资源简介

(共74张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修二册
Unit 1　Food for thought
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·全国甲卷)The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, respected Flora's space; Steve and I formed a good team caring for Tilly．
2．(心理描写)(2021·天津卷)I was annoyed in that period and stopped practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career．
3．(人物描写)(2022·福建省四地市质量检测)With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·潍坊市阶段性监测)It was a perfect outing—it was so peaceful and the colors of the deep blue sky, the light green river water and the mild late May sunshine mixed to create a magic scene．Off the shore lay quietly several cottages．Everything was sound until a strong current emerged and loosened Abigail's grasp and she let go of the boat．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·全国甲卷) Knowing some ____(tip) will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world．
2．(2021·全国乙卷) All these stadiums are still __________(function), still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport．
tips
functional
核
心
单
词
检
测 3．(2019·江苏卷)It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's_________(opinion)．
4．When we travel in other countries, we have to get used to lots of different _______ (custom)．
5．Kate was walking in the park when she_____________ (attack) by an extremely fierce dog and got seriously injured．
opinions
customs
was attacked
派生单词检测 1．They have tried to ___________ the settlement and work on the ____________ of it began half a year ago．(construct)
2．The result of the experiment was very __________．Not only did we feel _________ with it, but our teacher looked at us with ____________．(satisfy)
3．If it is ____________ for you, let's call off the appointment．We can do it at your ___________．(convenient)
reconstruct
construction
satisfying
satisfied
satisfaction
inconvenient
convenience
派生单词检测 4．He has been__________to smoking since he was young and because of the __________cigarettes he finds it difficult to get rid of the smoking _________．(addict)
5．Tom ________ from toothaches, so he decided to see the dentist because he couldn't stand the _________ any longer．(suffer)
addicted
addictive
addiction
suffered
suffering
高频短语检测 come across，belong to，end up，in case，pick up，take to，catch up, bring up
1．The house，which was broken into last night，__________ my aunt but she doesn't live there any more．
2．Careers officers maintain contact with young people when they have left school _______ they need help in job-hunt．
belongs to
in case
高频短语检测 3．At first, Alice didn't study well in our class, but she ________ topping in our class with much effort．
4．Though he ___________ many difficulties on his way to becoming a doctor, he never gave up his dream．
5．The twins were separated at birth and __________ in entirely different environments．
ended up
came across
brought up
重点句式检测 1．我每次去北京，都会去参观长城。(each time)
_____________________________,I would visit the Great Wall．
2．这位导游对这个国家的历史和文化十分熟悉，所以他在向游客介绍其风土人情时十分流利。(分词短语作状语)
_____________________________________________________，the guide introduced the local conditions and customs to the tourists very fluently．
Each time I went to Beijing
Having a good knowledge of the country's history and culture
重点句式检测 3．阅读很重要，因为它能增加我们的词汇量并拓宽我们的知识面。(as引导原因状语从句)
Reading is very important ___________________________________________________________．
as it can increase our vocabulary and
broaden our knowledge
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 suffer [课本义]v．(身体或精神上)受苦 [增补义]v．遭受；忍受；经历
练中回想——语法填空
①She was intelligent but suffered ____ a lack of ambition．
②The old man is said to have gone through varieties of ___________(suffer) during the war．
from
sufferings
完美写作——完成句子/句式升级
③He had never___________________________(遭受巨大的损失) in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life．
④__________________________________________，he almost lost the hope for life．(分词作状语)
suffered such a great loss
Never having suffered such a great loss in his life
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?suffer pain/defeat/loss遭受痛苦/失败/损失
?suffer from遭受；患病
?suffering n．痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事
?sufferer n．患难者；患病者
语料输入——必备素材
?suffer a lot of pain 遭受巨大的痛苦
?cause him much mental suffering 给他的精神造成极大的痛苦
2 addict [课本义] n．对……着迷的人 [增补义]n．吸毒成瘾的人
练中回想——语法填空
①Teenagers ________(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression．
②Some students are now fighting against their _________(addict) to computer games．
addicted
addiction
完美写作——句式升级
③They are addicted to playing their cellphones．They completely ignore their friends around．
→____________________________________，they completely ignore their friends around．(形容词短语作状语)
Addicted to playing their cellphones
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?addicted adj．入了迷的，上了瘾的
?be/become/get addicted to...沉迷于……
?addictive adj．使人着迷的
?addiction n．入迷，嗜好，瘾
语料输入——必备素材
?a football addict一个足球迷
?be addicted to network novels 沉迷于网络小说
3 differ v．不同，不一样，有区别
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Human speech contains more than 2，000 _________ (differ)sounds，from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages．
②Though we completely differ ____ each other __ character，we are still great friends．
different
from
in
完美写作——续写佳句之升华句
③小善举真能给他人带来很大的影响。
Small acts of kindness can really ______________________________．
make a great difference to others
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?differ in...在……方面不同
?differ from...与……不同
?difference n．不同；差异
?make a difference 起作用；有影响
?different adj．不同的
?be different from...与……不同
语料输入——必备素材
?make a big difference to your state of health 极大地改善你的健康状况
?settle their differences and become friends again消除了他们的分歧并重归于好
4 recommend[课本义] v．推荐 [增补义]v．建议
练中回想——语法填空
①If you go to Beijing, I recommend ________(visit) the Summer Palace first．
②He recommended that the young generation ______________(focus) on their studies instead of being addicted to cellphones．
③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ) If I had to make just one ___________________
(recommend) for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel．
