资源简介

2024届高考高三英语复习——阅读七选五-段尾设空题
1. 三年真题七选五-段尾设空题考点细目表
试卷 年份 体裁 主题语境 文 章 结构 选项特征 设空位置 段首 段中 段位
乙卷 2023 说明文 人 与 自 然 - 室 内 植物、及其好处 总 — 分 残 缺 句 + 完整句 0 3 2
甲卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--变得 有耐心的方法 总 — 分 残 缺 句 + 完整句 1 3 1
新高考 Ⅰ卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--学会 自我原谅 总 — 分 — 总 完整句 0 4 1
新高考 Ⅱ卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--怎样 开启艺术之旅 总 — 分 — 总 完整句 1 3 1
全 国 卷 Ⅰ/全 国 乙卷 2022 应用文 人与社会——人际 关系 总—分 残缺句+ 完整句 3 1 1
2021 说明文 人与社会——人际 交往 总—分 —总 残缺句+ 完整句 2 2 1
2020 说明文 人与自我—— 自我 接纳 总—分 完整句 1 3 1
2019 说明文 人与自然——新鲜 空气有助于健康 总—分 完整句 2 3 0
全 国 卷 Ⅱ/全 国 甲卷 2022 说明文 人与社会——社会 与文化 总—分 —总 残缺句+ 完整句 1 3 1
2021 说明文 人与自然——环境 保护 总—分 残缺句+ 完整句 1 4 0
2020 说明文 人与社会——表情 符号与职场交流 并列式 残缺句+ 完整句 1 4 0
2019 议论文 人与自我——有动 力的方法 总—分 完整句 1 4 0
全国 卷Ⅲ 2020 说明文 人与社会——乔迁 聚会 总—分 完整句 2 2 1
2019 说明文 人与自我——建立 健康有益的互动交 流 总—分 完整句 1 3 1
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
从近三年命题的命题来看，段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，
要么就是承上启下句。
【备考策略】
1）总结概括句
1. 做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；
2. 要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的词语如 thus, therefore, hence, so, as a result, in a word, in
short, to conclude, to sum up 等；
2）承上启下(过渡)句
1.在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，认真阅读下一段的开头几句，
看是否能紧密联系起来。
2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能连贯起来。
3.通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如 therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to
conclude, in short, in a word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
4.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内 容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比、转折、排比、并列、递进等关系。根据段落一致性原则，在
原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看， 预测 2024 年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文
为主，段尾句也是考查重点。
题型总览
若问题在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。也可以是承上启下（过渡）句子。
要注意表示结尾总结的词。
表概况归纳关系有：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion,
in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
考点一
总结概括句
1. （2022 年全国乙卷）
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain （保 持 ）
long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系）and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or
having a group chat.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
1.【2023 届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
Living in the moment is not always easy. Sometimes our thoughts are overwhelmed by regrets about past
events or anxiety about the future, which can make it hard to enjoy the present. If you are having a hard time living
in the moment, there are some simple strategies that may help.
●Change a routine. 16 One way that you can become more aware is to change up your routine. You can
do something as simple as changing the way that you drive to work or changing the way you introduce yourself.
●Learn how to meditate (冥想). Meditation is a great way to train your brain to live in the moment. Learning to meditate takes time, practice, and guidance. 17 . If no classes are available, you can also buy CDs that will
help you learn how to meditate.
●Be grateful for breaks. Instead of becoming impatient when you have to wait for something, practise being
grateful for the extra time to notice your surroundings. 18 For example, if you have to wait in a long line to purchase your morning coffee, take that time to observe your surroundings. As you do so, think about what you are
grateful for in that moment.
● 19 Performing random acts of kindness can help you to live in the moment by refocusing your
attention on what’s happening in front of you. Look for small things that you can do to show kindness to others.
The kind acts that you perform will help you to slow down and notice your surroundings.
●Smile and laugh more often. Living in the moment can be a challenge if you are in a bad mood or just feeling
a little down, but smiling and laughing can make you feel better even you force yourself to smile and
laugh. 20
A ．Do kind things for others.
B ．You’d better find a meditation class in your area.
C ．Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the time.
D ．To get started with meditation, find a quiet spot and get comfortable.
E ．Being grateful is an important principle of life and a great wisdom.
F ．You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your life.
G ．Even if you put on an affected smile, you should start to feel better right away.
