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Unit 4 知识清单
advertisement n. 广告 an advertisement 缩写ads Advertise v.做广告
Funny adj. 有趣的，滑稽的，好笑的
Fun un. 乐趣 ①have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself
②have fun doing做某事很有趣 ③make fun of取笑
Create v. 创造，创作 creation ①un.创造，创建 ②cn.创造物，作品
Creator cn.创造者 creative adj.有创造力的
Comfortable adj. 舒服的，舒适的 more comfortable， the most comfortable
反义词：uncomfortable 不舒服的 comfortably adv. 舒服地
century n.世纪 复数形式centuries a century=one/a hundred years 一百年
The+序数词+世纪 in the 21th century
Invent和discover的区别
Invent：发明，发明以前未曾有过的事物
Discover： 发现，客观存在的，但不为人所知
Since ①prep.自.....以来 since then 自那以来，常与现在完成时连用
Since和for的区别
Since+时间点 since five years ago since 1998
for+时间段 for 5 years
②连词，后接从句
主句（常用现在完成时且谓语动词为延续性动词）+since+从句（一般过去时）
She has stayed at home since she left school.
It’s been+一段时间+since+从句（一般过去时）
自从......以来已经有多长时间了
It has been 10 years since they married.= It is 10 years since they married.
Distance n.距离；间距 distant adj.遥远的
①in the distance在远处 ②at/from a distance从远处 ③a distance of ....的距离
Develop v.开发，研制 development n.发展
Developing adj.发展中的 developed adj.发达的
a developing/developed country 发展中国家/发达国家
Dust un. 灰尘 dusty adj.满满灰尘的
Special adj. 特殊的，特别的 specially adv.特别地
The following 下述，下列 ，后面谓语动词的单复数由后面的人或物的单复数决定
The following is a short summary of the article.
The following are three ads.
①Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
②allow doing sth. 允许做某事
③be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
①Keep in touch with与....保持联系=stay in touch with 可以与时间段连用
②keep in touch保持联系
③get in touch with与...取得联系，不能与时间段连用
Suppose v.认为。假定，假设 ① suppose that+宾语从句
I suppose that we will meet in Shenyang.
②be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事=should，表示建议，义务或责任
You are supposed to study hard.
Keep....off使....不接近（不接触，远离）
At the same time 同时=meanwhile
Rise和raise的区别
Rise，提高的对象在句子中作主语， rise-rose-risen
①指声响的“提高；增强”
②指物体/人从低处向高处上升。太阳升起，河水上涨，人起身。
The sun rises in the east. The river has risen. She rose from the chair.
③指数字或数量的增加。价格上涨。 The price of gas rose.
Raise，提高的对象作raise的宾语，raised-raised-raised
①指提高数量，水平等，如声音，价格，薪水等 They had to raise the price.
②指人为地将人或物体移动到一个较高的位置 The boy raised his hand in greeting.
与time有关的短语：
①all the time一直 ②at times=sometimes有时 ③from time to time 不时地
④for the first time首次 ⑤on time 按时 ⑥in time及时
⑦once upon a time从前 ⑧at a time每次；逐一 ⑨at the same time同时
Success un.成功；胜利 have success in（doing）sth. 做某事某方面很成功
cn.成功的人或事
Succeed v.成功 succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事
Successful adj.成功的 be successful in （doing）sth. 在做某事方面是成功的
Successfully adv. 成功地 do sth. Successfully 成功地做某事
Such和so的用法
☆such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数
She is such a good girl.=She is so good a girl.
语法：形容词副词的比较级和最高级
1. 原级句型：
1) 肯定结构：A…+ as +原级+ as + B Eg: I’m as tall as Lucy.
2) 否定结构：A…not + as/so +原级+ as + B Eg: I’m not as/so carefully as Lucy.
3) as many+可数名词复数+as Eg: The Blacks throw away as many cans as the Browns.
4) as much+不可数名词复数+as Eg: The Blacks throw away as much paper as the Browns.
5) 原级 前可用very、too、so、enough、rather、quite等修饰。
2. 比较级句型：
1) …比较级+ than…； Eg: A horse is heavier than a sheep.
2) Which/who is +（the）比较级，A or B ；Eg: Which is the older, Tom or Bob
3) 倍数+比较级+ than… Eg: This apple is three times bigger than that one.
4) 比较级 and 比较级（单音节词）/more and more +原级（多音节词）表示越来越……
Eg: The tree grows taller and taller.
Our environment is becoming more and more beautiful with our hard work.
5) The+ 比较级…，the +比较级…：表示“越…越…”
Eg: The more money you make，the more you spend.
6) 比较级 前可用much、even、far、a bit、a little 等来修饰；
7) “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中比较…”
Eg：He is the cleverer of the two boys.
3. 最高级句型：
1) the + 最高级+ 由of/ in构成的表示范围的介词短语 “在…最…”
Eg: I am the tallest of all the students in my class.
2) one of the +最高级+名词复数 “ 最…之一”
Eg:Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
3) the+序数词+最高级：表示某个范围内在第几位
Eg:The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
4.比较级表最高级句型：
“比任何一个都…” “形容词比较级+than any other+单数名词”(范围内)
“形容词比较级+ than any+单数名词”（范围外）
Eg:He is taller than any other boy in his class=He is the tallest boy……
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。

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