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乌鲁木齐市97中学 2023-2024学年 高二上学期期末考试
英语试题
总分120分 考试时间120分钟
第一部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
（一）阅读理解（共37.5分）
Ann Arbor Travel Guide
When you think of Ann Arbor, you likely think of the University of Michigan. In some ways, the two are the same. But Ann Arbor has an identity of its own. That is the unique festivals like Apple Daze in the fall and FestiFools in the spring. And the town is known as the “City of Trees”: visitors can paddle (划船) and hike their way down the lush (茂密的) Huron River Water Trail or appreciate flowers at a local garden in early summer.
Best months to visit
The best time to visit Ann Arbor is between May and September, when temperatures rest comfortably and lots of activities are held there. For example, June is a perfect time to go outside and experience Ann Arbor’s outdoor spaces, like the Huron River and Mathai Botanical Gardens. If a fall or winter trip amuses you, you will still find plenty to do. College football season runs from September to November, so that’s a great time to visit if you’d like to catch a game at Michigan Stadium. In the colder months, you can spend time in Ann Arbor’s many indoor museums or enjoying special holiday events, like Kindle Fest.
Tips for saving money
Eat where the locals do. Many hole-in-the-wall restaurants are frequented by college students and therefore keep their prices reasonable to attract the public.
Walk, walk, and walk. Downtown Ann Arbor is a very walkable area. In fact, driving and parking a car is often annoying. By getting around on your feet, you will not only get a better feel for the town, but save money that would have otherwise been spent on a rental car or taxi rides.
1．What is the special feature of Ann Arbor
A．Its good location. B．Its special festivals.
C．Its famous restaurants. D．Its educational environment.
2．What may be the best time to visit Ann Arbor if you are a football fan
A．Early spring. B．Late winter. C．September. D．June.
3．What’s the author’s advice on saving money when visiting Ann Arbor
A．Asking for discounts while buying tickets.
B．Having meals in the college dining hall.
C．Renting a car to visit the city.
D．Traveling around on foot.
LONE TREE, colorado-patanjali Rao, a 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist, who has used artificial intelligence （AI） and created apps to deal with social problems, has been named Time magazine's first-ever "Kid of the Year".
Time says Rao stood out for creating a world-wide community of young inventors and inspiring them to go after their goals. Rao insists that starting out small doesn't matter, as long as you have a passion （热爱）for it.
Rao's sense of invention started early. At age 12, she developed a portable device to discover lead in water. She has also created an app called Kindly that uses artificial intelligence to help prevent cyberbullying （网络欺凌）. It allows teens to type in a word or phrase to find out if the words they are using are bullying and lets them decide what they are sending.
She said that "Work is going to be in our generation's hands pretty soon. So if no one else is going to do it, I'm going to do it.”
Rao has partnered with schools, museums, and science, technology, engineering and math organizations, and other societies to work for thousands of other students.
In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insists that devotion to science is an act of kindness and the best way that a younger generation can better the world. “We have science in everything we're involved in, and I think the biggest thing to put out there is that science is cool, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator," Rao says.
"Anybody can do science.”
4．What do we know about Rao
A．She has created apps to deal with mental problems.
B．She has set a good example for the younger generation.
C．She has been named Time magazine's "Youth of the Year”.
D．She thinks that only the younger generation can better the world.
5．What can we learn from the passage
A．Time waits for no man.
B．Ups and downs make one strong.
C．Passion and devotion help to promote excellence.
D．Good habits formed at youth make all the difference.
6．From which is the text probably taken
A．A newspaper B．A diary.
C．A travel brochure. D．A history book.
About l.5 billion people speak English around the world. But for more than l.1 billion of them, English is their second language-often with a noticeable accent.
“Someone's accent really reveals a lot about who they are and their identity. It will tell people what their native language is and probably where they come from,”says Marc Pell, a communications professor at McGill University in Montreal. And according to Pell, one reaction to it can be a bias(偏见) against that person.
Previous research that has been done elsewhere showed that people who have an accent tend to be trusted less, simply because they have an accent. But accents aren't the only thing we listen for when we have to decide if we trust another person. Tone of voice also plays a role. Pell and his team wanted to know if people would trust a confident tone, even if it came from someone with an accent.
The researchers had Canadian English speakers listen to different versions of people saying neutral(无明显特性的) statements like “she has access to the building” while they were getting a brain scan in an MRI(磁共振成像) machine. Subjects heard someone say it with a confident tone with a Canadian English accent, an Australian accent or a French accent. Participants also heard the sentence with the three accents spoken in a doubtful or neutral tone.
