wonderful fossil (化石) lay undisturbed, preserved for millions of years.(早在2019年，在中国重庆市，三名中国科学家在工作休息期间打闹。其中一人被功夫踢到一块岩石上，导致岩石表面裂开一个口子。在里面，一个奇妙的化石静静地躺着，保存了数百万年)”结合文章主要说明了3名中国科学家在重庆探索，其中一人练过功夫，不小心踢到一块岩石，发现了一块壮观的化石，是保存了约4.5亿年的鲨鱼祖先化石。文章介绍了这一发现的重要意义以及相关人员对此的看法。故A项“最古老的鱼化石因功夫而被发现”最能体现本文主旨。故选A。
D
In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink (缩小) for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a sharp fall in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.
The result is that in much of the world, the patter of tiny feet is being drowned out by the clatter of walking sticks. The prime examples of ageing countries are no longer just Japan and Italy but also include Brazil, Mexico and Thailand. By 2030 more than half the inhabitants of East and South-East Asia will be over 40. As the old die and are not fully replaced, populations are likely to shrink. Outside Africa, the world’s population is forecast to peak in the 2050s and end the century smaller than it is today. Even in Africa, the birth rate is falling fast.
Whatever some environmentalists say a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners (养老金). While the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises.
Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters-and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human intelligence. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand.
32. What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2
A. The development of economy is affected by old people.
B. There are more elderly people than young children.
C. The world’s population is still increasing too fast.
D. The birthrates vary in different parts of the world.
33. What does the third paragraph mainly focus on
A. The changes of age structure of populations. B. The reasons why the population is declining.
C. The situations where the baby bust occurs. D. The consequences that low birthrates bring.
34. What message does the author want to convey in the last paragraph
A. AI can decide human beings’ future.
B. AI can make humans’ intelligence lower.
C. AI can help solve the problems of the baby bust.
D. AI can take the place of humans’ looking after the old.
35. Why does the author write the text
A. To analyze a phenomenon. B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story. D. To present a research result.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球生育率暴跌，带来了深远的经济后果。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.(尽管人工智能在某些方面带来了乐观情绪，但婴儿荒仍笼罩着世界经济的未来)”以及第二段“The prime examples of ageing countries are no longer just Japan and Italy but also include Brazil, Mexico and Thailand.(老龄化国家的主要例子不再只是日本和意大利，还包括巴西、墨西哥和泰国)”可知，在世界大部分地区，出现人口老龄化现象，婴儿的数量少，老年人的数量多；由此推测，划线句子表示老人的数量多于婴儿数量。故选B。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners (养老金). While the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises. (不管一些环保人士怎么说，人口减少都会带来问题。世界还没有接近饱和，年轻人减少造成的经济困难很多。显而易见的一点是，支撑世界的养老金领取者变得越来越困难。虽然富裕国家目前约有三名年龄在20岁至64岁之间人支撑每个65岁以上的人，但到2050年，这一数字将少于两人。其影响包括更高的税收、更晚的退休时间、更低的储蓄者实际回报，以及可能的政府预算危机)”可知，本段主要关注人口减少带来的问题，即低出生率带来的后果。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters-and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. (因此，最终，世界将不得不适应更少的年轻人，也许还有不断减少的人口。考虑到这一点，人工智能的最新进展来得正是时候)”可知，作者在最后一段想要传达的是，婴儿荒这一问题不可避免，人工智能来的正是时候，可能帮助人类解决婴儿荒问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.(尽管人工智能在某些方面带来了乐观情绪，但婴儿荒仍笼罩着世界经济的未来)”、第三段“The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises. (其影响包括更高的税收、更晚的退休时间、更低的储蓄者实际回报，以及可能的政府预算危机)”以及文章内容可知，本文客观地介绍了“婴儿荒”这一现象对世界经济的影响，包括其产生的前因后果，作者写本文的目的是分析这种现象。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever thought of yourself as the main character of a heroic adventure It could be good for your health. Research suggests that imagining yourself on a hero’s journey could help you achieve a more meaningful life. You might be familiar with the hero’s journey. ___36___ Mulan, and Harry Potter courageously facing their trials, all take this journey. How can you start imagining your life as a hero’s journey Here, experts share some strategies.
Keep a journal. Ask yourself: What makes you you Describe your personality and core values. Think about events in your life that made you who you are today. Then consider the challenges that stand in your way, and which friends can help you on your journey. ___37___
Change the way you see obstacles. Going through a tough time See your problems as challenges. ___38___ A challenge is a chance to develop strength and be the hero of your own story.
Go on more heroic adventures. “We like people who have new experiences and grow from their challenges.” Roger says. ___39___ It can be simple, like walking a new route to school. Or it can be dramatic, like borrowing a bike and riding it to school.
___40___ Say you’re facing a big challenge. Thinking of a favorite hero’s story can help you have that eagle-eye view of what might be next for you, or what you should be paying attention to. Stories become this map that you can always turn to. That can be reassuring. It reminds you that a new chapter almost certainly awaits you.
