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2024 年高考英语语法填空
（2023 秋 ·湖北 · 高三校际联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s forest area 1 (increase) by 22 million hectares over the past decade, according to a report 2
(publish) by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Sunday. The growth has significantly improved the country’s ecological environment while 3 (contribute) a quarter of the world’s new forests during the period. The country’s forest coverage rate now stands higher jumping from 8.6 percent in 1949 to 24.02 percent
now.
Key projects have been promoted in the country’s move toward large-scale land afforestation 4 Three-North Shelterbelt Forest is one of them. Three-North Shelterbelt Forest, 5 was launched in 1978, develops extensive shelterbelts in the northern part of China 6 (decrease) the effect of sandstorms and soil erosion. It 7 (cover) a combined area of 4.07 million square kilometers, accounting 8 42.4 percent of the country’s land area. It’s also home to the world’s 9 (large) artificial plantation. From a wasteland to a sea of forests, the miraculous 10 (transform) reflects the country’s efforts for improving the environment.
（2023·湖南 · 校联考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yue Opera, one of the five major Chinese operas and 11 second largest type nationally, is known as “Chinese drama” abroad. It 12 (originate) in Shengzhou City in Zhejiang Province, 13 was part of the Yue State in the Spring and Autumn Period, so it was named Yue Opera. It has at least thirteen schools and prevails （盛 行 ） in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi and Anhui areas, as well as cities 14 northern China such as Beijing and Tianjin.
Yue Opera was born in 1906 as the “little song class”. In 1938, it formally adopted the name of Yue Opera. 15 (absorb) the elements of Shaoxing Opera, Yue Opera enriched them and created 16 (it) own type of music. It is good at expressing emotions through singing. Maintaining its soft tunes, sweet 17 (melody), refined style, Yue Opera adopted artistic achievements from the modern drama, Kunqu Opera and Western music, 18 created a new performance.
Up to now, many years of development 19 (make) Yue Opera a most important opera style next to Beijing Opera in China, taking its theme from fairy tales, literary classics and 20 (history) stories. Popular plays include Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, Dream of the Red Chamber and Mrs. Xianglin.
（2023 秋 ·湖南长沙 · 长沙一中校考阶段考试） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。
One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves repurposing a material into a new product of lesser quality. It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.
Downeycling 21 (know) as downstream recycling. It is most common in terms of 22 (industry) materials. These products lose their value as they are recycled, 23 limits their capacity for new use. Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper 24 their original one. White writing paper,
for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again.
25 (give) products a new life is considered a good way to reuse materials and avoid waste. Once downcycled to their full capacity however, these materials are eventually so degraded that they cannot be reused further. Since downcycled products are considered of lower quality than their original form, they cannot be used in remaking their original product.
Products are provided with codes 26 (determine) their grades and whether or not they may be recycled. Plastic, glass, and aluminium products 27 (code) with the number one may be remade into something 28 equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components.
Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, 29 other treatments in order to transform them into something usable. Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment. Trash bins, tables, and chairs are also considered materials with 30 high energy cost to
recycle.
（2023 秋 ·湖南衡阳 ·衡阳市八中校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。
The growing popularity of precooked food in China - also known as the ready-meals industry - has made 31 a capital darling. In the world’s second-largest economy, the market for pre-prepared dishes has been mainly driven by caterers. But a shift from restaurants to family dining tables in the past two years, 32 (bring) pre-made food to the mass consumer market rapidly,
“Pre-prepared dishes meet the 33 (prefer) of anew generation of consumers for healthier and more distinctive meals.” According to a report, China’s pre-prepared dishes market generated about 550billion yuan in 2021, with an 34 (expect) compound annual growth rate of 13 per cent over the next 5years.
As a new capital darling the pre-cooking industry is attracting cross-sector investment from companies outside the food industry. In mid-July, 35 founder of a financial technology company called Qudian,LuoMin, ranked
atop the e-commerce sales board by selling pre-made dishes on TikTok China, known as Douyin, 36 (use) his personal account. It generated 252 million yuan worth of sales in a single session, more than 37 it was last
year.
However, the quality of pre-made dishes in the market remains 38 (even),with problem related to the lack of detailed labeling on such products, as well as difficulties in logistics and distribution.
39 advance notice, the use of pre-prepared dishes by restaurants 40 (replace) those prepared on-site by a chef was harmful to consumers’ rights to information and choice. With the rapid development of the pre-cooking market, relevant regulations are needed to promote industry standardization
（2023 秋 ·湖北宜昌 · 宜都市一中校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。
China has made solid progress in pushing forward rural vitalization (乡村振兴) as 41 (expect) over the last five years.
In 2018, China released a five-year plan 42 its rural vitalization strategy, 43 (map) out a number of major projects, programs and actions. All 59 of the plan’s key tasks, including increasing agricultural production capacity and improving the safety of drinking water in rural areas, have been carried out 44 (steady) and
have achieved good results.
In 2021, agricultural technology progress 45 (contribute) to 61 percent of the sector’s development, 46 is 3.5 percent higher than that of 2017. As to the green development of agriculture, the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has experienced negative 47 (grow) over the years, while the usage of organic
fertilizers has significantly increased. The 48 (construct) of rural infrastructure (基础设施), such as water, electricity, road and telecommunication facilities, has been improved. Tap water is now 49 (access) in 84 percent of rural households. 50 average income of rural residents increased by 28.9 percent in real terms from 2017 to 2021.
（2023 秋 ·湖南 ·湖南省祁东县第一中学校联考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括 号内单词的正确形式。
Inspiring victories for 2,500 years, Sunzi Bingfa or The Art of War 51 (write) by Chinese legendary military strategist Sun Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). It is one of the three 52 (influential) military books in history.
Sun Wu, also known as Sunzi or Sun Tzu, little is known about his family and educational background, except that he was born in the State of Qi, 53 area in today’s Shandong Province and his family 54 (live) there for several generations.
Later, Sun moved to the State of Wu to serve King Helu there. The king read the military treatise 55 (present) to him by Sun and was much impressed by the strategist’s brilliant insight into warfare. Immediately, Sun served 56 King Helu’s chief military advisor.
In the years that followed, 57 (use) his theories and philosophy of warfare, Sun helped Wu win a series of major battles against some of the strongest powers.
The Art of War is divided into 13 chapters, in 58 Sun stresses the importance of positioning in military strategy and 59 (flexible) in responding to ever-changing situations on the battlefield. He also explains how 60 (understand) the economy of war and limit the cost of conflict.
（2023 秋 ·湖南 · 高三长郡中学校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。
The Analects of Confucius is 61 fine example of world literature, and the publication of the Maltese version of the ancient Chinese book will further enhance cultural 62 (exchange) between China and Malta, says Maltese Sinologist and translator of the book Salvatore Giuffre. It is the first time that the book 63 (translate) into Maltese.
Giuffre spent around two years 64 (make) the book accessible 65 Maltese readers. The Maltese version is complete with an introduction to the life of Confucius, the era he 66 (live) in, his teachings and the key concepts, terms, names and figures mentioned in the book.
The idea of translating the book came about 67 China’s Shandong Friendship Publishing House
invited Malta’s SKS Publishers to attend a seminar ( 研讨会) on Confucius in 2017 in Shandong province. The event featured 68 (vary) publications of the book in different languages, and SKS Publishers wanted to 69 (rich) the collection with a Maltese version.
SKS asked Giuffre to translate the book. Giuffre is fluent in Chinese, has visited China several times and worked as the Maltese director of Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. The publication was partially financed by the Malta Book Fund, an initiative 70 (launch) by the National Book Council and the China Cultural Centre in Malta.
（2023 秋 ·湖南 · 校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Possibly the most helpful and joy-bringing app I’ve added to my phone lately is Merlin, a free bird identification program 71 (create) by the Cornell University Lab of Ornithology.
There are many features the app offers, and my favorite is the birdsong listening feature, 72 you can turn on your phone’s microphone and hear recorded diverse birdsongs.
Hearing birdsong is a 73 (remind) that we’re not alone in the great outdoors — or in life. Taking a walk outdoors, I never cease to be 74 (pleasant) surprised to encounter far more birds than I thought. I also enjoy hearing different calls show up as 75 same species, evidence that the birds are communicating with each other.
The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure that I feel when I’m hearing birdsong 76 (support) by
research. One study looked at 26,000 individuals in 26 European countries and found remarkably 77 (high) life-satisfaction among those who lived near diverse bird habitats. A fascinating finding was that 78 (see) 10 percent more bird species generated similar satisfaction to comparable increase in income.
So, when you take a walk outdoors or go for a hike, 79 (listen) for the birds that share your space. Perhaps you can be inspired by this Chinese proverb(谚语): “Keep a green tree in your heart, 80 perhaps a singing bird will come.”
（2023 秋 ·湖南常德 · 临澧县第一中学校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内 单词的正确形式。
Pan, a silversmith ( 银 匠) in Maliao village in Guizhou Province, used to dream of people living 81 abundant life in his village, 82 nobody has to work far away from home and customers go for beautiful silver jewellery. Now his dream has come true.
Maliao village is famous for its silver jewellery. In fact, Miao silver jewellery 83 (list) as National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006. But with cheaper, machine-produced trinkets (小首饰) 84 (rule) the market, they couldn’t rely on the old technique 85 (survive).
At that time, most people in the village lived with poverty, which means they could simply afford food and basic clothing, but seldom purchase things like bicycles or televisions. So many villagers left their hometown 86 (hope). But in 2019, the government allocated 580,000 yuan of poverty funds to set up the silverware workshop of Maliao village, helping Maliao villagers fight poverty with their own craft.
Since that year, most young craftsmen 87 (return) to their hometown and found a bright future. 88 the help of the government’s workshop, they learned the 89 (late) fashion trends and how to meet clients’ various 90 (request). Instead of holding on to old ideas and existing design, villagers enhanced their skills and made their products customized.
