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江西省广丰金桥学校2023-2024学年高二上学期
1月考试英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the woman’s food taste
A．Salty. B．Hot. C．Sweet.
2．Where are the speakers
A．At a bakery. B．At home. C．At school.
3．What are the speakers doing
A．Buying a map. B．Making a plan. C．Looking for a hotel.
4．What are the speakers talking about
A．A kind of food. B．A history lesson. C．An ancient dynasty.
5．What are the speakers doing
A．Waiting for some food.
B．Ordering dishes in the restaurant.
C．Finding the way to the police station.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What caused bakers to be fined in the past
A．Lack of bags for bread. B．Short weight of bread. C．Small size of bread.
7．How does the man most probably feel now
A．Surprised. B．Regretful. C．Interested.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What is the man doing
A．Checking out.
B．Doing the shopping.
C．Moving house.
9．What do we know about the man
A．He has no sisters.
B．He wants to call a taxi.
C．He took a bottle of water last night.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Who will have a birthday party tomorrow
A．Melina. B．Jack. C．Roy.
11．What color dress does the woman decide to wear
A．Yellow. B．Green. C．Red.
12．What does the woman remind the man to do
A．Arrive early. B．Take the gifts. C．Dress properly.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Who is the man
A．A host. B．A farmer. C．A businessman.
14．Why did the woman start the Food Exchange
A．To save money. B．To avoid wasting food. C．To bring people together.
15．Where is the Food Exchange
A．In a supermarket. B．In a backyard. C．By the roadside.
16．What does the woman bring to the Food Exchange
A．Jam. B．Dried fruit. C．Fresh vegetables.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did Erden probably start his journey
A．In 2007. B．In 2012. C．In 2015.
18．Why didn’t Erden climb all the six highest mountains
A．He was short of money.
B．His health condition was bad.
C．The weather on the mountains was terrible.
19．How did Erden travel around the world most of his time
A．On foot. B．By boat. C．By car.
20．What does Erden want to do right now
A．Plan for more trips. B．Study Spanish. C．Have a rest.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑
A
Inspirational ideas have a habit of striking in the most unforeseen places. For example, dreams operate on the level of stories, making them primary sources of ideas and inspirations. The following are four great ideas created from dreams.
Elias Howe’s sewing machine
In 1895, Elias Howe was struggling with the needle (针) design. One night, he had a dream that some people on an unknown island caught him and were preparing to turn him into a meal. They were dancing around waving their spears (矛) in the air, and then he saw it. The spears had holes at the tip. It helped him solve his problem.
Einstein’s theory of relativity
In his dream , Albert Einstein was talking to a farmer who was telling him about the fenced (被围住的) cows. However, the farmer saw something different from him. When waking up, he realized that a similar event could be different from a different point of view. Through this, the theory of relativity slowly began to fall into place.
Beatles’hit song Yesterday
Yesterday by the famous band Beatles is one of the most covered songs in history . It all came to one of the band members, Paul McCartney, in a dream. One night in 1963 he suddenly woke up with a tune (曲调) in his head. He got up and started playing the notes until the song came into being.
The periodic table
While in his mid - thirties, Dmitri Mendeleev, a known Russian chemist, was struggling to place 56 known elements on a periodic table. Then one night in a dream, he saw a table where all aspects fell into place as called for. When he woke up, he wrote it down on a piece of paper.
21．What inspired Elias Howe to design the needle of sewing machines
A．Spears with holes at the tip. B．A big meal he had in his dream.
C．A talk with the people trapping him. D．The dancing moves of some strangers.
22．Which of the following was inspired by a dream which included a farmer
A．The sewing machine. B．The theory of relativity.
C．The song Yesterday. D．The periodic table.
23．What can be inferred from the four stories
A．A dream can be a wish that your heart makes.
B．Common people can also have great creations.
C．Clever minds never stop thinking in their lives.
D．Great ideas sometimes arise in an unexpected way.
B
People tend to use trees for papermaking. But maybe electronics (电子) engineers are missing out on something here. “It turns out that two major building blocks of wood have a lot of electrical qualities,” says Magnus Berggren, a professor at Link ping University.
His team has been working to make parts for electronics from the forest. Right now, they’re focusing on two materials of trees. The first material is cellulose, which can make energy. Lignin, the second material, can store that energy, just as a battery does. The team has found when pressed, cellulose can produce electricity.
Some device must then store the electricity until it’s needed. Batteries can do this. But batteries aren’t very green. They have harmful materials. That’s where lignin comes in.
Batteries cause electrons to flow from one place to another, which can produce electricity. In a typical battery, one material must give electrons. The other must accept them. Lignin can do both. A weak acid (酸) encourages lignin to produce electrons. “With a metal wire (金属线) to guide those electrons, you’ll have electricity,” says Berggren.
Berggren’s team use this quality to create its new lignin-based battery. Typical batteries use a metal wire as a path to guide the flow of electrons into or out of the device. But since Berggren wants to make a battery of the forest, he looks for a natural way. Once again, he turns to cellulose.
