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东南中学 2023-2024 学年度第一学期第二次质量检测
高一年级英语试卷
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow
A. Give a talk. B. Write a report. C. Watch a TV programme.
2. What did the woman dislike about the movie
A. The picture. B. The actors. C. The plot.
3. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Climbing a mountain. B. Visiting a temple. C. Running a race.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a clothing store. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the cleaner’s.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. An explorer. B. The South Pole. C. An objective.
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What musical instrument can Einstein play according to the man
A. The violin. B. The guitar. C. The piano.
7. What will some scientists do when they feel stressed according to the man
A. Do research work. B. Have a good sleep. C. Turn to sports or music.
听第 7 段材料，回苦第 8、9 题。
8.What is the conversation about
A. How much technology improved.
B. What life will be like in the future.
C. Why natural resources are running out.
9. What does the man mention at last
A. Smart homes. B. Solar energy. C. Traffic conditions.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Why did the man try to make much money in the past
A. To pay for his illness. B. To support poor families. C. To lead a comfortable life.
11. How did the man reduce stress
A. He sold all his cars. B. He changed his house. C. He didn’t work any more.
12. How does the man feel about his present life
A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. How does the woman feel about the ride called “The Volcano”
A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Uninterested.
14. What is the man trying to do
A. Persuade the woman to take the ride.
B. Introduce different rides to the woman.
C. Ask the woman to have pizza for lunch.
15. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Get on the ride. B. Visit a volcano. C. Have lunch.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man dislikes mushrooms.
B. The woman will treat the man to lunch.
C. The speakers have been to the park before.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What can people do in the "Gravity Chair”
A. See a rocket take off. B. Sleep in a special bed. C. Experience spacewalk.
18. What is the rule of the programmes
A Visitors must build a rocket.
B. Children under nine can’t take part.
C. People have to eat freeze-dried food.
19. What is the ticket price for kids
A. $325. B. $550. C. $875.
20. What is the talk mainly about
A. Space travel. B. Astronauts’ life. C. Camp activities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nurses are required in all areas of the medical field from hospitals and nursing homes to schools and the armed forces, heading to a great need of certified nurses. Here are some best universities for a degree in nursing.
Simmons College
Simmons College is a private women’s college founded in Boston in 1899. Nursing is the top major at the school as well as the most popular. The nursing graduates from Simmons make about $ 58, 000 every year.
Villanova University
Villanova University is a research university located in Radnor Township, Pennsylvania. Named after Saint Thomas of Villanova, the school is the oldest Catholic university in Pennsylvania. Nursing is a popular major and is offered as an online degree as well. The nursing graduates from Villanova make about $ 63,000 every year.
University of California, Los Angeles
The UCLA School of Nursing is known for its excellent education provided by a group of leaders in the medical field. The four-year program allows students to be qualified nurses through classroom learning and clinical training. A nursing degree from UCLA leads to positions in many hospitals and clinics, with a yearly income of about $ 84,000.
New York University
New York University attaches great importance to real-world experience. Along with taking classes in school, students mainly work in the health care environment receiving technical training Additionally, Nursing students of NYU College have the chance to study in Abu Dhabi, China and other countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. The education from NYU will prepare students to help doctors treat patients, earning a yearly income of about $ 86, 000.
1. If Nora has to look after her children at home, which university or college can she choose to get a nursing degree
A. Simmons College. B. Villanova University.
C. University of California, Los Angeles D. New York University.
2. What makes the UCLA School of Nursing famous
A. Its high-quality teaching. B. Its four-year program.
C. The clinical training it offers. D. The yearly income of graduates.
3. NYU College of Nursing focuses more attention on students’ __________
A. future income B. Learning environment
C. Practical training D. chance to study better
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。从医院和疗养院到学校和军队，医疗领域的所有领域都需要护士，这就导致了对合格护士的巨大需求。这篇文章介绍了一些提供护理学位最好的大学。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Villanova University中“Nursing is a popular major and is offered as an online degree as well. The nursing graduates from Villanova make about $63,000 every year.(护理是一个很受欢迎专业，也提供在线学位。维拉诺瓦的护理专业毕业生年薪约为6.3万美元)”可知，如果诺拉必须在家照顾孩子，她可以选择Villanova University大学获得护理学位。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据University of California, Los Angeles中“The UCLA School of Nursing is known for its excellent education provided by a group of leaders in the medical field.(加州大学洛杉矶分校护理学院以其在医学领域的杰出教育而闻名)”可知，其高质量的教学使加州大学洛杉矶分校护理学院闻名遐迩。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据University of California, Los Angeles中“The four-year program allows students to be qualified nurses through classroom learning and clinical training.(四年的课程让学生通过课堂学习和临床培训成为合格的护士)”可知，纽约大学护理学院更加注重学生的实践训练。故选C。
B
Microwave ovens provide an easy way to quickly heat food when hunger strikes. But does the convenience of microwave cooking come at the cost of losing nutrients of foods
The answer may surprise you.
Any kind of cooking method will result in some nutrient losses, so our concern is to what degree nutrients are damaged, explained Scott A. Rankin, professor and chair of the Department of Food Science at the University of Wisconsin-madison. “Typical microwave heating results in minimum losses of valuable nutrient losses in foods,” Rankin said.
The factors (因素) that affect nutrient losses in foods during cooking include time (the longer the food is cooked, the more nutrient loss); temperature (the more heat, the more losses); and the amount of liquid the food is cooked in (the more water, the more nutrient loss).
Microwave cooking sends out wavelengths that are absorbed by water molecules (分子) in food, which produce heat as they renosate (共振) with those wavelengths in food, Rankin explained. So heating food in a microwave often requires very little or no liquid at all.
Additionally, a conventional oven heats food from the outside in, so the surface of food can be exposed to extra heat by the time it reaches its target temperature, increasing the potential for nutrient loss. With microwave cooking, the temperature heats the food the same everywhere, so the point at which the food has reached the desired temperature is achieved with little nutrient damage, Rankin said.
Steaming in the microwave is preferable to sinking foods in water, which can result in a loss of nutrients. “You can use a microwave steaming plate with water in the bottom, or simply add your vegetables and a small amount of water to a microware-safe bowl and cover with microwave-safe plastic wrap, leaving one comer open to allow air to escape,” said Whitney Linsenmeyer, a registered dietitian and spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Whether you choose microwaving or conventional cooking methods, keep your cooking temperature low when possible. It's also best to use methods that require least added liquid, Linsenmeyer said.
