资源简介

Unit 5 You’re supposed to shake hands.
Section B(2a-Self Check)必会清单及知识突破
基础必会清单
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
名词&动词:
1. 交换 n. &v. exchange
名词:
2. (外)孙女 n. granddaughter
3. 肘; 胳膊 n. elbow
形容词:
4. 基本的; 基础的 adj. basic
5. 十几岁的; 青少年的 adj. teenage
动词:
6. 表现; 举止 v. behave
介词&连词:
7. 除……之外 prep. 除了; 只是 conj. except
副词:
8. 逐步地; 渐进地 adv. gradually
短语:
9. 特地; 格外努力 go out of one’s way
10. 使(某人)感到宾至如归 make. . .____feel at home
11. 习惯于 get/be used to
Ⅱ. 重点句式
1. 我现在说法语很舒服了。
I’m very comfortable speaking French now.
2. 虽然我依旧出很多错误, 但是不像以前那样令我焦虑了。
Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t worry me as it used to.
3. 我最大的挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。
My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
4. 正如你能想象的那样, 事情和家里的很不一样。
As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home.
文本脉络梳理
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
答案: 1. Chinese　2. French　3. table　 4. forks　5. full
核心素养赋能
考点解析
考点1　behave v. 表现; 举止
behave多用作不及物动词, 意为“表现; 举止”, 指做出某种举动或说出某种话。behave后常用well, badly, bravely等副词修饰。
*Mike behaved bravely in the face of danger. 面对危险迈克表现很勇敢。
*You are supposed to behave politely before the old.
在长辈面前你应该表现得有礼貌。
考点2　except prep. 除……之外; conj. 除了; 只是
词语 用法 助记
except 除……之外, except后跟的人或物不在前面描述的情况之列
besides 除……之外(还有), besides后跟的人或物包含在前面描述的情况之列
*The students go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.
除了周六、周日外, 学生们每天去上学。(周六、周日不在“每天”之列)
*As a singer, she also dances well besides singing. 作为一个歌手, 除唱歌外, 她跳舞也不错。(唱歌包含在“好”之列)
考点3　get used to 习惯于
get used to意为“习惯于”。其中to是介词, 后常跟名词、代词或v. -ing形式。
*Tom has got used to the rules in our school. 汤姆已经习惯了我们学校的规章制度。
*You will get used to running.
你会习惯跑步的。
对点训练
考点1
①(2021·自贡中考)Mike breaks the school rules now and then, that is to say, he doesn’t behave well in school.
②除非你表现得体, 否则你不会得到任何礼物。
Unless you behave well, you won’t get any present.
③汉译英: 那个人行为表现不好。
That man/person behaves badly.
考点2
①Everyone was invited to the party ______me. I am very upset now.
A. besides　 　B. beside　 　 C. except　 　 D. excepts
【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。 except除……之外, 除去的内容不包含在内; besides除……之外(还有), 除去的内容包含在内。句意: 除了我之外每个人都被邀请去参加聚会。我现在很伤心。
②—Alice, would you like to go hiking with us
—What a pity! I am free every day ______today.
A. for B. except C. besides D. among
【解析】选B。考查介词辨析。for后跟时间段; except除了, 在整体当中去除一部分; besides除了……之外(还有); among在三者或三者以上之间。本题意为“除了今天没空, 每天都有空”, 也就是指“在整体当中去除”, except符合语境。
③All are here ______Mike, because he is ill, and his parents took him to the hospital.
A. excepting B. besides C. beside D. except
【解析】选D。考查介词辨析。except除……之外, 除去的内容不包含在内; besides除……之外(还有), 除去的内容包含在内。根据“because he is ill, and his parents took him to the hospital(因为他生病了, 并且他的父母送他去了医院)”可知迈克没在这里。
④(2021·温州中考)Every dancer was in white except Jane, the lead dancer, who wore red.
考点3
①(2021·梧州中考)My parents are used to______ after supper.