This natural material can serve as a wire-like path for electrons. To make it work well, Berggren lines them with another chemical known as PEDOT, which isn’t from a tree. But when PEDOT is added to cellulose, they can conduct electricity like a wire. “With a weak acid, now you have a battery,” Berggren says. “And two of its three materials come from the forest.”
Berggren can imagine one day having mobile phone batteries made largely from forest products. Tree-based electronics might also be useful in lighting.
24．What is cellulose used to do in the study
A．Act as a weak acid. B．Collect rainwater.
C．Produce electricity. D．Make quality paper.
25．Which best describes the new battery
A．Well-received. B．Eco-friendly. C．Harmful. D．Heavy.
26．What can we expect of tree-based electronics
A．They may change farming practices. B．They might save a lot of wood.
C．They would serve the elderly. D．They could light the rooms.
27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．A Green Way to Make and Store Energy B．An Attempt to Raise Power Production
C．Practical Suggestions on Planting Trees D．Recent Advances in Mobile Phones
C
Driverless taxicabs have been swarming (蜂拥) in the streets in San Francisco, Phoenix and Austin for months, and they’re most likely driving themselves soon to your city. One freaked-out passenger has documented his experience on TikTok, “I was startled by the empty front seats during a ride to a coffee shop!”
The comment of the anxious TikToker reminds historian Victor McFarland of what it was like when cars first hit American streets around a hundred years ago. The pedestrians yelled “Get a horse” to motorists in the 1910s. But McFarland, who teaches at the University of Missouri, says the new beasts known as automobiles were more threatening and unfamiliar to people a century ago than driverless cars are to us now. “Automobiles were frightening to a lot of people at first,” he says. “The early automobiles were noisy, dangerous, had no seatbelts and ran over pedestrians.”
Some people also felt threatened by the freedom and independence newly available to entire classes of people, says Saje Mathieu, a history professor at the University of Minnesota. They included black people whose movements were restricted by Jim Crow Laws (种族歧视法). Cars let them more easily search for everything from better employment to improved healthcare.
Larger concerns today move to numerous laws that can be broken when no one is at the wheel. Who is to blame if a pregnant person takes a driverless car across state lines to obtain an abortion, for example Or when driverless cars transport illegal drugs
And back then, like now, Mathieu adds, there were concerns about the future of certain jobs. Once we were worried about Teamsters, who then drove teams of horses, being out of work. Truckers today fear that they might soon compete with driverless vehicles in their own dedicated lanes.
“You can’t have congestion-free driving just because you constantly build roads,” observes history professor Peter Norton of the University of Virginia. Now, he says, is an excellent time to learn from what did not work in the past. “It doesn’t automatically get safe just because you have cutting-edge tech.” Such advanced tech even terrified one TikToker taking a driverless cab in Phoenix last Friday. “We’re making a left-hand turn without using the left-hand turn lane!”
Are these devilish machines going to change the face of the world Maybe they won’t add to the beauty of the world, but they have come, and almost all outward things are going to be different because of what they bring.
And now that they drive themselves, historians say, we need to remember that the world and the streets belongs to us and not to the cars. We need to stay behind the wheel, even if that’s only a figure of speech.
28．Why did pedestrians shout “Get a horse” in the 1910s
A．They wanted to own a horse themselves. B．They had pity on the poor horses.
C．They tried to warn motorists of danger. D．They disapproved of automobiles.
29．What is a concern about the rise of driverless cars today
A．It brings gray areas in responsibility. B．It favors a certain socioeconomic group.
C．It weakens competition in certain jobs. D．It makes car driving a lost art.
30．What is suggested regarding driverless cars
A．Exploring new technology further.
B．Overcoming worries about driverless cars.
C．Putting humans physically behind the wheel.
D．Building more roads to avoid congestion.
31．What is the best title of the text
A．Driverless Cars: Pioneering a New Era
B．Driverless Cars How Innovations Shape the World
C．Driverless Cars: Bridging the Past and Present
D．Driverless Cars What History Teaches Us
D
Shanya Gill, a 12-year-old middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Society for Science’s annual middle school competition for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, according to a press release from the organization.
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors, and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics and saw how common fires are, Shanya decided that she was going to do something about it. She spent more than a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could prevent the fire. That’s because smoke detectors sense active fires from the smoke in the air, while Shanya’s thermal imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
Her complex system has two parts, a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer. The device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message alert.
Creating the prototype (原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the coding. “I had two designs, and the final device succeeded because it outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy.” Shanya wants to bring the costs down to $60 to make it even more affordable than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem and tried hard to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera, president and CEO of Society for Science. Her remarkable research not only reflects her talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.
32．What inspired Shanya to design the fire detection system
A．A neighbor's burnt kitchen.
B．A report on Washington Post.
C．A terrible restaurant experience.
