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2024 年高考高三英语语法填空
【高考语法填空真题引领】
01（2023 新高考 I 卷）（保留原题序号）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
02（2023 浙江 1 月卷）（保留原题序号）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心 的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers.
【语法填空热点话题押题】
03（2023 春 · 江苏淮安 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, 1 UNESCO World Heritage Site, have 45 major caves and more than 59,000 Buddha statues, with a grotto complex about 1 km long from east to west.
2 (current), a giant 3D printing reproduction of Cave No. 3 at the Yungang Grottoes is on display at the Yungang Grottoes Art Museum in Qingdao, east China’s Shandong Province. This is the first time in the world that 3D printing technology 3 (use) to reproduce such a large-scale cultural relic.
The identical reproduction strictly matches the appearance and scale of the original. The copy of the cave 4 (measure) 17.9 meters tall by 13.6 meters wide, while the main Buddha stands at 9.93 meters tall.
During the replication process, 3D technicians first collected some 10,000 images of the cave and the Buddha to build up a digital model, 5 was then divided into 842 parts to be printed with multiple 3D 6 (printer). The final installation(安装) and coloring stages took the team three months 7 (complete).
The reproduction not only allows people to get much 8 (close) to the precious heritage items 9 damaging the original objects, but also helps to enhance the research, documentation,
digitalization and preservation of the relics 10 (they).
04（2020·全国 · 高三专题练习）
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
Pingyao Ancient City, 1 is located in central Shanxi province, is a famous culture town with 2, 700 years of history. As the most complete county representing the Ming and Qing dynasties, 2 whole city was named a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in December 1997. It serves 3 a helpful resource for the analysis of the development of Chinese politics, economy, culture, art and religion.
Pingyao was built up based on the cultural thoughts and architectural style of the Han nationality of China. To this day, the city walls and buildings have maintained 4 (they) 14th-18th century style. Pingyao Ancient City 5 (build) first in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Over 2,700 years, the stone walls were kept intact (完整的) during the dynastic transition.
The shops lining South Street 6 (be) heritages of the Ming and Qing dynasties. After the 16th century, Pingyao 7 (become) a local commercial center, 8 (reach) its peak in the
mid-late 19th century.
Keeping the typical pattern of Ming and Qing 9 (dynasty), Pingyao Ancient City has four main streets ，eight side streets and 72 lanes. The 10 ( amaze )beautiful three-story houses stand in the center of city, while two - story stores gather along the streets. It is also an archetype (典 型) of an Chinese ancient city.
05（2023 春 · 重庆万州 · 高三阶段练习）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Forbidden City is also known as the Palace Museum. It lies in the city center of Beijing and 1 (be) once the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368 -1911) . Listed as a World Heritage Site in 1987, the Forbidden City is one of the largest, best-protected ancient 2 (palace) in the world.
3 (build) between 1406 and 1420, the Forbidden City was home to 24 emperors and their families and acted as the 4 (politics) center of ancient Chinese government
throughout 500 years. 5 the Last Emperor of China left the palace, it later became a museum open to the public in 1925. Since then, the Forbidden City is no longer ‘forbidden’ .
Rectangular (长方形的) in shape, the Forbidden City is 6 (terrible) large, covering an area of 72 hectares, and made up of more than 9, 000 rooms. It 7 (divide) into two parts - the Inner Court as living quarters in the north and the Outer Court 8 national affairs in the south. It is not only a great architectural masterpiece, but also a storehouse 9 (house) a unique collection of 1.8 million pieces of art. As 10 must-see in Beijing and the world’s most visited museum, it is worth spending half to one day to visit the Forbidden City and appreciate the precious cultural heritage of China.
06（2023·全国 · 校联考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Fujian province, over 3,000 Tulou scatter ( 散 落) in the mountains, more than any other province in China. Some of them are circular, while others are rectangular (方形的). They also vary 1 size and height.
A Tulou usually has 3 to 5 floors, covering 2 area of around 5,000 square meters. A
Tulou can accommodate hundreds of people, who live and work together, 3 (share) the
public areas, as well as the public 4 (facility) such as the well and the stairs. So, a Tulou 5 (function) as a village unit. It brings unity to all the villagers, passing down the traditional culture.
The 6 (early) Tulou was built in the 13th century, when the Hakka people moved to Fujian during the war. 7 (settle) here permanently, the Hakka people built the Tulou based on the local geographical environment, for both living and defense purposes. Featuring mud walls 8 are over one meter thick, a specially-designed entrance, high windows and secret tunnels (地 道), the Tulou can defend against enemies effectively.
In 2008, the Fujian Tulou were on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Nowadays, the Tulou are no longer defensive buildings, 9 they still reflect the ideas of harmony and cooperation while living together.
When you get a chance, why not visit Fujian Tulou and take a look at these 10 (impress) earthen buildings
07（2023·陕西咸阳 · 统考三模）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal of China was first dug in 486 BC, and well developed through the late 6th to early 10th century. From the late 13th until 19th century, with the highest section built and the overall length 1 (shorten), the Canal was turned into a main passage between northern 2 southern China as well as the economic lifeline of the country. Consisting of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, the Jing-Hang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal, the Canal 3 (stretch) over 2, 700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial-level administrative regions and 4 (link) five major water systems. The Grand Canal also connects with the Eurasian Silk Road to the west and extends the water trade route to the east.
The Grand Canal was 5 notable achievement of the ancient Chinese people. Its
connection of the political and economic centers played a 6 (centre) role in the political unity, economic 7 (grow) and cultural prosperity of China, and contributed to the livelihood,
exchanges and integration of the population along its route.
The Grand Canal 8 (announce) by the State Council as one of the seventh batch of Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level in March, 2013 and registered 9 the UNSECO World Heritage List in June, 2014. This large-scale, living cultural heritage spreads like a huge dragon across the vast territory of China, 10 (it) ripples shining golden scales (鳞片) in the new age.
08（2023 春 ·湖北咸宁 · 高三联考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the world’s longest man-made canal, the Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in the north-eastern and central-eastern plains of China, 1 runs from Beijing in the north to
Zhejiang Province in the south.
The Grand Canal ( 大运河) is one of the greatest hydraulic ( 与水利系统有关的) projects in
human history, 2 (stretch) 1,794 kilometers. Constructed in sections from the 5th century AD onwards, it was built as a unified means of communication for the empire for the first time in the Sui Dynasty. By the 13th century it consisted of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways, linking five of China’s main river 3 (basin). The canal was 4 important factor for the economy, social 5 (stable) and government functions in ancient China. It also helped the evolution of Chinese culture by enhancing communication 6 the south and the north.
It is widely acknowledged 7 the Grand Canal is precious heritage passed down to us by our ancestors and is flowable culture that should 8 (preserve). China will continue to carry out 9 (integrate) regional development strategies for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and draw up a new national policy for environmental protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. The purpose is 10 (seek) greater
cooperation of opening-up among different parts of the country.
09（2023 春 · 江西南昌 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Dunhuang used to be the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place 1 East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert. Dunhuang’s long and glorious history represents its significance as a centre of 2 (culture) and commercial exchange. And now, it is a world-class tourist destination boasting 3 (site) with UNESCO-protected heritage status. 4
(know) as the Mogao Grottoes, its more than 700 ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1,000 years. 5 you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that
include elements from Ancient Greece, India and Iran. The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories 6 scenes of everyday life. These images are full of life, reflecting the 7 (confident) and optimism of people from that time. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, 8 (hide) thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls, as well as silk
embroideries. However, the reason why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains 9 mystery. In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 10 (gradual), it faded from memory.
Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.
10（2023 春 ·河南驻马店 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On the north bank of Fuxian Lake in Chengjiang County, Yunnan Province sits a straw-hat-shaped mountain 1 (call) Maotian Mountain, 2 a 512-hectare site is
praised as a “world-class treasure trove of fossils” by the international scientific community. On July 1,1984, young paleontologists in China discovered a fossil of the arthropod (节肢动物化石) with a long tail in Maotian Mountain. “ 3 we had studied in China were just shell of fossils. The arthropods, lifelike fossils with legs, which belonged to fossils of soft-bodied animals, are 4 game changer in the research of China’s paleontology (古生物学)”, Hou Xianguang, a paleontologist
said.