（2023 秋 ·湖南 · 校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The “Spring Fair”, featuring diverse Chinese cultural activities, 91 (hold) on Sunday at the Garden of Serenity, a traditional Chinese garden in Santa Lucija, Malta.
The fair, jointly 92 (organize) by the China Cultural Centre in Malta and the Santa Lucija local
council, offered participants the opportunity to indulge in Chinese tea and cuisine, experience the art of calligraphy, 93 even try on Han Chinese clothing.
The event’s highlight was the performances by members from the Malta School of Wushu-Longgui, who
showcased 94 (amaze) dragon dances and martial arts, attracting many audiences. Tai Chi performance, traditional Chinese folk music, and popular songs also gained loud cheers and applause.
At the opening ceremony, Charmaine St John, mayor of Santa Lucija, said that the Garden of Serenity is “ 95 symbol of friendship between Malta and China.” She noted that cultural integration has always been a proposition ( 主张) of the Maltese government, and 96 cooperation between the two sides should be based on 97 (equal) and mutual benefit in order to be sustainable.
One of the 98 (participant), 12-year-old Nathan Zammit, wrote his name in Chinese characters 99 a brush at the booth of the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. He was excited 100 (experience) calligraphy and showed admiration for Chinese culture, despite not having visited China.
（2023 秋 ·湖南 ·湖南师大附中校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。
A long time ago, there was a mountain 101 (name) “Chengdu Zaitian” in the vast wilderness. This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, 102 members were all tall and mighty like giants.
Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea 103 he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! The next day, the moment the sun came out, he took a big step and ran towards the sun 104 full speed. The sun, however, was not still, and it 105 (steady) rose from the horizon, reached the highest point and then set to the west. Kua Fu could not stop for 106 instant, and he ran like wind all the way, 107 (struggle) to catch up. Most of the day passed, and Kua Fu was finally about to overtake the sun in Yugu, where the sun 108 (suppose)to fall! But as he got closer, he felt exhausted and extremely thirsty when a huge heat wave hit him all over. Then Kua Fu drank up all the water of the Yellow River and the Weihe River. But that was still far from enough. Kua Fu threw his cane out with his last bit of 109 (strong), which turned into a peach forest with rich fruits, serving as a resting place for people to enjoy the coolness and take peaches as food 110 they continued their journey.
（2023 秋 ·湖南邵阳 ·湖南省邵东市第三中学校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或 括号内单词的正确形式。
As Shaoxing is a water town, the unique transport named Wupeng boat 111 (emerge) in this particular location in the Tang Dynasty. Wupeng boat, a Chinese gondola, also 112 (know) as black awning (雨篷) boat, got its name from 113 dark colour of its awning. There are straw mats for people to sit and lie on board. As the space is rather small, the boat may lose balance or even turn over if passengers stand on it. Each boat can hold about four persons. It is run by human power, 114 is another typical fact about this boat.
Wupeng boat has now become the symbol of Shaoxing. The famous Chinese writer Lu Xun mentioned this boat in many of his 115 (publication) because floating in a Wupeng boat is not only part of his childhood but also people’s life in Shaoxing. The breeze and 116 (cool) of water in summer would bring you a pleasant outdoor experience. Thus, the best time to ride Wupeng boats in Shaoxing is from March to September. But other months would be a good option for experiencing it 117 fewer travelers around.
Wupeng boats in different spots around the city have various routes.You can 118 (careful) choose and appreciate the historical 119 cultural old town on the small boat. Once you get to Shaoxing, find one of the few Wupeng boat ports, and ask what route they follow 120 (make) sure you see the attractions from your wish list.
（2023 秋 ·湖南常德 · 常德市一中校考阶段练习） 阅读下列短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。
Living Heritage: Woodblock Printing
Delicate touches, carved onto wood, with ultimate precision. This is woodblock printing, 121 ancient printing technique that enhances human civilization.
As Buddhism was popular in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), there was a strong need 122 (produce) a large amount of Buddhist works, and copying by hand could not meet the 123 (rise) demand. Ancient Chinese craftsmen thus came up 124 a novel way to mass produce printed works. Hence came the prototype (雏形) of woodblock printing.
Traditional woodblock printing can be divided into four major steps: writing, engraving, printing, and binding. With each step then sub-divided into several procedures, it takes 125 (rough) 30 steps to produce a
woodblock print.
Carving lies at the center of woodblock printing as this step can make 126 break the final print.
Characters and images 127 ( carve) to produce 128 (raise) areas or lines that will eventually apply ink to paper. It calls for a pair of skilled hands. A five-meter-scroll of the Buddhist scripture Diamond Sutra, printed in 868, is the “earliest dated printed book” in the words of the British
Library where it is stored. It is not only one example of ancient works of art 129 tell the wisdom of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries.
The invention of writing gave life to great 130 (thought), but it is the invention of printing that made knowledge a shareable fruit for all humankind.
（2023 秋 ·湖北 · 校际联考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new chain of coffee shops has sprung up in the city of Wuxi, East China’s Jiangsu province, themed on the ancient Huishan clay figurine ( 泥人) culture—with a few modern adaptations. The Nanimomo Cafe chain has expanded 131 (rapid) since May last year and now has 11 132 (branch) in operation. The coffee shops display 133 range of figurines and related creative cultural products. In addition 134 drinking coffee, visitors can choose whether 135 (have) a go at making clay sculptures on site.
Huishan clay figurines are made from the black clay found at the foot of Huishan Mountain in Wuxi. They are said to have a 136 (record) history of more than 400 years. And they 137 (list) among the first batch (批) of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006. In Wuxi dialect, Huishan clay figurines are pronounced nanimomo. The two most famous 138 (tradition) figurines are A Fu and A Xi, meaning “good fortune” and “joy”, and the factory has designed and produced several new figurines, such as Nani and Momo, 139 are more modern and attractive to young consumers. There are also several cute and
colorful characters, 140 (carry) different types of food for which Wuxi is famous: spare ribs ( 排骨), peaches and steamed buns.
（2023 秋 ·湖北 ·湖北省罗田县第一中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括
号内单词的正确形式。
In Xixian county, located in Linfen, Shanxi province, a smart pear orchard (果园) 141 (stretch) 33.3 hectares (公顷) has been developed with the 142 (assist) of the Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
In this orchard, every pear is given 143 unique QR code that enables monitoring of the entire growth process. “The QR code serves 144 an ID card, recording the life of a pear,” said Wang Yibo, an agriculture official from the county.
145 (establish) in 2020, the smart orchard is operated with the help of cutting-edge technologies such as the internet, big data, cloud computing and the internet of things. There are 64 villages in the county 146 rely on pears as their primary industry, 147 (account) for 80 percent of the farmers’ income.
So far, Xixian 148 (build) a smart agriculture integration platform made up of 12 systems, including water-fertilizer 149 (integrate) management, disease and insect monitoring, and the monitoring and
evaluation of the quality of the land.
According to Wang, the platform not only helps with production but also promotes sales, as its tracking system can collect first-hand marketing feedback data. Pear farmers can learn about the market demand through the system to 150 (accurate) identify their customers and carry out targeted promotions.
（2023 秋 ·湖南益阳 ·桃江县第一中学校联考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Scientists report they have discovered water during a Chinese moon task. The water is in 151 (extreme) small glass beads (珠) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (陨石) have hit the moon. The dirt 152 (collect) in 2020.
Hejiu Hui of Nanjing University took part in the study, 153 was published recently in Nature
Geoscience. Hui said the beads differ in size from the 154 (wide) of one hair to several hairs. The amount of water inside was very small.
Since billions 155 these beads exist on the moon, there could be large amounts of water. But mining it would be difficult, one of the 156 (researcher) said.
The findings are based on 32 glass beads 157 (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon task.
This shows “water can be got on the moon’s surface… a new reservoir on the moon,” Hui said.
The study’s findings raise the chance 158 water could be collected by 159 (heat) the beads in future robotic tasks.
Still, more studies would be needed to show whether 160 is possible to get such water and whether the water would be safe to drink.
In earlier studies, water was found in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon. Those studies used materials collected on the moon more than fifty years ago.2024 年高考英语语法填空
（2023 秋 ·湖北 · 高三校际联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s forest area 1 (increase) by 22 million hectares over the past decade, according to a report 2
(publish) by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Sunday. The growth has significantly improved the country’s ecological environment while 3 (contribute) a quarter of the world’s new forests during the period. The country’s forest coverage rate now stands higher jumping from 8.6 percent in 1949 to 24.02 percent
now.
Key projects have been promoted in the country’s move toward large-scale land afforestation 4 Three-North Shelterbelt Forest is one of them. Three-North Shelterbelt Forest, 5 was launched in 1978, develops extensive shelterbelts in the northern part of China 6 (decrease) the effect of sandstorms and soil erosion. It 7 (cover) a combined area of 4.07 million square kilometers, accounting 8 42.4 percent of the country’s land area. It’s also home to the world’s 9 (large) artificial plantation. From a wasteland to a sea of forests, the miraculous 10 (transform) reflects the country’s efforts for improving the environment.