考点二 承上启下(过渡)句
（2021·浙江卷片段） You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly
colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you
never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it 2 And that's totally fine” Seeking
other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【2023 届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三第四次模拟】
Nightmares(噩梦) are more common in childhood, but anywhere from 50% to 85% of adults report having
occasional nightmares. Almost everyone can experience nightmares and it influences our sleep quality.
16
____
Establish good sleeping habits.
17 Develop one by exercising, setting regular sleep and waking times. Remember to engage in
relaxing activities. Ensure your room is dark and cool.
Cut back on alcohol.
A lot of people use alcohol as a way to wind down and feel sleepy at the end of the day, but it’s really not the
right solution. 18
Journal your worries.
Journaling can help you release your anxieties. Write down your worries to get them all out ahead of time, lest they rear their disquieting heads(蠢蠢欲动)at night. Journnaling can be helpful for alleviating nightmares and stress
in general.
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 19
Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking
through pictures from your last vacation with your family.
20
____
Silence is key to a good sleep. But for people who either don’t like it to be completely quiet or who are
awakened by noises that they can’t control during the night, background noise is a good way. Try a fan or a white
noise machine or an app.
A ．Use a white noise machine.
B ．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C ．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D ．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E ．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep
F ．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G ．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
过关检测
（2021·四川凉山 · 统考二模）Truly happy and successful people get that way by becoming the best, most genuine
version of themselves they can be. Not on the outside — on the inside. It’s not about a brand, a reputation, a
persona (外表形象) . 1 Who you really are!
Sounds simple, I know. It is a simple concept. 2 If you want to do great work, it can take a lifetime to figure it out. And it’s going to take a lot of hard work to do it. You are going to have to break out of your
comfort zone and take some chances that will scare you.
3 But you know, I can’t think of a better way to spend your life. I mean, what’s life for if not
finding yourself and trying to become the best, most genuine version of you that you can be
That’s what Steve Jobs meant when he said this at a Stanford University graduation speech: Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. 4 You have to trust in something your gut (直觉) ,
destiny, life, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
Not only that, but what Jobs talking about, what I’m talking about, requires focus and discipline, two things that are very hard to come by these days. Why 5 It’s so much easier to give in to distraction and instant
pleasure. It’s easy and addictive.
A ．It’s about reality.
B ．If you haven’t found it, keep looking.
C ．Because focus and discipline are hard.
D ．Nothing worth doing in life is ever easy.
E ．But the problem is, it’s very hard to make it.
F ．The only way to do great work is to love what you do.
G ．Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice.
（2023·河南开封 · 统考三模）When you think of how much you do with your hands all day, from making yourself fried eggs in the morning to folding laundry in the evening, it becomes clear how vital skillfulness is to
daily life. 6 You need it to play sports, for example, or use a remote or a video game controller.
For some specific tips on improving skillfulness, we turned to a personal trainer Abdias Rojas. He said, “there are so many movements you can do to actually improve not just the strength of your hands but also flexibility in
your hands.” 7
Put rubber bands on your fingers, then expand and contract them. This will contribute to myofascial (肌筋膜
的) release and getting your hands to feel more comfortable.
To get a better sense of how much pressure you should apply when touching things, do hand exercise in sand.
8 But when you do hand exercise inside of a sandbox, put your hands in a box of sand, you can literally learn
to squeeze the sand and understand which joint or which finger is giving more giving more pressure or less
pressure.
9 Practice leaning into them with your palm down on the floor. Then, practice leaning into them
with the backs of your hands on the floor, rolling on them, like putting weight on and taking weight off the wrist.
Finally, try seated eccentric (偏心的) wrist extension. Sit upright with an arm on a table, holding a dumbbell with your hand hanging off the edge and your palm facing down. Use your other hand to curl your wrist up, lower
it, and repeat. 10
Don’t overlook the value of overall body health when it comes to improving skillfulness, either. Rojas pointed out that without the optimal gross (最佳的粗肌) and fine motor skills, which make up the skillfulness of our hands,
we would be unable to perform daily tasks.
A ．It sounds strange.
B ．Moreover, it helps you have fun, too.
C ．Here are the ones that he recommended.
D ．To strengthen your wrists, do wrist mobility drills.
E ．Do this in sets of two with 20 repetitions each, every day.
F ．To strengthen your sensation of touch, avoid working out with gloves.
