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高三年级阶段性质量检测英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1.What does the woman want to buy
A.A skirt. B.A handbag. C.A purse.
2.What time of day is it now
A.Morning. B.Afternoon. C.Evening.
3.How does the woman feel
A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Annoyed.
4What is the conversation mainly about
A.Bad neighborhoods. B.Chinese New Year. C.A loud noise.
5.What does the woman mean
A. The butter is not in its usual place.
B.She doesn’t want to ask Andy again.
C.They should get more butter.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers
A.Boss and assistant. B.Customer and waitress. C.Husband and wife.
7.Who is Tom
A.A waiter. B.The new secretary. C.The old secretary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。
8. Why didn’t the man know about the news
A.He was in a different area of the country.
B.He only pays attention to local reports.
C.He has been busy with his presentation.
9.How many people were still lost after the rescue
A21. B.25. C.29.
10.Where is the woman from
A.Rome. B.New York. C.Tokyo.
听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。
11.Where can the man learn more about how people talk
A.In the newspaper. B.On TV shows. C.From his translator.
12. What did the man already do
A.He learned to be humorous.
B.He talked about current events.
C.He found a group of friends in a similar situation.
听第9段材料，回答第13、14、15、16题。
13. When did the man fall in love with the ocean
A.In his childhood. B.In his teens. C.In his adulthood.
14.How has the ocean changed recently
A.There are more whales in it.
B. It is cleaner at the bottom.
C.There is more trash in it.
15.According to the man,what affects the recycling of plastic
A.The price of oil. B.The number of recycle bins. C.The amount of plastic.
16.What is the man’s suggestion when people shop in the grocery store
A.Bringing their own containers.
B.Using the plastic bags.
C.Buying things wrapped in plastic.
听第10段材料，回答第17、18、19、20题。
17. What is the main topic of the speech
A.The media. B.Television channels. C.The Internet.
18.What is the most important reason for people to have the right information
A.To limit the power of government.
B.To help themselves vote wisely.
C.To participate in important decisions.
19. Why are politicians unsatisfied with the media
A.They don’t think the media is reliable.
B.They think the media only cares about money.
C.They don’t think the media provides enough variety.
20.Why have more choices of news caused problems
A.The government is more careful.
B.Citizens are watching more channels.
C.People disagree on what the facts are.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
What is identity theft
Identity theft occurs when someone steals your personal information to take over your credit accounts, open new ones, access bank accounts, or commit many other crimes in your name and at your expense. When it strikes, the effects can be disastrous. What’s more, because it frequently involves no physical theft, identity theft may not be noticed by its victims until significant damage has already been done-often several months and thousands of pounds later. It’s estimated that more than 100, 000 people are affected by identity theft in the UK each year, costing the British economy over 1.3 billion annually.
How does it happen
These are some of the ways crooks get hold of your personal information:
Fake emails
You may receive an email seemingly from, say, your bank requesting that you follow a link and key information into a website that looks very similar to your bank’s own site but is in fact a fake.
Pretext phone calls
A crook pretending to be an official from, for example, your bank may phone up asking you to give personal or account details as a security check.
Dishonest people
Sometimes sales assistants,unbeknown(不知情的) to you, swipe your card through a machine which records its details. At the workplace, a fellow employee can use your personal details fraudulently.
How can you protect yourself
Be careful who you give your personal details to, and tear up documents like credit-card slips before you throw them away. Don’t make this serious crime easy for crooks!
1. What do we know about identity theft according to the passage
A. It is a frequent physical theft.
B. It is only committed by strangers.
C. It is easy to be noticed by victims.
D. It is costly to individuals and society.
2. Identity theft may happen when________.
A. you receive an email from your bank
B. you give personal details to a fake website
C. you are requested to pay in cash by sales assistants
D. you tear bank documents before throwing them away
3. What is the text
A. A financial survey. B. A book review.
C. A security report. D. A history paper.
B
Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs possess the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didn’t demonstrate the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some elementary games. Performing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well despite a lack of flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers.
“It is no small achievement for an animal to grasp the concept that the behaviour they are performing is having an effect elsewhere. That pigs can do this to any degree should give us pause as to what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may impact them, “said Purdue University’s Dr Candace Croney, the study’s lead author.
Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only oral encouragement by the experimenter” would see training continue.
These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also demonstrated how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands.
As with any sentient (有感觉力的) beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them impacts and matters to them. We therefore have a moral duty to understand how pigs acquire information, and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because it ultimately offers the potential for how they understand their interactions with us and their environments.
4. What can be learned from Paragraph 1
A The pigs sometimes won the video games.
B. The pigs operated joysticks with their noses.
C. The pigs competed with each other in the games.
D. The pigs sometimes performed well accidentally.
5. What does the underlined phrase “give us pause” refer to
A. Stop us from advancing. B. Affect us in learning.
C. Make us think seriously. D. Force us to train pigs better.
6. What made researchers believe pigs socially interacted well
A Their being inspired by human words. B. Their being driven by food.
C. Their being willing to keep trying. D. Their being motivated by challenges.
7. Which of the following could be the best title
A. Smart Pigs: Best Animal Players B. Flexible Noses: Fun Games
C. Oral Commands: Pig Learners D. Pig Players: Learning Potential
C
As I work in the garden, I take my time and the garden is teaching me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many variables that affect them both.
The quality of the seeds planted has a bearing on how well the plants will grow. But the weather affects that most. It can be too hot, too cold, or exactly right, and usually fluctuates (起伏) between all three. Weeds seem to grow well in the garden and need to be taken care of and pulled to ensure they do not destroy the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have so lovingly planted.
I take time to stand back and rest, and to observe the plants and how they are growing. Each plant is unique and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to protect their fruit from the harsh rays of the sun, while other plants are more open, their fruit needing the light to grow and ripen.
Getting my hands dirty, feeling the sweat on my brow, and the strength and flexibility of my body as I dig, bend and work under the warm summer sun, reminds me I am alive in ways I would not have remembered sitting on the couch.
It is very inspiring to move things around, to transplant, and to disturb the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me that it is important to know when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden’s life cycle follows a pattern that is repeated according to laws of nature, birth, and growth, and then dies and it teaches us to accept this fact.
Perhaps life is like the garden, successes and failures, time to be active and time to rest, to let go of what is no longer needed, to cultivate (培养) what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to embrace life from beginning to end.
8. What affects how well plants grow most
A. The weather. B. The seeds. C. The soil. D. The weeds.
9. What can be inferred from this text
A. Weeds grow better than fruits and vegetables.
B. Gardening is rewarding to the author.
C. All plants are unique, but grow in the same way.
D Gardening is quite time-consuming.
