资源简介

2024年邵阳市高三第一次联考试题卷
英语
本试卷8页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡上“条形码粘贴区”。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡，试题卷自行保存。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the chair made of
A. Wood. B. Metal. C. Plastic.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: This chair is unusual. Can you guess what material it is made of
M: Possibly a light metal.
W: No, a new kind of plastic.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the food in the restaurant
A. Boring. B. Special. C. Great.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: How was your first day here in the restaurant
M: Great. I’ve enjoyed it. But the food we serve seems a bit boring.
W: What food do you think people like to eat
M: Well, I can try one of my special meals if you like.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the man come from
A. New York. B. Washington. C. Los Angeles.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Where are you from, Karl New York or Los Angeles
M: I just told you yesterday, I’m from Washington, a city close to New York.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the next TV program
A. The news. B. A quiz show. C. A documentary about animals.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you know what’s on after the news Is it a quiz show
W: No, it’s a documentary about animals.
M: Oh, I like to watch programs about animals.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. At a coffee shop.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’d like to check out these four books, please. By the way, is there a nice coffee shop around here
M: Yes, there’s one right down the street. Well, I’d like to remind you that your books are due in two weeks and please return them in time.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers doing
A. Cooking. B. Working. C. Eating.
7. What was put on the man’s finger
A. Cream. B. Bandage. C. Ice.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Well, the salad’s almost ready. How’s the beef going I’m starving.
M: So am I. The beef looks just about ready. Just one minute. Wow!
W: What’s the matter
M: Oh! My finger! I have burned my finger!
W: That’s terrible! I’ll get some ice and put it on your finger.
M: OK!
W: There!
M: Ah... ah... much better. The ice really works.
W: How does it feel
M: Oh! I feel well now! Thanks! Let’s eat.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who does the book belong to
A. David. B. Mary. C. Nancy.
9. What can be known about the book
A. It sells very well.
B. It can be found in a few bookstores.
C. The book is aimed at students.
10. What will the woman do next
A. Look for the book in a bookstore.
B. Give Mary a call.
C. Bring the book right now.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you reading, David
M: The Hero Two Doors Down. I really love it.
W: Do you think I could borrow it when you’ve finished with it I’ve been looking all over for a copy, but apparently, it’s sold out at all the bookstores.
M: Oh, yeah. It’s been selling really well. But this copy isn’t mine. It belongs to Mary.
W: When do you think you’ll finish reading it
M: Tomorrow, I think.
W: So, I’ll call Mary and see what she says.
M: OK, Nancy. Let me know if she says yes so that I can give it to you as soon as I’m done.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the woman say about the ski place
A. The snow is not good. B. It’s very crowded. C. She’s been to the place twice.
12. What did the stupid skier do to the woman
A. He took a picture of her. B. He stole her new gloves. C. He drove her into a tree.
13. How can the woman recognize the stupid skier
A. By his clothing. B. By his crazy laugh. C. By his hair and eyes.
14. What is the end of the story
A. The speakers find they both like jazz.
B. The man seems to be the stupid skier.
C. The man will teach the woman to ski.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Whew! It’s pretty cold today. Miss, do you often ski here
W: No, this is my first time. Actually, this is my first time skiing ever.
M: How do you like it so far
W: The snow is great, but it’s too crowded. You know, two people crashed into me on my first run, and some stupid skier was going too fast and drove me into a tree. I crashed and lost my gloves.
M: Wow, did the skier stop and apologize
W: No, he just laughed at me. Humph! You just wait until I find that guy.
M: Uh, what are you going to do to him
W: First, I’m going to break his skis. And then I will take a picture of him and post it on Facebook.
M: But how are you going to identify him
W: Oh, that’s easy. He was wearing bright red boots and a purple hat, um…just like yours.
M: Wait, wait! What do you mean Why are you looking at me You don’t think it was me, do you Um... do you like jazz music
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. Where are the two speakers
A. In a car. B. In a train. C. In a bus.
16. What are the speakers talking about
A. A travel to a new city. B. A light rail train. C. A traffic accident.
17. Who operates the train
A. The man. B. The train itself. C. Operators.
【答案】15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Look out!
M: Don’t worry. That’s a new light rail train. The new light rail system shares the road with street traffic.
W: For a second, I thought our car was going to run into it.
M: Didn’t you see the operator seated at the front of the train She watches out for other drivers.
W: I didn’t know the train have operators. I thought they were automatic.
M: No. They’re not like some forms of rapid transit.
W: I see that the trains ride on tracks and are powered by overhead electric lines.
M: That’s right.
W: I’d like to have a try on the light rail train.
M: OK, I’ll take you to the nearest stop. There’s the platform over there.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. How old is the speaker now
A. 12 years old. B. 15 years old. C. 17 years old.
19. What did Lisa say when she was invited to a movie
A. She had to study.
B. She had watched the movie.
C. She had to see another friend.
20. What do we know about the woman and Lisa now
A. They hardly see each other.
B. They remain to be good friends.
C. They have fewer friends.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Lisa is my best friend. She moved to Chicago from London with her family at a very young age. We first met when we were both just five years old. Her family lived next to mine, and we became friends as soon as we knew each other. We went to the same kindergarten and always played together. Now twelve years has passed. We have been friends all these years and we are still neighbors. However, at the beginning of this year I found that Lisa didn’t hang out with me as much as before. When I asked her to hang out with me, she said she was busy. One day, I asked her to go to a movie with me, but she said she bad to study for an exam at home. However, later that day, I saw her walking on the street with another girl. I became angry, ran up to her and asked her why she lied to me. That night, Lisa apologized. She said she wanted to make more friends. She didn’t tell me the truth because she was afraid she’d break my heart. After knowing the reason, I told her it was alright. Everyone needs new friends. I have also made some new friends. Now Lisa and I are still good friends. But we both have more friends than before.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to American United Travel Company. We’ll help you spend a perfect holiday. For over 6 years, we have been organizing value for money summer holidays, whether it’s a late holiday deal or your main summer holiday. Whether you’re looking for a romantic getaway, a luxury 5-star holiday, or you just want to relax and soak up the sun, we’ve got access to the very best flight and hotel deals throughout the world. We are proud to offer you various services unlike other tour companies where we offer one-stop shop for complete tourism.
Our Services Include
Tours. Meet & Assist Services. Airport Transfer. MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conferences, Exhibitions) private Jets. Ground handling (24 hours) VIP services on arrival & departure. Adventure Tour.
Means of Transportation Reservations
We operate for all means of transportation available in the country, starting with buses for groups to car rental to individuals.
Guidance
We have the most qualified guides who speak French, English, German, Italian, and Spanish. We bank on their communication skills as well as their knowledge in various fields.
Fancy Dinners
We prepare outdoor dinners in particular places such as castles, beaches, old and traditional houses, etc. Usually, these dinners are arranged according to the clients’ choices.
Luggage Concierge
Don’t worry about luggage size and weight when travelling. Give your bags to Luggage Concierge in advance and they will be waiting for you at your destination when you arrive.
