资源简介

Unit 6 Disaster and hope 单元测试
一、阅读理解
On the day the tornado hit, there was no indication that severe weather was on its way—the sky was blue and the sun had been out. The first alert my husband, Jimmy, 67, and I, 65, got came around 9 p. m. , from some scrolling text on the TV Jimmy was watching. He ran upstairs to find me in our thirdfloor bedroom, and we changed the channel from the presidential primary debate I had been watching to our local Pensacola, Florida, station.
No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. It was the loudest thing I have ever heard. The bones of the house shook, and the power went out. The wind began to roar through the house, most likely through blownout windows and the door to our garage. We had three flights of steps to navigate to get to the relative safety of the first floor, because the cupboard down there is underneath a brick staircase.
I didn’t know how or if we would make it down the steps. It felt as if there were no floor underneath me as the wind lifted me off my feet. I tried to move forward, but this intense pressure held me in place.
As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Pieces of glass that looked like crushed ice flew everywhere. Suddenly, a threefootlong tree branch crashed into the door frame. It flew over our heads, missing us by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have hit us.
By the time I reached the cupboard, the tornado had been over us for about a minute. Jimmy pushed me down to the cupboard floor, but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind. I held Jimmy’s arm and tried to bring Jimmy with it. My knees were full of glass, but at that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house and into the bay.
All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. In those first quiet moments, I couldn't believe it was over, Jimmy said he'd go outside to check. “No,” I said. “Don’t leave me. Don’t leave me. ”
Our neighbor said the storm lasted four minutes. In that time, four of the twelve town houses in our unit were completely destroyed. Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. Amazingly, none of us were severely injured.
1．Where did the husband first get the warning information about the tornado
A．From the weather forecast.
B．From a movie he was watching.
C．From the local broadcast station.
D．From the moving words on a TV programme.
2．What does the underlined word “coverage” mean
A．Power. B．Description. C．Arrival. D．Delay.
3．Why didn't the wife feel pain
A．Because she didn't get any hurt when the storm hit.
B．Because she was too scared to feel pain.
C．Because she used all her strength to hold on to her husband.
D．Because she had reached the cupboard and she was safe.
4．What's the author's purpose by writing the passage
A．To share with us her experience of surviving a tornado.
B．To warn us of the danger caused by tornadoes.
C．To show us how to fight against a tornado.
D．To tell us how to protect us from dangerous tornadoes.
As we sip our coffee and read the daily headlines, climate changes can seem like a distant threat. But travel a few thousands miles to the source of your caffeine fix, and the threat is all too real.
The coffee farmers are now seeing violent downpours that drown their plants in Mexico, where the climate used to be stable and mild, but the temperature now see-saws between extreme cold and heat, which greatly affects their harvest. Unfortunately, farmers across South America, Asia and Africa are also watching coffee plants decrease as droughts and downpours attack their crops as a result of global warming. The consequences of all this could soon work their way through the pipeline to your local coffee shop.
The problem arises, in part, from refinement (改进) of our taste. Two main breeds of commercial coffee Arabica and Robusta gain special reputation. The former is by far the world’s favourite, accounting for about 70% of the coffee we drink. However, the Arabica plants have been bred from a very small stock taken from the mountains of Ethiopia-giving it very little genetic diversity and making it particularly difficult to adapt to climate change. Besides, the plant grows best between a very narrow range of relatively mild temperatures (18 to 22℃ ) and needs gentle, regular rainfall. The delicate Arabica plants just can’t cope with the new and unpredictable conditions that come with global warming.
All of these paint a depressing picture for the future. Researchers predict that the land suited to farming Arabica could drop by as much as 50% by 2050. Classic coffee-producing region, such as Vietnam, India and most of Central America, will be hit particularly hard. Some of the farmers feel that the subject has almost become taboo, “We talk very little about climate. We already know how it is—and that there is nothing we can do.”
5．What does the author imply at the beginning
A．The origin of coffee is at risk.
B．Coffee consumers like reading newspaper.