A. So seek out something new.
B. Writing down a few sentences can help.
C. When you need a boost, think of your heroes.
D. It’s a common storyline in books and movies.
E. Think of them as opportunities for growth and learning.
F. They return home to benefit their community with what they’ve learned.
G. The way people tell their life story shapes how meaningful their lives feel.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明，想象自己在英雄的旅程中可以帮助你实现更有意义的生活。文章给出了如何把自己的生活想象成英雄的旅程的策略。
【36题详解】
上文“You might be familiar with the hero’s journey. (你可能对英雄旅程很熟悉)”说明我们对英雄的旅程很熟悉。下文“Mulan, and Harry Potter courageously facing their trials, all take this journey.(《花木兰》和《哈利波特》勇敢地面对考验，都踏上了这段旅程)”说明了电影和书中的英雄之旅。空处承上启下，D项中的“ a common storyline”和上文中的“the hero’s journey”相呼应。“in books and movies”和下文中的“Mulan, and Harry Potter”相呼应，说明这是书和电影中常见的故事情节，所以我们很熟悉。故选D。
【37题详解】
主旨句“Keep a journal(写日记)”以及上文“Then consider the challenges that stand in your way, and which friends can help you on your journey. (然后考虑一下阻碍你前进的挑战，以及哪些朋友可以在你的旅程中帮助你)”说明我们可以写日记记录生活中的事情。空处总结前文。B项中的“Writing down a few sentence”呼应主旨句，说明对于阻碍你前进的挑战和帮助你的朋友都可以写下几句话，这会对你有帮助。故选B。
【38题详解】
上文“See your problems as challenges.(将你的问题视为挑战)”说明可以把问题视为挑战。空处承上启下，E项中的them指代前文中“your problems”，“opportunities for growth and learning”和下文中“a chance to develop strength”相呼应，说明把这些问题看作是成长和学习的机会。故选E。
【39题详解】
上文““We like people who have new experiences and grow from their challenges.” Roger says.(罗杰说：“我们喜欢那些有新经验并在挑战中成长的人。”)”说明我们可以尝试新的东西，体验新的事物。空处和前文为因果关系，并且引出下文。A项“所以寻找新的东西。”符合语境。该项中的something new和上文中的“new experiences”以及下文中的“like walking a new route to school”相呼应。故选A。
【40题详解】
下文“Say you’re facing a big challenge. Thinking of a favorite hero’s story can help you have that eagle-eye view of what might be next for you, or what you should be paying attention to. (假设你面临一个巨大的挑战。思考一个最喜欢的英雄的故事可以帮助你对下一步可能发生的事情或你应该注意的事情有一个敏锐的眼光)”说明当我们面对新挑战时，想象自己在英雄的旅程中可以帮助我们去面对挑战。C项“当你需要提升时，想想你的英雄。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For many young Canadians, planting trees is more than just a job. It’s a way of ___41___ — and it could be catching on, thanks to a popular ___42___ by Leslie. While working for a logging company, the 29-year-old filmed herself using the ___43___ method that allowed her to plant 4,545 trees in a single day. She said that the summer work is incredibly ___44___. Many college students are ___45___ to tree planting as a summer job, for which they receive 13-27 cents per tree.
In Canada, planting tree is not easy work, according to Leslie. Not only is it ___46___ tiring, but it also ___47___ laborers to the bad weather.
“It could start the day off ___48___ and then minutes later, it will just be raining or snowing. You never know what to ___49___,” she described. “There were some days that we were planting through a heat ___50___, so we had like 37-to-40-degree weather for several days straight and that was really ___51___.”
Leslie has also had to ___52___ being bitten by mosquitoes while walking through rocky places. Then, there’s the threat of local wildlife becoming ___53___. While Leslie herself has only seen most large animals from a distance, a 21-year-old woman performing the same ___54___ just survived a bear attack last week.
So far, Leslie has planted a total of 372,290 trees in the past few years. ___55___, she’s still nowhere near beating the Guinness World record. That honor ___56___ Kenny Chaplin, who once planted 15,170 trees in 19 hours. After 35 years on the job, he says he’d ___57___ it to anyone.
“I think every parent in Canada should be ___58___ their kid out tree planting because it will take your child and it’ll turn them into a worker,” he ___59___. “They’ll learn how to work, and they’ll have ___60___. They’ll have money in their pockets.”
41
A. appointment B. wisdom C. thinking D. life
42.
A. magazine B. diary C. video D. story
43.
A. gentle B. speedy C. common D. influential
44.
A. rewarding B. boring C. dull D. diverse
45.
A. guided B. made C. lifted D. drawn
46.
A. permanently B. barely C. gradually D. physically
47.
A. spreads B. applies C. exposes D. compares
48.
A. heavy B. sunny C. severe D. strange
49.
A. expect B. organize C. prefer D. recover
50.