Call one of our experienced travel consultants on 18884700610 to secure one of these fantastic deals.
21. What is special about United Travel company
A. It provides one-stop complete tourism. B. It supplies the best flight and hotels.
C. It offers transfer service. D. Its guides speak various languages.
22. What can you do with your luggage before travelling
A. Send it to your destination directly. B. Carry it by yourself.
C. Keep it as light as possible. D. Hand it to Luggage Concierge.
23. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To diversify the economy. B. To attract tourists.
C. To conserve the environment. D. To entertain readers.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服务内容。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容“we are proud to offer you various services unlike other tour companies where we offer one-stop shop for complete tourism.”（我们很自豪地为您提供各种服务，不像其他旅游公司，我们提供一站式的完整旅游。）可知，与其他旅行公司不同，美国旅行公司提供一站式完整的旅游服务。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Luggage Concierge 中的内容“Give your bags to Luggage Concierge in advance and they will be waiting for you at your destination when you arrive.”（提前把你的行李交给行李礼宾部，当你到达目的地时，他们会在你的目的地等你。）可知，在旅游前，你可以把行李提前给行李部。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍了美国旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服务内容。故这篇文章的目的是在为美国旅游公司做广告宣传，旅游广告的目的是吸引游客。故选B。
B
Ever wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space Well, that is where my job as an instrument operation engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.
When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.
The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home—Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.
The high light of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.
My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.
24. Why did the author apply to MIT
A. She set this goal as a high-schooler. B. A summer program made her love MIT.
C. The majors in MIT interested her. D. Her mother urged her to go to MIT.
25. What does the author think of her occupation
A. She is proud to work for human well-being. B. It’s hard for a girl to have such a career.
C. She is annoyed by being misunderstood. D. It’s easy to predict what she does.
26. What does the author treasure most in the Cassini mission
A Breathtaking images of the planet. B. The opportunity to operate the cameras.
C. Its historic contributions. D. The team it brought together.
27. What can we include from the story
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Well begun is half done.
C. No way is impossible to courage. D. Time lost cannot be won again.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主题语境是人与自我。文章主要讲述了作者是一名工程师，工作包括规划、制作和操作飞行中的科学仪器。作者认为自己从事有益于人类的项目，感到感激和满足。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me.(在收到一封来自麻省理工学院的电子邮件后，在我妈妈的鼓励下，我决定申请他们提供的暑期项目。在参加了这个项目之后，我知道MIT是适合我的大学)”可知，作者申请麻省理工学院是因为一个暑期项目使她爱上了麻省理工学院。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity.(作为一名工程师,最令人兴奋和满足的部分是我能够从事有益于人类的项目)”以及“What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.(他们可能无法想象的是，研究我们自己的家园地球的大量工作正在进行。我很感激有这样一份工作，能让我承担起这样的责任)”可知，作者因为自己为了人类福祉的工作而自豪。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.(虽然卡西尼号将因其历史性贡献而被铭记，但我将铭记的是它所凝聚的团队)”可知，在卡西尼号任务中，作者最看重的是它所凝聚的团队。故选 D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all. (我意识到英雄故事的一个共同主题是，英雄必须总是做出选择，开始他们的冒险。如果你在自己的故事中因为害怕接下来可能发生的事情而不拿起剑，你就有可能根本没有故事)”可知，作者通过这篇文章阐述了要勇往直前，不要害怕冒险，因此推断我们能从这个故事中学到“勇者无惧”的道理。故选 C。
C
Listening to an audiobook (有声书) before bed affects a person’s brain activity after they nod off as well as the content of their dreams.
Better understanding this effect could help treat certain mental health conditions by targeting memory processing during sleep. When we sleep, our brain spontaneously (自发地) “replays”, or reactivates patterns of electrical activity that are related to learning to transfer important new information to long-term memory storage. It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivation, but exactly how is unclear.
To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep. These included The Mystery of the Blue Train by Agatha Christie and Inkheart by Cornelia Funke.
Among the participants who remembered their dreams, the researchers could identify which audiobook each had heard from their descriptions of the dreams. While the participants slept, the researchers also used an EEG (脑电图) cap that detects electrical activity to record their brain waves. This showed that the wave patterns during the rapid eye movement phase of sleep, when dreams occurred, were more similar between those who had heard the same audiobook than those who had heard different ones, suggesting that the listening experience shaped the brain activity.
Further analysis of the patterns revealed that high-frequency beta waves — between 18 and 30hertz — were most strongly associated with the participants recalling the audiobook-related content of their dreams. The findings suggest that daily life experiences can shape dream content via memory reactivation, according to the researchers. But while dreaming may serve a distinct purpose in memory formation, it could also be a by-product of memory processing.
“Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced, but are almost always modified or surface in different contexts,” says Kumral. “Individuals with certain psychological conditions or mental problems might benefit from tailored strategies that enhance memory processing or treat disorders of dreaming during sleep, potentially contributing to improved mental and emotional health.”
28. What did the researchers ask the participants to do
A. Record their dreams every night. B. Listen to audiobooks during the day.
C. Listen to audiobooks just before sleep. D. Wear an EEG cap during the day.
29. Why did Deniz Kumral and her colleagues do the research
A. To know how people process information.
B. To find out the contents of people’s dreams.
C. To reveal the secret of improving people’s memory.
D. To investigate how dreams replay patterns of electrical activity.
30. What does the underlined word “modified” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Changed. B. Stored C. Strengthened. D. Forgotten.
31. What is the best title of the text
A. Listening experiences influencing brain activity
B. Listening to audiobooks before bed shaping one’s dream
C. The importance of dreams in memory formation
D. Integration of daily experiences into dreams
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡前听有声书会影响人在入睡后的大脑活动以及梦的内容。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep.(为了进行调查，德国弗赖堡大学的丹尼斯·库姆拉尔和她的同事们让20个人在睡觉前听不同的有声读物)”可知，研究人员要求参与者在睡前听不同的有声读物。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“When we sleep, our brain spontaneously (自发地) “replays”, or reactivates patterns of electrical activity that are related to learning to transfer important new information to long-term memory storage. It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivation, but exactly how is unclear.(当我们睡觉时，我们的大脑会自发地“重放”，或者重新激活与学习有关的脑电活动模式，将重要的新信息转移到长期记忆存储中。有人认为，梦可能反映了这种重新激活，但具体是如何反应的还不清楚)”以及第三段“To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep.(为了进行调查，德国弗赖堡大学的丹尼斯·库姆拉尔和她的同事们让20个人在睡觉前听不同的有声读物)”可推知，该研究是为了调查梦是如何重现脑电波活动模式的。故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子的前半句话“Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced(白天的经历很少作为经历被重播)”以及“or surface in different contexts(不同的环境中出现)”可知，白天的经历很少在梦境中被回放，但是总是在不同的环境中被修改或者出现。所以划线单词的意思为“修改，改变”，与changed意思接近。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Listening to an audiobook (有声书) before bed affects a person’s brain activity after they nod off as well as the content of their dreams.(睡前听有声书会影响人在打盹后的大脑活动以及梦的内容)”以及全文可知，本文讲述了睡前听有声书会影响人在入睡后的大脑活动以及梦的内容。由此可知，Listening to audiobooks before bed shaping one’s dream(睡前听有声读物塑造一个人的梦)适合作本文的标题。故选B。
D
Some people worry that there’s too much technology in our lives. And they may have a point, given how countless people now carry the internet around in their pocket and use it as a primary form of communication. It’s practically difficult to shun technology in our world. There are computer microchips (微芯片) in our watches, our cars, light switches, even our pets! Where will it end
Well, if certain people have their way, it’ll go even further. We’ll have microchips implanted (植入) into our brains that can interact with the computers by thought alone. It may sound like something from the science fiction, but in many ways, things look quite promising. Thanks to the ability to send and receive information remotely via computers, microchips and other related devices have long been put into brains.