A. walk B. walks C. walking D. walked
【解析】选C。考查固定用法。句意: 我父母习惯于晚饭后散步。be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事。
②(2021·镇江中考)The managers of the big company have been used to dealing(deal) with problems online.
③(2021·襄阳中考)这些德国人到襄阳前就已经习惯吃牛肉面了。
These Germans had been/got used to eating beef noodles before they came to Xiangyang.
【备选考点】
考点　go out of one’s way 特地; 格外努力
go out of one’s way意为“特地; 格外努力”, 后常跟不定式。
*After work, Mr Green went out of his way to buy some flowers for his wife.
下班后格林先生特地给他妻子买了一些花。
对点训练
考点
①My friends went out of their way to meet(meet) me at the airport.
②汉译英: 我特地从图书馆里借了一本历史书。
I went out of my way to borrow a history book from the library.
基础知识闯关
基础关
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I like many kinds of sports except running(run).
2. Mary went out of her way to talk(talk) to us in English.
3. Warm greetings make the visitors feel(feel) at home.
4. You can gradually(gradual) know about the school.
5. It is hard for the children to behave(behavior) in the right way at table.
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. We find ______impossible for us ______a foreign language well in a short time.
A. one; learn　　　 B. it; to learn
C. that; to learn D. this; learning
【解析】选B。考查固定句式。句意: 我们认为对于我们来说短时间内学好一门外语是不可能的。根据句型find it+形容词+for sb. to do sth. “认为对于某人来说, 做某事是……”, 此处it是形式宾语, to do sth. 是真正的宾语。
2. We used to ______in the evening, but now we are getting used to ______early in the morning.
A. exercise; exercise B. exercise; exercising
C. exercised; exercise D. exercising; exercise
【解析】选B。考查used to和get used to的区别。句意: 我们过去常常在晚上锻炼, 但是现在我们正在习惯在早上锻炼。exercise锻炼, 是动词原形; exercising是动名词形式; exercised是过去式。第一个空考查短语used to do sth. 过去常常做某事, 故这里填动词原形; 第二个空考查短语get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事, 这里应填动名词形式。
3. Everybody can learn ______well. You have no ______to be worried about that.
A. how do it; reason B. how to do it; reason
C. what to do; excuse D. what to do it; excuse
【解析】选B。考查动词不定式和名词。句意: 每个人都能学会如何做好它。你没有理由担心那个。how to do sth. 如何做某事; what to do sth. 做什么。这两种结构符合疑问词+to do sth. 结构, 在句中可以作learn的宾语, 相当于省略了主语的宾语从句, 不能缺少to, 排除A; what to do中, what为关系代词, 作do的宾语, 所以不需要it作宾语, 排除D; reason名词, 理由; excuse名词, 借口。 根据语境可知, 此处表示“理由”, reason符合题意。
4. Although he is still a child, he is comfortable ______English. He ______feels good speaking Japanese.
A. speak; too B. speak; also
C. speaking; as well D. speaking; also
【解析】选D。考查固定搭配和副词。句意: 虽然他还是个孩子, 但他对说英语很自如。他说日语感觉也很好。be comfortable doing sth. 做某事很自如, 后接动名词, 故填speaking, 排除A和B; too副词, 也, 通常用在句尾, 用逗号隔开; also副词, 也, 通常用在句中, 具体在谓语动词前, 助动词和情态动词后; as well表示“也”, 通常用在句尾。根据题干空缺的位置为句中, 可知此处用also。
5. English learning is a cumulative (积累的) process. As long as you keep on, you will ______improve it.
A. gradually　 B. suddenly　 C. actually　 D. generally
【解析】选A。考查副词。句意: 英语学习是一个积累的过程。只要你坚持, 你将会逐渐地进步。gradually副词, 逐步地; suddenly副词, 突然地; actually副词, 实际上; generally副词, 普遍地; 根据句意可知, 只要坚持积累, 就会逐渐地进步。
能力关
Ⅲ. 选词填空
　　用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
speak, behave, exchange, use, worry, think, they, get, polite, cut
Dear Laura,
Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my student
1. exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice. They go out of 2. their way to make me feel at home. And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved! I’m very comfortable 3. speaking French now. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t 4. worry me as it used to.