1 ．has increased 2 ．published 3 ．contributing 4 ．and 5 ．which 6 ．to decrease
7 ．covers 8 ．for 9 ．largest 10 ．transformation
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据中国国家林草局周日发布的一份报告，过去十年中国的森林面积增加了 2200 万公顷，这在很大程度上改善了中国的生态环境。
1 ．考查动词时态。句意：根据国家林业和草原局周日发布的一份报告，在过去十年中，中国的森林面积增 加了 2200 万公顷。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，这里讲述的是在过去的时间段内，到现在为止，中 国的森林面积已经增加了的动作，且 over the past decade 是现在完成时的时间标志词，所以使用现在完成 时，主语 area 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填 has increased。
2 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中 has increased 为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词作定 语，此处 report 与 publish 之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填 published。
3 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一增长显著改善了国家的生态环境，同时在这一时期为全球新林面积贡献了 四分之一。分析句子，此处构成状语从句的省略结构即 while doing，主语 growth 与 contribute 是主动关系， 使用现在分词表示主动。故填 contributing。
4 ．考查并列连词。句意：在中国推进大规模土地造林的过程中，已经推动了一些关键项目，其中三北防护 林就是其中之一。分析句子，设空处使用连词，连接前后两个句子，此处表示并列关系，用 and。故填 and。
5 ．考查定语从句。句意：1978 年启动的三北防护林工程，在中国北方发展了广泛的防护林，以减少沙尘暴 和水土流失的影响。分析句子，设空处引导非限制性定语从句， 引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词 Three-North Shelterbelt Forest，为物。故填 which。
6 ．考查动词不定式。句意：同上。分析句子，句中 develops 为动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示目 的作状语，故使用动词不定式结构。故填 to decrease。
7 ．考查动词。句意：它的总面积为 407 万平方公里， 占全国土地面积的 42.4%。分析句子，设空处使用动 词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，主语 it 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填
covers 。
8 ．考查介词。句意：同上。句中 account for 为固定短语，意为“（在数量上） 占……”。故填 for。
9 ．考查形容词。句意：它也是世界上最大的人工种植园。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据句意， 此处表示“世界上最大的人工种植园”，结合前文的the world's 可知，使用large 的最高级largest。故填 largest。 10 ．考查名词。句意：从荒地到森林的海洋，这神奇的变化反映了国家为改善环境所做的努力。miraculous 为形容词，修饰后面的名词，故使用 transform 的名词 transformation，意为“转变，变化”作主语。故填 transformation。
（2023·湖南 · 校联考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yue Opera, one of the five major Chinese operas and 11 second largest type nationally, is known as “Chinese drama” abroad. It 12 (originate) in Shengzhou City in Zhejiang Province, 13 was part of the Yue State in the Spring and Autumn Period, so it was named Yue Opera. It has at least thirteen schools and prevails （盛 行 ） in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi and Anhui areas, as well as cities 14 northern China such as Beijing and Tianjin.
Yue Opera was born in 1906 as the “little song class”. In 1938, it formally adopted the name of Yue Opera. 15 (absorb) the elements of Shaoxing Opera, Yue Opera enriched them and created 16 (it) own type of music. It is good at expressing emotions through singing. Maintaining its soft tunes, sweet 17 (melody), refined style, Yue Opera adopted artistic achievements from the modern drama, Kunqu Opera and Western music, 18 created a new performance.
Up to now, many years of development 19 (make) Yue Opera a most important opera style next to Beijing Opera in China, taking its theme from fairy tales, literary classics and 20 (history) stories. Popular plays include Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, Dream of the Red Chamber and Mrs. Xianglin.
11 ．the 12 ．originated 13 ．which 14 ．in 15 ．Absorbing 16 ．its 17 ．melodies
18 ．and 19 ．has made 20 ．historical
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国第二大剧种——越剧。
11 ．考查冠词。句意：越剧，中国五大戏剧之一，全国第二大剧种。根据 second largest 可知，形容词最高 级前加序数词表“第几” ，该结构前要加定冠词 the。故填 the。
12．考查动词时态。句意：它起源于浙江省嵊州市，在春秋时期是越国的一部分，因此被称为越剧。根据 was 可知，空处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去式，谓语动词用过去式。故填 originated。
13 ．考查定语从句。句意：它起源于浙江省嵊州市，在春秋时期是越国的一部分，因此被称为越剧。空处 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Zhejiang Province，指代事物，用关系代词 which 引导从句，在从句中 作主语。故填 which。
14 ．考查介词。句意：它至少有十三所学校，在上海，浙江，江苏，福建，江西和安徽地区以及北京和天 津等中国北方城市盛行。根据 northern China such as Beijing and Tianjin 可知，此处应用表示在较大的地 方的介词 in。故填 in。
15 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：越剧吸收了绍剧的元素，丰富了这些元素，并创造了它自己的音乐类型。句 子谓语是 enriched，空处为非谓语动词，动词 absorb 和主语 Yue Opera 之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词 作状语。故填 Absorbing。
16 ．考查物主代词。句意：越剧吸收了绍剧的元素，丰富了这些元素，并创造了它自己的音乐类型。限定 名词 type 应用形容词性物主代词。故填 its。
17 ．考查名词复数。句意：越剧保持其柔和的曲调，甜美的旋律，精致的风格，吸收了现代戏剧，昆曲和 西方音乐的艺术成果，并且创造了一种新的表演方式。melody 是可数名词，并且其前没有表示单数的冠词 修饰，再根据句意应用其复数形式。故填 melodies。
18 ．考查并列连词。句意：越剧保持其柔和的曲调，甜美的旋律，精致的风格，吸收了现代戏剧，昆曲和
西方音乐的艺术成果，并且创造了一种新的表演方式。分析句子并结合句意可知，空处应用并列连词，连 接 adopted 与 created 两个谓语动词。故填 and。
19 ．考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，越剧经过多年的发展，已经成为中国仅次于京剧的一种重要的 戏曲风格，其题材来源于童话、文学经典和历史故事。根据时间状语 Up to now 可知，空处应用现在完成 时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。故填 has made。
20 ．考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，越剧经过多年的发展，已经成为中国仅次于京剧的一种重要的戏曲 风格，其题材来源于童话、文学经典和历史故事。修饰名词 stories 应用形容词。historical 表示“与历史相 关的” ，因为 historic 表示“有重大历史意义的” ，此处修饰 stories，应用 historical。故填 historical。
（2023 秋 ·湖南长沙 · 长沙一中校考阶段考试） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。
One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves repurposing a material into a new product of lesser quality. It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.
Downeycling 21 (know) as downstream recycling. It is most common in terms of 22
(industry) materials. These products lose their value as they are recycled, 23 limits their capacity for new use. Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper 24 their original one. White writing paper, for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again.
25 (give) products a new life is considered a good way to reuse materials and avoid waste. Once downcycled to their full capacity however, these materials are eventually so degraded that they cannot be reused further. Since downcycled products are considered of lower quality than their original form, they cannot be used in remaking their original product.
Products are provided with codes 26 (determine) their grades and whether or not they may be recycled. Plastic, glass, and aluminium products 27 (code) with the number one may be remade into something 28 equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components.
Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, 29 other treatments in order to transform them into something usable. Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment. Trash bins, tables, and chairs are also considered materials with 30 high energy cost to
recycle.
21 ．is known 22 ．industrial 23 ．which 24 ．than 25 ．Giving 26 ．to determine
27 ．coded 28 ．of/with 29 ．and 30 ．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一种回收。这种回收被称为“ 降级回收” ，涉及将一种材料重新利用 成质量较低的新产品。它可以包括不同等级的塑料、纸制品和其他材料。
21 ．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：下循环被称为下游回收。固定搭配：be known as“作为……而闻 名” ，该句在描述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态，且 Downeycling 是句子主语，谓语动 词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为 is known。
22 ．考查形容词作定语。句意：它在工业材料方面最常见。句中 materials 是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词 industry 是名词，其形容词是 industrial，且在句中作定语。故答案为 industrial。
23 ．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这些产品在回收时失去了价值，这限制了它们的新用途。此处是前面 整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词which 引导。故答案为which。 24 ．考查介词。句意：它们的回收形式通常比原来的更弱，也更便宜。根据空前的 weaker and cheaper 可 知，该句是比较级，设空处应该用介词 than。故答案为 than。
25 ．考查动名词作主语。句意：赋予产品新的生命被认为是重复利用材料和避免浪费的好方法。此处是动
名词作主语，位于句首，第一个字母用大写。故居答案为 Giving。
26 ．考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：产品都标有代码，以确定其等级和是否可以回收利用。此处是动 词不定式作目的状语。故答案为 to determine。
27 ．考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：编号为“1”的塑料、玻璃和铝制品可以重新加工成价值相等或更高的 产品。句子主语 Plastic, glass, and aluminium products 和谓语动词 code 之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后 置定语。故答案为 coded。
28 ．考查介词。句意：编号为“1”的塑料、玻璃和铝制品可以重新加工成价值相等或更高的产品。此处指“具 有或…… 的” ，所以用介词 with 或 of。故答案为 with 或 of。
29 ．考查并列连词。句意：可用于降级循环的物品通常需要额外的化学品，能源和其他处理才能将其转化 为可用的东西。此处 chemicals, energy 和 other treatments 之间是并列关系，用并列连词 and。故答案为 and。
30 ．考查不定冠词。句意：垃圾桶、桌子和椅子也被认为是回收能源成本高的材料。此处指“一个高成本的 回收” ，且 high 是以辅音音素来头的词，所以用不定冠词 a。故答案为 a。
（2023 秋 ·湖南衡阳 ·衡阳市八中校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。
The growing popularity of precooked food in China - also known as the ready-meals industry - has made 31 a capital darling. In the world’s second-largest economy, the market for pre-prepared dishes has been mainly driven by caterers. But a shift from restaurants to family dining tables in the past two years, 32 (bring) pre-made food to the mass consumer market rapidly,
“Pre-prepared dishes meet the 33 (prefer) of anew generation of consumers for healthier and more distinctive meals.” According to a report, China’s pre-prepared dishes market generated about 550billion yuan in 2021, with an 34 (expect) compound annual growth rate of 13 per cent over the next 5years.
As a new capital darling the pre-cooking industry is attracting cross-sector investment from companies outside the food industry. In mid-July, 35 founder of a financial technology company called Qudian,LuoMin, ranked
atop the e-commerce sales board by selling pre-made dishes on TikTok China, known as Douyin, 36 (use) his personal account. It generated 252 million yuan worth of sales in a single session, more than 37 it was last
year.