C．The origin of coffee is visited by consumers.
D．Coffee consumers do care about the weather very much.
6．What do we know about coffee planters
A．They become victims of extreme weather.
B．Those in Mexico suffer the greatest loss.
C．Some of them take measures to cut the losses.
D．They try to meet the market demand for coffee.
7．What is the disadvantage of Arabica
A．Its market share is low.
B．It can only be planted in Etiopia.
C．It has disease-causing genes.
D．It has high demands for environment.
8．The underlined word “taboo” in the last paragraph refers to something that is ________.
A．easily understood. B．rarely mentioned.
C．hardly avoided. D．heatedly discussed.
During a hurricane, strong winds hit the land. Winds reach speeds of 250 kilometers per hour or more. Some animals including lizards (蜥蜴), may get blown away. But with a good grip (紧抓), others can live through the storm. A new study suggests that such hurricanes can actually help lizards to some degree.
Colin Donihue, a scientist examined lizard species on several Caribbean islands. The process began in 2017, as Donihue was studying lizard populations in Turks and Caicos. A couple of weeks after he and other researchers left there, those islands were hit by hurricanes, first Hurricane Irma and then Hurricane Maria. Returning to the island a year later, he noticed that the populations looked different. The lizards he saw after the hurricanes had larger toe pads than those he’d examined the previous year before the hurricanes. He has looked at 12 island populations of the lizard species Anolis sagrei, and separately analyzed 188 Anolis species with populations that range from Florida to Brazil. He and his team cross-examined the size of their toe pads with the frequency and severity (强度) of Caribbean hurricanes. Over the past 70 years of hurricane data, the result stood out: larger toe pads had a close connection with more serious hurricanes.
The study better explained how evolutionary (进化的) processes are helping species become stronger, even as global climate change threatens their long-term survival. In the past hurricanes simply haven’t been common enough to matter in an evolutionary timeline. But due to climate change, there will be more hurricanes. Some populations can be completely destroyed by hurricanes. But in the case of the lizards Donihue studied, the ones that survived these violent storms were the ones with larger toe pads. And their babies also had similarly large toe pads. That small change in their body tells us how species change as the environment around them changes as well.
9．What did Colin Donihue’s study find
A．Hurricanes had an influence on lizards’ evolution.
B．Many kinds of lizards existed on the Caribbean islands.
C．Hurricanes Irma and Maria caused lizards5 extinction.
D．The lizards on the islands were stronger than others.
10．According to Paragraph 3 lizards with larger toe pads may ________.
A．have a small population B．do well in finding food
C．tend to fight intensely with each other D．be spotted where hurricanes hit hard
11．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Humans must contribute to lizards9 development.
B．Some species become stronger due to climate change.
C．Lizards will be removed from the earth sooner or later.
D．Climate change often brings disadvantages to lizards.
12．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Perfect Place for Lizards to Live B．More Hurricanes Hit the Caribbean Islands
C．Hurricanes Help Lizards Grow Stronger D．Tough Life for Lizards on the Caribbean Islands
JERUSALEM—Israel’s Environmental Protection Ministry asked citizens Wednesday to avoid unnecessary physical activity and stay indoors, as a serious sandstorm struck the Middle East in a thick yellow haze (霾) for a second day with no hope to see things clearly.
The ministry said heavy levels of dust and sand in the air were a threat to cities throughout the country. The ministry’s website advised pregnant women, the elderly and those with heart and respiratory (呼吸的) conditions to stay indoors, and asked schools to keep children indoors.
The emergency service Magen David Adom reported that it has treated more than 300 Israelis suffering from breathing problems, and that hospitals have more respiratory-related patients, including a large number of the elderly and those with asthma and related conditions.
The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.
The sandstorm has affected Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria, where at least five deaths have been reported.
“There has been nothing that came close to the magnitude of this sandstorm,” said Daniel Rosenfeld, a professor with the Institute of Earth Sciences at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
“While Israel has experienced a number of sandstorms in the past, they started from the Sinai Desert and the Sahara Desert to the south and were joined by winter windstorms that cleared the air,” he said. In this case, the storm comes from Syria and Iraq to the north and east.
Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the particles to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.
“This is really puzzling,” said Rosenfeld, adding that he and his colleague will conduct research into the origins of the unprecedented (前所未有的) storm. (326 words)
13．What’s the probable meaning of the underlined word “ground” in Paragraph 4
A．add B．reduce
C．cancel D．fuel
14．It can be learned from the text that the sandstorm ________.
A．happened in winter B．showed no sign of weakening
C．came from Syria and Iraq to the south D．could clear the air
15．How did Rosenfeld feel about the origins of the storm
A．confused B．upset
C．confident D．happy
16．Where does the text probably come from
A．a novel B．a news story
C．a geography book D．a travel guide
Making Peace with Your Parents
As a teen, you’re going through big changes physically and mentally. Your interests are increasing. 17 Here is the challenge: Kids need to explore the world in new ways, and parents need to protect them from the dangers that are all out in that world. These conflicts can easily set off fireworks in otherwise calm houses. Sometimes conflicts can’t be avoided. But by paying attention to the building blocks of successful relationships, you can work towards making home a happy and healthy place for you and your parents.
For example, try to find a time to talk when your parents are not angry, tired, distracted or hungry. A good time to talk is when you’re all relaxed. Timing is everything. If the conversation begins to turn into an argument, you’d better calmly and coolly ask to stop the conversation for now. 18 Listen to what your parents are saying, and repeat it back to them. This shows them that you’re listening. 19 Respect is the building block of good communication. People who respect each other and care about each others’ feelings can disagree without getting things ugly. 20 How do you build trust Trust comes by actually doing what you say you’re going to do. Some teens find that doing fun activities with their parents can improve their relationships. Sometimes we forget that parents are more than rule-maker—they’re interesting people who like to watch movies and go shopping—just like their teenagers!
What do you do if you are trying your best, but your relationship with your parents continues to be rocky 21 You can find supportive adults, such as a teacher or a coach, who can lend an ear. Remember you can only change your own behavior. Your parents are the only ones who can change theirs.
A．You may consider seeking outside help.
B．And then you’ll be able to accept what your parents say.
C．You can pick it up again when everyone’s more relaxed.
D．Faced with the challenge, children don’t know what to do.
E．And your desire to take control of your own life is growing.
F．It also gives them a chance to clear things up if you’re not on the same page.
G．You are more likely to get along with your parents and have more independence if your parents believe in you.
二、完形填空
Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computers in the school he works in. I think it is a 22 school except for the fact that the school didn't have computers.
Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet. In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by 23 an entire computer on the blackboard. The photos showed the poor level of education for children in Ghana. People were 24 that Owura made sure each button (按钮) was drawn correctly.
Owura wanted the students to 25 what life with a computer could be like someday. He would come to school half an hour ahead of 26 every day. He drew the computer on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was 27 off to start the next class, so he had to repeat it the next day!
Owura's efforts were 28 when Microsoft (微软公司) took 29 of his act. They first took him to an international educators' meeting in Singapore. He made a 30 about his teaching methods at the meeting. He 31 a standing ovation (起立鼓掌) after the speech.
Importantly, Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies 32 computers to the school. Not a single child in the school had seen a real computer in their lives. Thanks to their teacher's 33 the world took notice and responded with 34 to them.
“Your work has really 35 the world. At Microsoft, we believe that educators are heroes. They 36 influence the lifelong skills of their students,” said Anthony Salcito, vice president at Microsoft.