My biggest challenge is learning how 5. to behave at the dinner table. As you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you’re not supposed to put your bread on your plate. You’re supposed to put it on the table! I 6. thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m
7. used to it. You’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit! You have to 8. cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is very 9. impolite to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more food, you should just say, “That was delicious. ” Also, you’re not supposed to put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually 10. getting used to it. I don’t find them so strange anymore.
I’ll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you’re having a good school year.
Yours,
Lin Yue
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
　　Table manners are about how to behave when you eat a meal. Different countries have different table manners. Now let’s see some table manners in the following countries.
Japan
It is OK to make some noises when you eat noodles in Japan. Making some noises is not rude but is praise to the cook. The Japanese also say it tastes better if you make some noises while eating.
What else to watch: it’s important to say “Thanks” before and after a meal.
France
In France, a meal is like a ceremony. People enjoy it and make it a special event. You should never discuss money over dinner. And going Dutch(各自付账) is not polite.
What else to watch: you need to finish everything on your plate.
Mexico
In Mexico, whenever you catch the eye of someone who’s eating, even a stranger, it’s good manners to say “provecho”, which means “enjoy”.
What else to watch: where you sit is important in this country. Before you get seated, look for place cards, or wait until the host seats you. And you must say “Enjoy your meal” before you leave the table.
【主旨大意】不同的国家有不同的餐桌礼仪。这篇短文向我们介绍了日本、法国、墨西哥这三个国家的一些餐桌礼仪。
1. What’s the polite way to eat noodles in Japan
A. Eating quietly. 　　　B. Eating quickly.
C. Leaving some. D. Making some noises.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据It is OK to make some noises when you eat noodles in Japan. 可知答案。
2. What don’t people like to talk about over dinner in France
A. Money. B. Weather.
C. Sports. D. News.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据You should never discuss money over dinner. 可知答案。
3. What should you say before you leave the table in Mexico
A. Goodbye. B. Enjoy your meal.
C. Thank you. D. The food is delicious.
【解析】选B。 细节理解题。 根据短文最后一句话And you must say“Enjoy your meal” before you leave the table. 可知答案。
4. Which of the following is TRUE
A. The Japanese always eat quietly.
B. People in France like going Dutch when eating out.
C. Where you sit is important in Mexico.
D. Strangers never talk to the people who are eating in Mexico.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中where you sit is important in this country可知答案。
5. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. sports stars B. dinner parties
C. eating habits D. table manners
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据短文第一段最后一句Now let’s see some table manners in the following countries. 可知, 短文主要谈论的是不同国家的餐桌礼仪。
根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1. In France, it’s impolite to put your __________(肘) on the table while eating.
2. Her __________(孙女)has started to work but her grandson is still at university.
3. He was a little boy, but he __________(举止, 表现) as if he was an adult.
4. All of us helped to clean up the old people’s home __________(除……之外) Eric. He had a bad cold.
5. These __________(基本的)table manners are useful. Please remember them well.
答案: 1. elbow　2. granddaughter　3. behaved
4. except 　5. basic
能力大提高
有趣的肢体语言
Body language is also important in our daily lives. However, it is quite different in different countries. Make up conversations according to the form below.
Body Language Country Meaning
nod most countries agreement
India/Pakistan disagreement
America/China all right
France unimportant
Japan money
答案: A: In my country, I usually nod when I agree with somebody.
B: Me, too. But in India and Pakistan, it is very different. If you nod, you mean you disagree.
