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中考英语语法专题复习 冠词精讲精练
冠词包括不定冠词a与an，定冠词the及零冠词（即不用冠词）。
不定冠词：a/an用来修饰可数名词单数。
（一）、区别：a用在以辅音音素开始的单词前，an用于以元音音素开始的单词前。如, a book, a useful book, an umbrella, an hour。
不定冠词用来泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物，而定冠词则用于特指，指特定的人或物，可用来修饰不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数。这是定冠词和不定冠词的根本区别。
（二）用法： a 、an有“一”的意思，相当于数词one ，但没有one 的意义强烈。具体用法如下：
1 .首次提到某人或某物时多用a/an.
如，I saw a dog lying on the road yesterday.
2.表示类别, 泛指一类人或物。强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类.
如， A girl is quieter than a boy.
3. 泛指人或事物的身份或性质。
如：She is an artist.
4．在序数词前表示"又一;再一"时。如:
I want a second chance.
5.用在固定词组中。如：
have a walk/a rest /a look ，a little / a few / a lot / a number of / a lot of / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold /have a try
二，定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that,these,those同源，有"那（这）个" "这（那）些"的意思，但较弱。主要用法如下：
用于特定的或在上文提到过的人或事物之前。
如，I bought a bike, the bike is black.
用于世上独一无二的事物之前。
如， the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth
用于说话人双方都知道的人或物之前。
如，They are playing basketball on the playground.　
He bought a house.　I've been to the house.
与单数名词连用表示一类事物，
如：When was the telephone invented
与形容词前，表示一类。
如，the old 老人; the young 年轻人。
用在序数词和形容词最高级前。
如，Tom is the tallest boy in his class and he is the first student to get to school.　
用于乐器的名词之前。
如，　The little girl likes to play the violin.
用在姓氏的复数名词之前。
如，表示一家人：the Greens　 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
9.在某些短语中　in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),　the day after tomorrow　,the day before yesterday,　the next morning,　in the sky(water，field，country),　in the dark,　in the rain,　in the distance,　in the middle (of),　in the end, on the whole,　by the way,　go to the theatre
三，零冠词（不用冠词）
三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋牌类游戏等名词前，不加冠词。
如：have breakfast，play chess，play volleyball, learn Chinese.
冠词一般不和代词连用， 名次前已有物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词，不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。
如，Tomorrow is my ninth birthday.
不可数名词泛指表示类别。
如，Soft music can make me relaxed.
4 在年份、季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词.
如，We have math class from Monday to Friday.　
5. 在某些固定词组中，by mistake （错误地， 无意中地）by accident （偶然；意外地）bit by bit (逐渐) day after (by) day (一天又一天) day and night (日日夜夜) face to face (面对面) from A to Z (自始至终) from time to time (再三) hand in hand (手拉手) shoulder by shoulder (肩并肩) go to school, go to work,go home,in bed 等。特别注意，在"by + 交通工具"的短语里不加冠词。
如：Shall we walk or go by bus 我们乘车还是步行
即时训练
单项选择。
He is from _______ Asian country.
A a B an C the D /
2.Our school will have ______15th art festival next month.
A.The B. An C. A　　　　D.\
3. There is ______English book on the desk, __________ book is mine
A. an,the B. a, the C. the, a D. the,不填
4.—Do you often play____________ football in your free time
—No, I often play ____________ piano.
A. a, the B. the, / C. /, the D. the, a
5. --Do you know ________young girl in ________red dress over there？
--Yes, she is my friend, Lucy.
A．An, a B．An，the C．The，a D．The，the
6. Sam never tell lies, he is honest boy and good friend of my brother’s.
A. a; the B. the; an C. a; an D. an; a
7. There is _____ supermarket for people to buy daily things in the town．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
8. ---I hear someone playing ______ piano.
---Me too. ______beautiful the music is!
A. a; what B. an; How C. the; What D. the; How
9. _______ bike my uncle sent me on ______my ninth birthday often reminds me of my childhood .
A. a; a B. the; the C. the; / D. a; the
10.— Which bike is yours
—______ red one under the tree.
A. A B. An C. The D./
11.---Who is man in a black coat
---He is my PE teacher. He often plays football with us.
A. A; the B. The; a C. The; / D. A; /
12.—Can I help you
-Yes , I want to buy umbrella.
A. an B.a C.the D./
13. —How do you go to school
—I go to school by ______bike, but sometimes I take _______ bus..
A. a; / B. / ; an C. / ;the D. a ; the
14..It’s just about hundreds of meters from here to _____ bank.
A. a B. an C. the D.不填
15.一 Tom, what’s ________ matter with you
一 I have________ headache
A. a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
16. ―What do you want to be when you grow up, John
― I want to be _____ engineer. It is ______ amazing job.
A. a ; the B. an; a C. an; an D. an; the
17. —Who’s that girl
—You mean ______ one with long blond hair That's Jack’s daughter.
A. a B. an C. the D.不填
18. Linda is good at play ______ piano but she doesn’t like _________ basketball.
A. a ; / B. an; the C. the; / D. a; the
19. ______ Blacks are watching a football game.
A. / B. A C. An D. The
20.---What ___________bad weather it is today!
--Yes, _____________ weather makes me so sad.
A. a; a B. /; the C. an; the D. the;
21.It is said that ______ girl who performed beat at the competition comes from ______ European country.
A. the； a B. a； the C. the； an D. the; /
22. It is villagers’ dream to have _______new bridge over______ river .
A. the; a B.a; the C.a; \ D.an; the
23. －Tina, are you going to play chess on School Day
－Yes, and I’ll also play violin that afternoon.
A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /
24.I have ____ lovely pet cat. _____ cat is clever.
A. a ; A B. the ; The C. a ; The D. the ；A
25. Look at _____ ruler on the chair. Whose is it
A. a B. an C. the D./
二、阅读填空：阅读短文，在空白处填上适当的冠词。
When he was 1._________ teenager, Hunter Adam was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental(心理的) health problems.
When he left 2.__________ hospital, Adam decided to become 3.________ doctor, so he went to a medical school in Virginia, USA. But when he was there, he did things in 4.________ different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctor’s white coats, so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients and he tried to make them laugh. 5.________ doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams because he was too different.
But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital and often dressed up like 6________ clown to make 7.________ children laugh
When he finished medical school and become a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called “the Gusundheit Institute”，together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place with a different way of working with sick people.
Hunter Adams became famous during 8._________ 1980s, and in 1988, Universal Pictures made 9._________ film about his life. It was very successful. In 10._________ film, Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said,:” hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend. I enjoyed playing him.”
参考答案
一、1-5：BAACC 6-10: DADCC 11-15:CACCB 16-20:CCCDB 21-25:ABCCC
二、1.a 2. the 3.a 4. a 5.The 6. a 7. the 8.the 9. a 10. the

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