A. scream B. action C. push D. wave
51.
A. sudden B. different C. obvious D. difficult
52.
A. stand B. consider C. forgive D. suggest
53.
A. dangerous B. puzzling C. interesting D. mysterious
54.
A. skill B. job C. show D. experiment
55.
A. Moreover B. However C. Instead D. Besides
56.
A. turns to B. relates to C. belongs to D. aims to
57.
A. admit B. warn C. believe D. recommend
58.
A. sending B. celebrating C. understanding D. deciding
59.
A. imagined B. argued C. explained D. responded
60.
A. version B. choice C. responsibility D. location
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. C 60. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述加拿大很多大学生把种树当做暑假的一项工作和一种生活方式，并介绍了这项工作的内容。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种生活方式，而且由于Leslie的一个受欢迎的视频，它可能会流行起来。A. appointment约会，预约；B. wisdom智慧；C. thinking思维，思想；D. life生活。根据上文“planting trees is more than just a job”以及空前的“a way of”可知，种树不仅仅是一项工作，是一种生活方式，故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. magazine杂志；B. diary日记；C. video视频；D. story故事。根据下文“the 29-year-old filmed herself…”可知，此处指Leslie拍摄的一个视频。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一家伐木公司工作期间，29岁的她拍摄自己使用这种快速的方法在一天内种下了4545棵树。A. gentle温柔的；B. speedy迅速的，快速的；C. common普通的；D. influential有影响力的。根据“that allowed her to plant 4,545 trees in a single day”可知，她在一天内种植了4545棵树，故是一种快速的方法，故选B。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说暑假的工作非常有回报。A. rewarding有回报的，值得做的；B. boring令人厌倦的；C. dull迟钝的；D. diverse多种多样的。根据下文“for which they receive 13-27 cents per tree”可知，种一棵树可以得到13-27美分，故这项工作是有回报的，故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多大学生都把植树作为一项暑期工作，每棵树他们可以得到13-27美分。A. guided指导；B. made制作；C. lifted举起；D. drawn吸引。根据“as a summer job, for which they receive 13-27 cents per tree”可知，种一棵树可以得到13-27美分，所以很多大学生被吸引把它当做暑期的工作，be drawn to“被……吸引”，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它不仅使体力疲劳，而且还使工人暴露在恶劣的天气中。A. permanently永久地；B. barely仅仅，几乎没有；C. gradually逐渐地；D. physically身体上。根据“planting tree is not easy work”可知，种树不是一项容易的工作，体力方面很劳累，故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. spreads传播；B. applies申请；C. exposes暴露；D. compares比较。根据空后“to the bad weather”及语境可知，种树者在户外工作，故会暴露在恶劣的天气中，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始可能是晴天，几分钟后就会下雨或下雪。A. heavy 重的；B. sunny晴朗的；C. severe严峻的；D. strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据下文“then minutes later, it will just be raining or snowing”可知，此处和“raining or snowing”形成对比，指一开始是晴天，几分钟后就会变成下雨或下雪，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你永远不知道会发生什么，”她描述道。A. expect预期，预计；B. organize组织；C. prefer较喜欢；D. recover恢复。上文提到天气阴晴不定，故此处指永远不知道会发生什么，故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几天我们在热浪中种植，所以我们连续几天都有37到40度的天气，这真的很困难。A. scream尖叫；B. action行动；C. push推，鼓励；D. wave波浪。根据“so we had like 37-to-40-degree weather for several days straight”可知，天气非常炎热，此处指“热浪”，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sudden突然的；B. different不同的；C. obvious明显的；D. difficult困难的。结合常识可知，在炎热的天气里工作是非常艰难的，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leslie还不得不忍受在多岩石的地方行走时被蚊子叮咬。A. stand忍受；B. consider考虑；C. forgive原谅；D. suggest建议。根据空后“being bitten by mosquitoes”可知，此处指不得不忍受被蚊虫叮咬，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后是当地野生动物变得危险的威胁。A. dangerous危险的；B. puzzling令人困惑的；C. interesting有趣的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据下文“survived a bear attack”可知，此处指野生动物变得危险的威胁，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然Leslie本人只在远处看到过大多数大型动物，但一名21岁的女性在做同样的工作时，上周刚刚躲过了熊的袭击。A. skill技巧；B. job工作；C. show展示；D. experiment实验。上文“While Leslie herself has only seen most large animals from a distance”提到Leslie在远处看到过大多数大型动物，下文提到一名21岁的女性上周刚刚躲过了熊的袭击，故她应是和Leslie做同样的工作，在种树时遇到危险，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她离打破吉尼斯世界纪录还差得远。A. Moreover此外；B. However然而；C. Instead相反；D. Besides此外。上文“So far, Leslie has planted a total of 372,290 trees in the past few years.(到目前为止，Leslie在过去的几年里共种植了372290棵树)”提到Leslie共种植了372290棵树，与下文“她离打破吉尼斯世界纪录还差得远”是转折关系，故用However，故选B。
【56题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一荣誉属于Kenny Chaplin，他曾在19小时内种植了15170棵树。A. turns to求助于；B. relates to与……有关；C. belongs to属于；D. aims to旨在。“That honor”指代上文“the Guinness World record”，此处指“吉尼斯世界记录这一荣誉属于Kenny Chaplin”，故选C。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这份工作上工作了35年之后，他说他会把它推荐给任何人。A. admit承认；B. warn警告；C. believe相信；D. recommend推荐。根据下文“I think every parent in Canada should be ___18___ their kid out tree planting”可知，Kenny Chaplin认为父母应该带孩子去种树，故此处指他会推荐这份工作，故选D。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我认为加拿大的每一位父母都应该送他们的孩子出去植树，因为这会让你的孩子成为一名劳动者，”他解释说。A. sending派遣，安排去；B. celebrating庆祝；C. understanding理解；D. deciding决定。根据“because it will take your child and it’ll turn them into a worker”可知，种树对孩子有好处，故此处指每一位父母都应该送他们的孩子出去植树，故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. imagined想象；B. argued争论；C. explained解释；D. responded回应，响应。上文“he says he’d ___17___ it to anyone”提到他推荐这份工作，此处是解释原因，故选C。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会学习如何工作，他们会学会承担责任。A. version版本；B. choice选择；C. responsibility责任；D. location位置。根据“They’ll learn how to work”可知，此处指描述孩子从种树这份工作中获得的好处，“他们会学会承担责任”符合语境，故选C。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