The MRI scans showed that the participants had to use more brain power to decide if they could trust the statements said with the non-native accents. When the study participants heard the Australian or French accents, blood flow increased to the part of the brain that we use to process sound. They seemed to have to analyze that perhaps more carefully, or for a longer period of time to make this decision about whether they truly believed the speaker, especially when the speaker sounded doubtful. When asked, the participants reported not trusting either Australian or French accents-except when the statements were said confidently. It seems that confidence speaks for itself.
7．What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A person's accent. B．A person's identity.
C．A person's hometown. D．A person's native language.
8．What did Pell's team want to know
A．Why some people trust others less.
B．Which parts of the brain deal with sound.
C．What can cause a bias against non-natives.
D．Whether a non-native's confident tone can gain trust.
9．For the study participants, which of the following might demand the most brain power
A．A Canadian speaking English in a friendly way.
B．A French person speaking English neutrally.
C．An American speaking English confidently.
D．An Australian speaking English doubtfully.
10．Where does this text most probably come from
A．A research plan. B．A health magazine.
C．An academic journal. D．A language-learning guide.
Gone are the days when a mother’s place was in the home: in Britain women with children are now as likely to be in paid work as their unburdened sisters. Many put their little darlings in day care long before they start school. Mindful that a poor start can spoil a person’s chances of success later in life, the state has intervened ever more closely in how babies and toddlers are looked after. Inspectors call not only at nurseries but also at homes where youngsters are minded; three-year-olds follow the national curriculum. Child care has increasingly become a profession.
For years after the government first began in 2001 to twist the arms of anyone who looked after an unrelated child to register with the schools, the numbers so doing fell. Kind but clueless neighbours stopped looking after little ones, who were instead herded into formal nurseries or handed over to one of the ever-fewer registered child-minders. The decline in the number of people taking in children now appears to have halted. According to data released by the Office for Standards in Education on October 27th, the number of registered child-minders reached its lowest point in September 2010 and has since recovered slightly.
The new lot are certainly better qualified. In 2010 fully 82% of nursery workers held diplomas notionally equivalent to A-levels, the university-entrance exams taken mostly by 18-year-olds, up from 56% seven years earlier, says Anand Shukla of the Daycare Trust, a charity. Nurseries staffed by university graduates tend to be rated highest by inspectors, increasing their appeal to the pickiest parents. As a result, more graduates are being recruited.
But professionalization has also pushed up the price of child care, defying even the economic depression. A survey by the Daycare Trust finds that a full-time nursery place in England for a child aged under two, who must be intensively supervised, costs 194 ($310) per week, on average. Prices in London and the south-east are far higher. Parents in Britain spend more on child care than anywhere else in the world, according to the OECD, a think-tank. Some 68% of a typical second earner's net income is spent on freeing her to work, compared with an OECD average of 52%.
The price of child care is not only eye-watering, but has also become a barrier to work. Soon after it took power the coalition government pledged to ensure that people are better off in work than on benefits, but a recent survey by Save the Children, a charity, found that the high cost of day care prevented a quarter of low-paid workers from returning to their jobs once they had started a family. The government pays for free part-time nursery places for three-and four-year-olds, and contributes towards day-care costs for younger children from poor areas. Alas, extending such an aid during stressful economic times would appear to be anything but child’s play.
11．Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph
A．Nursery education plays a leading role in one’s personal growth.
B．Pregnant women have to work to lighten families’ economic burden.
C．Children in nursery have to take uniform nation courses.
D．The supervision of the state makes child care professional.
12．It can be learned from Paragraph 2 and 3 that ___________.
A．the registered child-minders are required to take the university-entrance exams
B．the number of registered child-minders has been declining since 2001
C．anyone who looks after children at home must register with the schools
D．the growing recognition encourages more graduates to work as child-minders
13．The high price of child care __________.
A．prevents mothers from getting employed
B．may further depress the national economy
C．makes many families live on benefits
D．is far more than parents can afford
14．What is the author’s attitude towards the professionalization of child care
A．Objective. B．Skeptical. C．Supportive. D．Biased.
15．Which of the following would be the subject of the text
A．The professionalization of child care has pushed up its price.
B．The high cost of child nursing makes many mothers give up their jobs.
C．The employment of more graduates makes nurseries more popular.
D．Parents in Britain pay most for child nursing throughout the world.