4. In what aspect are microwave ovens different from conventional ones
A. Their heating principle B. Their wavelengths.
C. Their electric components. D. Their outside looks.
5. What does Rankin suggest in cooking
A. Wrapping the food with paper or plastic.
B. Focusing or the degree of nutrient loss.
C. Sinking the food in a microwave-safe bowl.
D. Steaming the container at a high temperature.
6. How is Paragraph 6 developed
A. By offering suggestions. B. By giving examples.
C. By making comparison. D. By drawing a conclusion.
7. Which cooking method will damage more nutrients of food
A. Starring with conventional ovens. B. Shortening cooking time.
C. Keeping the plate dry. D. Lowering cooking temperature.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现微波加热可以使食物中有价值的营养素损失降到最低。文章同时比较了微波炉加热和传统烤箱的加热原理，来说明传统烤箱更容易造成影响烹饪过程中食物营养的流失。同时说明无论你选择微波或传统的烹饪方法，保持你的烹饪温度低，最好使用添加液体最少的方法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段Microwave cooking sends out wavelengths that are absorbed by water molecules in food, which produce heat as they renosate with those wavelengths in food, Rankin explained. （兰金解释说，微波烹饪发出的波长被食物中的水分子吸收，当这些水分子与食物中的波长重新融合时，就会产生热量。）以及第六段中Additionally, a conventional oven heats food from the outside in, so the surface of food can be exposed to extra heat by the time it reaches its target temperature, increasing the potential for nutrient loss. （此外，传统的烤箱是从外面往里加热食物，所以当食物达到目标温度时，表面会暴露在额外的热量下，增加了营养流失的可能性。）可知微波炉的加热原理与传统的烤炉不同。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Typical microwave heating results in minimum losses of valuable nutrient losses in foods,” Rankin said.（Rankin说:“典型的微波加热使食物中有价值的营养素损失降到最低。”）可知Rankin主要看重营养流失的程度。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段主要内容为解释传统的烤箱的加热原理，与第五段介绍微波炉的加热原理形成对比。故第六段主要通过比较展开的。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中Additionally, a conventional oven heats food from the outside in, so the surface of food can be exposed to extra heat by the time it reaches its target temperature, increasing the potential for nutrient loss. （此外，传统的烤箱是从外面往里加热食物，所以当食物达到目标温度时，表面会暴露在额外的热量下，增加了营养流失的可能性。）可知用传统的烤箱会破坏食物的营养。故选A。
C
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in the wild. The new software will allow researcher and wildlife conservationists to greatly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published today in Science Advances.
“For species like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior from short-term field research can only tell us so much.” says Dan Sehofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Primate Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.”
The computers model was trained using over 10 million images (影像) from Kyoto University’s Primate Research Institute (PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individuals in a wide range of posed, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.
“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention (人工干预) or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”
The technology has potential for many uses, such as monitoring species for conservation. Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
8. What’s the purpose of developing the new software
A. To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the wild.
B. To keep track of wildlife conservationists’ behavior.
C. To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.
D. To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Getting photos. B. Analyzing videos.
C. The new AI software. D. A powerful machine.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The unique advantages of the new software.
B. Some limitations of using the new software.
C. The working principles of the new software.
D. Controversial attitudes to the new software.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The new software has a quite bright future.
B. The application of the technology can be tough.
C. Technology is the final goal of scientific research.
D. AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的人工智能软件，可以识别和追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部特征。这款新软件是第一个可以连续跟踪和识别各种姿势的软件，在低光照和低图像质量等困难条件下都能实现高精度。文章说明了软件的一些优势以及未来可应用的用途。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees in the wild.可知，牛津大学的科学家们开发了一种新的人工智能软件，可以识别和追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部特征。由此可知，开发新软件的目的是识别和追踪野生黑猩猩的脸。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.可知，这种人工智能软件使得长期测量黑猩猩的行为成为可能。由此可知，“it”一词指的是新的人工智能软件。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”可知，该研究的作者之一、牛津大学工程科学系的哲学博士研究生Arsha Nagrani说：“通过访问这个大的视频文件，我们可以使用最新的深度神经网络来训练模型，其规模在以前是不可能的。此外，我们的新软件与以前的灵长类面部识别软件不同，它可以应用于原始视频，只需要有限的人工干预或预处理，节省了大量时间。”由此可知，第四段主要讲了这款新软件的独特优势。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.可知，尽管目前的应用主要集中在黑猩猩身上，但所提供的软件也可以应用于其他物种，并有助于推动人工智能系统的应用，以解决野生动物科学中的一系列问题。由此可推知，这种新软件前途很光明。故选A。
D
When it comes to losing weight, many individuals know that the correct amount of exercise paired with healthy eating is the way to go. However, this doesn’t stop individuals from employing other small strategies into their routines to help the weight come off faster. The cold water technique uses the understanding that our metabolic (新陈代谢) rate will need to be increased in order to warm up the water we have consumed.
In 2003, a German research team chose to study fourteen participants and found that when they consumed ice water, they were able to increase their caloric consumption. According to the study, this consumption was increased by about 30% for over an hour, resulting in a 100 calorie burn per day with two liters of cold water. Now two liters of cold water a day is quite a lot to consume but for 100 calories burned a day, that’s a pretty major benefit considering how much exercise it takes just to burn 100-200 calories off. Unfortunately, later on, it was found that the way the study measured caloric consumption was flawed(有缺陷的) and that there wasn’t actually a 30% rise in metabolic rate but rather a very small statistical rise in calories spent.
Your body will work to bring any cold water that you consume up to the internal temperature through your metabolic system. It’s like when you place an ice cube into a warm drink, the drink will use up the energy to melt down the ice cube. Your body will use up the energy to heat that water up to match the environment within your body.
Drinking ice cold water should not replace healthy eating or exercise, but it can be used to help you burn away some extra calories.