G ．To start with the basics, flexibility is the skill of performing tasks, particularly with your hands.
（2019·湖北武汉 · 校联考一模）If something that you’redoing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change
you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. 11 So challenge the following limits:
1.Figure out what you’re scared of and do it continuously.
If you’re a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 12
But don’t stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, “Go on. I’m not scared!”
2. 13
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself,
taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
14 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not
only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
4.Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers, try to connect with the service staff. You never know what
kind of people they’re going to be. Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now. 15
A ．Someone may hang up on you.
B ．You should do it continuously.
C ．You don’t need to go to the gym.
D ．Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E ．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F ．Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.
G ．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
（2023·江西 · 江西师大附中校考三模）During job or school interviews, you’re likely to be asked what your strengths and weaknesses are, because the interviewers are interested in how your areas of strengths and weaknesses might affect your performance in this position. 16 For instance, you may be skilled in
cooking, but if you’re applying for an office job, this strength may be irrelevant.
However, knowing your personal areas of strengths and weaknesses is not a piece of cake. It takes self-awareness and self-reflection. 17 Or, ask some of your friends what they see as your best qualities or
shortcomings.
18 For example, let’s say my strength is creativity and yours is planning; we both want to have the same career. We might go about getting there in very different ways. If I did something creative to get my dream job and you planned carefully, we’d both likely be successful. But if I tried planning and you tried something
creative, both of us might fail. 19
Having a weakness doesn’t have to be a bad thing. It could be something you struggle with, but it could also be something you haven’t spent time developing yet. 20 For example, maybe your area of weakness is relevant to gratitude. You just haven’t spent a lot of time thinking about gratitude before. But now you engage in a
bunch of activities that help you turn gratitude into an area of strength. Hey, now you’ve got one more skill!
A ．Is it proper to begin with a truthful answer
B ．So ask yourself what you are good or weak at.
C ．Our areas of strengths can help us achieve our goals.
D ．Thus, it’s helpful to know your strengths related to the role.
E ．Many job applicants are unsure how to approach this question.
F ．By turning a weakness into a strength, you build other important skills.
G ．That’s why it is important to know and use our strengths to reach goals.
（2023·江苏南京 · 金陵中学校考模拟预测） Do Weighted Blankets Work
Sleep is supposed to be a natural thing, but if you wrestle with insomnia (失眠症), you may be tempted to try
pieces of equipment that promise better sleep. 21
“They’ve become the sleep tool to have,” says Alanna McGinn, founder and lead sleep expert at Good Night
Sleep Site. “I’m a huge supporter of them because they can work so well.”
About 32 percent of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 22 Insomnia impacts as many as 35 percent of adults from time to time, while 10 percent
have chronic trouble falling and staying asleep.
Choose one that’s around 10 percent of your body weight. 23 Inside is a layer of plastic, glass or metal balls surrounded by filling. McGinn says the blanket’s heaviness acts as a touch therapy called deep pressure stimulation. Just as wrapping babies tightly can send them to sleep, these blankets help your heart and breathing
rates slow and your body release feel-good hormones, including serotonin (血清素).
Are they effective A 2020 review study in the U.S. looked at eight previous studies and concluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety — but not necessarily insomnia. 24 A randomized controlled study in Sweden looked at 120 people with insomnia and also depression or anxiety. 25 People with conditions such as diabetes or breathing issues, however, should check with their doctor before using one. “And if
you’re someone who is a little afraid of an enclosed space, it’s probably not the best thing for you,” adds McGinn.
A ．It recommends at least seven hours a night for adults.
B ．Those who used a weighted blanket slept better and were less tired or anxious.
C ．The study found a significant rise in the related symptoms.
D ．But other 2020 research tells a slightly different story.
E ．One that might sound a little weird but that has been known to work is a weighted blanket.
F ．Dealing with such problems can be more or less tricky.
G ．Weighted blankets range between two and 14 kilograms.
（2023·山东 · 山东省实验中学校考二模） I’ve been living in Spain for decades and I securely guarantee that I have a talent in figuring out the cool hidden local spots. As a foreigner, I couldn’t care less about doing the touristy things or enjoying fancy cuisine. 26 So I always attempt to find something that’s appealing and fun yet
represents the local culture, and that offers an interaction with the locals.