（二）七选五（共12.5分）
Pet owners have a big responsibility when it comes to taking care of their furry friends Unfortunately, many pet owners make common mistakes as follows.
● Not providing enough exercise or mental stimulation for your pet
All pets need regular exercise and mental stimulation to stay healthy and happy. 16 Mental stimulation is also essential to keep your pet fit. You can give your pet puzzle toys, play new games with them, or teach them new tricks.
● Over feeding
You might think you’re doing your pet a favor by giving them extra treats, but overfeeding can do more harm than good. 17 . Therefore,ensure you’re following the feeding guideline on the bag and not giving in to those puppy-dog eyes too often.
● Not socializing your puppy
Socialization is key to a well-behaved and happy dog. Make sure to introduce your puppy to different people, animals and situations. 18
19
Pets are great at hiding their pain and discomfort, so it’s important to watch for any change in behavior or appetite. Don’t hesitate to bring something up with your vet if you notice something off.
To help avoid these types of errors,Wanda Morgan, Chief Editor of Workout Lunatic, gives the following tips.
● Positive reinforcement
Positive reinforcement is always the way to go when training your pet. Use treats and verbal praise to encourage good behavior instead of punishment or scolding.
● Addressing underlying anxiety causes
20 . Give your pet plenty of engaging activities and playtime to keep their minds and bodies active and happy.
A．Ignoring signs of illness
B．Not trusting your puppy
C．It can help them grow confident and well-adjusted
D．It can lead to obesity and other serious medical conditions
E．Mental exercise is crucial to your pet as much as physical exercise
F．Anxiety-based behavior can stem from a lack of attention or stimulation
G．Without enough physical activity, your pet may become overweight or bored
第二部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
（一）完形填空（共15分）
How much do you know about athletes Many people regard watching sports games as a form of 21 . But for athletes, they are challenging the 22 of human beings and breaking boundaries. Intensive training is a task which they do every day as a matter of 23 . On May 6, 1954, Roger Bannister, who ran a mile in 3 minutes, 59.4 seconds, 24 the whole world’s attention. People believed that it was 25 imagination for a person to run a mile within 4 minutes. Bannister made a（n）
26 in what people believed was impossible. In the years since, more and more athletes have overcome the four—minute—mile 27 . Today, the record—held by Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco since July 7, 1999— 28 at 3 minutes and 43. 13 seconds!
Records are 29 at a lower and lower rate in both running and other fields. When new records are set, they're changed by a small proportion of a（n） 30 . The decimal point（小数点）,set at one- tenth of a second for Bannister's record, now 31 one-hundredth of a second. 32 , we'll have to go to a third decimal place, and then a fourth.
The closer athletes get to being 33 , the harder it is to make improvements. Even though they are 34 the best performances of human beings, excellent athletes can still 35 proportions of seconds off existing records. They have a real 36 to break records. The gaps between new and old records decrease 37 . Athletes are getting closer and closer to physiological 38 performances all the time. It will be tougher and tougher 39 . However, excellent athletes never 40 trying.
A．attention B．contribution
C．recreation D．communication
22．A．beliefs B．rights C．strengths D．limits
23．A．routine B．situation C．experience D．opinion
24．A．required B．avoided C．attracted D．disturbed
25．A．beyond B．within C．from D．by
26．A．cut B．division C．involvement D．breakthrough
27．A．difference B．barrier C．habit D．fear
28．A．aims B．shoots C．works D．stands
29．A．updated B．held C．checked D．established
30．A．minute B．hour C．second D．day
31．A．contains B．measures C．means D．covers
32．A．Instead B．Soon C．Meanwhile D．Besides
33．A．honest B．strong C．perfect D．ordinary
34．A．assessing B．affecting C．expecting D．approaching
35．A．shave B．keep C．pay D．knock
36．A．history B．struggle C．change D．inspiration
37．A．quickly B．finally C．normally D．gradually
38．A．satisfactory B．peak C．consistent D．fair
39．A．making sense B．taking effect C．making progress D．losing heart
40．A．stop B．remember C．start D．suggest
（二）用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The story of coffee often begins with a shepherd 41 (name) Kaldi in 9th century Ethiopia. While out in the fields, Kaldi saw his goats eating the berries from a small bush, then running and leaping about. Out of 42 (curious), he tried the berries and felt the invigorating effects for 43 (he). He took some of the fruits with him and shared them with the 44 (member) of a monastery nearby. And by the 1400s, coffee was being traded throughout the Arabian Peninsula.
