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北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试
英 语
本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分、知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节： 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I still remember the day when I came home from work at two o’clock one afternoon. Imagine my 1 when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Joann laughing in the house since it was the right time for class. They finally 2 that they came home for lunch and never returned to school. But they said they had forgotten to look at the clock.
I told Joann to go home because I needed to speak to Megan 3 . When Joann left，I 4 myself and managed to ask Megan very quietly，“You forgot to look at the clock ” Megan lowered her head and said，“Well, we were just experimenting to see what it would feel like not to go back to school.” For the moment I was getting angry. I considered 5 her, but instead I said，“I’m very upset by all this. When you’re supposed to be in school，that’s 6 I expect you to be. Now I’m probably going to get a phone call from your teacher.” Megan said, “ Write me an absence note, say I was sick and then you won’t get a call.” I said，“Megan，the note has to come from you and it has to be the 7 .”
Well，she wasn’t very 8 about that，but she did write a note saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wouldn’t do it again.
Although the teacher gave her a 9 time over the note, I still felt I did the right thing. I knew I had helped Megan face up to what she did and take 10 .
1. joy shock C. relief D. shame
2. believed realized admitted predicted
3. privately carefully equally normally
4. encouraged blamed warned controlled
5. comforting punishing changing annoying
6. when why where how
7. truth plan advice wish
8. surprised worried scared pleased
9. hard lucky boring free
10. opportunities responsibilities suggestions advantages
第二节： 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面3段短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
I was not a willing student. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science 11 (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea what hydrogen was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! I found it all so boring and difficult, 12 Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical 13 (example) and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket!
B
14 (locate) in the northeast of the Tibetan Highland, Qinghai Lake is usually No. 1 on “Most Beautiful Lakes in China” list. It has very different scenery in different seasons. In spring, the surrounding mountains and wetlands take on a fresh green look with 15 (colour) flowers and white snow. In summer and autumn, the lake 16 (decorate) with golden clothing, as thousands of hectares (公顷) of rape flowers spread out from Qinghai Lake’s shores. In winter, snow and ice cover the surface of the lake, and the lake becomes quiet.
C
Can a sixth extinction be avoided Experts say that it is not yet too late if we take action now. This would mean we have to change the way we live, change how we work and travel by using 17 (clean), more natural sources of energy. We also need to improve our farming methods 18 (reduce) water, air and land pollution. 19 short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet on 20 we live and start to protect it.
第二部分、 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are you passionate about Academic Essay Writing Do you want to share your knowledge of Academic Essay Writing with others Then come join us as an online Academic Essay Writing teacher and help students who are eager to learn.
Lessonpal was born as a Silicon Valley startup. We believe in delivering high-quality and affordable lessons to all our students, and we’d love you to join us!
What’s in it for you
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You have complete control of when and how much you teach. You control your schedule, availability, and how many students you teach.
You keep the majority of your earnings! Compared to other platforms, Lessonpal teachers keep more of their earnings...90%!
Job responsibilities
Deliver online Academic Essay Writing lessons to students of all ages (you choose what age groups you want to work with).
Respond to questions and messages from current and potential students.
Work with your students to schedule lessons efficiently.
Actively communicate with Lessonpal support about any questions.
Job requirements
Knowledge of Academic Essay Writing
Strong communication skills
Stable internet connection
Proficiency (熟练) in using online meeting platforms
Ready to get started Click here to sign up.
What is available for the applicants
Deciding the class size.
Keeping all the earnings.
Getting promoted at work.
Receiving high-quality training.
The applicants are required to _________.
follow Lessonpal’s teaching schedule
be good at organizing meetings
deliver online writing lessons
have teaching experience
Where is the passage probably from
A. A science report. B. A website.
C. A storybook. D. A brochure.
B
Running with Heart
My name was missing from the list. All my friends had made the cheer-leading team. But somehow my name was not there. I felt lost and embarrassed. Knowing that next year would bring a new round of try-outs, I began practicing routines on my own, hoping to become a cheerleader the next year. But my dad suggested that I get involved in running track — just to try it out for a year. I had always been the fastest kid to run a mile in gym class, so I figured that I might as well sign up for running for just one season.
I had no idea what I was getting myself into. In the first race on the track team, I took the last place. Race after race, I continued to place last and I felt my lungs burning from the effort. I wanted to quit, feeling like a failure. But my dad reminded me that once you are committed to something, you should always follow through. So I finished my first track season, placing last in every race.
The next year came. Although running was not a popular activity, like cheer-leading was at our school, I signed up again to run the long-distance races. I wanted to challenge myself. Within one year, I became the fastest female cross-country runner on our school’s team. A few years later, I placed 3rd in the Ohio State meet. Not only that, but I was offered an athletic scholarship for college.
Classmates may have laughed at me for choosing running over cheer-leading, but I didn’t care. I wasn’t running track to be cool or to prove anything to anyone else. Running made me proud of who I was. When I chose to be a runner, I chose to be true to myself. We all make that choice every day — we can be who we were born to be or we can simply follow the crowd. For me, I am happiest to be...just me.
