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7B U2 Neighbours!
【Reading】重点单词
1.helpful adj.愿意帮忙的；有用的 →(反义词)helpless◆ adj. 无助的,无用的,没有帮助的 →help [U] n./vt.&vi. 帮助
◆be helpful to/for. .. = be of help to/for. .. 对......有帮助 ◆be helpful in doing sth. 对做某事有帮助
★It is helpful to do sth. 做某事是有帮助的
2.volunteer n.志愿者，义务工作者 vt.&vi. 志愿做，义务做 ◆volunteer for 自愿参加；主动提出承担
3.community n.社区 →(复数)communities
◆meet at the community centre 在社区中心集中 ◆a community centre 社区中心
4.skill◆ n.技能，技巧 →(复数)skills ◆share their different skills 分享他们各自的一技之长
◆reading skills 阅读技能 ◆writing skills 写作技能 ◆study skills 学习技能
5.problem◆ n.问题，难题 ◆help with your problems 帮你解决问题 ◆all kinds of problems 各种各样的问题
◆solve one’s problems 解决某人的问题 ◆no problem 没问题 ◆have problems with sth. 某事遇到问题
◆have problems /trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难
6.something pron.某事，某物 ◆something wrong 某物坏了 ◆there is something wrong
7.engineer◆ n.工程师；技师 ◆ask a computer engineer to check it 请一名电脑工程师检查一下它 ◆an engineer 一位工程师
8.check vt.检查；核实 ◆check one’s computer 检查电脑 ◆check one’s answer/e-mail 检查答案/邮箱
n.检查；支票 ◆have a check 检查一下
9.broken adj.损坏了的；破碎的 →break vi. 损坏;打破，打碎 →(Ved)broke◆ →(过去分词)broken
◆be broken 坏了 ◆break down (车辆或机器)出故障,坏掉[8A U8 ] ◆break out 爆发[9A U4 ] ◆break into 强行闯入[9A U8 ]
n. 中断；休息 take/have a break = take/have breaks 休息一下 = take/have a rest
10.someone pron.某人
11.fix vt.修理 →(第三人称单数形式)fixes →adj. fixed 固定的
12.anyone pron.任何人
13.college◆ n.学院 ◆college student 大学生 ◆junior college (美)两年制专科学校 ◆go to college 上大学
14.lucky adj.幸运的 →(反义词) unlucky adj. 不幸的；不吉利的 →luck [U] n.好运，幸运[7A U4 ]
→adv. luckily 幸运地；幸好；幸运的是 →(反义词) unluckily◆ adv. 不幸地；不吉利地
◆be lucky to do sth. 很幸运做某事 ◆good luck 好运 ◆ bring sb. good luck 为某人带来好运 ◆a lucky dog 一个幸运儿
【Reading】重点短语
1.be kind and helpful 既友善又乐于助人
2.some of them 他们中的一些人
3.meet at the community centre 在社区中心集中
4.share their different skills 分享他们各自的一技之长
5.help us with all kinds of problems 帮助我们处理各种问题
6.help sb. with sth. 帮助某人解决某种困难
7.all kinds of problems 各种各样的问题
8.all kinds of 各种各样的
9.have a“helping hands”meeting 举行一个“援助之手”的会议
10.at/on the weekend =at/on weekends 在周末
11.have a meeting = have meetings 开会
12.there is something wrong with sth. 某物出了一些毛病/某物有问题
13.something wrong 某物坏了
14.ask a computer engineer to check it 请一名电脑工程师检查一下它
15.ask sb. to do … 请求/ 要求某人做某事
16.a computer engineer 一位电脑工程师
17.be broken 坏了
18.ask someone to fix it 叫某人来修理它
19.find someone to help you with your homework 找到人帮助你做作业
20.find sb. to do sth. 找到某人作某事
21.some college students 一些大学生
22.be ready to help 乐于帮助
23.be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
24.really nice 十分好
25.help the old people 帮助老人
26.visit the old people 拜访老年人
27.do some shopping 买东西
28.help the old people clean their flats 帮助老人打扫公寓
29.be lucky to do sth. 很幸运做某事
30.check the computer 检查电脑
31.fix their bicycle 修理他的自行车
32.things like broken bicycles 像坏自行车一样的东西
33.get help with sth. 在某方面得到帮助
34.among the volunteers 在志愿者中
35.be like a big family 像一个大家庭
36.be like 像
【Reading】重点句型
1.What are your neighbours like 你的邻居们怎么样
2.They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种问题。
3.They often meet at the community centre and share their different skills.他们经常在社区中心集中，并和大家分享各自的一技之长。
4.There's something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出问题了。
5.I'm going to ask a computer engineer to check it. 我准备/打算请一个电脑工程师来检查一下它。
6. Can you find anyone to help you with your homework 你能找到人帮你做家庭作业吗
7.Some college students are ready to help. 一些大学生乐意帮助。
8.Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them. 他们中的一些人经常会去探望老人并为他们采购些物品。
9.You're lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that,Simon. 西蒙，生活在一个像那样的街区你真幸运。
10.My cousin Annie's bicycle is broken,so she's going to ask someone to fix it. 我表妹安妮的自行车坏了，因此她打算请人修理一下它。
11.People here are like a big family. 这儿的人们像一个大家庭。
Reading：Two cities in China
Amy：Hi,Simon.What are your neighbours like
Simon：They're kind and helpful.Some of them are volunteers.They often meet at the community centre and share their different skills.They help us with all kinds of problems.