Coffee reached Europe in the late 16th century through trade. Coffee was introduced into Italy first. Coffee really became popular in Europe in the 17th century, and the coffee houses opened across Europe. 45 first coffeehouse in England opened in Oxford in 1651 and by the late 17th century there were many coffeehouses in English towns 46 merchants and professional men met to drink cups of coffee, read newspapers and chat.
In the Americas, coffee was introduced during colonization, first as an imported good, then as a cultivated crop throughout Central America. The cultivation of coffee in Americas, like other cash crops, resulted 47 the displacement of native peoples and 48 (develop) of large – scale plantations using native people as a labor source. In the 19th century, Brazil became the world’s 49 (large) coffee producer, a title it 50 (maintain) ever since. Coffee remains a major good produced in Central and South America to this day.
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
（一）作文（共15分）
51．假设你是李华，刚收到你朋友李梅的email，她在信里说刚上高一，英语学习遇到了一些困难；希望你给她一些建议。请你根据以下内容要点给她回封邮件。要点包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 给出建议并提出理由（如：认真听课、常记词汇以及多用英语交流，课余多看英文电影和多听英文歌曲等）；
3. 希望建议有帮助。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：memorize v. 记忆
Dear Li Mei,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
（二）读后续写（共25分）
52．阅读下面材料，根据所给情节和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jane Brown sat carefully putting papers into a folder. She had been at the Gateway Nature Center’s office all morning and was tired of filing. She wanted desperately to work with the animals. She had been a weekend volunteer that whole school year and had done extensive research, reading books and websites on natural history. But her mom, who was the assistant director of the center, said Jane was still too young.
Suddenly, the quiet was broken by Amy bursting in. She had been a volunteer a bit longer than Jane and wandered around like she owned the place. “Hurry up, Jane,” she ordered. Jane willed herself to remain still and just smiled back.
Just then, Jane’s mother rushed into the room with Mr. White, the manager. “The hurricane is now approaching the Gulf Shore Preserve,” Mrs. Brown reported. “It needs help preparing for it. I have to go down there with the staff. We’ll take the bridge, so we shouldn’t be gone long. I need you girls to help Mr. White get the storm shutters (护窗) down in the aviary (鸟舍). Then, stay inside with Mr. White. Call me on my cellphone if there’re any problems,” Mrs. Brown directed as she rushed out. Jane was excited to have an opportunity to help the birds.
Amy announced she was now “in charge”. Jane smiled again, saying nothing. Mr. White and the girls worked quickly and were soon back inside. But when Mr. White called Jane’s mother, a worried expression crossed his face. “A storm has flooded the bridge, and they’re stuck there. Also, the storm is heading our way,” he said. Amy was frightened. After silently considering for a few seconds, Jane said calmly, “We should move the birds to the reptile house (爬行动物馆). It’s on higher ground.” Mr. White and Amy nodded. They rushed out of the building. Once inside the aviary, Jane watched Amy lunge (猛冲) from cage to cage.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1.
Jane told Amy not to jump around so much because the birds would be scared by her sudden movements.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2.
After several hours, the storm stopped, and Mrs. Brown was able to return to the center.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语期末考试答案解析：