visiting
(should) focus
recommendation
完美写作——建议信佳句
④I _________________________________(建议你练太极), a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay healthy physically and mentally．
recommend you to practice Tai Chi
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?recommend doing sth．建议做某事
?recommend sb．to do sth．建议某人做某事
?recommend that sb．(should) do sth．建议某人(应该)做某事
?recommend sth．to sb．向某人推荐某物
?recommendation n．建议；推荐；介绍
语料输入——必备素材
recommend him as leader of the basketball club 推荐他担任这个篮球俱乐部的领导人
5 convenient adj．方便的，便利的
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·北京卷)If it is convenient ___ you, let's go outing next Sunday．
②Would it be convenient for you _______(pick) me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport
③(2019·江苏卷)To enjoy the ___________(convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones．
for
to pick
convenience
完美写作——求助信佳句
④I would appreciate it if you could reply _________________________
(在你方便的时候)．
at your earliest convenience
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?It is convenient (for sb．) to do sth．(某人)做某事很方便。
?be convenient for sth．/to sb．对某物/某人来说是方便的
?convenience n．方便，便利
?at one's convenience 在某人方便时
?for (the sake of) convenience 为方便起见
语料输入——必备素材
at a more convenient time在比较方便的时候
6 resist [课本义] v．忍住，按捺[增补义] v．抵抗，抗拒
练中回想——语法填空
①Elderly people are not always _________ (resist) to low prices．
②You should exercise more to build up your __________ (resist) to infection in cold winter．
完美写作——续写佳句之动作描写
③一到家，这个男孩就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老师的表扬。
On arriving home, the boy _____________________________________ by the teacher．
resistant
resistance
couldn't resist showing off his being praised
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?resist doing sth．反对做某事
?can't resist doing sth．禁不住做某事
?resistant adj．对……有抵抗力的；抵制的，反抗的
?be resistant to...对……有抵抗力
?resistance n．反抗，抵抗
语料输入——必备素材
build up resistance to disease 增强对疾病的抵抗力
7 adapt [课本义] v．(使)适应，(使)适合[增补义] v．改编，改写
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to ______(live) at high altitudes．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm writing to ask for your guidance on a short play, which is adapted ____ one of our texts．
③When it comes to __________ (adapt), it is important to understand that climate change is a process．
living
from
adaptation
完美写作——句式升级
④I will not only adapt myself to the American lifestyle but also help them understand the Chinese culture better．
→____________________________________________________________________________________________________(倒装句)
Not only will I adapt myself to the American lifestyle, but I will also
help them understand the Chinese culture better．
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?adapt to 适应
?adapt oneself to 使自己适应
?adapt...from ...根据……改编……
?adapt...for...改编……为……之用
?adaptable adj．能适应的；可修改的
?adaptation n．适应；改编；改写本
语料输入——必备素材
?better adapt to the development and changes of society 更好地适应社会的发展和变化
?be specially adapted for the disabled 专门为残疾人改造的
[名师点津]　adopt与adapt形式相近，但它意为“采纳；采用；收养”。
8 end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来
练中回想——语法填空
①As a matter of fact，even a successful inventor makes many experiments that end up __ failure．
②At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up ____ fruit in America．
③He started out to study French, but ended up __ an English translator．
in
with
as
完美写作——续写佳句之升华句
④如果你不知道要什么，那你最终可能会得到你并不想要的东西。
If you don't know what you want, you might _______________________________________．
end up getting something you don't want
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?end (up) in...以……告终
?end (up) with...以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
?end up＋adj．/doing...以……(状况)告终
?end up as...最终成为……
语料输入——必备素材
?end up in serious trouble 最终陷入了严重的困境
?end up with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet 以一首中国古代诗人的诗结束
?end up spending the night at the airport 最终在机场过了夜
9 pick up [课本义] 买，购买 [增补义]卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起，拿起；接收(信号)；(无意中)学会；收拾，整理；开车接(人)；取(物)；(健康、生意等)好转，康复
练中回想句中
①(2021·全国乙卷)We play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone．
____
②My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days． __________
③It is necessary to use a shortwave radio to pick up the programmes． __________
拿起
康复，好转
收听，接收
完美写作——续写佳句之动作描写
④虽然她有二十年没见杰克了，但他一下飞机她就认出他了。
Although she had not seen Jack for twenty years, she ______________________________________________．
picked him out as soon as he got off the plane
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?build up逐渐增强；增强……的体质
?take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据
?make up虚构；弥补；组成
?break up关系破裂；分手；放假
?pick out精心挑选；认出
?pick on选中；故意刁难
语料输入——必备素材
?pick up bad habits 染上了坏习惯
?pick up bags of bargains 买到很多便宜货
?pick up a lot of information via the Internet 通过互联网获取大量信息
10 [教材原句]The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them．
软饮料中的糖会形成酸，每次我们喝的时候，都会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。
练中回想——补全句子
①(2020·天津卷)—_______________________(下次你拜访鲍勃时), remember to give him a call in advance．
—Good point．I will．
②He happened to be out _____________________________(上次我去拜访他时)．
Next time you visit Bob
the last time I called on him
③He paid a visit to his old friend __________________(他到达当天)．
完美写作——同义句转
④Jack fell in love with this city when he came to Beijing for the first time．
→_________________________________________________________
the day he arrived
Jack fell in love with this city the first time he came to Beijing．
练后归纳——句法分析
用作连词的名词短语还有：
?表示习惯性、经常性的动作或“第几次做某事”，常见短语有next time、the last time、the first/second/...time等。
?表示具体的某个时间概念，含有“……的那天/那年”等，常见短语有the year、the day、the week、the month等。
?表示“一……就……”，常见短语有the moment、the instant、the minute、the second等。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
Every/Each time he comes across a difficulty, he turns to me for help．
每次他遇到困难时，他都向我寻求帮助。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Parisians are _________(differ) from you and me．They never look lazy or untidy．
2．Some students even become ________(addict) to the cellphone and cannot concentrate on school and family life．