After failing to make the cheer-leading team, the author ________.
wanted to quit
blamed her father
turned to her friends
continued to practice
The author managed to finish her first track season mainly because she ________.
wanted to prove herself
was inspired by her father
got an athletic scholarship
performed well in the races
Which of the following words can best describe the author
Confident and honest.
Creative and ambitious.
Generous and committed.
Hardworking and determined.
In the passage, the author mainly wants to show that we should ________.
A. follow others’ opinions
B. try out for popular activities
C. appreciate who we really are
D. help those who are in trouble
C
We often take sleep for granted, but not getting enough shut-eye can increase our risk for many serious health issues such as poor mental health, heart problems or even early death.
The ideal bedroom temperature for people to fall asleep is relatively cold — between 17 to 20 ℃. A drop in our core body temperature is essential for us falling and staying asleep because it stimulates sleepiness.
Obradovich and his colleagues found unusually warm temperatures had the largest effect on people’s bedtime duration by delaying falling asleep. Short sleep durations were the worst during the summertime and among the elderly, probably because they have more difficulty regulating their body temperature. The team also found warmer locations experienced the most sleep loss, suggesting people’s bodies haven’t adapted to their geographic location. Lower income countries are also heavily affected, which Obradovich supposes could be because of a lack of air-conditioning. But he plans to investigate further. Data show global warming also will have the biggest sleep loss in the Middle East, southeast Asia and Australia. By the end of the 21st century, people in the warmest regions are expected to lose another three nights of sleep per year due to higher nighttime temperatures.
Obradovich said his team’s findings could help communities or policymakers better improve the sleep environment for people, such as helping to cool bedrooms more effectively. On an individual level, Robbins, a physician at Harvard Medical School, said people also need to practice generally good sleep behavior. For instance, reducing screen time 15 to 20 minutes before falling asleep as the blue lights from cellphones or computers can work like the sun and throw off our body clock. She suggested meditation (冥想) before bed can significantly help people relax, making it easier for people to fall asleep.
“There’s still belief that ‘I’ll sleep when I’m dead’ kind of attitude towards sleep,” Robbins said. “There’s so much work to be done to improve our collective view of sleep.”
What is the main idea of the passage
Temperature affects sleep duration.
Global warming improves sleep quality.
Sleep loss leads to serious health problems.
Sleep quality influences attitude towards life.
From Paragraph 3, we can know that __________.
those in the warmer regions can well adapt to the temperature
the elderly suffer from sleep loss due to their sickness
it is harder to fall asleep in warmer temperature
unusual warmth contributes to earlier wake-up
What does Robbins intend to tell us in the last paragraph
People should pay more attention to sleep.
People have different attitudes towards sleep.
Scientists will solve the problem of sleep loss.
Scientists should help to improve humans’ sleep quality.
D
It’s logical for humans to feel anxious about artificial intelligence. After all, the news is constantly listing job after job where the technology seems to outperform us. But humans aren’t yet headed for all-out replacement. And if you do suffer from so-called AI anxiety, there are ways to alleviate your fears and even change them into a motivating force for good. Here’s how some psychologists and other experts suggest handling our AI fears.
First off, context is key, says Sanae Okamoto, a psychologist and behavioral scientist in the Netherlands. She suggests keeping in mind that the present moment is far from the first time people have feared the rise of an unfamiliar technology. “Computer anxiety” dates back decades, Okamoto notes. Before that, there was worry over industrial automation. Past technological advances have led to big social and economic shifts. Some fears became reality, and some jobs did disappear, but many of the worst science fiction predictions did not come true.
Facing fears of AI by actually trying out the tools, seeing where and how they can be useful, reading up on how they work and understanding their limitations can turn the tech from a monster into a potential helper, says Jerri Lynn Hogg, a media psychologist. A deeper understanding can empower someone to advocate for meaningful job protections or policies that hold back potential problems.
Mary Alvord, a practicing psychologist, also stresses the importance of addressing the problem directly. “We talk about what actions you can take instead of sticking your head in the sand,” she says. Maybe that means gaining new skills to prepare for a career change or learning about ongoing efforts to control AI. Or maybe it means building a union with colleagues at work, which is important to help people feel more secure and hopeful about the future.
Perhaps the better response is to use our AI anxiety to push us forward. Mastering a craft—be it drawing, writing, programming or translating — and using that skill to create something new is “the most rewarding thing that we can possibly do.” says Sean Kelly, a Harvard University philosophy professor. So why not let AI motivate more creation instead of replacing it If the technology produces something interesting, we can build on it. And if it doesn’t, then why worry about it at all
31.What does the word “alleviate” underlined in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A. Analyze. B. Relieve. C. Understand. D. Forget.
32.The author mentions “computer anxiety” in Paragraph 2 to ____________.
make a comparison B. introduce a topic
C. evaluate a statement D. give an example
33. What can we learn from the passage
AI fears will hold back the technological advance.
Policy makers may control the development of AI.
AI will lead to severe competition among colleagues.
Humans may become more creative when motivated by AI.
Regarding Sean Kelly’s opinion, the author is ____________.
unconcerned B. puzzled C. supportive D. doubtful
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social media does have its shortcomings, and one of those is that it can often seem like everybody is living and winning big — except you.