12. When it comes to losing weight, some individuals will .
A. think exercise is the best way to lose weight
B. think we should only have healthy eating
C. use some small strategies to help them
D. first think of drinking cold water
13. What can be learned about the studies mentioned in the passage
A. The cold water can sharply increase the caloric consumption.
B. It turned out that the former study was not entirely correct.
C. Two liters of ice water can burn 30% calories.
D. The cold water can replace exercise.
14. The author holds the belief in this passage that .
A. drinking cold water can help people lose weight in a way
B. healthy eating needn’t be combined with exercise
C. people should drink more cold water to keep healthy
D. the study is unbelievable
15. From which is the text probably taken
A. Sports news B. A fashion magazine
C. A chemistry textbook D. A science magazine
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。有些人使用一些小策略来帮助他们自己更快地减肥，喝冷水减肥利用的是这样一种认识，文章说明了这一研究发现的经过，作者也指出喝冰水不应该取代健康的饮食或运动，尽管它可以用来帮助你燃烧一些额外的热量。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中When it comes to losing weight, many individuals know that the correct amount of exercise paired with healthy eating is the way to go. However, this doesn’t stop individuals from employing other small strategies into their routines to help the weight come off faster.可知说到减肥，很多人都知道正确的运动量和健康的饮食搭配才是正确的方法。然而，这并不能阻止人们在日常生活中采用其他小策略来帮助更快地减肥。由此可知，说到减肥，有些人会使用一些小策略来帮助他们自己更快地减肥。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Unfortunately, later on, it was found that the way the study measured caloric consumption was flawed and that there wasn’t actually a 30% rise in metabolic rate but rather a very small statistical rise in calories spent.可知不幸的是，后来人们发现，这项研究测量热量消耗的方法是有缺陷的，实际上代谢率并没有增加30%，只是消耗热量的数据上有一个很小的增长。由此可知，前一项研究并不完全正确。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Drinking ice cold water should not replace healthy eating or exercise, but it can be used to help you burn away some extra calories.可知喝冰水不应该代替健康的饮食或锻炼，但它可以用来帮助你燃烧掉一些额外的热量。由此可知，作者在这篇文章中认为，喝冷水在某种程度上可以帮助人们减肥。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中The cold water technique uses the understanding that our metabolic rate will need to be increased in order to warm up the water we have consumed.可知冷水技术利用的是这样一种认识，即为了暖化我们喝下的冷水，需要提高我们的新陈代谢率。结合文章主要说明了一项研究发现喝冷水可以有助于人们减肥，由此可推知，文章最有可能来自一本科学杂志。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hotels orbit Saturn’s pale orange moon, Titan. Cruise ships roam the docking stations like fish. Have you ever imagined making this future space travel in the fiction films a reality ___16___
Large companies and entire governments have teamed up to make space travel and exploration easier and quicker. Several countries are planning space missions between now and 2025. Some aim to build stations orbiting the moon. ___17___ Eventually, they maybe build settlements there!
Yet no human has traveled beyond Earth’s orbit since 1972. Money is part of the problem. To put a pound of anything in space costs about $10,000. Consider that the old NASA space shuttles carried 2.2 million pounds (998,000kg) of fuel alone. Once in space, we face the problem of enormous space. Current technology and fuels can propel spacecraft at around 36,000 miles (58,000 km) per hour. ___18___ Therefore, Human astronauts need some sort of new engine technology. Without it, they would not likely live long enough to complete journeys to other worlds.
___19___ Some human astronauts live and work in the International Space Station(ISS). They’re in small spaces far from home. They suffer mentally and emotionally. Moods sour. Depression kicks in. Clear thinking muddies. Fear runs high.
Accessing fresh food is another issue. Today, astronauts eat lots of freeze-dried meals.
___20___ We need those to be healthy. Of course, space doesn’t have grocery stores. Deep-space travelers may need to grow food on board. Unfortunately, good nutrition cannot fully protect an astronaut. All that time spent floating affects bones, muscles, and the blood. The body suffers damage from radiation streaming from stars and supernovas.
A. Others intend to land humans on Mars.
B. Freezing food reduces its vitamins and minerals.
C. Even if a trip fit within a lifetime, it wouldn’t be easy.
D. In some ways, we are on the edge of this imagined future.
E. Frozen food cannot provide them with enough good nutrition.
F. With that amazing speed, spacecrafts would carry astronauts to other worlds.
G. Even at that speed, it would take 78,000 years to reach the nearest star system.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太空旅行正在成为现实，大公司和整个政府已经联手使太空旅行和探索更容易、更快捷。但是其中仍然存在一切挑战和问题。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Hotels orbit Saturn’s pale orange moon, Titan. Cruise ships roam the docking stations like fish. Have you ever imagined making this future space travel in the fiction films a reality (酒店围绕着土星的淡橙色卫星土卫六运行。游轮像鱼儿一样在码头上游荡。你有没有想过把科幻电影里的未来太空旅行变成现实？)”以及第二段“Large companies and entire governments have teamed up to make space travel and exploration easier and quicker.(大公司和整个政府已经联手使太空旅行和探索更容易、更快捷)”可知，太空旅行正在成为现实。故D选项“在某些方面，我们正处于这种想象未来的边缘”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Large companies and entire governments have teamed up to make space travel and exploration easier and quicker. Several countries are planning space missions between now and 2025. Some aim to build stations orbiting the moon.(大公司和整个政府已经联手使太空旅行和探索更容易、更快捷。几个国家正在计划从现在到2025年的太空任务。一些国家的目标是在月球轨道上建立空间站)”可知，上文提到了一些国家的目标，可知本句是在说明其他一些国家的打算。A选项中Others与上文Some相对应。故A选项“另一些打算把人类送上火星”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Current technology and fuels can propel spacecraft at around 36,000 miles (58,000 km) per hour.(目前的技术和燃料可以推动航天器以每小时36000英里（58000公里）的速度飞行)”以及后文“Therefore, Human astronauts need some sort of new engine technology. Without it, they would not likely live long enough to complete journeys to other worlds.(因此，人类宇航员需要某种新的引擎技术。没有它，他们不可能活得足够长，完成前往其他世界的旅程)”可知，本句主要承接上文说明如今航天器的飞行速度存在不足。故G选项“即使以这样的速度，也需要78000年才能到达最近的星系”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Some human astronauts live and work in the International Space Station(ISS). They’re in small spaces far from home. They suffer mentally and emotionally. Moods sour. Depression kicks in. Clear thinking muddies. Fear runs high.(一些人类宇航员在国际空间站生活和工作。他们住在远离地球小空间里。他们在精神上和情感上都很痛苦。情绪恶化。抑郁开始了。清晰的思维模糊。恐惧情绪高涨)”可知，本段主要说明了太空旅行的不易之处。故C选项“即使一生只有一次旅行，也不容易”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据后文“We need those to be healthy.(我们需要这些来保持健康)”可知，本句主要说明保持健康所需的物质是什么，B选项中vitamins and minerals对应后文those。故B选项“冷冻食物会减少食物中的维生素和矿物质”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At twenty-three, I had no idea that a summer class I feared would change my life and help me achieve dreams.