3．Experts recommend ______(take) effective measures to control the house prices as soon as possible．
different
addicted
taking
4．I couldn't resist ______(try) on the new skirt immediately it got home from the delivery man．
5．Wolves are very _________(adapt): they can live in forests, on open plains, or in the snows of the Arctic．
6．While studying, fix your mind on what is really important, or you will end up ___________(remember) nothing．
trying
adaptable
remembering
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·北京卷)You should be able to work well in a team and adapt __ an international working environment．
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ) On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick __ some groceries．
3．We breathed in too much polluted air，making us suffer ____ lung and liver diseases．
4．If it is convenient____ you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate．
to
up
from
for
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Please keep an eye on my __________(belong), including the book on AI．I will be back in no time．
2．The animal will defend itself when ________(attack) by making a strange noise．
belongings
attacked
3．More and more people die every year from illnesses _______(relate) to smoking, such as cancer, bronchitis and heart disease．
4．The manager expressed his ____________(satisfy) when he saw many new products developed after joint efforts．
related
satisfaction
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．I've taken __ reading English magazines for a few years, since the first time I was introduced to an English magazine．
2．Brought __ in a happy and wealthy family, Robert learned how to observe good manners at home．
3．She often makes a schedule to get herself reminded __ what she is to do in the day．
4．I'll be out for some time．__ case anything important happens, call me up immediately．
to
up
of
In
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) The wind picked up and thunder rolled．_
A．买，购买　　B．(风)变大　　C．用车接某人
2．(2020·江苏卷)Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry．_
A．风俗 B．海关
C．(个人的)习惯
B
B
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day．_
A．控制，操纵 B．搬动
C．处理
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student．_
A．袭击；攻击 B．侵袭；损害
C．抨击
C
C
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国甲卷) Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population．
化繁为简本句的主干为Sydney discovered lots of things；that were sort of...population为____从句，修饰______________。
[尝试翻译]然后，悉尼一个接一个地发现了许多可以说本身就是在那的东西——广阔的公园、绝美的沙滩和文化多元的人口。
定语
lots of things
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages．
化繁为简本句的主干为A ground-breaking，five-year study shows。that diet-related changes in human bite...．the world's languages为____从句，该从句本身又是一个复合句，其中that are now found in half the world's languages为____从句，修饰_________________。
[尝试翻译]一项为期五年的突破性研究显示，与饮食有关的人类牙齿咬合变化导致新语音的产生，目前在世界上一半的语言中都发现了这种语音。
宾语
定语
new speech sounds
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health．If we get addicted to 1．______(eat) some unhealthy food, we will surely suffer 2．____ all kinds of diseases．We'd better develop a healthy eating habit，in case we get sick．
eating
from
Chinese people differ from the Western people in eating habits．We are used to enjoying typical Chinese food, such as spicy hot pot, chicken feet, pig's ears and stinky tofu．It is 3．_ custom to drink a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup．In our daily life, we 4．_______________(recommend) to eat English food．In their opinion, there's nothing 5．______(good) than English food．Eating sausages, toast with butter, roast beef and vegetables is a kind of 6．_________(enjoy)．Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet,
a
are recommended
better
enjoyment
7．_____ assures us the necessary vitamins and nutrition．Most 8．___________(important)，cooking at home and 9．______(make) our meals from fresh, seasonal fruit and vegetables, which are 10．__________(convenience) to buy, give us a chance to relax．
which
importantly
making
convenient
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
请你用英语以“健康的生活习惯让我们远离病毒”为题写一篇短文，内容包括：
1．养成健康生活习惯的必要性；
2．要保持健康，有哪些可行措施；
3．倡导大家培养良好的生活习惯，健康生活。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
In our daily life，we may often suffer from diseases related to different viruses．To stay away from the harm of these viruses，it's recommended that we should form healthy habits．
In my opinion，forming a habit of doing physical exercise regularly is of great importance，which can help us resist the attack of different viruses．Besides，think positively and keep an optimistic view on our life situations, which will bring the best out from our immune system．
In conclusion，we should have a healthy lifestyle，doing sports regularly and holding a positive life attitude．All these habits will make us stronger and enable us to fight against viruses．
情感描写之“紧张”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
单词 nervous, nervousness，uneasy, tense, anxious, nervously，tension, anxiety, tremble, shake
短语 ①one's heart be/fly into one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼
②a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张
③with/have butterflies in one's stomach 心里发慌
④tremble with anxiety 焦虑不安
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表“紧张”的表达和其他描写方法补全下列句子
①当我站在后台的时候，我紧张极了。
When I was standing backstage, _________________________________________．(无生命名词作主语)
②当叫到我的名字时，我感到心里忐忑不安。
When my name was called I could feel _________________________．
nervousness/tension came flooding
over me
butterflies in my stomach
③我颤抖着双腿来到了舞台上。我手心冒汗，心跳加速。
______________________________________，and I could _______________________________________．(无生命名词作主语)
④挤满观众的大厅让我更加紧张起来，我的心扑通扑通地好像要跳出来了。
The hall crowded with audience _______________________．My heart ____________________________________________________．
(夸张的修辞手法)
My trembling legs brought me onstage
feel my
palms sweating and heart racing
made me even more uneasy
was pounding/thumping hard, as if it were about to pop
⑤我紧张地站在那里，喉咙发紧，不知道下一步怎么办。
I stood there ____________________________________，wondering what to do next．(so...that...)