Scientists have obtained a large number of research results on Chengjiang Fossil Site. The reason why Chengjiang fauna ( 动物群) is 5 great significance is that it is closely related to the emergence of the animal tree of life.
Up to now, more than 20 phyla and more than 280 species 6 (record)in the Chengjiang Fossil Site, of which, 80% are new species. On July 1, 2012, the Chengjiang Fossil Site 7 (be) inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO, 8 (become) China’ s first World Heritage Site for paleontological fossils.
The UNESCO evaluation says the Chengjiang Fossil Site is one of the 9 (early) records of a complex marine ecosystem of the early Cambrian communities. The property displays excellent quality of fossil 10 (preserve). It presents an exceptional record of the rapid diversification of life on Earth during the early Cambrian period.
11（2023 春 ·河北石家庄 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Originally constructed around 256 BCE 1 the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still in use today. During the Warring States period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem 2 (thorough). He 3 (lead) a team to construct a levee to redirect a portion of the river’s
flow. Then they cut 4 channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water. After the system 5 (finish) no more floods occurred. What’s more, it made Sichuan one of the 6 (product) agricultural regions in China 7 the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation. If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an unusual construction 8 resembles a fish’s mouth. This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, was scientifically designed to control the water flow throughout the year. 9 (recognise) as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan 10 (irrigate) farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years.
12（2023 春 ·广东中山 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shortly after dawn, the 680-year-old Lion Grove Garden(狮子林) wakes up to the sound of birds. First 1 (construct) by a group of monks, this amazing garden 2 (attract) a constant stream of celebrity guests since the the Yuan Dynasty.
3 (cover) an area of about 2.7 acres, Lion Grove Garden is 4 ideal sightseeing site as it has richly ornamental pavilions and towers in different styles. As a must-visit attraction for travelers to Suzhou, the Lion Grove Garden was added 5 the World Heritage List in 00. “Visiting a garden is like unrolling a traditional Chinese landscape painting. Though being artificial, they seemed like 6 (nature) wonders,” says He Fengchun, director of the Suzhou Institute of Landscape Architecture Design.
Zhenqu Ting (True Delight Pavilion) is certainly the most magnificent one of all the buildings in
the garden due to 7 (it) royal design with an inscription authored by Emperor Qianlong 8 visited the garden several times.
Lion Grove Garden also 9 (house) many rare and precious plaques, steles, and paintings. More than 60 rare rubbings of inscriptions of the works of famous calligraphers from the Song Dynasty (960-1279) such as Sushi, Huang Tingjian and Mifu can 10 (find) on the walls of the passageways of Lion Grove Garden.
13（2023 春 ·广东珠海 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Featuring sparkling lakes, spectacular waterfalls, and colorful leaves, Jiuzhaigou National Park in Sichuan Province is a picturesque fairyland. The park’s name, 1 means “Nine Village Valley,” originated from the nine Tibetan 2 (village) there. It is located in Jiuzhaigou County of the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province. It 3 (list) as a UNESCO world heritage site in 1992. The park is also home 4 3,634 species of plants and animals, including giant pandas and golden snub-nosed monkeys, 5 (win) the good reputation of an “earthly paradise”. The national park covers 6 area of 720 square kilometers and ranges from 1,996 to 4,764 meters above sea level.
In 2017, a massive 7.0-magnitude earthquake 7 (strike) Jiuzhaigou, and the scenic area was closed due to damage. After continuous reconstruction and natural 8 (recover), the park reopened to visitors in 20. After the pandemic, the tourist destination has 9 (full) regained its former charm. Tourism facilities have also been improved 10 (provide) better services to tourists.
14（2023 春 ·河南 · 高三联考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall
As a symbol of ancient Chinese civilization, the Great Wall is one of the world’s oldest and most magnificent ( 壮 丽 的 ) man-made scenes, 1 has a long history. Given its out-standing
architectural achievement and remarkable historical influence, the Great Wall 2 (list) as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in 1987, the first of 3 (it) kind in China.
The Great Wall was 4 (original) built over 2,000 years ago during the West Zhou Dynasty, and served 5 a functional military defence. It had been playing a crucial role in wars in ancient Chinese history. Therefore, it was continually to be extended in the next 2,000 years, till the end of Ming Dynasty. As a result, the Great Wall was expanded to many places in China and formed a beautiful shape.
Because its 6 (long) is 21,196. 18 km, it is widely named “Wanli Changcheng”. There are Northern Great Wall and Southern Great Wall, according to the locations.
The Great Wall is a place steeped in history and has much 7 (offer) you. For those who are fascinated ( 入迷 的) by it and 8 (greed) for the knowledge of it, you will find massive information about it, the historical development, the background stories and its facts and figures. Whether you are a history-loving traveler 9 a lover of natural landscape, you will never get
tired of the Great Wall, one of the seven 10 (wonder) in the world.
15（2023·河南 · 统考一模）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
After Emperor Kangxi decided to build 1 summer resort here in 1703, Chengde became the second political center of the Qing Dynasty, and it was also the place where the emperors received foreign guests, avoided summer heat and hunted.
2 (construct) throughout the 18th century, the Mountain Resort was used by some emperors of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign( 统 治 )of Emperor Yongzheng, the city Rehe was called Chengde for the first time, and it reached its 3 (high) in the reign of Emperor Qianlong.
The Moutain Resort and Eight Outer Temples 4 (list) among the World Cultural Heritage sites in 1994, and they have contributed towards the city being one of the famous cities in the world.
A little further up north of Chengde lies another jewel of the city-the natural hot springs. It’s no wonder that in Qing Dynasty Chengde was called Rehe, which literally translates 5 “hot river” . The hot springs 6 (contain) about 43 kinds of minerals are 7 (benefit) to the human
body.
In the southwest of Chengde, there is a wonderland, 8 (specific) for artists and space lovers. It’s also home to one of the world’s biggest telescopes known as LAMOST, through 9 you can observe more than 4000 stars at one time.
Whether you have a creative spirit, a scientific mind 10 are simply looking for a soul-cleansing getaway, Chengde is a perfect place for you.2024 年高考高三英语语法填空
【高考语法填空真题引领】
01（2023 新高考 I 卷）（保留原题序号）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【 答案 】61. to 62. built 63. which##that 64. wonders 65. but 66. Having visited 67. was
amazed 68. recording 69. remarkable 70. means
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结 合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了 这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
61.考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有 3000 多年的辉 煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的 “From Buddhist temples to museums ”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到…… ”， 用介词 to。故填 to。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是 3000 多年辉 煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非 谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的…… ”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads ”之间为被动 关系，用过去分词。故填 built。
63.考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方， 21 世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place ”， 在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词 which 或 that 引导。故填 which/that。
64.考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21 世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的 “historical buildings of the past ”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填 wonders。
65.考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. ”之间存在转折关系，用 but。故填 but。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的 10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，
惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语， 和主句主语“I ”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years ”可知，用完成时态， 由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填 Having visited。
67.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的 10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，
惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据 下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. ”可知， 本句用一般过去时； 主语 I 和动词 amaze 之间为被动关系， 所以用被动语态。故填 was amazed。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填 recording。
69.考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这 意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的 50 年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成 分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city ”。故填 remarkable。
70.考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着 这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的 50 年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动 词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development ”，单数，所以谓语动词
用第三人称单数形式。故填 means。
02（2023 浙江 1 月卷）（保留原题序号）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心 的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers.
56. and 57. originally 58. surrounded 59. were permitted 60. featured 61. spacious 62.simpler 63. as 64. events 65. the
【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
56.考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句 子结构可知，planned 和 arranged 是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词 and 连接。故填 and。
57.考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井” 的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动 词 meaning 需要填副词形式。故填 originally。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分 析句子结构，was 是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语 the Forbidden City 和 surround 之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填 surrounded。
59.考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子 结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语 Citizens of higher social classes 构成被动关系，因为 是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填 were permitted。
60.考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷 的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可 知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填 featured。
61.考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处 需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词 homes。故填 spacious。
62.考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并 且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和 and 可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的 smaller 构成
并列结构作表语。故填 simpler。
63.考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事， 甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为” ，as 是介词意为“作为” ，符 合句意。故填 as。
64.考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故 事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词 historic 可知，空格处需要填名词， 且 event 为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填 events。
65.考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反 映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词 culture 后面的介词短语 of grassroots Beijingers 可知， 此处 culture 表示特指概念，应用定冠词 the 修饰。故填 the。
【语法填空热点话题押题】
03（2023 春 · 江苏淮安 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, 1 UNESCO World Heritage Site, have 45 major caves and more than 59,000 Buddha statues, with a grotto complex about 1 km long from east to west.
