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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第02讲 形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级
2023-2024外研版八年级英语寒假作业（预习辅导与自测练习）
【基础知识】
一、比较级和最高级的构成方法
（一）规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和 少数双音节词 一般直接加-er, -est long longer longest
tall taller tallest
以不发音字母e结尾时，加-r, -st late later lastest
large larger largest
以辅音字母加y结尾 时，把y变i，再加 -er, -est easy easier easiest
happy happier happiest
以重读闭音节结尾 且词尾只有一个辅音 字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er, -est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest
多音节词 和部分双 音节词 在原级前加more, most careful beautiful more careful more beautiful most careful most beautiful
(二) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远) further(进一步) farthest（最远） furthest(最大程度)
old older(年纪较大的) elder(较年长的) oldest(年纪最大的) eldest(最年长的)
二、原级的用法
1、说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级
2、有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。
3、原级比较即同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同时或不同时用原级。具体结构如下：
用法 例句
A+系动词/动词+as+原级+as+B,（肯定） 意为“A与B一样……”表示相同或相等（即A=B）. China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia.
A+be/动词+not+so/as+原级+as+B （否定） 意为“A不及B那样……”表示不如或不相等（即A≠B）. I can’t run as fast as my brother.
A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B 意为“A是B的……倍”（常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字+times）。 Our school is twice as large as theirs.
as much/many/……+as，表示前后的数量相同。 John earns an much money as his brother.
as+原级+as+用作比喻的名词 意为“像…一样”，此结构可形成许多习惯用于，多用于口语。 He is as busy as a bee.
三、比较级的用法
(1)由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或副词的比较级。如：It’s even colder today.
(2) 比较级的常见结构有：
A+ be/动词+ 比较级（含more+多音节形容词/副词原级）+than+ B, 表示“A比B…”,即A>B Sam has longer hair than Tom.
The +比较级…, the+ 比较级… 表示 “越…,就越…”. The more books you read, the more widely your mind will open up.
比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越…”. 注意：若为多音节词的比较级，则用“more and more+形容词原级”表示“越来越…” Talent shows are getting more and more popular.
A+be/动词+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数 He did better in math than any other boy in his class.
A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B 表示“A不及B…”,即A表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型： Which/Who +be/动词+比较级，A or B Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao
表示“两者之间较…的一个”时，常用 “the+比较级”of +名词 He is the thinner of the two.
表示“几倍于…”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”结构。 Your room is three times bigger than mine.
四、最高级的用法
1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不加。
2. 最高级常见结构有：
用法 例句
A+be/动词+the+最高级+of/in/among+比较范围 He is the tallest of the three boys. Jim writes(the) most carelessly in his class.
A+be+one of +the+最高级+名词复数 表示“A是…中最…之一”。 He is one of the best players in the school.
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who+be/动词+the+最高级，A，B or C？ Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou
A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围” 表示“第几个最…”。 She is the second tallest girl in our class.
形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但不能再加the I got into a fight with my best friend.
【考点剖析】
考点一： 形容词和副词的原级
1．（2023·广东华侨中学八年级期中）She didn’t do her homework ________ Linda.
A．so carefully as B．so carefully than C．as careful as D．more careful than
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她没有琳达那样认真地做家庭作业。
考查词性辨析和搭配。careful小心的；carefully小心地。根据“She didn’t do her homework … Linda”可知，空格处为副词修饰动词do，排除C和D；“not so...as...”表示“不如……”，是固定搭配。故选A。
2．（2023·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）—Greg, you are so talented in speaking Chinese. Can you also write in Chinese
—Yes, I can, but my writing is ________ my speaking.
A．not as well as B．as well as C．not as good as D．as good as
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Greg，你说中文很有天赋。你也能用中文写作吗？——是的，我可以，但我的写作不如我的口语好。
考查形容词和副词辨析以及形容词原级。根据“Yes, I can, but my writing is...my speaking.”可知会用中文写作，但是写作不如口语好，用结构not as...as“不如……”，此处作be动词的表语用形容词good。故选C。
考点二： 形容词和副词的比较级
3．（2023·河北石家庄·八年级期中）—What does your friend look like now
—Oh, he is much ________ than before.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．too strong
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你朋友现在长什么样子？——噢，他比以前强壮多了。
考查比较级的用法。根据句子中的“than”可知，应该用比较级。故选B。
4．（2023·河北石家庄·八年级期中）My dear, if you want to keep healthy, you should drink ________ coffee and eat ________ fruit.