22．A．final B．dusty C．normal D．personal
23．A．operating B．repairing C．describing D．drawing
24．A．worried B．disappointed C．afraid D．amazed
25．A．start B．imagine C．rebuild D．harm
26．A．line B．culture C．schedule D．deadline
27．A．rubbed B．called C．cut D．shown
28．A．selected B．rewarded C．simplified D．affected
29．A．care B．charge C．place D．notice
30．A．plan B．speech C．decision D．medal
31．A．decreased B．replaced C．received D．contained
32．A．lent B．sold C．gave D．applied
33．A．doubt B．pains C．humour D．efforts
34．A．wisdom B．kindness C．honesty D．pride
35．A．inspired B．stuck C．formed D．comforted
36．A．directly B．briefly C．quickly D．rarely
三、书信写作
37．假定你是李华，你校将举办一场以“How to survive an earthquake”为主题的讲座。请你写封邮件邀请你的外国朋友George参加，内容包括：
1.邮件的目的；
2.讲座的主要内容；
3.讲座的时间和地点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear George,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001. The team brings help and hope to those 38 lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disaster.
After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save 39 (life) after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China, and the team was 40 (high) praised for their bravery and skill.
Since then, the CISAR 41 (complete) many missions. The list of people 42 whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, helped 2,5000 43 (wound) people after the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010, and spent several months 44 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other supplies. 45 they have to do is difficult under conditions which can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and accidents. Rescue workers get to save lives, 46 they must also bury 47 dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.
五、书面表达
48．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Working as a tour guide in the scenic White Island of New Zealand sounds like a dream come true for an adventurous man, unless of course, the incredible happens.
At 21, Jack Stevenson was working as a tour guide on White Island when he was caught in the middle of a killer volcanic eruption. Considered an active volcano, many have questioned the decision to allow tourists to visit White Island. But its splendid scenery, warm and skilled natives there and adventurous exploration attract more than 18,000 people travel to that spot every year.
Jack along with a group of tourists hiked its winding trails, admired the impressive beauty, dived into its cold lakes, and fished for treats in its streams. Of course, he knew the mountain was an active volcano... Still there is a village at the foot of it.
Suddenly Jack found himself in the middle of the deadliest and most destructive volcanic event in its history. Black smoke rolled down the side of the mountain towards the village as soon as they felt the earthquake, and then ash and rock erupted everywhere. Men, women and children tried their best to go as far away from the volcano as possible as the lava melted its way quickly.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