For example, electrodes have been implanted in the brains of epilepsy patients to better record and even predict the abnormal neurological activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulation, through implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regions, is an established treatment for things like Parkinson’s disease, and is even being looked into for illnesses like depression.
However, it’s another thing to place such devices in healthy individuals. There are the practical concerns, not least of which is what these chips will be made of. The inside of the brain is a mass of highly reactive chemicals and electrical activity. Implants would need to be inert (静止的) enough to not upset the delicate processes by their presence, but also sensitive enough to read and process the activity around them. Current technology has made impressive progress with this, but if it were to be rolled out to millions of people, we’d need to be 100 per cent certain that it’s safe.
How many people will actually want to have technology literally put into their brain A surprising 60 per cent of Americans say they’d be okay with it, but that’s when it’s purely theoretical. In reality, the possibility of having strangers stick chips in your brain is likely to prove unattractive, especially for a population where millions get mad at fictional microchips in vaccines (疫苗), and even more are frightened of dentists.
Ultimately, the technology of computer-brain interface (接口) implants is still far away from us.
32. What’s the function of the first paragraph
A. A summary of the article. B. An introduction to the main topic.
C. An overview of the whole article. D. An argument over the main topic.
33. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 3
A. The process of human-computer interaction.
B. The possible treatment for particular diseases.
C. The future of microchips and devices alike.
D. The existing application of microchip implants.
34. How may most Americans react to implanting chips in the brain in reality
A. They may reject it. B. They may expect it.
C. They may adjust to it. D. They may feel curious about it.
35. Which word can best describe the technology of computer-brain interface implants
A. Imaginary. B. Practical. C. Unfulfilled. D. Impossible.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。在我们的世界里，几乎很难避开科技。我们的手表、汽车、电灯开关，甚至我们的宠物里都有计算机微芯片。文章主要探讨了将微芯片植入人类大脑的可能性。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There are computer microchips (微芯片) in our watches, our cars, light switches, even our pets!(我们的手表，汽车，电灯开关，甚至我们的宠物里都有电脑芯片!)”提到电脑芯片在人们日常生活中已经是普遍存在，从这些事实引发思考：“Where will it end (它将在哪里结束？)”从而引出本文的话题：将微芯片植入人类大脑的可能性。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thanks to the ability to send and receive information remotely via computers microchips and other related devices have long been put into brains. (由于能够通过计算机远程发送和接收信息，微芯片和其他相关设备早已被植入大脑)”和第三段“For example, electrodes have been implanted in the brains of epilepsy patients to better record and even predict the abnormal neurological activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulation, through implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regions, is an established treatment for things like Parkinson’s disease, and is even being looked into for illnesses like depression.(例如，电极已经植入癫痫患者的大脑，以便更好地记录甚至预测异常的神经活动。类似地，通过植入设备引起大脑关键区域活动的深部脑刺激，是治疗帕金森氏症等疾病的既定方法，甚至正在研究治疗抑郁症等疾病)”可推知，作者想通过例子说明微芯片植入的现有应用。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In reality, the possibility of having strangers stick chips in your brain is likely to prove unattractive, especially for a population where millions get mad at fictional microchips in vaccines (疫苗), and even more are frightened of dentists.(事实上，让陌生人在你的大脑里植入芯片的可能性很可能被证明是没有吸引力的，尤其是对于一个数百万人对疫苗中虚构的微芯片感到愤怒的人群，对于害怕牙医的人群来说更多)”可知，在现实中，大多数美国人可能会拒绝对在大脑中植入芯片。故选A。
35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ultimately, the technology of computer-brain interface (接口) implants is still far away from us.(最终，计算机与大脑接口植入技术离我们还很遥远)”可推知，计算机与大脑接口植入技术还未实现。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Road systems are necessary for public transport. Street network is indeed convenient for humans. But roads and highways have done more harm than good to animals. Every week, millions of wild animals die from vehicle collisions (碰撞). Despite the numerous road signs, the increasing number of animal roadkills keeps on increasing each year. Ever since road systems were constructed, animals have been exposed to danger from moving from one place to another. ___36___
Wildlife crossings are in the form of bridges, overpasses and underpass tunnels. ___37___ With these safe routes, wild animals won’t have to access the busy roads and highways anymore. They can safely cross over or under these structures to move on to their path.
The first wildlife crossing ever made was in the form of bridges for animals. In the 1950’s,France constructed several animal bridges to protect both animals and humans from vehicle collisions. ___38___ Apart from France, the Netherlands also features 600 overpasses and ecoducts (生态通道) for deer, boars, and badgers. As a matter of fact, the Netherlands takes pride in having the longest wildlife overpass in the world. The Natuurbrug Zanderij Crailoo stretches 800 meters in length, overpassing the massive N525 roadway and nearby rail lines.
___39___ There could be a few unintended consequences of the wildlife crossings based on their design. The bridges can increase the spread of invasive(入侵的) species, for example. Predation (捕食) rates could increase as the predators can easily hunt down the prey (捕获物) through the bridges.
However, the importance of ecological crossings cannot be denied. Regardless of the negative impacts, they play a vital role in the preservation and restoration of habitat and species. ___40___