However, the quality of pre-made dishes in the market remains 38 (even),with problem related to the lack of detailed labeling on such products, as well as difficulties in logistics and distribution.
39 advance notice, the use of pre-prepared dishes by restaurants 40 (replace) those prepared on-site by a chef was harmful to consumers’ rights to information and choice. With the rapid development of the pre-cooking market, relevant regulations are needed to promote industry standardization
31 ．it 32 ．has brought 33 ．preferences 34 ．expected 35 ．the 36 ．using 37 ．what
38 ．uneven 39 ．Without 40 ．to replace
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。预制菜已经成为如今的热门话题之一，文章对预制菜的现状进行了介绍了分析， 而预制菜市场的快速发展，也需要相关法规的跟进。
31 ．考查代词。句意：在中国，预制食品——又称即食食品行业——越来越受欢迎，已经成为资本的宠儿。 分析句子可知，该句的主语是 The growing popularity 即预制菜逐渐增加的受欢迎度，谓语动词为使役动词 has made，空处需要宾语，而 a capital darling 则是宾语补足语，结合句意推知，这里要表达预制菜逐渐受 到欢迎这一事实使得预制菜成为了资本的宠儿，应用代词 it 指代已经提到的 pre-cooked food。故填 it。
32 ．考查时态。句意：但在过去两年中，从餐厅到家庭餐桌的转变，迅速将预制菜推向了大众消费市场。 分析句子可知，句中使用了时间状语 in the past two years，表明动作发生于过去并持续到现在，符合现在 完成时 have/has+过去分词，且主语 a shift 为第三人称单数。故填 has brought。
33 ．考查名词。句意：预制菜满足了新一代消费者对更健康、更有特色餐饮的偏好。空处作谓语动词 meet 的宾语，需要名词，此处指“满足了偏好” ，of 后接的内容为偏好的具体内容，显然不是单一内容，要用复 数形式。故填 preferences。
34 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：报道称，2021 年中国预制菜市场的收入约为 5500 亿元人民币，预计未来五年 的复合增长率为 13%。分析句子可知，空处在冠词 an 之后、growth rate 之前作定语，expect 与 growth rate 之间是动宾关系（即人们预期增长率，增长率被预期），应用过去分词形式表示“预期的，预料的”。故填
expected。
35 ．考查冠词。句意：7 月中旬，一家名为趣店的金融科技公司的创始人罗敏，在抖音（中国版 TikTok） 上使用个人账号销售预制菜，位居电商销售榜榜首。此处要特指公司的创始人，符合名词所有格短语 the…of…。故填 the。
36 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：7 月中旬，一家名为趣店的金融科技公司的创始人罗敏，在抖音（中国版 TikTok）上使用个人账号销售预制菜，位居电商销售榜榜首。分析句子结构可知，use 所在句子在这里作 状语，use 与主句主语 LuoMin 之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填 using。
37 ．考查宾语从句。句意：仅仅一场直播就创造了 2.52 亿元人民币的销售额，超过了去年的销售额。空处 在 more than 后又开启了一个句子，考虑宾语从句，结合句意推知，此处在把单场直播获得的销售额与去 年的销售额做比较，it 即指代 worth of sales，宾语从句要表达“（超过了）去年的销售额”，引导词作表语， 应用连接代词 what。故填 what。
38 ．考查形容词。句意：然而，市场上预制菜的质量仍然参差不齐，这些产品缺少详细的标签信息，物流 和配送也存在问题。由空后句子的内容可知，该段在表达目前预制菜的质量还存在诸多问题，此处应用 uneven 作表语表示“质量不稳定的，不均匀的”。故填 uneven。
39 ．考查介词。句意：未经事先通知，餐厅使用预制菜代替厨师现做的菜，损害了消费者的知情权和选择 权。由句意表达的“预制菜的使用损害了消费者权益”推知，此处的前提是没有事先让消费者知晓，则应用 介词 without 表示“没有，不（伴随）”。故填 Without。
40 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：未经事先通知，餐厅使用预制菜代替厨师现做的菜，损害了消费者的知情权 和选择权。分析句子可知，replace 在这里作目的状语，应用不定式。故填 to replace。
（2023 秋 ·湖北宜昌 · 宜都市一中校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。
China has made solid progress in pushing forward rural vitalization (乡村振兴) as 41 (expect) over the last five years.
In 2018, China released a five-year plan 42 its rural vitalization strategy, 43 (map) out a number of major projects, programs and actions. All 59 of the plan’s key tasks, including increasing agricultural production capacity and improving the safety of drinking water in rural areas, have been carried out 44 (steady) and have achieved good results.
In 2021, agricultural technology progress 45 (contribute) to 61 percent of the sector’s development, 46 is 3.5 percent higher than that of 2017. As to the green development of agriculture, the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has experienced negative 47 (grow) over the years, while the usage of organic
fertilizers has significantly increased. The 48 (construct) of rural infrastructure (基础设施), such as water, electricity, road and telecommunication facilities, has been improved. Tap water is now 49 (access) in 84 percent of rural households. 50 average income of rural residents increased by 28.9 percent in real terms from 2017 to 2021.
41．expected 42．for 43．mapping 44．steadily 45．contributed 46．which 47．growth
48 ．construction 49 ．accessible 50 ．The
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。五年来，中国乡村振兴取得了稳步进展。
41．考查省略句。句意：五年来，中国乡村振兴取得了预期的扎实进展。本句为状语从句的省略，原句为 as it is expected。省略了 it is。故填 expected。
42 ．考查介词。句意：2018 年，中国发布乡村振兴战略五年规划，部署了一批重大工程、重大规划和重大 行动。plan for“对于…… 的计划”。故填 for。
43 ．考查非谓语。句意：2018 年，中国发布乡村振兴战略五年规划，部署了一批重大工程、重大规划和重 大行动 。分析句子可知 ， 空处填非谓语动词作状语 ，a five-year plan 2 its rural vitalization strategy，与 map out 为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填 mapping。
44 ．考查副词。句意：提高农业生产能力、改善农村饮水安全等 59 项重点任务稳步推进，取得良好成效。 修饰动词短语 carried out 用副词。故填 steadily。
45 ．考查时态。句意：2021 年，农业技术进步对农业发展的贡献率为 61%，比 2017 年提高 3.5 个百分点。 根据“In 2021”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填 contributed。
46 ．考查定语从句。句意：2021 年，农业技术进步对农业发展的贡献率为 61%，比 2017 年提高 3.5 个百分 点。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 61 percent 并在从句中作主语，关系代词为 which。故填 which。
47 ．考查名词。句意：在农业绿色发展方面，化肥和农药的施用多年来一直负增长，而有机肥的使用量则 大幅增加。experience 后接不可数名词 growth 作宾语。 故填 growth。
48 ．考查名词。句意：农村水、电、路、信等基础设施建设得到加强。The 后接名词 construction 作宾语， 表抽象意义，不可数，故填 construction。
49 ．考查形容词。句意：84%的农村家庭用上了自来水。形容词 accessible 作表语。故填 accessible。
50 ．考查冠词。句意：2017 年至 2021 年，农村居民平均收入实际增长 28.9%。特指农村居民平均收入，冠 词用定冠词。置于句首，首字母大写。故填 The。
（2023 秋 ·湖南 ·湖南省祁东县第一中学校联考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括 号内单词的正确形式。
Inspiring victories for 2,500 years, Sunzi Bingfa or The Art of War 51 (write) by Chinese legendary military strategist Sun Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). It is one of the three 52 (influential) military books in history.
Sun Wu, also known as Sunzi or Sun Tzu, little is known about his family and educational background, except that he was born in the State of Qi, 53 area in today’s Shandong Province and his family 54 (live) there for several generations.
Later, Sun moved to the State of Wu to serve King Helu there. The king read the military treatise 55 (present) to him by Sun and was much impressed by the strategist’s brilliant insight into warfare. Immediately, Sun served 56 King Helu’s chief military advisor.
In the years that followed, 57 (use) his theories and philosophy of warfare, Sun helped Wu win a series of major battles against some of the strongest powers.
The Art of War is divided into 13 chapters, in 58 Sun stresses the importance of positioning in military strategy and 59 (flexible) in responding to ever-changing situations on the battlefield. He also explains how 60 (understand) the economy of war and limit the cost of conflict.
51 ．was written 52 ．most influential 53 ．an 54 ．had lived 55 ．presented 56 ．as
57 ．using 58 ．which 59 ．flexibility 60 ．to understand
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国春秋时期的军事家孙武及其著作《孙子兵法》。
51 ．考查动词时态语态。句意：《孙子兵法》是中国传奇军事家孙武在春秋时期(公元前 770-476 年)撰写的， 鼓舞了 2500 年的胜利。根据时间状语 during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC)可知，此处使用 一般过去时，Sunzi Bingfa or The Art of War 和 write 为被动关系，需用被动语态；主语为专有名词，谓语
动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填 was written。
52 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：它是历史上最具影响力的三大军事书籍之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+ 复数名词”为固定结构，空处需填形容词最高级，作定语。故填 most influential。
53 ．考查冠词。句意：孙武，又称孙子或孙武子，他的家庭和教育背景鲜为人知，只知道他出生在齐国， 位于今天的山东省，他的家族在那里生活了几代人。area 是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且 area 发音以元音 音素开头，需用不定冠词 an 修饰。故填 an。
54 ．考查动词时态。句意同上。空处作谓语，live 发生在was born 之前，表示“过去的过去” ，需用过去完 成时。故填 had lived。
55 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：秦王读了孙的军书，被这位军事家对战争的深刻见解所折服。分析句子结构 可知，已有谓语动词 read，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 the military treatise，二者为逻辑 动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填 presented。
56 ．考查介词。句意：在接下来的几年里，孙运用他的理论和战争哲学，帮助吴国赢得了一系列与一些最 强大的国家的重大战役。serve as 为固定搭配，表示“用作，充当”。故填 as。
57 ．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词 helped，空处需填非谓语动词作状语， Sun 和 use 之间为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，作状语。故填 using。
58 ．考查定语从句。句意：《孙子兵法》共分 13 章，在这些章节中，孙强调了军事战略中的定位和灵活应 对战场上不断变化的情况的重要性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 13 chapters 指物，在定语从句中 作介词 in 的宾语，需用 which 引导。故填 which。
59 ．考查名词。句意同上。空处和 strategy 并列，需填名词作宾语，flexible 的名词形式是 flexibility。故填 flexibility。
60 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：他还解释了如何理解战争的经济和限制冲突的成本。“疑问词+动词不定式”结 构作 explain 的宾语，空处需填动词不定式 to understand。故填 to understand。
（2023 秋 ·湖南 · 高三长郡中学校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。
The Analects of Confucius is 61 fine example of world literature, and the publication of the Maltese version of the ancient Chinese book will further enhance cultural 62 (exchange) between China and Malta, says Maltese Sinologist and translator of the book Salvatore Giuffre. It is the first time that the book 63 (translate) into Maltese.
