资源简介 陈述句知识要点:一、陈述句的概念陈述句是用于陈述事实和观点的句子。陈述句包括肯定句和否定句,句末用句号。如:I’m a student.(肯定句)I watched TV yesterday evening. (肯定句)She isn’t a doctor. (否定句)There aren’t four desks in our house. (否定句)肯定句变否定句的基本方法1、句中有be动词的,直接在be动词后面加not.She is my sister. She is not (isn’t) my sister.2、句中有情态动词的,直接在情态动词后面加notYou can come here tomorrow . You can not (can’t) come here tomorrow.句中谓语动词是实意动词,没有be动词am is are,也没有情态动词can may must的,在实意动词前面加don’t,doesn’t或didn’t,当主语是第三人称单数时,加doesn’t.当句子是一般过去时时,加didn’t。注:相应的实意动词变为原型。I like music. I do not (don’t) like music.She likes running . She does not (doesn’t) like running.突破演练:一、看图,用一个完整、正确的陈述句回答问题。What’s this ___________________二、将下列句子变成否定句,每空一词。This is a desk. This _______ a desk.He can draw pictures. He________ draw pictures.He has a nice watch. He_______ _______ a nice watch.I played the piano yesterday. I_______ ________the piano yesterday.You must do your homework first. You________ do your homework first.疑问句知识要点:疑问句的概念及类型疑问句是用于提出疑问的句子。疑问句句末应有问号,疑问句可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句四种。如:Are you a student (一般疑问句) Do you like English (一般疑问句)What are you doing (特殊疑问句)Is your friend a boy or a girl (选择疑问句)You like English,don’t you (反意疑问句)一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。1、句中有be动词的,把be动词提到句首。He is a writer. Is he a writer 2、句中有情态动词的,把情态动词提到句首。(must, may, can,…)I can clean the window. Can you clean the window 句中谓语动词是实意动词,没有be动词am is are,也没有情态动词can may must的,在句首前面加do,does或did,当主语是第三人称单数时,加does,当句子是一般过去时时,加did。 注:相应的实意动词变为原型He likes cows. Does he like cows 三、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why ,how, what time, what colour, how often, how many, how much, how old等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。其基本结构是“疑问词+一般疑问句”将下列句子改为一般疑问句。This is a nice watch. ______ this a nice watch I’m going to the zoo this Saturday. ______ you ______ to the zoo this Saturday Jim can help you with your English. ______ Jim _______ me with my English Lucy looks like Lily. ______ Lucy ______ like Lily I go to school everyday. _____ you _____ to school everyday I played the piano last night. _____ you play the piano last night 二、用适当的特殊疑问词填空。祈使句知识要点:祈使句的概念祈使句是用表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称,但往往省去不用。如:Please be quiet!请安静!Let me help you.让我来帮你吧。Don’t open the door.不要开门。二.祈使句的结构1、祈使句的谓语总是用动词原形,其结构为“动词原形+宾语+其他”。如:Be careful!当心!Have a good trip!旅行愉快!祈使句的否定式为“Don’t+动词原形+其他”。如:Don’t make noise!别吵!Don’t be late again.别再迟到了。突破演练:一、给下列标志选择恰当的英文标志语。 A.No parking B.No smoking C.No fishing D. No drinking E. No photos F. No swimming( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )二、将下列祈使句变为否定句。 1、Give me some apples. _____________________________________________. 2、 Open the window. _____________________________________________.3、Sit under the tree, please. ________________________________________.4、Be late for school. ________________________________________.There be 句型知识要点:一、There be 句型的概念There be 句型指某物存在于某地。There be 句型中的be因名词形式的不同而不同,there is和单数名词或不可数名词连用,there are与复数名词连用。如:There is a book on the desk.桌上有本书。There are some flowers in the vase.花瓶里有花。二、There be 句型的结构1、There be 句型的肯定形式There is/are+主语+地点(介词短语) be动词要与后面的主语在数上保持一致如:There is a TV in the room.There are some books on the desk.There be 句型的否定形式There is/are+not+主语+地点(介词短语)如:There aren’t any students in the classroom.一般疑问句形式:Is/Are there +主语+地点(介词短语)肯定回答为:Yes,there is/are. 否定回答为:No, there isn’t/aren’t.突破演练:一、用恰当的be动词填空 1. There_____ a lot of sweets in the box. 2. There_____ some milk in the glass. 