Amy：When do they meet
Simon：Usually they have a“helping hands”meeting at the weekend.
Amy：Are they going to have a meeting this weekend
Simon：Yes.There's something wrong with my computer.I'm going to ask a computer engineer to check it.My cousin Annie's bicycle is broken,so she's going to ask someone to fix it.
Amy：Can you find anyone to help you with your homework '
Simon：Yes.Some college students are ready to help.
Amy：That's really nice.Do the volunteers help the old people too
Simon： Yes. Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them.This weekend, they'll help the old people clean their flats.
Amy： That’s great! You’re lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that, Simon.
A：嗨，西蒙。你的邻居们怎么样
S：他们善良并且乐于助人。他们当中一些人是志愿者。他们经常在社区中心见面，并和大家分享各自的一技之长。他们帮助我们解决各种问题。
A：他们什么时候见面
S：通常在周末他们有一个“援助之手”的见面会。
A：这周末他们打算开见面会吗
S：是的。我的电脑出问题了。我打算找一位计算机工程师检查一下它。我的堂姐安妮的自行车坏了，因此她打算找人修理它。
A：你能找到某个人在家庭作业方面帮助你吗
S：是的。一些大学生乐意帮忙。
A：那真是太好了。志愿者也帮助老人吗
S：是的。他们当中一些人经常去拜访老人，并为他们采购一些物品。这个周末，他们将帮助老人打扫公寓。
A：好极了!西蒙，你真幸运住在那样一个街区。
Reading Key points
01.helpful & help
[教材原句] They're kind and helpful. 他们善良并且乐于助人。
They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。
[考点精析] helpful adj.愿意帮忙的;有用的 →(反义词)helpless◆ adj. 无助的;无用的,没有帮助的 →help [U] n./vt.&vi. 帮助
helpful adj.愿意帮忙的；有用的 ,在句中作表语或定语。
类似的单词：useful有用的 →(反义词)useless无用的； careful细心的→(反义词)careless粗心的。
◆be helpful to/for. .. = be of help to/for. .. 对......有帮助 ◆be helpful in doing sth. 对做某事有帮助
★It is helpful to do sth. 做某事是有帮助的 ◆give a helping hand 伸出援助之手
◆ask for help 寻求帮助 ◆ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人求助 ◆with the help of sb. = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
◆without the help of sb. = without one’s help 没有某人的帮助
◆help sb. with sth. 帮助某人解决某种困难 ◆help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
◆can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事/禁不住做某事/忍不住做某事
◆can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事
◆help sb. (to) do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
◆help oneself to... 随便吃/喝...；自用(食物)等
◆help sb. out 指帮助某人克服困难、解决问题、渡过难关、完成工作等。
[教材短语]
◆help us with all kinds of problems 帮助我们处理各种问题
◆help sb. with sth. 帮助某人解决某种困难
◆have a“helping hands”meeting 举行一个“援助之手”的会议
◆find someone to help you with your homework 找到人帮助你做作业
◆be ready to help 乐于帮助
◆help the old people 帮助老人
◆help the old people clean their flats 帮助老人打扫公寓
◆get help with sth. 在某方面得到帮助
◆kind and helpful 善良并且乐于助人
02.problem
[教材原句] They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。
[考点精析] problem n.问题，难题 →(复数)problems
◆have problems with sth. 某事遇到问题
◆have problems/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难
★No problem. 没问题。
[常考辨析] problem与question
易混词汇 含义及用法 常见搭配
question 与“询问”相联系，所指的“问题”是有待“回答”的。 ◆ask sb. a question ◆answer the question
problem 与“困难”相联系，所指的“问题”是有待“解决”的。 ◆have any problems 有困难
03. something
[教材原句] There's something wrong with my computer. 我的电脑出故障了。
[考点精析—1 ] something作不定代词，意为“某事，某物”,多用于肯定句，但也可用在表示邀请或征求意见并希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中。其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，后面常有形容词或动词不定式作后置定语。
▲something + adj.