The class focusing on literature centered on ____21____ and illness. A few weeks into the course, I realized I was changing my opinion about it ____22____ feeling scared. It was ____23____ me to go after my dreams and stop waiting for tomorrow to work towards my ____24____. As I drove to school one day, I ____25____ my wish list and realized l wanted to see my name on the ____26____ of a published book. Thus, I went home, sat down, and ____27____ what story I would tell.
Recently, I’d had ____28____ to several news stories about wrongful conviction (定罪). Inspired by them, l ____29____ I wanted to write about that topic and explore it more _____30_____. Therefore, I _____31_____ a green notebook, where I set out to write the first page of what would become my first novel. Four years later, my manuscript (原稿) was _____32_____ by a small publisher. The moment I received the e-mail, I told my husband the _____33_____ news, trembling and crying.
Even bigger _____34_____ were brought to life after that. I wrote more books and got picked up by one of the five publishers. Life may bring us a big surprise. Sometimes, the things we fear the most will eventually become the things that change us for the _____35_____.
21. A. evil B. kindness C. despair D. death
22. A. instead of B. due to C. except for D. less than
23. A. discouraging B. amusing C. inspiring D. disappointing
24. A. goals B. sites C. class D. adventure
25. A. remembered B. reviewed C. recovered D. reserved
26. A. page B. edge C. back D. cover
27. A. relied on B. reflected on C. carried on D. insisted on
28. A. access B. limit C. clue D. evidence
29. A. ensured B. attempted C. confirmed D. protested
30. A. carefully B. definitely C. fully D. independently
31. A. explored B. revised C. preferred D. chose
32. A. rejected B. unearthed C. received D. accepted
33. A. upsetting B. unbelievable C. embarrassing D. alarming
34. A. dreams B. legends C. beliefs D. memories
35. A. worst B. least C. best D. most
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一门以死亡和疾病为中心的文学课改变了作者对死亡与疾病的看法，不再对其感到恐惧，激励作者努力去追求自己的梦想并且最终实现梦想的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一课程聚焦于以死亡和疾病为中心的文学。A. evil邪恶，恶行；B. kindness善良；C. despair绝望；D. death死亡。根据下文“and illness”以及下文“It was ____3____ me to go after my dreams and stop waiting for tomorrow to work towards my ____4____. ”可知，设空处应填death“死亡”与illness并列，作者曾经对其感到恐惧，后来作者改变了看法，它激励作者不虚度光阴努力追求自己的梦想。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：课程开始几周后，我意识到我正在改变对它的看法，而不是感到害怕。A. instead of而不是；B. due to由于；C. except for除了；D. less than少于。根据上文“I was changing my opinion about it”可知作者改变对死亡与疾病的看法，不再感到害怕。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它激励我去追求我的梦想，不要再等待明天朝着我的目标努力。A. discouraging使泄气，阻止；B. amusing逗乐；C. inspiring激励，赋予灵感； D. disappointing使失望。根据下文“to go after my dreams and stop waiting for tomorrow to work towards my ____4____”可知，此处指激励作者去追求梦想。故选C。
24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它激励我去追求我的梦想，它激励我去追求我的梦想，不要再等待明天朝着我的目标努力。A. goals目标；B. sites现场，站点；C. class班级，等级；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“go after my dreams”可知，此处指朝着目标努力。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我开车去学校时，我回顾了我的愿望清单，意识到我想在一本出版的书的封面上看到我的名字。A. remembered记住；B. reviewed复习，审核；C. recovered恢复健康，重新获得；D. reserved预订，保留。根据空后的“my wish list and realized l wanted to see my name on the ____6____ of a published book”可知，作者在回顾自己的愿望。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我开车去学校时，我回顾了我的愿望清单，意识到我想在一本出版的书的封面上看到我的名字。A. page页；B. edge边缘；C. back背部；D. cover封面。根据空后“of a published book”以及下文“I set out to write the first page of what would become my first novel”可知作者的愿望是能够出版一本书，结合常识可知，出版的书封面上有作者的名字。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是，我回到家，坐下来思考我要讲什么故事。A. relied on依赖；B. reflected on反思；C. carried on继续；D. insisted on坚持。根据下文“what story I would tell”可知，作者在思考自己要写什么故事。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，我接触到了一些关于错误定罪的新闻报道。A. access进入，接触的机会； B. limit限制；C. clue线索；D. evidence证据。根据空后“to several news stories about wrongful conviction”以及“Inspired by them, l ____9____ I wanted to write about that topic and explore it more ____10____.”可知，作者接触到一些关于错误定罪的新闻报道，短语have access to“有机会接触，见到”符合语境。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到它们的启发，我确认我想写这个话题，并更全面地探索它。A. ensured确保； B. attempted企图，试图；C. confirmed确定，确信；D. protested抗议。根据下文“I wanted to write about that topic and explore it more ____10____.”以及“Therefore, I ____11____ a green notebook, where I set out to write the first page of what would become my first novel.”可知，作者确定自己想写关于错误定罪的话题的书。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：受到它们的启发，我确认我想写这个话题，并更全面地探索它。A. carefully小心地；B. definitely肯定地；C. fully充分地，完全地，全面地；D. independently独立地。根据句中“I wanted to write about that topic and explore it more”以及语境可知，可知作者想写这一话题，并对这一话题进行充分全面地探索。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我选择了一本绿色的笔记本，在那里我开始写会成为我的第一本小说的第一页。A. explored探索；B. revised修订；C. preferred更喜爱；D. chose选择。根据下文“a green notebook, where I set out to write the first page of what would become my first novel”可知，作者选择了一个绿色的笔记本在上面开始了自己的写作。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年后，我的手稿被一家小型出版商接受了。A. rejected拒绝；B. unearthed挖掘，揭露；C. received收到；D. accepted接受。根据空后“by a small publisher”以及下文“Even bigger ____14____ were brought to life after that. I wrote more books and got picked up by one of the five publishers.”可知，作者创作的原稿被一家小型出版商接受并将出版。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到电子邮件的那一刻，我颤抖着哭着告诉了丈夫这个令人难以置信的消息。A. upsetting令人沮丧的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. alarming使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的。根据上文“my manuscript (原稿) was ____12____ by a small publisher”以及句中“trembling and crying”可知，作者收到有出版商采用自己稿件的这一消息时觉得令人难以置信，是颤抖着、哭着把这一消息告诉丈夫。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，更大的梦想被实现了。A. dreams梦想；B. legends传奇；C. beliefs信念；D. memories记忆。根据上文“It was ____3____ me to go after my dreams and stop waiting for tomorrow to work towards my ____4____. As I drove to school one day, I ____5____ my wish list and realized l wanted to see my name on the ____6____ of a published book.”以及下文“I wrote more books and got picked up by one of the five publishers.”可知，作者实现了自己的梦想。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我们最害怕事情最终会变成让我们变得最好的事情。A. worst最差的；B. least最少的；C. best最好的；D. most 大多数的，最大数量的。根据上文“A few weeks into the course, I realized I was changing my opinion about it ____2____ feeling scared. It was ____3____ me to go after my dreams and stop waiting for tomorrow to work towards my ____4____.”可知，这门以死亡和疾病为中心的文学课改变了作者对死亡与疾病的看法，不再害怕，激励作者不再等待，努力去追求自己的梦想，并且最终实现自己的梦想；由此可知，作者认为我们最害怕的事情会让我们变得最好。故选C。