35 But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. 36
Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. 37 There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends.
There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. 38 Things aren’t always what they appear to be.
You don’t know what some people go through to come out with the fantastic pictures you envy. The real key players mostly operate behind the scenes but make the most happen. They may look like nobody but they are building their kingdoms while others are getting high on likes and attention. Success is not what is presented on social media. 39
Be yourself and never give up on yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. The real champions of social media are those who add value to others, not the ones who show their lifestyle to impress others.
Those ones don’t get documented.
Some even think it’s a complete show-off.
Being popular on social media is not everything.
Self-worth is determined by the number of likes one gets.
There are couples who post nothing but are in loving relationship.
It takes tears, sleepless nights, and loads of failure to make it in life.
You are always flooded with strangers’ images that show the life you long for.
第三部分、 书面表达（共两节，32分)
第一节： 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据文章内容及题目要求回答问题。
A new study found that light pollution is making the night sky brighter and the stars dimmer. Man-made lighting is the main cause, making the night sky about 10 percent brighter each year.
The result was a much faster rate of change than scientists had estimated. The research team gave an example to explain the result. If a child is born where 250 stars can be seen on a clear night, by the time that child turns 18, only 100 stars will be seen.
The researchers said they had hoped to see improvements in light pollution in recent years, because many urban centers have changed their lighting to be more energy-efficient. Towns and cities are replacing older streetlights with modern LEDS that are more carefully directed downwards, where the light is useful.
The hope was that if the light was better directed, the situation would get better. But there are many types of lighting — streetlights, decorative, advertising. So, with all these things combined — and possibly more lighting overall, we are making sky brightness worse. The relatively low cost of LED lighting is also contributing to the problem, that is, the cheaper and better the lighting, the higher society’s addiction to light.
Consequently, light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, a source of inspiration for art, science, literature. It also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life. Migratory songbirds normally use starlight to position where they are in the sky at night. And when sea turtle babies hatch, they use light to position toward the ocean — light pollution is a huge deal for them.
What causes light pollution
What are the negative effects of light pollution
Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The sky brightness becomes worse because of more modern types of lighting being used and the lack of LED lighting.
Besides light pollution, what do you think is the most serious pollution in life And explain its effects. (In about 40 words)
第二节：书面表达（20分）
假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校英国交换生Jim写邮件请你推荐一个你们学校的特色活动。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 邀请参加。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
1-5: BCADB 6-10: CADAB
第二节：语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
had been （时态语态）
but （连词）
examples （名词复数）
Located （非谓语）
15. colourful （词性转换）
16. is decorated （时态语态）
17. cleaner （形容词比较级）
18. to reduce （非谓语）
19. In （介词）
20. which （定语从句）
第二部分：阅读理解（共19小题；每小题2分，共38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
21-23: ACB 24-27: DBDC 28-30: ACA 31-34: BDDC
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
35-39: GACEF
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12分）
40. Man-made lighting is the main cause./Man-made lighting.
41. Light pollution leads to a loss of universal human experience, and also affects the routine of human as well as other forms of life.
评分标准: 2个要点，任意1点可得1分。
The sky brightness becomes worse because of more modern types of lighting being used and the lack of LED lighting.
According to the passage, the sky brightness becomes worse because of more use of LED lighting instead of the lack of it.
评分标准：做出正确判断得1分；给出解释得2分。判断错误，但解释正确，得2分。
43.（略）评分标准： 列出1个污染类型，得1分；每列出1个影响并解释，得2分。字数多于50或少于30，减1分；关键信息语法错误扣1分。
第二节（20分）
一、评分标准：
维度 分档 内容（8分） 语言（8分） 结构（4分）
一档 （6-8） 内容完整，详略得当。 表述与主题相关。 语言准确，基本无语言错误；句式多样。 语言表达基本得体。 条理清晰，结构合理。 衔接自然，行文连贯。
二档 （3-5） 内容基本完整。 表述与主题基本相关。 语言有一些错误，但不影响理解；句式有一定变化。 语言表达不太得体。 条理基本清晰，结构基本合理。 有一定衔接手段，行文基本连贯。
三档 （0-2） 内容不完整。 表述与主题不太相关或完全无关。 语言有大量错误，影响理解。 语言表达不得体。 条理不清晰。 支离破碎。
【注释】
分数计算: 本题总分20分，采用分项评分方式，其中内容8分，语言8分，结构4分。
评分时先判断作答内容与题目是否有关，若内容判为零分，语言与结构均为零分。
英式、美式拼写均可接受。
二、内容要点：
1. 介绍活动；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 邀请参加。
三、One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Glad to hear that you’re interested in our school activities, among which I’d like to recommend the annual “Sports Festival” to you.
It falls on the last week of every March. Most of us can sign up for track and field events to win glory for our classes. Some of us who are not gifted in sports but still keen on participating can join in some fun sports activities like “three-legged race” or attend volunteer group to help.
There’s no doubt that physical activities are beneficial to our health as well as develop team spirit.
Come and join us this year! It won’t let you down.
Yours,
Li Hua
2

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