10. Why is the author inspired to work in the garden
A. He can build up his body.
B. He can get a good harvest by working.
C. Gardening gives him an insight into life.
D. There are successes and failures in gardening.
11. Which of the following will the author probably agree with
A. No sweet without sweat.
B. As a man sows, so he shall reap.
C. What has been done cannot be undone.
D. Pursue the best, and accept the worst.
D
When Mexican scientist of the evolution of animal behavior, Laura Cuaya, moved to Hungary for her postdoctoral studies in Budapest, she brought her pet dog, Kun-kun, along for the ride. Cuaya couldn't help noticing how locals warmed to dogs. This prompted her naturally curious scientific mind to start asking questions. “Here people are talking all the time to Kun-kun, but I always wonder if Kun-kun can recognize that people in Budapest speak Hungarian, not Spanish ” So she set out to find an answer through a scientific study.
Cuaya and her colleagues decided to use brain images from MRI scanning to shed light on her hunch. They worked with dogs of various ages that had, until the experiment, only heard their owners speak just one of the two languages, Spanish or Hungarian. Not surprisingly, getting the dogs to happily take part in the experiment took some creative coaxing and animal training! The researchers first needed to teach Kun-kun and her 17 fellow participating dogs including a labradoodle, a golden retriever and Australian shepherds, to lie still in a brain scanner. Their pet parents were always present, and they could leave the scanner at any point.
The research team played children's book classic The Little Prince in both Spanish and Hungarian while scanning the dogs' brains with an MRI machine. They were looking for evidence that their brains reacted differently to a familiar and unfamiliar language. The researchers also played scrambled versions of the story to find out if dogs could distinguish between speech and non-speech.
The images reveal that dogs' brains show different patterns of activity for an unfamiliar language than for a familiar one — the first time anyone has proved, researchers say, that a non-human brain can distinguish between two languages. This means that the sounds and rhythms of a familiar language are accessible to non-humans.
Interestingly, the team also found that the brains of older dogs were more skilled at detecting speech “suggesting a role for the amount of language exposure”. They suggest that dogs have refined their ability to distinguish between human languages over the long process of domestication.
12. What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A. The background of the study. B. The significance of the study.
C. The concern of the researcher. D. The introduction to the researcher.
13. What did Cuaya consider when choosing dogs for study
A. Age limits. B. Brain patterns. C. Language exposure. D. Owners' commands.
14. The results of the study are ________.
A. practical B. contradictory C. compromising D. groundbreaking
15. Which of the following can be the best title
A. Dogs Can Tell Foreign Languages B. Dog Brains Have Different Patterns
C. Old Dogs Know More About Human Speech D. Dogs Can Differ Speech From Non-Speech
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Curiosity is rooted in our DNA. We are fascinated by the future; we are impressed with the unknown that surrounds us; we are amazed at all that we have to explore. The mysteries of the world have always been a push for us to watch. ____16____.
Children are known for sticking their fingers in places where young fingers should never be. They are famous for putting all kinds of objects and substances in their mouths, everything from plastic blocks to any object in the room.
____17____ It holds our hand as we move into old age and the unknown of the future. By and large, we are determined question-askers. We want to know more than we know; we want to expand our horizons, try out the new and undiscovered, and pursue experiences that deepen our comprehension of the world we live in.
____18____ It is also the generation of possibilities. When we look at the world from multiple perspectives, we give ourselves permission to examine a wider range of resolutions. We open up our minds to explore the unexamined and unknown. ____19____ Ian Leslie explains it this way, “Curiosity is essential to an exploring mind; it opens our eyes to the new and undiscovered, encouraging us to seek out new experiences and meet new people.”
Curiosity is the catalyst(催化剂) for questioning, and questioning is what urges us to seek out the unfamiliar and the unknown. ____20____ It does not move forward, nor does it have sufficient power to dig what may lie just below the surface or just slightly out of reach. Curiosity is the fuel necessary for creativity to prosper and succeed.
A. Curiosity has its own reason for existing.
B. Without questioning, knowledge becomes inactive.
C. Nowhere is this truer than when we watch our children.
D. But curiosity is much more than a simple search for answers.
E. Curiosity becomes a boost for new opportunities and new options.
F. So ask questions to which there may be a wide variety of responses.
G. In adults, curiosity guides us toward a lifetime occupation and to new destinations.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wu Ming, a young German born after 1995, is a big fan of Chinese culture. As he thought some diseases can’t be treated ___21___ with Western medicine, he decided to ___22___traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In 2015, Wu came to Henan province, where a strong TCM culture can be ___23___. After a year of learning, he ___24___ the language barrier and started to learn Chinese medicine. Wu always ___25___ some Chinese herbal medicine by himself to know their flavours and effects, just like Shen Nong, a character in Chinese legend. In Wu’s opinion, TCM is one of the best-preserved ___26___ of Chinese culture.
Studying TCM also ___27___ Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used to be ___28___ to electronic devices, playing video games every night. Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily ___29___, he now lives a(n) ____30____ and peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading.
Wu ____31____ what he has learned to help his family. He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit after ____32____ their skin or tongues online. Over time, his family gradually began to understand his ____33____ for TCM.
Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. “____34____ comes from being out of touch”, said Wu. He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic in Germany, which could serve as a(n) ____35____ between the two countries and publicize TCM and its culture.
21. A. immediately B. gradually C. thoroughly D. consistently
22. A. depend on B. dig into C. look up D. work out
23. A. created B. enjoyed C. advanced D. acknowledged
24. A. overcame B. seized C. divided D. shifted
25. A. raised B. sorted C. cooked D. tasted
26. A. aspects B. standards C. themes D. means
27. A. enriched B. secured C. expanded D. changed
28. A. exposed B. reduced C. restricted D. addicted
29. A. businesses B. recreations C. routines D. tasks
30. A. balanced B. wealthy C. humble D. efficient
31. A. employs B. promotes C. outlines D. conveys
32. A. scanning B. checking C. exploring D. comparing
33. A. concern B. wish C. demand D. passion
34. A. Misunderstanding B. Destruction C. Stress D. Failure
35. A. source B. basis C. bridge D. tool
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are certain things on the Earth that we must not lose. The great animal migration across the Serengeti Plains or the towering pyramids of Egypt are such examples. Every country is proud of ____36____ (it) cultural or natural heritage sites, ____37____ must be protected. We are lucky to have UNESCO to oversee such an important task. It sees heritage as our legacy from ____38____past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations as well as sources____39____irreplaceable inspiration.