第II卷
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. The film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of________ takes place behind the scenes. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：你在银幕上看到的这部电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作都是在幕后进行的。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词a huge amount of hard work在从句作of的宾语，从句不完整，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37. Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors ______ (jump) up and down in front of a green screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】jumping
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《哈利波特》系列电影就是用这种方式拍摄的，演员们在绿幕前上蹿下跳。此处actor与jump为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填jumping。
38. ______ we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film-making. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】What
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：我们在电影屏幕上看到的只是电影制作的冰山一角。设空处引导主语从句，从句缺宾语，表示“看到的东西”应用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填What。
39. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are______ lower risk of diseases. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】at
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：研究还证明，爱运动的人往往有更好的免疫系统，患病风险也更低。固定短语at risk of... 冒……的危险。故填at。
40. Remember to drink throughout exercise ______ (make) up for water lost to sweat. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to make
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：记得在运动过程中喝水，以弥补因出汗而流失的水分。设空处在句中作非谓语，应用动词不定式的形式，作目的状语。故填to make。
41. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said ________(invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have invented
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式的完成式。句意：据说，13世纪的道家张三峰是从蛇和鸟之间的战斗中汲取灵感后发明了太极拳。根据句意，张三丰先从蛇和鸟之间的战斗中汲取灵感，然后发明了太极拳，表示过去发生的事对现在的影响，故用完成时(have done)。根据句子结构，表示“据说做某事”，故用be said to do sth.，设空处应用不定式。结合时态，故用不定式的完成式，故填to have invented。
42. 1did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression ______ me. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】on
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我不了解所有的传统习俗，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语make an impression on“给……留下印象”。故填on。
43. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes ______ (stand) in the street. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】standing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我可以看到一群大约20名巴西舞者和一个穿着奇装异服的乐队站在那里。此处为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，且a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes与stand为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填standing。
44. However, the high speed train has made______ much more convenient for them to go back home. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：然而，高速列车让他们回家更加方便。分析句子结构可知，空处缺made的宾语，结合句意可知，高速列车让他们回家更加方便，动词不定式“to go back home”是真正的宾语，故空处缺形式宾语it。故填it。
45. ______their arrival, they find Luo’s parents eagerly waiting for them. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】On##Upon
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：他们刚到家，就发现罗的父母正在急切地等着他们。on/upon +名词表示“刚一做某事（就）……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。故填On或Upon。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，现在在伦敦做交换生，学习电脑编程。你得知当地科技馆将举办国际智能机器人展览（International Intelligent Robot Exhibition）。请你给负责人Smith先生写封信，申请当志愿者。
内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 申请理由及自身优势；3. 表达期待。
注意事项：1. 字数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr.Smith,
I am an exchange student from China, learning computer programming here in London. The reason why I’m writing is to apply to be a volunteer for the coming International Intelligent Robot Exhibition.
To begin with, I’m crazy about robots and I want to take advantage of this opportunity to learn more about them, as well as sharing my opinions with those who are interested in designing robots. What’s more, having passed the required English level tests, I believe I can communicate with visitors without any difficulty. In addition, I hope to enrich my social experience through this volunteer activity.
Do hope you can take my application into consideration. I would appreciate it very much if you could offer me the chance.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求作为交换生的考生给伦敦当地科技馆负责任写封信，申请充当某国际智能机器人展览的志愿者。
【详解】词汇积累
首先：to start→To begin with
要求的：requested→required
交流：talk→communicate
容易地：easily→ without any difficulty
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, I hope to enrich my social experience through this volunteer activity.
拓展句：In addition, it is hoped that I can enrich my social experience through this volunteer activity.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To begin with, I’m crazy about robots and I want to take advantage of this opportunity to learn more about them, as well as sharing my opinions with those who are interested in designing robots. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] Do hope you can take my application into consideration. (运用了do+动词原形，表示强调)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 读后续写
George was so excited he could hardly wait to get to the store. He walked so fast that his sister Beth had to run. “Do you have to hurry like that ” she puffed. On his way from school he had seen that baseball cap in Rogers’ store window. Only a dollar and this was the last cap! George had looked at the cap a long time. He wanted it more than anything. Every boy at school had one.
George thought of his piggy hank, into which he put every coin for running errands (差使) for his family and neighbors.
George raced home, not stopping for anything. He held the fat iron pig, opened it carefully, and poured out the coins. Ten...twenty...thirty...ninety cents. If only he had one more dime (一角硬币)!
Lost in thought, George stared out the window. “What’s wrong, George ” asked Mother George told about the money and the cap. “If you give me what you have, I’ll add a dime,” Mother said, handing him a dollar bill.
George jumped up. “Oh, thanks, Mom. That’s great!” George gave all his coins to Mother and took the dollar bill. And away went George and Beth to the store with the dollar bill in George’s pocket.
They turned the last comer. Ahead was a group of boys and girls, talking heatedly and looking down at the sidewalk.