写作专练
话题分析
写作话题: 谈论风俗习惯
写作内容: 1. 介绍不同国家的风俗习惯
2. 根据不同的风俗习惯提供合适的建议
写作指导: 1. 正确使用be supposed/expected to
2. 注意表达风俗习惯的词汇的运用
典例研磨
　　汤姆要到中国来学习, 并且受邀到中国朋友家做客, 他向你请教一些中国的礼节。假设你是王华, 请你用英语给汤姆写一封80词左右的电子邮件, 告诉他一些要注意的事项。
提示: 1. 买一些礼物; 　2. 准时到达;
3. 用餐时赞美菜的味道。
Step 1: 审题·研要求
1. 人称: 第二人称为主
2. 时态: 一般现在时为主
3. 核心: 到中国朋友家做客的注意事项
Step 2: 列纲·研结构
Step 3: 润色·磨篇章
Dear Tom, 　　Welcome to China. ① I know that you will visit your Chinese friend’s home. I am glad to tell you some good manners in China. If you do the following, I think you will feel comfortable. 　　First②, you are supposed to④ arrive on time. Being late is impolite③. It is also good to④ bring a small gift, such as flowers or fruit. You will probably use chopsticks to eat dinner. You’re not supposed to④ stick your chopsticks into your food. You should ④ say that the food is delicious while you are eating. Last but not least②, you are expected to④ say thanks after dinner. 　　I hope you’ll have a good time in China. Good luck! Yours, Wang Hua ①开头使用Welcome to China, 彰显中国礼仪, 很热情, 很亲切。 ②first/last but not least的运用使罗列建议条理分明。 ③使用动名词作主语, 语言简洁。 ④短语和句式的交替使用使原本单调的建议罗列不再枯燥无味。
实战练习
假如你们学校正在开展以“提升文明素养, 做文明礼仪的倡导者”为主题的活动, 请以Be a Student with Good Manners为题写一篇80词左右的英语短文, 指导大家如何行动(文中不得出现真实校名和姓名; 开头已给出, 不计入总词数)。要求包括以下要点:
1. 说话有礼貌; 2. 遵守交通规则;
3. 不乱扔垃圾; 4. 不踩踏草坪, 不采摘花朵;
5. 不在公共场所大声喧哗。
Be a Student with Good Manners
Nowadays we are trying our best to make our town become a civilized one. As students, we must know what we should do and what we shouldn’t do.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Be a Student with Good Manners
Nowadays we are trying our best to make our town become a civilized one. As students, we must know what we should do and what we shouldn’t do.
I think we should take an active part in this activity. First, we are supposed to speak politely. We can say “Thank you. ”“Excuse me, . . . ”, or “Could you please. . . ” as often as possible. Then, we should follow the traffic rules. Third, please don’t step on the grass or pick flowers. Do remember no matter where we go, be sure not to throw litter everywhere. What’s more, we shouldn’t speak loudly in public.
It’s our duty to do what we can to make our town more beautiful. I believe if everyone makes an effort, our town will be one of the most beautiful towns in our country.
【语用储备】
话题词汇
风俗礼仪整体介绍 custom风俗, 习俗; basic基本的, 基础的; exchange交换; suggestion建议; northern 北方的, 北部的; eastern东方的, 东部的
风俗礼仪详细描述 bow鞠躬; greet和……打招呼, 迎接; be supposed to应该; to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是; kiss亲吻, 接吻; shake hands 握手; for the first time 第一次; behave表现, 举止; worth值得, 有……价值(的); get mad大动肝火, 气愤; drop by顺便访问, 顺便进入; take off脱下(衣服), (飞机等)起飞
希望和祝福 get used to习惯于, make(sb. ) feel at home使(某人)感到宾至如归
【话题句式】
开头句:
1. There are some table manners in China.
在中国, 有一些餐桌礼仪。
2. We should have good eating habits.
我们应当有好的饮食习惯。
过渡句:
1. It is also good to bring a small gift.
带个小礼物也很好。
2. Another suggestion is to wear right clothes.
另一个建议是要穿得体的衣服。
结尾句:
1. I hope you have a good time!
我希望你过得愉快!
2. Everyone should have a healthy habit and love life.
每一个人都应该拥有健康的习惯并且热爱生活。
话题谚语:
1. When in Rome, do as Romans do.
入乡随俗。
2. Words are but wind, but seeing is believing.
耳听为虚, 眼见为实。

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