The incredible splendour of heritage sites is a ____40____ (remind) of the power of nature and the genius of man. As a nature reserve, Jiuzhaigou Valley is home to snow-capped mountains, thick forests, impressive waterfalls and lakes. This dream-like scenery makes us realize that nature has____41____ (true) created a masterpiece. Similarly, standing in the shadow of the Borobudur Temple, as the sun rises over this grand historic building, we____42____ (impress) with the effort and determination of the people who ____43____(build) it with only primitive tools.
It is in heritage sites like this ____44____ we cannot help but be humbled, come to understand our limitations as human beings, and know that our duty is to protect them for generations ____45____ (come).
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语社团准备举行以“Small Actions Can Make a Difference”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 介绍校园不良现象；
2. 提出合理的建议和措施。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
May 18, 1986, was the kind of beautiful, sunny day that regularly brought the Rodriguez family to Santa Catalina Island for some fishing on their nine-metre pleasure boat, the DC Too. They spent the day fishing in the Pacific Ocean, then left the island in the early evening.
Soon thick fog rolled in. Louise fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Trisha, at a table on the boat’s lower deck. Their father’s sharp orders frightened her awake: “Get out of the boat. It’s sinking!” Louise pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Rodriguez. Both girls wore life jackets,but the adults did not. Within seconds, the boat capsized, leaving just the tip of its bow in the air.
After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. Louise watched him disappear into the darkness. A while later, her mother went still. Then her sister died, too.
Pisano and Strasser, both 25, were going on a fishing expedition. The fog was so thick that they couldn’t even see the stern(船尾) of the boat. They decided to try one more spot before going home. Late that afternoon, the fog cleared and the sun started shining. On their return voyage, about 11 kilometres away from Catalina Island, Pisano noticed something yellow floating in the water.
Strasser steered(驾驶) the boat closer and Pisano jumped into the water. He swam toward the figure and grabbed the life jacket. Fortunately, Louise was saved and quickly sent to hospital. The little girl soon recovered, but the search for Louise’s father, sister and mother was in vain.
Louise was adopted by her aunt and uncle. She attended college, got married in 2013 and gave birth to a son. In her late 20s, Louise began to wonder about her rescuers. She even tried to find them but no luck. One day, Louise came across a magazine article featuring Pisano talking about the 1986 rescue.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing Pisano was the very person she was looking for, Louise decided to find him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Louise recognized her rescuer the moment she saw Pisano.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5BBCCA 6-10 ACCCA 11-15 BCACA 16-20 AABAC高三年级阶段性质量检测英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1.What does the woman want to buy
A.A skirt. B.A handbag. C.A purse.
2.What time of day is it now
A.Morning. B.Afternoon. C.Evening.
3.How does the woman feel
A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Annoyed.
4.What is the conversation mainly about
A.Bad neighborhoods. B.Chinese New Year. C.A loud noise.
5.What does the woman mean
A. The butter is not in its usual place.
B.She doesn’t want to ask Andy again.
C.They should get more butter.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers
A.Boss and assistant. B.Customer and waitress. C.Husband and wife.
7.Who is Tom
A.A waiter. B.The new secretary. C.The old secretary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。
8. Why didn’t the man know about the news
A.He was in a different area of the country.
B.He only pays attention to local reports.
C.He has been busy with his presentation.
9.How many people were still lost after the rescue
A.21. B.25. C.29.
10.Where is the woman from
A.Rome. B.New York. C.Tokyo.
听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。
11.Where can the man learn more about how people talk
A.In the newspaper. B.On TV shows. C.From his translator.
12. What did the man already do
A.He learned to be humorous.
B.He talked about current events.
CHe found a group of friends in a similar situation.
听第9段材料，回答第13、14、15、16题。
13. When did the man fall in love with the ocean
A.In his childhood. B.In his teens. C.In his adulthood.
14.How has the ocean changed recently
A.There are more whales in it.
B. It is cleaner at the bottom.
C.There is more trash in it.
15.According to the man,what affects the recycling of plastic
A.The price of oil. B.The number of recycle bins. C.The amount of plastic.
16.What is the man’s suggestion when people shop in the grocery store
A.Bringing their own containers.
BUsing the plastic bags.
C.Buying things wrapped in plastic.
听第10段材料，回答第17、18、19、20题。
17. What is the main topic of the speech
A.The media. B.Television channels. C.The Internet.
18.What is the most important reason for people to have the right information
A.To limit the power of government.
B.To help themselves vote wisely.
C.To participate in important decisions.
19. Why are politicians unsatisfied with the media
A.They don’t think the media is reliable.
B.They think the media only cares about money.
C.They don’t think the media provides enough variety.
20Why have more choices of news caused problems
A.The government is more careful.
B.Citizens are watching more channels.
C.People disagree on what the facts are.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
What is identity theft
Identity theft occurs when someone steals your personal information to take over your credit accounts, open new ones, access bank accounts, or commit many other crimes in your name and at your expense. When it strikes, the effects can be disastrous. What’s more, because it frequently involves no physical theft, identity theft may not be noticed by its victims until significant damage has already been done-often several months and thousands of pounds later. It’s estimated that more than 100, 000 people are affected by identity theft in the UK each year, costing the British economy over 1.3 billion annually.
How does it happen
These are some of the ways crooks get hold of your personal information:
Fake emails
You may receive an email seemingly from, say, your bank requesting that you follow a link and key information into a website that looks very similar to your bank’s own site but is in fact a fake.
Pretext phone calls
A crook pretending to be an official from, for example, your bank may phone up asking you to give personal or account details as a security check.
Dishonest people
Sometimes sales assistants,unbeknown(不知情的) to you, swipe your card through a machine which records its details. At the workplace, a fellow employee can use your personal details fraudulently.
How can you protect yourself
Be careful who you give your personal details to, and tear up documents like credit-card slips before you throw them away. Don’t make this serious crime easy for crooks!