One of the children was Ronny, a new boy who had been in this town only a short time. Ronny’s father had been sick, so there wasn’t much money for extras - like baseball cap.
“What’s the matter ” Beth asked, anxiously.
“It’s Ronny,” answered one of them. “He’s been working and finally saved up a whole dollar, and now it’s lost!”
George went over to Ronny.
“We’ll all help look. We’ll find it!”
“I was going to get that last cap in Rogers’ window. I wanted it a lot. With that cap, I could join them.” Ronny said slowly.
Suddenly George remembered how Ronny had watched the fellows playing baseball, his eyes lighting up eagerly as they shouted and ran.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
George stared at the ground, thinking hard.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Forcing a smile, George showed Beth the empty pocket.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】George stared at the ground, thinking hard. That cap would make Ronny feel he really belonged to the fellow group. But he himself had longed for it so much. He bit his lower lips, with his hand tightly clutching the dollar. Ronny’s words constantly flashed through his mind. It hit him that he should do something nice for Ronny. He bent down and gave a shout, “Look! Look here!” They all crowded around. There almost hidden in the leaves was the unmistakable green of a dollar bill! Overwhelmingly excited and delighted, Ronny picked up the bill. “Come on!” someone shouted, and they then made a dash for the store. “Why not come together and get something else with your dollar ” Beth asked George.
Forcing a smile, George showed Beth the empty pocket. Eyes wide open, Beth uttered in surprise, “George, you didn’t really find Ronny’s dollar. It was yours.” George nodded, a broad smile flickering across his face. He explained in a calm tone that the baseball cap mattered a lot more to Ronny. With the cap, he thought, Ronny would feel it easier to fit in with others. After knowing what her brother had done, Beth felt a flush of pride flooding over her. And not far away from them, Ronny was among the group of boys, wearing his new cap. The look on his face made George feel good-very good. The one dollar had traded what he thought was more than a cap.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了乔治想买一顶一元的棒球帽，但他只有90分钱。妈妈给了他一张一元钞票，但在路上他们遇到了一个新来的男孩罗尼，他失去了存了很久的一元钞票。为了帮助罗尼，乔治把他的一元钞票给了罗尼。虽然一开始有些失落，但乔治意识到棒球帽对于罗尼来说更重要，因为它能让他更容易地融入同龄人中。最终，罗尼戴着自己的新帽子加入了他的同龄人，而乔治也感到很高兴。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“乔治盯着地面，沉思着。”可知，第一段可描写乔治决定帮助罗尼买取棒球帽的经过即把自己的钱当做是罗尼丢的钱送给罗尼。
②由第二段首句内容“乔治勉强笑了笑，把空口袋拿给贝丝看。”可知，第二段可描写贝丝知道了哥哥的所作所为后，一阵自豪感涌上心头以及乔治的感受。
2.续写线索：
乔治盯着地面，沉思着——乔治决定帮助罗尼——罗尼找到了一美元——乔治把一美元给了罗尼——贝丝知道了哥哥的所作所为——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①渴望：long for/thirst for/desire
②突然想到：hit/occur to
③说，讲：uttered /said/spoke
情绪类
①兴奋的，激动的：excited/agitated/thrilled
②高兴的：delighted/glad/happy
【点睛】[高分句型1] He bit his lower lips, with his hand tightly clutching the dollar.（运用了with的复合结构作状语）
[高分句型2] Overwhelmingly excited and delighted, Ronny picked up the bill.（运用了并列形容词短语作状语）
[高分句型3] He explained in a calm tone that the baseball cap mattered a lot more to Ronny.（运用了从属连词that引导的宾语从句）
1—5 ACABA 6—10 ACBAC 11—15 BBCAC 16—20 ACBBC东南中学 2023-2024 学年度第一学期第二次质量检测
高一年级英语试卷
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow
A. Give a talk. B. Write a report. C. Watch a TV programme.
2. What did the woman dislike about the movie
A. The picture. B. The actors. C. The plot.
3. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Climbing a mountain. B. Visiting a temple. C. Running a race.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a clothing store. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the cleaner’s.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. An explorer. B. The South Pole. C. An objective.
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What musical instrument can Einstein play according to the man
A. The violin. B. The guitar. C. The piano.
7. What will some scientists do when they feel stressed according to the man
A. Do research work. B. Have a good sleep. C. Turn to sports or music.
听第 7 段材料，回苦第 8、9 题。
8.What is the conversation about
A. How much technology improved.
B What life will be like in the future.
C. Why natural resources are running out.
9. What does the man mention at last
A. Smart homes. B. Solar energy. C. Traffic conditions.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Why did the man try to make much money in the past
A. To pay for his illness. B. To support poor families. C. To lead a comfortable life.
11. How did the man reduce stress
A. He sold all his cars. B. He changed his house. C. He didn’t work any more.
12. How does the man feel about his present life
A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. How does the woman feel about the ride called “The Volcano”
A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Uninterested.
14. What is the man trying to do
A. Persuade the woman to take the ride.
B. Introduce different rides to the woman.
C. Ask the woman to have pizza for lunch.
15. What do the speakers decide to do
A. Get on the ride. B. Visit a volcano. C. Have lunch.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The man dislikes mushrooms.
B. The woman will treat the man to lunch.
C. The speakers have been to the park before.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What can people do in the "Gravity Chair”
A. See a rocket take off. B. Sleep in a special bed. C. Experience spacewalk.
18. What is the rule of the programmes
A. Visitors must build a rocket.
B. Children under nine can’t take part.
C. People have to eat freeze-dried food.
19. What is the ticket price for kids
A. $325. B. $550. C. $875.
20. What is the talk mainly about
A. Space travel. B. Astronauts’ life. C. Camp activities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nurses are required in all areas of the medical field from hospitals and nursing homes to schools and the armed forces, heading to a great need of certified nurses. Here are some best universities for a degree in nursing.
Simmons College
Simmons College is a private women’s college founded in Boston in 1899. Nursing is the top major at the school as well as the most popular. The nursing graduates from Simmons make about $ 58, 000 every year.
Villanova University
Villanova University is a research university located in Radnor Township Pennsylvania. Named after Saint Thomas of Villanova, the school is the oldest Catholic university in Pennsylvania. Nursing is a popular major and is offered as an online degree as well. The nursing graduates from Villanova make about $ 63,000 every year.