As one of the three major drinks in the world, tea is also the most consumed drink after water on earth. Since tea trees ___61___ (discover) thousands of years ago, the drink has become closely integrated with daily life and has developed into ___62___ unique culture.
How could such a little leaf from nature generate such great power An ongoing exhibition ___63___ (focus) on tea culture manages ___64___ (explorer) the answer by offering visitors a comprehensive view of the drink.
The World of Tea: Special Exhilition of Tea Culture takes place at the Wu Men Exhibition Hall of the Palace Museum from September 2 to November 30 in Beijing. It displays 555 items ___65___ (attach) to tea culture, many of ___66___ are representative collections of 30 cultural institutions and museums at home and abroad.
Furthermore, it also provides insights into a cultural phenomenon’s origins, evolution and ___67___ (remark) achievements while emphasizing how it has acted as a unifying thread connecting diverse regions and fostering the integration of various ethnic groups. Using tea as a medium, it displays the essence of Chinese tea culture, and also embodies the Chinese philosophical ___68___ (pursue) of unity between heaven and humanity.
Wang Guangyao, director of the show and also a researcher at the Palace Museum, says, “We want our audience to ___69___ (complete) lose themselves in the show by setting ___70___ interaction spaces.”
【答案】61. were discovered
62. a 63. focusing
64. to explore
65. attached
66. which 67. remarkable
68. pursuit
pletely
70. up
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是“茶的世界：茶文化专题展”将于9月至11月30日在北京故宫博物院吴门展览馆举行。
【61题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自从茶树在几千年前被发现以来，这种饮料已经与日常生活紧密结合，并发展成为一种独特的文化。茶树是被发现，由thousands of years ago可知，时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语trees是复数，因此空格处是were discovered。故填were discovered。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：自从茶树在几千年前被发现以来，这种饮料已经与日常生活紧密结合，并发展成为一种独特的文化。culture是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unique是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一个正在进行的以茶文化为主题的展览试图通过为游客提供一个全面的饮料视图来探索答案。句中谓语是manages，空格处用非谓语动词，exhibition和focus之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作定语。故填focusing。
【64题详解】
考查不定式。句意：一个正在进行的以茶文化为主题的展览试图通过为游客提供一个全面的饮料视图来探索答案。manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to explore。故填to explore。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它展示了555件与茶文化有关的物品，其中许多是国内外30家文化机构和博物馆的代表性藏品。句中谓语是displays，空格处用非谓语动词，items和attach之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作定语。故填attached。
【66题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它展示了555件与茶文化有关的物品，其中许多是国内外30家文化机构和博物馆的代表性藏品。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词items是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。
【67题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，它还提供了一种文化现象的起源、演变和显著成就的见解，同时强调了它如何成为连接不同地区和促进各民族融合的统一线索。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词achievements，remark的形容词是remarkable，意为“引人注目的，非凡的”，故填remarkable。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意：它以茶为媒介，展示了中国茶文化的精髓，也体现了中国天人合一的哲学追求。philosophical是形容词，修饰名词，pursue的名词是pursuit，意为“追求”，是不可数名词，作宾语。故填pursuit。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们希望通过设置互动空间，让观众完全沉浸在展览中。空格处用副词修饰动词lose，complete的副词是completely，意为“完全地”，故填completely。
【70题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们希望通过设置互动空间，让观众完全沉浸在展览中。根据语境可知，句子表示“我们希望通过设置互动空间，让观众完全沉浸在展览中”，set up是固定短语，意为“设置”，因此空格处是up，故填up。
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
There are many unforgettable person around us. But for me a most unforgettable one is my English teacher, Mr. Liu. That frequently brings back my memories is his great qualities. First, he gave us the greatest gift a good teacher could offer — an awakening of a passion with learning. He led us to the beautiful of the English language. Furthermore, I attracted by his lively wisdom. We students were always eager to attended his class because his lectures were humorous delivered. Although it has been nearly five years since I attended his last class, but he is the talk of our classmates, and I know part of her has already stayed in my heart.