D．A horrible fire in her community.
33．How can Shanya’s fire detection system help prevent fire
A．By having people updated.
B．By sending a warning mail.
C．By controlling the water tap.
D．By putting out a heat source.
34．Why did the final device succeed
A．It was fast and precise.
B．It was cheap and simple.
C．It was complex and unique.
D．It was affordable and convenient.
35．What may Ajmera agree
A．Teenagers are the architect of the future.
B．A problem is a chance to bring out the best.
C．The thirst for knowledge is a never-ending one.
D．The best way to predict the future is to create it.
Have you ever taken photos by using mobile phones with selfie sticks (自拍杆) 36
However, a pair of US artists from New Mexico, Aric Snee and Jutin Crowe believe they have invented a better one and they call it “selfie arm”. 37 It makes those people in the pictures to be holding hands with a loved one.
The pair say it offers a far better experience than using a straight stick. The selfie arm makes people feel they are not alone when they take photos. 38 They think their invention solve the main problem that the selfie stick has— people look alone while they are taking pictures of themselves with great interests. The product, at present, just an art project and a model, conveniently provides you a welcoming arm. 39 The pair say they are fascinated by these new ideas.
The “selfie arm” is made of fiberglass. 40
The project that they work on show the growing selfie stick phenomenon (现象) directly and the increasing need for narcissism (自恋) and Internet agreement.
A．This new invention is a small, useful, and clever-designed tool.
B．And better yet in the future, it’ll take in a friendly way and never get angry or upset.
C．It seems that they are together with their friends.
D．For better or worse, they have taken the world by storm.
E．It is lightweight and easy-taking.
F．Thousands of “selfie arms” have been made.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
Heman Bekele was not a typical high school student. 41 spending his free time playing video games, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a 42 that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who 43 it.
Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa, Heman 44 saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside. He didn’t 45 much of it when he was really little. But as he 46 , he realized how serious skin cancer really was.
Skin cancer does have cures and it is 47 in most cases. However, the average 48 of skin cancer treatment is almost $40,000. When hearing the shocking 49 , Heman planned to create a more 50 and accessible solution. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project.
His 51 won him the prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge, a competition that 52 kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems. Heman was so surprised and 53 when he first heard the news of his award. “It’s 54 to see that my ideas can be 55 and seen by the science community,” he said.
41．A．Due to B．As for C．Rather than D．Regardless of
42．A．website B．product C．hospital D．school
43．A．invests B．promotes C．approves D．needs
44．A．constantly B．rarely C．objectively D．fortunately
45．A．lose B．think C．use D．report
46．A．walked in B．turned up C．grew up D．gave in
47．A．preventable B．complex C．deadly D．treatable
48．A．price B．speed C．wage D．life
49．A．news B．figure C．secret D．sound
50．A．temporary B．peaceful C．affordable D．possible
51．A．speech B．honesty C．plan D．work
52．A．reminds B．encourages C．warns D．orders
53．A．overjoyed B．embarrassed C．frightened D．annoyed
54．A．puzzling B．disappointing C．inspiring D．tiring
55．A．protected B．permitted C．guided D．recognized
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an 56 (entire) soft robot -- the “Octobot”.
57 (describe) in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more intelligent robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration than the traditional ones. “The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve 58 a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots,” the study’s authors wrote.
Researchers 59 (work) on building soft robots for decades. They’ve taken 60 (inspire) from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.
However, creating a completely soft robot 61 (remain) a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮) body, 62 is still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.
“ 63 soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds a great promise for several applications, such as search-rescue operations and explorations,” Barbara Mazzolai of Technology, Center for Micro-Bio Robotics, wrote in 64 comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to 65 (improve) wellness and quality of life.”
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66．时下，很多学生有手机。为此，某英报社在你校组织了一场讨论，讨论的主题是：中学生是否有必些要有手机。假如你是李华，清你根据下列表格提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观介绍讨论的情况，然后发表你的观点。
大多数学生同意 大多数老师反对
理由 1. 方便跟家长和同学联系； 2. 便于发短信和拍照； 3. 是一种时尚。 1. 有手机学生易于分散精力； 2. 中学生不能自控，用手机玩游戏、发短信和拍照，浪费时间； 3. 手机有辐射，对健康有害。
注意：1. 短文的开头已给出；
2. 词数不少于80。
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we carried out on whether it is necessary for middle school students to have mobile phones.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our science teacher always enjoys giving out challenging assignments to our Grade 10 science class. Unlike other teachers who hand out page upon page of textbook questions, Mr. Hussey seems to prefer having the students learn science through a more hands-on, do-it-yourself approach.
“Today, ”said Mr. Hussey, “everyone will be making an icebox!”As we sat in awe, trying to imagine what kind of device he was referring to, Mr. Hussey handed out the project instructions. In groups of two, we would design a storage (贮藏) device that was capable of keeping its contents at a constant temperature for a certain period of time, regardless of the outside temperature. The competition was quite straightforward：every contestant would receive a cube (立方体) of ice. The team that had the biggest piece left the next day would win!