A. Diseases may also use the crossings to spread.
B. The wildlife bridges can have negative results as well.
C. Europe surely leads the way in terms of wildlife bridges.
D. These crossings are used by an increasing number of mammals.
E. These structures provide safe passageways for passing animals.
F. More ecoducts should be built to provide a safe space for the species.
G. For this reason, wildlife bridges are built to allow wild animals to cross man-made roads safely.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. C 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为保护动物而建立起的许多生态通道，如动物桥梁等，以及它们的优缺点。
【36题详解】
本句位于段尾，是本段的结论句，同时承上启下。上文“Ever since road systems were constructed, animals have been exposed to danger from moving from one place to another. (自从道路系统建成以来，动物们就会因为从一个地方移动到另一个地方而面临危险。)”指出，为了保护动物安全，建造野生动物桥很有必要。下文“Wildlife crossings are in the form of bridges overpasses and underpass tunnels.(野生动物道口的形式是桥梁、立交桥和地下通道、隧道) ”。选项G“For this reason, wildlife bridges are built to allow wild animals to cross man-made roads safely.(因此，建造野生动物桥是为了让野生动物能够安全地穿越人造道路。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选G项。
【37题详解】
上文“Wildlife crossings are in the form of bridges overpasses and underpass tunnels.(野生动物过境点采用桥梁、立交桥和地下通道隧道的形式。)”指出桥梁、立交桥和地下通道隧道被使用。选项E“These structures provide safe passageways for passing animals.(这些结构为过往动物提供了安全通道。)”指出结构为过往动物提供了安全通道，这是对上文这些形式的评价，符合语境。故选 E 项。
【38题详解】
上文“In the 1950’s, France constructed several animal bridges to protect both animals and humans from vehicle collisions. (20世纪50年代，法国建造了几座动物桥，以保护动物和人类免受车辆碰撞。)”指出法国很久之前就建造了动物桥，保护动物。下文“Apart from France, the Netherlands also features 600 overpasses and ecoducts (生态通道) for deer, boars, and badgers.(除了法国，荷兰还有600座立交桥和生态通道用于鹿、野猪和獾。)”指出其他欧洲国家也在努力做这件事。选项C“Europe surely leads the way in terms of wildlife bridges. (欧洲在野生动物桥梁方面无疑处于领先地位。)”与上下文逻辑一致，也是在介绍欧洲在这一方面的出色表现，符合语境。故选C项。
【39题详解】
下文“There could be a few unintended consequences of the wildlife crossings based on their design. The bridges can increase the spread of invasive species, for example. (根据野生动物过境点的设计，可能会产生一些意想不到的后果。例如，这些桥梁可以增加入侵物种的传播。)”指出这些过境点的设计也有坏处，如增加入侵物种的传播。选项B“The wildlife bridges can have negative results as well.(野生动物桥梁也可能产生负面影响。)”指出动物桥梁可能产生负面影响，这能引出下文，符合语境。故选B项。
40题详解】
上文“Regardless of the negative impacts, they play a vital role in the preservation and restoration of habitat and species.(不管负面影响如何，它们在保护和恢复栖息地和物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”指出这些动物桥梁，过境点发挥着重要作用。选项F“More ecoducts should be built to provide a safe space for the species.(应该建造更多的生态通道，为物种提供一个安全的空间。)”指出要更多建造这种生态通道，所以这是上文“这些动物桥梁，过境点发挥着重要作用”导致的结果，符合语境。故选 F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chris Smith looked like any other young boy in his class except for the constant evictions (驱赶), and eventually being homeless.
Chris’ father was reckless (鲁莽的) with finances and ___41___ in business. His mother tried her best to run the home until Chris’ little brother drowned, then his father went to prison, and finally the family ___42___.
“My mom shut down ___43___. Everything got worse,” Chris remembers. Then she was gone and ran away from home without telling Chris. He did the ___44___ he could, sleeping on his newly married sister’s sofa. “They didn’t have much money, and I know it was a ___45___ to take me in at 17 years old, I was going to ___46___ from school and make it on my own.”
But Chris’ history teacher had different ideas. When Chris’ ___47___ began to go down, she ___48___ him. “You’re the smartest kid in the class,” she told him, “If you don’t graduate, you’re going to ___49___ it.”
“School was my safe place.” Chris says. School also ____50____ him heat and food. It became the closest thing to home he could find, ____51____ to his father’s old truck that became his bed and his study space.
When ____52____ came, Chris earned a full scholarship to college and graduated in the top 10 of his class. When it’s time to apply for medical residencies (住院医生), Chris set his ____53____ high. He applied for residencies around the ____54____ and included the No. 1 program in the nation: Johns Hopkins. And then the letter came. Chris was in.
“I didn’t really think I had a chance. But I had learned to ____55____ everything my best shot. Life is never fair. But if you don’t give up, you will give yourself a better chance to make it.” Chris says.
41. A. dishonest B. respectable C. worthy D. honest
42. A. pulled apart B. set apart C. fell apart D. fell behind
43. A. cautiously B. emotionally C. physically D. happily
44 A. least B. most C. worst D. best
45. A. profit B. burden C. wealth D. treasure
46. A. cut out B. pick out C. drop out D. drop off
47. A. spirit B. health C. emotion D. study
48. A. blamed B. cornered C. stopped D. praised
49. A. regret B. appreciate C. protest D. complain
50. A. provided B. offered C. awarded D. helped
51. A. committed B. related C. compared D. devoted
52. A. competition B. celebration C. completion D. graduation
53. A. scenes B. spots C. views D. sights
54. A. country B. city C. world D. college
55. A. give B. target C. achieve D. obtain
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. D 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chris Smith的成长经历和成功故事，展现了Chris在逆境中不屈不挠、努力奋斗的精神，同时也传达了积极向上、永不放弃的正能量。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Chris的父亲在财务上很鲁莽，做生意也不诚实。A. dishonest不诚实的；B. respectable值得尊重的；C. worthy值得的；D. honest诚实的。根据下文“then his father went to prison”可知，Chris的爸爸做生意不诚实，所以才会入狱。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的母亲竭尽全力经营这个家，直到Chris的弟弟淹死，然后他的父亲进了监狱，最后这个家庭破裂了。A. pulled apart把……分开/拉开；B. set apart使与众不同；C. fell apart崩溃、瓦解；D. fell behind落后。根据上文“His mother tried her best to run the home until Chris’ little brother drowned, then his father went to prison”可推测，Chris的母亲一直在努力维持这个家，而小儿子去世，丈夫入狱，所以这个家破裂了。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈情绪崩溃了。一切都变得更糟了，” Chris回忆道。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. emotionally感情上地，情绪上；C. physically身体上地；D. happily开心地。根据上文可知，Chris的妈妈一直在维系这个家，然而小儿子去世以及丈夫坐牢最终压垮了Chris的妈妈，由此可知，他的妈妈是情绪上崩溃了。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他尽了最大的努力，睡在新婚姐姐家的沙发上。A. least最少；B. most最多；C. worst最糟糕；D. best最好。根据下文可知，Chris向姐姐求助，所以他是在尽全力生活下去。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们没有多少钱，我知道在我17岁的时候收留我是一种负担，我打算辍学，自己谋生。”A. profit利润；B. burden负担；C. wealth财富；D. treasure财富。根据下文“I was going to ___6___ from school and make it on my own.”、句中“ They didn’t have much money”以及“to take me in at 17 years old”可推断，Chris知道让姐姐收留自己，对姐姐而言也是负担。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“他们没有多少钱，我知道在我17岁的时候收留我是一种负担，我打算辍学，自己谋生。”A. cut out切断；B. pick out挑出、辨认出；C. drop out退出，辍学；D. drop off减弱、让……下车。