【答案】1.person→persons
2.a→the
3.That→What
4.with→for
5.beautiful→beauty
6.在attracted前面加was
7.attended→attend
8.humorous→humorously
9.删除but
10.her→him
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了令自己最难忘的人——英语老师Mr. Liu。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：我们身边有许多难忘人。person“人，个人”，可数名词，根据“many”可知，此处应用名词复数形式作主语，故将person改为persons。
2.考查定冠词。句意：但对我来说，最难忘的是我的英语老师，刘老师。“most unforgettable”是形容词最高级，其前用定冠词修饰，故将a改为the。
3.考查主语从句连接词。句意：经常使我想起的是他的优秀品质。此处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，that引导主语从句时不在句中作成分，故将That改为What。
4.考查介词。句意：首先，他给了我们一个好老师能给我们的最好的礼物——唤醒了我们对学习的热情。passion for…“对……的热爱”，固定搭配，故将with改为for。
5.考查名词。句意：他带领我们领略了英语之美。结合“the”以及“of”可知，此处应用名词形式作介词to的宾语，beauty“美，美丽”，不可数名词，beautiful为形容词，不符合语法结构，故将beautiful改为beauty。
6.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，我被他活泼的智慧所吸引。主语I和动词attract之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was，故在attracted前面加was。
7.考查动词原形。句意：我们学生总是渴望上他的课，因为他的讲课很幽默。be eager to do sth“渴望做某事”，故此处应用动词原形，故将attended改为attend。
8.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词“delivered”应用副词形式humorously，故将humorous改为humorously。
9.考查句子结构。句意：虽然离上次上他的课已经快5年了，但他是同学们的话题，我知道他的一部分已经留在了我的心里。Although引导让步状语从句，主句中的连词“but”多余，故删除but。
10.考查代词。句意同上。根据上文“Mr. Liu”可知，此处指代刘老师，应用代词him，故将her改为him。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华，你校外教老师 Mathew让以小组为单位在课下做一个关于“运动与健康”的项目(Project)，请你作为小组长给老师发一封邮件沟通有关事宜。内容包括：
1.项目内容以及迸展;
2. 寻求建议。
注意: 1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mathew,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mathew,
I’m Li Hua, a group leader of the “Sports and Fitness” Project. I am writing to introduce our project and its progress.
Our group intends to do a presentation, ranging from the benefits of sports to some great athletes, aiming to encourage more students to exercise actively and keep healthy. Besides, we hope to raise funds for sports clubs of our school. At present, we have collected related materials and the interviews conducted also go well. However, we are wondering how to make the project more creative and effective. We sincerely hope to get your advice.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给给老师发一封邮件沟通“运动与健康”的项目的有关事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
健康的：healthy→fit
另外：besides→moreover
然而：however→nevertheless
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, a group leader of the “Sports and Fitness” Project.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, who is a group leader of the “Sports and Fitness” Project.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Our group intends to do a presentation, ranging from the benefits of sports to some great athletes, aiming to encourage more students to exercise actively and keep healthy. (运用了现在分词作定语和状语)
[高分句型2] At present, we have collected related materials and the interviews conducted also go well. (运用了过去分词作后置定语)2024届高三一轮复习联考 (四) 全国卷
英语试题
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2, 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考试时间为120分钟, 满分150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the two speakers mainly talking about
A. Today’s weather. B. Judy’s weekend. C. Judy’s cousin.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the woman pay at last
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Angela going to do today
A. Practise martial arts. B. Visit her grandparents. C. Work in a grocery store.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a barber’s. B. In the library. C. In a shopping center.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What help does the man need
A. To be driven to the airport. B. To send John to the airport. C. To have his car fixed today.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5 分, 满分22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What do the speakers need to do according to the man
A. Respond to the demands of the customers.
B. Participate in the company’s contest.
C. Give a name to a new product.
7. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Turning to a consulting company.