As always, I partnered with my best friend, Vlad. That afternoon we went straight to the library. After an intense discussion, we agreed on the basic idea of having the ice cube inside a box, which would be put inside another bigger box. Between the two boxes would be the heat insulator (绝缘体).
The first test of the icebox was extremely disappointing. Since this was our first experiment, we both wanted good results to build our confidence. Before I went to bed that night, I carefully picked out a huge block of ice from our refrigerator and placed it inside the icebox. When I woke up the next morning and looked into the icebox, there wasn’t even a bit of ice left. Reflecting on this failure, we were determined to find a better insulating material. Then we tried the same experiment again. This time, we made it. There was 70 percent of the ice left.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The day of the competition came very fast.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, everybody rushed towards these works of art.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
1．B
【原文】M: Can you pass me the salt and pepper, please My food doesn’t taste very good. It has no taste. How’s yours
W: It’s OK. It’s just a little hot.
2．B
【原文】M: Mom, I love all these cupcakes with different flavors. They taste so yummy.
W: Glad you like them. You can take some to school tomorrow. Now, go wash your hands. Your dad is waiting for us in the dining room.
M: Okay, Mom.
3．B
【原文】W: If we visit the Tower of London this afternoon, we can see Buckingham Palace tomorrow.
M: There are a few other places I’d like to visit before we leave. Let’s look at the map in the hotel and plan our trip.
4．A
【原文】W: What are you eating, Henry
M: I’m eating some Soup Buns. They’re a kind of traditional Chinese food.
W: Do they have a long history in China
M: Yes. They became very popular as early as the Northern Song Dynasty.
5．A
【原文】M: I think he’s lost. We ordered the food over an hour ago.
W: Impossible! I told them we live next to the police station. The directions are very clear.
M: If he doesn’t arrive soon, I am going to go to the restaurant myself.
6．B 7．B
【原文】W: How many eggs come in a dozen
M: A dozen is 12.
W: Really I thought it was 13 but thinking about it now, it wouldn’t make sense for the box to have an uneven number of spaces.
M: There is something called a baker’s dozen. Along time ago, giving a smaller amount of bread than a person paid for was illegal. So then bakers began to put one extra piece in their bags so they would not be fined.
W: Wow! That is interesting! How do you know so much about old bakers
M: My grandfather owned a bakery. He made bread all the time! It was so delicious.
W: That does sound delicious. Do you know how to bake bread
M: No, I wish I had learned properly. My grandfather tried to show me once, but I was too young to understand.
8．A 9．C
【原文】W: Good morning, sir.
M: Good morning. Can I have my bills, please It’s room 125. I’m leaving now.
W: Did you have anything last night From the minibar
M: Yes, I took a bottle of mineral water.
W: OK. Here are your bills. How would you like to pay
M: I’d like to pay by credit card.
W: Okay. You can sign here. Would you like me to call a taxi for you
M: No, thanks. My sister will drive me home.
W: Do you need any help with your luggage
M: No, don’t bother.
10．B 11．A 12．B
【原文】M: Melina, Jack and his twin brother will celebrate their 18th birthdays tomorrow.
W: Yeah. Well, I have no idea what to wear tomorrow.
M: Didn’t you buy a new red dress last week You’d look good in red.
W: Oh, come on, Roy. That dress will attract much attention.
M: I remember you also have a green dress and a yellow one.
W: Hmm, the green one is a bit old. I’ll wear the yellow one. By the way, have you prepared the gifts
M: Of course. A watch for Jack and a pair of shoes for his brother.
W: That’s great. But remember to take them with you tomorrow. You always forget things.
M: You can be confident that I won’t forget it. The party will start at 10:00 in the morning. We’d better arrive there an hour early.
13．A 14．B 15．C 16．A
【原文】M: Welcome to today’s program. We have Lisa Gaye with us. Good morning, Lisa.
W: Morning, everyone!
M: Your Food Exchange really takes our town by storm these days, Lisa. About 1,000 people in town have joined it. Where did you get this brilliant idea
W: Well, my neighbor has plenty of vegetables in her backyard. She often shares them with me, or they may go bad. So, I came up with the idea of starting a food exchange. In this way, people can share food with each other. No food will go to waste.
M: Nice one! We’ve heard that the Food Exchange was built by the roadside, right
W: Yeah. Actually, it’s just a simple wooden stand. People bring their home-grown vegetables and fruits there and take home what they want. And they’re expected to post a video or some photos on their social media. Thus, others know what has been added or taken.
M: What about those people who don’t grow anything
W: Ha-ha, I’m one of those people. I usually take some fresh fruit, jam or dried vegetables there.
