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Unit5 What are the shirts made of
Where is tea produced in China
produce (v) 生产;制造;产生;引起
辨析: produce与make
produce:可以表示通过制造而获得产品;也可以表示生产粮食、蔬菜、通过种植而获得产品
Eg:We produce more grain this year than we did last year.
make:作为 “制造”时,一般可以和produce相互换用.但不能表示通过种植而获得的产品
Eg:The factory makes/produces cars.
David produced/made a fine meal.
produce的同根词:
producer生产商;制造商 production生产;制造;制作
product 产品;产物;成果;结果
For example,Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.
be known for 以...闻名；为人知晓 (相当于be famous for)
辨析: be known for与be known as
be known for:表示出名的原因
be known as:后接身份、 职位等的名词
Eg：Hangzhou is known for the West Lake.
Lu Xun is known as a writer.
辨析:widely与wide
widely: adv 广泛地;普遍地 (表示抽象的行为和状况)
wide: adj宽的;宽广的 adv广大地;广阔地(表示抽象的行为和动作)
Eg: We were widely different on many questions.
They come to a wide river.
Open your month wide when you pronounce this sound.
Kang Jian thinks it’s great that China is so good at making these everyday things.
辨析: everyday,every day与daily
everyday (adj)每天的;日常的
every day (adv)每天 (一般位于句首或句末)
daily (adj/adv)每天的;每天地adj=everyday adv=every day
The international kite festival is held in...
international(adj)国际的
①inter是一个前缀,加在adj,v或n前,表示 “间;际;相互”
Eg:interaction 相互作用 interview采访;会见
interactive相互作用的
②al是adj后缀,常加在名词后.
Eg: person-personal music-musical tradition-traditional
nation-national nature-natural education-educational
He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.
句子分析: when in trouble 是省略句,完整的表达为: when he was in trouble.
当when,while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语中含有be动词时,从句的主语和be动词通常可以省略.
eg:When (he was)running by the lake,he met his friend.
Lily took many photos while (she was)on vacation.
in trouble 处于困境中
“in+n”结构 in danger in silence in surprise
...they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. 它们缓慢地升到空中,就像大家看到的小热气球。
辨析:raise与rise
raise(vt)举起 (说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的,比如举手、升国旗等)
rise(vi)上升 (说明主语自身移向较高的位置,比如河水上涨、太阳升起等)
Eg:We raise the national flag at the time when the sun rises.
7.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters ...
辨析: alive,living,lively与live
alive:(adj)活着的 一般作表语或后置定语
Eg：He must be alive.
He’s the happiest man alive.
living:(adj)活着的;健在的 一般作表语或前置定语
Eg：The dog is living.
Plants and animals are living things.
注意:alive强调生死的界限,表示奄奄一息 而living 强调尚在人间
lively:(adj)生动的;活泼的 作表语或定语
Eg：The children is lively.
live:(adj)现场的 作前置定语
Eg:The live program is fantastic.
8....what are they used for now
be used for (doing) sth.被用于(做)某事 (被动语态结构)
其他的结构:
①be used to do sth.被用于做某事
②be used as被用作... (后接名词)
Eg:The wall is used as “a blackboard” by the children.
③be used by 被...使用 (后接人)
Eg: Computers are used by people in both cities and towns.
④used to do sth.过去常常做某事
⑤be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于(做) 某事
一般现在时的被动语态
主动语态中,主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者被动语态中,主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者
①被动语态的构成 be+动词过去分词
(am/is/are+动词过去分词)
②主动语态转换成被动语态的步骤
把原主动句中的宾语转换成被动语态的主语
把动词改为被动形式,即 “be+动词过去分词”.其 中的be动词形式要随着新的主语而变化.同时be的时态要保持原来主动语态句子的时态。
原来主动语态句中的主语,如果需要,就放在by后面,以指明做事的人或物,若没有必要,则可以省略.
其他成分(定语、状语)不变
Eg: We speak English.
English is spoken by us.
③一般现在时的被动语态的基本结构
肯定句式:主语+am/is/are+过去分词+(by...)
否定句式:主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+(by...)
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+(by...)？
特殊疑问词:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+(by...)
④被动语态的运用
当我们不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者,常用被动语态
Eg: Such books are written for children.
当谈话中心是动作的承受者,而不是动作的执行者时,常使用被动语态
Eg:A large number of engineers are set to Africa (by our government) to help people there.
由于某种原因不愿或回避谈论动作的执行者时,常使用被动语态
Eg:Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere.
为礼貌起见避免提及动作的执行者时,常使用被动语态
Eg: I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself
⑤被动语态运用时要注意的情况
there be 句式无被动语态
不及物动词无被动语态
动词短语变为被动语态时应视为一个整体,不能随意拆开或省略
Eg:The doctor looks over the patient carefully.
The patient is looked over carefully by the doctor.
主动句中的宾语是反身代词时,不能变为被动语态
系表结构的句子无被动语态
使役动词(let,have,make等)和感官动词(see,hear,watch,notice等)在主动语态中使用不带to的动词不定式作宾补,但变为被动语态时,to则不能省略.
Eg: I heard her sing English songs.
She was heard to sing English songs by me.
主动语态中含双宾结构,可把表人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,也可把表物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,此时间接宾语前要加to/for.
Eg：She often shows me her photos.
I am often showed her photos by her.
Her photos are often showed to me by her.

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