资源简介

专题十三　动词的语态
知识导图
【精选例句】 ①Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.茶树生长在山坡上。 ②Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏了王先生和乘客们，这个男人被医生们及时救了。 ③Many tall buildings will be built in our city next year.明年我们城市将建许多高楼。
考法精讲
1. 中考常考被动语态的构成
时态 被动语态结构 示例
主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 的被动语态 am/is/ are done We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天被我们打扫。
一般过去时的被动语态 was/were done Lu Xun wrote the book. 鲁迅写了这本书。 The book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。
续表
一般将来时 的被动语态 will/shall/ be going to be done They will visit their teacher tomorrow. 他们明天将要去拜访他们的老师。 Their teacher will be visited by them tomorrow. 明天他们的老师将要被他们拜访。
现在完成时 的被动语态 have/has been done Mary has received the letter. Mary已经收到了这封信。 The letter has been received by Mary.这封信已经被Mary收到了。
含情态动词 的被动语态 情态动词 ＋be done We can finish the task on time. 我们可以按时完成这个任务。 The task can be finished by us on time.这个任务可以被我们按时完成。
【精选例句】 Thousands of people can be involved in making a movie.制作一部电影可以涉及到成千上万的人。
2. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
3. 使用被动语态的情况
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。(2020.32, 2019.38)如：This watch was made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：The books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。
(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人在讲汉语。
(4)出于礼貌措辞等原因而不愿意说出动作的执行者。(6年3考)如：You are invited to the party at eight o'clock tomorrow. 你被邀请参加明天八点的聚会。
(5)动作的发出者是物。如：The tree was blown down by the strong wind. 这棵树被大风吹倒了。
(6)有些动词习惯上只用被动语态。如：He was born in this city. 他出生在这座城市。
4. 被动语态拓展知识
情况 形式/用法 示例
主动变被动 在主动语态中，感官动词及使役动词后跟省略to的不定式作宾补；但在相应的被动语态中，to要补上。 如：make sb. do sth. (主动语态，没有to); be made to do sth. (被动语态，加上to) ①He made me do the work. (前无be后无to) →I was made to do the work. (前有be后加to) ②Tom saw Lucy water the flowers last night. (前无be后无to) →Lucy was seen to water the flowers last night. (前有be后加to)
续表
既可以变间接宾语(指人)为主语，也可以变直接宾语(指物)为主语。若用直接宾语(指物)作主语，间接宾语(指人)前面必须加上适当的介词(to/for) My mother gives Lily a pen. 间宾 直宾 →Lily is given a pen by my mother. →A pen is given to Lily by my mother.
主动表被动 感官系动词用主动结构表示被动 The cake tastes delicious.
happen, take place, break out等不及物动词/短语没有被动语态 Great changes took place in China. (√) →Great changes were taken place in China. (×)
综合提升
语法选择
A. 小题夯基
1. At the age of seven, David and his parents ________ to a Family Space Camp.
A. invited B. are invited C. were invited
2. Students in the school ________ to get up at 6∶45 a．m. to practice their basic skills, but Wang got up at 6∶00 in the morning.
A. ask B. asked C. were asked
3. Last month, some people ________ to check out the bridge before the opening.
A. are inviting B. are invited
C. were invited D. were inviting
4. He told them that kites ________ in China more than 2，000 years ago.
A. invent B. invented C. are invented D. were invented
5. It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ________ in Guangdong in the future.
A. will be built B. build C. will build D. is built
6. With the development of technology, more work ________ by machines in the future.
A. does B. will do C. will be done
【好词佳句积累】 get up起床 check out检验 with the development of technology随着科技的发展
B.微语篇提能
公共艺术的魅力
Maybe you've seen paintings in a museum. But have you ever seen that the whole side of a building __1__ by paintings These __2__ public art.
Public art __3__ on surfaces in public places such as sidewalks, sides of buildings and other places. Artists have been creating public art for a long time. Some people believe ancient drawings that __4__ on cave(洞穴) walls may have been the first pieces of public art.
Nowadays, public art is in cities all over the world. Mona Caron, an artist paints weeds(野草) which are usually stepped on or simply not noticed. Caron says, “The fewer people pay attention to it, the larger it __5__ by me! 长难句This is because any little bit of nature is actually very beautiful if you take the time to look at it.”
Mona thinks more public arts __6__ to support environmental protection. She also believes in using art to help people pay attention to some important issues(问题)．
1. A. cover B. is covered C. will be covered
2. A. call B. called C. are called
3. A. create B. is created C. has created
4. A. find B. found C. were found
5. A. paint B. was painted C. will be painted
6. A. use B. used C. should be used
【长难句分析】 This is because any little bit of nature is actually very beautiful if you take the time to look at it. 析成分：本句为主从复合句。because any little bit of nature... it为because引导的表语从句；在表语从句中，if you take the time to look at it为if引导的条件状语从句。 句意：这是因为如果你花时间去看，实际上大自然的任何一点都是非常美丽的。
【语篇研读】 What：介绍了公共艺术的发展以及艺术家Mona Caron。 Why：旨在引导学生关注公共艺术的发展，并思考通过公共艺术所呈现出来的环境问题。 How：①文体特征：说明文。 ②文章结构：总—分—总。第1段引出主题：什么是公共艺术；第2～3段介绍了公共艺术从过去到现在的发展；第4段表达了Mona的期望。 ③语言特点：文中使用“ancient ...on cave(洞穴) walls”及“Nowadays ...in cities all over the world.”描写了 公共艺术的发展
专题十三　动词的语态
【综合提升】
A. 1. C　2. C　3. C　4. D　5. A　6. C
B. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了公共艺术的发展以及艺术家Mona Caron，她坚信用艺术可以使人们更多地关注一些重要的问题。
1. B　2. C　3. B　4. C　5. C　6. C

展开更多......

收起↑