资源简介

(共55张PPT)
2024年中考英语专项复习
句法部分： 谓语动词的时态（二）课件
（含2023中考真题）
目录
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
现在进行时
用法
表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，常和now连用。有时也会用一个动词如look(看)或listen(听)等来表示now(现在)这一时间概念。
e.g. He is watching TV now.
现在进行时 (Present Progressive Tense)
e.g. Look! The dog is running after the man.
e.g. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作,但此刻动作不一定正在进行。常与at present, this week, these days 等时间状语连用。
e.g. We are working on a farm these days.
e.g. I’m reading a history book this month.
e.g. Which lesson are you studying this week
e.g. Hello, Tom, are you still working in that bank
与always, usually, again, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作，常常含有赞扬、不满、厌烦等感彩。
e.g. You are always talking in class. It’s rude.（表不满）
e.g. She’s always thinking of others. （表赞扬）
表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，常用于这些动词：go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay等。
e.g. I’m not going out tonight. I’m staying at home.
e.g. When is Helen coming home
基本结构
主语 + be(am/is/are) + 现在分词*+...
e.g. I’m watching TV now.
否定结构
主语+be(am/is/are)+ not +现在分词+...
e.g. I’m not studying.
* 动词现在分词的构成详见同系列词法复习专题中的动词的基本形式。
e.g. They are travelling in Europe these days.
e.g. Look! The man is flying a kite.
e.g. They are not playing football.
一般疑问句结构及回答
Be(Is/Are)+主语+现在分词+...
e.g. — Is she still studying abroad
— Yes, she is./No, she isn’t.
回答：Yes, 主语+be动词.
No, 主语+be动词+ not.
e.g. — Are your parents travelling in South Africa
— Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
特殊疑问句结构及回答
特殊疑问词+be(is/are)+主语+现在分词+...
回答:不能用Yes/No.回答，应该根据特殊疑问词进行
具体回答。
e.g. — What are they doing now
— They are visiting a science museum.
e.g. — What course are you taking at weekends
— I’m taking a piano course.
Watch the video and perceive the usage of present progressive tense.
过去进行时
过去进行时(Past Progressive Tense)
用法
表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。
e.g. Jack was playing basketball with friends yesterday afternoon.
e.g. We didn’t go shopping as it was raining heavily.
e.g. — What were you doing at eight last night
— I was taking a shower at that time.
用于when和while引导的时间状语，表示一个动作发生时，另外一个动作正在进行。
e.g. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.
e.g. While Tom was doing his homework, Peter was playing
basketball at school.
e.g. Tom came back when/while I was cooking dinner.
表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作。
e.g. She went to see David. He was leaving early the next morning.
e.g. Helen asked her husband if he was coming back for lunch.
基本结构
主语 + be(was/were) + 现在分词...
e.g. I was watching TV then.
否定结构
主语+be(was/were)+ not + 现在分词+...
e.g. I wasn’t watching TV then.
e.g. They were cooking when I came home.
e.g. They were not cooking when I came home.
一般疑问句结构及回答
Be(Was/Were)+主语+现在分词+...
e.g. — Were you doing your homework at that time
— Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t.
回答：Yes, 主语+be动词.
No, 主语+be动词+ not.
e.g. — Was the boy crying when you met him
— Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t.
特殊疑问句结构及回答
特殊疑问词+be(was/were)+主语+现在分词+...
回答:不能用Yes/No.回答，应该根据特殊疑问词进行
具体回答。
e.g. — What were you doing when I called you last night
— I was doing my homework.
e.g. — When were you dancing yesterday
— We were dancing from nine to ten last night.
表示状态、思想、情感和感觉的动词一般不能表示正在进行的动作，因此，这类动词一般不用于进行时态（现在进行时及过去进行时）。
感官动词 taste, smell, hear, look, notice等
表示态度、感情的动词 like, love, hate, desire, wish, mind, appreciate, fear, envy等
表示心理状态的动词 know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, suppose, want, prefer 等
表示存在状态和持续的动词 seem，be, appear, cost, weigh, continue等
表示占有的动词 belong to, have , own, possess等
Watch the video and perceive the usage of past progressive tense.
现在完成时
用法
现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)
表示过去发生或者已经完成的动作对于现在造成的影响和结果。常与这些副词及短语连用：just, already, yet, recently, before, ever, never, twice, so far, in the past three years等。
e.g. I have already seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.
e.g. All the tickets have sold out.
e.g. He has just finished his homework.
e.g. I have never talked with Mr. Li before.
表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。常与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点 / 从句”连用，这时的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
e.g. I have known Grace since my childhood.
e.g. The Smiths have stayed in the hotel since two weeks ago.
e.g. He has lived in Beijing for 30 years.
e.g. — How long have you studied English
— I have studied English for seven years.
延续性动词
非延续性动词
延续性动词：表示能够延续的动作，如：study, work, stand, lie, stay, live, sleep, have等，可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
非延续性动词：表示不能延续的动作，又称为终止性动词或瞬间性动词，如：leave, arrive, die, join, buy, open, close, go, finish等。不能与表示时间段的状语连用。
e.g. I have lived here for 10 years.
I have bought the book.
I have bought the book for two days.
该如何改正呢？
常见的非延续动词变延续性动词
I have bought the book for two days.
I have had the book for two days.