2 (current), a giant 3D printing reproduction of Cave No. 3 at the Yungang Grottoes is on display at the Yungang Grottoes Art Museum in Qingdao, east China’s Shandong Province. This is the first time in the world that 3D printing technology 3 (use) to reproduce such a large-scale cultural relic.
The identical reproduction strictly matches the appearance and scale of the original. The copy of the cave 4 (measure) 17.9 meters tall by 13.6 meters wide, while the main Buddha stands at 9.93 meters tall.
During the replication process, 3D technicians first collected some 10,000 images of the cave and the Buddha to build up a digital model, 5 was then divided into 842 parts to be printed with multiple 3D 6 (printer). The final installation(安装) and coloring stages took the team three months 7 (complete).
The reproduction not only allows people to get much 8 (close) to the precious heritage items 9 damaging the original objects, but also helps to enhance the research, documentation, digitalization and preservation of the relics 10 (they).
【答案】
1．a 2．Currently 3．has been used 4．measures 5．which 6．printers 7．to complete 8．closer 9 ．without 10 ．themselves
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青岛市的云冈石窟艺术馆正在展出山西大同云冈石窟 的巨型 3D 打印复制品，并具体描写了复制品的相关信息、复制过程和复制的好处。
1 ．考查冠词。句意：山西大同云冈石窟是一个联合国教科文组织世界遗产保护区，有 45 个主
要洞穴和 5.9 万多尊佛像，石窟群东西长约 1 公里。根据句意，这里泛指联合国教科文组织的 一个世界遗产保护区，且 UNESCO 的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a。故填 a。
2 ．考查副词。句意： 目前，中国东部山东省青岛市的云冈石窟艺术馆正在展出云冈石窟第 3 窟 的 巨型 3D 打 印复制 品 。这里应用副词修饰整个句子 ，currently 意为“ 目前 ”。故填 Currently。
3 ．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这是世界上第一次使用 3D 打印技术复制如此大规模的 文物。This is the first time that...为固定句型，意为“这是第一次…… ”，从句应用现在完成时。 根据句意，从句的主语为 3D printing technology，且和动词 use 之间是动宾关系，所以应用现 在完成时的被动语态，且谓语应用单数形式。故填 has been used。
4 ．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该石窟的复制品高 17.9 米，宽 13.6 米，而主佛像高 9.93 米。空处作前一分句的谓语。主语为 The copy of the cave，表示单数，且和 measure“（指 尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为 ”之间是主谓关系，所以应用主动语态，且谓语应用单数形式。 根据句中的 stands 并结合句意，这里陈述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。故填 measures。
5 ．考查定语从句。句意：在复制过程中，3D 技术人员首先收集了大约 10000 张石窟和佛像的 图像，从而建立一个数字模型，然后将其分为 842 个部分，用多台 3D 打印机打印。分析句子 结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 a digital model，指物，且在从句中作主 语，所以应用 which 引导。故填 which。
6 ．考查名词的数。句意参考上题。printer“打印机 ”为可数名词，根据空前的 multiple 可知， 这里应用名词复数。故填 printers。
7 ．考查不定式。句意：团队花了三个月的时间完成了最后的安装和着色阶段。sth. takes/took sb. some time to do 为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间 ”。逻辑主语 the team 和 complete 之间是主谓关系，所以应用不定式的一般式。故填 to complete。
8 ．考查比较级。句意：复制不仅使人们在不损坏原始文物的情况下更接近珍贵的文物，而且 有助于加强遗物本身的研究、文献记录、数字化和保护。根据空前 much，空处应用比较级， 表示“更加接近珍贵的文物 ”。close 的比较级为 closer。故填 closer。
9 ．考查介词。句意参考上题。根据空后的“damaging the original objects ”，这里是说在不损 坏原始文物的情况下更接近珍贵的文物，应用介词 without“无，不，没有 ”。故填 without。
10 ．考查代词。句意参考第 8 题。根据空前的“the relics ”，这里是说遗物本身，应用 they 的 反身代词 themselves 表示强调，意为“本身 ”。故填 themselves。
04（2020·全国 · 高三专题练习）
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
Pingyao Ancient City, 1 is located in central Shanxi province, is a famous culture town with 2, 700 years of history. As the most complete county representing the Ming and Qing dynasties, 2 whole city was named a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in December 1997. It serves 3 a helpful resource for the analysis of the development of Chinese politics, economy, culture, art and religion.
Pingyao was built up based on the cultural thoughts and architectural style of the Han nationality of China. To this day, the city walls and buildings have maintained 4 (they) 14th-18th century style. Pingyao Ancient City 5 (build) first in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Over 2,700 years, the
stone walls were kept intact (完整的) during the dynastic transition.
The shops lining South Street 6 (be) heritages of the Ming and Qing dynasties. After the 16th century, Pingyao 7 (become) a local commercial center, 8 (reach) its peak in the
mid-late 19th century.
Keeping the typical pattern of Ming and Qing 9 (dynasty), Pingyao Ancient City has four main streets ，eight side streets and 72 lanes. The 10 ( amaze )beautiful three-story houses stand in the center of city, while two - story stores gather along the streets. It is also an archetype (典 型) of an Chinese ancient city.
【答案】
1 ．which 2 ．the 3 ．as 4 ．their 5 ．was built 6 ．are 7 ．became 8 ．reaching 9 ．dynasties
10 ．amazingly
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了平遥古城。平遥位于山西省中部，有着 2700 多年历 史的文化名镇，是明清时期最完整的县城，1997 年 12 月全市被联合国教科文组织列为世界文 化遗产。它为分析中国政治、经济、文化、艺术和宗教的发展提供了有用的资源。文章对平遥 的 建筑做了简单的介绍 。
1 ．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：平遥古城位于山西省中部，是一座有 2700 多年历史的文化 名镇。分析句子可知，本句是定 语从句，其中 Pingyao Ancient City 是先行词，在非限制性定 语从句中做主语，指物时要用 which。故填 which。
2 ．考查定冠词。句意：作为明清时期最完整的县城，1997 年 12 月整个城市被联合国教科文组 织命名为世界文化遗产。本句中的整个城市，特指上文中提到的城市平遥。英语中特指上文人 或物要用定冠词 the。故填 the。
3 ．考查固定搭配。句意：它为分析中国政治、经济、文化、艺术和宗教的发展提供了有用的 资源。serve as …为固定搭配，意为“用作，充当 ”。故填 as。
4 ．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：时至今日，城墙和建筑物仍保持着 14-18 世纪的风格。空格 处是指 14 至 18 世纪的城墙及建筑物的风格，指他们的风格。故填 their 。
5 ．考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：平遥古城始建于西周。本句的时间状语为“西周 ”，要 用一般过去时，而主语平遥与动词 build 二者是被动关系，故本句要用一般过去时的被动语态。 故填 was built。
6 ．考查主谓一致。句意 ：南街商铺是明清时期的文化遗产。本句叙述的是客观事实。其主语 是 shops，复数，要用一般现在时。故填 are。
7 ．考查一般过去时。句意：16 世纪以后，平遥成为当地的商业中心。本句叙述的过去的事， 要用一般过去时。故填 became。
8 ．考查非谓语作状语。句意：16 世纪以后，平遥成为了当地的商业中心，在 19 世纪中后期达 到了顶峰。分析句子 Pingyao became become)a local commercial center, 8 (reach) its peak in the mid-late 19th century.可知，本句为单句，空格处在句中作状语，指平遥在成为当地的商业 中心的时，从而导致其在 19 世纪时达到顶峰，此时要用动词的 ing 形式。故填 reaching。
9 ．考查名词的复数。句意：平遥古城保留了明清时期的典型格局，有四条主街道、八条侧街 道和 72 条小巷。本句是指明清两个朝代，要用名词复数。故填 dynasties。
10 ．考查副词做状语。句意：美丽得令人惊叹的三层楼房矗立在城市的中心，而两层楼的商店 聚集在街道两旁。空格在句中修饰形容词 beautiful，修饰形容词一般用副词。故填 amazingly。
05（2023 春 · 重庆万州 · 高三阶段练习）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Forbidden City is also known as the Palace Museum. It lies in the city center of Beijing and 1 (be) once the Chinese imperial palace (皇宫) of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368 -1911) . Listed as a World Heritage Site in 1987, the Forbidden City is one of the largest, best-protected ancient 2 (palace) in the world.
