资源简介 【人教版2019】选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Sharing 重点句型+单元话题写作（演讲稿）【课前检查】一、单句语法填空1. A postman is a man employed to deliver letters and __________ (parcel).2. Last year, he __________ (mail) the documents to French journalists.3. He stood and __________ (dust) down his suit and folded the letter away.4. They are all uniform __________ size and shape.5. Medical opinion varies on how many __________ (tablet) it takes to overdose.6. The two __________ (chemist) shared the Nobel Prize.7. I did indeed look older and more __________ (wrinkle) than ever.8. He __________ (shade) from the sun by the pure white royal umbrella.9. They disapproved of my __________ (drag) in his wealth.10. The play, whose style is __________ (rigid) formal, is typical of the period.11. His nationality is not relevant __________ whether he is a good singer.12. It is said that only members have the privilege __________ (use) the submersible.13. I casually __________ (mention) that I might be interested in working abroad.Keys: 1. parcels 2. mailed 3. dusted 4. in 5. tablets 6. chemists 7. wrinkled8. was shaded 9. dragging 10. rigidly 11. to 12.to use 13. mentioned二、语法填空The Tianshan Tuomuer Grand Canyon is about 25 kilometers long from east to west and 20 kilometers wide from north to south. It consists of three main 1. ________（valley）in the shape of the Chinese character "川". 2. ________（locate）in the northwest of Xinjang at the foot of Tuomur Peak, it is also known 3. __________ "Kuduluk Grand Canyon", 4. __________ means "hilling and mysterious "in Uygur（维吾尔语）. It is the only way to the ancient post road in the northern and southern Tianshan Mountains.On June 21, 2013, the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang 5. __________(list) as a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site. The area in which the Tuomur Grand Canyon lies is the 6. ________ (large) among the four places in the Tianshan Mountains, 7. __________ (account) for 59. 87 percent of the whole site.With its red canyons set against the snow-capped mountains in the distance, the dreamlike landscape 8. _______(complete)makes visitors lost in the beautiful and impressive view of nature. At night, you can see the stars. Remember that the temperature difference there is very large. While wearing short sleeves at noon, evenings may require 9. _______ down jacket and other warm clothes. There is no tour bus service, but visitors can drive to the canyon by 10. _________ (they) or hire a bus. Apart from it, Xinjiang is in possession of many appealing tourist spots, attracting a good number of visitors at home and abroad.Keys: 1. valleys 2. Located 3. as 4. which 5. was listed6. largest 7. accounting 8. completely 9. a 10. themselves【问题查找】完成句子1. 据报道中国已经研制了一种药来预防这种疾病。__________ __________ __________ __________ China has developed a kind of medicine to prevent this disease.2. 我刚到电影院，电影就开演了。I __________ __________ __________ __________ the cinema when the movie started.3. 我们会后悔做了某些事，也有些事我们后悔没去做。There are things we __________ __________ and things we regret not having done.4. 假设他在我们之前赶到家而又进不去呢 __________ __________ he goes home before us and can’t get into the house 5. 为什么你自己去爬山呢 __________ __________ __________ all by yourself 6. 这部电影除了结尾都很好。The movie was good __________ __________ the ending.Keys: 1. It is reported that 2. had just got to 3. regret doing 4. What if 5. Why go climbing6. except for【要点精讲】【重点句型】1.It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home...(P38) 它用了约两周的时间才到我这里。包裹虽然有点儿破损，但是拿到从家里寄来的糖果和果酱，还是很开心的……【句式剖析】It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth. (某人)花费时间做某事. it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth是句子的真正主语。此外，take还表示“需要”，it takes/took ...to do sth“做某事需要花费……”。 On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work. 周一早晨我通常要花一个小时开车去上班。【句式拓展】it作形式主语的句型:(1)It+be+形容词+to do/that... “做……是……的” It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam. 真让人惊讶，她居然通过了这次有难度的考试。(2)It+be+过去分词(said/ reported/ believed/thought/expected/announced)+ that... “据……” It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days. 据报告近一两日气温将明显下降。 It is announced that the sports meet will be held next Tuesday. 据通知，运动会将在下周二举行。【温馨提示】如果过去分词是suggested/ordered/required/advised/requested/insisted等表示建议、要求、命令的词时，从句应该用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的结构为“(should+)动词原形”。 It’s suggested that children (should) make their bed by themselves. 人们建议孩子应该自己铺床。(3) It+be+名词+to do/that... “做……是……” It is a great honour for me to be invited to speak at the meeting. 对于被邀请在会上讲话我感到非常荣幸。 It is our duty to do our part to make the world we live in a better place. 我们有责任尽我们的一份力量使我们生活的世界变得更美好。(4)It seems/happens/appears/looks/occurs/turns out that... “这似乎/碰巧/显得/看上去/出现/结果是……” It so happened that the train arrived at the station when I got there. 碰巧我到达车站时火车进站了。 Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. 我就要离开房子时，想起来我忘了带钥匙。(5)It worries/shocks/surprises/frightens+to do/that... “担心/震惊/惊喜/害怕的是……” It shocks me that he failed in this exam. 他考试不及格让我震惊。 It worries me that he should drive all that way on his own. 一路上他都将独自驾驶，这使我十分担心。【练习】1.他们一致没给我回信，让我担心__________ __________ __________ __________ they haven't answered my letters.2.他们花了三年多的时间完成了那项工程。__________ __________ __________ more than three years to finish that project.3.参加此次庆祝活动是我的荣幸。__________ __________ __________ __________ for me to take part in the celebration.Keys:(1)It worries me that；(2)It took them；(3)It's a great honour2.The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!(P38) 那天，我在给孩子们演示化学实验时，我还没反应过来，混合物就从试管里冒了出来，溅得到处都是!【句式剖析】be doing...when...“正在做……这时(突然)……”，when 为并列连词。表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。 I was studying in my room when I heard screaming. 我正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。【句式拓展】(1)was/were about to do sth when... “正要做某事突然……” He was about to go home when the teacher came. 他正要回家，这时老师来了。 She was about to speak when she was stopped by her sister. 她刚要说话，就被她姐姐拦住了。(2)was/were going to do sth when... “正要做某事突然……” He was going to do the experiment when the teacher came in. 他正要做实验，这时老师进来了。 They were going to have lunch when a friend came. 他们正要吃午饭，一位朋友来访了。(3)was/were on the point of doing sth when...“正要做某事突然……” We were on the point of giving up when the headmaster came to encourage us. 我们正要放弃时，校长来鼓励我们了。 We were on the point of setting out when it began to rain. 我们正要出发时，天下起雨来。(4)had just done sth when...“刚做完某事突然……” I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷，铃就响了。 We had just got to the station when the train left. 我们刚到车站，火车就开走了。【练习】1.我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。I __________ __________ __________ go out when an unexpected visitor came.2.我正要给他打电话，这是他进来了。I __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ calling him when he came in.Keys:(1)I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.；(2)I was on the point of calling him when he came in.3.She regrets not bringing a kettle to Ghana to boil the water she needs.(P40) 她后悔没有带水壶去加纳来烧开她需要的水。【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。主句是She regrets not bringing..., she needs是定语从句，修饰water。regret doing sth“后悔做了某事”，此处是动词-ing形式的否定式，意为“后悔没有做某事”。 I now regret not working harder at school. 我现在后悔在学校时没有更努力学习。【句式拓展】(1)regret to do sth 对将要发生的事感到遗憾/抱歉 We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you the job. 我们遗憾地通知你,我们没法给你这份工作。(2)mean to do sth 打算(想要)做某事，主语只能是“人”。mean doing sth 意味着(要)做某事，主语不能是“人”。 To mean to do something and to actually do something are two different things. 打算做一件事和实际上做一件事是两回事。(3)can’t help to do sth 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth 不禁做某事 She can’t help to clean the house because she is busy making a cake. 她不能帮忙打扫房子，因为她正忙着做蛋糕。 We can’t help laughing when listening to the cross-talk. 我们听相声时都会情不自禁地笑。(4)go on to do sth 做完某事后接着做另一件事go on doing sth 继续(不停地)做正在做的事 Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习。 We went on talking till after midnight. 我们继续谈话直到午夜以后。(5)stop to do sth 停下正在做的事去做另一件事stop doing sth 停止做某事 He stopped to try to adjust his vision to the faint starlight. 他停下脚步试着让眼睛适应微弱的星光。 He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止讲话，房间里一点声音也没有了。(6)forget to do sth 忘记做某事forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过的事 It appears that he forgot to sign the letter. 他似乎忘记在信上署名了。 I shall never forget seeing the Alps for the first time. 我永远也不会忘记第一次看到阿尔卑斯山的感受。(7)remembered to do sth 记住将要做的事remembered doing sth 记得曾经做过的事 Remember to carry out your promise. 记住要履行你的承诺。 I remember meeting him but I just can’t visualize him. 我记得我见过他,可就是想不起他的样子了。(8)try to do sth 设法做某事；尽力做某事trying doing sth 试着做某事；尝试做某事 We must try to improve our service. 我们必须改进提高我们的服务。 I will try phoning him, but he may have left by now. 我要尝试给他打电话，但是他现在可能已经离开了。【练习】1.要想赶早班车，那就意味着我们得在5点钟以前起床。If we mean ____________________(catch) the early bus, that means getting up before five.2.跟人聊天时老忍不住看手机的人就被称为“低头族”People who can' t help ____________________(check) their phones during a conversation are known as phubbers.3.我后悔没有到更多的地方去旅行，而且我问过的几乎每个人都会这样说。