B. Asking for the customers’ opinions.
C. Organizing an unusual meeting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When did the flight attendant see the backpack
A. After the plane landed.
B. When the little girl dropped it.
C. While the woman was brushing her teeth.
9. When did the woman get her luggage
A. At about 7:00. B. At about 8:30. C. At about 9:30.
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the airport. B. In a restaurant. C. In a security office.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the woman think of the gasoline price
A. It’s low. B. It’s high. C. It’s normal.
12. What’s Lucy’s last consideration when buying a car
A. Safety issues. B. Fuel consumption. C. The size of an engine.
13. Why are some hi-tech devices built in these green cars according to the man
A. To make their prices lower. B. To make them pollute less. C. To satisfy customers’ needs.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the speakers’ attitude towards the change of manners
A. Positive. B. Unconcerned. C. Dissatisfied.
15. What did the speakers use to do in the afternoon
A. Play outside. B. Have a light sleep. C. Look after their kids.
16. Why does the woman think it hard to have parties
A. She can’t find good places for them.
B. She never knows who to invite.
C. She’s not sure who may come.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the speaker doing
A. Giving a lecture. B. Hosting a TV talk show. C. Introducing a course of interviews.
18. What advice does the speaker offer about “how to speak”
A. Speak loudly. B. Don’t speak too fast. C. Keep your voice lower than usual.
19. What does the speaker say about body language
A. Smiling makes one look pretty.
B. Proper sitting manners make one appear relaxed.
C. Keeping eye contact shows one’s openness and honesty.
20. What helps to impress the interviewer in the first place
A. Appropriate body language. B. The beautiful voice. C. The way one is dressed.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Much-loved 100-Word-Story Competition
Our much-loved 100-Word-Story Competition is back! Enter for the chance to win prizes of up to 1,000.
Rules and prizes
Please ensure that submissions are original, not previously published and exactly 100 words long(not including title). Don’t forget to include your full name, address, email and phone number when filling in the form. We may use entries in all print and electronic media.
Terms and conditions:
There are three categories—one for adults and two categories for schools (one for children aged12-18 and one for children under 12).
● In the adults category, the winner will receive 1,000 and one runner-up will receive 250.
● In the 12-18s category, the winner will receive a 200 book voucher (代金券) or a Kindle Paperwhite and a 100 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a 100 book voucher.
● In the under-12 category, the winner will receive a 100 book voucher or a Kindle Paperwhite and a 50 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a 50 book voucher.
Please submit your stories by 5 pm on January 5, 2024 either online or by post addressed to:
Reader’s Digest
00 Word Story Competition
Warmers Group Publications
West Street, Bourne
PE10 9PH
The editorial team will pick a shortlist of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online at readersdigest.co.uk on February 1, 2024. You can vote you’re your favourite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on February 29,2024 and the winning entries will be published in our May 2024 issue, and posted online on April 16, 2024.
21. What do we know about the writing event from the text
A. It will pick out 6 best entries. B. Each entry is 100 words or fewer.
C. Only students over 12 can enter it. D. Entries can be in electronic version.
22. What will the runner-up get in the 12-18s category
A. A Kindle Paperwhite. B. A 100 book voucher.
C. 250 in prize money. D. An issue of Reader’s Digest.
23. When can we know who the winners are
A. On January 5, 2024. B. On February 1, 2024.
C. On April 16. 2024. D. On February 29,2024.
B
Mathea Allansmith isn’t your typical grandmother, and she’s the oldest woman in the world to have completed a marathon. She was 92 years 194 days old when she triumphantly crossed the finish line at the 2022 Honolulu Marathon, setting up the record for the oldest person to complete a marathon (female).
Mathea, now 93, of Koloa, Hawaii, USA, stays in shape all year round by running six days a week, no matter the e rain or shine, she covered 36 miles every week, even when she’s on holiday. The retired doctor didn’t take up running until she was 46 years old. After a colleague suggested running two miles per day.
“The Honolulu Marathon is my favourite marathon partly because they don’t close the gate at a certain time which allows even the slowest runners to finish the race,” she said. “It’s one of the best-executed races. Fantastic registration, set up and management makes it a joy to participate in.
Mathea, who doesn’t allow her age to slow her down, says she is happiest when she’s on the road. She enjoys running for miles and waving and saying hello to the people she passes. To stay in shape, Mathea, who runs year around, keeps a steady training routine. “I train year-round but increase the mileage starting 18 weeks before a marathon,” she said.
Mathea says it was her career as a physician that allowed her to understand how her body and mind respond to diet and exercise. “I see the direct connection between moving and health,” she said. It is important to reduce stress rather than ignoring it without a plan on how to do so in the long run. Of course, exercise of any kind is a natural stress reducer. ”
Mathea intends to keep running marathons for as long as she can and would like to attempt the record titles for the oldest person to complete a half marathon (female) and the oldest person to complete a 10K (female) within the next year.
24. What does the underlined word “triumphantly” in the first paragraph mean
A. Absolutely. B. Literally. C. Successfully. D. Precisely.
25. Why does Mathea Allansmith like the Honolulu Marathon
A It provides the most awards. B. It’s easy to break a world record.