◆something important 一些重要的事情 ◆have something to eat 一些吃的东西
[联想拓展—1 ] anything 任何事 ,用于疑问句或否定句；nothing 没有什么 ,用于否定句。
[考点精析—2 ] ★There's something wrong with sth. = Something is wrong with sth. = Sth. is not working well.
=Sth. doesn't work.=Sth. is broken.某物坏了/失灵了。
[联想拓展—2] ★There is nothing wrong with sth.=There isn't anything wrong with sth.=Nothing is wrong with sth. 某物没有坏。
[联想拓展—3] 英语中常见的不定代词：
▲①指代人：◆everyone/everybody 每个人 ◆someone /somebody 某个人 ◆anybody/anyone 某个人，任何人 ◆nobody 没人
▲②指代物：◆everything 每件事 ◆something 某事 ◆anything 任何事 ◆nothing 没有东西
04.broken
[教材原句] My cousin Annie's bicycle is broken,so she's going to ask someone to fix it.
我表妹安妮的自行车坏了，所以她打算找人修一修。
[考点精析—1 ] broken adj. 损坏了的；破碎的,在句中作表语或定语。
break vi. 损坏；打破，打碎 →(Ved)broke◆ →(过去分词)broken ◆be broken 坏了
◆break down (车辆或机器)出故障，坏掉 [8A U8 ] ◆break out 爆发 [9A U4 ] ◆break into 强行闯入 [9A U8 ]
→n. 中断；休息 ◆take/have a break = take/have breaks 休息一下 = take/have a rest
[考点精析—2 ] someone = somebody ，作不定代词， 某人 ,作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
[联想拓展] anyone = anybody, 任何人 ,用于疑问句或否定句；
nobody = no one, 没有人 ,用于否定句；
everybody = everyone, 每个人，人人 。
05.anyone
[教材原句] Can you find anyone to help you with your homework 你能找到人帮你做家庭作业吗
[考点精析 ] anyone = anybody 作不定代词， 任何人,用于疑问句或否定句。anyone也可用于肯定句，任何人，表示强调。
[常考辨析] anyone 与 any one
易混词汇 含义及用法
anyone 用作代词，只能指人，意为“任何人”,不能与of短语连用。
any one 既可指人，也可指物，意为“任何一个人或任何一个物”,可以和of短语连用，表示“……之中的任何一个”。
06. find sb. to do sth.
[教材原句] Can you find anyone to help you with your homework 你能找到人帮你做家庭作业吗
[考点精析] find sb. to do sth. 找到某人做某事
[联想拓展] ▲①find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事
▲②find sb. do sth. 发现某人做某事的全过程
▲③find+sb./sth.+形容词 发现某人/某物怎么样
07. be ready to do sth.
[教材原句] Some college students are ready to help. 一些大学生很乐于助人。
[考点精析] be ready to do sth. 乐意做某事；准备做某事”。
◆be ready to do sth. = be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事
[联想拓展] ▲①be ready for… 为……做好准备 ,强调状态。
▲②get ready for 为……做准备 ,强调动作。
▲③get sth. ready for sb. 为某人准备好某物
08.do some shopping
[教材原句] Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them.
他们当中一些人经常去拜访老人，并为他们采购一些物品。
[考点精析] do some shopping = do the shopping = go shopping 买东西，购物
类似的短语：◆do some/the reading 读书 ◆do some/the cleaning 打扫卫生 ◆do some/the cooking 烹饪
◆do some/the washing 洗衣服 ◆do some/the walking 散步
09.lucky
[教材原句] You're lucky to live in a neighbourhood like that,Simon. 西蒙，生活在一个像那样的街区你真幸运。
[考点精析] lucky adj.幸运的
lucky adj.幸运的 ,在句中作表语或定语
◆be lucky to do sth. 很幸运做某事 ◆a lucky dog 一个幸运儿
[复习回顾—luck—7A U4] luck [U] n.好运,幸运,运气 →adj. lucky 幸运的 →(反义词) unlucky adj. 不幸的；不吉利的
→adv. luckily 幸运地；幸好；幸运的是 →(反义词) unluckily◆ adv. 不幸地；不吉利地
◆good luck 好运 ◆ bring sb. good luck 为某人带来好运

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