1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Ann Arbor的游玩攻略。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“That is the unique festivals like Apple Daze in the fall and FestiFools in the spring.”（这是独特的节日，像秋天的Apple Daze和春天的FestiFools。）可知，Ann Arbor的独特之处是特别的节日，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“College football season runs from September to November, so that’s a great time to visit if you’d like to catch a game at Michigan Stadium.”（大学足球赛季从9月持续到11月，所以如果你想在密歇根体育场看一场比赛，这是一个很好的时间。）可知，九月到十一月对足球迷来说是最好的游玩时间，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By getting around on your feet, you will not only get a better feel for the town, but save money that would have otherwise been spent on a rental car or taxi rides.”（四处走走，你不仅能更好地感受这座城市，还能省下本来要花在租车或出租车上的钱。）可知，在参观Ann Arbor时徒步旅行可以省钱，故选D。
4．B 5．C 6．A
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。美国科罗拉多州一所高中的学生15岁的帕坦加里·拉奥是一名年轻科学家，他使用人工智能(AI)技术并开发了一些应用程序来解决社会问题。近日，他被《时代》杂志评为美国历史上首位“年度儿童”。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Time says Rao stood out for creating a world-wide community of young inventors and inspiring them to go after their goals. ”（《时代》杂志表示，Rao之所以出类拔萃，是因为他创建了一个由年轻发明家组成的全球社区，并激励他们追求自己的目标。）可知，她为年轻一代树立了好榜样。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Rao insists that starting out small doesn't matter, as long as you have a passion （热爱）for it.”（Rao坚持认为，从小事做起并不重要，只要你对它有热情就行。）和最后一段第一句“Rao insists that devotion to science is an act of kindness and the best way that a younger generation can better the world.”（饶坚持认为，献身科学是一种善举，是年轻一代改善世界的最好方式。）可知，热情和勤奋有助于变得优秀。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段LONE TREE, colorado-patanjali Rao, a 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist, who has used artificial intelligence （AI） and created apps to deal with social problems, has been named Time magazine's first-ever "Kid of the Year".（美国科罗拉多州一所高中的学生15岁的帕坦加里·拉奥是一名年轻科学家，他使用人工智能(AI)技术并开发了一些应用程序来解决社会问题。近日，他被《时代》杂志评为美国历史上首位“年度儿童”。）可知，这是对最近一件事的报道。所以这篇文章有可能来自一份报纸。故选A。
7．A 8．D 9．D 10．C
【分析】本文是说明文。研究人员发现，即使有口音，自信的音调也更容易获得别人的信任。
7．词义猜测题。画线词it与上一句中的主语是同一所指，均指一个人的口音。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中的Pell and his team wanted to know if people would trust a confident tone, even if it came from someone with an accent.可知，Pell团队想弄清楚带口音的自信语调是否会赢得信任。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第五段中的had to use more brain power to decide if they could trust the statements said with the non-native accents及They seemed to have to analyze ...when the speaker sounded doubtful.可推知，用迟疑的语气说出的带口音的话语可能需要更多的脑力去判断其是否可信。故选D。
10．文章出处题。本文主要介绍了一项研究成果一即使带口音，但只要语气自信，也同样会赢得信任。文章最有可能采自科普杂志。故选C。
11．D 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了儿童保育的职业化推高了它的价格。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mindful that a poor start can spoil a person’s chances of success later in life, the state has intervened ever more closely in how babies and toddlers are looked after. Inspectors call not only at nurseries but also at homes where youngsters are minded; three-year-olds follow the national curriculum. Child care has increasingly become a profession.(考虑到糟糕的开端可能会破坏一个人以后成功的机会，国家对婴儿和幼儿的照顾方式进行了越来越密切的干预。检查人员会去那些照看小孩的托儿所和家中去检查；三岁的孩子遵循国家课程安排。幼儿看护越来越成为一种职业。)”可知，国家的监督使儿童保育变得职业化了，选项D是正确的。故选D项。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Nurseries staffed by university graduates tend to be rated highest by inspectors, increasing their appeal to the pickiest parents. As a result, more graduates are being recruited.(由大学毕业生组成的托儿所往往被检查人员评为最高等级，这增加了它们对最挑剔的父母的吸引力。因此，更多的毕业生正在被录用。)”可知，越来越多的人认识到这一点，鼓励了更多的毕业生从事儿童保育员的工作。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The price of child care is not only eye-watering, but has also become a barrier to work. Soon after it took power the coalition government pledged to ensure that people are better off in work than on benefits, but a recent survey by Save the Children, a charity, found that the high cost of day care prevented a quarter of low-paid workers from returning to their jobs once they had started a family. (托儿费用不仅高得吓人，而且已经成为工作的障碍。