根据下文“If you don’t graduate, you’re going to ___9___ it.”以及空后的“make it on my own”可推测，Chris是有了辍学的想法。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Chris的学习开始下滑时，她找他谈话。A. spirit精神；B. health健康；C. emotion情感；D. study学习。根据空后“began to go down”以及下文“ If you don’t graduate, you’re going to ___9___ it.”可知，Chris学习开始下滑，老师找他谈话。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Chris的学习开始下滑时，她找他谈话。A. blamed责备；B. cornered将……逼入困境，强求与……面谈；C. stopped停止；D. praised表扬。根据空后“‘You’re the smartest kid in the class,’ she told him, ‘If you don’t graduate, you’re going to ___9___ it.’”可知，老师是找Chris谈话。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你是班上最聪明的孩子，”她告诉他，“如果你不毕业，你会后悔的。”A. regret遗憾、后悔；B. appreciate感激；C. protest抗议；D. complain抱怨。根据上文“You’re the smartest kid in the class”以及从句“If you don’t graduate,”可推测，老师认为Chris很聪明，所以如果现不能毕业，以后会很后悔。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校还为他提供暖气和食物。A. provided提供；B. offered主动提出，提供；C. awarded授予；D. helped帮助。根据空后的“him heat and food”以及下文“It became the closest thing to home he could find”可知，学校对Chris而言更像家，所以可判断，学校为他提供了暖气和食物；考查短语：offer sb. sth，符合句意。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与成了他的床和学习空间的父亲的旧卡车相比，这是他能找到的最接近家的东西。A. committed犯罪、承诺；B. related叙述、使有联系；C. compared比较；D. devoted投入。根据下文“his father’s old truck that became his bed and his study space.”可知，与父亲的旧卡车相比，学校对于他而言更像家。考查短语：compared to，意为“与……相比”，符合句意。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业时，Chris获得了大学的全额奖学金，并以班级前10名的成绩毕业。A. competition竞赛；B. celebration庆祝；C. completion完成；D. graduation毕业。根据下文“Chris earned a full scholarship to college and graduated in the top 10 of his class.”可知，空处指的是毕业的时候，他获得了全额奖学金且成绩优异。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了申请住院医师的时候，Chris把自己的目标定得很高。A. scenes场景；B. spots地点；C. views观点；D. sights视线、景物。根据下文“included the No. 1 program in the nation: Johns Hopkins.”可知，Chris把自己的目标定得很高，set one’s sights“定目标”符合语境。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他申请了全国各地的住院医师，包括全国排名第一的：约翰霍普金斯大学。A. country国家；B. city城市；C. world世界；D. college学院。根据上文“When it’s time to apply for medical residencies(住院医生), Chris set his ___13___ high.”以及下文的“included the No. 1 program in the nation: Johns Hopkins.”可知，他申请了全国各地的住院医师。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我真的不认为我有机会。但我已经学会了全力以赴。生活从来就不公平。但如果你不放弃，你会给自己一个更好的机会。” Chris说。A. give给；B. target把……当做目标；C. achieve实现；D. obtain获得。根据全文内容可知，Chris家庭不幸，但是他从未放弃，拼尽全力学习，并最终取得成功。故选A。
第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatable Brick Beds Warm NE China Homes
In northeast China’s chilly winter, getting into a warm bed is made possible by an ancient heatable brick bed that could date back more than two thousand years ___56___ is still widely used today. These beds not only bring warmth to local residents, but also continue the folk culture of northeast China.
The bed is made of bricks or other forms of fired clay with ___57___width of about1.7m to 2.3 m and a length that can be determined according to the length of the bedroom. It uses a ducted heating system similar to the Roman hypocaust, ___58___(compose) of a stove, a bed and a chimney. The stove ___59___(use) to burn firewood. Smoke and heat generated by burning firewood pass through an internal hollow and curved flue system to heat the bed above. Smoke is eventually discharged outward through the chimney. The bed retains heat well, ___60___enables people ___61___(have) a comfortable sleeping environment in the cold winter. In addition, ___62___(sleep) on the heatable brick bed for a prolonged period is good for the blood ___63___(circulate) and metabolism of the body, and can relieve some diseases such as arthritis and waist and leg pain.
The heatable brick bed is not only used as a bed, but also a living area for the family. People ___64___(routine) have their meals and family ____65____(gathering) on the bed in cold winters. The bed is a symbol of home that embodies the emotion and love they feel towards their families.
【答案】56. and
57. a posed
59. is used
60. which 61. to have
62. sleeping
63. circulation
64. routinely
65. gatherings
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍中国东北火炕的历史、构造、功能等。它不仅给当地居民带来了温暖，而且延续了中国东北的文化。
【56题详解】
考查连词。句意：在中国东北寒冷的冬天里，一张古老的可加热的火炕使人们躺在温暖的炕上成为可能，这种火炕有2000多年的历史且今天仍被广泛使用。that引导定语从句，从句中谓语“could date back…”与“is still widely used today”并列，故填and。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种火炕是由砖或其它形式的烧制陶土做成的，宽度为1.7米到2.3米，长度则根据房间的长度来确定。a width of是固定搭配，意为“宽度为”，故填a。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它使用类似于罗马人的地暖火坑那样的管道加热系统，由一个火炉，一张床和一个烟囱组成。“be composed of”意为“由……组成”，此处省略be，用过去分词做后置定语，故填composed。
【59题详解】
考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：这种炉子被用来燃烧柴火。分析句子成分可知该句缺谓语，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，且主语stove与谓语use是被动关系，主语为单数，故填is used。
60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种火炕保温性能好，这使人们在寒冷的冬天有一个舒适的睡眠环境。该空前是一个完整的句子，且有逗号隔开，由此分析可知后面是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系代词在从句中做主语，故填which。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能做某事”，不定式在句中做宾语补足语，故填to have。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除此之外，长期睡在可加热的火炕上对血液循环和身体的新陈代谢有好处，能减少疾病，如：关节炎，腰疼和腿疼。分析句子结构可知，该句缺主语，动名词做主语表示习惯性、经常行的动作，故填sleeping。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处需用名词作宾语，circulation“循环”，不可数，故填circulation。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：在寒冷的冬天里，人们通常在火炕上吃饭和家庭聚会。分析句子结构可知，此处需要用副词做状语修饰谓语动词have，故填routinely。
【65题详解】
考查名词的单复数。句意同上。gathering是可数名词，设空处和前面的名词meals 构成并列关系，用复数形式，故填gatherings.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，得知当地民俗博物馆正在招聘英文志愿者，你很感兴趣。请写一封申请信，
内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear sir,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to apply for a volunteer position for Folk Museum this summer.
I am enthusiastic about various types of Chinese traditional folk customs. It’s my dream to spend a whole summer vacation in a museum, appreciating the treasure of traditional art, and the history of Chinese folk customs. Besides, I am outgoing, responsible and have a good command of communication, which will help me to introduce the beautiful history to the customers. With a willing heart to help, I can surely do my duty.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给当地民俗博物馆写一封信，申请成为该馆的英文志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
职位：position→post
帮助：help→assist
考虑：consider→take...into consideration
回复：reply→answer
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：Besides, I am outgoing, responsible and have a good command of communication.
拓展句：Besides, not only am I outgoing and responsible, but also I have a good command of communication.