I regret ____________________(travel) more, and so does nearly everyone that I have asked.Keys:(1)to catch；(2)checking；(3)not travelling4.Do you think students doing volunteer work is of any use (P42) 你认为学生做志愿工作有用处吗 【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。Do you think是主句，students doing volunteer...是宾语从句，is of any use是“be of+抽象名词”结构。“be of+抽象名词”结构，名词通常是use、importance、help、value、interest、benefit等，该结构相当于“be+名词所对应的形容词”，这类名词前可用no、some、any、little、much、great等对其进行修饰。 The vase purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value. 这只花高价购买的花瓶原来没什么价值。 It is hoped that these suggestions would be of great help to you. 希望这些建议对你有用。【练习】一句多译1.了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be __________ __________ __________ you.Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be __________ __________ __________ __________you.Keys:(1)very beneficial to；of great benefit to5.Yeah, what if we have to clean out the smelly cages (P43) 是啊，如果我们必须清理那些难闻的笼子怎么办呢 【句式剖析】What if... 表示“要是……会怎么样呢 ”，后面跟一个句子，相当于“What will/would happen if... ”。 What if this doesn’t work out 如果这行不通怎么办呢 【句式拓展】(1)What if后面的句子也可以使用虚拟语气，即后面句子的谓语动词用一般过去式或“should+动词原形”，表示对将来的假设。 What if it rained and then froze all through those months 要是那几个月一直又下雨又冰冻怎么办 What if anything should happen to the child 万一这孩子出了差错怎么办 (2)What about... “……怎么样 ”常用来提出建议。 What about going out with me tomorrow 明天和我一起出去怎么样 What about these stories of success or failure 这些关于成功或失败的故事怎么样呢？【练习】1.去伦敦购物再看场演出怎么样？__________ __________ __________ shopping and seeing a show in London 2.要是您想看看诸如体育之类的节目，怎么办？__________ __________ you want to watch something like sports Keys:(1)What about；(2)What if6.Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development (P44) 中国还有很多地区需要发展，为什么还要帮助海外的人呢 【句式剖析】Why help people overseas是主句，when引导的是时间状语从句，that引导的是定语从句。Why do sth “为什么做某事呢 ”，常用来提出责难或表示不同意。 Why give him so much money that day 那天为什么给他那么多钱呢 【句式拓展】(1)Why not do sth 为什么不做某事 常用来提出建议或询问某人对某事的看法。 Why not ask the teacher for help 为什么不向老师寻求帮助呢 (2)Why not 为什么不呢？表示同意。 —Shall we go to the cinema this evening ——我们今晚去看电影好吗 —Why not Let’s start at 6.——好啊，我们六点出发。【练习】1.—It's a long time since I saw my sister.—__________ __________ __________ __________ (为什么不去看她) this weekend 2.__________ __________ __________ __________ (为什么做这个实验) this afternoon Keys:(1)Why not visit her；(2)Why do this experiment7.We talked together, we spent our leisure time together, and except for school and work, we were neverapart.(P44) 我们一起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和工作，我们从未分开过。【句式剖析】except for是介词短语，表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，意为“除了……以外”。 Smith is a good man,except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。(1)except用于表示同类事物之间的关系，其意为“除……以外；除去”，后面可接名词、代词、动词、副词、介词短语。 We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们每天有一堂英语课。(接名词) They all went to the park last Sunday except him. 除了他以外，上星期天他们都去公园了。(接代词) He always goes to work by bike except recently. 除最近外，他总是骑自行车上班。(接副词)(2)except后接从句 This restaurant has nothing to recommend except that it’s cheap. 这家饭馆除了价钱便宜之外，一无可取。 He goes to work on time every day except when he is ill. 他每天都按时上班，除非他生病了。【练习】1.吃完早餐，学生们除了上学就不到别处去了。After breakfast the students went nowhere __________ __________.2.这两只钢笔样子差不多，就颜色不一样。These two pens are alike __________ __________ they're in different colors.3.除了有关研究的事，别的他什么也不关心。He has concern for nothing __________ __________ is related to his research work.Keys:(1)expect school；(2)expect that：(3)expect what【话题写作】演讲稿为何倾听 表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系谁来倾听 家长倾听孩子 理解孩子，消除代沟老师倾听学生 了解学生，满足需求同学相互倾听 增进友谊，互帮互学怎样倾听 请联系实际拟定内容实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表，更要学会倾听。请你根据上表中所提供的信息，写一篇主题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2.词数80左右。开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数； 3.演讲稿中不得提及所在学校及本人姓名。Good afternoon, everyone!The topic of my speech today is "Being a Good Listener". _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thank you for your listening!【写作指导】本单元的写作任务是演讲稿。在日常生活中，人们为参加会议或者集会时表达自己的意见、看法，或者汇报思想、工作情况等而准备的文稿就是发言稿。演讲稿具有宣传、鼓动、教育和欣赏等作用，它可以把演讲者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者，使他们信服并在情感上产生共鸣。演讲稿的基本组成部分包括：称呼语→正文(提出论题、进行论证、得出结论)→结束语。具体来说为：1.开始时对听众的称呼语(1)常用称呼语如Dear friends/Dear fellow students/Good morning, ladies and gentlemen/Good afternoon, everyone等，其后用逗号。(2)有时在称呼语后用一句客套语过渡。如：It is a great honour for me to give my speech here today.2.提出论题提出论题的方法各种各样，最常用的是开门见山直奔主题，如：The topic of my speech today is...；有时采用举例法；另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，可以从列举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。3.论证论证就是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等。列举讲话要点，常用first of all，secondly，finally等。4.结论结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。有时会加上一句总结性的话。如： In a word...；Only in this way can we...。5.结尾结尾要干净利落。常用的结束语有： Thank you very much for your attention. Thanks for listening.【常用表达】1.Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone. 大家早上好/下午好/晚上好。2.I’m very proud that I can tell you something about... 我很自豪能告诉你一些关于……3.I am very happy to show my opinion about... 我很高兴表达我对……的看法……4.In my opinion, we students should not drop litter carelessly and walk or ride to school as soon as possible. 在我看来，我们学生不应该随便乱扔垃圾，应该尽快步行或骑车上学。5.Every one of us should think about the future. 我们每个人都应该考虑未来。6.As long as we work together, I’m sure our beautiful dream will come true. 只要我们一起努力，我相信我们的美梦一定会实现。7.That’s all. Thank you!v夺人眼球开头句 My name is... Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation. I shall be speaking about...我是……今天很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是…… Good morning, everyone! It is my great honor to share with you my opinins on...大家上午好！很荣幸能和你们分享一下关于……我的看法。 It is my honor to stand here and say something about friendship.站在这里，谈谈关于友谊的话题对我来说是件荣幸的事情。v出彩主题句： The topic of my speech today is...我今天演讲的主题是…… As far as I am concerned, I think it is a good idea to...就我而言，我认为……是一个好主意。 I would like to concentrate on the problem of...我想把重点集中在……问题上。 As is known to us all, failure is the mother of success, but few people can really understand what the saying means.我们都知道失败是成功之母，可是很少有人真正理解这句格言的意思。v韵味无穷结尾句： Thanks for your listening (to my speech) That's all I want to say about this point.【写作训练】审题谋篇1.本文要求写一篇主题为“当一个优秀的倾听者”的演讲稿。2.时态：用一般现在时。3.人称：用第一人称、第三人称。4.布局：称呼语和结束语已给出，正文部分应主要从提出论题、进行论证和得出结论三个方面进行写作。可采用三段式。遣词造句【核心词汇】1.表示尊重 ______________________________2.改善人际关系 ______________________________3.消除代沟 ______________________________4.满足需求 ______________________________5.互帮互学 ______________________________Keys: （1）show respect/be respectful （2）improve interpersonal relationship（3）narrow/eliminate the generation gap （4）meet/satisfy one's needs/requirements（5）help and learn from each other【连词成句】1.良好的倾听能显示出对人的尊敬。Good listening can ____________________________________________________________________________.2.良好的倾听能改善人际关系。Good listening can improve interpersonal relationship ________________________________________________.3.同学应该多互相倾听。Students should _______________________________________________________________________________.4.多向同学们倾听不但能增进友谊，还可以互帮互学。Listening more to their classmates can _____________________________________________________________.5.我想强调的是我们每个人都应该多倾听他人。I want to stress that ____________________________________________________________________________.Keys: 1. show respect to people 2. improve interpersonal relationship 3. listen more to their classmates4. not only promote their friendship but also help and learn from each other5. each of us should listen more to others【句式升级】1.用“only＋方式状语”引起的倒装句合并上面第1、2句。Only by good listening _________________________________________________________________________.2.用非谓语动词作状语合并上面第3、4句。Students should listen more to their classmates, thus ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.3.用含主语从句的句子改写上面第5句。_________________________ is that each of us should listen more to others.Keys: 1. can we show respect to people and improve interpersonal relationship2. promoting their friendship and helping and learning from each other 3. What I want to stress组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。参考范文Good afternoon, everyone!The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.Only by good listening can we show respect to people and improve interpersonal relationship. Parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus promoting their friendship and helping and learning from each other.What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk, for good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.Thank you for your listening!【梳理优化】演讲稿常用表达：1.Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone. 大家早上好/下午好/晚上好。2.I’m very proud that I can tell you something about... 我很自豪能告诉你一些关于……3.I am very happy to show my opinion about... 我很高兴表达我对……的看法……4.In my opinion, we students should not drop litter carelessly and walk or ride to school as soon as possible. 在我看来，我们学生不应该随便乱扔垃圾，应该尽快步行或骑车上学。5.Every one of us should think about the future. 我们每个人都应该考虑未来。6.As long as we work together, I’m sure our beautiful dream will come true. 只要我们一起努力，我相信我们的美梦一定会实现。7.That’s all. Thank you!v夺人眼球开头句 My name is... Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation. I shall be speaking about...