3 (build) between 1406 and 1420, the Forbidden City was home to 24 emperors and their families and acted as the 4 (politics) center of ancient Chinese government
throughout 500 years. 5 the Last Emperor of China left the palace, it later became a museum open to the public in 1925. Since then, the Forbidden City is no longer ‘forbidden’ .
Rectangular (长方形的) in shape, the Forbidden City is 6 (terrible) large, covering an area of 72 hectares, and made up of more than 9, 000 rooms. It 7 (divide) into two parts - the Inner Court as living quarters in the north and the Outer Court 8 national affairs in the south. It is not only a great architectural masterpiece, but also a storehouse 9 (house) a unique collection of 1.8 million pieces of art. As 10 must-see in Beijing and the world’s most visited museum, it is worth spending half to one day to visit the Forbidden City and appreciate the precious cultural heritage of China.
【答案】
1 ．was 2 ．palaces 3 ．Built 4 ．political 5 ．After 6 ．terribly 7 ．is divided 8 ．for 9 ．housing 10 ．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了紫禁城的相关历史。
1 ．考查动词时态。句意：它位于北京市中心，曾是明清时期的中国皇宫。分析句子结构可知， 设空处为谓语动词。根据时间状语 the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368 --1911) “明清时期 ”可 知，谓语动词应用一般过去时；主语为 it，是三人称单数。故填 was。
2 ．考查名词复数。句意：故宫于 1987 年被列为世界遗产，是世界上最大、保护最好的古代宫 殿之一。分析句子结构可知，名词palace“宫殿 ”需要使用复数形式，因为本句包含词组one of … 意为“…中的一个 ”，该结构中 of 后名词应使用复数形式。故填 palaces。
3 ．考查过去分词。句意：紫禁城建于 1406 年至 1420 年，是 24 位皇帝及其家人的家，在整个 500 年中一直是中国古代政府的政治中心。分析句子结构可知，动词 build“建造 ”在句中作时 间状语，且与主语 the Forbidden city“紫禁城”构成被动关系，应该使用过去分词。故填
Built。
4．考查形容词。句意：紫禁城建于 1406 年至 1420 年，是 24 位皇帝及其家人的家，在整个 500 年中一直是中国古代政府的政治中心。分析句子结构可知，名词 politics“政治 ”应该使用形容 词形式 political“政治的 ”，因为空后面为名词，应使用形容词修饰。故填 political。
5 ．考查连词。句意：在中国末代皇帝离开皇宫后，它后来于 1925 年成为对公众开放的博物馆。 分析句意可知，空格处应该使用连词连接时间状语从句，表示是在最后一个皇帝离宫后，紫禁
城才对公众公开，不再是禁城。故填 After。
6 ．考查副词。句意：长方形的紫禁城非常大， 占地 72 公顷，由 9000 多个房间组成。分析句 子结构可知，形容词 terrible“可怕的 ”应使用副词 terribly 表示 ”很，非常 ”，修饰形容词 large “大的 ”。故填 terribly。
7 ．考查被动时态。句意：它分为两个部分——北部作为生活区的内廷和南部负责国家事务的 外廷。分析句子结构可知，动词 divide“分开 ”为谓语。因为本句陈述的是紫禁城的客观构成， 且主语 it 和 divide 之间是被动关系，所以使用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填 is divided。
8 ．考查介词。句意：它分为两个部分——北部作为生活区的内廷和南部负责国家事务的外廷。 分析句意可知，内廷用作生活区，外廷处理国事，使用介词 for 表示外庭是“为了”处理国事 而设置的，符合语境。故填 for。
9 ．考查现在分词。句意：它不仅是一个伟大的建筑杰作，也是一个收藏 180 万件艺术品的宝 库。分析句子结构可知，动词 house“收藏 ”需要使用现在分词形式，作定语，修饰名词 storehouse “仓库 ”，因为 storehouse 与 house 之间为主动关系，所以应使用现在分词。故填 housing。
10 ．考查冠词。句意：作为北京必去的景点和世界上参观人数最多的博物馆，花半天到一天的 时间参观故宫，欣赏中国珍贵的文化遗产是值得的。分析句子结构可知，名词 must-see“必看 的东西 ”，为可数名词单数，指代的是紫禁城是北京必去的一个景点，所以其前需使用不定冠 词表示单数概念。must 首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填 a。
06（2023·全国 · 校联考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Fujian province, over 3,000 Tulou scatter ( 散 落) in the mountains, more than any other province in China. Some of them are circular, while others are rectangular (方形的). They also vary 1 size and height.
A Tulou usually has 3 to 5 floors, covering 2 area of around 5,000 square meters. A Tulou can accommodate hundreds of people, who live and work together, 3 (share) the
public areas, as well as the public 4 (facility) such as the well and the stairs. So, a Tulou 5 (function) as a village unit. It brings unity to all the villagers, passing down the traditional culture.
The 6 (early) Tulou was built in the 13th century, when the Hakka people moved to Fujian during the war. 7 (settle) here permanently, the Hakka people built the Tulou based on the local geographical environment, for both living and defense purposes. Featuring mud walls 8 are over one meter thick, a specially-designed entrance, high windows and secret tunnels (地 道), the Tulou can defend against enemies effectively.
In 2008, the Fujian Tulou were on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. Nowadays, the Tulou are no longer defensive buildings, 9 they still reflect the ideas of harmony and cooperation while living together.
When you get a chance, why not visit Fujian Tulou and take a look at these 10 (impress) earthen buildings
【答案】
1．in 2．an 3．sharing 4．facilities 5．functions 6．earliest 7．To settle
8 ．that/which 9 ．but/yet 10 ．impressive
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被列入《世界遗产名录》的在我国福建省的土楼。 1 ．考查介词。句意：它们的大小和高度也各不相同。根据句意可知，此处说明土楼的大小和 高度都不同，vary in 为固定搭配，意为“在……方面不同 ”。故填 in。
2 ．考查冠词。句意：土楼一般有 3 到 5 层，面积约 5000 平方米。根据句意可知，此处指土楼 的面积有 5000 平方米，area 是泛指，空处需要用不定冠词。area 的发音以元音音素开头，不 定冠词用 an。故填 an。
3 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个土楼可以容纳数百人，他们一起生活和工作，共享公共区域， 以及公共设施，如井和楼梯。根据句意和句子结构可知，该句中 can accommodate 为谓语，且 前后无连词，空处应该填非谓语，所给词 share 与被修饰词 people 构成主动关系，所以需要用 现在分词形式作状语。故填 sharing。
4 ．考查名词复数。句意：一个土楼可以容纳数百人，他们一起生活和工作，共享公共区域，
以及公共设施，如井和楼梯。根据句意可知，形容词 public“公共的”修饰可数名词 facility “设施 ”，因为前面没有表示单数的数词或冠词，故使用复数形式表示泛指。故填 facilities。
5 ．考查动词时态。句意：因此，一个土楼像一个村庄单元一样运作。根据句意可知，此处作 谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语 a Tulou 为第三人称单数，故使用三 单形式，故填 functions。
. 考查形容词的最高级。句意：最早的土楼建于 13 世纪，当时客家人在战争期间迁往福建。 根据句意可知，该处指“最早的土楼 ”，需用所给词 early 的最高级形式。故填 earliest。
7 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在这里永久定居，客家人根据当地的地理环境建造了土楼， 既有居住的目的，也有防御的目的。根据句意和句子结构可知，句中 built 为谓语，空处因为 非谓语作目的状语，需用动词不定式形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填 To settle。
8 ．考查定语从句。句意：土楼有一米多厚的泥墙，特殊设计的入口，高高的窗户和秘密隧道， 可以有效地防御敌人。根据句意和句子结构可知，该空引导限制性定语从句，修饰 mud walls， 为物，且空处为从句的主语，故填 that/which。
9 ．考查连词。句意：如今，土楼已不再是防御性建筑，但仍然体现了和谐共处的理念。根据 句意可知，空处表示转折，连词 but 和 yet 都有表示转折的含义。故填 but 或 yet。
10．考查形容词。句意：当你有机会时，为什么不去福建土楼看看这些令人印象深刻的土楼呢？ 根据句意及句子结构可知，空处为形容词修饰 earthen buildings，表示“印象深刻的”为形容 词 impressive。故填 impressive。
07（2023·陕西咸阳 · 统考三模）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal of China was first dug in 486 BC, and well developed through the late 6th to early 10th century. From the late 13th until 19th century, with the highest section built and the overall length 1 (shorten), the Canal was turned into a main passage between northern 2 southern China as well as the economic lifeline of the country. Consisting of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, the Jing-Hang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal, the Canal 3 (stretch) over 2, 700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial-level administrative regions and 4 (link) five major water
systems. The Grand Canal also connects with the Eurasian Silk Road to the west and extends the water trade route to the east.