A．more, more B．more, less C．less, less D．less, more
【答案】D
【详解】句意：亲爱的，如果你想保持健康，你应该少喝咖啡，多吃水果。
考查形容词辨析。more更多的，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词。根据“if you want to keep healthy”及常识可知，要保持健康，应少喝咖啡，多吃水果，故选D。
5．（2023·广东华侨中学八年级期中）________ time you spend on the computer games, ________ your study will be.
A．The more; the worse B．The less; the worse
C．The more; the worst D．The fewer; the worse
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你花在电脑游戏上的时间越多，你的学习就会越差。
考查比较级。the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……，就越……”，排除C选项。time是不可数名词，不能用fewer修饰，排除D选项。结合常识可知，在电脑游戏上花的时间越多，学习就会越差，故选A。
6．（2023·重庆实验外国语学校八年级期中）The trees in our school grow ________, and we all love to have fun under them.
A．tall and tall B．taller and taller C．short and short D．shorter and shorter
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们学校的树长得越来越高，并且我们都喜欢在树下玩。
考查形容词辨析以及形容词比较级。tall高；short矮。根据“we all love to have fun under them”可知此处指树越来越高，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构，即taller and taller。故选B。
考点三： 形容词和副词的最高级
7．（2023·河北石家庄·八年级期中）—Who sings ________, you or your sister
—My sister, but I can dance as well as her.
A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．beautiful D．more beautiful
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——谁唱得更好，你还是你妹妹？——我妹妹，但我舞跳得和她一样好。
考查副词比较级。beautifully优美地，副词；beautiful优美的，形容词。此空修饰动词sing，应填副词，根据“you or your sister”可知，两者之间的比较用比较级，故选B。
8．（2023·广东·广州大学附属中学八年级期中）Xi’an is one of ________ cities in China.
A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful
【答案】D
【详解】句意：西安是中国最漂亮的城市之一。
考查形容词最高级。根据“in China”可知比较范围大于三个，应用形容词的最高级形式，最高级前加the。故符合题意的是D选项。故选D。
9．（2023·重庆南开中学八年级期中）—What do you think of Nelly in the singing competition
—She chose songs ________, but her voice is not ________.
A．most carefully; the most beautiful B．the most carefully; most beautiful
C．most carefully; most beautiful D．the most careful; most beautifully
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你觉得在这场唱歌比赛中的Nelly怎么样？——她选歌最认真，但她的声音却不是最美妙的。
考查形容词和副词最高级的用法。careful认真的；carefully认真地；beautiful出色的，美妙的；beautiful美妙地。根据“She chose songs...”可知，此处表示她选歌最认真，此空应是副词最高级most carefully“最认真地”，修饰动词chose“选择”，且副词最高级前通常不用定冠词the；根据“but her voice is not...”可知，此处表示她的声音却不是最出色的，此空应是形容词最高级the most beautiful“最出色的”，作表语，修饰主语her voice“她的声音”。故选A。
10．（2023·天津·八年级期中）—What is ________ way to travel by plane, ship or train
—It depends on yourself.
A．a good B．a better C．a best D．the best
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—— 旅行的最佳方式是什么，乘飞机、轮船或火车？—— 这取决于你自己。
考查形容词最高级。a good一个好的；a better一个更好的；a best一个很好的，极好的；the best（所有里面）最好的，good的最高级。根据比较范围“by plane, ship or train”可知使用最高级，故选D。
【真题演练】
11．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）— Which do you like better, math or physics
—Both of them are my favorite subjects. I think math is as _________ as physics.
A．interesting B．more interesting C．less interesting D．most interesting
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你更喜欢数学还是物理？——它们都是我最喜欢的科目。我认为数学和物理一样有趣。
考查形容词原级。as...as“和……一样”，中间用形容词原级，故选A。
12．（2023·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Is your hair as ________ as Mary’s
—No, it isn’t. Hers is ________ than mine.
A．long; long B．longer; long C．long; longer
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你的头发和玛丽的一样长吗？——不，不是。她的比我的长。
考查形容词原级和比较级。根据题干和语境，可知第一空是原级作比较，as...as中间要用形容词或副词原级，因此是long；第二空后有比较级标志词than，因此用比较级longer。故选C。
13．（2023·海南·中考真题）—Lucy, I’m poor in English. Could you give me some advice
—You can speak it as ________ as possible.