非延续性动词（词组） 延续性动词（词组）
become be
borrow keep
buy have
get up be up
fall asleep be asleep
make friends be friends
finish be over
leave be away (from)
非延续性动词（词组） 延续性动词（词组）
open be open
close be closed
lose be lost
die be dead
join be a member of / be in
begin/start be on
come/go be here/there
turn on/off be on/off
表示经验或经历，即从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事情，常与以下副词连用：never, once, twice, three times, so far等。
e.g. I have been to the Summer Palace three times.
e.g. He has never visited Louvre Museum before.
e.g. My parents have been to Beijing many times, so they
are very familiar with the city.
have been to
have gone to
have/has been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，暗含现在已不在那里了（已归来）。后可接次数，如 once, twice, three times 等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。 My sister has been to Dalian twice. 我姐姐去过大连两次。
Have you ever been to the West Lake 你曾经去过西湖吗
have/has gone to 表示“已经去某地了”，暗含说话时该人不在现场。（去而未归） — Where is Jim 吉姆在哪里
— He has gone to England.他去英国了。 (尚未回来)
基本结构
主语 + 助动词(have/has) + 过去分词*+...
e.g. I have bought many books about European
history.
e.g. They have finished the housework.
* 动词的过去分词的构成详见同系列词法复习专题中的动词的基本形式。
否定结构
e.g. The Simpsons haven’t been to Canada since the day they left.
e.g. Eric hasn’t got his plane ticket yet.
主语 + 助动词(have/has) + not + 过去分词*+...
一般疑问句结构及回答
助动词(Have/Has)+主语+过去分词+...
e.g. — Have you ever read Sherlock Holmes
— Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
回答：Yes, 主语+have/has.
No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t.
e.g. — Has he decided which book to write about yet
— Yes, he has./No, he hasn’t.
特殊疑问句结构及回答
特殊疑问词+助动词(have/has)+主语+过去分词+...
回答:不能用Yes/No.回答，应该根据特殊疑问词进行
具体回答。
e.g. — How long have you been here
— I have been here since I was a child.
e.g. — How many times has Tina been to the Great Wall
— She has been to the Great Wall three times.
一般过去时
现在完成时
现在完成时与一般过去时都表示在过去做的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等;
一般过去时则只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。
所以，一些表示过去的固定时间状语只能与一般过去时连用，如ago,last或由when(何时)引起的问句都不能与现在完成时连用。
I have just cleaned my room.
I cleaned my room yesterday.
How long have you studied English
When did you start to study English
Watch the video and perceive the usage of present perfect tense.
【中考链接】
I saw Harry in February and I ________ him since then.
A. didn’t see B. won’t see
C. haven’t seen D. don’t see
C
（2023.江苏徐州）
【中考链接】
We ________ on the countryside road when a sudden storm hit, so we made our way back.
A. jogged B. were jogging
C. have jogged D. will jog
B
（2023.江苏常州）
【中考链接】
—Tina, I called you just now but nobody answered.
—Oh, I ________ a shower.
A. am taking B. was taking C. has taken
B
（2023.山东菏泽）
【中考链接】
— Where’s your brother, Bob
— Look! He ________ the car in the yard.
A. is cleaning B. cleaned
C. cleans D. will clean
A
（2023.辽宁丹东）
【中考链接】
We ________ friends since I came to this school.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
D
（2023.辽宁丹东）
【中考链接】
Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science.
A. is learning B. was learning
C. will learn D. has learned
D
（2023.北京）
【中考链接】
— My father and I ________ a lot of photos at the same place
in the past ten years.
— Those photos must be your valuable memories.
A. have taken B. will take C. take D. were taking
A
（2023.江苏宿迁）
【中考链接】
I_____China for three months and this is the first time I've tried on hanfu.
A. have gone to B. have been to
C. have arrived in D. have been in
D
（2023.江苏扬州）
【中考链接】
— Who will talk about the development of American country
music next week
— I suggest Brad. He __________ in Nashville, the home of
country music, since he was a child.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live
C
（2023.武汉）
【中考链接】
Some students __________Taiji over there. Let's go and join them.
A. play B. played
C. are playing D. were playing
C
（2023.河北）
中考真题专项练习
The workers _________ the community center now.
A. cleaned B. were cleaning
C. will clean D. are cleaning
D
I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A. think B. will think
C. was thinking D. am thinking
C
— Is your father at home, Jill
— No. He ________ his car outside.
A. was washing B. will wash C. is washing
C
—You look tired!
—My husband _______ football matches all night. That was too noisy!
A. watches B. has watched
C. was watching D. will watch
C
So far, red tourism (旅游业) ________ quickly and it’s becoming more and more popular.
A. developed B. will develop C. has developed
C
—You look pretty busy. What’s up
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A. prepare B. have prepared
C. are preparing D. were preparing
C
We ________ each other since we met in the last summer camp.
A. won’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see
B
When the teacher got into the classroom, Xiaoming ________ a novel.
A. read B. reads C. is reading D. was reading
D
—I haven’t seen Li Ming for days. Why
—He ________ Beijing. He will come back next month.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. will go to
B
I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call because I ______ music.
A. listen to B. listened to
C. was listening to D. am listening to
C
—May I speak to Wang Li
—Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month.
A. left B. has left C. has been away D. went away
C
THANK YOU!

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