The Grand Canal was 5 notable achievement of the ancient Chinese people. Its
connection of the political and economic centers played a 6 (centre) role in the political unity, economic 7 (grow) and cultural prosperity of China, and contributed to the livelihood,
exchanges and integration of the population along its route.
The Grand Canal 8 (announce) by the State Council as one of the seventh batch of Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level in March, 2013 and registered 9 the UNSECO World Heritage List in June, 2014. This large-scale, living cultural heritage spreads like a huge dragon across the vast territory of China, 10 (it) ripples shining golden scales (鳞片) in the new age.
【答案】
1 ．shortened 2 ．and 3 ．stretches 4 ．linking 5 ．a 6 ．central 7 ．growth 8 ．was announced
9 ．on/in 10 ．its
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京杭大运河的大致情况极其对政治和经济的意义。 1 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：从 13 世纪末到 19 世纪，随着最高段的建造和总长度的缩短，运 河成为中国南北之间的主要通道和国家的经济命脉。在 with 复合结构中，空处应填非谓语动 词作宾补，shorten 和逻辑主语 length 之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填 shortened。
2 ．考查固定短语。句意同上。结合句意表达“在……和……之间”用 between...and...。故填 and。
3 ．考查时态。句意：运河由隋、唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河组成，全长 2700 多公里， 横跨八个省级行政区，连接五大水系。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时， 主语 the Canal 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填 stretches。
4 ．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处和上文 crossing 并列作状语，应用非谓语动词形式，逻 辑主语 the Canal 和 link 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填 linking。
5 ．考查冠词。句意：大运河是古代中国人民的一项显著成就。achievement 意为“成就”时是 可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且 notable 的发音是辅音音素开头，故填 a。
6 ．考查形容词。句意：其政治和经济中心的联系在中国的政治团结、经济增长和文化繁荣中 发挥了核心作用，并为沿线人口的生计、交流和融合做出了贡献。修饰名词 role 应用形容词 central“核心的”作定语。故填 central。
7 ．考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词和上文 the political unity 以及下文 cultural prosperity 并列作介词 in 的宾语，growth“增长”是抽象名词，不可数。故填 growth。
8 ．考查时态和语态。句意：大运河于 2013 年 3 月被国务院宣布为第七批国家级重点历史文化 保护遗址之一，并于 2014 年 6 月被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。空处和下文
registered 是并列的谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，且主语 The Grand Canal 和 announce 之间是 被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填 was announced。
9 ．考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表达“在……名录上”用 on/in...list。故填 on/in。
10 ．考查代词。句意：这一大规模的、鲜活的文化遗产像一条巨龙一样在中国广袤的领土上传 播，在新时代，它的涟漪闪耀着金色的鳞片。修饰名词 ripples 应用形容词性物主代词。故填 its。
08（2023 春 ·湖北咸宁 · 高三联考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the world’s longest man-made canal, the Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in the north-eastern and central-eastern plains of China, 1 runs from Beijing in the north to
Zhejiang Province in the south.
The Grand Canal ( 大运河) is one of the greatest hydraulic ( 与水利系统有关的) projects in human history, 2 (stretch) 1,794 kilometers. Constructed in sections from the 5th century AD onwards, it was built as a unified means of communication for the empire for the first time in the Sui Dynasty. By the 13th century it consisted of more than 2,000 km of artificial waterways, linking five of China’s main river 3 (basin). The canal was 4 important factor for the economy, social 5 (stable) and government functions in ancient China. It also helped the evolution of Chinese culture by enhancing communication 6 the south and the north.
It is widely acknowledged 7 the Grand Canal is precious heritage passed down to us by our ancestors and is flowable culture that should 8 (preserve). China will continue to carry out 9 (integrate) regional development strategies for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and draw up a new national policy for environmental protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. The purpose is 10 (seek) greater
cooperation of opening-up among different parts of the country.
【答案】
1 ．which 2 ．stretching 3 ．basins 4 ．an 5 ．stability 6 ．between 7 ．that 8 ．be preserved 9 ．integrated 10 ．to seek
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代的大运河及其意义和价值。
1 ．考查定语从句。句意：作为世界上最长的人工运河，大运河是中国东北部和中东部平原上 的一个庞大的水道系统，北起北京，南至浙江省。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句， 先行词为“the Grand Canal ”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which ”引导从句。 故填 which。
2 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河是人类历史上最伟大的水利工程之一，全长 1794 公里。分
析句子可知，句中有系动词“is ”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“The Grand Canal”和 “stretch”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“stretch”的现在分词“stretching ”。故填 stretching。
3 ．考查名词。句意：到 13 世纪，它由 2000 多公里的人工水道组成，连接了中国的五个主要 河流流域。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“basin ”意为“流域 ”，为可数名词，根 据句中“five”可知，应用“basin”的复数形式“basins ”。故填 basins。
4 ．考查冠词。句意：运河是中国古代经济、社会稳定和政府职能的一个重要因素。分析句子 可知，句中泛指一个重要因素，故空格处应用不定冠词，“important”音标的第一音素为元音 音素，故应用不定冠词“an ”。故填 an。
5 ．考查名词。句意：运河是中国古代经济、社会稳定和政府职能的一个重要因素。分析句子 可知，“social”为形容词，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“stable”作名词时意为“马厩 ”，不符 合语境，应用“stability ”，意为“稳定性 ”，为不可数名词。故填 stability。
6 ．考查固定短语。句意：它还通过加强南北之间的交流促进了中国文化的发展。分析句子可
知，句中涉及固定短语“between …and … ”，意为“在……和……之间 ”，故空格处应用 “between ”。故填 between。
7 ．考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化， 应该加以保护。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，“It is widely acknowledged that … ”意为“人 们普遍认为…… ”，“It”作形式主语，空格处应用“that”引导从句，作真正的主语。故填
that。
8 ．考查被动语态。句意：人们普遍认为，大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化，
应该加以保护。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，“that”代指“culture ”，与 “preserve”为被动关系，“should”为情态动词，故句子应用情态动词的被动语态，
“preserve”的过去分词为“preserved ”，空格处应填“be preserved ”。故填 be preserved。
9 ．考查形容词。句意：中国将继续实施京津冀地区、长江经济带、长三角地区和粤港澳大湾 地区一体化区域综合的发展战略，制定黄河流域环境保护和高质量发展新的国家政策。分析句 子可知，“strategies”为名词，故空格处应用形容词，作定语，“integrate”为动词，根据句意 可知，应用“integrated ”，意为“综合的 ”，形容词词性。故填 integrated。
10 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是寻求全国不同地区之间更大程度的开放合作。分析句子 可知，句中应用不定式“to seek”作表语，对抽象名词“purpose”进行解释说明。故填 to
seek 。09（2023 春 · 江西南昌 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Dunhuang used to be the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place 1 East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert. Dunhuang’s long and glorious history represents its significance as a centre of 2 (culture) and commercial exchange. And now, it is a world-class tourist destination boasting 3 (site) with UNESCO-protected heritage status. 4
(know) as the Mogao Grottoes, its more than 700 ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1,000 years. 5 you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that
include elements from Ancient Greece, India and Iran. The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories 6 scenes of everyday life. These images are full of life, reflecting the 7 (confident) and optimism of people from that time. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, 8 (hide) thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls, as well as silk
embroideries. However, the reason why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains 9 mystery. In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 10 (gradual), it faded from memory.
Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives
for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.
【答案】
1 ．where 2 ．cultural 3 ．sites 4 ．Known 5 ．If 6 ．to 7 ．confidence 8 ．were hidden 9 ．a
10 ．Gradually
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国的敦煌以及文化遗产莫高窟。
1 ．考查定语从句。句意：敦煌曾经是进出古代中国的门户，是东西方交汇的地方，是一个沙 漠中的绿洲。“ 1 East met West”为限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词 a place，在 从句中作地点状语，设空处填关系副词 where。故填 where。
2 ．考查形容词。句意：敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史代表了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要意义。 设空处在句中作定语，与 commercial 并列修饰名词 exchange，形容词 cultural“文化的 ”符合 句意。故填 cultural。
3 ．考查名词的单复数。句意：如今，它是世界一流的旅游胜地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护 的遗产。site 为可数名词，其前无冠词，句中表达复数概念，应填名词 site 的复数形式 sites。 故填 sites。
4 ．考查过去分词。句意：它的 700 多个古老的洞穴，被称为莫高窟，是在 1000 多年的时间里 在岩石上雕刻而成的。句子分析可知设空处为非谓语动词，动词 know 与其逻辑主语 its more than 700 ancient caves 之间为动宾关系，设空处应填过去分词 known 表被动；设空处置于句首， 首字母大写。故填 Known。
5 ．考查连词。句意：如果你抬头向上看，你会看到包含来自古希腊、印度和伊朗元素的绘画 和其他艺术品。句子分析可知，设空处应填连词构成主从复合句，连词 if“如果，假如”符合 句意，设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填 If。
6 ．考查介词。句意：敦煌壁画的主题从宗教故事到日常生活场景各不相同。vary from...to...为 固定搭配，意为“从……到……不同 ”，设空处填介词 to。故填 to。
7 ．考查名词。句意：这些画像充满了生命力，反映出当时人们的自信和乐观。设空处与后面 的 optimism 并列，在句中作宾语，应用名词形式，confidence“信心， 自信 ”为不可数名词， 符合句意。故填 confidence。
8 ．考查倒装句。句意：在一个密封的洞穴，即现在著名的藏经洞，隐藏了数千份手稿、绘画、 卷轴以及丝绸刺绣。地点状语 In a sealed cave 置于句首，句子完全倒装，设空处为谓语动词， 根据下文“However, the reason why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains 9 mystery. ”以及句意可知此句为一般过去时，主语为 thousands of manuscripts,
paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries，与动词 hide 之间为被动关系，由此可知，此 句为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词用复数。故填 were hidden。
9．考查冠词。句意：然而，那么多年前藏经洞被封闭的原因仍然是个谜。mystery 为可数名词， 此处指“一个谜 ”，表泛指，且 mystery 以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词 a。故填 a。
10．考查副词。句意：渐渐地，它从记忆中消失了。设空处在句中作状语，应填副词，副词 gradually “逐渐地”符合句意；设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填 Gradually。
10（2023 春 ·河南驻马店 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On the north bank of Fuxian Lake in Chengjiang County, Yunnan Province sits a
straw-hat-shaped mountain 1 (call) Maotian Mountain, 2 a 512-hectare site is
praised as a “world-class treasure trove of fossils” by the international scientific community. On July 1,1984, young paleontologists in China discovered a fossil of the arthropod ( 节肢动物化石) with a long tail in Maotian Mountain. “ 3 we had studied in China were just shell of fossils. The arthropods, lifelike fossils with legs, which belonged to fossils of soft-bodied animals, are 4 game changer in the research of China’s paleontology (古生物学)”, Hou Xianguang, a paleontologist said.
Scientists have obtained a large number of research results on Chengjiang Fossil Site. The reason why Chengjiang fauna ( 动物群) is 5 great significance is that it is closely related to the emergence of the animal tree of life.
Up to now, more than 20 phyla and more than 280 species 6 (record)in the Chengjiang Fossil Site, of which, 80% are new species. On July 1, 2012, the Chengjiang Fossil Site 7 (be) inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO, 8 (become) China’ s first World Heritage Site for paleontological fossils.
The UNESCO evaluation says the Chengjiang Fossil Site is one of the 9 (early) records of a complex marine ecosystem of the early Cambrian communities. The property displays excellent quality of fossil 10 (preserve). It presents an exceptional record of the rapid diversification of life on Earth during the early Cambrian period.
【答案】
1 ．called 2．where 3．What 4 ．a 5 ．of 6 ．have been recorded 7．was
8 ．becoming 9 ．earliest 10 ．preservation
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了云南省的澄江化石遗址。
1 ．考查过去分词。句意：在云南省澄江县抚仙湖北岸，坐落着一座草帽状的山，名为“帽天 山 ”，这里占地 512 公顷，被国际科学界誉为“世界级的化石宝库 ”。非谓语动词 call 和逻辑主 语 mountain 之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填 called。
2．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Maotian Mountain，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导，故填 where。
3 ．考查主语从句。句意：我们在中国研究的只是化石的外壳。分析句子可知，空处引导主语 从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词 what 引导，首字母应大写，故填 What。 4 ．考查不定冠词。句意：“节肢动物是一种有腿的栩栩如生的化石，属于软体动物化石，是中 国古生物学研究的一个游戏规则改变者。”古生物学家 Hou Xianguang 说。changer 是可数名 词且以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词 a ，故填 a。
5 ．考查介词。句意：澄江动物群之所以意义重大，是因为它与动物生命之树的出现密切相关。 be of great significance 是固定短语，意为“意义重大 ”，相当于 be very significant，故填 of。
6 ．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：截至目前，澄江化石遗址已记录到 20 余门 280 余种， 其中 80%为新种。根据时间状语“Up to now ”可知句子用现在完成时，主语 species 和谓语动 词 record 之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，助动词用 have， 故填 have been recorded。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：2012 年 7 月 1 日，澄江化石遗址被联合国教科文组织列入《世 界遗产名录》，成为中国首个古生物化石世界遗产。根据时间状语“On July 1, 2012 ”可知，句 子用一般过去时，主语 the Chengjiang Fossil Site 表示单数意义，be 动词应用 was ，故填 was。 8 ．考查现在分词。句意同上。非谓语动词 become 和逻辑主语 the Chengjiang Fossil Site 之间 是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填 becoming。
9 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：联合国教科文组织的评估称，澄江化石遗址是寒武纪早期复杂 海洋生态系统的最早记录之一。结合句意及空前的 the 可知，此处是“one of+形容词最高级+ 名词复数”的用法，意为“最……的……之一 ”，故填 earliest。
10 ．考查名词。句意：该财产具有优良的化石保存品质。空处应填名词作介词 of 的宾语， preservation 保存，不可数名词，故填 preservation。
11（2023 春 ·河北石家庄 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Originally constructed around 256 BCE 1 the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still in use today. During the Warring States period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem 2 (thorough). He 3 (lead) a team to construct a levee to redirect a portion of the river’s
flow. Then they cut 4 channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water. After the system 5 (finish) no more floods occurred. What’s more, it made Sichuan one of the 6 (product) agricultural regions in China 7 the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation. If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an unusual construction 8 resembles a fish’s mouth. This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, was scientifically designed to control the water flow throughout the year. 9 (recognise) as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan 10 (irrigate) farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years.