A．much B．more C．most
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——露西，我的英语很差。你能给我一些建议吗？——你可以尽可能多地说英语。
考查副词原级。much许多；more更多；most最多。as...as之间用形容词/副词原级，much符合，故选A。
14．（2023·西藏·中考真题）The harder you work, the ________ you will be.
A．luckier B．lucky C．luckily D．luck
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你越努力，你就越幸运。
考查比较级。luckier更幸运；lucky幸运的；luckily幸运地；luck运气。本句是“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越……，越……”。故选A。
15．（2023·上海·中考真题）This detective story is _______ than the one I read last night.
A．attractive B．more attractive C．most attractive D．the most attractive
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这篇侦探小说比我昨晚读的那篇更吸引人。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知，此处是比较级，应用形容词attractive的比较级more attractive。故选B。
16．（2023·贵州黔西·中考真题）Of the two math problems, Jacky worked out the ________ one. He gave up the difficult one.
A．more difficult B．most difficult C．easier D．easiest
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在这两道数学题中，杰基解出了较容易的那道。他放弃了难的那个。
考查比较级。more difficult更难的；most difficult最难的；easier更容易的；easiest最容易的。根据“Of the two math problems”可知，两者之间的比较用比较级，排除B和D选项。根据“He gave up the difficult one”可知，放弃了难的，解出更容易那道题，故选C。
17．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）— This song seems ________ these days. It was played everywhere when it came out.
— That’s true. We seldom hear it now.
A．popular B．more popular C．less popular D．the most popular
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这首歌最近好像不太流行了。 它一出来就到处播放。——确实如此。 我们现在很少听到了。
考查形容词比较级。根据“It was played everywhere when it came out.”可知，此处是指歌曲刚出来的时候比现在流行，即最近不太流行了，暗含比较级含义。故选C。
18．（2023·北京·中考真题）After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上了网球课之后，蒂姆比去年强壮多了。
考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级，故选B。
19．（2023·山东济南·中考真题）Although Lingling studies online at home, she studies ________ than before.
A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest
【答案】B
【详解】句意：虽然玲玲在家在线学习，但她比以前学习更努力了。
考查副词比较级。根据“than”可知，此处用副词比较级，故选B。
20．（2023·江西·中考真题）—Who do you think will win the race, Bob or Tom
—It must be Bob. I think he runs ________.
A．faster B．fastest C．more slowly D．most slowly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你认为谁会赢得比赛，鲍勃还是汤姆？——一定是鲍勃。我认为他跑得更快。
考查副词比较级。faster更块地；fastest最快地；more slowly更慢地；most slowly最慢地。根据“Who do you think will win the race, Bob or Tom ”可知是鲍勃和汤姆之间作比较，用比较级，想要赢得比赛要跑得更快，用faster。故选A。
21．（2023·重庆·中考真题）Roy is a great dancer. He dances ________ than others.
A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．less beautifully D．most beautifully
【答案】B
【详解】句意：罗伊是个很棒的舞者。他比别人舞跳得漂亮。
考查副词的比较级。根据“than”可知，此处用副词beautifully的比较级，结合“Roy is a great dancer.”可知，他是好的舞者，所以跳得更好。故选B。
22．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—What’s the second ________ river in China
—The Yellow River.
A．longer B．the longer C．longest D．the longest
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——中国第二长的河流是什么？——黄河。
考查形容词最高级的用法。此处给出范围“in China”，用最高级，the second longest“第二长的”，故选C。
23．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Good news! The Chinese women football team came first in the 2023 Asian Cup.
—Exactly. The final is ________ one I have ever seen.
A．a less amazing B．the most amazing C．a more amazing D．the least amazing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——好消息！中国女足在2023年亚洲杯中获得第一名。——确实。决赛是我见过的最精彩的比赛。
考查形容词最高级。根据“The final is...one I have ever seen.”可知，此处应使用最高级，排除AC；根据“Good news”可知，是好事。故选B。
24．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Swimming in the river is one of ________ dangerous actions, so teenagers mustn’t go swimming in the river alone.
A．more B．most C．the most
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在河里游泳是最危险的行为之一，所以青少年禁止单独去河里游泳。
考查形容词最高级。根据“Swimming in the river is one of ... dangerous actions”可知此处用“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，dangerous的最高级most dangerous。故选C。
25．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）Zhao Chen ran ________ of all the students at the sports meeting.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．less fast
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在这次运动会上，赵晨是所有学生中跑得最快的。
考查最高级。fast快速地，副词原级；faster更快地，副词比较级；fastest最快地，副词最高级；less fast没那么快。根据“of all the students”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，故选C。
26．（2023·福建·中考真题）—Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．most beautifully
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我们班在学校歌唱比赛中表现很棒。——是的，在所有人中，你唱得最出色。
考查最高级。动词“sang”用副词修饰，根据“of all”，可知是最高级，表达“所有人中最出色”，用副词最高级“most beautifully”。故选C。
【过关检测】
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
27．（2023·青海·西宁市教育科学研究院八年级期末）The talent show is as ________ (interest) as the game show. I like both.