so nervously that I felt my throat tight续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·全国甲卷)The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, respected Flora's space; Steve and I formed a good team caring for Tilly． 2．(心理描写)(2021·天津卷)I was annoyed in that period and stopped practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career． 3．(人物描写)(2022·福建省四地市质量检测)With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives． (2022·潍坊市阶段性监测)It was a perfect outing—it was so peaceful and the colors of the deep blue sky, the light green river water and the mild late May sunshine mixed to create a magic scene．Off the shore lay quietly several cottages．Everything was sound until a strong current emerged and loosened Abigail's grasp and she let go of the boat．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·全国甲卷) Knowing some tips(tip) will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world． 2．(2021·全国乙卷) All these stadiums are still functional(function), still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport． 3．(2019·江苏卷)It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions(opinion)． 4．When we travel in other countries, we have to get used to lots of different customs (custom)． 5．Kate was walking in the park when she was attacked (attack) by an extremely fierce dog and got seriously injured．
派生单词检测 1．They have tried to reconstruct the settlement and work on the construction of it began half a year ago．(construct) 2．The result of the experiment was very satisfying．Not only did we feel satisfied with it, but our teacher looked at us with satisfaction．(satisfy) 3．If it is inconvenient for you, let's call off the appointment．We can do it at your convenience．(convenient) 4．He has been addicted to smoking since he was young and because of the addictive cigarettes he finds it difficult to get rid of the smoking addiction．(addict) 5．Tom suffered from toothaches, so he decided to see the dentist because he couldn't stand the suffering any longer．(suffer)
高频短语检测 come across，belong to，end up，in case，pick up，take to，catch up, bring up
1．The house，which was broken into last night，belongs to my aunt but she doesn't live there any more． 2．Careers officers maintain contact with young people when they have left school in case they need help in job-hunt． 3．At first, Alice didn't study well in our class, but she ended up topping in our class with much effort． 4．Though he came across many difficulties on his way to becoming a doctor, he never gave up his dream． 5．The twins were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments．
重点句式检测 1．我每次去北京，都会去参观长城。(each time) Each time I went to Beijing, I would visit the Great Wall． 2．这位导游对这个国家的历史和文化十分熟悉，所以他在向游客介绍其风土人情时十分流利。(分词短语作状语) Having a good knowledge of the country's history and culture, the guide introduced the local conditions and customs to the tourists very fluently． 3．阅读很重要，因为它能增加我们的词汇量并拓宽我们的知识面。(as引导原因状语从句) Reading is very important as it can increase our vocabulary and broaden our knowledge．
1 suffer [课本义]v．(身体或精神上)受苦 [增补义]v．遭受；忍受；经历
①She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition．
②The old man is said to have gone through varieties of sufferings (suffer) during the war．
③He had never suffered such a great loss(遭受巨大的损失) in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life．
④Never having suffered such a great loss in his life ，he almost lost the hope for life．(分词作状语)
?suffer pain/defeat/loss遭受痛苦/失败/损失
?suffer from遭受；患病
?suffering n．痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事
?sufferer n．患难者；患病者
?suffer a lot of pain 遭受巨大的痛苦
?cause him much mental suffering 给他的精神造成极大的痛苦
2 addict [课本义] n．对……着迷的人 [增补义]n．吸毒成瘾的人
①Teenagers addicted(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression．
②Some students are now fighting against their addiction(addict) to computer games．
③They are addicted to playing their cellphones．They completely ignore their friends around．
→Addicted to playing their cellphones, they completely ignore their friends around．(形容词短语作状语)
?addicted adj．入了迷的，上了瘾的
?be/become/get addicted to...沉迷于……
?addictive adj．使人着迷的
?addiction n．入迷，嗜好，瘾
?a football addict一个足球迷
?be addicted to network novels 沉迷于网络小说
3 differ v．不同，不一样，有区别
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Human speech contains more than 2，000 different (differ)sounds，from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages．
②Though we completely differ from each other in character，we are still great friends．
③小善举真能给他人带来很大的影响。
Small acts of kindness can really make a great difference to others．
?differ in...在……方面不同
?differ from...与……不同
?difference n．不同；差异
?make a difference 起作用；有影响
?different adj．不同的
?be different from...与……不同
?make a big difference to your state of health 极大地改善你的健康状况
?settle their differences and become friends again消除了他们的分歧并重归于好
4 recommend[课本义] v．推荐 [增补义]v．建议
①If you go to Beijing, I recommend visiting(visit) the Summer Palace first．
②He recommended that the young generation (should) focus(focus) on their studies instead of being addicted to cellphones．
③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ) If I had to make just one recommendation (recommend) for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel．
④I recommend you to practice Tai Chi(建议你练太极), a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay healthy physically and mentally．
?recommend doing sth．建议做某事
?recommend sb．to do sth．建议某人做某事
?recommend that sb．(should) do sth．建议某人(应该)做某事
?recommend sth．to sb．向某人推荐某物
?recommendation n．建议；推荐；介绍
recommend him as leader of the basketball club 推荐他担任这个篮球俱乐部的领导人
5 convenient adj．方便的，便利的
①(2021·北京卷)If it is convenient for you, let's go outing next Sunday．