我是……今天很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是…… Good morning, everyone! It is my great honor to share with you my opinins on...大家上午好！很荣幸能和你们分享一下关于……我的看法。 It is my honor to stand here and say something about friendship.站在这里，谈谈关于友谊的话题对我来说是件荣幸的事情。v出彩主题句： The topic of my speech today is...我今天演讲的主题是…… As far as I am concerned, I think it is a good idea to...就我而言，我认为……是一个好主意。 I would like to concentrate on the problem of...我想把重点集中在……问题上。 As is known to us all, failure is the mother of success, but few people can really understand what the saying means.我们都知道失败是成功之母，可是很少有人真正理解这句格言的意思。v韵味无穷结尾句： Thanks for your listening (to my speech) That's all I want to say about this point.【强化巩固】一、完成句子1. 你的建议对我有很大的帮助，我期待着你早日答复。Your suggestions are __________ __________ __________ __________ and I'm looking forward to your early reply.=Your suggestions are __________ __________ __________ __________ me and I'm looking forward to your early reply.2. 除了在报上读到的以外，我对这件事一无所知。I know nothing about it except __________ __________ __________ __________ in the papers.3. 我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。I sold everything I owned __________ __________ my car and my books.4. 为什么不再给她次机会呢 __________ __________ __________ her another chance 5. 作为一名应届毕业生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。As a new graduate, he doesn’t know __________ __________ __________ to start a business here.6. 重要的是要记住每个人的不同反应。__________ __________ __________ to remember that each person reacts differently.7. 妈妈正在打电话，突然门被风吹开了。Mother __________ __________ a phone call __________ the door was blown open.Keys: 1. very helpful to me；of great help to 2. what I have read 3. expect for4. Why not give 5. what it takes 6. It is important 7. was making；when二、应用文写作假如你是李华，现任学校学生会主席。最近，你所在的城市正开展“帮助贫困孩子”的活动。你将代表学生会起草一份演讲稿，号召同学们帮助这些孩子们，并利用暑假时间积极到边远地区去参加志愿者活动。主要包括以下要点：1.介绍贫困孩子的现状；2.呼吁同学们参加活动。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语和结束语已给出，不计词数。Dear brothers and sisters,Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanks for your listening!Key:Dear brothers and sisters,Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union. I am earnestly calling for your active particpation in the campaign to be held in our city, whose theme is to help poor children in need in remote areas.Far away from the city, many children of our age are terribly lacking in necessities of life. Besides, good education is unavailable for them. What's worse, some are living alone without their parents' company. Ther are badly in need of our assistance now.Do not hesitate to join us to be a volunteer in such a meaningful event. I have a firm belief that with our joint efforts, the children there will surely have a brighter future.Thanks for your listening!【课后练习】一、阅读理解AVoluntary organizationsHorizon School Peru Area:PeruWe are a non-profit organization based in Trujillo, Peru. We provide free English classes for the nearby area, which we believe can help the community get out of poverty. By learning English, people here will be able to get more job chances.As a volunteer, you will have to teach English both in Horizon School Peru and at a local public school. It's also a chance to explore Trujillo and the local beach town. Volunteers will get to experience the Peruvian culture and cooking as well as the language. Please get in touch with us at contact@.Do-it.org.uk Area:the United KingdomIf you want to make a difference, meet new people or learn new skills through volunteering, then look no further than do-it.org.uk—a volunteering website of the UK, which provides over a million chances to volunteer. Just enter your postcode and interests on www.do-it.org.uk, look through the chances and apply online. It's as simple as that.Aim Abroad Area:IndiaAim Abroad is a non-profit voluntary organization based in India. International volunteers are welcome to take part in the programs for the improvement of society. For more information, please visit www.aimabroad.org.Adventist Nepal Area:NepalWe are a non-profit organization lying in Kathmandu, Nepal, with the purpose of providing volunteer service in Nepal in the field of education, health, human rights, writing, travel, etc. If you are interested in working as a volunteer and are looking for help, please feel free to get in touch with us at info@adventistnepal.org. We also provide home stay service for visitors.1.What are volunteers in Horizon School Peru required to do A.Attend English classes. B.Offer free English lessons.C.Experience the local culture. D.Talk in English with the locals.2.If you are concerned about health problems, which organization can you apply to A.Aim Abroad. B.Do-it.org.uk. C.Adventist Nepal. D.Horizon School Peru.3.What do the four organizations have in common A.Their aim is to help the poor. B.They only accept local volunteers.C.Their volunteers must have many skills. D.Volunteers can apply for positions online.Keys: 应用文,介绍了四个义务性组织的相关情况。1.B 细节理解题。根据Horizon School Peru中的“We provide free English classes for the nearby area”可知,在这个志愿组织中,志愿者需要为附近地区提供免费的英语课程。故选B项。2.C 细节理解题。根据Adventist Nepal中的“with the purpose of providing volunteer service in Nepal in the field of education, health”可知,Adventist Nepal的目的是在尼泊尔提供教育、健康等领域的义务性服务。因此如果志愿者对健康问题比较关心,可以申请加入Adventist Nepal。3.D 推理判断题。根据Horizon School Peru中的“Please get in touch with us at contact@.”、Do-it.org.uk中的“look through the chances and apply online”、Aim Abroad中的“For more information, please visit www.aimabroad.org.”和Adventist Nepal中的“please feel free to get in touch with us at info@adventistnepal.org.”可知, 四个组织的共同点是都可以在网上申请志愿者岗位。故选D项。BLike most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money.This is how I experimented with giving away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighbourhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in all unexpected form.One Sunday morning, the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard (无意中听到) our conversation. “Wasn't it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home ” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don't know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.”1. From the passage, we understand that the author ________.A. did not understand the importance of giving until he was in his late thirtiesB. was like most people who were mostly receivers rather than giversC. received the same education as most people during his childhoodD. liked most people as they looked upon life as a process of getting2. According to the author, ________.A. giving means you will lack money B. the excitement of giving can bring you moneyC. you don't have to be rich in order to give D. when you give away money, you will be rich3. The author would make the suggestion to the storekeeper ________.A. in writing B. in person C. in the window display D. about the neighbourhood4. When the author needed a post office box, ________.A. he had put his name on a waiting listB. he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciationC. many people had applied for post office boxes before himD. he asked the postmaster to make one for himKeys: 夹叙夹议文。讲述的是直到三十多岁作者才明白给予对生活的重大意义，活着并不是一味地索取，而给予也并不取决于是否有钱。作者通过事例向我们阐述了这个道理。1.从第一段中的第二句“It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away makes life so much more exciting.”可知，作者直到自己30多岁才开始懂得给予使生活更加有意义。故选A。2.从文章第一段的最后一句“You need not worry if you lack money.”可知作者认为给予与金钱无关。A、B、D三项均不符合题意，故选C。3.由第二段第二句“If an idea for improving the window display of a neighbourhood store flashes to me，I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper.”可知，这是作者假设的一种情况，如果“我”突然发现邻居的橱窗摆设需要改善，“我”会走进去然后跟老板提出建议，即亲自去，故选B。4.由第三段第四句“I was told at the window that there were no boxes left，and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list.”可知，当作者需要一个邮箱的时候，他发现已经没有了，而且我前面早就有很多人登记着名字等待，故选C。CFor Alison Rollinson, picking out the best experiences from her volunteer work is a major challenge."There are so many to choose from," said Rollinson, who has spent more than one year doing disaster volunteer work after Hurricane Katrina."The best parts are having the opportunity to be in an environment where you can meet the needs of people and know that your time is being used in a good way," she said.After spending her first few months working as a volunteer, Rollinson was hired full-time. Taking the step to do disaster relief work full-time—first as a volunteer and then as an employee—was just what needed to be done, Rollinson said.Before Katrina hit, Rollinson had planned on moving to Key Largo and working as a hotel clerk. Seeing the need on the Gulf Coast, Rollinson changed her plans."I've always been interested in helping people out, and then, because of this hurricane and the devastation(毁坏) I saw on TV, I felt that my time would be better spent doing disaster work for a few months rather than sitting in a hotel," she said.Rollinson said, "I haven't regretted that decision once. The experiences have been life-changing and have taught me a lot about myself and the Gulf Coast residents."She said, "I hope that my experience will inspire others to come to the Gulf Coast to help, especially since so much work remains to be done. The needs are great for the Gulf Coast residents and volunteering to help is easy.""All people have to do is to have an open mind and give us a call," Rollinson said. "Anyone can come here and they can help out in many different ways. It's great to be in such a supportive place where you can really feel the love."1. According to the passage, Rollinson thought that _____.A. she had got lots of wonderful experiences from volunteer workB. she had made great contribution to the Gulf Coast residentsC. she would take measures to do more disaster relief workD. she would contribute her life to volunteer work2. Rollinson hasn't regretted her decision to be a volunteer because _____.A. she has got a better job after volunteering B. she can work in a hotel on the Gulf CoastC. she regards volunteering as a valuable experience D. she has known many people on the Gulf Coast3. Rollinson helped the Gulf Coast residents and hoped _____.A. to learn more about disastersB. to inspire more people to become volunteersC. to call for more people to come to live on the Gulf CoastD. to gain a better reputation for herself4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage A. A Volunteer Happy to Help B. Volunteers on the GulfC. What a Volunteer's Duty Is D. How to Be a VolunteerKeys: 1-4 ACBA1.