3. There_____ a picture and a map on the wall. 4. There _____lots of flowers in our garden last year.5. There _____four cups of coffee on the table.6.There _____ two books and a pen in my bag.二、根据所给汉语完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _____ a book and two pens on the desk.2. 钱包里有些钱。There ____ some money in the picture.3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____ _____ some cards in Jim’s bag.4. 桌上有一本书吗?_____ _____ a book on the table 现在进行时知识要点:一、现在进行时的概念现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,或过去一段时间到现在持续发生的动作。如:He is doing his homework now.他正在做作业。Listen,they are singing.听,他们在唱歌。现在进行时的结构主语+助动词be+现在分词(-ing形式)+其他成分现在进行时的用法助动词be应随人称的变化而变化。第一人称单数用am,第二人称用are,第三人称人称单数用is,第一、第三人称复数用are。口诀:我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is 练着他她它(he,she,it),单数is,复数are。如:They are listening to the music.I am watching TV now.Peter is playing the piano.现在进行时常与now、at the moment(此刻)、look、listen连用。如:We are reading now.They are talking at the moment.注:be动词之后加动词的-ing形式四、现在分词变化规则规则 原形 -ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ing wash catch washing catching以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing make ride making riding以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个字母,再加-ing sit get sitting getting一般将来时知识要点:一、一般将来时的概念: 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。如:He is going to play football after school.放学后他要去踢足球。I am going to Wuhan tomorrow.我明天去武汉。It will rain this afternoon.今天下午会下雨。二、一般将来时的结构主语+will/be going to+动词原形+其他成分三、一般将来时的用法1、与一般将来时连用的时间状语有tomorrow, next year, next week, in the future, the day after tomorrow等。如:There will be a football game tomorrow.明天将有一场足球赛。We will have a rest next week.下周我们将休息。“will+动词原形”的一般疑问句将助动词will放在句首;“be going to +动词原形”的一般疑问句将be动词放在句首。如:Will you have an English class tomorrow 肯定回答:Yes, I will. 否定回答:No, I will not(won’t).Are they going to have a picnic tomorrow 肯定回答:Yes, they are. 否定回答:No, they aren’t.“will+动词原形”的否定句直接在助动词will后加not;be going to结构直接在be动词后加not.如:I am not going to play football after class.He is not (isn’t) going to swim this afternoon.注:will没有人称和数的变化。Be going to结构中be动词随人称的变化而变化。一般现在时知识要点:一、概念: 一般现在时表示现在、目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯。如:The boy is ill.这男孩病了。My mother teaches English.我妈妈教英语。The sun raises in the east.太阳从东方升起。二、一般现在时的结构主语+谓语动词(动词原形或动词第三人称单数)+其他成分三、一般现在时的用法1、一般现在时常常和always,sometimes,often,usually,never等副词连用。如:He always go to school on foot.他总是步行上学。I often go to school by bike.我经常骑自行车去上学。一般现在时中的动词要随主语(人称)的变化而变化。第一、第二人称单数和所有人称复数做主语时,谓语动词都用原形。但如果主语时第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要变成相应的单数形式。如:I often help my mother.我经常帮助妈妈。My sister often helps my mother.我的妹妹经常帮助我的妈妈。一般现在时的一般疑问句的结构(参考陈述句的变化)一般现在时的否定句的结构(参考陈述句的变化)四、动词第三人称单数形式变化规则情况 变化规则 例词一般情况 +s works, learns, eats, needs, says结尾为s,x,sh,ch,o +es passes, washes, teaches, goes, fixes结尾为辅音字母+y 变y为i+es carries, studies, flies, hurries, cries注:动词be和have的第三人称单数现在式分别是is和has。一般过去时知识要点:一、一般过去时的概念一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如:I wen to Wuhan last month.我上个月去了武汉。He did his homework last night.他昨晚做了家庭作业。二、一般过去时的结构句式结构:主语+动词的过去式+其他成分三、一般过去时的用法1、与一般过去时连用的时间状语有yesterday,this morning,last week/month/year,ago,just now等。如:I watched TV yesterday.我昨天看了电视。一般过去时的一般疑问句在句首加助动词did,谓语动词由原来的过去式变为原形。如:She listened to music last night. Did she listen to music last night 肯定回答:Yes, she did. 否定回答:No,she didn’t.一般过去时的否定句式直接在谓语动词前加助动词didn’t,然后将原来的动词过去式变成原形。如:I played football yesterday. I didn’t play football yesterday.动词过去式的变化规则 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览