During the hurry to escape, Jack offered to help.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jack is now back home in Whakatane, from where he can see White Island and read the letters from tourists.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫经历了一次龙卷风幸存下来的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The first alert my husband, Jimmy, 67, and I, 65, got came around 9 p. m. , from some scrolling text on the TV Jimmy was watching.”(我和我67岁的丈夫吉米第一次接到警报是在晚上9点左右，当时吉米正在看电视上滚动的文本。)可知，丈夫首先从电视节目上的滚动文本中得知龙卷风的警告信息。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“it was on top of us”(它就在我们上面)和第二句“It was the loudest thing I have ever heard.”(这是我听过的最响的声音。)可知，此处是指发现龙卷风的到来，所以coverage意为“到来”。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“I held Jimmy's arm and tried to bring Jimmy with it.”(我抓住吉米的胳膊，想把吉米也拽过来。)和第五句“If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house and into the bay.”(如果我放手，吉米就会从房子后面飞到海湾里去。)可知，妻子并不感到痛苦是因为她用尽了所有的力气去抓住丈夫。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. It was the loudest thing I have ever heard. The bones of the house shook, and the power went out. The wind began to roar through the house, most likely through blownout windows and the door to our garage.”（我们一看到龙卷风的报道，它就在我们头顶上。这是我听过的最响的声音。房子的骨架摇晃了一下，接着就停电了。风开始呼啸着穿过房子，很可能是从被吹破的窗户和车库门吹进来的）根据最后一段最后两句“Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. Amazingly, none of us were severely injured.”(在幸存的房屋中，我们的房屋受损最严重。令人惊讶的是，我们都没有严重受伤。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是和我们分享她在龙卷风中幸存的经历。故选A。
5．A 6．A 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是气候变化正在影响着咖啡的收成。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段的“As we sip our coffee and read the daily headlines, climate changes can seem like a distant threat. But travel a few thousands miles to the source of your caffeine fix, and the threat is all too real.(当我们喝着咖啡，读着每日的头条新闻时，气候变化似乎是一个遥远的威胁。但如果你千里迢迢来到咖啡因的源头，这种威胁就真的存在了)”可知，作者在开头暗示了咖啡的源头正受到威胁。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The coffee farmers are now seeing violent downpours that drown their plants in Mexico, where the climate used to be stable and mild, but the temperature now see-saws between extreme cold and heat, which greatly affects their harvest.(墨西哥的咖啡农们现在正看着暴雨淹没了他们的咖啡树，那里的气候过去是稳定温和的，但现在的温度在极端寒冷和炎热之间摇摆不定，这极大地影响了他们的收成)”可知，极端天气影响咖啡农的收成，咖啡农成为极端天气的受害者。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段的“However, the Arabica plants have been bred from a very small stock taken from the mountains of Ethiopia-giving it very little genetic diversity and making it particularly difficult to adapt to climate change. Besides, the plant grows best between a very narrow range of relatively mild temperatures (18 to 22℃ ) and needs gentle, regular rainfall.(然而，阿拉比卡植物是从埃塞俄比亚山区的一个非常小的种群中培育出来的，这使得它的基因多样性非常少，使它特别难以适应气候变化。此外，这种植物在相对温和的温度（18 - 22℃）范围内生长得最好，需要温和的、有规律的降雨)”可知，Arabica的缺点是它对环境有很高的要求。故选D。
8．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Some of the farmers feel that the subject has almost become taboo, We talk very little about climate(一些农民觉得这个话题几乎成了taboo，我们很少谈论气候)”可知，咖啡农很少谈论气候，taboo指的就是“很少被提及的事情”，即something that is rarely mentioned，故选B。
9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有研究发现飓风会使得一部分动物包括蜥蜴被吹走，但是一些在飓风中幸存下来的蜥蜴他们的趾垫会变得更大，结果表明飓风对蜥蜴的进化有一定的影响。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Over the past 70 years of hurricane data, the result stood out: larger toe pads had a close connection with more serious hurricanes.”（过去70多年的飓风数据研究结果很突出地表明，更大的趾垫和更加严重的飓风有关。）可知，研究发现飓风越是厉害，蜥蜴的趾垫会越大。说明飓风影响了蜥蜴趾垫的进化。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句“But in the case of the lizards Donihue studied, the ones that survived these violent storms were the ones with larger toe pads.”（但是在Donihue研究的蜥蜴案例中，那些在猛烈的暴风雨中幸存下来的蜥蜴往往有更大的趾垫。）可知，那些有较大趾垫的蜥蜴在那些经受巨大飓风的地方会被发现。