上台后不久，联合政府就承诺要确保人们有工作比依靠福利过得更好，但慈善机构Save the Children最近的一项调查发现，高昂的日托费用使得四分之一的低收入工人在成家后无法重返工作岗位。)”可知，高昂的儿童保育费用阻止了部分母亲的就业。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Mindful that a poor start can spoil a person’s chances of success later in life, the state has intervened ever more closely in how babies and toddlers are looked after. (考虑到糟糕的开端可能会破坏一个人以后成功的机会，国家对婴儿和幼儿的照顾方式进行了越来越密切的干预。)”以及第四段中“But professionalization has also pushed up the price of child care, defying even the economic depression. (但职业化也推高了儿童保育的费用，甚至在经济萧条时期也不起作用。)”可以推知，作者客观地谈论了儿童保育工作的职业化，既提到了儿童保育的职业化有利于儿童未来发展，也提到了它带来的弊端，所以作者对儿童保育的职业化的态度是客观的。故选A项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Child care has increasingly become a profession. (儿童保育越来越成为一种职业。)”和第四段中“But professionalization has also pushed up the price of child care, defying even the economic depression. (但职业化也推高了儿童保育的费用，甚至在经济萧条时期也不起作用。)”可知，本文主要谈论了儿童保育的职业化推高了它的价格。选项A符合主题，适合做标题。故选A项。
16．G 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些养狗的错误以及建议。
16．根据上文“All pets need regular exercise and mental stimulation to stay healthy and happy.(所有的宠物都需要定期的锻炼和精神鼓励来保持健康和快乐)”以及后文“Mental stimulation is also essential to keep your pet fit. You can give your pet puzzle toys, play new games with them, or teach them new tricks(精神鼓励对保持宠物健康也是必不可少的。你可以给你的宠物益智玩具，和他们玩新的游戏，或者教他们新的技巧)”可知，后文提到了精神鼓励，可知本句是在说明宠物的体育锻炼，故G选项“如果没有足够的体育活动，你的宠物可能会变得超重或感到无聊”符合语境，故选G。
17．根据上文“You might think you’re doing your pet a favor by giving them extra treats, but overfeeding can do more harm than good.(你可能会认为你给宠物额外的食物是在帮它们的忙，但过度喂食弊大于利)”以及后文“Therefore, ensure you’re following the feeding guideline on the bag and not giving in to those puppy-dog eyes too often.(因此，确保你遵循袋子上的喂养指南，不要经常屈服于那些小狗的眼睛)”可知，本句主要承接上文具体说明过度喂食导致的问题：肥胖和其他严重的疾病。故D选项“它会导致肥胖和其他严重的疾病”符合语境，故选D。
18．根据上文“Socialization is key to a well-behaved and happy dog. Make sure to introduce your puppy to different people, animals and situations.(社交是让狗狗表现良好和快乐的关键。一定要把你的小狗介绍给不同的人、动物和环境)”可知，上文提到了要让狗狗去不同的环境中进行社交，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的好处：帮助它们变得自信和适应。故C选项“它可以帮助它们变得自信和适应”符合语境，故选C。
19．根据后文“Pets are great at hiding their pain and discomfort, so it’s important to watch for any change in behavior or appetite. Don’t hesitate to bring something up with your vet if you notice something off.(宠物很擅长隐藏它们的痛苦和不适，所以观察它们的行为或食欲的任何变化都很重要。如果你发现有什么不对劲，不要犹豫，告诉你的兽医)”可知，本段主要说明了要重视狗的疾病迹象，故A选项“忽视疾病迹象”符合语境，故选A。
20．根据标题“● Addressing underlying anxiety causes(解决潜在的焦虑原因)”以及后文“Give your pet plenty of engaging activities and playtime to keep their minds and bodies active and happy.(给你的宠物足够的有趣的活动和玩耍时间，以保持他们的思想和身体活跃和快乐)”可知，本句的主旨是说明焦虑的原因，故F选项“基于焦虑的行为可能源于缺乏关注或激励”符合语境，故选F。
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式，但对于运动员来说，体育运动是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式。A. attention注意力；B. contribution贡献；C. recreation娱乐，消遣；D. communication交流。根据下文“But for athletes, they are challenging”可知，相比于运动员，大多数人把体育比赛堪称是娱乐方式。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于运动员来说，他们是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。A. beliefs信念；B. rights权力；C. strengths优势，长处；D. limits限制。根据“breaking boundaries”可知，此处表示挑战人类的极限。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：强化训练是他们每天例行公事的一项任务。A. routine例行公事；B. situation情况；C. experience经验，经历；D. opinion观点。根据“which they do every day”可知，对于运动员来说强化训练是例行公事。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，罗杰·班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目光。A. required要求；B. avoided避免；C. attracted吸引；D. disturbed打扰。根据“On May 6, 1954, Roger Bannister, who ran a mile in 3 minutes, 59.4 seconds”可知，罗杰·班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目光。attract one’ s attention为固定短语，意为“吸引某人注意”。故选C。