C. It has the strictest management. D. It has no time limit policy.
26. What contributes to her understanding the connection between moving and health
A. Her profession. B. Her hobbies. C. Her colleagues. D. Her family.
27. The last paragraph mainly talks about Mathea’s ________.
A. achievements B. ambition C. independence D. adventurous life
C
Back in 2019, three Chinese scientists were playfighting during a break from working in the Chongqing Province, China. One was kung-fu kicked into a rock, causing an opening in the rock face. Inside, a wonderful fossil (化石) lay undisturbed, preserved for millions of years.
The fossil was a jawed fish, some 439 million years old, and the findings from the Chongqing site, along with other fossil findings in nearby Guizhou province, have excited the science world, as they are 11 million years older than any fish fossil found before. It is a significant discovery because scientists have suspected that jaws evolved (进化) some 450 million years ago, but there had yet to be any fossils that supported this theory. The oldest fossils with jaws found were 439 million years old.
In this discovery, though, there was a new species of shark that was 439 million years old, with a full jaw.
“All these things are still like dreams,” said Zhu Min, who led the research teams that recently published four papers on the discoveries. “Today we are staring at complete early fishes, 11 million years earlier than the previous oldest finds. These are both the most exciting as well as the most challenging fossils I have had the privilege to work on.”
Some of the fish that were discovered were placoderms, an extinct class of fish that have hard plates that formed a shield around the head and trunk, while others were an ancient type of shark.
The scientists found the oldest-known teeth of any vertebrate (脊椎动物), 14 million years older than any previous findings, as well as two other shark descendants. China has been the site of numerous discoveries in recent years, including fossils of feathered dinosaurs, as well as the oldest known animals on Earth.
“The discovery of the Chongqing site is indeed an unbelievable miracle of fossil hunting,” Zhu added. “Suddenly we realized we have found a jaw-dropping fossil site. We are now close to the core of solving the fishy tree of early jawed vertebrates.”
28. What is the function of the first paragraph
A. To witness the wonders of Kung Fu. B. To describe the background of the text.
C. To introduce a new species of fish. D. To lead in the main topic of the text.
29. Why is the discovery of the Chongqing site critical
A. It focuses on the most challenging fish fossils. B. It provides evidence of the evolution of jawed fish.
C. It includes fossils of different species of the fish. D. It traces the origin of the oldest animal on earth.
30 What’s Zhu Min’s attitude towards the discovery of the Chongqing site
A. Unclear. B. Passive. C. Positive. D. Neutral.
31. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Oldest Fish Fossil Was Discovered thanks to Kung Fu
B. Kung Fu Has Brought Major Benefits to the Science World
C. China Has Made Numerous Fossil Discoveries Recently
D. Chinese Scientists Strive to Help Finish the Fishy Tree
D
In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink (缩小) for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a sharp fall in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.
The result is that in much of the world, the patter of tiny feet is being drowned out by the clatter of walking sticks. The prime examples of ageing countries are no longer just Japan and Italy but also include Brazil, Mexico and Thailand. By 2030 more than half the inhabitants of East and South-East Asia will be over 40. As the old die and are not fully replaced, populations are likely to shrink. Outside Africa, the world’s population is forecast to peak in the 2050s and end the century smaller than it is today. Even in Africa, the birth rate is falling fast.
Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners (养老金). While the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises.
Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters-and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human intelligence. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand.
32. What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2
A. The development of economy is affected by old people.
B. There are more elderly people than young children.
C. The world’s population is still increasing too fast.
D. The birthrates vary in different parts of the world.
33. What does the third paragraph mainly focus on
A. The changes of age structure of populations. B. The reasons why the population is declining.
C. The situations where the baby bust occurs. D. The consequences that low birthrates bring.
34. What message does the author want to convey in the last paragraph
A. AI can decide human beings’ future.
B. AI can make humans’ intelligence lower.
C. AI can help solve the problems of the baby bust.
D. AI can take the place of humans’ looking after the old.
35. Why does the author write the text
A. To analyze a phenomenon. B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story. D. To present a research result.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever thought of yourself as the main character of a heroic adventure It could be good for your health. Research suggests that imagining yourself on a hero’s journey could help you achieve a more meaningful life. You might be familiar with the hero’s journey. ___36___ Mulan, and Harry Potter courageously facing their trials, all take this journey. How can you start imagining your life as a hero’s journey Here, experts share some strategies.
Keep a journal. Ask yourself: What makes you you Describe your personality and core values. Think about events in your life that made you who you are today. Then consider the challenges that stand in your way, and which friends can help you on your journey. ___37___
Change the way you see obstacles. Going through a tough time See your problems as challenges. ___38___ A challenge is a chance to develop strength and be the hero of your own story.
Go on more heroic adventures. “We like people who have new experiences and grow from their challenges.” Roger says. ___39___ It can be simple, like walking a new route to school. Or it can be dramatic, like borrowing a bike and riding it to school.
___40___ Say you’re facing a big challenge. Thinking of a favorite hero’s story can help you have that eagle-eye view of what might be next for you, or what you should be paying attention to. Stories become this map that you can always turn to. That can be reassuring. It reminds you that a new chapter almost certainly awaits you.