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Some populations can be completely destroyed by hurricanes. But in the case of the lizards Donihue studied, the ones that survived these violent storms were the ones with larger toe pads. And their babies also had similarly large toe pads. That small change in their body tells us how species change as the environment around them changes as well.”（有些物种会被飓风完全摧毁。但是在Donihue研究的蜥蜴案例中，那些在猛烈的暴风雨中幸存下来的蜥蜴往往有更大的趾垫。而且他们的幼崽也同样有大的趾垫。他们身体上一些小的变化告诉我们物种是如何随着环境的变化也发生变化的。）可推测，那些没有被气候变化摧毁的物种会变得更加强大来适应这种气候变化。故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。文章首段介绍了研究表明飓风在一定程度上帮助了蜥蜴的发展。第二段研究者们发现，那些在飓风中存或下来的蜥蜴拥有了更大的趾垫。最后一段总结环境变化能让存活下来的物种更加强大。所以短文的最佳标题为“飓风帮助蜥蜴变得更强”。故选C项。
13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B
【分析】本文属于新闻，介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，预计持续到周末，其原因气候学家还没有弄清楚。
13．词义猜测题。根据第四段The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.中的because of reduced visibility可知，由于能见度降低，因而可知以色列的航班禁止飞行，因此选C。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the particles to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.可知，由于本次沙尘暴发生在夏季，风很小，天气炎热，湿度很低，因此预测沙尘暴持续到周末，甚至到下周，故可知，沙尘暴没有显示出缓解的迹象，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段This is really puzzling,” said Rosenfeld可知，这很让人疑惑，可知对此持疑惑的态度，故选A。
16．推理判断题。根据文章可知，介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，预计持续到周末，故可知本文属于新闻，故选B。
【点睛】词义猜测题做题技巧。关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义。
比如小题1，词义猜测题。根据第四段The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.中的because of reduced visibility可知，由于能见度降低，因而可知以色列的航班禁止飞行，因此选C。
17．E 18．C 19．F 20．G 21．A
【分析】这篇文章主要讲了处于叛逆期青少年如何与父母和平相处的问题，作者给出了一些建议和方法。
17．语义理解题。根据前文As a teen, you’re going through big changes physically and mentally. Your interests are increasing.（作为一名青少年，你在身体和精神方面发生了巨大的改变，你的兴趣在增长），而根据后文Here is the challenge: Kids need to explore the world in new ways, and parents need to protect them from the dangers that are all out in that world. These conflicts can easily set off fireworks in otherwise calm houses.可知，孩子想用新方式探索世界和父母想要保护孩子的愿望发生冲突，所以E项“你想要控制自己生活的欲望在增长”承上启下，选E。
18．语义理解题。A good time to talk is when you’re all relaxed. 这里提到最好的讨论这个话题的时间是你们都放松的时候。可知这里意思是当每个人都很放松时，你可以再次说起这个话题，选C。
19．语义理解题。Listen to what your parents are saying, and repeat it back to them. This shows them that you’re listening. 这里强调要听你的父母说，可知如果你们没有达成共识，它也给他们一个机会把事情梳理清除，选F。
20．语义理解题。How do you build trust Trust comes by actually doing what you say you’re going to do.这里提到了信任的问题，故前一句是说与父母建立信任的好处。故选G（如果你的父母信任你，你更可能和你的父母相处好，并且有更多的独立。）
21．语义理解题。You can find supportive adults, such as a teacher or a coach, who can lend an ear. 这里提到了你可以像其他的成年人寻求帮助，例如老师或是教练，故空格处是说你可以考虑寻求外界帮助，选A。
22．C 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。加纳一个贫困学校的学生从没有见过真正的电脑,教师Owura就在黑板上画电脑。他的行为引起了微软公司的注意,很多公司给这所学校赠送电脑。他所付出的努力让人们对教育者有了信心。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为除了学校没有电脑外，这是一所正规的学校。A. final最终的；B. dusty布满灰尘的；C. normal正常的；D. personal个人的。根据“except for the fact that the school didn't have computers.”可知，Owura任教的学校除了没有电脑外，其他的都和别的学校一样。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这幅图中，人们可以看到他在黑板上画了一整台电脑来教他的学生。A. operating操作；B. repairing修理；C. describing描述；D. drawing画画。根据下文“He drew the computer on the blackboard”可知，他在黑板上画电脑，让学生知道电脑是什么样子的。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们很惊讶，Owura确保每个按钮都画对了。A. worried担心的；B. disappointed失望的；C. afraid害怕的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据“made sure each button (按钮) was drawn correctly.”可知，Owura将电脑的每一个按钮都准确无误地画出来，很让人惊讶。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Owura希望学生们想象有一天有电脑的生活会是什么样子。A. start开始；B. imagine想象；C. rebuild重建；D. harm伤害，损害。根据“except for the fact that the school didn't have computers.”