My reputation for doing this has grown. 27 Since I am somewhat fluent in Spanish, I could charge people for this and become somewhat of an official tour guide. I choose not to though, because to me, the most important thing is making sure the tourist, who already spent a lot of time and money getting to where I am, has the fun and cultural experience they could possibly have. 28 In that case, tourists can explore the local culture further at the lowest cost. They could otherwise spend a significant sum of money on a guided tour that keeps them comfortable but separated from the culture. I choose to give them an experience that’s deeper and opens
their mind, all for free.
29 When someone is visiting your area, don’t just take them to the touristy spots. Show them the places that mean something to you. Show them your heart through the places that you show them and the experience you give them. There’s something good in almost every town out there. If you don’t have any spots in your area that you like, learn to find the good in the place you live. If you find the good in where you live, you will
also find the good in yourself. It’s a time that both you and the tourist will probably never obtain again. 30
A ．Everyone can do the same.
B ．I could hardly have imagined it would happen.
C ．It could also help me create a lifelong connection with them.
D ．What’s most crucial is experiencing the genuine country and culture.
E ．I know better than tourists themselves what they are eager to experience.
F ．Don’t rush the experience, thoroughly enjoy every moment with that person.
G ．I’m being asked frequently to offer people tours, both to friends and strangers.
（2023·广东 · 华南师大附中校考三模） There are countless articles online that will give you advice on how to
deal with homesickness, but here are some of my favorite advice and tips on what has helped me. 31 .
Make food from your home country
And if you don’t cook, try learning to cook with friends or find new places to eat. This may just be me loving
food, but eating with friends really makes things so much better. 32 .
Food can be connected to memories. You can talk about what this reminds you of, while also creating new
memories to mix with the ones that make you miss home.
Call home—but not every minute of every day
I was a little annoyed when I saw so many online sources phrase it this way: “Talk to your parents—but not too much. Call home—but not too often.” 33 . It’s good to keep in touch with your family and friends. However, it’s a problem when you’re talking to them so much that it’s stopping you from having real experience in
this new place.
34 . Call the people you love often, keep them updated with your life and ask them how life is going for them. You’re going to need that. Think of it this way—the more you’re living outside of your room, the more
you can tell them later about everything you’re learning.
35
There is nothing wrong with finding someone to talk about how you’re feeling. It can be friends and family, mentors or professors that you feel can understand you. Or it may mean talking to a counselor or getting psychological help if that’s what you think you need. Talking about mental health is becoming a lot more open. So, if you’re feeling homesick, it can also be helpful to do some research on who your university recommends you
reach out to.
A ．Talk to someone
B ．Do some research
C ．There is nothing wrong with being homesick
D ．So, of course, keep in touch with your family
E ．Hopefully, they will be helpful to you as well
F ．But, the thing is, they really have a point when they say that
G ．It’s a way to bond, an excuse to get closer, and you even get rewarded from it
（2022·四川泸州 · 校联考模拟预测）Sending a note of congratulations is a wonderful way to let someone
know you care about them. 36 , but these messages are an excellent way to stay in touch, develop a
relationship, and build goodwill.
In informal circumstances, it’s all right to send a message of congratulations in an e-mail. 37 . In a professional context, you might write a letter; in a more personal context, your messages should be hand-written on
high-quality note paper.
The purpose of a note of congratulations is straightforward: to recognize and congratulate the recipient on
some wonderful achievement, event, or milestone in her life. 38 .
Rather than writing a generic note, really take some time to brainstorm your content to make your message special. What do you know about how hard the reader worked to achieve this milestone Share personal insights and memories, and your note will mean that much more. 39 . People like to be praised for their general wonderfulness, but they especially like to know that you understand what they’ve been doing and effort they’ve
made.
40 . As you look over the draft, put yourself in the reader’s shoes and try to imagine how you would feel if you received such a note. Can you make it more personal, more meaningful Revise your draft until you
know you are sending a message you yourself would like to receive.
A ．Appreciate what went into the achievement
B ．A note like this can make your reader feel appreciated
C ．Choose general words to praise what they’ve achieved
D ．It’s a good idea to write out a rough draft before you actually write on nice paper
E ．However, your message will mean much more to the recipient if you put it on paper
F ．As technology develops, people can send messages of congratulations in various ways
G ．As the pace of life has accelerated, people are sending fewer messages of congratulations
（2023·四川巴中 · 统考一模）Friendship is a practice of unconditional love, an opportunity to grow together towards fulfillment (成就), and a journey to unfold the most precious capacities of a human being. 41 Here
4 key points to develop and sustain a true friendship.