【点睛】[高分句型1]It’s my dream to spend a whole summer vacation in a museum, appreciating the treasure of traditional art, and the history of Chinese folk customs.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.（运用了固定句型I would appreciate it if...）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was an extremely shy girl in primary school and couldn’t make friends easily. My teacher, Mr. Doocy, called my mother and explained that I hadn’t spoken a single word in class. And we were more than half way through the school year. Even as a little girl, I knew this was unusual. I watched the free and happy interaction of my classmates with envy.
Mom tried to excuse my behavior as something that I would outgrow. But Mr. Doocy was still quite concerned about me. He asked Mom if I had something at home that I liked. He said he would arrange a show-and-tell activity for the class if I brought it to school. My mom told him about my cat who had given birth to several baby cats about three weeks earlier. I was crazy about those baby cats.
Then Mr. Doocy suggested I bring the baby cats to school the next day and introduce them to my classmates. It seemed that Mom didn’t think this show-and-tell activity would help me and hoped to discourage Mr. Doocy. She explained that I would have to bring the mother cat along with the six baby cats because they were too young to be separated from their mother. She probably thought this would put an end to the plan. But Mr. Doocy said that was fine.
I normally walked to school, but my mother drove me the next morning along with a big brown cardboard box. I struggled to walk toward the classroom with the heavy load. In no time, the group of baby cats caught the attention of my classmates. Their eyes lit up in wonder when they caught sight of my tiny treasures. My heart beat quickly against my chest as pride swelled within me. I had never felt so important in my entire nine years of life!
Mr. Doocy instructed me to sit on the steps outside the classroom so everyone could get a good look inside the container. “Can I hold one ” a little girl asked aloud with excitement. Then all the other children chimed in like a choir, begging to hold one of the baby cats.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I nodded and said, “Yes.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everyone sitting in the classroom, Mr. Doocy invited me to say something about my cats.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I nodded and said, “Yes.” Then I, with great caution, handed the baby cats one by one to my expectant and excited classmates. They gently held kittens in turn cautiously, as if they were holding the most delicate find art in the world, petting them gently and observing them. Soon, the school bell rang. But all of us turned a deaf ear to it and no one moved or wanted to enter the classroom, even Mr. Doocy! He allowed us to sit there until each student had a turn holding the cats. Then, he walked me to the front of the classroom and waited for the students to come in and sit down. Still excited, my classmates like chirping birds were exchanging ideas about the lovely kittens until Mr. Doocy hushed them.
With everyone sitting in the classroom, Mr. Doocy invited me to say something about my cats. Standing in front of the class, I really had butterflies in my stomach, palms sweaty, no knowing where to start. Mr. Doocy began to ask some questions and I began to tell how the mother cat loved and looked after her babies, what kind of “home” I designed for them, etc. My classmates were all staring at me and listening attentively, dancing in their eyes were the admiration that I had never expected. A surge of pride and confidence rose inside me, I raised my voice. After that class, I proudly sat among my classmates with a new sense of achievement. And my interaction with other kids increased. How much I appreciated the help of Mr. Doocy and my lovely cats! But for them, I would probably still be that inordinately shy girl I used to be.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在小学的时候非常害羞，不容易交朋友。学年已经过去一半多了，但是作者在课堂上没有说过话，于是Doocy老师打电话给作者的妈妈，想要解决这个问题。他建议作者把自己非常喜欢的小猫带到学校，把它们介绍给同学，虽然作者的妈妈并不看好这个计划，但是Doocy老师觉得可行。第二天作者用大纸板箱把小猫们带到了学校，立刻引起了同学们的注意，作者因为被重视而激动不已，这时一个小女孩提出想要抱小猫，其他孩子也附和起来。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我点点头说，‘可以。’”可知，第一段可描写孩子们轮流抱小猫，以及抱完小猫后热烈地讨论。
②由第二段首句内容“每个人都坐在教室里，Doocy老师邀请我说一些关于我的猫的事情。”可知，第二段可描写作者克服紧张讲述猫的事情，以及逐渐开始和同学们交流。
2. 续写线索：点头同意——轮流抱猫——热烈讨论——邀请作者谈谈猫的事情——讲述猫的事情——增加交流
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①进入：enter/walk into
②交流：exchange/swap
③开始：start/begin/commence
④照顾：look after/take care of
⑤盯着看：stare at/look at/direct one’s gaze towards
⑥预料：expect/anticipate
情绪类
①兴奋的：excited/thrilled
②钦佩：admiration/appreciation
【点睛】[高分句型1] They gently held kittens in turn cautiously, as if they were holding the most delicate find art in the world, petting them gently and observing them. (运用as if引导方式状语从句)
[高分句型2] Mr. Doocy began to ask some questions and I began to tell how the mother cat loved and looked after her babies, what kind of “home” I designed for them, etc. (how引导名词性从句作tell的宾语)
[高分句型3] My classmates were all staring at me and listening attentively, dancing in their eyes were the admiration that I had never expected. (that引导限制性定语从句)2024年邵阳市高三第一次联考试题卷
英语
本试卷8页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡上“条形码粘贴区”。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡，试题卷自行保存。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the chair made of
A. Wood. B. Metal. C. Plastic.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of the food in the restaurant
A. Boring. B. Special. C. Great.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the man come from
A. New York. B. Washington. C. Los Angeles.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the next TV program
A. The news. B. A quiz show. C. A documentary about animals.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. At a coffee shop.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers doing
A. Cooking. B. Working. C. Eating.
7. What was put on the man’s finger
A. Cream. B. Bandage. C. Ice.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Who does the book belong to
A. David. B. Mary. C. Nancy.
9. What can be known about the book
A. It sells very well.
B. It can be found in a few bookstores.
C. The book is aimed at students.
10. What will the woman do next
A. Look for the book in a bookstore.
B. Give Mary a call.
C. Bring the book right now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the woman say about the ski place
A. The snow is not good. B. It’s very crowded. C. She’s been to the place twice.
12. What did the stupid skier do to the woman
A. He took a picture of her. B. He stole her new gloves. C. He drove her into a tree.
13. How can the woman recognize the stupid skier
A. By his clothing. B. By his crazy laugh. C. By his hair and eyes.
14. What is the end of the story
A. The speakers find they both like jazz.
B. The man seems to be the stupid skier.
C. The man will teach the woman to ski.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15 Where are the two speakers
A. In a car. B. In a train. C. In a bus.
16. What are the speakers talking about
A. A travel to a new city. B. A light rail train. C. A traffic accident.
17 Who operates the train
A. The man. B. The train itself. C. Operators.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. How old is the speaker now
A. 12 years old. B. 15 years old. C. 17 years old.
19. What did Lisa say when she was invited to a movie
A. She had to study.
B. She had watched the movie.
C. She had to see another friend.
20. What do we know about the woman and Lisa now
A. They hardly see each other.
B. They remain to be good friends.
C. They have fewer friends.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to American United Travel Company. We’ll help you spend a perfect holiday. For over 6 years, we have been organizing value for money summer holidays, whether it’s a late holiday deal or your main summer holiday. Whether you’re looking for a romantic getaway, a luxury 5-star holiday, or you just want to relax and soak up the sun, we’ve got access to the very best flight and hotel deals throughout the world. We are proud to offer you various services unlike other tour companies where we offer one-stop shop for complete tourism.