细节理解题。根据第一段可知,她在从事志愿者工作的过程中有很多美好的经历。2.细节理解题。根据第七段可知,她不后悔的理由是她觉得这种经历很有价值。3.细节理解题。根据第八段内容可知B项正确。4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是一个志愿者,而不是很多志愿者,因此B项不正确。这位志愿者很高兴在那里工作,认为她的工作很有价值,因此A项正确。DOctober sixteenth is World Food Day. This day is also the anniversary of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(F.A.O.). The UN agency leads international efforts to defeat world hunger. It was created in 1945.The F.A.O. says more than one hundred and fifty countries are to hold special events to celebrate World Food Day. At F.A.O. headquarters in Rome, for example, runners will compete in a five-kilometer race through the city's historical area. Events in other countries include discussions among experts, press conferences and musical programs.The message of this year's World Food Day is “investing in agriculture for food security”. The F.A.O. says, “During the early 1990s, the foreign aid for agriculture was nine thousand million dollars each year. But now, it has declined to less than five thousand million dollars a year.” Yet, the F.A.O. estimates that more than eight hundred and fifty million people around the world do not get enough food.The UN agency notes that seventy percent of the world's hunger lies in the farmers who grow small amount of food. Many also face problems of feeding themselves. The F.A.O. says agricultural aid could help small farmers make a profit from their crops. Farmers would also be able to feed their families throughout the year and reinvest in their farms. They could buy better seeds, equipment and chemical fertilizers to help their crops grow.Muhammad Yunus, the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to improve the lives of poor people, as well as his Bangladesh microfinance organization, the Grameen Bank, has lent small amount of money to poor people who are unable to get traditional loans, especially women. Minister Yunus says that he plans to give his share of the one million three hundred thousand dollars Nobel award to good causes. He says he wants to establish an eye hospital and start a project to produce low-cost food for the poor.1.To celebrate World Food Day, how many kinds of activities are mentioned in the passage A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.2.Which of the following statements is TRUE A.The F.A.O. is established to invest in agriculture for food security.B.The foreign aid for agriculture has reduced by nearly 50% in recent decades.C.The Grameen Bank has provided large amount of loans for poor farmers.D.Yunus will donate the entire Nobel award to help solve the hunger for the poor.3.With agricultural aid, farmers can .A.promote the production of crops B.produce low-cost foodC.invest money in other fields D.help to improve crop seeds4.Why did the writer write the passage A.To give an introduction of the F.A.O. B.To inform us of the situations of the world food.C.To appeal for more investment in agriculture. D.To show how to deal with the world's hunger.Keys: 说明文。10月16日是世界粮食日,也是联合国粮食及农业组织的周年日,许多国家都在以不同的形式庆祝这个节日。文章号召全世界重视对农业的资金投入,以帮助解决更多农民的饥饿问题。1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句和第三句可知,在罗马的联合国粮食及农业组织总部,跑步者将在城市历史区域进行5公里的比赛,其他国家的活动包括专家间的讨论、新闻发布会和音乐节目,可知为庆祝世界粮食日,文章提到了四种活动,故选C。2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的During the early 1990s, the foreign aid for agriculture was nine thousand million dollars each year. But now, it has declined to less than five thousand million dollars a year.(在20世纪90年代早期,对农业的外援每年为90亿美元。但是现在,它已经下降到每年不到50亿美元)可知,从20世纪90年代到现在的几十年中对农业的救助资金已经下降了接近50%,故选B。由第三段首句可知,本年度世界粮食日的主题是“投资农业以保障粮食安全”,这不是联合国粮食及农业组织成立的目的,故排除A项;由最后一段中的the Grameen Bank, has lent small amount of money to poor people可知,格莱珉银行向无法获得传统贷款的穷人提供了小额贷款,故排除C项;由文章最后两句可知,尤努斯部长计划将诺贝尔奖奖金中属于他的部分捐给慈善事业,D项中entire意为“全部的”,故排除D项。3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的They could buy better seeds,equipment and chemical fertilizers to help their crops grow.(他们可以购买更好的种子、设备和化肥来帮助他们的作物生长)可知,如果给农业的救助资金充足,农民就有资金购买更好的种子、设备和化肥,从而改善农业生产状况,增加庄稼的产量。故选A。4.C 推理判断题。根据首段中的The UN agency leads international efforts to defeat world hunger.(这个联合国机构领导战胜世界饥饿的国际努力)可知,F.A.O.成立旨在解决农民的温饱问题,作者写这篇文章的目的是号召全世界重视对农业的资金投入,帮助解决更多农民的饥饿问题,故选C。二、七选五Whether you volunteer at an animal shelter or in a hospital, volunteering is a wonderful opportunity to bring good into the world and support your community. There are a lot of different volunteering opportunities. ____16____ Here are some tips on how to be an even better volunteer.Volunteer for something you love. ____17____ If your passion is helping those with cancer, volunteer to raise money for research. If you're passionate about improving the environment, volunteer to pick up trash in public places. Your passion will keep you motivated, so put your effort into something you treasure.____ 18____ You are probably not best suited for directing traffic if you are shy. Be respectful to those organizers, but let them know your strengths and show them how your strengths can be beneficial to your volunteer work. Find the balance that brings your talents to the table and really helps the organization.Be on time. This is a simple but important idea. Think about being late for your work:your boss, coworkers and customers would be upset. The same applies to volunteering. ____ 19____ Mix your volunteer jobs. If you become bored, it may be time for a schedule change in your life.____ 20____ It is volunteering, so you aren't stuck in one place.A.Offer what you can do best.B.Ask what's expected of volunteers.C.So if such a thing does happen, just call and let them know.D.It doesn't matter what it is, but it does matter what you like.E.Therefore, everyone can find a volunteering opportunity that suits their skills and interests.F.However, you will volunteer longer in an organization that supports a cause you care about.G.Volunteer on different days or ask for different tasks to see what other opportunities are out there.Keys: 说明文。文章提供了一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。16.E 根据空前句(有很多不同的志愿服务机会)以及空后句(这里有一些关于如何成为更好的志愿者的建议)可知,E项(因此,每个人都可以找到一个适合自己技能和爱好的志愿服务机会)承上启下,符合语境。故选E。17.D 根据上文Volunteer for something you love.可知本段强调“志愿服务要基于自己的兴趣爱好”,所以D项(是什么并不重要,重要的是你喜欢什么)符合语境。故选D。18.A 根据下文可知要让组织者知道你的长处,并向他们展示你的长处如何有益于你的志愿者工作,找到一种平衡,既能发挥你的才能,又能真正帮助组织。A项(提供你能做到最好的)作为主题句能引领下文。故选A。19.C 本段主旨是“要守时”。根据上文Think about being late for your work:your boss, coworkers and customers would be upset. The same applies to volunteering.可知C项(所以如果确实发生了这样的事情,就打电话让他们知晓)符合语境。such a thing指being late,故选C。20.G 根据上文If you become bored, it may be time for a schedule change in your life.(如果你觉得无聊了,可能是时候改变一下你生活中的日程安排了)及下文It is volunteering, so you aren't stuck in one place.(这是志愿活动,所以你不会被困在一个地方)可知G项(换一天做志愿者,或者寻求不同的任务,看看那里还有没有其他的机会)符合语境。故选G。三、完形填空Most people get rid of their leftover foods, but in Nigerian－born visual artist Haneefah Adam's kitchen, they're put to good use.Adam, 28, is famous for __1__ food in creative ways, using it to make portraits and other works of art.She has __2__ been artistic.Her mother said she had a __3__ for art.Now, she's building a career out of changing food into art.“I do __4__ portraits and also often sew and paint, but what __5__ me the most is food art,” she says.Adam is inspired by __6__ things, including life experiences and culture.She __7__ everything around her as something that can be made into art.In 2016, she __8__ the TechMeetsArtNG exhibition, which was __9__ and funded by Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery. “__10__ the competition, my art was mostly random, and I was just recording food art on social media.But after winning, I started to think about __11__ making a living from food art,” she says.Winning the competition kickstarted Adam's __12__ and her fulltime job is now __13__ art for food brands such as Maggi and Dangote Salt.