42 Many times we blame the other person for what we feel, without realizing that we are presenting the bad power to him/her. This is not, however, something we must be afraid of or we should avoid. When we create a bond of affection with another human being, we are automatically vulnerable to the actions that are produced by
this person. Being aware of that, we would be better off if we take responsibility and accept the emotions that come
up in our inner world instead of blaming the other for what we are feeling.
Provide support and encouragement. Friendships aren’t all fun and games — they do require you put in some work. Say they’ve just quarreled with their parents or failed an exam. It’s your job to be there for them and provide
them with whatever they need, starting with support and comfort. 43
Whatever the case, make it apparent that you’re rooting for them.
Seek the good of the other person. When we love another person, we seek the good of the other because we gladden their own happiness. Therefore, our seeking for the other person’s good is totally disinterested. We serve
the other without expecting anything in return. 44
Accept the differences. 45 . Friendship welcomes differences and integrates them into a level of union that accepts and goes beyond them. Friendship involves recognizing that the value of the relationship is beyond our
personal traits and belief system.
A ．Be honest with each other.
B ．Acts of love are made for its own sake.
C ．Take responsibility of your own emotions.
D ．Additionally, it’s your duty to give them encouragement as needed.
E ．Human beings are relational beings, as everything we find in the nature.
F ．Therefore, developing friendship with other people is essential in our lives.
G ．Friendship doesn’t mean having the same interests, opinions and mindset as the other person.
（2023·河北石家庄 · 正定一中校考模拟预测）Insecurities are negative thoughts that can cause you to doubt yourself. According to the American Psychological Association, being insecure can make it difficult for you to trust
others, have healthy relationships, be confident of your abilities and reach for your goals. 46 .
Challenge negative self-talk. 47 . Then it’s important to start challenging it. For instance, if the voice is saying “Don’t try to dance because you’re a horrible dancer and everyone will laugh at you”, tell yourself “I’m
going to dance because I love dancing and the only thing I care about is having fun” .
48 . People who struggle with confidence tend to have a bias (偏见) about everything they believe they cannot do. Instead, focus your attention toward the things you do well and the areas in which you would like to
continue to improve.
Channel confidence. Try to channel times in your life when you were feeling confident and embody that
feeling. 49 —it could be when you made a great presentation, gave an important speech, or managed a difficult conversation. Get back into that head space and see how your thought patterns and body language also
radiate confidence.
Get comfortable with being uncomfortable. Stop avoiding things that make you uncomfortable. 50 .
Commit to doing something every day that pushes you to grow and become a stronger person.
A ．Focus on your strengths
B ．Follow your inner voices confidently
C ．Instead, take action to prevent those consequences
D ．Fortunately, you can help yourself feel less insecure
E ．For example, think about the time when you were proud of yourself
F ．Instead, start dealing with the things that scare you and facing the unknown
G ．Sometimes, you may get aware of the inner voice that’s putting doubts in your mind
（2023·河北衡水 ·衡水市第二中学校考三模） Bike Helmet(头盔) Safety
Bicycle riding is about as safe as walking. But when you’re riding in traffic or down a mountain trail, it can be
dangerous. Wearing a safe bicycle helmet correctly is the best way to protect your head in a crash.
Helmets have changed over the years and there are helmets made for lots of different activities. 51
Start by picking one that’s specially designed for biking.
To choose a helmet, first find the size of your head where a hatband or sweatband might sit. Use a fabric tape
measure or a piece of string and measure it with a ruler.
52 Hey, it happens! Turn the dial to adjust the tension until you feel comfortable—nod and shake
your head. The helmet should stay in place.
Adjust the helmet so that the front edge is level across your forehead, and 1 or 2 fingerbreadths above your eyebrows. 53 Next up, slide the side adjusters up so the side straps( 侧带)form a“V” with the point RIGHT under your ear, and ensure that both sides of the V are nice. 54 So check them when you put
your helmet on and re-tighten as needed.
Finally, look in a mirror to check your work—and make sure you look great! Things can shake a bit as you ride, so you may need to adjust a bit along the way. And remember that for most helmets, once you’ve crashed, the
helmet is trash, and it’s time to get a new one.