【答案】interesting
【详解】句意：才艺表演和游戏表演一样有趣。我都喜欢。interest“兴趣”。根据“The talent show is as”和“as”可知，空格处应用形容词原级作表语，表示“与……一样有趣”，根据“The talent show”可知，“有趣的”的英文表达为interesting。故填interesting。
28．（2021·广东·广州大学附属中学八年级单元测试）Try to be as _______ (friend) as you can to your classmates.
【答案】friendly
【详解】句意：尽量对你的同学友好。be动词后接形容词，as ... as之间用形容词原级，friend的形容词形式friendly，意为“友好的”。故填friendly。
29．Sam isn’t as ________ (healthy) as his brother. But he wants to be ________(healthy) than his brother.
【答案】 healthy healthier
【详解】句意：萨姆不像他哥哥一样健康。但是他想要比他哥哥更健康。healthy“健康的”，是形容词，第一空作为系动词isn’t的表语，用形容词，as+形容词原级+as表示“和/像……一样……”，用形容词的原级；第二空根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故填healthy；healthier。
30．（2023·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学八年级期中）Streets will be much ________ (crowd) in the future.
【答案】more crowded
【详解】句意：将来街道会更加拥挤。be动词后接形容词作表语，crowd的形容词形式crowded，意为“拥挤的”，much后接其比较级more crowded。故填more crowded。
31．（2023·江苏·扬州市梅岭中学八年级期末）It’s ________ today than yesterday. What about going on a picnic this afternoon (sun)
【答案】sunnier
【详解】句意：今天比昨天更晴朗。今天下午去野餐怎么样？此空为形容词作表语，根据than可知，此空用形容词的比较级，sun的形容词为sunny，比较级为sunnier。故填sunnier。
32．（2023·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）Beijing is much ________ (busy) than Wuxi.
【答案】busier
【详解】句意：北京比无锡繁忙得多。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，busy的比较级为busier“更加忙碌的”。故填busier。
33．（2023·重庆巴蜀中学八年级期中）The harder we work, the ______ (success) we will be.
【答案】more successful
【详解】句意：我们越努力，我们就越成功。success成功，名词；分析句子结构可知，空处应为形容词作该句表语；successful成功的，形容词；“the+比较级...the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，故空处应为形容词的比较级。故填more successful。
34．（2023·重庆实验外国语学校八年级期中）The room in the hotel was awful, but the food was even ________(bad).
【答案】worse
【详解】句意：旅馆里的房间很糟糕，但食物却更糟。此空为形容词作表语。根据even可知，此空用形容词比较级。bad的比较级为worse。故填worse。
35．（2023·重庆南开中学八年级期中）Who is ________ (thin), Alice or Ann
【答案】thinner
【详解】句意：谁比较瘦，爱丽丝还是安？根据“Alice or Ann”，可知是两者比较，用形容词比较级thinner。故填thinner。
36．（2023·山东济南·八年级期中）I am pretty healthy, but my friend Tom is ________ (healthy) than me.
【答案】healthier
【详解】句意：我很健康，但我的朋友汤姆比我更健康。is后接形容词作表语，根据“than”可知，此处填形容词比较级形式。故填healthier。
37．（2023·重庆·西南大学附中八年级期中）After trying paragliding, I felt the trip was ________ (enjoy) than that I had before.
【答案】more enjoyable
【详解】句意：在尝试滑翔伞运动后，我感觉这趟旅行比以往更愉快。根据“After trying paragliding, I felt the trip was...(enjoy) than that I had before.”可知，该句是含有宾语从句“the trip was...(enjoy) than that I had before”的复合句，宾语从句的主语为the trip“这趟旅行”，was“是”为其系动词，此空后应填入形容词，作从句的表语，且此空后有than“比”，所以此空应用enjoy的形容词比较级形式more enjoyable“更愉快的”。故填more enjoyable。
38．（2023·广东深圳·八年级期中）Jack is ________ (good) than Tim at doing this job.
