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总论：虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，也有可能与事实完全相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，常用来表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等含义，在写作中可以用来表达比较强烈的感情。
二、写作素材：
1.没有你的帮助，我不会成功。
I couldn't have succeeded without your help
Without your help, I would not have succeed.
要不是你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
But for your guidance, I would not have made such great progress
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great success.
要是我当时没有那么粗心就好了!
If only I hadn't been so careless!
If only I hadn't been so careless at the time !
4.我无言以对，真希望我早点把真相告诉Jack.
I'm speechless. I wish I had told Jack the truth sooner.
l was speechless, wishing that I had told Jack the truth sooner.
Steven尴尬地低下头，真希望刚才没有口误。
Steven looked down awkwardly. I hope I didn't slip up
Steven lowered his head with embarrassment, wishing he hadn't made that slip of tongue.
5.伙伴们都在到处跑着，玩得很开心，可Susan 却独自坐在草坪上，希望自己此刻在家里。
Her friends were running around and having fun, but Susan was sitting alone on the lawn wishing she were at home.
Her companions were running about enjoying themselves, but Susan sat alone on the grass, wishing she were at home this moment.
6.他翻了翻相册，希望自己昨晚参加了聚会。
He flipped through the photo album, wishing he had been at the party last night
He turned over the photo album, wishing that he had joined the party last night.
7.如果再给我一次机会，我会毫不犹豫地把答案单交给Hector先生。
If I had to do it again, I wouldn't hesitate to give the answer sheet to Mr. Hector.
Given one more chance, I would hand in the answer sheet to Mr.Hector without hesitation.
再给我一次机会的话，我不会再以外貌来判断一个人。
If I had another chance, I would never judge a person by his appearance again.
Given one more chance, I would not judge a person by his appearance.
要不是这次经历，我不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
If it wasn't for this experience, I wouldn't have realized that I should be spending more time with my family
Without this experience, I would not have realized that I should spend more time with my family.
要不是和爸爸的那次谈话，我不会意识到妹妹的陪伴是多么重要。
If it hadn't been for the conversation with my father, I wouldn't have realized how important my sister's company was.
But for the talk with my dad, I would not have realized how important my sister’s company was.
要是没有Eric当时的鼓励，我可能接下来的一天都沉浸在悲伤的情绪里。
Without Eric's encouragement, I would have spent the rest of the day in a sad mood.
Without Eric’s encouragement, I would have been immersed in sorrow for the rest of day.
要是我没有告诉父母这个坏消息就好了。
I wish I hadn't told my parents the bad news
If only I hadn't told my parents the bad news.
要是我们有更多志愿者参加慈善活动，我们本可以为这个事业筹集更多的钱。
If we had more volunteers for the charity, we could have raised more money for the cause
If only we had more volunteers for the charity drive.We could have raised even more money for the cause.
14“要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好!”小女孩低声对自己说。
"If only I had taken Mother's advice!" The little girl whispered to herself.
“If only I had listened to my mother's advice!" the little girl whispered to herself.
15.如果我多等一分钟，我就坐上汽车了。
If I had waited one more minute, I would have been in the bus
If l had waited for one more minute,l would have caught the bus.
“如果我没有做.../去了...，我就不会陷入如此窘迫的境地”，Jane充满了后悔与焦虑，渐渐地眼泪湿了眼眶。
"If I hadn't done it... / Went to... I would not have been in such a difficult situation ", Jane was full of regret and anxiety, and gradually tears wet her eyes.
“If I had not done sth/gone to the+地方, I wouldn't have been trapped in the awful situation now!" Jane said with anxiety and regret, and gradually her tears welled up in her eyes.
如果不是因为他的帮助，我不可能..., 我欠他恩情。
If it hadn't been for his help, I couldn't have... I owe him.
If it had not been for his help, I wouldn't not have done sth, I owed (欠）all my luck to her.
.如果你能耐心/小心..., 事情也不会那么糟糕，我不能抑制我的愤怒并大声对他喊叫。
If you can be patient/careful... It wouldn't have been so bad that I couldn't contain my anger and shout at him.
If you had been more patient/careful..., the thing would not have been so terrible. I couldn't contain(抑制）my anger and shouted at him.
如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
Without setbacks, our life would not be full of wonderful stories.
Without setbacks, our life would not be filled with wonderful stories
他无法想象如果 Henry不来救他，会发生什么。
He couldn't imagine what would have happened if Henry hadn't come to save him.
He couldn't imagine what would have happened if Henry hadn't come to his rescue.
21.要不是 Mr.Rowe的耐心和鼓励，Steve是无法最终实现他的梦想的。
Without Mr.Rowe's patience and encouragement, Steve would not have realized his dream
Had it not been for Mr. Rowe's patience and encouragement, Steve wouldn't have achieved his dream at last.
22.我要是没和Tom 吵架就好了!
I wish I hadn't quarreled with Tom!
If only I hadn’t quarreled with Tom!
23.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
I wish you had come to my birthday party.
If only you had come to my birthday party.
如果再给我一次机会，我不会让父母失望的。
If I were given another chance, I wouldn't let my parents down
Given one more chance, I wouldn't let my parents down.