②Would it be convenient for you to pick(pick) me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport
③(2019·江苏卷)To enjoy the convenience(convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones．
④I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience(在你方便的时候)．
?It is convenient (for sb．) to do sth．(某人)做某事很方便。
?be convenient for sth．/to sb．对某物/某人来说是方便的
?convenience n．方便，便利
?at one's convenience 在某人方便时
?for (the sake of) convenience 为方便起见
at a more convenient time在比较方便的时候
6 resist [课本义] v．忍住，按捺[增补义] v．抵抗，抗拒
①Elderly people are not always resistant (resist) to low prices．
②You should exercise more to build up your resistance (resist) to infection in cold winter．
③一到家，这个男孩就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老师的表扬。
On arriving home, the boy couldn't resist showing off his being praised by the teacher．
?resist doing sth．反对做某事
?can't resist doing sth．禁不住做某事
?resistant adj．对……有抵抗力的；抵制的，反抗的
?be resistant to...对……有抵抗力
?resistance n．反抗，抵抗
build up resistance to disease 增强对疾病的抵抗力
7 adapt [课本义] v．(使)适应，(使)适合[增补义] v．改编，改写
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living(live) at high altitudes．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm writing to ask for your guidance on a short play, which is adapted from one of our texts．
③When it comes to adaptation (adapt), it is important to understand that climate change is a process．
④I will not only adapt myself to the American lifestyle but also help them understand the Chinese culture better．
→Not only will I adapt myself to the American lifestyle, but I will also help them understand the Chinese culture better．(倒装句)
?adapt to 适应
?adapt oneself to 使自己适应
?adapt...from ...根据……改编……
?adapt...for...改编……为……之用
?adaptable adj．能适应的；可修改的
?adaptation n．适应；改编；改写本
?better adapt to the development and changes of society 更好地适应社会的发展和变化
?be specially adapted for the disabled 专门为残疾人改造的
[名师点津]　adopt与adapt形式相近，但它意为“采纳；采用；收养”。
8 end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来
①As a matter of fact，even a successful inventor makes many experiments that end up in failure．
②At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit in America．
③He started out to study French, but ended up as an English translator．
④如果你不知道要什么，那你最终可能会得到你并不想要的东西。
If you don't know what you want, you might end up getting something you don't want．
?end (up) in...以……告终
?end (up) with...以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
?end up＋adj．/doing...以……(状况)告终
?end up as...最终成为……
?end up in serious trouble 最终陷入了严重的困境
?end up with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet 以一首中国古代诗人的诗结束
?end up spending the night at the airport 最终在机场过了夜
9 pick up [课本义] 买，购买 [增补义]卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起，拿起；接收(信号)；(无意中)学会；收拾，整理；开车接(人)；取(物)；(健康、生意等)好转，康复
练中回想句中
①(2021·全国乙卷)We play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone．
拿起
②My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days． 康复，好转
③It is necessary to use a shortwave radio to pick up the programmes． 收听，接收
④虽然她有二十年没见杰克了，但他一下飞机她就认出他了。
Although she had not seen Jack for twenty years, she picked him out as soon as he got off the plane．
?build up逐渐增强；增强……的体质
?take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据
?make up虚构；弥补；组成
?break up关系破裂；分手；放假
?pick out精心挑选；认出
?pick on选中；故意刁难
?pick up bad habits 染上了坏习惯
?pick up bags of bargains 买到很多便宜货
?pick up a lot of information via the Internet 通过互联网获取大量信息
10 [教材原句]The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them． 软饮料中的糖会形成酸，每次我们喝的时候，都会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。
①(2020·天津卷)—Next time you visit Bob(下次你拜访鲍勃时), remember to give him a call in advance．
—Good point．I will．
②He happened to be out the last time I called on him(上次我去拜访他时)．
③He paid a visit to his old friend the day he arrived(他到达当天)．
④Jack fell in love with this city when he came to Beijing for the first time．
→Jack fell in love with this city the first time he came to Beijing．
用作连词的名词短语还有：
?表示习惯性、经常性的动作或“第几次做某事”，常见短语有next time、the last time、the first/second/...time等。
?表示具体的某个时间概念，含有“……的那天/那年”等，常见短语有the year、the day、the week、the month等。
?表示“一……就……”，常见短语有the moment、the instant、the minute、the second等。
Every/Each time he comes across a difficulty, he turns to me for help．
每次他遇到困难时，他都向我寻求帮助。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Parisians are different(differ) from you and me．They never look lazy or untidy．
2．Some students even become addicted(addict) to the cellphone and cannot concentrate on school and family life．
3．Experts recommend taking(take) effective measures to control the house prices as soon as possible．
4．I couldn't resist trying(try) on the new skirt immediately it got home from the delivery man．
5．Wolves are very adaptable(adapt): they can live in forests, on open plains, or in the snows of the Arctic．
6．While studying, fix your mind on what is really important, or you will end up remembering(remember) nothing．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·北京卷)You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment．
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ) On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries．
3．We breathed in too much polluted air，making us suffer from lung and liver diseases．
4．If it is convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Please keep an eye on my belongings(belong), including the book on AI．I will be back in no time．
2．The animal will defend itself when attacked(attack) by making a strange noise．
3．More and more people die every year from illnesses related(relate) to smoking, such as cancer, bronchitis and heart disease．
