资源简介

(共42张PPT)
Unit 3 The environment
Study skills
Culture corner
More practice
Brainstorm
A Plastic Bottle
useful
water & drinks
everywhere
throw away
pollution
…
Part I Lead-in
塑料因其具有腐蚀能力、制造成本低、耐用、防水、质轻、是良好的绝缘体等优点，被广泛应用于生活和工业中。但是，它同样具有致命的缺点，为我们的生活带来严重的危害。
对环境的危害
由于塑料的缺点，在我们使用和生产的过程中，无疑对我们的环境，造成了极大的破坏。
塑料袋会使得排水口和水槽堵塞，由此会导致水不流通和溢出。由于很多疾病是水中的细菌引起的，不流通的水会成为这些细菌的繁殖生长场所，从而造成许多疾病的传播。
不流通的水还会引发洪水。据说，1988年和 1998年孟加拉国的土地有三分之二被洪水淹没，主要原因是塑料袋将排水系统堵塞而造成的。
堵塞排水口和水槽，造成疾病传播和洪水
塑料将地下水管堵塞，造成污水上涌，严重污染了人类生活的环境。
污染农作物和田地
塑料袋残留于土壤中，会造成土块板结、地下水难下渗、土壤产生盐碱化，影响农作物吸收养分和水分，导致农作物大幅度减产。
大气污染
塑料袋被当作垃圾焚烧时所产生的烟雾会造成大气污染，而且这种烟雾对人体有害，会引发呼吸器官的疾病。
潜在危害
潜在危害是指废塑料制品进入自然环境后难以降解而带来的长期的深层次环境问题。据了解，塑料制品既不容易被微生物腐蚀，也不容易自行降解，留下了不少“后遗症”：
制作过程中使用的有毒添加剂慢慢释放出来，会污染水和大气；
废塑料制品很难回收利用，如果将其填埋，200年的时间不降解，会导致大片土地被长期占用，且被占用的土地长期得不到恢复，影响土地的可持续利用，加剧土地资源的压力。不仅我们这代要被垃圾包围，也会使子孙后代失去生存的空间。
塑料的回收利用方法
1.目前处理废旧塑料的方法大致有焚烧、填埋和回收再利用。但是焚烧过程会产生大量的有害气体，而填埋后土壤中残留的塑料碎片会影响土壤的透气性，影响农作物。不是理想的处理方法。
2.从经济和环境友好的角度，回收利用的方法更适合可持续发展和和环保的要求。
废塑料处理现状
从现有的技术经济评价看，废塑料处理成本中收集成本占有很大比重，废塑料处理的经济性关键是在原料的收集上，应更多地归结为社会问题。
一方面政府应提供更多的行政、立法支持；另一方面，应建立有效的废塑料收集体系，以降低收集成本。除收集成本外，由于废塑料炼油的产品主要是液体燃料，其市场竞争力与能源供需状况紧密相关，特别是石油产品的价格往往具有决定作用。
当今各国政府相继通过经济、行政和立法等手段扶持废塑料回收事业，如资助经费、对产品减税或免税。美国1992年已有42个州制定了废塑料回收再资源化的“再循环条例”；日本政府在1991年4月公布了“关于再生资源促进利用的法律”；德国法律强令于1995年前64％的塑料包装物必须回收利用。为了便于废弃塑料制品的回收利用，美国、欧洲、澳大利亚、日本等要求厂家对塑料制品做出标记，注明所用材料。
More practice
How is the plastic bottle feeling
Look at the picture and answer the question below.
Part II More practice
A plastic bottle was put
on a supermarket shelf.
A women picked it up and
put it in her basket, and then
the women took it home.
The Journey of a Plastic Bottle
It was put in the fridge.
A boy took it out of the fridge
and drank the water inside it.
It was thrown into a dustbin, And then into the back of a truck with other rubbish.
It was in a terrible place with ugly things and horrible smell.
It would have to stay there
for thousands of years.
Answer the questions below.
1. At the beginning of the story, what was inside the
plastic bottle
Water.
2. What happened to the plastic bottle on the next day
after the woman threw it away
A man took it out of the dustbin and threw it into
the back of a truck. Then it was pushed together
with the other rubbish and was soon completely flat.
3. What will happen to this plastic bottle
It will stay in the ground for thousands of years.
It stayed ____________________ with its brothers and sisters.
It was __________________ and _____________.
It was ___________________.
It was __________________ and _____________ _________________________.
on a supermarket shelf
picked up by a woman
taken to her home
put in the fridge
taken out of the fridge
the water inside
it was drunk
It was ___________________.
thrown into a dustbin
It was thrown into ___________________.
It was ______________________________ and _________________.
It stayed in a terrible place with _____________ and _________________.
It was ________________________.
the back of a truck
pushed with the rest of the rubbish
completely flat
ugly things
horrible smells
covered with a layer of soil
短语收藏夹
1. have a normal life
2. the same as
3. full of ...