【答案】
1 ．by 2 ．thoroughly 3 ．led 4 ．a 5 ．was finished 6 ．most productive
7 ．because 8 ．that/which 9 ．Recognised 10 ．has irrigated
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是都江堰建造的历史及其作用。
1 ．考查介词。句意：都江堰最初是秦国在公元前 256 年左右建造的灌溉和防洪系统。分析句 子结构，被秦国修建，设空处应该是用介词。construct 与 Dujiangyan 之间是被动关系，故过 去分词后用 by，表示被动，constructed 是过去分词作状语。故填 by。
2 ．考查副词。句意：秦国巡抚、水利工程师李冰深入调查了这一问题。分析句子结构可知，
此处应为副词作状语修饰谓语动词 investigated ，thorough 的副词为 thoroughly 意为“深入地， 彻底地”符合句意。故填 thoroughly。
3 ．考查动词时态。句意：他带领一个团队建造了一个堤坝，以改变部分河流的流向。分析句 子结构可知，此处应为 lead sb. to do sth. (带领某人做某事)，描述过去的事情用一般过去时。
故填 led。
4．考查冠词。句意：然后他们在玉雷山开凿一条通道，排出多余的水。分析句子结构可知，channel 为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以应使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一条通道 ”， 表泛指，所以使用不定冠词，且 channel 发音是以辅音音素开头，应用 a。故填 a。
5 ．考查时态和语态。句意：系统建成后，再也没有洪水发生。分析句子结构可知，此处应为 从句谓语动词，根据主句的谓语动词 occurred 可知，此处应使用一般过去时，从句谓语动词
finish 与从句主语 the system 之间为被动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数。故填 was finished。
6 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：而且，它使四川成为中国最高产的农业区之一，因为从岷江引 水可以用于灌溉。分析句子结构可知，根据“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”可知，此处应 为形容词最高级。故填 most productive。
7 ．考查状语从句。句意：而且，它使四川成为中国最高产的农业区之一，因为从岷江引水可 以用于灌溉。分析句子结构可知，前后是因果关系，因为可以引水灌溉所以四川成为中国最高 产的农业区之一，所以用 because 引导原因状语从句。故填 because。
8 ．考查定语从句。句意：如果你参观都江堰，你会看到一个不同寻常的建筑，像一个鱼嘴。 分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，construction 是先行词，关系词在定语从句中 作主语，指物用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。故填 that 或 which。
9 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产，都江堰灌溉农场，同时防 止洪水超过 2000 年。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，非谓语动词 recognise 与逻辑主语 Dujiangyan 之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式，且位于句首时，首字母需 大写。故填 Recognised。
10 ．考查动词时态。句意：被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产，都江堰灌溉农场，同时防止 洪水超过 2000 年。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，for over 2,000 years 提示句子表述动作 发生在过去持续到现在或对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词应用 has。故 填 has irrigated。
12（2023 春 ·广东中山 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shortly after dawn, the 680-year-old Lion Grove Garden(狮子林) wakes up to the sound of birds. First 1 (construct) by a group of monks, this amazing garden 2 (attract) a constant stream of celebrity guests since the the Yuan Dynasty.
3 (cover) an area of about 2.7 acres, Lion Grove Garden is 4 ideal sightseeing site as it has richly ornamental pavilions and towers in different styles. As a must-visit attraction for travelers to Suzhou, the Lion Grove Garden was added 5 the World Heritage List in 00. “Visiting a garden is like unrolling a traditional Chinese landscape painting. Though being artificial, they seemed like 6 (nature) wonders,” says He Fengchun, director of the Suzhou Institute of Landscape Architecture Design.
Zhenqu Ting (True Delight Pavilion) is certainly the most magnificent one of all the buildings in the garden due to 7 (it) royal design with an inscription authored by Emperor Qianlong 8 visited the garden several times.
Lion Grove Garden also 9 (house) many rare and precious plaques, steles, and paintings. More than 60 rare rubbings of inscriptions of the works of famous calligraphers from the Song Dynasty (960-1279) such as Sushi, Huang Tingjian and Mifu can 10 (find) on the walls of the passageways of Lion Grove Garden.
【答案】
1 ．constructed 2 ．has attracted 3 ．Covering 4 ．an 5 ．to 6 ．natural
7 ．its 8 ．who/that 9 ．houses 10 ．be found
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要苏州园林狮子林的情况。
1 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座令人惊叹的花园最初是由一群僧侣建造的， 自元代以来就吸
引了源源不断的名人客人。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语 this amazing garden 和动词 construct 是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填 constructed。
2 ．考查时态。句意：这座令人惊叹的花园最初是由一群僧侣建造的， 自元代以来就吸引了源 源不断的名人客人。此处是句子谓语， 由 since the the Yuan Dynasty 可知，应用现在完成时， 主语是单数，助动词应用 has，故填 has attracted。
3 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：狮子林占地约 2.7 英亩，有各式各样装饰华丽的亭台楼阁，是理想 的观光地点。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语 Lion Grove Garden 和动词 cover 是主动关系， 应用现在分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Covering。
4 ．考查冠词。句意：狮子林占地约 2.7 英亩，有各式各样装饰华丽的亭台楼阁，是理想的观光 地点。此处泛指一个理想的观光地点，应用不定冠词来修饰，且 ideal 发音是以元音因素开头， 应用 an ，故填 an。
5 ．考查介词。句意：狮子林于 00 年被列入世界遗产名录，是苏州旅游者必游的景点。add to 固定搭配，意为“加入 ”，此处是被动语态，be added to 意为“被加入 ”，故填 to。
6 ．考查形容词。句意：“尽管是人造的，但它们看起来像是自然奇观。”苏州景观设计学院院 长何凤春说。此处应用形容词 natural 作定语，修饰名词 wooders，故填 natural。
7 ．考查代词。句意：真趣亭是园内最宏伟的建筑之一，因为它的皇家设计上有多次造访过这 座园林的隆皇帝题词。此处应用形容词性物主代词 its 作定语，修饰 royal design，故填 its。
8 ．考查定语从句。句意：真趣亭是园内最宏伟的建筑之一，因为它的皇家设计上有多次造访 过这座园林的隆皇帝题词。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Emperor Qianlong，指人， 且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词 who/that 引导定语从句，故填 who/that。
9 ．考查时态。句意：狮子林也收藏了许多稀有珍贵的牌匾、石碑和油画。house 此处是动词， 表示“收藏存放 ”，作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词 应用三单形式，故填 houses。
10 ．考查语态。句意：在狮子林的墙壁上，可以看到六十多幅宋代（960-1279 年）著名书法家 如苏轼、黄庭坚、 米芾等的碑文。can 是句子的谓语，主语 More than 60 rare rubbings of inscriptions 和动词 find 是被动关系，应用 be found 和 can 构成含有情态动词的被动语态， 故填 be found。
13（2023 春 ·广东珠海 · 高三统考期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Featuring sparkling lakes, spectacular waterfalls, and colorful leaves, Jiuzhaigou National Park in Sichuan Province is a picturesque fairyland. The park’s name, 1 means “Nine Village Valley,” originated from the nine Tibetan 2 (village) there. It is located in Jiuzhaigou County of the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province. It 3 (list) as a UNESCO world heritage site in 1992. The park is also home 4 3,634 species of plants and animals, including giant pandas and golden snub-nosed monkeys, 5 (win) the good reputation of an “earthly paradise”. The national park covers 6 area of 720 square kilometers and ranges from 1,996 to 4,764 meters above sea level.
In 2017, a massive 7.0-magnitude earthquake 7 (strike) Jiuzhaigou, and the scenic area was closed due to damage. After continuous reconstruction and natural 8 (recover), the park reopened to visitors in 20. After the pandemic, the tourist destination has 9 (full) regained its former charm. Tourism facilities have also been improved 10 (provide) better services to tourists.
【答案】
1 ．which 2 ．villages 3 ．was listed 4 ．to 5 ．winning 6 ．an 7 ．struck
8 ．recovery 9 ．fully 10 ．to provide
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了四川省九寨沟国家公园的情况。
1 ．考查定语从句。句意：公园的名字，意思是“九寨沟 ”，起源于那里的九个藏族村寨。此处 考查非限制性定语从句，先行词 The park ’s name 为物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导从句。故填：which。
2．考查名词复数。句意：公园的名字，意思是“九寨沟 ”，起源于那里的九个藏族村寨。village “村庄”是可数名词，nine 修饰名词复数。故填：villages。
3．考查时态、语态。句意：1992 年，它被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。根据时间状语 in 1992 可知，句子用一般过去时，动词 list 与逻辑主语 It 之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，助动词用 was。故填：was listed。
4 ．考查介词。句意：该公园还拥有 3634 种动植物，包括大熊猫和金丝猴，赢得了“人间天堂 ” 的美誉。此处考查短语 be home to，意为“是……的所在地 ”，表示某个地方是某种事物、活
动或生物的主要栖息地或发源地。设空处应用介词 to。故填：to。
5 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园还拥有 3634 种动植物，包括大熊猫和金丝猴，赢得了“人 间天堂”的美誉。此处考查现在分词，作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。故填：winning。
6 ．考查冠词。句意：国家公园占地 720 平方公里，海拔从 1996 米到 4764 米不等。此处考查 动词短语 cover an area of... ，意为“占地…… ”，area 为元音音素开头，应用不定冠词 an。故 填：an。
7．考查时态。句意：2017 年，九寨沟发生 7.0 级大地震，景区因受损而关闭。根据时间状语 In 2017 可知，本句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，动词 strike 与逻辑主语 earthquake 之间 为主动关系，应用主动语态。故填：struck。
8．考查名词。句意：经过不断的重建和自然恢复，该公园于 20 年重新向游客开放。形容词 natural
修饰名词，设空处应用 recovery，意为“恢复，复原 ”，作 After 的宾语。故填：recovery。
9 ．考查副词。句意：疫情过后，这个旅游胜地完全恢复了昔日的魅力。修饰动词短语 regained its former charm，应用副词 fully，意为“完全地，彻底地 ”，作状语。故填：fully。
10 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：改善旅游设施，为游客提供更好的服务。此处考查动词不定式， 作目的状语。故填：to provide。
14（2023 春 ·河南 · 高三联考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall
As a symbol of ancient Chinese civilization, the Great Wall is one of the world’s oldest and most magnificent ( 壮 丽 的 ) man-made scenes, 1 has a long history. Given its out-standing
architectural achievement and remarkable historical influence, the Great Wall 2 (list) as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in 1987, the first of 3 (it) kind in China.