4．The manager expressed his satisfaction(satisfy) when he saw many new products developed after joint efforts．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．I've taken to reading English magazines for a few years, since the first time I was introduced to an English magazine．
2．Brought up in a happy and wealthy family, Robert learned how to observe good manners at home．
3．She often makes a schedule to get herself reminded of what she is to do in the day．
4．I'll be out for some time．In case anything important happens, call me up immediately．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) The wind picked up and thunder rolled．B
A．买，购买　　B．(风)变大　　C．用车接某人
2．(2020·江苏卷)Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry．B
A．风俗 B．海关
C．(个人的)习惯
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyone's day．C
A．控制，操纵 B．搬动
C．处理
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student．C
A．袭击；攻击 B．侵袭；损害
C．抨击
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国甲卷) Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population．
本句的主干为Sydney discovered lots of things；that were sort of...population为定语从句，修饰lots of things。
[尝试翻译]然后，悉尼一个接一个地发现了许多可以说本身就是在那的东西——广阔的公园、绝美的沙滩和文化多元的人口。
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages．
本句的主干为A ground-breaking，five-year study shows。that diet-related changes in human bite...．the world's languages为宾语从句，该从句本身又是一个复合句，其中that are now found in half the world's languages为定语从句，修饰new speech sounds。
[尝试翻译]一项为期五年的突破性研究显示，与饮食有关的人类牙齿咬合变化导致新语音的产生，目前在世界上一半的语言中都发现了这种语音。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health．If we get addicted to 1．eating(eat) some unhealthy food, we will surely suffer 2．from all kinds of diseases．We'd better develop a healthy eating habit，in case we get sick．
Chinese people differ from the Western people in eating habits．We are used to enjoying typical Chinese food, such as spicy hot pot, chicken feet, pig's ears and stinky tofu．It is 3．a custom to drink a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup．In our daily life, we 4．are recommended(recommend) to eat English food．In their opinion, there's nothing 5．better(good) than English food．Eating sausages, toast with butter, roast beef and vegetables is a kind of 6．enjoyment(enjoy)．Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, 7．which assures us the necessary vitamins and nutrition．Most 8．importantly(important)，cooking at home and 9．making(make) our meals from fresh, seasonal fruit and vegetables, which are 10．convenient(convenience) to buy, give us a chance to relax．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
请你用英语以“健康的生活习惯让我们远离病毒”为题写一篇短文，内容包括：
1．养成健康生活习惯的必要性；
2．要保持健康，有哪些可行措施；
3．倡导大家培养良好的生活习惯，健康生活。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
In our daily life，we may often suffer from diseases related to different viruses．To stay away from the harm of these viruses，it's recommended that we should form healthy habits．
In my opinion，forming a habit of doing physical exercise regularly is of great importance，which can help us resist the attack of different viruses．Besides，think positively and keep an optimistic view on our life situations, which will bring the best out from our immune system．
In conclusion，we should have a healthy lifestyle，doing sports regularly and holding a positive life attitude．All these habits will make us stronger and enable us to fight against viruses．
情感描写之“紧张”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
单词 nervous, nervousness，uneasy, tense, anxious, nervously，tension, anxiety, tremble, shake
短语 ①one's heart be/fly into one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼 ②a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张 ③with/have butterflies in one's stomach 心里发慌 ④tremble with anxiety 焦虑不安
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表“紧张”的表达和其他描写方法补全下列句子
①当我站在后台的时候，我紧张极了。
When I was standing backstage, nervousness/tension came flooding over me．(无生命名词作主语)
②当叫到我的名字时，我感到心里忐忑不安。
When my name was called I could feel butterflies in my stomach．
③我颤抖着双腿来到了舞台上。我手心冒汗，心跳加速。
My trembling legs brought me onstage, and I could feel my palms sweating and heart racing．(无生命名词作主语)
④挤满观众的大厅让我更加紧张起来，我的心扑通扑通地好像要跳出来了。
The hall crowded with audience made me even more uneasy．My heart was pounding/thumping hard, as if it were about to pop．(夸张的修辞手法)
⑤我紧张地站在那里，喉咙发紧，不知道下一步怎么办。
I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight, wondering what to do next．(so...that...)
课时分层作业(七)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇（限时6分钟）
(2022·重庆名校联盟第一次联考)
George Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker，not an artist．Even though major museums exhibited his works and the director of the American Craft Museum called him a national treasure，Mr．Nakashima rejected the label of an artist．For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs，tables，and cabinets．
Nakashima had a clear goal．He intended each piece of furniture he made to be as perfect as possible．Even making a box was an act of creation，because it produced an object that had never existed before．Initially Nakashima used local wood，sometimes from his own property．Later，he travelled to seek out English oak，Persian walnut，African zebra wood and Indian teak．He especially liked to find giant roots that had been dug out of the ground after a tree was taken down．Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again．
Most furniture makers prefer perfect boards，but Nakashima took pleasure in using wood with interesting knots (节疤) and cracks．These irregularities gave the wood personality and showed that the tree had lived a happy life．
