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Unit2 I'll help to clean up the city parks
1.The girl could volunteer in an after-school study...
volunteer(v)自愿(做某事)
常用短语:
volunteer to do sth./volunteer for sth.自愿做某事
eg:The students volunteer to help the poor.
volunteer(可数n)志愿者
eg:Being a volunteer is great.
volunteer(adj)志愿的；自愿的
eg:They did a volunteer job.
2.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
used to do sth.过去常常做某事 There used to be 过去曾有
归纳: “used to+动词原形”句式
①肯定句:“主语+used to+动词原形+其他”
②否定句: “主语+didn't use to+ 动词原形+其他”
“主语+usedn't to + 动词原形+其他”
eg:I didn't use to have short hair.
I usedn't to have short hair.
③一般疑问句: “Did+主语+use to+动词原形+其他 ”
“Used+主语+to+动词原形+其他 ”
eg:Did you use to play the piano
Used you to play the piano
④反义疑问句: 附加疑问句部分可使用 “didn't”或 “usedn't”
eg:The street used to be crowded,didn't/usedn't it
3....but I want to learn more about how to care for animals.
“how to care for animals”是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构
英语中,疑问代词what、who、which和疑问副词where、when、why、how等后面可以接动词不定式构成动词不定式短语,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语
eg:I don't know what to do next. (宾语)
The problem is where to go now. (表语)
When to leave is still a question. (主语)
注意：“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语时,相当于宾语从句。当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,可以与此结构互换
eg:She didn't decide where she should go.
She didn't decide where to go.
4.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners' faces.
“such a strong feeling of satisfaction ”属于“such+a(n)+adj+n” 结构 ,意为：“如此...的...”
eg:Did you see such an interesting film
可与“so+adj+a(n)+单数可数名词”互换
eg:Did you see so interesting a film
She is such a beautiful girl.
She is so beautiful a girl.
辨析:such与so
①such(adj)如此的(修饰n) so(adv)如此(修饰adj/adv)
②两者用来修饰复数名词时,若n前有adj,一般用such
若n前有many,much,few,little,此时用so
eg:They are such clever boys.
He has so many books that he wants to sell them.
③如果被修饰的是不可数名词，只能用such
eg:It is such beautiful music.
④当little表示“年纪小的”之意，可用“such+little+n”结构
eg:They are such little children that they can't dress themselves.
⑤so...that...(如此...以致于...) so that以便(目的状语)
eg:He is so young that he can't dress himself.
They get up early so that they can catch the bus.
satisfaction(不可数名词) 满意；满足 dissatisfaction不满
satisfy(v)使满意→satisfied(adj)满意的→satisfying(adj)令人满意的
一系列用法：
①to one's satisfaction 令人满意的是 (同surprise)
②express one's satisfaction at/with对...表示满意
③with satisfaction满意地
④satisfy one's needs满足某人的需要
⑤be satisfied with对...感到满意
⑥be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意
owner(n)主人;雇主
eg:She is the owner of the house.
own(adj)自己的(常与物主代词连用)
两种结构:
①one's own+名词
②名词+of one's own
eg:She still doesn't have a house of her own.
She still doesn't have her own house.
own(v)拥有(相当于have)
eg:He owns a car.
5....to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.
raise(vt) 筹集 (raised---raised)
raise...for...为...筹集
raise的其他用法:
①举起、抬起(同lift)
raise one's hand 举起手
②养育、饲养、种植(人、动物、植物)
raise a family 养家 raise sheep养羊
③建立、竖起(同set up)
raise a monument 建纪念碑
④提高、升高
raise one's voice 提高声音
辨析：raise与rise
①raise（vt）(有被动语态) rise(vi)（无被动语态）
②raise（借助外力）升高 rise（自身）升高
eg:The student raised her right hand.
The sun rises in the east.
③二者都可用来表示数量、价值、地位、水平等的提高、上升
eg:The price of potatoes was raise.
The price of potatoes rised.
6.I take after my mother.
take after:像、与...相像
辨析：take after、look like、be like
take after指(因血缘关系在长相、性格或行为上)相像 (be similar to)
eg :Mary really takes after her mom.
Mary is really similar to her mom.
look like指(外表上)看起来像
eg:The man looks like our math teacher.
be like指(性格、外貌)像
eg:---What's he like 他是个什么样的人？
---He's tall，handsome and very kind.
7.I'm sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.
be sure的常用句型：
①be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事
Eg:He is sure to arrive here on time.
②be sure of/about sth. 对...有把握
Eg:They are sure of/about the fact.
③be sure+(that)从句 确信...
Eg:I am sure (that) he will come on time.
注意：在be sure+(that)从句 中，若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则句子结构能改为：be sure to do 的形式
eg:I am sure (that) I will succeed.
I am sure to succeed.
8.You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
“make it +adj+to do sth.”使做某事(变得)...
在此结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式
Eg:The teacher made it interesting to learn English.
it作形式宾语的其他常见句型：
think/find/believe/feel it+adj/n+to do sth.觉得/发现/相信/感觉做某事...
Eg:I find it boring to study at home.
I believe it a good way to do like that.
I feel it interesting to play outside.
9.Or imagine you can't walk or use your hands easily.
imagine(V)想象；设想 imagination(n)想象
用法：
①imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
eg:He tries to imagine living in the moon.
②imagine sb.to do sth. 想象某人做某事
eg:She imagines herself to be a famous singer.
③imagine+that/what+从句 想象...
eg:I can't imagine what happened to you.
10.She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog.
trained(adj)受过训练的
train(v)训练；培养；锻炼
用法：
①train sb./sth.to do sth.训练某人/某物去做某事
eg:The police trained these dogs to detect.
②train sb.in sth.在某方面训练/培养某人
eg:He trained his son in the football team.
training(不可数名词)训练；培训
eg:I didn't have any training in drawing.
11.Lucky is very clever and understands many English words.
understand(v)理解；领会 (understood---understood)
①understand理解；听懂 (follow/catch)
eg:I can't understand/follow/catch you,please speak again.
②make oneself understood 让别人理解自己的意思
eg:I can't make myself understood in English.
③understanding(adj)善解人意的；体谅人的
eg:The mother has an understanding daughter.
12.What are your interests and hobbies
interest(可数名词)兴趣；爱好
用法：
①have (an) interest in 对...有兴趣
②have no interest in 对...不感兴趣
③take an interest in 对...产生兴趣
④lose interest in 对...失去兴趣
interest(vt)使...有兴趣
eg:The film may interest you.
13.动词短语
“动词+副词”结构
①相当于不及物动词
eg:break out爆发 break up分解 come up出现
fall behind 落后 get along 进展 get up起床
give in 屈服 grow up 长大 hold on等会儿
②相当于及物动词(代词作宾语位于中间，名词作宾语位于中间/后面)
eg:cheer up使高兴起来 clean up打扫干净 think over仔细考虑
put up 张贴 fix up修理 give away赠送
give out 分发 use up用完 hand in上交
put off推迟 pick up捡起 turn down调低音量

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