“I want to __14__ in more exhibitions.I currently live in Kwara, northern Nigeria；it is difficult to __15__ in the country's art scene from here,” she says.1. A.distributing B. mixing C. presenting D. selling2. A.always B. hardly C. never D. usually3. A.dilemma B. reputation C. standard D. talent4. A.alternative B. regular C. compulsory D. specific5. A.excites B. puzzles C. rejects D. presses6. A.artificial B. modest C. random D. visual7. A.collects B. devotes C. inspects D. sees8. A.competed B. held C. won D. performed9. A.sponsored B. donated C. expanded D. possessed10. A.After B. Since C. While D. Before11. A.actively B. frequently C. mildly D. roughly12. A.view B. space C. reward D. career13. A.learning B. creating C. advertising D. developing14. A.give B. bring C. result D. participate15. A.set an example B. have a try C. make a difference D. break a recordKeys: 本文是记叙文。来自尼日利亚的年轻女艺术家把日常的食物变成艺术品。从开始自己的随意设计到后来的获奖，从而把这门艺术变成自己的职业。1. C 根据上下文可知，Adam善于用创造性的方式呈现(presenting)食物的样子，也就是把食物设计成各种样式。2. A 根据下文可知，她妈妈说Adam从小就对艺术有天赋，因此她一直(always)以来都具有艺术细胞。3. D Adam的妈妈说她从小以来就有艺术天赋(talent)。4. B 根据后面的also often sew and paint可知，她经常(regular)画一些素描肖像画。形容词regular表示“经常的；定期的”之意。5. A 虽然她经常做缝纫活儿和画画，但是最让她兴奋(excites)开心的还是进行食物艺术。6. C Adam的艺术灵感来自日常随意的(random)事情，包括生活经历、文化等。根据后文my art was mostly random也可知，她开始的艺术基本都是随性的。7. D 她的灵感来自生活中随意的事情，因而她把自己周边的一切事物都看成(sees)可以被创作成艺术的灵感素材。8. C 根据下文可知，她赢得(won)了这场展览比赛。9. A 根据后面并列的funded可知，Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery赞助(sponsored)了这次展览比赛。10. D 比赛前(Before)她的食物艺术都是很随意的。她只在社交媒体上记录她的食物艺术品。后文的after也提示了答案。11. A 但是，比赛之后，她开始积极(actively)思考通过食物艺术来谋生了。12. D 上文提到她开始以食物艺术来谋生了。赢得这次比赛促使了她职业(career)的开始，后面也提到食物艺术设计成为了她的全职工作。13. B 她现在的工作就是为那些品牌食物创造(creating)各种艺术形式。14. D 她想参加(participate)更多的展览比赛，这样就有更多的空间和机会。15. C 她想参加更多的展览比赛，是因为目前她生活的地方无法给她更多的机会在食物设计艺术方面取得更多的成功，有更大的影响(make a difference)。四、语法填空Any bird that crossed his path would be eaten by Rex, a German shepherd. Rex 1.________ (rescue) from his previous shelter, where he was going to be put down after a biting incident. Last year, he 2.________ (eventual) arrived at Puriton Horse and Animal Rescue. Geraldine was a goose abandoned by owners who could no longer put up 3.________ her.She wasn't exactly the picture of 4.________ (warm), either, when she arrived at the same shelter three months ago. The dog and the goose were individually given labels like cruel and dangerous.Neither seemed particularly harmonious with humans or even members of their own species. But when the two 5.________ (annoy) creatures were offered a chance to hang out together, something magical happened. They chased each other when first 6.________ (introduce), but Geraldine stood up for herself and that was that. They just fell in love with each other.“I've been doing rescue work since 1997 and seen all 7.________ (kind) of strange animal behavior, but I've never seen anything like this,” said Sheila Brislin, 8.________ is the founder of the shelter. “It's so amusing to see them because they love each other to bits. They are very affectionate. She just 9.________ (run) around alongside him all day long and whenever we take him for 10.________ walk in the woods she has to come too.”Keys: 一只德国牧羊犬在一次咬人事件后被放到了普瑞顿马和动物救助中心以后，和一只被主人遗弃的鹅相爱了，他们整天在一起。1．was rescued 2．eventually 3．with 4．warmth 5．annoying 6．introduced 7．kinds 8．who 9．runs 10．a 【人教版2019】选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Sharing 重点句型+单元话题写作（演讲稿）【课前检查】一、单句语法填空1. A postman is a man employed to deliver letters and __________ (parcel).2. Last year, he __________ (mail) the documents to French journalists.3. He stood and __________ (dust) down his suit and folded the letter away.4. They are all uniform __________ size and shape.5. Medical opinion varies on how many __________ (tablet) it takes to overdose.6. The two __________ (chemist) shared the Nobel Prize.7. I did indeed look older and more __________ (wrinkle) than ever.8. He __________ (shade) from the sun by the pure white royal umbrella.9. They disapproved of my __________ (drag) in his wealth.10. The play, whose style is __________ (rigid) formal, is typical of the period.11. His nationality is not relevant __________ whether he is a good singer.12. It is said that only members have the privilege __________ (use) the submersible.13. I casually __________ (mention) that I might be interested in working abroad.二、语法填空The Tianshan Tuomuer Grand Canyon is about 25 kilometers long from east to west and 20 kilometers wide from north to south. It consists of three main 1. ________（valley）in the shape of the Chinese character "川". 2. ________（locate）in the northwest of Xinjang at the foot of Tuomur Peak, it is also known 3. __________ "Kuduluk Grand Canyon", 4. __________ means "hilling and mysterious "in Uygur（维吾尔语）. It is the only way to the ancient post road in the northern and southern Tianshan Mountains.On June 21, 2013, the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang 5. __________(list) as a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site. The area in which the Tuomur Grand Canyon lies is the 6. ________ (large) among the four places in the Tianshan Mountains, 7. __________ (account) for 59. 87 percent of the whole site.With its red canyons set against the snow-capped mountains in the distance, the dreamlike landscape 8. _______(complete)makes visitors lost in the beautiful and impressive view of nature. At night, you can see the stars. Remember that the temperature difference there is very large. While wearing short sleeves at noon, evenings may require 9. _______ down jacket and other warm clothes. There is no tour bus service, but visitors can drive to the canyon by 10. _________ (they) or hire a bus. Apart from it, Xinjiang is in possession of many appealing tourist spots, attracting a good number of visitors at home and abroad.【问题查找】完成句子1. 据报道中国已经研制了一种药来预防这种疾病。__________ __________ __________ __________ China has developed a kind of medicine to prevent this disease.2. 我刚到电影院，电影就开演了。I __________ __________ __________ __________ the cinema when the movie started.3. 我们会后悔做了某些事，也有些事我们后悔没去做。There are things we __________ __________ and things we regret not having done.4. 假设他在我们之前赶到家而又进不去呢 __________ __________ he goes home before us and can’t get into the house 5. 为什么你自己去爬山呢 __________ __________ __________ all by yourself 6. 这部电影除了结尾都很好。The movie was good __________ __________ the ending.【要点精讲】【重点句型】1.It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home...(P38) 它用了约两周的时间才到我这里。包裹虽然有点儿破损，但是拿到从家里寄来的糖果和果酱，还是很开心的……【句式剖析】It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth. (某人)花费时间做某事. it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth是句子的真正主语。此外，take还表示“需要”，it takes/took ...to do sth“做某事需要花费……”。 On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work. 周一早晨我通常要花一个小时开车去上班。【句式拓展】it作形式主语的句型:(1)It+be+形容词+to do/that... “做……是……的” It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam. 真让人惊讶，她居然通过了这次有难度的考试。(2)It+be+过去分词(said/ reported/ believed/thought/expected/announced)+ that... “据……” It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days. 据报告近一两日气温将明显下降。 It is announced that the sports meet will be held next Tuesday. 据通知，运动会将在下周二举行。【温馨提示】如果过去分词是suggested/ordered/required/advised/requested/insisted等表示建议、要求、命令的词时，从句应该用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的结构为“(should+)动词原形”。 It’s suggested that children (should) make their bed by themselves. 人们建议孩子应该自己铺床。(3) It+be+名词+to do/that... “做……是……” It is a great honour for me to be invited to speak at the meeting. 对于被邀请在会上讲话我感到非常荣幸。 It is our duty to do our part to make the world we live in a better place. 我们有责任尽我们的一份力量使我们生活的世界变得更美好。(4)It seems/happens/appears/looks/occurs/turns out that... “这似乎/碰巧/显得/看上去/出现/结果是……” It so happened that the train arrived at the station when I got there. 碰巧我到达车站时火车进站了。 Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. 我就要离开房子时，想起来我忘了带钥匙。(5)It worries/shocks/surprises/frightens+to do/that... “担心/震惊/惊喜/害怕的是……” It shocks me that he failed in this exam. 他考试不及格让我震惊。 It worries me that he should drive all that way on his own. 一路上他都将独自驾驶，这使我十分担心。【练习】1.他们一致没给我回信，让我担心__________ __________ __________ __________ they haven't answered my letters.2.他们花了三年多的时间完成了那项工程。__________ __________ __________ more than three years to finish that project.3.参加此次庆祝活动是我的荣幸。__________ __________ __________ __________ for me to take part in the celebration.2.The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!(P38) 那天，我在给孩子们演示化学实验时，我还没反应过来，混合物就从试管里冒了出来，溅得到处都是!【句式剖析】be doing...when...“正在做……这时(突然)……”，when 为并列连词。表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。 I was studying in my room when I heard screaming. 我正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。【句式拓展】(1)was/were about to do sth when... “正要做某事突然……” He was about to go home when the teacher came. 他正要回家，这时老师来了。 She was about to speak when she was stopped by her sister. 她刚要说话，就被她姐姐拦住了。(2)was/were going to do sth when... “正要做某事突然……” He was going to do the experiment when the teacher came in. 他正要做实验，这时老师进来了。 They were going to have lunch when a friend came. 他们正要吃午饭，一位朋友来访了。(3)was/were on the point of doing sth when...“正要做某事突然……” We were on the point of giving up when the headmaster came to encourage us. 