Giuffre spent around two years 64 (make) the book accessible 65 Maltese readers. The Maltese version is complete with an introduction to the life of Confucius, the era he 66 (live) in, his teachings and the key concepts, terms, names and figures mentioned in the book.
The idea of translating the book came about 67 China’s Shandong Friendship Publishing House
invited Malta’s SKS Publishers to attend a seminar ( 研讨会) on Confucius in 2017 in Shandong province. The event featured 68 (vary) publications of the book in different languages, and SKS Publishers wanted to 69 (rich) the collection with a Maltese version.
SKS asked Giuffre to translate the book. Giuffre is fluent in Chinese, has visited China several times and worked as the Maltese director of Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. The publication was partially financed by the Malta Book Fund, an initiative 70 (launch) by the National Book Council and the China Cultural Centre in Malta.
61．a 62．exchanges 63．has been translated 64．making 65．to 66．lived 67．when
68 ．various 69 ．enrich 70 ．launched
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了汉学家 Giuffre 将《论语》翻译为马耳他语，加强了中国和马耳他 之间的文化交流。
61 ．考查冠词。句意：《论语》的马耳他汉学家、译者塞尔瓦托 · 朱弗雷表示，《论语》是世界文学的典范， 《论语》的马耳他文版的出版将进一步促进中马两国的文化交流。可数名词 example 在句中表示“一个典型/ 范例” ，泛指，fine 发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a 修饰。故填 a。
62 ．考查名词。句意：《论语》的马耳他汉学家、译者塞尔瓦托 · 朱弗雷表示，《论语》是世界文学的典范， 《论语》的马耳他文版的出版将进一步促进中马两国的文化交流。提示词作宾语，用名词 exchange，结合 常识，文化交流是多元的，用复数名词。故填 exchanges。
63．考查固定句型和时态语态。句意：这是这本书第一次被翻译成马耳他语。It+is/was+the first/second/.../last time+that+sb. has/had done sth.为固定句型，表示“这是某人第几次做某事” ，该句型主句中 be 动词是 is 时， 从句中谓语动词用 has/have done，be 动词是 was 时，从句中谓语动词用 had done，本句中是“It is the first time that...” ，所以从句中应使用现在完成时 has/have done 结构；又因动词 translate 与主语 the book 之间 是被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，助动词用 has。故填 has been translated 。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：Giuffre 花了大约两年的时间让这本书与马耳他读者见面。spend some time (in) doing...是固定搭配，意为“花…… 时间做……” ，用动名词作介词宾语。故填 making。
65 ．考查介词。句意：Giuffre 花了大约两年的时间让这本书与马耳他读者见面。(be) accessible to...是固定 搭配，意为“对…… 易使用的/易得到的”。故填 to。
66 ．考查时态。句意：马耳他语版完整地介绍了孔子的生平、他生活的时代、他的教义以及书中提到的关 键概念、术语、名字和人物。分析句子可知，live(生活)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语 he 之间是主动关系， 结合句意，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填 lived。
67 ．考查时间状语从句。句意：2017 年，中国山东友谊出版社邀请马耳他 SKS 出版社参加在山东省举行的 孔子研讨会， 由此产生了翻译该书的想法。根据句意， “China’s Shandong Friendship Publishing House invited Malta’s SKS Publishers to attend a seminar (研讨会) on Confucius in 2017 in Shandong province.”是 想法产生的时间，用从属连词 when 引导时间状语从句。故填 when。
68 ．考查形容词。句意：该活动以不同语言的各种出版物为特色，SKS 出版社希望以马耳他语版本丰富该 系列。提示词作定语修饰名词 publications，用形容词 various 作定语，意为“各种各样的”。故填 various。 69 ．考查动词。句意：该活动以不同语言的各种出版物为特色，SKS 出版社希望以马耳他语版本丰富该系 列。want 后跟动不定式作宾语，结合不定式符号 to，空格处用动词原形 enrich，意为“ 使丰富”。故填 enrich。
70 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书的出版得到了马耳他图书基金的部分资助，该基金是由马耳他国家图 书委员会和马耳他中国文化中心发起的。分析句子可知，launch(发起)作后置定语修饰名词 initiative，是非 谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 initiative 之间是被动关系，且“initiative”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词， 表示被动和完成。故填 launched。
（2023 秋 ·湖南 · 校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Possibly the most helpful and joy-bringing app I’ve added to my phone lately is Merlin, a free bird identification program 71 (create) by the Cornell University Lab of Ornithology.
There are many features the app offers, and my favorite is the birdsong listening feature, 72 you can turn on your phone’s microphone and hear recorded diverse birdsongs.
Hearing birdsong is a 73 (remind) that we’re not alone in the great outdoors — or in life. Taking a walk outdoors, I never cease to be 74 (pleasant) surprised to encounter far more birds than I thought. I also enjoy hearing different calls show up as 75 same species, evidence that the birds are communicating with each other.
The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure that I feel when I’m hearing birdsong 76 (support) by
research. One study looked at 26,000 individuals in 26 European countries and found remarkably 77 (high) life-satisfaction among those who lived near diverse bird habitats. A fascinating finding was that 78 (see)
10 percent more bird species generated similar satisfaction to comparable increase in income.
So, when you take a walk outdoors or go for a hike, 79 (listen) for the birds that share your space. Perhaps you can be inspired by this Chinese proverb(谚语): “Keep a green tree in your heart, 80 perhaps a singing bird will come.”
71 ．created 72 ．where 73 ．reminder 74 ．pleasantly 75 ．the 76 ．is supported
77 ．higher 78 ．seeing 79 ．listen 80 ．and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款免费的鸟类识别程序，介绍了其功能以及听鸟鸣的好处。
71 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近我给手机安装的最有用、最能带来快乐的应用程序可能是 Merlin，这是 康奈尔大学鸟类学实验室开发的一款免费的鸟类识别程序。分析句子结构可知 create 与逻辑主语 a free bird identification program 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填 created。
72 ．考查定语从句。句意：这款应用提供了许多功能，我最喜欢的是鸟鸣收听功能，你可以打开手机的麦 克风，听到各种鸟鸣的录音。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 the birdsong listening feature，在从句中作地点 状语，故用 where。故填 where。
73 ．考查名词。句意：听到鸟鸣提醒我们，在户外或生活中，我们并不孤单。作表语，结合不定冠词可知 应用单数名词 reminder。故填 reminder。
74 ．考查副词。句意：在户外散步时，我总是惊喜地发现，遇到的鸟比我想象的要多得多。修饰 surprised 应用副词 pleasantly，故填 pleasantly。
75 ．考查冠词。句意：我也喜欢听到不同的叫声出现在同一物种中，这是鸟类相互交流的证据。表示“ 同一” 短语为 the same。故填 the。
76 ．考查时态语态。句意：当我听到鸟鸣时，我所感受到的平静、幸福和快乐的感觉是有研究支持的。主 语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为 The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure，谓语用单数。故填 is supported。
77 ．考查比较级。句意：一项研究调查了 26 个欧洲国家的 2.6 万人，发现住在各种鸟类栖息地附近的人生 活满意度明显更高。此处将住在各种鸟类栖息地附近的人和没有住在各种鸟类栖息地附近的人相比较，high 应用比较级形式。故填 higher。
78 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个有趣的发现是，看到多于 10%的鸟类种类产生的满足感与收入的可比增 长相似。作从句的主语，see 应用动名词形式。故填 seeing。
79 ．考查动词。句意：所以，当你在户外散步或徒步旅行时，听听与你共享空间的鸟类的叫声。此处主句 为肯定祈使句，句首动词用原形。故填 listen。
80 ．考查连词。句意：也许你会受到这句中国谚语的启发：“ 心中有绿树，或有飞鸟鸣。”结合前后文语境 可知为并列关系，应用连词 and。故填 and。
（2023 秋 ·湖南常德 · 临澧县第一中学校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内 单词的正确形式。
Pan, a silversmith ( 银 匠) in Maliao village in Guizhou Province, used to dream of people living 81 abundant life in his village, 82 nobody has to work far away from home and customers go for beautiful silver jewellery. Now his dream has come true.
Maliao village is famous for its silver jewellery. In fact, Miao silver jewellery 83 (list) as National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006. But with cheaper, machine-produced trinkets (小首饰) 84 (rule) the market, they couldn’t rely on the old technique 85 (survive).
At that time, most people in the village lived with poverty, which means they could simply afford food and basic clothing, but seldom purchase things like bicycles or televisions. So many villagers left their hometown 86 (hope). But in 2019, the government allocated 580,000 yuan of poverty funds to set up the silverware workshop of Maliao village, helping Maliao villagers fight poverty with their own craft.