1. What do we know about identity theft according to the passage
A. It is a frequent physical theft.
B. It is only committed by strangers.
C. It is easy to be noticed by victims.
D. It is costly to individuals and society.
2. Identity theft may happen when________.
A. you receive an email from your bank
B. you give personal details to a fake website
C. you are requested to pay in cash by sales assistants
D. you tear bank documents before throwing them away
3. What is the text
A. A financial survey. B. A book review.
C. A security report. D. A history paper.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了网络上的身份盗窃，并且介绍了一些盗窃方式和预防措施。
【详解】1. 细节理解题，根据文章小标题What is identity theft 下的“It’s estimated that more than 100,000 people are affected by identity theft in the UK each year, costing the British economy over ?1.3 billion annually(据估计，英国每年有超过10万人受到身份盗窃的影响，每年给英国经济造成的损失超过13亿欧元)” 可知，身份盗窃对受害人带来的经济损失是巨大的，故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章小标题Fake emails下的，“you follow a link and key information into a website that looks very similar to your bank's own site but is in fact a fake.(你跟随一个链接和关键信息进入一个网站，这个网站看起来与你的银行自己的网站非常相似，但实际上是一个假的网站)”可知，你会进入一个和你银行网站看起来很像的假网站，故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是小标题“What is identity theft (什么是身份盗窃？)”，“How does it happen (身份盗窃是怎么发生的？)”和“How can you protect yourself (你如何保护好自己？)”可知，本文介绍了网络上的身份盗窃，介绍了一些盗窃方式和预防措施，由此可推知，这篇文章是一篇安全报告，故选C项。
B
Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs possess the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didn’t demonstrate the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some elementary games. Performing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well despite a lack of flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers.
“It is no small achievement for an animal to grasp the concept that the behaviour they are performing is having an effect elsewhere. That pigs can do this to any degree should give us pause as to what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may impact them, “said Purdue University’s Dr Candace Croney, the study’s lead author.
Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only oral encouragement by the experimenter” would see training continue.
These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also demonstrated how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands.
As with any sentient (有感觉力的) beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them impacts and matters to them. We therefore have a moral duty to understand how pigs acquire information, and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because it ultimately offers the potential for how they understand their interactions with us and their environments.
4. What can be learned from Paragraph 1
A. The pigs sometimes won the video games.
B. The pigs operated joysticks with their noses.
C. The pigs competed with each other in the games.
D. The pigs sometimes performed well accidentally.
5. What does the underlined phrase “give us pause” refer to
A. Stop us from advancing. B. Affect us in learning.
C. Make us think seriously. D. Force us to train pigs better.
6. What made researchers believe pigs socially interacted well
A. Their being inspired by human words. B. Their being driven by food.
C. Their being willing to keep trying. D. Their being motivated by challenges.
7. Which of the following could be the best title
A. Smart Pigs: Best Animal Players B. Flexible Noses: Fun Games
C. Oral Commands: Pig Learners D. Pig Players: Learning Potential
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述猪经过人们的训练和与人互动后，可以用鼻子玩电动，能够听懂人的指令，从而说明猪有很强的学习潜力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. (这项研究发表在《心理学前沿》上，测试了四只猪(哈姆雷特、煎蛋、乌木和象牙)用鼻子玩简单的操纵杆游戏的能力，将光标移动到屏幕上的四个目标上。)”可知，第一段主要介绍猪能够够用鼻子操作操纵杆，故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“It is no small achievement for an animal to grasp the concept that the behaviour they are performing is having an effect elsewhere. (对于动物来说，能理解它们正在实施的一个行为可以在别处产生影响的概念并不是小成就。)”及“what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may impact them (他们还能学习什么，以及这种学习如何影响他们)”可知，猪能够够用鼻子操作操纵杆，这不是一个小成就，值得我们认真思考，看看猪还能学习什么，以及这种学习如何影响他们。故推知give us pause表示“让我们认真思考”，与Make us think seriously意义一致，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only oral encouragement by the experimenter” would see training continue. (研究人员还指出，虽然可以用食物作为积极动机来教猪玩游戏，但它们对社交互动的反应也很好。事实上，当游戏变得更具挑战性并且猪变得不愿意参与时，“只有实验者的口头鼓励”才能使训练继续进行。)”可知，因为实验者的口头鼓励可以使猪参与训练，所以研究人员相信猪对社交互动的反应很好。故推知猪受到人类话语的启发使研究人员相信猪的社交互动很好，故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Performing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well despite a lack of flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers. (表现良好并非偶然，猪似乎意识到光标的移动是由操纵杆控制的。据研究人员称，尽管缺乏灵活的手指，但他们做得如此之好，这是“不可思议的”。)”及第四段“These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also demonstrated how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands. (这些发现是最新发现的，突出了猪的智力。他们不仅被证明使用镜子来寻找隐藏的食物，而且研究还证明了如何在口头命令后教猪“过来”和“坐下”。)”可知，文章主要讲述猪经过人们的训练和与人互动后，可以用鼻子玩电动，能够听懂人的指令，说明猪有很强的学习潜力。所以文章的标题应是Pig Players: Learning Potential(猪玩家：学习的潜力)，故选D。
C
As I work in the garden, I take my time and the garden is teaching me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many variables that affect them both.
The quality of the seeds planted has a bearing on how well the plants will grow. But the weather affects that most. It can be too hot, too cold, or exactly right, and usually fluctuates (起伏) between all three. Weeds seem to grow well in the garden and need to be taken care of and pulled to ensure they do not destroy the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have so lovingly planted.
I take time to stand back and rest, and to observe the plants and how they are growing. Each plant is unique and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to protect their fruit from the harsh rays of the sun, while other plants are more open, their fruit needing the light to grow and ripen.
Getting my hands dirty, feeling the sweat on my brow, and the strength and flexibility of my body as I dig, bend and work under the warm summer sun, reminds me I am alive in ways I would not have remembered sitting on the couch.
It is very inspiring to move things around, to transplant, and to disturb the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me that it is important to know when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden’s life cycle follows a pattern that is repeated according to laws of nature, birth, and growth, and then dies and it teaches us to accept this fact.
Perhaps life is like the garden, successes and failures, time to be active and time to rest, to let go of what is no longer needed, to cultivate (培养) what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to embrace life from beginning to end.