【答案】better
【详解】句意：杰克做这项工作比蒂姆好。good“好的”，形容词作表语，“than”前用其比较级。故填better。
39．（2023·广东·广州市第七中学八年级期中）If you still don’t understand the meaning of this sentence, please ask the teacher for ________ (far) explanation.
【答案】further
【详解】句意：如果你还是不明白这句话的意思，请要求老师进一步解释。根据“If you still don’t understand the meaning of this sentence”可推出不明白可以让老师进一步解释，用far的比较级further表示“更进一步的”。故填further。
40．（2023·吉林长春·八年级期末）It’s bad for Tom to stay up late and sleep ________ (little) than six hours every night.
【答案】less
【详解】句意：对汤姆来说，熬夜，每晚睡眠不足6小时是不好的。根据than可知，此空应填比较级，little的比较级是less，故填less。
41．Which goes _____ (slowly), Tom or Jim
【答案】more slowly
【详解】句意：汤姆和吉姆，哪个走得更慢？slowly“慢地”，副词原级。根据“Which goes”可知，空格处应填一个副词修饰“goes”，由“Tom or Jim”可知，此处表示两者作比较，故应用比较级，slowly的比较级为more slowly。故填more slowly。
42．Lily gets up _____ (early) than Lucy.
【答案】earlier
【详解】句意：Lily比Lucy起床早。early“提早”，副词修饰动作“gets up”，“than”前用其比较级earlier。故填earlier。
43．（2021·江苏·射阳县第六中学八年级期中）In my class, nobody knows ________ about Chinese history than Jack.(much)
【答案】more
【详解】句意：在我们班里，没有人比Jack更了解中国历史。根据语境和“than”可知，空格处应用much的比较级more。故填more。
44．（2023·江苏·南京师范大学附属中学江宁分校八年级阶段练习）The ________ (hard) you practice, the more you will get.
【答案】harder
【详解】句意：你越努力练习，得到的就会越多。根据“the more”可知此处应用“The+副词的较级……，the+比较级……”结构，副词hard的比较级为harder。故填harder。
45．（2023·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学八年级期中）We went to the ________ (bad) restaurant last night. The menu had only three dishes.
【答案】worst
【详解】句意：我们昨晚去了最糟糕的餐厅。菜单上只有三道菜。由空前的定冠词the可知，此处要用形容词最高级；bad的最高级为worst，表示“最糟糕的”。故填worst。
46．（2023·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）Shanghai is one of ________ (popular) places to go travelling.
【答案】the most popular
【详解】句意：上海是最受欢迎的旅游胜地之一。one of+the+最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”。popular的最高级是most popular“最受欢迎的”。故填the most popular。
47．（2023·上海同济大学附属存志学校八年级期中）China in Tang Dynasty was one of the ________ countries in the world. (power)
【答案】most powerful
【详解】句意：唐朝的中国是世界上最强大的国家之一。“one of the 形容词最高级+名词复数+范围”表示“最……之一”。power为名词，形容词为powerful，最高级为most powerful。故填most powerful。
48．（2023·重庆·西南大学附中八年级期中）To my mind, Spirited Away by a famous Japanese cartoonist is ________ (create) among the cartoons that I have watched.
【答案】the most creative
【详解】句意：在我看过的动画片中，日本著名漫画家的《千与千寻》是最有创意的一部。根据“among the cartoons that I have watched”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，形容词最高级前加冠词the，create的形容词形式creative，意为“有创造性的”，其最高级most creative。故填the most creative。
49．（2023·山东·济南市槐荫区教育教学研究中心八年级期中）Wanda Cinema is the best because it has _________ (big) seats in our city.
【答案】the biggest
【详解】句意：万达电影院是最好的，因为它拥有我们城市最大的座位。根据“in our city”可知比较范围大，是最高级的标志；big是形容词，其最高级前必须加定冠词the。故填the biggest。
50．（2023·广东深圳·八年级期末）Who is ________ (confident) person in your class I believe he or she looks handsome.