University of California, Los Angeles
The UCLA School of Nursing is known for its excellent education provided by a group of leaders in the medical field. The four-year program allows students to be qualified nurses through classroom learning and clinical training. A nursing degree from UCLA leads to positions in many hospitals and clinics, with a yearly income of about $ 84,000.
New York University
New York University attaches great importance to real-world experience. Along with taking classes in school, students mainly work in the health care environment receiving technical training Additionally, Nursing students of NYU College have the chance to study in Abu Dhabi, China and other countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. The education from NYU will prepare students to help doctors treat patients, earning a yearly income of about $ 86, 000.
1. If Nora has to look after her children at home, which university or college can she choose to get a nursing degree
A. Simmons College. B. Villanova University.
C. University of California, Los Angeles D. New York University.
2. What makes the UCLA School of Nursing famous
A. Its high-quality teaching. B. Its four-year program.
C. The clinical training it offers. D. The yearly income of graduates.
3. NYU College of Nursing focuses more attention on students’ __________
A. future income B. Learning environment
C. Practical training D. chance to study better
B
Microwave ovens provide an easy way to quickly heat food when hunger strikes. But does the convenience of microwave cooking come at the cost of losing nutrients of foods
The answer may surprise you.
Any kind of cooking method will result in some nutrient losses, so our concern is to what degree nutrients are damaged, explained Scott A. Rankin, professor and chair of the Department of Food Science at the University of Wisconsin-madison. “Typical microwave heating results in minimum losses of valuable nutrient losses in foods,” Rankin said.
The factors (因素) that affect nutrient losses in foods during cooking include time (the longer the food is cooked the more nutrient loss); temperature (the more heat, the more losses); and the amount of liquid the food is cooked in (the more water, the more nutrient loss).
Microwave cooking sends out wavelengths that are absorbed by water molecules (分子) in food, which produce heat as they renosate (共振) with those wavelengths in food, Rankin explained. So heating food in a microwave often requires very little or no liquid at all.
Additionally, a conventional oven heats food from the outside in, so the surface of food can be exposed to extra heat by the time it reaches its target temperature, increasing the potential for nutrient loss. With microwave cooking, the temperature heats the food the same everywhere, so the point at which the food has reached the desired temperature is achieved with little nutrient damage, Rankin said.
Steaming in the microwave is preferable to sinking foods in water, which can result in a loss of nutrients. “You can use a microwave steaming plate with water in the bottom, or simply add your vegetables and a small amount of water to a microware-safe bowl and cover with microwave-safe plastic wrap, leaving one comer open to allow air to escape,” said Whitney Linsenmeyer, a registered dietitian and spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Whether you choose microwaving or conventional cooking methods, keep your cooking temperature low when possible. It's also best to use methods that require least added liquid, Linsenmeyer said.
4. In what aspect are microwave ovens different from conventional ones
A. Their heating principle B. Their wavelengths.
C. Their electric components. D. Their outside looks.
5. What does Rankin suggest in cooking
A. Wrapping the food with paper or plastic.
B. Focusing or the degree of nutrient loss.
C. Sinking the food in a microwave-safe bowl.
D. Steaming the container at a high temperature.
6. How is Paragraph 6 developed
A. By offering suggestions. B. By giving examples.
C. By making comparison. D. By drawing a conclusion.
7. Which cooking method will damage more nutrients of food
A. Starring with conventional ovens. B. Shortening cooking time.
C. Keeping the plate dry. D. Lowering cooking temperature.
C
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in the wild. The new software will allow researcher and wildlife conservationists to greatly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published today in Science Advances.
“For species like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior from short-term field research can only tell us so much.” says Dan Sehofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Primate Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.”
The computers model was trained using over 10 million images (影像) from Kyoto University’s Primate Research Institute (PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individuals in a wide range of posed, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.
“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention (人工干预) or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”
The technology has potential for many uses, such as monitoring species for conservation. Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
8. What’s the purpose of developing the new software
A. To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the wild.
B To keep track of wildlife conservationists’ behavior.
C. To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.
D. To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Getting photos. B. Analyzing videos.
C. The new AI software. D. A powerful machine.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The unique advantages of the new software.
B. Some limitations of using the new software.
C. The working principles of the new software.
D. Controversial attitudes to the new software.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The new software has a quite bright future.
B. The application of the technology can be tough.
C. Technology is the final goal of scientific research.
D. AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
D
When it comes to losing weight, many individuals know that the correct amount of exercise paired with healthy eating is the way to go. However, this doesn’t stop individuals from employing other small strategies into their routines to help the weight come off faster. The cold water technique uses the understanding that our metabolic (新陈代谢) rate will need to be increased in order to warm up the water we have consumed.
In 2003, a German research team chose to study fourteen participants and found that when they consumed ice water, they were able to increase their caloric consumption. According to the study, this consumption was increased by about 30% for over an hour, resulting in a 100 calorie burn per day with two liters of cold water. Now two liters of cold water a day is quite a lot to consume but for 100 calories burned a day, that’s a pretty major benefit considering how much exercise it takes just to burn 100-200 calories off. Unfortunately, later on, it was found that the way the study measured caloric consumption was flawed(有缺陷的) and that there wasn’t actually a 30% rise in metabolic rate but rather a very small statistical rise in calories spent.
Your body will work to bring any cold water that you consume up to the internal temperature through your metabolic system. It’s like when you place an ice cube into a warm drink, the drink will use up the energy to melt down the ice cube. Your body will use up the energy to heat that water up to match the environment within your body.
Drinking ice cold water should not replace healthy eating or exercise, but it can be used to help you burn away some extra calories.
12. When it comes to losing weight, some individuals will .
A. think exercise is the best way to lose weight
B. think we should only have healthy eating
C. use some small strategies to help them
D. first think of drinking cold water
13. What can be learned about the studies mentioned in the passage
A. The cold water can sharply increase the caloric consumption.
B. It turned out that the former study was not entirely correct.
C. Two liters of ice water can burn 30% calories.
D. The cold water can replace exercise.
14. The author holds the belief in this passage that .
A. drinking cold water can help people lose weight in a way
B. healthy eating needn’t be combined with exercise
C. people should drink more cold water to keep healthy
D. the study is unbelievable
15. From which is the text probably taken
A. Sports news B. A fashion magazine
C. A chemistry textbook D. A science magazine
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hotels orbit Saturn’s pale orange moon, Titan. Cruise ships roam the docking stations like fish. Have you ever imagined making this future space travel in the fiction films a reality ___16___
Large companies and entire governments have teamed up to make space travel and exploration easier and quicker. Several countries are planning space missions between now and 2025. Some aim to build stations orbiting the moon. ___17___ Eventually, they maybe build settlements there!