8. What affects how well plants grow most
A. The weather. B. The seeds. C. The soil. D. The weeds.
9. What can be inferred from this text
A. Weeds grow better than fruits and vegetables.
B. Gardening is rewarding to the author.
C. All plants are unique, but grow in the same way.
D. Gardening is quite time-consuming.
10. Why is the author inspired to work in the garden
A. He can build up his body.
B. He can get a good harvest by working.
C. Gardening gives him an insight into life.
D. There are successes and failures in gardening.
11. Which of the following will the author probably agree with
A. No sweet without sweat.
B. As a man sows, so he shall reap.
C. What has been done cannot be undone.
D. Pursue the best, and accept the worst.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者在花园里劳作，了解到应该遵循自然法则，同时领悟到生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，应该放下不再需要的东西，从头到尾拥抱生活。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The quality of the seeds planted has a bearing on how well the plants will grow.(播种种子质量关系到植物生长的好坏。但是天气影响最大。)”可知，对植物生长影响最大的是天气。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Getting my hands dirty, feeling the sweat on my brow, and the strength and flexibility of my body as I dig, bend and work under the warm summer sun, reminds me I am alive in ways I would not have remembered sitting on the couch.(当我在温暖的夏日阳光下挖掘、弯腰和工作时，弄脏我的双手，感觉到额头上的汗水和身体的力量和灵活性提醒我，我以一种我不记得的坐在沙发上的方式活着。)”可知，进行园艺作业使得作者身体的力量和灵活性提高，园艺对作者是有益的。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The garden teaches me that it is important to know when to disturb things and when to let them be.(花园教会我，知道什么时候该打扰，什么时候该放任它们是很重要的。)”可知，园艺工作使得作者对生活有了更深刻的理解。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhaps life is like the garden, successes and failures, time to be active and time to rest, to let go of what is no longer needed, to cultivate what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to embrace life from beginning to end.(也许生活就像花园，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，放下不再需要的东西，培养帮助我们成长为光明和力量的东西，从头到尾拥抱生活。)”可知，作者认为生活中，应该像花园一样，遵循自然法则，追求最好的东西，也接受最坏的东西。故选D项。
D
When Mexican scientist of the evolution of animal behavior, Laura Cuaya, moved to Hungary for her postdoctoral studies in Budapest, she brought her pet dog, Kun-kun, along for the ride. Cuaya couldn't help noticing how locals warmed to dogs. This prompted her naturally curious scientific mind to start asking questions. “Here people are talking all the time to Kun-kun, but I always wonder if Kun-kun can recognize that people in Budapest speak Hungarian, not Spanish ” So she set out to find an answer through a scientific study.
Cuaya and her colleagues decided to use brain images from MRI scanning to shed light on her hunch. They worked with dogs of various ages that had, until the experiment, only heard their owners speak just one of the two languages, Spanish or Hungarian. Not surprisingly, getting the dogs to happily take part in the experiment took some creative coaxing and animal training! The researchers first needed to teach Kun-kun and her 17 fellow participating dogs including a labradoodle, a golden retriever and Australian shepherds, to lie still in a brain scanner. Their pet parents were always present, and they could leave the scanner at any point.
The research team played children's book classic The Little Prince in both Spanish and Hungarian while scanning the dogs' brains with an MRI machine. They were looking for evidence that their brains reacted differently to a familiar and unfamiliar language. The researchers also played scrambled versions of the story to find out if dogs could distinguish between speech and non-speech.
The images reveal that dogs' brains show different patterns of activity for an unfamiliar language than for a familiar one — the first time anyone has proved, researchers say, that a non-human brain can distinguish between two languages. This means that the sounds and rhythms of a familiar language are accessible to non-humans.
Interestingly, the team also found that the brains of older dogs were more skilled at detecting speech “suggesting a role for the amount of language exposure”. They suggest that dogs have refined their ability to distinguish between human languages over the long process of domestication.
12. What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A. The background of the study. B. The significance of the study.
C. The concern of the researcher. D. The introduction to the researcher.
13. What did Cuaya consider when choosing dogs for study
A. Age limits. B. Brain patterns. C. Language exposure. D. Owners' commands.
14. The results of the study are ________.
A. practical B. contradictory C. compromising D. groundbreaking
15. Which of the following can be the best title
A. Dogs Can Tell Foreign Languages B. Dog Brains Have Different Patterns
C. Old Dogs Know More About Human Speech D. Dogs Can Differ Speech From Non-Speech
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了墨西哥科学家Laura Cuaya经过研究发现，狗可以区分不同的语言。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“When Mexican scientist of the evolution of animal behavior, Laura Cuaya, moved to Hungary for her postdoctoral studies in Budapest, she brought her pet dog, Kun-kun, along for the ride. Cuaya couldn't help noticing how locals warmed to dogs. This prompted her naturally curious scientific mind to start asking questions. “Here people are talking all the time to Kun-kun, but I always wonder if Kun-kun can recognize that people in Budapest speak Hungarian, not Spanish ” So she set out to find an answer through a scientific study.(当研究动物行为进化的墨西哥科学家Laura Cuaya去匈牙利布达佩斯做博士后研究时，她带着她的宠物狗昆昆一起去了。Cuaya不禁注意到当地人对狗的热情。这促使她天生好奇的科学头脑开始提出问题。“在这里，人们一直在和昆昆交谈，但我总在想，昆昆能不能认出布达佩斯人说的是匈牙利语，而不是西班牙语？”因此，她开始通过科学研究来寻找答案)”可知，第一段主要讲的是研究开展的背景。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They worked with dogs of various ages that had, until the experiment, only heard their owners speak just one of the two languages, Spanish or Hungarian.(在实验之前，他们对不同年龄的狗进行研究，这些狗的主人只会说西班牙语或匈牙利语这两种语言中的一种)”可知，Cuaya在选择研究狗时考虑了语言接触。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The images reveal that dogs' brains show different patterns of activity for an unfamiliar language than for a familiar one—the first time anyone has proved, researchers say, that a non-human brain can distinguish between two languages.(研究人员说，这些图像显示，狗的大脑对陌生的语言和熟悉的语言表现出不同的活动模式——这是第一次有人证明，非人类的大脑可以区分两种语言)”可推知，研究结果具有突破性。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“The images reveal that dogs' brains show different patterns of activity for an unfamiliar language than for a familiar one—the first time anyone has proved, researchers say, that a non-human brain can distinguish between two languages. This means that the sounds and rhythms of a familiar language are accessible to non-humans.(研究人员说，这些图像显示，狗的大脑对陌生的语言和熟悉的语言表现出不同的活动模式——这是第一次有人证明，非人类的大脑可以区分两种语言。这意味着一种熟悉的语言的声音和节奏对非人类来说是可以理解的)”结合文章主要说明了墨西哥科学家Laura Cuaya经过研究发现，狗可以区分不同的语言。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。可知，A选项“狗能辨别外语”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Curiosity is rooted in our DNA. We are fascinated by the future; we are impressed with the unknown that surrounds us; we are amazed at all that we have to explore. The mysteries of the world have always been a push for us to watch. ____16____.
Children are known for sticking their fingers in places where young fingers should never be. They are famous for putting all kinds of objects and substances in their mouths, everything from plastic blocks to any object in the room.
____17____ It holds our hand as we move into old age and the unknown of the future. By and large, we are determined question-askers. We want to know more than we know; we want to expand our horizons, try out the new and undiscovered, and pursue experiences that deepen our comprehension of the world we live in.