【答案】the most confident
【详解】句意：谁是你们班上最自信的人？我相信他或她看起来很帅。根据in your class “在你们班上”可知，三者意思比较，用最高级the most confident“最自信的”。confident自信的，形容词。故填the most confident。
51．Paper is one of the most important ________. (invent)
【答案】inventions
【详解】句意：纸是最重要的发明之一。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，结合“Paper”可知，纸是一项发明，invention“发明”，故填inventions。
52．This is the _____ useful of the four books. (little)
【答案】least
【详解】句意：这是四本书中最无用的一本。根据“the four books”可知，是四本书。结合句意，空前是the，所以空处填useful的最高级，根据汉语提示，little要变成least，“the least useful”最无用的。故填least。
53．Who goes to bed _____ (late) Jim, Tom or Jack
【答案】the latest
【详解】句意：谁最晚上床睡觉，吉姆，汤姆还是杰克？根据句意和所给词汇可知，此处表示谁最晚上床睡觉，空处应填“the+最高级”，“late”“迟的”最高级是“latest”“最迟的”。故填the latest。
54．（2023·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学八年级期中）Who can sing songs ________ (beautiful) in your class
【答案】most beautifully/the most beautifully
【详解】句意：你们班谁唱歌最动听？分析句子结构可知要用副词修饰动词“sing”，beautiful的副词形式beautifully；根据“in your class”可知用副词最高级，beautifully的最高级most beautifully，副词最高级前可加the也可不加the。故填(the) most beautifully。
55．She works _______ (careful) in her school.
【答案】(the) most carefully
【详解】句意：在她的学校她工作是最认真地。此空修饰动词“work”，因此需用“careful”的副词“carefully”；后面“in her school”表示范围，因此需用副词的最高级“the most carefully”，副词最高级中“the”可以省略。故填(the) most carefully。
56．Ma Tao runs the second ________ (fast) in his class.
【答案】fastest
【详解】句意：马涛在班上跑得第二快。根据second...in his class.”可知此处是三者以上的比较，应用最高级，故填fastest。
57．John jumps the second ________ (far) in his class.
【答案】farthest##furthest
【详解】句意：约翰在班上跳得第二远。far“远”，在句中作副词；根据“the second…in his class”可知，表示他跳得第二远，是“the+序数词+最高级”的结构，far的最高级是farthest/furthest。故填farthest/furthest。
58．Of all the subjects, I did ________ (badly) in math.
【答案】worst##the worst
【详解】句意：所有的科目中，我数学成绩最差。根据“Of all subjects”可知，用badly的最高级worst，副词最高级前可以加定冠词the，也可以不加the。故填worst/the worst。
59．Tom acted the _____ (well) in that movie. I think he’s much ______ (good) than the other actors. He can always find the ______________ (interesting) roles to play.
【答案】 best better most interesting
【详解】句意：汤姆在那部电影里演得最好。我认为他比其他演员好多了。他总是能找到最有趣的角色来扮演。第一个空，根据表示范围的短语in that movie可知，应使用最高级形式，well的最高级是best；第二个空根据than可知应用比较级形式，good的比较级是better，much修饰比较级；第三个空，前面有定冠词the可知这里应用形容词的最高级，interesting的最高级是most interesting；故答案填(1). best (2). better (3). most interesting.
60．John has only half an hour for his hobbies at ____________ (much).
【答案】most
【详解】句意：约翰的业余爱好最多只有半个小时。at most“最多”的意思。故答案为most。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第02讲 形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级
2023-2024外研版八年级英语寒假作业（预习辅导与自测练习）
【基础知识】
一、比较级和最高级的构成方法
（一）规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和 少数双音节词 一般直接加-er, -est long longer longest
tall taller tallest
以不发音字母e结尾时，加-r, -st late later lastest
large larger largest
以辅音字母加y结尾 时，把y变i，再加 -er, -est easy easier easiest
happy happier happiest
以重读闭音节结尾 且词尾只有一个辅音 字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er, -est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest
多音节词 和部分双 音节词 在原级前加more, most careful beautiful more careful more beautiful most careful most beautiful
(二) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill worse worst
little less least
far farther(较远) further(进一步) farthest（最远） furthest(最大程度)
old older(年纪较大的) elder(较年长的) oldest(年纪最大的) eldest(最年长的)
二、原级的用法
1、说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级
2、有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。
3、原级比较即同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同时或不同时用原级。具体结构如下：
用法 例句
A+系动词/动词+as+原级+as+B,（肯定） 意为“A与B一样……”表示相同或相等（即A=B）. China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia.
A+be/动词+not+so/as+原级+as+B （否定） 意为“A不及B那样……”表示不如或不相等（即A≠B）. I can’t run as fast as my brother.
A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B 意为“A是B的……倍”（常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字+times）。 Our school is twice as large as theirs.
as much/many/……+as，表示前后的数量相同。 John earns an much money as his brother.
as+原级+as+用作比喻的名词 意为“像…一样”，此结构可形成许多习惯用于，多用于口语。 He is as busy as a bee.