Alright, make a quick summary: 55 To wear it correctly, make sure the helmet is level and just
above your eyebrows. Then, adjust the straps so they hold the helmet properly in place.
A ．Straps often loosen.
B ．So it protects your head and face.
C ．Then check if the helmet suits you.
D ．Next, make sure the helmet’s not on backwards.
E ．Select a helmet that is safe for biking and fits your head.
F ．Some are multi-purpose, but they may not be made for riding.
G ．If you feel a bit of tension when you speak, you’ve done it right.
（2023·安徽合肥 · 合肥市第八中学校考模拟预测）Meeting strangers is probably one of most people’s biggest fears, only second to speaking in front of a crowd. Thankfully, it doesn’t have to be an experience as scary
as you might think. 56 .
Go out alone. Don’t always go to events with a friend or family member. 57 . If you go with someone you’re familiar with, you’re more likely to stay and talk to the person you already know rather than try to
talk with strangers.
58 . Most people’s favorite topics are about themselves. Even if you don’t have an interesting icebreaker, you can always ask people to talk about themselves—they’ll be more than happy to oblige you. For example: ask what they do for a living, where they’re from, or what they studied in school. 59 . They’ll
be excited to share their hobbies, and you might find that you have something in common!
Don’t be embarrassed if you’re visibly nervous. If your voice cracks or your handshake is sweaty, laugh it off. If you’re an amateur comedian and can make it into a joke, point it out and get people laughing with you. If it’s something that makes you feel less confident, just ignore it. Everyone gets nervous sometimes, so push past and
continue on with the conversation. 60 .
A ．Start by introducing yourself.
B ．Encourage people to talk about themselves.
C ．People can come to you when you’re alone.
D ．By going alone, you’re forced to meet other people.
E ．Don’t let it embarrass you enough that you have to walk away.
F ．These few easy tips will help you talk with strangers more comfortably.
G ．If you get someone talking about their interests, eventually you’ll see their true personalities come out.
（2023·江西 · 濂溪一中校联考模拟预测）How to prepare for a thrilling hike Hiking needs mental and
physical preparation weeks before the material day. If you’re a fan of hiking mountains. Here is a guide to help
you.
Train hard and train in time
You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. 61 You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. You can often carry your hiking stick to promote
stability. Keep track of your progress to help you achieve your goal.
Choose your clothes carefully
62 . Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. Long pants keep
you safe from stinging weeds, insects and tough weather.
63
You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. First, mind the terrain ( 地形) of the hiking ground. A mild terrain will do fine with light shoes. On the other hand. A tough, hard and
mountainous terrain require hardy hots to help navigate the rocky grounds.
Adequately pack your bag
Your bag is your lifeline when hiking. Water is the most essential itch when hiking. The body performs best when you hydrate frequently throughout the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip often. 64 These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. Hope for the lest but
always prepare for ever-agencies. Thus, ensure you have a flash light, a lighter and a whistle.
Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. 65
A ．Choose appropriate footwear
B ．Search for the route you will he hiking
C ．Carry a compass, a map and a gas with you
D ．Adequate water can help you be in good con lit ion
E ．create a regular schedule and be disciplined to follow it
F ．Wear appropriate clothes that allow your free movement
G ．Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience of it
（2023·福建福州 ·福建省福州第一中学校考三模）For decades, I was a hard drinker who could drink anyone under the table. This lasted from the age of 27 until after 50, a golden time during which I felt very sorry for ex-drinkers and people who couldn’t or wouldn’t drink. How did they make it through social situations, especially
parties What did they do at the end of a workday to celebrate and relax 66
When I first tried to quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first how it would work for me. But I did it anyway. 67 I was getting older. I had to concede that I wasn’t as tough as I used to be. Nights of drinking too much showed in my face, and I could feel it in my bones. I wanted to take care of myself. So for the next few years, I bounced between not drinking at all for months at a time, then slowly starting again until I had to
quit again.
During these years, I didn’t love not drinking. But I had to admit that when I was off booze, I looked and felt better physically: I slept more deeply, had more energy, exercised more. My mind was clearer. My moods were brighter. Parties were hard, and so was cooking at the end of a day of writing without a glass of wine at my elbow.
68
I finally quit drinking for real almost four years ago, on 12 July 2019, when a writer friend stayed with my husband and me after his wife kicked him out. After my husband had gone upstairs to bed, my friend sat on our sofa drinking an entire bottle of gin, complaining about his fate, until he passed out next to our dog, whose bed that
sofa was. 69 I didn’t have a drink the next night, or ever again since.