____18____ It is also the generation of possibilities. When we look at the world from multiple perspectives, we give ourselves permission to examine a wider range of resolutions. We open up our minds to explore the unexamined and unknown. ____19____ Ian Leslie explains it this way, “Curiosity is essential to an exploring mind; it opens our eyes to the new and undiscovered, encouraging us to seek out new experiences and meet new people.”
Curiosity is the catalyst(催化剂) for questioning, and questioning is what urges us to seek out the unfamiliar and the unknown. ____20____ It does not move forward, nor does it have sufficient power to dig what may lie just below the surface or just slightly out of reach. Curiosity is the fuel necessary for creativity to prosper and succeed.
A. Curiosity has its own reason for existing.
B. Without questioning, knowledge becomes inactive.
C. Nowhere is this truer than when we watch our children.
D. But curiosity is much more than a simple search for answers.
E. Curiosity becomes a boost for new opportunities and new options.
F. So ask questions to which there may be a wide variety of responses.
G. In adults, curiosity guides us toward a lifetime occupation and to new destinations.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了好奇心是天生的，从儿童到成人，好奇心促使人们探索未知，同时，好奇心也带来了新的机遇和可能。好奇心是创造力繁荣和成功的必要燃料。
【16题详解】
设空句在该段段末，应呼应该段首句内容同时承起下段内容。首句“Curiosity is rooted in our DNA.(好奇心根植于我们的DNA中。)”讲到好奇心是天生的，因此设空句应再次呼应“天生的”。选项C“Nowhere is this truer than when we watch our children.(没有什么比我们看着自己的孩子更真实的了。)”用“孩子”对应“天生的好奇心”，符合逻辑，且在话题上承起了下段的“children”话题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
设空句为该段首句，应是主题句。根据后文“It holds our hand as we move into old age and the unknown of the future.(它牵着我们的手，让我们步入老年，走向未知的未来。)”可知，该段讲到了“好奇心”对成年人的引导作用，因此，设空句应含有核心词汇“成人”，“好奇心”。选项G“In adults, curiosity guides us toward a lifetime occupation and to new destinations.(对于成年人来说，好奇心引导我们走向一生的职业和新的目的地。)”在词汇上出现了“adults”，“curiosity”等词汇复现，在句意上概括了后文内容，贴合该段主旨。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析该段内容可知，设空后文“It is also the generation of possibilities.(它也是各种可能性的产生。)”为该段的主旨句，由此可知，该段强调了好奇心带来的可能性，更加深远的影响，因此可推知，设空句应是过渡句，总结上段内容，过渡该段内容。选项D“But curiosity is much more than a simple search for answers.(但好奇心远不止是简单地寻找答案。)”中“search for answers”呼应上一段的“question-askers”，同时使用“much more than”使话题顺利过渡到该段，前后逻辑衔接紧密。故选D项。
【19题详解】
分析可知，后文“Ian Leslie explains it this way(伊恩·莱斯利这样解释)”中的“it”应是指代设空句，而后文“Curiosity is essential to an exploring mind; it opens our eyes to the new and undiscovered, encouraging us to seek out new experiences and meet new people.(好奇心对于探索的头脑来说是必不可少的；它让我们看到新的和未被发现的事物，鼓励我们寻找新的经验，结识新的人。)”讲到的“好奇心对新事物认知的推动作用”，即“it”，也就是设空句的含义。选项“Curiosity becomes a boost for new opportunities and new options.(好奇心成为新机会和新选择的动力。)”在句意上符合分析，为解释句同义句表达，同时在话题上呼应主旨句“It is also the generation of possibilities.(它也是各种可能性的产生。)”，符合分析。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Curiosity is the catalyst for questioning, and questioning is what urges us to seek out the unfamiliar and the unknown.(好奇心是质疑的催化剂，而质疑是促使我们去寻找不熟悉和未知的东西。)”可知，前文提出了质疑在探寻未知过程中的促进作用，由此可推知，设空句应承接此话题，继续讲述质疑的促进作用。选项B“Without questioning, knowledge becomes inactive.(没有质疑，知识就会变得不活跃。)”用双重否定的形式肯定了质疑对知识的促进作用，且该句主语“knowledge”与后文主语“It”相呼应，并在句意上与后文构成解释关系。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wu Ming, a young German born after 1995, is a big fan of Chinese culture. As he thought some diseases can’t be treated ___21___ with Western medicine, he decided to ___22___traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In 2015, Wu came to Henan province, where a strong TCM culture can be ___23___. After a year of learning, he ___24___ the language barrier and started to learn Chinese medicine. Wu always ___25___ some Chinese herbal medicine by himself to know their flavours and effects, just like Shen Nong, a character in Chinese legend. In Wu’s opinion, TCM is one of the best-preserved ___26___ of Chinese culture.
Studying TCM also ___27___ Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used to be ___28___ to electronic devices, playing video games every night. Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily ___29___, he now lives a(n) ____30____ and peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading.
Wu ____31____ what he has learned to help his family. He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit after ____32____ their skin or tongues online. Over time, his family gradually began to understand his ____33____ for TCM.
Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. “____34____ comes from being out of touch”, said Wu. He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic in Germany, which could serve as a(n) ____35____ between the two countries and publicize TCM and its culture.