The Great Wall was 4 (original) built over 2,000 years ago during the West Zhou Dynasty, and served 5 a functional military defence. It had been playing a crucial role in wars in ancient Chinese history. Therefore, it was continually to be extended in the next 2,000 years, till the end of Ming Dynasty. As a result, the Great Wall was expanded to many places in China and formed a beautiful shape.
Because its 6 (long) is 21,196. 18 km, it is widely named “Wanli Changcheng”. There are Northern Great Wall and Southern Great Wall, according to the locations.
The Great Wall is a place steeped in history and has much 7 (offer) you. For those who are fascinated ( 入迷 的) by it and 8 (greed) for the knowledge of it, you will find massive information about it, the historical development, the background stories and its facts and figures. Whether you are a history-loving traveler 9 a lover of natural landscape, you will never get tired of the Great Wall, one of the seven 10 (wonder) in the world.
【答案】
1．which 2．was listed 3．its 4．originally 5．as 6．length 7．to offer 8．greedy 9．or 10．wonders 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国的长城。
1 ．考查定语从句。句意：作为中国古代文明的象征，长城是世界上最古老、最壮丽的人造景 观之一，有着悠久的历史。分析句子结构和意思可知， 1 has a long history 是非限制 性定语从句，先行词是 the Great Wall，指物，在从句中作主语，用 which 引导。故填 which。 2 ．考查谓语动词。句意：鉴于其卓越的建筑成就和显著的历史影响，长城于 1987 年被列为联 合国教科文组织世界文化遗产，是中国第一个被列为世界文化遗产的长城。分析句子结构和意 思可知，句中有时间状语 in1987，此处应该用一般过去时，the Great Wall 和动词 list 构成了 逻辑上的动宾关系，所以本空要用一般过去时的被动语态，be 动词用 was。故填 was listed。
3 ．考查代词。句意：见第 2 题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用形容词性物主代 词，修饰后面的名词 kind ，the first of its kind in China 意为“中国的第一个此类项目 ”。故填 its。
. 考查副词。句意：长城始建于 2000 多年前的西周时期，是一座功能强大的军事防御工事。
分析句子结构和意思可知，本空要用副词 originally 来修饰谓语动词was built。故填 originally。
5 ．考查动词短语。句意：见第题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语 serve as ，意为“用作，充当 ”。故填 as。
6 ．考查名词。句意：因为它的长度是 21196.18 公里，因此，它被广泛命名为“万里长城 ”。分 析句子结构和意思可知，本空应该填 long 的名词形式，作主语。故填 length。
7 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：长城是一个历史悠久的地方，有很多东西可以提供给你。分析句 子结构和意思可知，have sth. to do 是常见用法，意为“为某事要被做 ”，这里动词不定式用主 动形式表达变动的意思。故填 to offer。
8 ．考查形容词。句意：对于那些对它着迷并渴望了解它的人来说，你会发现关于它、历史发 展、背景故事以及它的事实和数字的大量信息。分析句子结构和意思可知，本空需要填形容词 greedy，和前面的 are 构成系表结构。故填 greedy。
9 ．考查连词。句意：无论你是热爱历史的旅行者还是自然景观的爱好者，你都不会厌倦世界
七大奇迹之一的长城。分析句子结构和意思可知，whether …or …是常见结构，意为“不 管……还是…… ”。故填 or。
10 ．考查名词的数。句意：见第 9 题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，one of the+复数名词是 常见用法，意为“……之一 ”。故填 wonders。
15（2023·河南 · 统考一模）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
After Emperor Kangxi decided to build 1 summer resort here in 1703, Chengde became the second political center of the Qing Dynasty, and it was also the place where the emperors received foreign guests, avoided summer heat and hunted.
2 (construct) throughout the 18th century, the Mountain Resort was used by some emperors of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign( 统 治 )of Emperor Yongzheng, the city Rehe was called Chengde for the first time, and it reached its 3 (high) in the reign of Emperor Qianlong.
The Moutain Resort and Eight Outer Temples 4 (list) among the World Cultural Heritage sites in 1994, and they have contributed towards the city being one of the famous cities in the world.
A little further up north of Chengde lies another jewel of the city-the natural hot springs. It’s no wonder that in Qing Dynasty Chengde was called Rehe, which literally translates 5 “hot river” . The hot springs 6 (contain) about 43 kinds of minerals are 7 (benefit) to the human
body.
In the southwest of Chengde, there is a wonderland, 8 (specific) for artists and space lovers. It’s also home to one of the world’s biggest telescopes known as LAMOST, through 9 you can observe more than 4000 stars at one time.
Whether you have a creative spirit, a scientific mind 10 are simply looking for a soul-cleansing getaway, Chengde is a perfect place for you.
【答案】
1．a 2．Constructed 3．height 4．were listed 5．as 6．containing 7．beneficial 8．specifically
9 ．which 10 ．or
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了承德避暑山庄。
1 ．考查冠词。句意：1703 年康熙皇帝决定在此兴建避暑山庄后，承德成为清朝第二大政治中 心，也是历代皇帝接待外宾、避暑、狩猎的地方。resort 是可数名词，根据句意，此处泛指“一 处度假胜地 ”，且 summer 发音以辅音音素开头，故填 a。
2 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：建于 18 世纪，避暑山庄曾被清朝的一些皇帝使用过。分析句子可 知，construct 作状语，与逻辑主语 the Mountain Resort 是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故 填 Constructed。
3 ．考查名词。句意：雍正年间，热河第一次被称为承德，乾隆年间达到鼎盛。形容词性物主 代词修饰名词作宾语，height“顶点 ”，故填 height。
4 ．考查动词时态语态。句意：1994 年，黄山度假区和八大外庙被列入世界文化遗产，为这座 城市成为世界著名城市做出了贡献。分析句子可知，list 是谓语动词，与主语 The Moutain Resort and Eight Outer Temples 是被动关系，主语是复数，由 in 1994 可知，用一般过去时，故填 were listed。
. 考查介词。句意：难怪在清朝，承德被称为热河，直译过来就是“热河 ”。根据句意，as“作 为”符合句意，故填 as。
6 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：温泉中含有约 43 种矿物质，对人体有益。分析句子可知，contain 修饰 hot springs，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，故填 containing。
7 ．考查形容词。句意同上。作表语用形容词，故填 beneficial。
8 ．考查副词。句意：在承德的西南部，有一个专门为艺术家和太空爱好者准备的仙境。修饰 介词短语用副词作状语，故填 specifically。
9 ．考查定语从句。句意：它也是世界上最大的望远镜之一 LAMOST 的所在地，通过它你可以 一次观测到 4000 多颗恒星。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰 one，指代 telescope，从 句中作介词 through 的宾语，指物，用关系 which。故填 which。
10 ．考查连词。句意：无论你是有创造性的精神，科学的头脑，还是只是寻找一个净化灵魂的 度假胜地，承德都是一个完美的地方。whether …or …“无论……还是……”是固定短语，引 导让步状语从句，根据句意，故填 or。

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