I’m not going to lie: being sober is not a hot-air balloon ride. 70 Having to feel my damn feelings without filters compels me to face and change the things in my life that keep me stuck. Hard work all around, but as my reward, I connect more deeply with the people I care about. I think of not drinking as a kindness I’ve given
myself. And to my surprise, it’s rewarded me with true, hard-won happiness.
A ．My body demanded it.
B ．My health started improving rapidly.
C ．It’s more like a hike in the mountains.
D ．How did they quit drinking
E ．It was a wake-up call.
F ．But the pluses seemed to outweigh the minuses.
G ．How did they get through life
（2023·浙江丽水 · 校联考三模）Garden lights are extremely important. 71 We have prepared the ultimate guide that aims to provide you with all the information that you could possibly need. So, what are you
waiting for Let’s get started.
The first thing that you need to do is to use LED lights that are known for their low heat emission. It would also help reduce the attraction to flies or insects. 72 Hence, you need to go for a lower heat emissions
option. The lights are good for the environment and help you save energy costs.
Next, you have to install light shields (保护罩) for creating a physical barrier between the outdoor elements and lights. By getting light shields, you get to increase the protection of your expensive outdoor lights. 73
Don’t forget to take the accurate measurement of the lights when shopping for light shields.
When it comes to using garden lights, location is everything. 74 You need to place the garden lights in a location where the outdoor lighting components would be protected from the elements. They should provide
sufficient lighting and last a long time at the same time.
Finally, you also have to maintain the garden lights system for ensuring that it continues to be properly controlled. Regardless of which type of garden lights you get, you have to ensure that they are well maintained and
serviced from time to time. 75 You have no excuse not to get them serviced.
A ．It is not something that should be taken lightly.
B ．Unexpected elements will cause damage to the lights.
C ．It can be frustrating to see them taking over the lighting.
D ．Place them in the correct position to work and last a long time.
E ．They can make your garden area safer and more beautiful in no time.
F ．You should seek help from a lighting professional for the best outcome.
G ．They also help ensure the lights do not shine too bright in just one spot.
真题演练
(
2023
年
)
Passage 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. 16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 17 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality
that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without
being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 18
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 19 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait
until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 20 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
Passage 2
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what
it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and maybe a springboard for more complex works in the future. 16 You’ll want to look back on your journey
to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you
paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 17
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every
day for a month and post the works online.
· 19 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level
of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
Passage 3
【2023 年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are
the unsung heroes of the home. 16 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by
improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look
after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 17 .
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 18 . I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. 19 .
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 20 ,” Spoelstra says. “It can
bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
Passage 4
【2023 年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is
one answer. 16 .
___
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’dbe a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
17 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 18 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes
before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other,
more annoying situations.
● 19 .
___
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to
yourself, “ 20 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
Passage 5
【2023 年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as
they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.
35
____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not
counted in rankings. 36
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 37 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. 38 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result？ Many
instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
39 Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do They should give strong consideration to universities where
high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
(
2022
年阅读理解七选五
(
说明文
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)
Passage1
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “ 16 ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle
(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. 17 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful
response. 18 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the noticeboard of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also
listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 19
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 20 Over time, both of you will benefit — your
partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship
is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
Passage2
【2022 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can
be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
16 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 17 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of
ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 18 Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱)
paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
19 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. 20 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
Passage3
【2022 年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 16 .
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 17 . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as
leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
18 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· 19
___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
20 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try
to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
Passage4
【2022 年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 16 . Knowing some
tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
17 .
___
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your lefthand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 18 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any
food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
19 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. 20 , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
Passage5
【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures,
we tend to ignore our health. 35 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
36 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions
we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 38 For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups
and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39 This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
Passage6
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. 11
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. 12 And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. 13 You write “Dear
Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
14 Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. 15 This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
Passage7
【2022 年浙江卷 1 月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that
allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1
want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业 ）around the people and
activities you love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds
up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
Passage8
【2022 年浙江卷 6 月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would
give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. 11
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. 12 And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. 13 You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
14 Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. 15 This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their
audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(
2021
年阅读理解七选五
(
说明文
)
)
Passage1
【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you
read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the
benefits of being able to read more quickly. 16
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 17
18 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 19 A
history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.