25．考查介词词义辨析。句意：人们认为一个人在4分钟内跑一英里是难以想象的。A. beyond超越；B. within在……之内；C. from来自；D. by靠，通过。Beyond imagination为固定短语，意为“难以想象”，根据“run a mile within 4 minutes.”可知，在4分钟之内跑完一英里这样的速度超出了人们的想象。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特在人们认为不可能的事情上取得了突破。A. cut切口；B. division分开，分配；C. involvement参与，牵连；D. breakthrough突破。根据“what people believed was impossible”可知，人们认为这件事不可能发生，他却做到了，因此此处表示取得了突破。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，越来越多的运动员突破了4分钟一英里的障碍。A. difference不同，差别；B. barrier障碍；C. habit习惯；D. fear害怕。根据“Bannister made a breakthrough”可知，对于许多人来说达到这样的速度是一个障碍。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，摩洛哥的Hicham El Guerrouj自1999年7月7日以来保持的世界纪录是3分43秒13 ! A. aims旨在，瞄准；B. shoots射击，发射；C. works工作，运转；D. stands站立，忍受。根据“at 3 minutes and 43. 13 seconds!”可知，此处表示Hicham El Guerrouj一直保持着记录。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在跑步和其他领域，记录的更新速度越来越慢。A. updated更新；B. held举办；C. checked检查；D. established建立。根据下文“When new records are set, they're changed by a small proportion of a second.”（当新的记录被设定时，它们只会在一小部分秒内发生改变。）可知，记录更新的速度很慢。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当新的记录被设定时，它们只会在一小部分秒内发生改变。A. minute分钟；B. hour小时；C. second秒；D. day白天。根据下文“set at one- tenth of a second”可知，此处是信息词“second”的词汇复现。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据班尼斯特的记录，小数点设定在十分之一秒，现在是百分之一秒。A. contains包含；B. measures衡量；C. means意味着；D. covers覆盖。根据“set”此处表示衡量的标准现在是百分之一秒。故选B。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们要到小数点后第三位，然后是第四位。A. Instead代替，反而；B. Soon不久；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. Besides此外。上文提到“now measures one-hundredth of a second. ”，下文提到“go to a third decimal place, and then a fourth.”可知，这个变化的过程很快。故选B。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员越接近完美，进步就越困难。A. honest诚实的；B. strong强壮的；C. perfect完美的；D. ordinary普通的，平常的。根据下文“the best performances of human beings”可知，此处表示接近完美。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们的表现接近人类的最佳水平，优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。A. assessing评价；B. affecting影响；C. expecting期待；D. approaching接近。根据上文“The closer athletes get to being perfect”可知，此处表示接近最佳水平。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们的表现接近人类的最佳水平，优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。A. shave（少量的）削减，掠过，擦过；B. keep保持；C. pay支付；D. knock敲，打。此优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。故选A。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为打破纪录而奋斗。A. history历史；B. struggle斗争，奋斗；C. change变化；D. inspiration灵感，启发灵感的人或事。根据“break records”可知，运动员一直为打破记录而奋斗。故选B。
37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：新记录与旧记录之间的差距逐渐缩小。A. quickly迅速地；B. finally最终；C. normally正常地；D. gradually逐渐地。经过不断地努力，新旧记录之间地差距逐渐减少。故选D。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员在生理上的巅峰表现无时无刻不在离他们越来越近。A. satisfactory令人满意的；B. peak最高的，最大值的；C. consistent坚持的，始终如一的，一致的；D. fair公平的。运动员一直在接近自己生理上地巅峰表现。故选B。
39．考查动词短语辨析。句意：将越来越难取得进展。A. making sense有意义，合理；B. taking effect起作用，见效；C. making progress取得进步；D. losing heart失去信心。根据“tougher and tougher”可知，运动员越接近巅峰表现，想要取得进步就越难。故选C。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，优秀的运动员从不停止尝试。A. stop停止；B. remember记得；C. start开始；D. suggest建议。上文提到“很难取得进步”，however前后为转折关系，此处表示“从来不会停止尝试”。故选A。
41．named 42．curiosity 43．himself 44．members 45．The 46．where 47．in 48．development 49．largest 50．has maintained
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述咖啡的发展过程。
41．考查非谓语。句意：咖啡的故事起源于9世纪埃塞俄比亚的一个叫Kaldi的牧羊人。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查过去分词做后置定语，修饰前面的名词shepherd，是被动的关系，所以用过去分词表示被动的意思。故填named。
42．考查名词。句意：出于好奇，他尝试了浆果，并且感受到了提神的效果。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词，表示“好奇心”的意思，out of curiosity是固定短语“出于好奇”的意思。故填curiosity。
43．考查代词。句意：见第2题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查反身代词，做介词for的宾语，表示“他自己”的意思。故填himself。
44．考查名词。句意：他带了一些果实，与附近一个修道院的成员分享。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查可数名词作宾语，表示泛指，所以用复数形式。故填members。
45．考查冠词。句意：英国第一家咖啡馆于1651年在牛津开业，到17世纪晚期，英国城镇里有许多咖啡馆，商人和职业人士聚在那里喝咖啡，看报纸，聊天。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定冠词修饰序数词first，表示“第一”的意思。故填The。
46．考查定语从句。句意：见第5题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词coffeehouses，在从句中做地点状语。故填where。