我们正要放弃时，校长来鼓励我们了。 We were on the point of setting out when it began to rain. 我们正要出发时，天下起雨来。(4)had just done sth when...“刚做完某事突然……” I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷，铃就响了。 We had just got to the station when the train left. 我们刚到车站，火车就开走了。【练习】1.我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。I __________ __________ __________ go out when an unexpected visitor came.2.我正要给他打电话，这是他进来了。I __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ calling him when he came in.3.She regrets not bringing a kettle to Ghana to boil the water she needs.(P40) 她后悔没有带水壶去加纳来烧开她需要的水。【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。主句是She regrets not bringing..., she needs是定语从句，修饰water。regret doing sth“后悔做了某事”，此处是动词-ing形式的否定式，意为“后悔没有做某事”。 I now regret not working harder at school. 我现在后悔在学校时没有更努力学习。【句式拓展】(1)regret to do sth 对将要发生的事感到遗憾/抱歉 We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you the job. 我们遗憾地通知你,我们没法给你这份工作。(2)mean to do sth 打算(想要)做某事，主语只能是“人”。mean doing sth 意味着(要)做某事，主语不能是“人”。 To mean to do something and to actually do something are two different things. 打算做一件事和实际上做一件事是两回事。(3)can’t help to do sth 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth 不禁做某事 She can’t help to clean the house because she is busy making a cake. 她不能帮忙打扫房子，因为她正忙着做蛋糕。 We can’t help laughing when listening to the cross-talk. 我们听相声时都会情不自禁地笑。(4)go on to do sth 做完某事后接着做另一件事go on doing sth 继续(不停地)做正在做的事 Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习。 We went on talking till after midnight. 我们继续谈话直到午夜以后。(5)stop to do sth 停下正在做的事去做另一件事stop doing sth 停止做某事 He stopped to try to adjust his vision to the faint starlight. 他停下脚步试着让眼睛适应微弱的星光。 He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止讲话，房间里一点声音也没有了。(6)forget to do sth 忘记做某事forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过的事 It appears that he forgot to sign the letter. 他似乎忘记在信上署名了。 I shall never forget seeing the Alps for the first time. 我永远也不会忘记第一次看到阿尔卑斯山的感受。(7)remembered to do sth 记住将要做的事remembered doing sth 记得曾经做过的事 Remember to carry out your promise. 记住要履行你的承诺。 I remember meeting him but I just can’t visualize him. 我记得我见过他,可就是想不起他的样子了。(8)try to do sth 设法做某事；尽力做某事trying doing sth 试着做某事；尝试做某事 We must try to improve our service. 我们必须改进提高我们的服务。 I will try phoning him, but he may have left by now. 我要尝试给他打电话，但是他现在可能已经离开了。【练习】1.要想赶早班车，那就意味着我们得在5点钟以前起床。If we mean ____________________(catch) the early bus, that means getting up before five.2.跟人聊天时老忍不住看手机的人就被称为“低头族”People who can' t help ____________________(check) their phones during a conversation are known as phubbers.3.我后悔没有到更多的地方去旅行，而且我问过的几乎每个人都会这样说。I regret ____________________(travel) more, and so does nearly everyone that I have asked.4.Do you think students doing volunteer work is of any use (P42) 你认为学生做志愿工作有用处吗 【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。Do you think是主句，students doing volunteer...是宾语从句，is of any use是“be of+抽象名词”结构。“be of+抽象名词”结构，名词通常是use、importance、help、value、interest、benefit等，该结构相当于“be+名词所对应的形容词”，这类名词前可用no、some、any、little、much、great等对其进行修饰。 The vase purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value. 这只花高价购买的花瓶原来没什么价值。 It is hoped that these suggestions would be of great help to you. 希望这些建议对你有用。【练习】一句多译1.了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be __________ __________ __________ you.Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will be __________ __________ __________ __________you.5.Yeah, what if we have to clean out the smelly cages (P43) 是啊，如果我们必须清理那些难闻的笼子怎么办呢 【句式剖析】What if... 表示“要是……会怎么样呢 ”，后面跟一个句子，相当于“What will/would happen if... ”。 What if this doesn’t work out 如果这行不通怎么办呢 【句式拓展】(1)What if后面的句子也可以使用虚拟语气，即后面句子的谓语动词用一般过去式或“should+动词原形”，表示对将来的假设。 What if it rained and then froze all through those months 要是那几个月一直又下雨又冰冻怎么办 What if anything should happen to the child 万一这孩子出了差错怎么办 (2)What about... “……怎么样 ”常用来提出建议。 What about going out with me tomorrow 明天和我一起出去怎么样 What about these stories of success or failure 这些关于成功或失败的故事怎么样呢？【练习】1.去伦敦购物再看场演出怎么样？__________ __________ __________ shopping and seeing a show in London 2.要是您想看看诸如体育之类的节目，怎么办？__________ __________ you want to watch something like sports 6.Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development (P44) 中国还有很多地区需要发展，为什么还要帮助海外的人呢 【句式剖析】Why help people overseas是主句，when引导的是时间状语从句，that引导的是定语从句。Why do sth “为什么做某事呢 ”，常用来提出责难或表示不同意。 Why give him so much money that day 那天为什么给他那么多钱呢 【句式拓展】(1)Why not do sth 为什么不做某事 常用来提出建议或询问某人对某事的看法。 Why not ask the teacher for help 为什么不向老师寻求帮助呢 (2)Why not 为什么不呢？表示同意。 —Shall we go to the cinema this evening ——我们今晚去看电影好吗 —Why not Let’s start at 6.——好啊，我们六点出发。【练习】1.—It's a long time since I saw my sister.—__________ __________ __________ __________ (为什么不去看她) this weekend 2.__________ __________ __________ __________ (为什么做这个实验) this afternoon 7.We talked together, we spent our leisure time together, and except for school and work, we were neverapart.(P44) 我们一起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和工作，我们从未分开过。【句式剖析】except for是介词短语，表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，意为“除了……以外”。 Smith is a good man,except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。(1)except用于表示同类事物之间的关系，其意为“除……以外；除去”，后面可接名词、代词、动词、副词、介词短语。 We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们每天有一堂英语课。(接名词) They all went to the park last Sunday except him. 除了他以外，上星期天他们都去公园了。(接代词) He always goes to work by bike except recently. 除最近外，他总是骑自行车上班。(接副词)(2)except后接从句 This restaurant has nothing to recommend except that it’s cheap. 这家饭馆除了价钱便宜之外，一无可取。 He goes to work on time every day except when he is ill. 他每天都按时上班，除非他生病了。【练习】1.吃完早餐，学生们除了上学就不到别处去了。After breakfast the students went nowhere __________ __________.2.这两只钢笔样子差不多，就颜色不一样。These two pens are alike __________ __________ they're in different colors.3.除了有关研究的事，别的他什么也不关心。He has concern for nothing __________ __________ is related to his research work.【话题写作】演讲稿为何倾听 表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系谁来倾听 家长倾听孩子 理解孩子，消除代沟老师倾听学生 了解学生，满足需求同学相互倾听 增进友谊，互帮互学怎样倾听 请联系实际拟定内容实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表，更要学会倾听。请你根据上表中所提供的信息，写一篇主题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2.词数80左右。开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数； 3.演讲稿中不得提及所在学校及本人姓名。Good afternoon, everyone!The topic of my speech today is "Being a Good Listener". _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thank you for your listening!【写作指导】本单元的写作任务是演讲稿。在日常生活中，人们为参加会议或者集会时表达自己的意见、看法，或者汇报思想、工作情况等而准备的文稿就是发言稿。演讲稿具有宣传、鼓动、教育和欣赏等作用，它可以把演讲者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者，使他们信服并在情感上产生共鸣。演讲稿的基本组成部分包括：称呼语→正文(提出论题、进行论证、得出结论)→结束语。具体来说为：1.开始时对听众的称呼语(1)常用称呼语如Dear friends/Dear fellow students/Good morning, ladies and gentlemen/Good afternoon, everyone等，其后用逗号。(2)有时在称呼语后用一句客套语过渡。如：It is a great honour for me to give my speech here today.2.提出论题提出论题的方法各种各样，最常用的是开门见山直奔主题，如：The topic of my speech today is...；有时采用举例法；另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，可以从列举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。3.论证论证就是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等。列举讲话要点，常用first of all，secondly，finally等。4.结论结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。有时会加上一句总结性的话。如： In a word...；Only in this way can we...。5.结尾结尾要干净利落。常用的结束语有： Thank you very much for your attention. Thanks for listening.【常用表达】1.Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone. 大家早上好/下午好/晚上好。2.I’m very proud that I can tell you something about... 我很自豪能告诉你一些关于……3.I am very happy to show my opinion about... 我很高兴表达我对……的看法……4.In my opinion, we students should not drop litter carelessly and walk or ride to school as soon as possible. 在我看来，我们学生不应该随便乱扔垃圾，应该尽快步行或骑车上学。5.Every one of us should think about the future. 我们每个人都应该考虑未来。6.As long as we work together, I’m sure our beautiful dream will come true. 只要我们一起努力，我相信我们的美梦一定会实现。7.That’s all. Thank you!v夺人眼球开头句 My name is... Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation. I shall be speaking about...我是……今天很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是…… Good morning, everyone! It is my great honor to share with you my opinins on...大家上午好！很荣幸能和你们分享一下关于……我的看法。 It is my honor to stand here and say something about friendship.站在这里，谈谈关于友谊的话题对我来说是件荣幸的事情。v出彩主题句： The topic of my speech today is...我今天演讲的主题是…… As far as I am concerned, I think it is a good idea to...就我而言，我认为……是一个好主意。 I would like to concentrate on the problem of...我想把重点集中在……问题上。 As is known to us all, failure is the mother of success, but few people can really understand what the saying means.我们都知道失败是成功之母，可是很少有人真正理解这句格言的意思。v韵味无穷结尾句： Thanks for your listening (to my speech) That's all I want to say about this point.【写作训练】审题谋篇1.本文要求写一篇主题为“当一个优秀的倾听者”的演讲稿。2.时态：用一般现在时。3.人称：用第一人称、第三人称。4.布局：称呼语和结束语已给出，正文部分应主要从提出论题、进行论证和得出结论三个方面进行写作。可采用三段式。遣词造句【核心词汇】1.表示尊重 ______________________________2.改善人际关系 ______________________________3.消除代沟 ______________________________4.满足需求 ______________________________5.互帮互学 ______________________________【连词成句】1.良好的倾听能显示出对人的尊敬。Good listening can ____________________________________________________________________________.2.良好的倾听能改善人际关系。