He never failed to create an object that was both useful and beautiful．One early piece Nakashima designed was a three-legged chair for his small daughter Mira to use when she sat at the table for meals．The Mira chair became so popular that Nakashima later made both low and high versions．Another famous piece，the Conoid chair，has two legs supported by blade-like feet．Always，Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful，marked by simplicity that revealed his love for the wood．
As the years passed，Nakashima's reputation grew and his works received many awards．His children Mira and Kevin，now adults，joined the team of craftspeople in their father's studio．Nakashima's dream of integrating (合并) work and family has come true．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了木雕艺术家George Nakashima的创作追求以及其对艺术创作的热爱和谦虚的优秀品质。
1．Which of the following best describes Nakashima
A．Generous and outgoing．
B．Creative and modest．
C．Capable and friendly．
D．Honest and simple．
B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，甚至制作一个盒子都是创新之举，再结合第一段第二句可知，虽然美国手艺博物馆主任称他是国家的财富，但他拒绝艺术家这一头衔。由此可推断，他很有创造性并且很谦虚。故B项正确。]
2．What can we learn about Nakashima from paragraph 4
A．He made chairs exclusively for his family．
B．His chairs were of the same style．
C．He loved his daughter Mira most．
D．His works were mostly simple but beautiful．
D　[推理判断题。根据第四段首句再结合本段的两个作品的例子可知，他的作品大多都很简约，但又很漂亮。故D项正确。]
3．Why was Nakashima called a national treasure
A．Because he loved both his work and family．
B．Because the wood materials he used were precious．
C．Because his works were of great artistic value．
D．Because he spent most of his life making furniture．
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，他的作品在博物馆展出，可见其作品有很高的艺术价值。故C项正确。]
篇
(2022·福州市第一学期质量抽测)
Auguste Rodin spent the best part of four decades working on his masterpiece．The MonaLisa，by contrast，took Leonardo da Vinci a mere 15 years or so．So we can only imagine what those masters would think of an up-and-coming artist who can knock out complex works in under two hours．Not least because she's a robot．
Meet Ai-Da，the world's first robot artist to stage an exhibition，and，according to her creator，every bit as good as many of the abstract human painters working today．
Named in honour of the pioneering female mathematician Ada Lovelace，the artificial intelligence (AI) machine can draw a portrait by sight，and compose an “extremely beautiful” painting rich with meaning．
The humanoid machine can walk，talk and hold a pencil or brush．But it is Ai-Da's ability to teach itself new and ever more complicated means of creative expression that has set the art world excited．
From a simple photograph，whether a bee or a tree，the robot has done abstract paintings warning of the fragility (脆弱性) of the environment that would look at home in a top modern gallery．
“We just can't predict what she will do，what she's going to produce，what the limit of her output is，” said Aidan Meller，who is in charge of the Unsecured Futures exhibition．
Meller is clear that his goal is not to replace human artists．Rather，he compares the rise of AI art to the coming of photography．“In the 1850s everyone thought photography would replace art and artists，but actually it became a new style bringing many new jobs．” he said．
“We are looking forward to the conversation Ai-Da brings in audiences，” said Lucy Seal，researcher for the project．“A measure of her artistic potential and success will be the discussion she inspires．Engaging people so that we feel empowered to re-imagine our attitudes to organic life and our futures is a major aim of the project．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。AI机器人画家要举办画展，其将引发一股艺术界的风潮。
4．Why does the author mention Auguste Rodin and da Vinci
A．To support an idea．
B．To make a prediction．
C．To make a contrast．
D．To analyze characters．
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the best part of four decades” “a mere 15 years or so”和“under two hours”可知，作者提到奥古斯特·罗丹和达·芬奇是为了与只用两小时就完成杰出画作的机器人画家形成对比，故C项正确。]
5．What does “look at home” in Para．5 mean
A．Look familiar．　　
B．Fit perfectly．
C．Make it at home．
D．Feel comfortable．
B　[语义猜测题。根据语境，并结合选项可知，机器人创作的画作很完美，在现代高级画廊里一点儿也不突兀，故B项“非常适合”正确。]
6．What is the purpose of the creation of Ai-Da
A．To improve painting skills．
B．To enrich contemporary art forms．
C．To measure the potential of art．
D．To inspire different views on human life．
B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“In the 1850s...bringing many new jobs．”以及本段大意可知，创造AI机器人画家的目的不是为了替代人类画家，而是为了丰富现有的艺术形式，故B项正确。]
7．What is the main idea of the text
A．A robot artist has achieved success．
B．An AI artist draws in pen and brush．
C．A robot artist will replace human artists．
D．An AI artist will take the art world by storm．
D　[主旨大意题。根据第四段第二句“But it is Ai-Da's...the art world excited．”，并结合文章大意可知，本文主要介绍了AI机器人画家的特别之处，及其在艺术界所引发的风潮，故D项正确。]
篇
(2022·长沙市高考适应性考试)
All human societies play games．Kicking a ball can be found everywhere whether the ball is just a ball of cloth，or a skin stuffed with feathers or air．
But complex games and team sports have tended to arise in big civilizations — the higher the cultural level of a society is，the greater the complexity of the interaction is，and hence perhaps the more complex the forms of sports are．
This is not always the case．The ancient Greeks，for example，preferred the individual rather than team sports．But in China for well over 2，000 years，people played the game of “kickball” — cuju．The members were often young men from wealthy families though there were also professional kickball players．
Cuju was played as entertainment at court banquets or the reception of foreign ambassadors．Even emperors played kickball．