三、比较级的用法
(1)由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或副词的比较级。如：It’s even colder today.
(2) 比较级的常见结构有：
A+ be/动词+ 比较级（含more+多音节形容词/副词原级）+than+ B, 表示“A比B…”,即A>B Sam has longer hair than Tom.
The +比较级…, the+ 比较级… 表示 “越…,就越…”. The more books you read, the more widely your mind will open up.
比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越…”. 注意：若为多音节词的比较级，则用“more and more+形容词原级”表示“越来越…” Talent shows are getting more and more popular.
A+be/动词+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数 He did better in math than any other boy in his class.
A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B 表示“A不及B…”,即A表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型： Which/Who +be/动词+比较级，A or B Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao
表示“两者之间较…的一个”时，常用 “the+比较级”of +名词 He is the thinner of the two.
表示“几倍于…”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”结构。 Your room is three times bigger than mine.
四、最高级的用法
1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不加。
2. 最高级常见结构有：
用法 例句
A+be/动词+the+最高级+of/in/among+比较范围 He is the tallest of the three boys. Jim writes(the) most carelessly in his class.
A+be+one of +the+最高级+名词复数 表示“A是…中最…之一”。 He is one of the best players in the school.
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who+be/动词+the+最高级，A，B or C？ Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou
A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围” 表示“第几个最…”。 She is the second tallest girl in our class.
形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但不能再加the I got into a fight with my best friend.
【考点剖析】
考点一： 形容词和副词的原级
1．（2023·广东华侨中学八年级期中）She didn’t do her homework ________ Linda.
A．so carefully as B．so carefully than C．as careful as D．more careful than
2．（2023·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）—Greg, you are so talented in speaking Chinese. Can you also write in Chinese
—Yes, I can, but my writing is ________ my speaking.
A．not as well as B．as well as C．not as good as D．as good as
考点二： 形容词和副词的比较级
3．（2023·河北石家庄·八年级期中）—What does your friend look like now
—Oh, he is much ________ than before.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．too strong
4．（2023·河北石家庄·八年级期中）My dear, if you want to keep healthy, you should drink ________ coffee and eat ________ fruit.
A．more, more B．more, less C．less, less D．less, more
5．（2023·广东华侨中学八年级期中）________ time you spend on the computer games, ________ your study will be.
A．The more; the worse B．The less; the worse
C．The more; the worst D．The fewer; the worse
6．（2023·重庆实验外国语学校八年级期中）The trees in our school grow ________, and we all love to have fun under them.
A．tall and tall B．taller and taller C．short and short D．shorter and shorter
考点三： 形容词和副词的最高级
7．（2023·河北石家庄·八年级期中）—Who sings ________, you or your sister
—My sister, but I can dance as well as her.
A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．beautiful D．more beautiful
8．（2023·广东·广州大学附属中学八年级期中）Xi’an is one of ________ cities in China.
A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful
9．（2023·重庆南开中学八年级期中）—What do you think of Nelly in the singing competition
—She chose songs ________, but her voice is not ________.
A．most carefully; the most beautiful B．the most carefully; most beautiful
C．most carefully; most beautiful D．the most careful; most beautifully
10．（2023·天津·八年级期中）—What is ________ way to travel by plane, ship or train
—It depends on yourself.
A．a good B．a better C．a best D．the best
【真题演练】
11．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）— Which do you like better, math or physics
—Both of them are my favorite subjects. I think math is as _________ as physics.
A．interesting B．more interesting C．less interesting D．most interesting
12．（2023·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Is your hair as ________ as Mary’s
—No, it isn’t. Hers is ________ than mine.
A．long; long B．longer; long C．long; longer
13．（2023·海南·中考真题）—Lucy, I’m poor in English. Could you give me some advice
—You can speak it as ________ as possible.
A．much B．more C．most
14．（2023·西藏·中考真题）The harder you work, the ________ you will be.
A．luckier B．lucky C．luckily D．luck
15．（2023·上海·中考真题）This detective story is _______ than the one I read last night.
A．attractive B．more attractive C．most attractive D．the most attractive
16．（2023·贵州黔西·中考真题）Of the two math problems, Jacky worked out the ________ one. He gave up the difficult one.
A．more difficult B．most difficult C．easier D．easiest
17．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）— This song seems ________ these days. It was played everywhere when it came out.
— That’s true. We seldom hear it now.
A．popular B．more popular C．less popular D．the most popular
18．（2023·北京·中考真题）After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest
19．（2023·山东济南·中考真题）Although Lingling studies online at home, she studies ________ than before.