Our Services Include
Tours. Meet & Assist Services. Airport Transfer. MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conferences, Exhibitions) private Jets. Ground handling (24 hours) VIP services on arrival & departure. Adventure Tour.
Means of Transportation Reservations
We operate for all means of transportation available in the country, starting with buses for groups to car rental to individuals.
Guidance
We have the most qualified guides who speak French, English, German, Italian, and Spanish. We bank on their communication skills as well as their knowledge in various fields.
Fancy Dinners
We prepare outdoor dinners in particular places such as castles, beaches, old and traditional houses, etc. Usually, these dinners are arranged according to the clients’ choices.
Luggage Concierge
Don’t worry about luggage size and weight when travelling. Give your bags to Luggage Concierge in advance and they will be waiting for you at your destination when you arrive.
Call one of our experienced travel consultants on 18884700610 to secure one of these fantastic deals.
21. What is special about United Travel company
A. It provides one-stop complete tourism. B. It supplies the best flight and hotels.
C. It offers transfer service. D. Its guides speak various languages.
22. What can you do with your luggage before travelling
A. Send it to your destination directly. B. Carry it by yourself.
C. Keep it as light as possible. D. Hand it to Luggage Concierge.
23. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To diversify the economy. B. To attract tourists.
C. To conserve the environment. D. To entertain readers.
B
Ever wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space Well, that is where my job as an instrument operation engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.
When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.
The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home—Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.
The high light of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.
My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.
24. Why did the author apply to MIT
A. She set this goal as a high-schooler. B. A summer program made her love MIT.
C. The majors in MIT interested her. D. Her mother urged her to go to MIT.
25. What does the author think of her occupation
A. She is proud to work for human well-being. B. It’s hard for a girl to have such a career.
C. She is annoyed by being misunderstood. D. It’s easy to predict what she does.
26. What does the author treasure most in the Cassini mission
A. Breathtaking images of the planet. B. The opportunity to operate the cameras.
C. Its historic contributions. D. The team it brought together.
27. What can we include from the story
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Well begun is half done.
C. No way is impossible to courage. D. Time lost cannot be won again.
C
Listening to an audiobook (有声书) before bed affects a person’s brain activity after they nod off as well as the content of their dreams.
Better understanding this effect could help treat certain mental health conditions by targeting memory processing during sleep. When we sleep, our brain spontaneously (自发地) “replays”, or reactivates patterns of electrical activity that are related to learning to transfer important new information to long-term memory storage. It has been suggested that dreams may reflect this reactivation, but exactly how is unclear.
To investigate, Deniz Kumral at the University of Freiburg, Germany, and her colleagues asked 20 people to listen to different audiobooks just before they went to sleep. These included The Mystery of the Blue Train by Agatha Christie and Inkheart by Cornelia Funke.
Among the participants who remembered their dreams, the researchers could identify which audiobook each had heard from their descriptions of the dreams. While the participants slept, the researchers also used an EEG (脑电图) cap that detects electrical activity to record their brain waves. This showed that the wave patterns during the rapid eye movement phase of sleep, when dreams occurred, were more similar between those who had heard the same audiobook than those who had heard different ones, suggesting that the listening experience shaped the brain activity.
Further analysis of the patterns revealed that high-frequency beta waves — between 18 and 30hertz — were most strongly associated with the participants recalling the audiobook-related content of their dreams. The findings suggest that daily life experiences can shape dream content via memory reactivation, according to the researchers. But while dreaming may serve a distinct purpose in memory formation, it could also be a by-product of memory processing.
“Daytime experiences are rarely replayed as experienced, but are almost always modified or surface in different contexts,” says Kumral. “Individuals with certain psychological conditions or mental problems might benefit from tailored strategies that enhance memory processing or treat disorders of dreaming during sleep, potentially contributing to improved mental and emotional health.”
28 What did the researchers ask the participants to do
A. Record their dreams every night. B. Listen to audiobooks during the day.
C. Listen to audiobooks just before sleep. D. Wear an EEG cap during the day.
29. Why did Deniz Kumral and her colleagues do the research
A. To know how people process information.
B. To find out the contents of people’s dreams.
C. To reveal the secret of improving people’s memory.
D. To investigate how dreams replay patterns of electrical activity.
30. What does the underlined word “modified” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Changed. B. Stored C. Strengthened. D. Forgotten.
31. What is the best title of the text
A Listening experiences influencing brain activity
B. Listening to audiobooks before bed shaping one’s dream
C. The importance of dreams in memory formation
D. Integration of daily experiences into dreams
D
Some people worry that there’s too much technology in our lives. And they may have a point, given how countless people now carry the internet around in their pocket and use it as a primary form of communication. It’s practically difficult to shun technology in our world. There are computer microchips (微芯片) in our watches, our cars, light switches, even our pets! Where will it end
Well, if certain people have their way, it’ll go even further. We’ll have microchips implanted (植入) into our brains that can interact with the computers by thought alone. It may sound like something from the science fiction, but in many ways, things look quite promising. Thanks to the ability to send and receive information remotely via computers, microchips and other related devices have long been put into brains.
For example, electrodes have been implanted in the brains of epilepsy patients to better record and even predict the abnormal neurological activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulation, through implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regions, is an established treatment for things like Parkinson’s disease, and is even being looked into for illnesses like depression.
However, it’s another thing to place such devices in healthy individuals. There are the practical concerns, not least of which is what these chips will be made of. The inside of the brain is a mass of highly reactive chemicals and electrical activity. Implants would need to be inert (静止的) enough to not upset the delicate processes by their presence, but also sensitive enough to read and process the activity around them. Current technology has made impressive progress with this, but if it were to be rolled out to millions of people, we’d need to be 100 per cent certain that it’s safe.
How many people will actually want to have technology literally put into their brain A surprising 60 per cent of Americans say they’d be okay with it, but that’s when it’s purely theoretical. In reality, the possibility of having strangers stick chips in your brain is likely to prove unattractive, especially for a population where millions get mad at fictional microchips in vaccines (疫苗), and even more are frightened of dentists.
Ultimately, the technology of computer-brain interface (接口) implants is still far away from us.
32. What’s the function of the first paragraph
A. A summary of the article. B. An introduction to the main topic.
C. An overview of the whole article. D. An argument over the main topic.
33. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 3
A. The process of human-computer interaction.
B. The possible treatment for particular diseases.
C. The future of microchips and devices alike.
D. The existing application of microchip implants.
34. How may most Americans react to implanting chips in the brain in reality
A. They may reject it. B. They may expect it.
C. They may adjust to it. D. They may feel curious about it.
35. Which word can best describe the technology of computer-brain interface implants
A. Imaginary. B. Practical. C. Unfulfilled. D. Impossible.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Road systems are necessary for public transport. Street network is indeed convenient for humans. But roads and highways have done more harm than good to animals. Every week, millions of wild animals die from vehicle collisions (碰撞). Despite the numerous road signs, the increasing number of animal roadkills keeps on increasing each year. Ever since road systems were constructed, animals have been exposed to danger from moving from one place to another. ___36___
Wildlife crossings are in the form of bridges, overpasses and underpass tunnels. ___37___ With these safe routes, wild animals won’t have to access the busy roads and highways anymore. They can safely cross over or under these structures to move on to their path.