如果不是因为她对......的坚持，她不可能得到........, 更重要的是塑造了一个......的形象。
If it weren't for her love for...... The insistence that she can't get........ And more importantly shaped a...... The image of...
Had it not been for her sticking to（坚持）..., she wouldn't have earned(得到）herself ... and more importantly build up an image(形象）of...(表品格的名词）
26.我几乎到了崩溃的边缘，我多么希望我没有做过...啊！
I was almost at breaking point, how I wish I hadn't done it...
I was almost on the edge (边缘) of break down. How I wished I had not done sth.
27.我们班主任对待我们就像对待自己的孩子一样, 所以我们班的学生都很尊重她。
Our headteacher treats us as if we were her own children, so the students in our class respect her very much.
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
如果再给Brianna一次机会，她会选择勇敢地面对挑战而不是不断逃避。
If given another chance, Brianna would choose to face the challenge bravely instead of running away from it.
Given one more chance, Brianna would choose to bravely face challenges instead of constantly avoiding them.
如果妈妈没有那么健忘的话，我们就不用再回去取东西了。
If mom hadn't been so forgetful, we wouldn't have to go back to get our things.
Had mom not been that forgetful, it would have saved us the trouble of going back again to fetch things.
Steven尴尬地低下头，真希望刚才没有口误。
Steven looked down awkwardly. I hope I didn't slip up.
Steven lowered his head with embarrassment, wishing he hadn't made that slip of tongue.
31.要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
If it wasn't for this experience, I wouldn't have realized that I should spend more time with my family.
But for this experience,l wouldn't have realized that l should spend more time with my family.
32.再给我一次机会的话，我不会再以外貌来判断一个人。
Given another chance, I would never judge a man by his appearance again
Given one more chance, I wouldn't have judged a person by his appearance.
33.她告诉我,如果没有我的卡片,她在这艰难的日子里看不到自己,更看不到希望。
She told me that without my card, she could not see herself in this difficult day, let alone hope.
She told me that without my card, she wouldn't have seen herself, not even the hope during the hard days.
34.要是直升机不来救我的话,我不知道自己还能坚持多久。
I don't know how much longer I can hold on if the helicopter doesn't come to rescue me.
Had the helicopter not come to my rescue, l didn't know how much longer l would hang on.
要是我早一点发现火星,灾难就不会发生了。
If I'd discovered the beginning phenomenon of fire sooner, disaster wouldn't have happened.
If l had noticed the fire earlier, the miserable accident would not have happened
如果我没有和Tom吵架。就不会被困在这个可怕的地方，面临死亡的危险。
If I hadn't quarreled with Tom. I wouldn't be trapped in this terrible place, in danger of death.
Hadn't l quarreled with Tom.l wouldn't be trapped in this awful place,confronted with the danger of death
要不是你的陪伴与鼓励,我就不会度过难关。
If it hadn't been for your company and encouragement, I wouldn't have got through this difficult time.
Were it not for your companion ship and encouragement,l would not weather the hardships.
如果我母亲没有把愚蠢的自行车配件变成我终身一以贯之的教训,我现如今就会变成另外一个人。
If my mother hadn't turned stupid bike accessories into a lifelong lesson, I'd be a different person today.
l would be a different person if my mom hadn't turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson l carry with me today。
如果我能有机会回到过去，我就会...,而不是经受悔恨和痛苦的折磨。
If I could go back in time, I would... Instead of being tortured with remorse and pain.
Should l be given a chance to the past, l would do sth instead of suffering this unbearable regret and torture
要不是比尔我不可能成功并重拾自信。
I wouldn't have been able to regain my confidence without Bill
Had it not been for Bill/But for/Without Bill, l wouldn't have made it and found my confidence.
41.该是我们为改善环境做些事情的时候了。
It’s high time that we did(should do) something to improve our environment.
It's high time we did something to improve the environment.
42.随着社会的快速发展, 我们有必要精通英语和电脑。
With the rapid development of society, it is necessary for us to be proficient in English and computer
With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer.
如果不是那天的经历，我不会明白什么才是我们生命中最重要的。
If it wasn't for that day, I wouldn't know what is the most important thing in our lives
If it had not been for the experience that day,l would not have known what actually mattered the most in our life.
三、具体用法
1.形式：
①对将来的虚拟
without sth, sb would/ should/ could/ might + do
②对过去的虚拟
without sth, sb would/ should/ could/ might + have done
③对现在的虚拟
without sth, sb would/ should/ could/ might + do
2.本质：主句时态往前推一个时态
3.续写中常用结构：
①without+名词/名词短语, sb would (not) have done （对过去的虚拟）
②but for+名词/名词短语, sb would (not) have done （对过去的虚拟）
含义：译为“没有/要不是...，某人就不会...”
功能：通过虚拟条件句来表达惊异，感谢，遗憾等强烈的感情
③If only sb had done sth. (Sb would/could have done sth.)
如果...就好了，(某人就可以…)【if only这个句式可以单独成句】
④希望....: wishing (that)…
功能: wish表实现不了的愿望，此处将其用作非谓语动词，表示主语的一种愿望。
⑤Given one more chance，sb would (not)...如果再有一次机会，某人(不)会.…
功能:对将来虚拟，可用于表示人物后悔、忏悔等想补救的心理。

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