A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest
20．（2023·江西·中考真题）—Who do you think will win the race, Bob or Tom
—It must be Bob. I think he runs ________.
A．faster B．fastest C．more slowly D．most slowly
21．（2023·重庆·中考真题）Roy is a great dancer. He dances ________ than others.
A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．less beautifully D．most beautifully
22．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—What’s the second ________ river in China
—The Yellow River.
A．longer B．the longer C．longest D．the longest
23．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Good news! The Chinese women football team came first in the 2023 Asian Cup.
—Exactly. The final is ________ one I have ever seen.
A．a less amazing B．the most amazing C．a more amazing D．the least amazing
24．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Swimming in the river is one of ________ dangerous actions, so teenagers mustn’t go swimming in the river alone.
A．more B．most C．the most
25．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）Zhao Chen ran ________ of all the students at the sports meeting.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．less fast
26．（2023·福建·中考真题）—Our class did well in the school singing competition.
—Yes, you sang ________ of all.
A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．most beautifully
【过关检测】
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
27．（2023·青海·西宁市教育科学研究院八年级期末）The talent show is as ________ (interest) as the game show. I like both.
28．（2021·广东·广州大学附属中学八年级单元测试）Try to be as _______ (friend) as you can to your classmates.
29．Sam isn’t as ________ (healthy) as his brother. But he wants to be ________(healthy) than his brother.
30．（2023·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学八年级期中）Streets will be much ________ (crowd) in the future.
31．（2023·江苏·扬州市梅岭中学八年级期末）It’s ________ today than yesterday. What about going on a picnic this afternoon (sun)
32．（2023·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）Beijing is much ________ (busy) than Wuxi.
33．（2023·重庆巴蜀中学八年级期中）The harder we work, the ______ (success) we will be.
34．（2023·重庆实验外国语学校八年级期中）The room in the hotel was awful, but the food was even ________(bad).
35．（2023·重庆南开中学八年级期中）Who is ________ (thin), Alice or Ann
36．（2023·山东济南·八年级期中）I am pretty healthy, but my friend Tom is ________ (healthy) than me.
37．（2023·重庆·西南大学附中八年级期中）After trying paragliding, I felt the trip was ________ (enjoy) than that I had before.
38．（2023·广东深圳·八年级期中）Jack is ________ (good) than Tim at doing this job.
39．（2023·广东·广州市第七中学八年级期中）If you still don’t understand the meaning of this sentence, please ask the teacher for ________ (far) explanation.
40．（2023·吉林长春·八年级期末）It’s bad for Tom to stay up late and sleep ________ (little) than six hours every night.
41．Which goes _____ (slowly), Tom or Jim
42．Lily gets up _____ (early) than Lucy.
43．（2021·江苏·射阳县第六中学八年级期中）In my class, nobody knows ________ about Chinese history than Jack.(much)
44．（2023·江苏·南京师范大学附属中学江宁分校八年级阶段练习）The ________ (hard) you practice, the more you will get.
45．（2023·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学八年级期中）We went to the ________ (bad) restaurant last night. The menu had only three dishes.
46．（2023·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）Shanghai is one of ________ (popular) places to go travelling.
47．（2023·上海同济大学附属存志学校八年级期中）China in Tang Dynasty was one of the ________ countries in the world. (power)
48．（2023·重庆·西南大学附中八年级期中）To my mind, Spirited Away by a famous Japanese cartoonist is ________ (create) among the cartoons that I have watched.
49．（2023·山东·济南市槐荫区教育教学研究中心八年级期中）Wanda Cinema is the best because it has _________ (big) seats in our city.
50．（2023·广东深圳·八年级期末）Who is ________ (confident) person in your class I believe he or she looks handsome.
51．Paper is one of the most important ________. (invent)
52．This is the _____ useful of the four books. (little)
53．Who goes to bed _____ (late) Jim, Tom or Jack
54．（2023·河北·石家庄市第四十二中学八年级期中）Who can sing songs ________ (beautiful) in your class
55．She works _______ (careful) in her school.
56．Ma Tao runs the second ________ (fast) in his class.
57．John jumps the second ________ (far) in his class.
58．Of all the subjects, I did ________ (badly) in math.
59．Tom acted the _____ (well) in that movie. I think he’s much ______ (good) than the other actors. He can always find the ______________ (interesting) roles to play.
60．John has only half an hour for his hobbies at ____________ (much).
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