17．A 18．A 19．B 20．C
【原文】M: In July 2012, an American man named Erden Eruc completed a 5-year journey, becoming the first person ever to travel all the way around the world with no help of cars or trains. All he used was his own arms and legs, to cycle, row and walk around the world. His plan before beginning the trip was to climb the six highest mountains on earth. The weather on the mountains was terrible but it didn’t stop him. However, he was only able to climb three of them, not because of his health condition, but for money problems. Erden spent most of his time on the trip in his boat. Being alone on the sea for that much time was not at all easy, but he kept busy by listening to music and studying Spanish. He took dried food with him and had a water machine to make fresh water out of seawater. However, it only worked on sunny days. Erden is sure he will take more trips one day. But at the moment all he wants to do is rest and spend time with his wife Nancy.
21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个做梦启发的伟大发明。
21．细节理解题。根据Elias Howe’s sewing machine 中“The spears had holes at the tip. It helped him solve his problem.(矛的尖端有洞。这帮他解决了问题)”可知，那些尖端上有洞的长矛给了Elias Howe设计针的灵感。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据Einstein’s theory of relativity 中“In his dream, Albert Einstein was talking to a farmer who was telling him about the fenced (被围住的) cows. However, the farmer saw something different from him. When waking up, he realized that a similar event could be different from a different point of view. Through this, the theory of relativity slowly began to fall into place.(在他的梦里，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦正在和一个农夫谈话，农夫正在给他讲围栏里的奶牛。然而，农夫从他身上看到了一些不同的东西。醒来后，他意识到，从不同的角度来看，类似的事件可能会有所不同。通过这一过程，相对论开始慢慢成形)”可知，爱因斯坦梦中的那个农民让其意识到，从不同的角度来看，类似的事件可能会有所不同，这促成了相对论的形成。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Inspirational ideas have a habit of striking in the most unforeseen places. For example, dreams operate on the level of stories, making them primary sources of ideas and inspirations. The following are four great ideas created from dreams.(鼓舞人心的想法总是在最意想不到的地方出现。例如，梦在故事的层面上运作，使它们成为想法和灵感的主要来源。下面是四个从梦中产生的伟大想法)”并结合全文内容例子，这篇文章通过四个实例说明伟大的想法有时会以出人意料的方式出现。故选D项。
24．C 25．B 26．D 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了利用森林产品制作电子产品的科技新闻，介绍了研究人员利用木材中的纤维素和木质素，开发出新的基于木质素的电池，并探讨了这种电池的原理和未来应用前景。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The first material is cellulose, which can make energy. Lignin, the second material, can store that energy, just as a battery does. The team has found when pressed, cellulose can produce electricity. (第一种材料是纤维素，它可以制造能量。第二种材料木质素可以像电池一样储存能量。研究小组发现，当被挤压时，纤维素可以发电。)”可知，纤维素可以用来发电。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Berggren’s team use this quality to create its new lignin-based battery. Typical batteries use a metal wire as a path to guide the flow of electrons into or out of the device. But since Berggren wants to make a battery of the forest, he looks for a natural way. Once again, he turns to cellulose.( Berggren的团队利用这种品质创造了新的木质素基电池。典型的电池使用金属线作为引导电子流入或流出设备的路径。但既然Berggren想要用森林做电池，他就寻找一种自然的方式。他再一次转向纤维素。)”可推断出，Berggren的团队所创造的新的电池是环保的。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Tree-based electronics might also be useful in lighting.(基于树木的电子设备可能在照明方面也很有用。)”可知，利用木质纤维素产生的电能可用于照明。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“His team has been working to make parts for electronics from the forest. Right now, they’re focusing on two materials of trees. The first material is cellulose, which can make energy. Lignin, the second material, can store that energy, just as a battery does. The team has found when pressed, cellulose can produce electricity. (他的团队一直致力于用森林制造电子元件。现在，他们专注于两种材料的树木。第一种材料是纤维素，它可以制造能量。第二种材料木质素可以像电池一样储存能量。研究小组发现，当被挤压时，纤维素可以发电。)”以及第三段“Some device must then store the electricity until it’s needed. Batteries can do this. But batteries aren’t very green. They have harmful materials. That’s where lignin comes in. (一些设备必须储存电能，以备不时之需。电池可以做到这一点。但是电池并不是很环保。他们有有害物质。这就是木质素的用武之地。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章要讲述了利用森林产品制作电子产品，尤其是利用木质素制作电池，这种电池既环保又可持续，因此A选项“A Green Way to Make and Store Energy(一种制造和储存能源的绿色方式)”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A。