Since that year, most young craftsmen 87 (return) to their hometown and found a bright future. 88 the help of the government’s workshop, they learned the 89 (late) fashion trends and how to meet clients’ various 90 (request). Instead of holding on to old ideas and existing design, villagers enhanced their skills and made their products customized.
81．an 82．where 83．was listed 84．ruling 85．to survive 86．hopelessly 87．have
returned 88 ．With 89 ．latest 90 ．requests
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了贵州苗族马寮村的银匠潘的梦想和村庄的银饰工艺。
81 ．考查冠词。句意：潘是贵州省马寮村的银匠，他曾经梦想着在他的村子里人们过着富足的生活，没有 人需要离家很远的地方工作，顾客们都去买漂亮的银饰。现在他的梦想实现了。live a/an...life 是固定短语， 意为“过着的……生活” ，abundant 发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an 修饰。故填 an。
82 ．考查定语从句。句意：潘是贵州省马寮村的银匠，他曾经梦想着在他的村子里人们过着富足的生活， 没有人需要离家很远的地方工作，顾客们都去买漂亮的银饰。现在他的梦想实现了。空格处引导非限制性 定语从句，修饰先行词 village，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在村子里”，用关系副词 where 引导该从句。故填 where。
83 ．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：苗族银饰早在 2006 年就被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。分析句子可 知，list(把…… 列入名单)是句中谓语动词，与主语 Miao silver jewellery 之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语 in 2006，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语 Miao silver jewellery 是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形 式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填 was listed。
84 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：但随着更便宜的、机器生产的小饰品统治市场，他们不能再依靠旧的技术来 生存。提示词 rule(占首要地位)作 with 复合结构中宾语 cheaper, machine-produced trinkets 的补足语，是 非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 cheaper, machine-produced trinkets 之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故 填 ruling。
85 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：但随着更便宜的、机器生产的小饰品统治市场，他们不能再依靠旧的技术来 生存。rely on sth to do...是固定搭配，意为“依靠某物来做……” ，用不定式作目的状语。故填 to survive 。 86 ．考查副词。句意：许多村民绝望地离开了家乡。提示词修饰动词 left，用副词 hopelessly，意为“无望 地”。故填 hopelessly。
87 ．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从那一年起，大多数年轻的工匠都回到了家乡，找到了美好的未来。 分析句子可知，return(返回)是句中谓语动词，与主语 most young craftsmen 之间是主动关系，句中有时间 状语 Since that year，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语 most young craftsmen 是复数名词，所以谓语动词应 使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填 have returned。
88 ．考查介词。句意：在政府工作坊的帮助下，他们了解了最新的时尚趋势，以及如何满足客户的各种要 求。with the help of...是固定短语，意为“在…… 的帮助下”。故填 With。
89 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：在政府工作坊的帮助下，他们了解了最新的时尚趋势，以及如何满足客户 的各种要求。提示词作定语，结合句意和空格前定冠词 the 可知，用形容最高级 latest 作定语；the latest“最 新的”。故填 latest。
90 ．考查名词。句意：在政府工作坊的帮助下，他们了解了最新的时尚趋势，以及如何满足客户的各种要 求。可数名词 request 作宾语，用名词，空格前有形容词 various 修饰，用复数。故填 requests。
（2023 秋 ·湖南 · 校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The “Spring Fair”, featuring diverse Chinese cultural activities, 91 (hold) on Sunday at the Garden of Serenity, a traditional Chinese garden in Santa Lucija, Malta.
The fair, jointly 92 (organize) by the China Cultural Centre in Malta and the Santa Lucija local
council, offered participants the opportunity to indulge in Chinese tea and cuisine, experience the art of calligraphy, 93 even try on Han Chinese clothing.
The event’s highlight was the performances by members from the Malta School of Wushu-Longgui, who showcased 94 (amaze) dragon dances and martial arts, attracting many audiences. Tai Chi performance, traditional Chinese folk music, and popular songs also gained loud cheers and applause.
At the opening ceremony, Charmaine St John, mayor of Santa Lucija, said that the Garden of Serenity is “ 95 symbol of friendship between Malta and China.” She noted that cultural integration has always been a proposition ( 主张) of the Maltese government, and 96 cooperation between the two sides should be based on 97 (equal) and mutual benefit in order to be sustainable.
One of the 98 (participant), 12-year-old Nathan Zammit, wrote his name in Chinese characters 99 a brush at the booth of the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. He was excited 100 (experience) calligraphy and showed admiration for Chinese culture, despite not having visited China.
91 ．was held 92 ．organized 93 ．and 94 ．amazing 95 ．a 96 ．that 97 ．equality
98 ．participants 99 ．with 100 ．to experience
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是上周日，以丰富多彩的中国文化活动为特色的“春季博览会”在 马耳他圣卢西亚的中国传统园林 Garden of Serenity 举行。
91 ．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：上周日，以丰富多彩的中国文化活动为特色的“春季博览会”在马 耳他圣卢西亚的中国传统园林 Garden of Serenity 举行。活动是被举办，由on Sunday 可知，句子描述过去 的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语 The “Spring Fair”是单数，因此空格处是 was held 。 故填 was held。
92 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：该博览会由马耳他中国文化中心和圣卢西亚地方议会联合举办，为参与者提 供了品尝中国茶和中国美食、体验书法艺术、甚至试穿汉族服装的机会。句中谓语是 offered，空格处用非 谓语动词，由 by 可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填 organized。
93 ．考查连词。句意：该博览会由马耳他中国文化中心和圣卢西亚地方议会联合举办，为参与者提供了品 尝中国茶和中国美食、体验书法艺术、甚至试穿汉族服装的机会。indulge in Chinese tea and cuisine, experience the art of calligraphy 和 try on Han Chinese clothing 这三个动作是并列关系，且句子是肯定句， 因此用 and 表并列，故填 and。
94 ．考查形容词。句意：活动的重头戏是马耳他武术龙桂派成员的表演，他们展示了令人惊叹的舞龙和武 术，吸引了许多观众。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语 dragon dances and martial arts，舞龙和武术 是物，因此用 ing 结尾的形容词 amazing 修饰，amazing 意为“令人惊叹的”。故填 amazing。
95．考查冠词。句意：圣卢西亚市长约翰在开幕式上表示，Garden of Serenity 是“马中友谊的象征”。symbol 是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，symbol 是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用 a ，故填 a。
96 ．考查宾语从句。句意：她指出，文化融合一直是马耳他政府的主张，双方的合作应该建立在平等互利 的基础上，以实现可持续发展。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格 处用 that 引导宾语从句，故填 that。
97 ．考查名词。句意：她指出，文化融合一直是马耳他政府的主张，双方的合作应该建立在平等互利的基 础上，以实现可持续发展。空格处用名词作宾语，equal 的名词是 equality，是不可数名词，意为“平等” ， 故填 equality。
98 ．考查名词的复数。句意：在马耳他大学孔子学院的展位上，12 岁的 Nathan Zammit 用毛笔写下了自己 的名字。One of 后跟名词的复数，因此空格处是复数 participants。故填 participants。
99 ．考查介词。句意：在马耳他大学孔子学院的展位上，其中一个参与者，12 岁的 Nathan Zammit 用毛笔 写下了自己的名字。此处表示用毛笔写字，空格处意为“用” ，是介词 with，故填 with。
100 ．考查不定式。句意：尽管没有去过中国，但他对书法感到兴奋，并对中国文化表示钦佩。be excited to do 是固定短语，意为“兴奋地做某事” ，因此空格处是不定式 to experience。故填 to experience。
（2023 秋 ·湖南 ·湖南师大附中校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。
A long time ago, there was a mountain 101 (name) “Chengdu Zaitian” in the vast wilderness. This mountain was home to the Kua Fu tribe, 102 members were all tall and mighty like giants.
Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea 103 he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! The next day, the moment the sun came out, he took a big step and ran towards the sun 104 full speed. The sun, however, was not still, and it 105 (steady) rose from the horizon, reached the highest point and then set to the west. Kua Fu could not stop for 106 instant, and he ran like wind all the way, 107 (struggle) to catch up. Most of the day passed, and Kua Fu was finally about to overtake the sun in Yugu, where the sun 108 (suppose)to fall! But as he got closer, he felt exhausted and extremely thirsty when a huge heat wave hit him all over. Then Kua Fu drank up all the water of the Yellow River and the Weihe River. But that was still far from enough. Kua Fu threw his cane out with his last bit of 109 (strong), which turned into a peach forest with rich fruits, serving as a resting place for people to enjoy the coolness and take peaches as food 110 they continued their journey.