4. pick up
5. the rest of
6. for a while
7. wake up
8. keep doing
9. cover … with …
10. thousands of
11. somewhere else
过正常的生活
与……一样
装满，充满
捡起
剩下的……；其余的……
一会儿
醒来
不断做某事；继续做某事
用…覆盖..
成千上万的
其他地方
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 我们在这里找不到汤姆。他肯定是去了其他地方。
We can’t find Tom here. He must have gone
_________ _____.
2. 你只要不断地学习，你就会取得进步。
As long as you _____ _______________, you will
make progress.
3. 经过训练的狗可以充当盲人的向导。
A trained dog can _____ _____ a guide to a blind
person.
somewhere else
keep studying / learning
act as
4. 他们结婚后过着幸福的生活。
After they got married, they ________ __ ______
____.
5.海上有成千上万只海鸥。
There are _________ _____ seagulls on the sea.
6.郭明义是我们的榜样，我们应该向他学习。
Guo Mingyi is our _____ ______. We should
learn from him.
role model
had / lived a happy
life
thousands of
Language points
The woman took me home and put me in the fridge.
这个女人把我带回家并且把我放进冰箱里。
解析：take ... home 意为“把……带回家”，注意home 在此为副词，其前面不能有介词 to。“把……带到某地”则用“take ... to + 地点名词”表达。例如：
妈妈，这只小狗很可爱。我可以把它带回家吗？
Mum, the little dog is lovely. Can I take it home
我只好把这个老人带到派出所。
I had to take the old man to the police station.
Then I was pushed together with the rest of the
rubbish. 然后我和其余的垃圾被压在一起。
解析：the rest of 意为“其余的；剩余的”，后面可接可数名词、不可数名词或代词；该短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与其后面的名词的单复数保持一致。例如：
我们踢足球时，你们其余的人做什么呢？
What will the rest of you do when we play football
我爷爷在老家度过他的余生。
My grandpa spent the rest of his life in my hometown.
When I woke up, I found myself in a terrible place.
当我醒来时，我发现自己在一个很可怕的地方。
find oneself 表示“某人（不知不觉）发现自己处于某种境地”。例如：
他边走边想计划，发现自己来到公园门口。
He was thinking about his project while walking and found himself at the gate of the park.
I kept hoping that I would be moved somewhere else.我不停地希望我能被移到其他地方。
解析：else 意为“别的（地）；其他的（地）”，可用作形容词和副词，置于不定代词或不定副词以及疑问代词或疑问副词之后。例如：
我们到公园去了，其他地方没去。
We went to the park and nowhere else.
还有谁要去参加会议？
Who else will go to the meeting
I asked another bottle what would happen to us.
我问另一个瓶子我们会发生什么事情。
解析：
happen to 表示“（不幸的事）发生在某人身上”，to 为介词，不能用 on 代替。例如：
他真可怜，不幸的事情总是降临到他头上。
He is so poor. Bad things always happen to him.
一. 选择最佳答案填空。
( )1. These are picture books, and the rest ____
English novels.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( )2. Would you like something ____ to drink
A. other B. others
C. another D. else
B
D
二. 用适当的介词填空。
1. After drinking some milk in the bottle, he put the
rest _____ it in the fridge.
2. I hope nothing bad will happen _____ us.
3. This ball is the same as that one _____ size.
4. Last summer she acted _____ a guide for tourists.
as
of
to
in
三. 根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 上周日你还见过其他什么人？
_____ _____ did you see last Sunday
2. 我默默地走，发现自己不知不觉地来到了那棵树下。
I walked in silence and _____ _______ _____ the tree.
3. 林涛，记得把你的作业本带回家。
Lin Tao, remember to _____ your exercise book _____.
Who else
take home
found myself under
Retell the journey of a plastic bottle according to the pictures.
Study skills
Research skills (3): Analysing the results of a questionnaire
More and more people, both young and old, are becoming greener today. This means they are trying to protect the environment.
Part III Study skills
A How green are you Answer the questionnaire below. Circle your answers, add up your score and then check the total with the analysis on page 47.
B Work in groups to compare your answers. Then produce a short report. You can also make a pie chart to show the results. Follow the example.
Discuss
Report the result of your group.
Report
Culture corner
Your carbon footprint
carbon footprint
Part IV Culture corner
Read the article and answer the questions below.
What is your carbon footprint
What are the ways we produce carbon dioxide
What should we do with our carbon footprint
How can we make our carbon footprint smaller
It is the total amount of carbon dioxide we produce a year.
Breathing, driving a car, using a gas stove and buying or using products that produced CO2 when they were made.
We should make our carbon footprint as small as possible.
We can use public transport or walk or cycle instead of driving a car.
What can we do to reduce our carbon footprint
Discuss the following question in groups of four.
Thank you!

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