Good listening can improve interpersonal relationship ________________________________________________.3.同学应该多互相倾听。Students should _______________________________________________________________________________.4.多向同学们倾听不但能增进友谊，还可以互帮互学。Listening more to their classmates can _____________________________________________________________.5.我想强调的是我们每个人都应该多倾听他人。I want to stress that ____________________________________________________________________________.【句式升级】1.用“only＋方式状语”引起的倒装句合并上面第1、2句。Only by good listening _________________________________________________________________________.2.用非谓语动词作状语合并上面第3、4句。Students should listen more to their classmates, thus ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.3.用含主语从句的句子改写上面第5句。_________________________ is that each of us should listen more to others.组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。参考范文Good afternoon, everyone!The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.Only by good listening can we show respect to people and improve interpersonal relationship. Parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus promoting their friendship and helping and learning from each other.What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk, for good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.Thank you for your listening!【梳理优化】演讲稿常用表达：1.Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone. 大家早上好/下午好/晚上好。2.I’m very proud that I can tell you something about... 我很自豪能告诉你一些关于……3.I am very happy to show my opinion about... 我很高兴表达我对……的看法……4.In my opinion, we students should not drop litter carelessly and walk or ride to school as soon as possible. 在我看来，我们学生不应该随便乱扔垃圾，应该尽快步行或骑车上学。5.Every one of us should think about the future. 我们每个人都应该考虑未来。6.As long as we work together, I’m sure our beautiful dream will come true. 只要我们一起努力，我相信我们的美梦一定会实现。7.That’s all. Thank you!v夺人眼球开头句 My name is... Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation. I shall be speaking about...我是……今天很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是…… Good morning, everyone! It is my great honor to share with you my opinins on...大家上午好！很荣幸能和你们分享一下关于……我的看法。 It is my honor to stand here and say something about friendship.站在这里，谈谈关于友谊的话题对我来说是件荣幸的事情。v出彩主题句： The topic of my speech today is...我今天演讲的主题是…… As far as I am concerned, I think it is a good idea to...就我而言，我认为……是一个好主意。 I would like to concentrate on the problem of...我想把重点集中在……问题上。 As is known to us all, failure is the mother of success, but few people can really understand what the saying means.我们都知道失败是成功之母，可是很少有人真正理解这句格言的意思。v韵味无穷结尾句： Thanks for your listening (to my speech) That's all I want to say about this point.【强化巩固】一、完成句子1. 你的建议对我有很大的帮助，我期待着你早日答复。Your suggestions are __________ __________ __________ __________ and I'm looking forward to your early reply.=Your suggestions are __________ __________ __________ __________ me and I'm looking forward to your early reply.2. 除了在报上读到的以外，我对这件事一无所知。I know nothing about it except __________ __________ __________ __________ in the papers.3. 我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。I sold everything I owned __________ __________ my car and my books.4. 为什么不再给她次机会呢 __________ __________ __________ her another chance 5. 作为一名应届毕业生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。As a new graduate, he doesn’t know __________ __________ __________ to start a business here.6. 重要的是要记住每个人的不同反应。__________ __________ __________ to remember that each person reacts differently.7. 妈妈正在打电话，突然门被风吹开了。Mother __________ __________ a phone call __________ the door was blown open.二、应用文写作假如你是李华，现任学校学生会主席。最近，你所在的城市正开展“帮助贫困孩子”的活动。你将代表学生会起草一份演讲稿，号召同学们帮助这些孩子们，并利用暑假时间积极到边远地区去参加志愿者活动。主要包括以下要点：1.介绍贫困孩子的现状；2.呼吁同学们参加活动。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语和结束语已给出，不计词数。Dear brothers and sisters,Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanks for your listening!【课后练习】一、阅读理解AVoluntary organizationsHorizon School Peru Area:PeruWe are a non-profit organization based in Trujillo, Peru. We provide free English classes for the nearby area, which we believe can help the community get out of poverty. By learning English, people here will be able to get more job chances.As a volunteer, you will have to teach English both in Horizon School Peru and at a local public school. It's also a chance to explore Trujillo and the local beach town. Volunteers will get to experience the Peruvian culture and cooking as well as the language. Please get in touch with us at contact@.Do-it.org.uk Area:the United KingdomIf you want to make a difference, meet new people or learn new skills through volunteering, then look no further than do-it.org.uk—a volunteering website of the UK, which provides over a million chances to volunteer. Just enter your postcode and interests on www.do-it.org.uk, look through the chances and apply online. It's as simple as that.Aim Abroad Area:IndiaAim Abroad is a non-profit voluntary organization based in India. International volunteers are welcome to take part in the programs for the improvement of society. For more information, please visit www.aimabroad.org.Adventist Nepal Area:NepalWe are a non-profit organization lying in Kathmandu, Nepal, with the purpose of providing volunteer service in Nepal in the field of education, health, human rights, writing, travel, etc. If you are interested in working as a volunteer and are looking for help, please feel free to get in touch with us at info@adventistnepal.org. We also provide home stay service for visitors.1.What are volunteers in Horizon School Peru required to do A.Attend English classes. B.Offer free English lessons.C.Experience the local culture. D.Talk in English with the locals.2.If you are concerned about health problems, which organization can you apply to A.Aim Abroad. B.Do-it.org.uk. C.Adventist Nepal. D.Horizon School Peru.3.What do the four organizations have in common A.Their aim is to help the poor. B.They only accept local volunteers.C.Their volunteers must have many skills. D.Volunteers can apply for positions online.BLike most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money.This is how I experimented with giving away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighbourhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in all unexpected form.One Sunday morning, the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard (无意中听到) our conversation. “Wasn't it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home ” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don't know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.”1. From the passage, we understand that the author ________.A. did not understand the importance of giving until he was in his late thirtiesB. was like most people who were mostly receivers rather than giversC. received the same education as most people during his childhoodD. liked most people as they looked upon life as a process of getting2. According to the author, ________.A. giving means you will lack money B. the excitement of giving can bring you moneyC. you don't have to be rich in order to give D. when you give away money, you will be rich3. The author would make the suggestion to the storekeeper ________.A. in writing B. in person C. in the window display D. about the neighbourhood4. When the author needed a post office box, ________.A. he had put his name on a waiting listB. he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciationC. many people had applied for post office boxes before himD. he asked the postmaster to make one for himCFor Alison Rollinson, picking out the best experiences from her volunteer work is a major challenge."There are so many to choose from," said Rollinson, who has spent more than one year doing disaster volunteer work after Hurricane Katrina."The best parts are having the opportunity to be in an environment where you can meet the needs of people and know that your time is being used in a good way," she said.After spending her first few months working as a volunteer, Rollinson was hired full-time. Taking the step to do disaster relief work full-time—first as a volunteer and then as an employee—was just what needed to be done, Rollinson said.Before Katrina hit, Rollinson had planned on moving to Key Largo and working as a hotel clerk. Seeing the need on the Gulf Coast, Rollinson changed her plans."I've always been interested in helping people out, and then, because of this hurricane and the devastation(毁坏) I saw on TV, I felt that my time would be better spent doing disaster work for a few months rather than sitting in a hotel," she said.Rollinson said, "I haven't regretted that decision once. The experiences have been life-changing and have taught me a lot about myself and the Gulf Coast residents."She said, "I hope that my experience will inspire others to come to the Gulf Coast to help, especially since so much work remains to be done. The needs are great for the Gulf Coast residents and volunteering to help is easy.""All people have to do is to have an open mind and give us a call," Rollinson said. "Anyone can come here and they can help out in many different ways. It's