A. So seek out something new.
B. Writing down a few sentences can help.
C. When you need a boost, think of your heroes.
D. It’s a common storyline in books and movies.
E. Think of them as opportunities for growth and learning.
F. They return home to benefit their community with what they’ve learned.
G. The way people tell their life story shapes how meaningful their lives feel.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For many young Canadians, planting trees is more than just a job. It’s a way of ___41___ — and it could be catching on, thanks to a popular ___42___ by Leslie. While working for a logging company, the 29-year-old filmed herself using the ___43___ method that allowed her to plant 4,545 trees in a single day. She said that the summer work is incredibly ___44___. Many college students are ___45___ to tree planting as a summer job, for which they receive 13-27 cents per tree.
In Canada, planting tree is not easy work, according to Leslie. Not only is it ___46___ tiring, but it also ___47___ laborers to the bad weather.
“It could start the day off ___48___ and then minutes later, it will just be raining or snowing. You never know what to ___49___,” she described. “There were some days that we were planting through a heat ___50___, so we had like 37-to-40-degree weather for several days straight and that was really ___51___.”
Leslie has also had to ___52___ being bitten by mosquitoes while walking through rocky places. Then, there’s the threat of local wildlife becoming ___53___. While Leslie herself has only seen most large animals from a distance, a 21-year-old woman performing the same ___54___ just survived a bear attack last week.
So far, Leslie has planted a total of 372,290 trees in the past few years. ___55___, she’s still nowhere near beating the Guinness World record. That honor ___56___ Kenny Chaplin, who once planted 15,170 trees in 19 hours. After 35 years on the job, he says he’d ___57___ it to anyone.
“I think every parent in Canada should be ___58___ their kid out tree planting because it will take your child and it’ll turn them into a worker,” he ___59___. “They’ll learn how to work, and they’ll have ___60___. They’ll have money in their pockets.”
41.
A. appointment B. wisdom C. thinking D. life
42.
A. magazine B. diary C. video D. story
43
A. gentle B. speedy C. common D. influential
44.
A. rewarding B. boring C. dull D. diverse
45.
A. guided B. made C. lifted D. drawn
46.
A. permanently B. barely C. gradually D. physically
47.
A. spreads B. applies C. exposes D. compares
48.
A. heavy B. sunny C. severe D. strange
49.
A. expect B. organize C. prefer D. recover
50.
A. scream B. action C. push D. wave
51.
A. sudden B. different C. obvious D. difficult
52.
A. stand B. consider C. forgive D. suggest
53.
A. dangerous B. puzzling C. interesting D. mysterious
54.
A. skill B. job C. show D. experiment
55.
A. Moreover B. However C. Instead D. Besides
56.
A. turns to B. relates to C. belongs to D. aims to
57.
A. admit B. warn C. believe D. recommend
58.
A sending B. celebrating C. understanding D. deciding
59.
A. imagined B. argued C. explained D. responded
60.
A. version B. choice C. responsibility D. location
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
As one of the three major drinks in the world, tea is also the most consumed drink after water on earth. Since tea trees ___61___ (discover) thousands of years ago, the drink has become closely integrated with daily life and has developed into ___62___ unique culture.
How could such a little leaf from nature generate such great power An ongoing exhibition ___63___ (focus) on tea culture manages ___64___ (explorer) the answer by offering visitors a comprehensive view of the drink.
The World of Tea: Special Exhilition of Tea Culture takes place at the Wu Men Exhibition Hall of the Palace Museum from September 2 to November 30 in Beijing. It displays 555 items ___65___ (attach) to tea culture, many of ___66___ are representative collections of 30 cultural institutions and museums at home and abroad.
Furthermore, it also provides insights into a cultural phenomenon’s origins, evolution and ___67___ (remark) achievements while emphasizing how it has acted as a unifying thread connecting diverse regions and fostering the integration of various ethnic groups. Using tea as a medium, it displays the essence of Chinese tea culture, and also embodies the Chinese philosophical ___68___ (pursue) of unity between heaven and humanity.
Wang Guangyao, director of the show and also a researcher at the Palace Museum, says, “We want our audience to ___69___ (complete) lose themselves in the show by setting ___70___ interaction spaces.”
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
There are many unforgettable person around us. But for me a most unforgettable one is my English teacher, Mr. Liu. That frequently brings back my memories is his great qualities. First, he gave us the greatest gift a good teacher could offer — an awakening of a passion with learning. He led us to the beautiful of the English language. Furthermore, I attracted by his lively wisdom. We students were always eager to attended his class because his lectures were humorous delivered. Although it has been nearly five years since I attended his last class, but he is the talk of our classmates, and I know part of her has already stayed in my heart.
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华，你校外教老师 Mathew让以小组为单位在课下做一个关于“运动与健康”的项目(Project)，请你作为小组长给老师发一封邮件沟通有关事宜。内容包括：
1.项目内容以及迸展;
2. 寻求建议。
注意: 1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mathew,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

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