可知，现在没有电脑，学生只能通过黑板上画的电脑想象。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天都会提前半小时到校。A. line线；B. culture文化；C. schedule日程，安排；D. deadline截止日期。根据“but at the end of his class, it was　　6　　off to start the next class, so he had to repeat it the next day!”可知，由于上完课后要擦掉，所以每天提前半小时到校画电脑。ahead of schedule固定短语，提前。故选C。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在他的课结束时，它被擦掉了，以开始下一堂课。A. rubbed off擦掉；B. called off取消；C. cut off切掉；D. shown off炫耀。根据“so he had to repeat it the next day!”可知，因为要上下一堂课，所以黑板上画的电脑要被擦掉。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当微软注意到他的举动时，Owura的努力得到了回报。A. selected挑选；B. rewarded奖励；C. simplified简化；D. affected影响。根据下文“Importantly, Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies　　11　　computers to the school.”可知，有些公司给他的学校赠送电脑，他的努力没有白费。故选B。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. take care of关心；B. take charge of负责；C .take place of代替；D. take notice of注意。根据上文“Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet.”可知，他的行为引起了微软公司的注意。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在会上做了一个关于他的教学方法的演讲。A. plan计划；B. speech演讲；C. decision决定；D. medal奖章。根据下文中"after the speech"可知，是作演讲。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：演讲结束后，听众起立为他鼓掌。A. decreased减少；B. replaced代替；C. received接收；D. contained包含。演讲结束后，听众起立鼓掌表示对他的敬意，他收到了掌声。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，Owura得到了他一直想要给他的学生的东西——一些公司给了学校电脑。A. lent借；B. sold卖；C. gave给；D. applied申请，应用。根据“Owura's efforts were　　7　　”和下文“Not a single child in the school had seen a real computer in their lives.”可知，一些公司捐赠电脑给学校。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于他们老师的努力，世界关注了他们，并对他们报以善意的回应。A. doubt怀疑；B. pains痛苦；C. humors幽默；D. efforts努力。根据上文“Owura's efforts were　　7　　”可知，此处是信息词efforts的词汇复现。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wisdom智慧；B. kindness善良；C. honesty诚实；D. pride骄傲。根据上文“some companies　　11　　computers to the school.”可知，一些公司给他们捐献了电脑，因此推断世界用善意回报了他们。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的工作真的鼓舞了全世界。A. inspired激励，鼓舞；B. stuck困住，卡住；C. formed形成；D. comforted安慰。根据下文“At Microsoft, we believe that educators are heroes.”可知，Owura的工作鼓舞了整个世界。故选A。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们直接影响学生的终身技能。A. directly直接地；B. briefly简短地；C. quickly迅速地；D. rarely罕见地。根据上文“we believe that educators are heroes.”可知，我们相信教育者是英雄，教育者直接影响他们的学生的终身技能。故选A。
37．Dear George,
I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about “How to survive an earthquake”, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. The relevant details are as follows.
To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake. Then the specialist will give us some guidelines for surviving an earthquake, such as how to signal for help if you are trapped. Though we can't stop earthquakes, the harm they bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份写邮件邀请外国朋友George参加以“How to survive an earthquake”为主题的讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→host
首先：to begin with→first of all
参加：attend→take part in
建议：lecture→speech
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
拓展句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, whose aim is to make us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about “How to survive an earthquake”, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Then the specialist will give us some guidelines for surviving an earthquake, such as how to signal for help if you are trapped.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