28．D 29．A 30．B 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要回顾了百年前人们对汽车的态度，由历史照见今日，为今天无人驾驶的兴起带来了启示。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The comment of the anxious TikToker reminds historian Victor McFarland of what it was like when cars first hit American streets around a hundred years ago. The pedestrians yelled “Get a horse” to motorists in the 1910s. But McFarland, who teaches at the University of Missouri, says the new beasts known as automobiles were more threatening and unfamiliar to people a century ago than driverless cars are to us now. (焦虑的Tiktok用户的评论让历史学家维克多·麦克法兰（Victor McFarland）想起了大约一百年前汽车首次出现在美国街头时的样子。在20世纪10年代，行人向驾车者大喊“找匹马来”。但是，在密苏里大学任教的麦克法兰说，一个世纪前，被称为汽车的新野兽对人们来说比现在的无人驾驶汽车更具威胁性和陌生感。)”可知，行人对驾车者吼叫“Get a horse”表明了那是的人们对于汽车这种新事物持否定态度，故选D项。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Larger concerns today move to numerous laws that can be broken when no one is at the wheel. Who is to blame if a pregnant person takes a driverless car across state lines to obtain an abortion, for example Or when driverless cars transport illegal drugs (今天更大的担忧转移到许多法律上，当没有人在方向盘上时，这些法律可能会被打破。例如，如果孕妇乘坐无人驾驶汽车穿越州界进行堕胎，谁应该受到责备？或者当无人驾驶汽车运输非法毒品时？)”可推知，无人驾驶汽车对于某些非法现象在责任归属方面难以界定，产生了责任的灰色地带。故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And now that they drive themselves, historians say, we need to remember that the world and the streets belongs to us and not to the cars. We need to stay behind the wheel, even if that’s only a figure of speech. (历史学家说，现在他们自己开车，我们需要记住，世界和街道属于我们，而不是汽车。我们需要留在方向盘后面，即使这只是一个比喻。)”可知，人们需要对无人驾驶汽车进行监督和控制来克服对无人驾驶的担忧，故选B项。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The comment of the anxious TikToker reminds historian Victor McFarland of what it was like when cars first hit American streets around a hundred years ago. The pedestrians yelled “Get a horse” to motorists in the 1910s. But McFarland, who teaches at the University of Missouri, says the new beasts known as automobiles were more threatening and unfamiliar to people a century ago than driverless cars are to us now. (焦虑的Tiktok用户的评论让历史学家维克多·麦克法兰（Victor McFarland）想起了大约一百年前汽车首次出现在美国街头时的样子。在20世纪10年代，行人向驾车者大喊“找匹马来”。但是，在密苏里大学任教的麦克法兰说，一个世纪前，被称为汽车的新野兽对人们来说比现在的无人驾驶汽车更具威胁性和陌生感。)”以及本文回顾了百年前人们对汽车的态度，由历史照见今日，给今天无人驾驶技术的问题带来了启示，D项“Driverless Cars What History Teaches Us (无人驾驶汽车？历史教给我们什么)”最符合文章标题，故选D项。
32．D 33．A 34．A 35．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了来自加州圣何塞的12岁中学生Shanya Gill设计了一种优于现有火灾探测系统的装置，赢得了该协会年度中学生竞赛的最高奖项。。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported Washington Post. (据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆)”可知，是Shanya的社区发生了一场可怕的火灾启发了她设计火灾探测系统。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message alert. (当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，该设备就会检测到，并发送短信警报)”可知，Shanya的火灾探测系统是通过让人们得到最新信息来帮助预防火灾。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I had two designs, and the final device succeeded because it outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy. (我有两个设计，最终的装置成功了，因为它在速度和准确性上都优于烟雾探测器)”可知，因为又迅速又准确，所以最终的装置成功了。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ajmera所说“Shanya saw a problem and tried hard to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people (Shanya看到了一个问题，并努力去解决它，这就是我们需要鼓励所有年轻人的地方)”可知，Ajmera认为问题是一个发挥最佳水平的机会。故选B项。
36．A 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种自拍臂，提供了更好的体验，让人们在拍照时感到并不孤单。
36．根据上文“Have you ever taken photos by using mobile phones with selfie sticks (自拍杆) (你曾经用带自拍杆的手机拍过照片吗？)”可知，本句承接上文，就自拍杆的功能进行解释说明。故A选项“这个新发明是一个小巧、实用、设计精巧的工具”符合语境，故选A。
37．根据上文“However, a pair of US artists from New Mexico, Aric Snee and Jutin Crowe believe they have invented a better one and they call it “selfie arm”.(然而，来自美国新墨西哥州的艺术家Aric Snee和Jutin Crowe认为他们发明了一种更好的自拍杆，他们称之为“自拍手臂”)”以及后文“It makes those people in the pictures to be holding hands with a loved one.(它让照片中的人与所爱的人手牵着手)”可知，上文提到了发明，故本句说明其流行情况。故D选项“不管是好是坏，它们已经席卷了世界”符合语境，故选D。
38．根据上文“The pair say it offers a far better experience than using a straight stick. The selfie arm makes people feel they are not alone when they take photos.(这对夫妇说，它提供了比使用直棒更好的体验。自拍臂让人们在拍照时感到并不孤单)”可知上文提到自拍臂让人们在拍照时感到并不孤单，即让人感觉有人陪伴，故C选项“看起来他们和朋友在一起”符合语境，故选C。
39．根据上文“The product, at present, just an art project and a model, conveniently provides you a welcoming arm.(目前，该产品只是一个艺术项目和一个模型，方便地为您提供一个欢迎的手臂)”以及后文“The pair say they are fascinated by these new ideas.(这对夫妇说，他们对这些新想法很着迷)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明这种自拍臂的好处，故B选项“更好的是，在将来，它会以一种友好的方式，永远不会生气或沮丧”符合语境，故选B。