21. A. immediately B. gradually C. thoroughly D. consistently
22. A. depend on B. dig into C. look up D. work out
23. A. created B. enjoyed C. advanced D. acknowledged
24. A. overcame B. seized C. divided D. shifted
25. A. raised B. sorted C. cooked D. tasted
26. A. aspects B. standards C. themes D. means
27. A. enriched B. secured C. expanded D. changed
28. A. exposed B. reduced C. restricted D. addicted
29. A. businesses B. recreations C. routines D. tasks
30. A. balanced B. wealthy C. humble D. efficient
31. A. employs B. promotes C. outlines D. conveys
32. A. scanning B. checking C. exploring D. comparing
33. A. concern B. wish C. demand D. passion
34. A. Misunderstanding B. Destruction C. Stress D. Failure
35. A. source B. basis C. bridge D. tool
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了德国人Wu Ming在中国学习中医并打算学成之后回国开设中医馆。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于他认为有些疾病不能用西医彻底治疗，他决定钻研中医。A. immediately立即；B. gradually逐渐地；C. thoroughly彻底地；D. consistently始终。根据后文“he decided to ___2___traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).”（他决定钻研中医）可知，他认为西医并不能彻底治愈疾病，所以想要学习中医。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于他认为有些疾病不能用西医彻底治疗，他决定钻研中医。A. depend on依赖；B. dig into钻研；C. look up查找；D. work out计算出。根据前句“As he thought some diseases can’t be treated ___1___ with Western medicine”（由于他认为有些疾病不能用西医彻底治疗）可知，他不认为西医能够彻底治愈疾病，所以打算学习中医。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，吴来到河南，在那里可以享受到浓厚的中医药文化。A. created创造；B. enjoyed享受；C. advanced前进；D. acknowledged承认。根据前文“he decided to ___2___traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)”（他决定钻研中医）可知，他想要学习中医，肯定要去一个有浓厚的中医氛围的地方。B项符合句意。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一年的学习，他克服了语言障碍，开始学习中医。A. overcame克服；B. seized抓住；C. divided划分；D. shifted转移。根据“After a year of learning”和“the language barrier”（语言障碍）可知，吴在来到中国一年后，克服了语言障碍。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吴总是亲自品尝一些中草药，以了解它们的味道和功效，就像中国传说中的神农一样。A. raised举起；B. sorted分类；C. cooked烹饪；D. tasted品尝。根据“just like Shen Nong, a character in Chinese legend.”（就像中国传说中的神农一样）可知，吴像中国神话中的神农一样品尝中医草药。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在吴看来，中医是中国文化保存最完好的方面之一。A. aspects方面；B. standards标准；C. themes主题；D. means方法。根据前文“Wu came to Henan province, where a strong TCM culture”可知，此处意指吴认为中医是中国文化保存得最好的之一。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习中医也改变了吴的思想和生活方式。A. enriched丰富；B. secured保护；C. expanded拓展；D. changed改变。根据后文“Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily ___9___, he now lives a(n) ___10___ and peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading.”（他不再被困在快节奏但不健康的日常生活中，现在过着平衡而平静的生活，养成了喝茶和阅读等好习惯。）可知，学习中医也改变了吴的生活习惯。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他过去沉迷于电子设备，每天晚上都玩电子游戏。A. exposed暴露；B. reduced减少；C. restricted限制；D. addicted上瘾。根据后文“Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily ___9___”（他不再被困在快节奏但不健康的日常生活中）及句意，此处意指吴以前沉溺在电子游戏中。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不再被困在快节奏但不健康的日常生活中，现在过着平衡而平静的生活，养成了喝茶和阅读等好习惯。A. businesses生意；B. recreations娱乐；C. routines日常活动；D. tasks任务。根据“he now lives a(n) ___10___ and peaceful life”（现在过着平衡而平静的生活）可知，吴改变了以往不健康的生活方式，不再做那些影响健康的日常活动。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不再被困在快节奏但不健康的日常生活中，现在过着平衡而平静的生活，养成了喝茶和阅读等好习惯。A. balanced均衡的；B. wealthy富有的；C. humble谦卑的；D. efficient有效率的。根据“peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading”（平静的）可知，吴现在的生活是平衡的和平静的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吴用他学到的东西来帮助他的家人。A. employs利用；B. promotes促进；C. outlines概括；D. conveys表达。根据后文“He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit after ___12___ their skin or tongues online.”（他总是在网上检查家人的皮肤或舌头后，给他们一些保持健康的建议。）可知，吴利用所学的中医知识帮助家里人保持健康。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是在网上检查家人的皮肤或舌头后，给他们一些保持健康的建议。A. scanning扫描；B. checking检查；C. exploring 探索；D. comparing比较。根据“He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit ”可知，吴利用中医医治方法--“望”来给家人一些健康上的建议，利用所学知识帮助了家人。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，他的家人逐渐开始理解他对中医的热爱。A. concern关注；B. wish希望；C. demand要求；D. passion热情。根据上文“ he decided to 　2　　　traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).”可知，此处意指家人理解了吴对中医的热爱。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吴说：“误解来自于不沟通。”A. Misunderstanding误解；B. Destruction破坏；C. Stress压力；D. Failure失败。根据前文“Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries.”（吴认为中国和西方国家没有太大的区别。）可知，吴认为中西方文化没有巨大差别，误解来自于不沟通。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他计划在德国开一家中国传统诊所，作为两国之间的桥梁，宣传中医及其文化。A. source来源；B. basis基础；C. bridge桥梁；D. tool工具。根据“between the two countries”（两国之间）可知，吴打算开设一个中医诊所，作为桥梁，在德国宣传中医及中国文化。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are certain things on the Earth that we must not lose. The great animal migration across the Serengeti Plains or the towering pyramids of Egypt are such examples. Every country is proud of ____36____ (it) cultural or natural heritage sites, ____37____ must be protected. We are lucky to have UNESCO to oversee such an important task. It sees heritage as our legacy from ____38____past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations as well as sources____39____irreplaceable inspiration.
The incredible splendour of heritage sites is a ____40____ (remind) of the power of nature and the genius of man. As a nature reserve, Jiuzhaigou Valley is home to snow-capped mountains, thick forests, impressive waterfalls and lakes. This dream-like scenery makes us realize that nature has____41____ (true) created a masterpiece. Similarly, standing in the shadow of the Borobudur Temple, as the sun rises over this grand historic building, we____42____ (impress) with the effort and determination of the people who ____43____(build) it with only primitive tools.
It is in heritage sites like this ____44____ we cannot help but be humbled, come to understand our limitations as human beings, and know that our duty is to protect them for generations ____45____ (come).