47．考查动词短语。句意：美洲的咖啡种植，和其他经济作物一样，导致了当地人的迁移和大规模种植园的发展，这些种植园把当地人作为劳动力来源。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语result in，表示“导致”的意思。故填in。
48．考查名词。句意：见第7题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词，和前面的名词短语the displacement of native peoples一起并列做介词in的宾语，表示“发展”的意思，是不可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填development。
49．考查形容词最高级。句意：在19世纪，巴西成为世界上最大的咖啡生产国，从那时起，这个称号就一直保持着。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词最高级，表示“最大的”意思，修饰后面的名词短语coffee producer。故填largest。
50．考查谓语。句意：见第9题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查谓语动词，it 　　　　　　 (maintain) ever since是Brazil became the world’s ___9___ (large) coffee producer, a title的定语从句，先行词是a title，在从句中做宾语。句子中有时间状语ever since，所以句子谓语用现在完成时，主语是it，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式，助动词用has。故填has maintained。
51．Dear Li Mei,
Knowing that you’re having trouble in learning English at the beginning of high school, I’d like to offer you some advice.
First, I recommend that you concentrate on English lessons. While listening to the teachers, you should take some notes. Then, I think you should memorize the words and expressions well. It is a good choice to enlarge your vocabulary by reading newspaper. Last, communicating in English more often helps you improve your oral English. Why not watch some English movies or listen to English songs in your spare time
I hope my suggestions can help you. I believe that your English will be better soon!
Looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
【分析】这是一篇书面表达——建议信。要求根据材料和要点给你朋友李梅一些建议，回一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
学习英语有困难：having difficulty in learning English→having trouble in learning English
建议：suggest→recommend
做些笔记：make some notes→take some notes
扩大词汇量：enrich your vocabulary→enlarge your vocabulary
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then, I think you should memorize the words and expressions well. It is a good choice to enlarge your vocabulary by reading newspaper.
拓展句：Then, I think you should memorize the words and expressions well, which is a good choice to enlarge your vocabulary by reading newspaper.
52．One possible version:
Jane told Amy not to jump around so much because the birds would be scared by her sudden movements. Amy calmed down, but she was trembling. Holding Amy’s hands, Jane comforted her: “Just think about the birds.” They carried each cage up to the reptile house. Some birds beat their wings when they felt the wind. Jane spoke gently to them, and they soon grew calmer. Amy watched in awe and tried to imitate her. Eventually, they finished relocating the birds. Tired and worried, they waited inside the reptile house for the storm to stop.
After several hours, the storm stopped, and Mrs. Brown was able to return to the center. She expressed great concern that she’d left them alone for so long, but Mr. White told her that Jane’s cool thinking had saved the birds. Mrs. Brown cast a surprised look at her daughter. “How can you be so confident and courageous ” She asked. Jane replied all she could think about was how scared the birds must have felt in their cages, and she just took charge. Wearing a radiant smile, Jane added she felt proud of herself.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jane Brown在Gateway Nature Center做志愿者，她非常想和动物们一起工作，突然，Amy进来叫Jane快点，简的母亲和经理怀特先生冲进了房间，说飓风正在接近墨西哥湾海岸保护区，宣布需要Jane和Amy帮怀特先生把鸟舍的防风百叶窗放下来，Jane很高兴有机会帮助这些鸟，怀特先生和姑娘们干完了活以后回到屋里，当怀特先生得知风暴正朝这边来时感到很担忧，Jane很平静地说应该把鸟搬到更高的爬行动物馆，他们冲出大楼。一进鸟舍，简就看着艾米从一个笼子跳到另一个笼子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“简告诉艾米不要跳来跳去，因为她突然的动作会吓到鸟儿。”可知，第一段可描写简和艾米是如何把鸟舍搬到爬行动物馆的。
②由第二段首句内容“几个小时后，风暴停止了，布朗太太得以回到中心。”可知，第二段可描写布朗太太回来后听说简所做的事情后的反应。
2.续写线索：艾米颤抖——简安慰艾米——简和艾米一起搬鸟舍——完成工作——怀特先生告诉布朗太太简所做的事情——布朗太太问简——简回答——简感到自豪

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