The first wildlife crossing ever made was in the form of bridges for animals. In the 1950’s,France constructed several animal bridges to protect both animals and humans from vehicle collisions. ___38___ Apart from France, the Netherlands also features 600 overpasses and ecoducts (生态通道) for deer, boars, and badgers. As a matter of fact, the Netherlands takes pride in having the longest wildlife overpass in the world. The Natuurbrug Zanderij Crailoo stretches 800 meters in length, overpassing the massive N525 roadway and nearby rail lines.
___39___ There could be a few unintended consequences of the wildlife crossings based on their design. The bridges can increase the spread of invasive(入侵的) species, for example. Predation (捕食) rates could increase as the predators can easily hunt down the prey (捕获物) through the bridges.
However, the importance of ecological crossings cannot be denied. Regardless of the negative impacts, they play a vital role in the preservation and restoration of habitat and species. ___40___
A. Diseases may also use the crossings to spread.
B. The wildlife bridges can have negative results as well.
C. Europe surely leads the way in terms of wildlife bridges.
D. These crossings are used by an increasing number of mammals.
E. These structures provide safe passageways for passing animals.
F. More ecoducts should be built to provide a safe space for the species.
G. For this reason, wildlife bridges are built to allow wild animals to cross man-made roads safely.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chris Smith looked like any other young boy in his class except for the constant evictions (驱赶), and eventually being homeless.
Chris’ father was reckless (鲁莽的) with finances and ___41___ in business. His mother tried her best to run the home until Chris’ little brother drowned, then his father went to prison, and finally the family ___42___.
“My mom shut down ___43___. Everything got worse,” Chris remembers. Then she was gone and ran away from home without telling Chris. He did the ___44___ he could, sleeping on his newly married sister’s sofa. “They didn’t have much money, and I know it was a ___45___ to take me in at 17 years old, I was going to ___46___ from school and make it on my own.”
But Chris’ history teacher had different ideas. When Chris’ ___47___ began to go down, she ___48___ him. “You’re the smartest kid in the class,” she told him, “If you don’t graduate, you’re going to ___49___ it.”
“School was my safe place.” Chris says. School also ____50____ him heat and food. It became the closest thing to home he could find ____51____ to his father’s old truck that became his bed and his study space.
When ____52____ came, Chris earned a full scholarship to college and graduated in the top 10 of his class. When it’s time to apply for medical residencies (住院医生), Chris set his ____53____ high. He applied for residencies around the ____54____ and included the No. 1 program in the nation: Johns Hopkins. And then the letter came. Chris was in.
“I didn’t really think I had a chance. But I had learned to ____55____ everything my best shot. Life is never fair. But if you don’t give up, you will give yourself a better chance to make it.” Chris says.
41. A. dishonest B. respectable C. worthy D. honest
42. A. pulled apart B. set apart C. fell apart D. fell behind
43. A. cautiously B. emotionally C. physically D. happily
44. A. least B. most C. worst D. best
45. A. profit B. burden C. wealth D. treasure
46. A. cut out B. pick out C. drop out D. drop off
47. A. spirit B. health C. emotion D. study
48. A. blamed B. cornered C. stopped D. praised
49. A. regret B. appreciate C. protest D. complain
50. A. provided B. offered C. awarded D. helped
51. A. committed B. related C. compared D. devoted
52. A. competition B. celebration C. completion D. graduation
53. A. scenes B. spots C. views D. sights
54. A. country B. city C. world D. college
55. A. give B. target C. achieve D. obtain
第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatable Brick Beds Warm NE China Homes
In northeast China’s chilly winter, getting into a warm bed is made possible by an ancient heatable brick bed that could date back more than two thousand years ___56___ is still widely used today. These beds not only bring warmth to local residents, but also continue the folk culture of northeast China.
The bed is made of bricks or other forms of fired clay with ___57___width of about1.7m to 2.3 m and a length that can be determined according to the length of the bedroom. It uses a ducted heating system similar to the Roman hypocaust, ___58___(compose) of a stove, a bed and a chimney. The stove ___59___(use) to burn firewood. Smoke and heat generated by burning firewood pass through an internal hollow and curved flue system to heat the bed above. Smoke is eventually discharged outward through the chimney. The bed retains heat well, ___60___enables people ___61___(have) a comfortable sleeping environment in the cold winter. In addition, ___62___(sleep) on the heatable brick bed for a prolonged period is good for the blood ___63___(circulate) and metabolism of the body, and can relieve some diseases such as arthritis and waist and leg pain.
The heatable brick bed is not only used as a bed, but also a living area for the family. People ___64___(routine) have their meals and family ____65____(gathering) on the bed in cold winters. The bed is a symbol of home that embodies the emotion and love they feel towards their families.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，得知当地民俗博物馆正在招聘英文志愿者，你很感兴趣。请写一封申请信，
内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear sir,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was an extremely shy girl in primary school and couldn’t make friends easily. My teacher, Mr. Doocy, called my mother and explained that I hadn’t spoken a single word in class. And we were more than half way through the school year. Even as a little girl, I knew this was unusual. I watched the free and happy interaction of my classmates with envy.
Mom tried to excuse my behavior as something that I would outgrow. But Mr. Doocy was still quite concerned about me. He asked Mom if I had something at home that I liked. He said he would arrange a show-and-tell activity for the class if I brought it to school. My mom told him about my cat who had given birth to several baby cats about three weeks earlier. I was crazy about those baby cats.
Then Mr. Doocy suggested I bring the baby cats to school the next day and introduce them to my classmates. It seemed that Mom didn’t think this show-and-tell activity would help me and hoped to discourage Mr. Doocy. She explained that I would have to bring the mother cat along with the six baby cats because they were too young to be separated from their mother. She probably thought this would put an end to the plan. But Mr. Doocy said that was fine.
I normally walked to school, but my mother drove me the next morning along with a big brown cardboard box. I struggled to walk toward the classroom with the heavy load. In no time, the group of baby cats caught the attention of my classmates. Their eyes lit up in wonder when they caught sight of my tiny treasures. My heart beat quickly against my chest as pride swelled within me. I had never felt so important in my entire nine years of life!
Mr. Doocy instructed me to sit on the steps outside the classroom so everyone could get a good look inside the container. “Can I hold one ” a little girl asked aloud with excitement. Then all the other children chimed in like a choir, begging to hold one of the baby cats.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I nodded and said, “Yes.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everyone sitting in the classroom, Mr. Doocy invited me to say something about my cats.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

展开更多......

收起↑