great to be in such a supportive place where you can really feel the love."1. According to the passage, Rollinson thought that _____.A. she had got lots of wonderful experiences from volunteer workB. she had made great contribution to the Gulf Coast residentsC. she would take measures to do more disaster relief workD. she would contribute her life to volunteer work2. Rollinson hasn't regretted her decision to be a volunteer because _____.A. she has got a better job after volunteering B. she can work in a hotel on the Gulf CoastC. she regards volunteering as a valuable experience D. she has known many people on the Gulf Coast3. Rollinson helped the Gulf Coast residents and hoped _____.A. to learn more about disastersB. to inspire more people to become volunteersC. to call for more people to come to live on the Gulf CoastD. to gain a better reputation for herself4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage A. A Volunteer Happy to Help B. Volunteers on the GulfC. What a Volunteer's Duty Is D. How to Be a VolunteerDOctober sixteenth is World Food Day. This day is also the anniversary of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(F.A.O.). The UN agency leads international efforts to defeat world hunger. It was created in 1945.The F.A.O. says more than one hundred and fifty countries are to hold special events to celebrate World Food Day. At F.A.O. headquarters in Rome, for example, runners will compete in a five-kilometer race through the city's historical area. Events in other countries include discussions among experts, press conferences and musical programs.The message of this year's World Food Day is “investing in agriculture for food security”. The F.A.O. says, “During the early 1990s, the foreign aid for agriculture was nine thousand million dollars each year. But now, it has declined to less than five thousand million dollars a year.” Yet, the F.A.O. estimates that more than eight hundred and fifty million people around the world do not get enough food.The UN agency notes that seventy percent of the world's hunger lies in the farmers who grow small amount of food. Many also face problems of feeding themselves. The F.A.O. says agricultural aid could help small farmers make a profit from their crops. Farmers would also be able to feed their families throughout the year and reinvest in their farms. They could buy better seeds, equipment and chemical fertilizers to help their crops grow.Muhammad Yunus, the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to improve the lives of poor people, as well as his Bangladesh microfinance organization, the Grameen Bank, has lent small amount of money to poor people who are unable to get traditional loans, especially women. Minister Yunus says that he plans to give his share of the one million three hundred thousand dollars Nobel award to good causes. He says he wants to establish an eye hospital and start a project to produce low-cost food for the poor.1.To celebrate World Food Day, how many kinds of activities are mentioned in the passage A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.2.Which of the following statements is TRUE A.The F.A.O. is established to invest in agriculture for food security.B.The foreign aid for agriculture has reduced by nearly 50% in recent decades.C.The Grameen Bank has provided large amount of loans for poor farmers.D.Yunus will donate the entire Nobel award to help solve the hunger for the poor.3.With agricultural aid, farmers can .A.promote the production of crops B.produce low-cost foodC.invest money in other fields D.help to improve crop seeds4.Why did the writer write the passage A.To give an introduction of the F.A.O. B.To inform us of the situations of the world food.C.To appeal for more investment in agriculture. D.To show how to deal with the world's hunger.二、七选五Whether you volunteer at an animal shelter or in a hospital, volunteering is a wonderful opportunity to bring good into the world and support your community. There are a lot of different volunteering opportunities. ____16____ Here are some tips on how to be an even better volunteer.Volunteer for something you love. ____17____ If your passion is helping those with cancer, volunteer to raise money for research. If you're passionate about improving the environment, volunteer to pick up trash in public places. Your passion will keep you motivated, so put your effort into something you treasure.____ 18____ You are probably not best suited for directing traffic if you are shy. Be respectful to those organizers, but let them know your strengths and show them how your strengths can be beneficial to your volunteer work. Find the balance that brings your talents to the table and really helps the organization.Be on time. This is a simple but important idea. Think about being late for your work:your boss, coworkers and customers would be upset. The same applies to volunteering. ____ 19____ Mix your volunteer jobs. If you become bored, it may be time for a schedule change in your life.____ 20____ It is volunteering, so you aren't stuck in one place.A.Offer what you can do best.B.Ask what's expected of volunteers.C.So if such a thing does happen, just call and let them know.D.It doesn't matter what it is, but it does matter what you like.E.Therefore, everyone can find a volunteering opportunity that suits their skills and interests.F.However, you will volunteer longer in an organization that supports a cause you care about.G.Volunteer on different days or ask for different tasks to see what other opportunities are out there.三、完形填空Most people get rid of their leftover foods, but in Nigerian－born visual artist Haneefah Adam's kitchen, they're put to good use.Adam, 28, is famous for __1__ food in creative ways, using it to make portraits and other works of art.She has __2__ been artistic.Her mother said she had a __3__ for art.Now, she's building a career out of changing food into art.“I do __4__ portraits and also often sew and paint, but what __5__ me the most is food art,” she says.Adam is inspired by __6__ things, including life experiences and culture.She __7__ everything around her as something that can be made into art.In 2016, she __8__ the TechMeetsArtNG exhibition, which was __9__ and funded by Samsung Nigeria and Rele Gallery. “__10__ the competition, my art was mostly random, and I was just recording food art on social media.But after winning, I started to think about __11__ making a living from food art,” she says.Winning the competition kickstarted Adam's __12__ and her fulltime job is now __13__ art for food brands such as Maggi and Dangote Salt.“I want to __14__ in more exhibitions.I currently live in Kwara, northern Nigeria；it is difficult to __15__ in the country's art scene from here,” she says.1. A.distributing B. mixing C. presenting D. selling2. A.always B. hardly C. never D. usually3. A.dilemma B. reputation C. standard D. talent4. A.alternative B. regular C. compulsory D. specific5. A.excites B. puzzles C. rejects D. presses6. A.artificial B. modest C. random D. visual7. A.collects B. devotes C. inspects D. sees8. A.competed B. held C. won D. performed9. A.sponsored B. donated C. expanded D. possessed10. A.After B. Since C. While D. Before11. A.actively B. frequently C. mildly D. roughly12. A.view B. space C. reward D. career13. A.learning B. creating C. advertising D. developing14. A.give B. bring C. result D. participate15. A.set an example B. have a try C. make a difference D. break a record四、语法填空Any bird that crossed his path would be eaten by Rex, a German shepherd. Rex 1.________ (rescue) from his previous shelter, where he was going to be put down after a biting incident. Last year, he 2.________ (eventual) arrived at Puriton Horse and Animal Rescue. Geraldine was a goose abandoned by owners who could no longer put up 3.________ her.She wasn't exactly the picture of 4.________ (warm), either, when she arrived at the same shelter three months ago. The dog and the goose were individually given labels like cruel and dangerous.Neither seemed particularly harmonious with humans or even members of their own species. But when the two 5.________ (annoy) creatures were offered a chance to hang out together, something magical happened. They chased each other when first 6.________ (introduce), but Geraldine stood up for herself and that was that. They just fell in love with each other.“I've been doing rescue work since 1997 and seen all 7.________ (kind) of strange animal behavior, but I've never seen anything like this,” said Sheila Brislin, 8.________ is the founder of the shelter. “It's so amusing to see them because they love each other to bits. They are very affectionate. She just 9.________ (run) around alongside him all day long and whenever we take him for 10.________ walk in the woods she has to come too.” 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 【人教版2019】选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Sharing 重点句型+单元话题写作（演讲稿）（学生版）.docx 【人教版2019】选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Sharing 重点句型+单元话题写作（演讲稿）（教师版）.docx
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