101 ．named 102 ．whose 103 ．that 104 ．at 105 ．steadily 106 ．an 107 ．struggling
108 ．was supposed 109 ．strength 110 ．before
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了夸父逐日的神话故事。
101 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：很久以前，在辽阔的荒野中有一座山，名叫“成都载天” 。mountain 和 name 构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语。故填 named。
102 ．考查定语从句。句意：这座山是夸父部落的家园，他们的成员都像巨人一样高大威武。分析句子结构 可知非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 the Kua Fu tribe，在从句中作定语，应用 whose。故填 whose。
103．考查名词性从句。句意：看到日出和日落，夸父突然有了一个主意，他想和太阳赛跑，看谁跑得更快！ idea 后面接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用 that。故填 that。
104 ．考查固定搭配。句意：第二天，太阳一出来，他就迈了一大步，全速向太阳跑去。短语 at full speed 表示“全速前进”。故填 at。
105 ．考查副词。句意：然而，太阳并不是静止的，它稳步地从地平线上升起，到达最高点，然后向西落下。 此处修饰谓语动词 rose 应用副词 steadily。故填 steadily。
106．考查冠词。句意：夸父一刻也停不下来，他像风一样一路狂奔，奋力追赶。短语 for an instant 表示“一 刻，一会儿”。故填 an。
107 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：夸父一刻也停不下来，他像风一样一路狂奔，奋力追赶。struggle 和 he 之间 构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填 struggling。
108 ．考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：大半天过去了，夸父终于要在禺谷赶上太阳了，而禺谷正是太阳 落山的地方！根据上文 Kua Fu was可知为一般过去时，且 suppose 与 sun 之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，为 一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填 was supposed。
109 ．考查名词。句意：夸父用尽最后一点力气，把手杖扔了出去，那里变成了一片桃林，果实丰富，是人 们乘凉休息的地方，也是他们继续赶路前吃桃子的地方。作介词 of 的宾语，应用名词 strength，表抽象概 念，不可数。故填 strength。
110 ．考查状语从句。句意：夸父用尽最后一点力气，把手杖扔了出去，那里变成了一片桃林，果实丰富， 是人们乘凉休息的地方，也是他们继续赶路前吃桃子的地方。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”应用 before。故填 before。
（2023 秋 ·湖南邵阳 ·湖南省邵东市第三中学校考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或 括号内单词的正确形式。
As Shaoxing is a water town, the unique transport named Wupeng boat 111 (emerge) in this particular
location in the Tang Dynasty. Wupeng boat, a Chinese gondola, also 112 (know) as black awning ( 雨篷) boat, got its name from 113 dark colour of its awning. There are straw mats for people to sit and lie on board. As the space is rather small, the boat may lose balance or even turn over if passengers stand on it. Each boat can hold about four persons. It is run by human power, 114 is another typical fact about this boat.
Wupeng boat has now become the symbol of Shaoxing. The famous Chinese writer Lu Xun mentioned this boat in many of his 115 (publication) because floating in a Wupeng boat is not only part of his childhood but also people’s life in Shaoxing. The breeze and 116 (cool) of water in summer would bring you a pleasant outdoor experience. Thus, the best time to ride Wupeng boats in Shaoxing is from March to September. But other months would be a good option for experiencing it 117 fewer travelers around.
Wupeng boats in different spots around the city have various routes.You can 118 (careful) choose and appreciate the historical 119 cultural old town on the small boat. Once you get to Shaoxing, find one of the few Wupeng boat ports, and ask what route they follow 120 (make) sure you see the attractions from your wish list.
111 ．emerged 112 ．known 113 ．the 114 ．which 115 ．publications 116 ．coolness
117 ．with 118 ．carefully 119 ．and 120 ．to make
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了绍兴的乌篷船，包括它的起源，特点和作用。
111 ．考查动词时态。句意：由于绍兴是一个水乡，唐代在这个特殊的地方出现了一种独特的交通工具—— 乌篷船。根据时间状语 in the Tang Dynasty 可知，空处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去式，谓语动词用 过去式。故填 emerged。
112 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：乌篷船，中国的一种平底船，也被称为黑雨篷船，因其雨篷的深色而得名。 be known as…“作为……而著名”为固定搭配，该句的谓语是 got，空处应用非谓语动词 known，作后置定 语。故填 known。
113 ．考查冠词。句意：乌篷船，中国的一种平底船，也被称为黑雨篷船，因其雨篷的深色而得名。根据 of its awning 可知，空处表示特指，应用定冠词 the。故填 the。
114 ．考查定语从句。句意：它由人力驱动，这是关于这种船的另一个典型事实。空处引导非限制性定语从 句，先行词是前面一句话 It is run by human power，指代一件事情，用关系代词 which 引导从句，作主语。 故填 which。
115 ．考查名词复数。句意：中国著名作家鲁迅在他的许多出版物中都提到了这种船，因为在乌篷船上漂浮 不仅是他童年的一部分，也是绍兴人生活的一部分。根据 many of his 可知，空处应用可数名词的复数。故 填 publications。
116 ．考查名词。句意：在夏天，微风和水的凉爽会给你带来一种愉快的户外体验。根据 The breeze and 可 知，空处应用名词与 breeze 并列。故填 coolness。
117．考查介词。句意：但其他月份是一个很好的选择，可以在周围游客较少的情况下体验它。空处应用 with 表示伴随。故填 with。
118 ．考查副词。句意：你可以在小船上仔细选择和欣赏历史文化古镇。此处修饰动词 choose，用副词，作 状语。故填 carefully。
119 ．考查并列连词。句意：你可以在小船上仔细选择和欣赏历史文化古镇。后文 cultural 与前文 historical 是并列关系，空处应用并列连词 and 连接。故填 and。
120 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦你到了绍兴，找一个为数不多的乌篷船港，问问他们走哪条路线，以确 保你能看到你愿望清单上的景点。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填 to make。
（2023 秋 ·湖南常德 · 常德市一中校考阶段练习） 阅读下列短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。
Living Heritage: Woodblock Printing
Delicate touches, carved onto wood, with ultimate precision. This is woodblock printing, 121 ancient printing technique that enhances human civilization.
As Buddhism was popular in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), there was a strong need 122 (produce) a large amount of Buddhist works, and copying by hand could not meet the 123 (rise) demand. Ancient Chinese craftsmen thus came up 124 a novel way to mass produce printed works. Hence came the prototype (雏形) of woodblock printing.
Traditional woodblock printing can be divided into four major steps: writing, engraving, printing, and binding. With each step then sub-divided into several procedures, it takes 125 (rough) 30 steps to produce a
woodblock print.
Carving lies at the center of woodblock printing as this step can make 126 break the final print.
Characters and images 127 ( carve) to produce 128 (raise) areas or lines that will eventually apply ink to paper. It calls for a pair of skilled hands. A five-meter-scroll of the Buddhist scripture Diamond Sutra, printed in 868, is the “earliest dated printed book” in the words of the British
Library where it is stored. It is not only one example of ancient works of art 129 tell the wisdom of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries.
The invention of writing gave life to great 130 (thought), but it is the invention of printing that made knowledge a shareable fruit for all humankind.
121．an 122．to produce 123．rising 124．with 125．roughly 126．or 127．are carved
128 ．raised 129 ．that/which 130 ．thoughts
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了木板印刷这一古老的印刷技术，它提升了人类文明。
121 ．考查冠词。句意：这就是木版印刷术，一种古老的印刷技术，它提升了人类文明。结合语意可知，此 处表示一种古老的印刷技术，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，ancient 是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定 冠词 an。故填 an。
122 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于唐代（618-907）佛教在中国很流行，因此需要生产大量的佛教作品， 手工复制无法满足日益增长的需求。句中 need 是名词，表示“ 需要，需求” ，后接动词不定式形式作后置定 语，符合题意。故填 to produce。
123 ．考查形容词。句意：由于唐代（618-907）佛教在中国很流行，因此需要生产大量的佛教作品，手工 复制无法满足日益增长的需求。空处修饰名词 demand，应用形容词形式作定语，rising 是形容词，表示 “（数量等）增加的”，符合题意。故填 rising。
124 ．考查介词。句意：因此，中国古代工匠们想出了一种新颖的方法来大规模生产印刷品。come up with 是固定短语，表示“提出，想出” ，符合题意。故填 with。
125 ．考查副词。句意：每一步都分为几个步骤，制作一幅木版画大约需要 30 个步骤。空处修饰动词 takes，应用副词形式作状语，roughly 是副词，表示“大约” ，符合题意。故填 roughly。
126 ．考查连词。句意：雕刻是木版印刷的核心，因为这一步可以决定最终印刷的成败。结合语意可知，句 中 make 和 break 之间是选择关系，所以空处应用连词 or ，表示“或者” ，符合题意。故填 or。
127 ．考查时态和语态。句意：文字和图像被雕刻成凸起的区域或线条，最终将墨水涂在纸上。根据句意可 知，主句描述现在的一般事实，应用一般现在时，carve 与主语 Characters and images 之间是被动关系， 应用被动语态，且主语 Characters and images 是复数，be 动词应用 are。故填 are carved。
128 ．考查形容词。句意：文字和图像被雕刻成凸起的区域或线条，最终将墨水涂在纸上。空处修饰名词 areas ，应用形容词形式作定语，raised 是形容词，表示“ 凸起的” ，符合题意。故填 raised。
129 ．考查定语从句。句意：它不仅是古代艺术作品中讲述祖先智慧的一个例子，也是中国工匠几个世纪以 来追求美的见证。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 works of art，先行词指物， 关系词在从句中作主语，应用 that/which 引导从句。故填 that/which。
130．考查名词。句意：文字的发明赋予了伟大思想以生命，但印刷术的发明使知识成为全人类共享的果实。
句中 thought 是名词，表示“ 思想” ，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，作介词 to 的宾语。故填 thoughts。
（2023 秋 ·湖北 · 校际联考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new chain of coffee shops has sprung up in the city of Wuxi, East China’s Jiangsu province, themed on the ancient Huishan clay figurine ( 泥人) culture—with a few modern adaptations. The Nanimomo Cafe chain has expanded 131 (rapid) since May last year and now has 11 132 (branch) in operation. The coffee shops display 133 range of figurines and related creative cultural products. In addition 134 drinking coffee, visitors can choose whether 135 (have) a go at making clay sculptures on site.
Huishan clay figurines are made from the black clay found at the foot of Huishan Mountain in Wuxi. They are said to have a 136 (record) history of more than 400 years. And they 137 (list) among the first batch (批) of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006. In Wuxi dialect, Huishan clay figurines are pronounced nanimomo. The two most famous 138 (tradition) figurines are A Fu and A Xi, meaning “good fortune” and “joy”, and the factory has designed and produced several new figurines, such as Nani and Momo, 139 are more modern and attractive to young consumers. There are also several cute and
colorful characters, 140 (carry) different types of food for which Wuxi is famous: spare ribs ( 排骨), peaches and steamed buns.