As you'd expect in a Confucian society，kickball clubs were keen on the key qualities of mercy and courtesy．A great player was one who showed “the spirit of the game”．The “Ten Essentials of Kickball” included respect for other players，polite behaviors and team spirit．There was to be no ungentlemanly behavior，no dangerous play，and no hogging (独占) the ball．In other words，as we used to say，“Play up and play the game．”
What a contrast with the ancient Greek athletics where only victory counted and if that needed gamesmanship，or cruel professional fouls (犯规)，then so be it．
As a way of national culture protection，cuju was listed into the first batch of China's intangible cultural heritage in 2006．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。复杂的比赛项目和团队运动往往出现在大的社会文明中，社会的文化水平越高，相互作用的复杂性就越大，因此可能体育的形式也就越复杂。文章通过比较古希腊人喜欢的个人运动和中国人喜欢的团体运动——“蹴鞠”来进行说明。
8．What does the underlined phrase “stuffed with” mean in paragraph 1
A．Filled with．　　B．Decorated with．
C．Surrounded with． D．Covered with．
A　[词义猜测题。根据第一段画线短语后的“feathers or air”和画线短语前的“skin”以及常识可推知，外壳内填充了羽毛或空气。A项“充满”，与画线短语意义相符。故A项正确。]
9．What may contribute to the complicated games
A．Teams． B．Interactions．
C．Societies． D．Civilizations．
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“But complex games...in big civilizations”可知，复杂的比赛项目和团队运动往往出现在大的社会文明中，由此可推知，社会文明促成了复杂的体育运动。故D项正确。]
10．Who were the major members in a cuju team according to the text
A．Sleepers．
B．The rich young men．
C．Emperors．
D．The professional athletes．
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The members were often young men from wealthy families though there were also professional kickball players．”可知，蹴鞠的成员通常是来自富裕家庭的年轻男子；由此可知，来自富裕家庭的年轻男子是蹴鞠的主要成员。故B项正确。]
11．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about
A．Kickball's popularity．
B．Kickball's development．
C．Kickball's importance．
D．Kickball's characteristics．
D　[段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，该段主要讲述了“蹴鞠”的特征“mercy”， “courtesy”， “Ten Essentials of Kickball”。故D项正确。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·福州市质检)
Once upon a time，my father and I got lost in a forest in France．I must have been about twelve or thirteen．Anyway，it was before the time when most people 1 a mobile phone．It was in the Loire Valley．About half an hour later，my dad 2 the truth．“Oh，it seems that we're lost．” We walked around and around in circles，trying to find the path， 3 with no luck．I could tell my dad was starting to 4 ， even if he was trying to hide it from me．We had been in the forest for hours then and we both knew my mom would be in a state of absolute 5 ．At school，I had just been told the story of the hikers who had died in the wilderness and I found it easy to 6 that would be our fate too．“If we keep going in a 7 line，we'll get out of here，”my dad said．
And he was right． 8 we heard the sounds of cars and 9 a main road．We were eleven miles from the village where we had 10 ， but at least we had signposts．And I often think of that strategy，when I am totally 11 —literally or metaphorically．I thought of it when I was in the middle of a 12 ， and when my heart beat rapidly with 13 and I didn't know how I could carry on living．Walking one foot in front of the other，in the same 14 ， will always get you further than running around in circles．It's about the 15 to keep walking forward．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者年少时和父亲外出的时候，在法国的一片森林里迷了路。他们绕了很多圈，毫无进展。最后，父亲提议一路向前，他们终于走出了森林。这个策略也在作者以后的生活中发挥了很大的作用，并使作者深受启发：勇往直前，方能战胜困难。
1．A．owned B．borrowed
C．invented D．promoted
A　[根据上句“I must have been about twelve or thirteen．”可知，作者当时只有十二三岁，当时还没有到大部分人可以拥有一部手机的时期。]
2．A．revealed B．realized
C．told D．faced
B　[根据作者父亲所说的话“Oh，it seems that we're lost．”可知，大约半个小时后，父亲才意识到他们迷路了。]
3．A．all B．therefore
C．yet D．so
C　[结合语境可知，空前的“我们不停地绕圈，试图找到出去的路”和空后的“运气不佳”形成了转折。]
4．A．complain B．erupt
C．regret D．panic
D　[根据空后的“even if he was trying to hide it from me”可以推测，尽管父亲在试图掩饰，但是作者可以看出他已经开始慌了。erupt“喷发；爆发”。]
5．A．terror B．anger
C．disappointment D．loss
A　[根据本句中的“We had been in the forest for hours”和常识可知，他们已经在森林里迷路几个小时了，因此，他们都知道作者的母亲会很恐惧。]
6．A．decide B．announce
C．imagine D．clarify
C　[根据语境可知，作者在学校听过登山者在野外死亡的故事，因此，在森林里迷路几个小时之后，作者很容易会想到那也会是他们的命运。clarify“澄清，阐明”。]
7．A．simple B．short
C．straight D．similar
C　[结合下文中的描述以及结尾部分的“keep walking forward”可知，作者的父亲建议走直线。]
8．A．Regularly B．Eventually
C．Surprisingly D．Generally
B　[根据语境和空前的“he was right”可知，他们最终听到了车声，到达了大路。]
9．A．chose B．missed
C．followed D．reached
D　[参见上题解析。]
10．A．set off B．passed
C．called on D．lived
A　[根据上句中讲到的到达大路和下文中的“at least we had signposts”可以推测，路标可以指引他们到达出发(set off)时的村庄。call on“探访”。]
11．A．lost B．sensitive
C．angry D．stuck
A　[根据语境可知，空前的“that strategy”指的是作者和父亲在迷路时用的策略，所以作者在迷路或迷惘的时候，经常会想起那个策略。]
12．A．term B．race
C．performance D．breakdown
D　[本句是对上一句的阐述，作者会在精神崩溃、因为害怕而心跳加速等时想起这个策略。]
13．A．excitement B．surprise
C．fear D．interest
C　[参见上题解析。]
14．A．way B．cycle
C．direction D．distance
C　[根据空后的“will always get you further than running around in circles”可知，一步一步地朝着相同的方向会让你走得更远。]
15．A．ambition B．determination
C．inspiration D．cooperation
B　[根据语境可知，无论你是真的迷路还是感到迷惘，都要有一路向前的决心。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·沈阳市高三联考)
假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．表达期待。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam，
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Sir/Madam，
I am Li Hua，a Chinese student studying biology in London．I'm glad to be informed that your reserve is looking for volunteers．I'm writing to apply for being one of them．
As an environmentalist，I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection．In the meantime，I love animals very much and know how to take care of animals．By the way，I can speak fluent English，so I can communicate with others well．
I'd appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval．
Yours，
Li Hua

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