38．whose 39．lives 40．highly 41．has completed 42．to 43．wounded 44．giving 45．What 46．but 47．the
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国际搜救队成立以来的工作情况和意义。
38．考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：该团队为那些生活因风暴、洪水、地震或其他自然灾害而改变的人们带来帮助和希望。those为先行词，指代人，意为“那些人”，后接限制性定语从句，先行词和从句主语lives形成所属关系，设空处应用关系代词whose来修饰，指代“那些人的”生活。故填whose。
39．考查名词复数。句意：那一年，中国救援队在阿尔及利亚和伊朗地震后帮助拯救了生命。saved后接宾语，life，意为“生命，性命”，可数名词，根据句意，中国救援队去往两个国家救人，应用名词复数。故填lives。
40．考查副词。句意：这是中国团队第一次在国外工作，他们的勇敢和技术受到了高度赞扬。设空处应填副词作状语，修饰谓语动词praise，high的副词为highly，意为“高度地”，短语praise sb. highly，意为“高度表扬某人”。故填highly。
41．考查时态。句意：自那时起，CISAR完成了许多任务。根据时间状语Since then，句子谓语应用现在完成时态，主语为the CISAR，为单数形式，助动词用has。故填has completed。
42．考查介词。句意：得到帮助的人的名单很长。此处在定语从句中考查give sth. to sb.的被动用法sth. be given to sb.，先行词people，指代人，在从句中为介词to的宾语，关系代词用whom时，介词to可以提前，置于关系代词whom之前。故填to。
43．考查形容词。句意：该小组治疗了2006年印尼地震中受伤的3000多人，2010年海地地震中帮助了2500个伤员，并在2010年巴基斯坦洪灾中花了几个月的时间为25000多名灾民提供援助。设空处在名词people之前，应用形容词做前置定语，wound的形容词为wounded。故填wounded。
44．考查动名词。句意：该小组治疗了2006年印尼地震中受伤的3000多人，2010年海地地震中帮助了2500个伤员，并在2010年巴基斯坦洪灾中花了几个月的时间为25000多名灾民提供援助。此处考查动词短语spend time (in) doing sth.，设空处应用动名词，故填giving。
45．考查宾语从句连接代词。句意：在非常危险的条件下，他们所要做的是非常困难的。主句谓语动词为is，设空处应用连接词引导主语从句，从句缺宾语，应用连接代词what，设空处在句首，单词首字母大写。故填What。
46．考查转折连词。句意：救援人员可以拯救生命，但他们也必须埋葬死者。救援人员的任务本应该是拯救生命，但是他们还有另一个工作：安排罹难者身后事宜，应用转折连词but，故填but。
47．考查冠词。句意：救援人员可以拯救生命，但他们也必须埋葬死者。此处考查the+形容词，表一类人，the dead，意为“死者”，设空处应填定冠词the。故填the。
48．One possible vision
During the hurry to escape, Jack offered to help. He pulled out some blankets and got them wet. Thoughtfully, he shared them with some little children and needy people. He showed how to cover himself to avoid the smelly ashes and other possible damages from volcano eruption. The whole group were equipped immediately to run away to the bus at the entrance of the village. The bus driver drove quickly and to everyone’s relief, they managed to reach a safe place before the lava came along.
Jack is now back home in Whakatane, from where he can see White Island and read the letters from tourists. Sincere thanks and best wishes are expressed in the simple words. He is deeply touched by the tourists and feels blessed to have the chance to help. Besides, what makes him even more delighted is that many of them have great interest and show strong desire to travel back there and visit it again. White Island is really a fascinating place for you to explore, for nature and for human.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个年轻导游在带领游客在风景秀丽的新西兰白岛游览，突然遭遇火山喷发的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在匆忙逃离的过程中，杰克主动提出帮忙。”可知，第一段可描写杰克帮助游客们自救，避免了伤亡。
②由第二段首句内容“杰克现在回到了瓦卡坦的家，在那里他可以看到怀特岛，还可以读到游客们的来信。”可知，杰克及游客们安全回家，游客们写信给杰克向他表达谢意。
2.续写线索：想到保护措施——成功避险——回家——游客感谢——杰克的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①掏出，拿出：take out/pull out/draw out
②演示，示范：show /demonstrate/teach
③到达：reach /arrive at/get to
情绪类
①感谢： sincere thanks/appreciation/ gratitude/being grateful
②开心，高兴：delighted /happy /glad/excited
【点睛】[高分句型1] He showed how to cover himself to avoid the smelly ashes and other possible damages from volcano eruption.（使用了“疑问词how+动词不定式”作宾语）
[高分句型2] The bus driver drove quickly and to everyone’s relief, they managed to reach a safe place before the lava came along. （连词and连接了并列分句及before引导了时间状语从句及高级词汇to one’s relief）
[高分句型3] Besides, what makes him even more delighted is that many of them have great interest and show strong desire to travel back there and visit it again.（what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）

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