【答案】36. its
37. which 38. the
39. of 40. reminder
41. truly 42. are impressed
43. built 44. that
45. to come
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化和自然遗产的意义，并重点介绍了九寨沟。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：每个国家都为自己的文化或自然遗产感到自豪，这些遗产必须得到保护。提示词作定语修饰名词heritage sites，用形容词性物主代词its，意为“它的”。故填its。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：每个国家都为自己文化或自然遗产感到自豪，这些遗产必须得到保护。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词heritage sites，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它认为遗产是我们过去留下来的遗赠物，是我们今天生活的东西，是我们传给后代的东西，也是不可替代的灵感来源。the past为固定短语，意为“过往，昔日”。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：它认为遗产是我们过去留下来的遗赠物，是我们今天生活的东西，是我们传给后代的东西，也是不可替代的灵感来源。分析句子可知，此处应用介词短语作后置定语修饰名词sources，结合句意“灵感的来源”，应用介词of构成所属关系，表示“……的……”。故填of。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：令人难以置信的壮丽古迹提醒着人们自然的力量和人类的天才。结合句意和空格前不定冠词a可知，应填入单数名词reminder作表语，意为“提醒物；引起回忆的事物”。故填reminder。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：这梦幻般的风景让我们意识到大自然真的创造了一幅杰作。提示词作状语修饰动词created，应用副词形式truly，意为“真正地”。故填truly。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：同样，站在婆罗浮朵寺的阴影下，当太阳从这座宏伟的历史建筑上方升起时，我们对建造它的人仅用原始工具做出的努力和决心印象深刻。分析句子可知，impress(使铭记，使留下深刻印象)是主句谓语动词，与主语we之间是被动关系，结合从句时态可知应用一般现在时态，又因主语we是复数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语动词应用一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式。故填are impressed。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：同样，站在婆罗浮朵寺的阴影下，当太阳从这座宏伟的历史建筑上方升起时，我们对建造它的人仅用原始工具做出的努力和决心印象深刻。分析句子可知，build(建造)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who，即先行词people之间是主动关系，根据句意可知应用一般过去时态。故填built。
【44题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：正是在这样的遗产遗址中，我们不禁感到谦卑，认识到我们作为人类的局限性，认识到我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。去掉It is和空处句子依然完整，由此可知此处考查强调句，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that；本句中强调的是原句中地点状语“in heritage sites like this”，应用that。故填that。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：正是在这样的遗产遗址中，我们不禁感到谦卑，认识到我们作为人类的局限性，认识到我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。分析句子可知，come(到来)作后置定语修饰名词generations，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语generations之间是主动关系，且“come”这一动作尚未发生，所以应用动词不定式作后置定语，表示尚未发生。故填to come。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语社团准备举行以“Small Actions Can Make a Difference”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 介绍校园不良现象；
2. 提出合理的建议和措施。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
Dear students! Recently, I’ve found that many students do some behaviors harmful to our environment. They always chat with their friends on the lawn. Wherever they go, they tend to throw rubbish. Even worse, they discard food they don’t like to eat and some paper which can still be used.
Now, it’s time that we said no to these bad behaviors and protected our environment. We should keep away from the lawn and never throw rubbish at will. Moreover, we can choose to use both sides of paper as often as possible. If everyone does his bit, it will surely make a difference! Thank you for your listening!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“小行动也能带来改变”写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
垃圾：rubbish →garbage
此外：moreover →besides
远离：keep away from →stay away from
丢弃：discard →litter
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, I’ve found that many students do some behaviors harmful to our environment.
拓展句：Recently, I’ve found that many students do some behaviors that are harmful to our environment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Even worse, they discard food they don’t like to eat and some paper which can still be used. （使用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】If everyone does his bit, it will surely make a difference!（使用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
May 18, 1986, was the kind of beautiful, sunny day that regularly brought the Rodriguez family to Santa Catalina Island for some fishing on their nine-metre pleasure boat, the DC Too. They spent the day fishing in the Pacific Ocean, then left the island in the early evening.
Soon thick fog rolled in. Louise fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Trisha, at a table on the boat’s lower deck. Their father’s sharp orders frightened her awake: “Get out of the boat. It’s sinking!” Louise pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Rodriguez. Both girls wore life jackets,but the adults did not. Within seconds, the boat capsized, leaving just the tip of its bow in the air.
After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. Louise watched him disappear into the darkness. A while later, her mother went still. Then her sister died, too.
Pisano and Strasser, both 25, were going on a fishing expedition. The fog was so thick that they couldn’t even see the stern(船尾) of the boat. They decided to try one more spot before going home. Late that afternoon, the fog cleared and the sun started shining. On their return voyage, about 11 kilometres away from Catalina Island, Pisano noticed something yellow floating in the water.
Strasser steered(驾驶) the boat closer and Pisano jumped into the water. He swam toward the figure and grabbed the life jacket. Fortunately, Louise was saved and quickly sent to hospital. The little girl soon recovered, but the search for Louise’s father, sister and mother was in vain.
Louise was adopted by her aunt and uncle. She attended college, got married in 2013 and gave birth to a son. In her late 20s, Louise began to wonder about her rescuers. She even tried to find them but no luck. One day, Louise came across a magazine article featuring Pisano talking about the 1986 rescue.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing Pisano was the very person she was looking for, Louise decided to find him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Louise recognized her rescuer the moment she saw Pisano.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Realizing Pisano was the very person she was looking for, Louise decided to find him. For a very long time, she had been expecting a chance to meet Pisano and Strasser personally and express her gratitude to her rescuers. Without any delay, she contacted the magazine, asking for the detailed information of Pisano. That evening, Louise finally dialed the number. When there came the voice of Pisano, Louise could feel her heart beating wildly. Though it was about 1,000 kilometers from where Pisano lived, Louise was determined to fly to meet Pisano.
Louise recognized her rescuer the moment she saw Pisano. Taking a deep breath, Louise stepped forward and grasped the hands of Pisano tightly. “I’m Louise”, she said, her voice trembling with excitement and tears rolling down her cheeks. Pisano, now in his sixties, hugged Louise and patted her gently. Amid hugs, tears and surprise, Louise’s dream of finding her rescuers came true and now that she’d reunited with them, she hoped to stay connected forever.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了1986年5月18日，Louise一家在出游时发生意外，唯有Louise被外出打鱼的Pisano和Strasser救起幸存下来，后来被亲戚收养并结婚生子，在她20多岁时试图寻找当初的救命恩人，但是没有找到，直到有一天她偶然在杂志上看到一篇Pisano谈论1986年救援的文章。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“意识到Pisano就是她要找的人，Louise决定去找他。”可知，第一段可描写Louise通过杂志社联系上Pisano并决定去找他。
②由第二段首句内容“Louise一看到Pisano就认出了她的救命恩人。”可知，第二段可描写两人的见面经过。
2.续写线索：联系杂志社——拨通Pisano的号码——决心去找Pisano——两人见面并拥抱——感动、惊喜
3.词汇激活
行为类
①联系某人：contact sb/get in touch with sb
②决定做某事：be determined to do sth/decide to do sth
③拥抱：hug/embrace
情绪类
①感谢：express her gratitude/showing his appreciation
②激动：excitement/be in storm
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. When there came the voice of Pisano, Louise could feel her heart beating wildly.（由从属连词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Though it was about 1,000 kilometers from where Pisano lived, Louise was determined to fly to meet Pisano. （由从属连词though引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型3]. Amid hugs, tears and surprise, Louise’s dream of finding her rescuers came true and now that she’d reunited with them, she hoped to stay connected forever.（now that引导的原因状语从句）
听力答案：1-5BBCCA 6-10 ACCCA 11-15 BCACA 16-20 AABAC

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