Yet no human has traveled beyond Earth’s orbit since 1972. Money is part of the problem. To put a pound of anything in space costs about $10,000. Consider that the old NASA space shuttles carried 2.2 million pounds (998,000kg) of fuel alone. Once in space, we face the problem of enormous space. Current technology and fuels can propel spacecraft at around 36,000 miles (58,000 km) per hour. ___18___ Therefore, Human astronauts need some sort of new engine technology. Without it, they would not likely live long enough to complete journeys to other worlds.
___19___ Some human astronauts live and work in the International Space Station(ISS). They’re in small spaces far from home. They suffer mentally and emotionally. Moods sour. Depression kicks in. Clear thinking muddies. Fear runs high.
Accessing fresh food is another issue. Today, astronauts eat lots of freeze-dried meals.
___20___ We need those to be healthy. Of course, space doesn’t have grocery stores. Deep-space travelers may need to grow food on board. Unfortunately, good nutrition cannot fully protect an astronaut. All that time spent floating affects bones, muscles, and the blood. The body suffers damage from radiation streaming from stars and supernovas.
A. Others intend to land humans on Mars.
B. Freezing food reduces its vitamins and minerals.
C. Even if a trip fit within a lifetime, it wouldn’t be easy.
D. In some ways, we are on the edge of this imagined future.
E. Frozen food cannot provide them with enough good nutrition.
F. With that amazing speed, spacecrafts would carry astronauts to other worlds.
G. Even at that speed, it would take 78,000 years to reach the nearest star system.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At twenty-three, I had no idea that a summer class I feared would change my life and help me achieve dreams.
The class focusing on literature centered on ____21____ and illness. A few weeks into the course, I realized I was changing my opinion about it ____22____ feeling scared. It was ____23____ me to go after my dreams and stop waiting for tomorrow to work towards my ____24____. As I drove to school one day, I ____25____ my wish list and realized l wanted to see my name on the ____26____ of a published book. Thus, I went home, sat down, and ____27____ what story I would tell.
Recently, I’d had ____28____ to several news stories about wrongful conviction (定罪). Inspired by them, l ____29____ I wanted to write about that topic and explore it more _____30_____. Therefore, I _____31_____ a green notebook, where I set out to write the first page of what would become my first novel. Four years later, my manuscript (原稿) was _____32_____ by a small publisher. The moment I received the e-mail, I told my husband the _____33_____ news, trembling and crying.
Even bigger _____34_____ were brought to life after that. I wrote more books and got picked up by one of the five publishers. Life may bring us a big surprise. Sometimes, the things we fear the most will eventually become the things that change us for the _____35_____.
21. A. evil B. kindness C. despair D. death
22. A. instead of B. due to C. except for D. less than
23. A. discouraging B. amusing C. inspiring D. disappointing
24. A. goals B. sites C. class D. adventure
25. A. remembered B. reviewed C. recovered D. reserved
26. A. page B. edge C. back D. cover
27. A. relied on B. reflected on C. carried on D. insisted on
28. A. access B. limit C. clue D. evidence
29. A. ensured B. attempted C. confirmed D. protested
30. A. carefully B. definitely C. fully D. independently
31. A. explored B. revised C. preferred D. chose
32. A. rejected B. unearthed C. received D. accepted
33. A. upsetting B. unbelievable C. embarrassing D. alarming
34. A. dreams B. legends C. beliefs D. memories
35. A. worst B. least C. best D. most
第II卷
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. The film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of________ takes place behind the scenes. （用适当的词填空）
37. Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors ______ (jump) up and down in front of a green screen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. ______ we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film-making. (用适当的词填空)
39. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are______ lower risk of diseases. (用适当的词填空)
40. Remember to drink throughout exercise ______ (make) up for water lost to sweat. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said ________(invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42. 1did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression ______ me. (用适当的词填空)
43. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes ______ (stand) in the street. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. However, the high speed train has made______ much more convenient for them to go back home. (用适当的词填空)
45. ______their arrival, they find Luo’s parents eagerly waiting for them. (用适当的词填空)
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，现在在伦敦做交换生，学习电脑编程。你得知当地科技馆将举办国际智能机器人展览（International Intelligent Robot Exhibition）。请你给负责人Smith先生写封信，申请当志愿者。
内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 申请理由及自身优势；3. 表达期待。
注意事项：1. 字数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 读后续写
George was so excited he could hardly wait to get to the store. He walked so fast that his sister Beth had to run. “Do you have to hurry like that ” she puffed. On his way from school he had seen that baseball cap in Rogers’ store window. Only a dollar and this was the last cap! George had looked at the cap a long time. He wanted it more than anything. Every boy at school had one.
George thought of his piggy hank, into which he put every coin for running errands (差使) for his family and neighbors.
George raced home, not stopping for anything. He held the fat iron pig, opened it carefully, and poured out the coins. Ten...twenty...thirty...ninety cents. If only he had one more dime (一角硬币)!
Lost in thought, George stared out the window. “What’s wrong, George ” asked Mother George told about the money and the cap. “If you give me what you have, I’ll add a dime,” Mother said, handing him a dollar bill.
George jumped up. “Oh, thanks, Mom. That’s great!” George gave all his coins to Mother and took the dollar bill. And away went George and Beth to the store with the dollar bill in George’s pocket.
They turned the last comer. Ahead was a group of boys and girls talking heatedly and looking down at the sidewalk.
One of the children was Ronny, a new boy who had been in this town only a short time. Ronny’s father had been sick, so there wasn’t much money for extras - like baseball cap.
“What’s the matter ” Beth asked, anxiously.
“It’s Ronny,” answered one of them. “He’s been working and finally saved up a whole dollar, and now it’s lost!”
George went over to Ronny.
“We’ll all help look. We’ll find it!”
“I was going to get that last cap in Rogers’ window. I wanted it a lot. With that cap, I could join them.” Ronny said slowly.
Suddenly George remembered how Ronny had watched the fellows playing baseball, his eyes lighting up eagerly as they shouted and ran.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
George stared at the ground, thinking hard.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Forcing a smile, George showed Beth the empty pocket.
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