131 ．rapidly 132．branches 133 ．a 134．to 135．to have 136 ．recorded 137．were
listed 138 ．traditional 139 ．which 140 ．carrying
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了无锡的咖啡馆找到了一种新的方式来弘扬和传承当地的文化。
131 ．考查副词。句意： 自去年 5 月以来，Nanimomo Cafe 连锁店迅速扩张， 目前已拥有 11 家分店。分析 该句成分可知，此处需用所给形容词的副词形式 rapidly，修饰动词 expanded，在句中作状语。故填 rapidly。
132．考查名词复数。句意：自去年 5 月以来，Nanimomo Cafe 连锁店迅速扩张，目前已拥有 11 家分店。branch 在此为可数名词，意为“分店” ，根据前面的数字 11 可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填 branches。
133 ．考查冠词。句意：咖啡馆展示了一系列的小雕像和相关的创意文化产品。a range of sth 意为“ 一系 列” ，为固定搭配。故填 a。
134 ．考查介词。句意：除了喝咖啡，游客还可以选择是否在现场尝试制作粘土雕塑。in addition to 意为“ 除 了……” ，为固定搭配。故填 to。
135 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了喝咖啡，游客还可以选择是否在现场尝试制作粘土雕塑。分析该句结构 可知，此处疑问词 whether 后接 to do 作 choose 的宾语。故填 to have。
136 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说它们有 400 多年的历史。分析该句结构可知，此处所填词与其逻辑主语 history 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用所给动词的过去分词 recorded，作前置定语。故填 recorded。
137 ．考查动词的时态与语态。句意：并于 2006 年被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。分析该 句成分可知，所填词与其主语 they 是动宾关系，又根据句中的 in 2006 可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语 态。故填 were listed。
138 ．考查形容词。句意：最著名的两个传统小雕像是阿福和阿喜，寓意“好运”和“快乐” ，工厂还设计生产 了几种新的小雕像，如 Nani 和 Momo，这些小雕像更现代，对年轻消费者更有吸引力。分析该句成分可知， 此处需用所给词的形容词形式 traditional，修饰后面的名词 figurines，在句中作定语。故填 traditional。
139 ．考查定语从句。句意：最著名的两个传统小雕像是阿福和阿喜，寓意“好运”和“快乐” ，工厂还设计生 产了几种新的小雕像，如 Nani 和 Momo，这些小雕像更现代，对年轻消费者更有吸引力。分析该句成分可 知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，且先行词为 several new figurines，所以用关系 代词 which。故填 which。
140 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：还有几个可爱的彩色人物，携带着不同种类的食物，这些食物是无锡著名的:
排骨、桃子和馒头。分析该句结构可知，所填词与其逻辑主语 characters 存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用 现在分词。故填 carrying。
（2023 秋 ·湖北 ·湖北省罗田县第一中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括
号内单词的正确形式。
In Xixian county, located in Linfen, Shanxi province, a smart pear orchard (果园) 141 (stretch) 33.3 hectares (公顷) has been developed with the 142 (assist) of the Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
In this orchard, every pear is given 143 unique QR code that enables monitoring of the entire growth process. “The QR code serves 144 an ID card, recording the life of a pear,” said Wang Yibo, an agriculture official from the county.
145 (establish) in 2020, the smart orchard is operated with the help of cutting-edge technologies such as the internet, big data, cloud computing and the internet of things. There are 64 villages in the county 146 rely on pears as their primary industry, 147 (account) for 80 percent of the farmers’ income.
So far, Xixian 148 (build) a smart agriculture integration platform made up of 12 systems, including water-fertilizer 149 (integrate) management, disease and insect monitoring, and the monitoring and
evaluation of the quality of the land.
According to Wang, the platform not only helps with production but also promotes sales, as its tracking system can collect first-hand marketing feedback data. Pear farmers can learn about the market demand through the system to 150 (accurate) identify their customers and carry out targeted promotions.
141 ．stretching 142 ．assistance 143 ．a 144 ．as 145 ．Established 146 ．that/which
147 ．accounting 148 ．has built 149 ．integrated 150 ．accurately
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了位于山西省临汾市隰县的一个智能梨果园。
141 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：在山西省农业科学院的帮助下，位于山西省临汾市的隰县开发了一个占地 33.3 公顷的智能梨园。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且提示词与空前名词“pear orchard”之间 为主动关系，故用 doing 形式作后置定语。故填 stretching。
142 ．考查名词。句意：在山西省农业科学院的帮助下，位于山西省临汾市的隰县开发了一个占地 33.3 公顷 的智能梨园。根据句意可知，应为固定搭配 with the assistance of...“在…… 的帮助下”。故填 assistance。
143 ．考查冠词。句意：在这个果园里，每个梨都有一个独特的二维码，可以监控整个生长过程。根据句意 以及空前主语“every pear”可知，应为不定冠词表示泛指，且空后词“unique”为辅音音素开头，故用 a。故 填 a。
144 ．考查介词。句意：该县农业官员王一波表示：“二维码就像身份证一样，记录了梨的一生。”根据句意 可知，应为固定搭配 serve as“充当……”。故填 as。
145 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：智慧果园成立于 2020 年，利用互联网、大数据、云计算、物联网等前沿技 术运营。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且提示词与逻辑主语“the smart orchard”之间为被动关 系，故用 done 形式作状语。故填 Established。
146 ．考查连词。句意：该县有 64 个村以梨为第一产业， 占农民收入的 80%。分析句子成分可知，空处应 为引导定语从句的连接词，指代先行词“villages”，为地点名词，且在从句中充当主语，故应为 that 或 which。故填 that/which。
147 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：该县有 64 个村以梨为第一产业， 占农民收入的 80%。分析句子成分可知， 空处应为非谓语动词，且应为 doing 形式表示结果状语。故填 accounting。
148 ．考查谓语动词。句意：目前，西县已经建成了一个由水肥综合管理、病虫监测、土地质量监测与评价 等 12 个系统组成的智慧农业一体化平台。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应时间状语“So far” 以及空前名词“Xixian”可知，谓语动词应为现在完成时，且为单数。故填 has built。
149 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，西县已经建成了一个由水肥综合管理、病虫监测、土地质量监测与评
价等 12 个系统组成的智慧农业一体化平台。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词 “management”，且提示词和“management”之间为动宾关系，故用 done 形式作定语。故填 integrated。
150 ．考查副词。句意：梨农可以通过系统了解市场需求，准确识别客户，进行有针对性的促销。应为副词 作状语修饰动词“identify”。故填 accurately。
（2023 秋 ·湖南益阳 ·桃江县第一中学校联考阶段练习） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Scientists report they have discovered water during a Chinese moon task. The water is in 151 (extreme) small glass beads (珠) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (陨石) have hit the moon. The dirt 152 (collect) in 2020.
Hejiu Hui of Nanjing University took part in the study, 153 was published recently in Nature
Geoscience. Hui said the beads differ in size from the 154 (wide) of one hair to several hairs. The amount of water inside was very small.
Since billions 155 these beads exist on the moon, there could be large amounts of water. But mining it would be difficult, one of the 156 (researcher) said.
The findings are based on 32 glass beads 157 (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon task.
This shows “water can be got on the moon’s surface… a new reservoir on the moon,” Hui said.
The study’s findings raise the chance 158 water could be collected by 159 (heat) the beads in future robotic tasks.
Still, more studies would be needed to show whether 160 is possible to get such water and whether the water would be safe to drink.
In earlier studies, water was found in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon. Those studies used materials collected on the moon more than fifty years ago.
151 ．extremely 152 ．was collected 153 ．which 154 ．width 155 ．of 156 ．researchers
157 ．chosen 158 ．that 159 ．heating 160 ．it
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是科学家在月球上发现了水，以及水在月球上存在的形式。
151 ．考查副词。句意：水在非常小的玻璃珠中，这些玻璃珠是在许多陨石撞击月球的泥土中发现的。空格 处用副词 extremely 修饰形容词 small ，extremely 意为“非常” ，故填 extremely。
152 ．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：这些泥土是在 2020 年收集的。泥土是被收集，句子用被动语态， 由 in 2020 可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语 dirt 是不可数名词，因此空格处是 was collected。故填 was collected。
153 ．考查定语从句。句意：南京大学的 He Jiu hui 参与了这项研究，该研究最近发表在《自然地球科学》 上。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词 study 是物，因此空格处用关系代词 which，故填 which。
154 ．考查名词。句意：许说，这些珠子的大小不一，从一根头发的宽度到几根头发的宽度。由 the 和 of 可 知，空格处用名词，即 width，是不可数名词，意为“ 宽度”。故填 width。
155 ．考查介词。句意：既然月球上有数十亿颗这样的珠子，那么月球上可能有大量的水。billions of 是固 定短语，意为“数以亿计的” ，因此空格处是介词 of，故填 of。
156 ．考查名词的复数。句意：但其中一名研究人员表示，开采它会很困难。空前有 one of，空格处用复数 researchers，故填 researchers。
157 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现是基于从中国嫦娥五号月球任务收集的月球泥土中选择的 32 个玻 璃珠。句中谓语是 are based on ，空格处用非谓语动词，beads 和 choose 之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处 用过去分词表被动，故填 chosen。
158 ．考查同位语从句。句意：这项研究的发现提高了在未来的机器人任务中通过加热这些珠子来收集水的 可能性。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用 that 引导同位语 从句，故填 that。
159 ．考查动名词。句意：这项研究的发现提高了在未来的机器人任务中通过加热这些珠子来收集水的可能 性。by 是介词，其后跟动名词 heating 作宾语，故填 heating。
160 ．考查代词。句意：不过，还需要更多的研究来证明是否有可能获得这样的水，以及这种水是否可以安 全饮用。it is possible to do sth.是固定句型，意为“可能做某事”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式， 故填 it。

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