40．根据上文“The “selfie arm” is made of fiberglass.(“自拍臂”由玻璃纤维制成)”可知，“自拍臂”由玻璃纤维制成，说明其重量轻，方便携带。故E选项“重量轻，携带方便”符合语境，故选E。
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述14岁的高中生Heman Bekele研发出更加实惠的治疗皮肤癌的产品，赢得了3M青年科学家挑战赛的故事。
41．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏上，而是在做实验。A. Due to由于；B. As for至于；C. Rather than而不是；D. Regardless of不管。根据上一句“Heman Bekele was not a typical high school student.”以及语境可知，Heman Bekele不像其他的高中生一样玩电子游戏，而是花时间做实验，故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。A. website网站；B. product产品；C. hospital医院；D. school学校。根据空后“that could treat skin cancer”可知，他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. invests投资；B. promotes促进，推动；C. approves赞成；D. needs需要。根据“make it affordable for everyone”可知，此处指使每个需要购买产品的人支付得起，故选D。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Heman在非洲的埃塞俄比亚长大，经常看到人们在外面工作时被烈日晒伤。A. constantly不断地，一直；B. rarely很少；C. objectively客观地；D. fortunately幸运地。结合上文提到Heman想要研制出便宜的治疗皮肤癌的产品可知，他应是经常看到人们被烈日晒伤，故选A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他真的很小的时候，他没有想太多。A. lose丢失；B. think思考，认为；C. use使用；D. report报道。根据下文的转折词“But”以及“he realized how serious skin cancer really was”可知，他后来才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故此处指他小时候认为这没什么大不了的，not think much of sth认为某物不怎么样，故选B。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随着他长大，他意识到皮肤癌有多严重。A. walked in走进；B. turned up出现；C. grew up长大；D. gave in让步。此处和上文“when he was really little”形成对比，指他长大后才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故选C。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌是可以治愈的，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。A. preventable可预防的；B. complex复杂的；C. deadly致命的；D. treatable能治疗的，可治愈的。根据“Skin cancer does have cures”可知，皮肤癌在大多数情况下时可以治疗的，故选D。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，皮肤癌治疗的平均价格几乎是4万美元。A. price价格；B. speed速度；C. wage工资；D. life生活。根据“$40,000”可知，此处指治疗的价格是4万美元，故选A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当听到这个令人震惊的数字时，Heman计划创造一个更实惠、更容易获得的解决方案。A. news新闻；B. figure数字；C. secret秘密；D. sound声音。此处是指上文的“$40,000”这个数字，故选B。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. temporary临时的；B. peaceful和平的；C. affordable支付得起的；D. possible可能的。根据第一段中“and make it affordable for everyone who ___3___ it”可知，Heman计划创造一个更实惠的解决方案，故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作为他赢得了今年3M青年科学家挑战赛的奖项，这项比赛鼓励孩子们想出独特的方法来解决日常问题。A. speech演讲；B. honesty诚实；C. plan计划；D. work工作。根据上一段中“He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project.”可知，此处指他所做的工作为他赢得了奖项，故选D。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. reminds提醒；B. encourages鼓励；C. warns警告；D. orders命令。主语that指代“a competition”，比赛应是鼓励人们想办法解决问题，故选B。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Heman第一次听到获奖的消息时，他感到非常惊讶和高兴。A. overjoyed喜出望外的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据“when he first heard the news of his award”可知，得知获奖应是感到高兴，故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. tiring累人的。根据“to see that my ideas can be ___15___ and seen by the science community”可知，自己的想法被科学家认可，这是鼓舞人心的事情，故选C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. protected保护；B. permitted允许；C. guided指导；D. recognized认可，承认。上文提到Heman获奖，故此处指想法被认可，故选D。
56．entirely 57．Described 58．as 59．have been working/have worked 60．inspiration 61．remains 62．it 63．Although/Though/While 64．a 65．improving
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用柔软材料制作的机器人Octobot及其前景。
56．考查副词。句意：但美国哈佛大学的一组科学家已经成功制造出了一个完全软性的机器人——“章鱼机器人”。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语修饰之后的形容词“soft”，所给词为形容词entire，表示“完全的”。故填entirely。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：据《自然》科学杂志报道，“章鱼机器人”可能会为研发出比传统机器人更智能的搜索、救援和探索机器人铺平道路。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“could pave”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“describe”和“the “Octobot””之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填Described。
58．考查介词。句意：该研究的作者写道:“章鱼机器人是一个最小的系统，它可以作为新一代完全柔软的，自动机器人的基础。”serve as sth, 固定结构，意为“作为某物使用”。故填as。
59．考查时态。句意：几十年来，研究人员一直致力于制造软机器人。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，根据时间状语“for decades”可知，应是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填have been working或have worked。
60．考查名词。句意：他们从大自然中获得灵感，研究动物，从水母到蟑螂，这些动物通常是由更灵活的物质构成的。分析句子结构可知，空处需填名词作宾语，inspiration作名词，表示“灵感”，是不可数名词。故填inspiration。
61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，创造一个完全柔软的机器人仍然是一个挑战。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，文章为一般现在时，主语为“creating a completely soft robot”，动名词作主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填remains。
62．考查代词。句意：即使工程师们建造了一个硅树脂的身体，构建灵活版本的重要部分，如电源，仍然是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子结构可知，所填空为句中主语位置，且句中真正主语为“to construct flexible versions of essential parts”动词不定式结构，因此所填空应是it作形式主语。故填it。
63．考查状语从句。句意：尽管软机器人技术仍处于早期阶段，它在很多方面都有很好的应用前景，比如搜救行动和探索。分析句意可知，前后句为转折关系，“___9____ soft robotics is still in its early stage”应是让步状语从句，可由although/though/while引导，表示“尽管，虽然”。故填Although或Though或While。
64．考查冠词。句意：微型生物机器人技术中心的芭芭拉·马佐莱在评论中写道：“软体机器人也可能为改善健康和生活质量开辟新的途径。”根据“comment”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，此处泛指一个评论，故用不定冠词。故填a。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：微型生物机器人技术中心的芭芭拉·马佐莱在评论中写道：“软体机器人也可能为改善健康和生活质量开辟新的途径。”根据“ to”可知，空处需填动名词作介词宾语。故填improving。
66．Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we carried out on whether it is necessary for middle school students to have mobile phones.
Most students think it is more convenient for them to send text messages and take photos, and keep in touch with their parents and classmates. Therefore, it is easy to make students contact with each other. What’s more, it’s a fashion. However, most teachers think middle school students are not old enough to control themselves. It is a waste of time for students playing games and sending messages on their mobile phones. Mobile phones emit radiation. And it is harmful to health.
In my opinion, following the fashion is understandable. But as middle school students, we should put all our energy into our study.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英报社写一封信，客观介绍你校组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：中学生是否有必些要有手机。然后发表你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
保持联系：keep in touch →keep in contact
此外：What’s more →In addition
控制：control →take control of
可以理解的：understandable →comprehensible
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Mobile phones emit radiation. And it is harmful to health.
拓展句：Mobile phones emit radiation, which is harmful to health.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Therefore, it is easy to make students contact with each other. (使用了it充当形式主语，不定式充当真正主语)
【高分句型2】In my opinion, following the fashion is understandable. (使用了动名词充当主语)
67．One possible version:
The day of the competition came very fast. We all brought our masterpieces into the classroom. Every team had a different design-from boxes made of different materials to boxes that operated in different ways. One fellow even attached a motor to his icebox and turned it into a refrigerator. Before we left school, Mr. Hussey gave each group an ice tube of the same size. We put them in the iceboxes that were placed side by side on the table. Then we left for home, hoping that we would win.
The next day, everybody rushed towards these works of art. We all hoped that there would still be some ice left. Some kids searched and searched, and were even about to tear their iceboxes apart, but couldn’t find anything. Luckily, it turned out that we didn’t do too badly. Having almost 60 percent of the ice cube still remaining, we had an above-average result! The winner of the competition, however, was the guy who made a motorized refrigerator. When we opened his icebox, he had a piece of ice that was 140 percent the size of the original! His innovative design was definitely a cut above the rest.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了科学老师总是喜欢给10年级的科学班布置有挑战性的作业，这天老师要求他们制作一个冰箱，并且进行比赛，比赛很简单：每个参赛者都会得到一块冰块。第二天剩下最大一块的队伍将获胜。于是作者和朋友Vlad搭档，经过不断尝试，他们的比赛结果高于平均水平，比赛的获胜者是制造了电动冰箱的人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛的日子来得很快”可知，第一段可描写同学们进行比赛的场面和心情。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，每个人都冲向这些艺术品”可知，第二段可描写同学们第二天去查看冰的情况以及作者他们所取得的比赛结果。
2.续写线索：比赛来临——不同的设计参赛——开始比赛——第二天查看结果——高于平均水平——获胜者创新设计出类拔萃
3.词汇激活
行为类
急忙：rush towards/rush to
希望：hope/wish
找到：find /discover
情绪类
创新：innovative /creative
出类拔萃：a cut above the rest /brilliant
【点睛】[高分句型1] Before we left school, Mr. Hussey gave each group an ice tube of the same size. (运用了before引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Then we left for home, hoping that we would win. (运用了that引导宾语从句)

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