In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 20 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well
as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the
page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading sp2024届高考高三英语复习——阅读七选五-段尾设空题
1. 三年真题七选五-段尾设空题考点细目表
试卷 年份 体裁 主题语境 文 章 结构 选项特征 设空位置 段首 段中 段位
乙卷 2023 说明文 人 与 自 然 - 室 内 植物、及其好处 总 — 分 残 缺 句 + 完整句 0 3 2
甲卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--变得 有耐心的方法 总 — 分 残 缺 句 + 完整句 1 3 1
新高考 Ⅰ卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--学会 自我原谅 总 — 分 — 总 完整句 0 4 1
新高考 Ⅱ卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--怎样 开启艺术之旅 总 — 分 — 总 完整句 1 3 1
全 国 卷 Ⅰ/全 国 乙卷 2022 应用文 人与社会——人际 关系 总—分 残缺句+ 完整句 3 1 1
2021 说明文 人与社会——人际 交往 总—分 —总 残缺句+ 完整句 2 2 1
2020 说明文 人与自我—— 自我 接纳 总—分 完整句 1 3 1
2019 说明文 人与自然——新鲜 空气有助于健康 总—分 完整句 2 3 0
全 国 卷 Ⅱ/全 国 甲卷 2022 说明文 人与社会——社会 与文化 总—分 —总 残缺句+ 完整句 1 3 1
2021 说明文 人与自然——环境 保护 总—分 残缺句+ 完整句 1 4 0
2020 说明文 人与社会——表情 符号与职场交流 并列式 残缺句+ 完整句 1 4 0
2019 议论文 人与自我——有动 力的方法 总—分 完整句 1 4 0
全国 卷Ⅲ 2020 说明文 人与社会——乔迁 聚会 总—分 完整句 2 2 1
2019 说明文 人与自我——建立 健康有益的互动交 流 总—分 完整句 1 3 1
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
从近三年命题的命题来看，段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，
要么就是承上启下句。
【备考策略】
1）总结概括句
1. 做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；
2. 要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的词语如 thus, therefore, hence, so, as a result, in a word, in
short, to conclude, to sum up 等；
2）承上启下(过渡)句
1.在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，认真阅读下一段的开头几句，
看是否能紧密联系起来。
2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能连贯起来。
3.通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如 therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to
conclude, in short, in a word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
4.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内 容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比、转折、排比、并列、递进等关系。根据段落一致性原则，在
原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看， 预测 2024 年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文
为主，段尾句也是考查重点。
题型总览
若问题在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。也可以是承上启下（过渡）句子。
要注意表示结尾总结的词。
表概况归纳关系有：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion,
in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
考点一
总结概括句
1. （2022 年全国乙卷）
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain （保 持 ）
long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系）and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or
having a group chat.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
第一步: 确定考查题型特点(段尾句)。
第二步: 根据前面 With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.在繁 忙的日程中， 挤时间打电话可能是一个挑战。可知， 此空与时间有关， 故 D 项 试着找到一个适合你们两个人的时间并坚持下去是对上文的总结概括。
第三步: 代入选项, 阅读全文,确定答案为 D。
1.【2023 届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
Living in the moment is not always easy. Sometimes our thoughts are overwhelmed by regrets about past
events or anxiety about the future, which can make it hard to enjoy the present. If you are having a hard time living
in the moment, there are some simple strategies that may help.
●Change a routine. 16 One way that you can become more aware is to change up your routine. You can
do something as simple as changing the way that you drive to work or changing the way you introduce yourself.
●Learn how to meditate (冥想). Meditation is a great way to train your brain to live in the moment. Learning to meditate takes time, practice, and guidance. 17 . If no classes are available, you can also buy CDs that will
help you learn how to meditate.
●Be grateful for breaks. Instead of becoming impatient when you have to wait for something, practise being
grateful for the extra time to notice your surroundings. 18 For example, if you have to wait in a long line to purchase your morning coffee, take that time to observe your surroundings. As you do so, think about what you are
grateful for in that moment.
● 19 Performing random acts of kindness can help you to live in the moment by refocusing your
attention on what’s happening in front of you. Look for small things that you can do to show kindness to others.
The kind acts that you perform will help you to slow down and notice your surroundings.
●Smile and laugh more often. Living in the moment can be a challenge if you are in a bad mood or just feeling
a little down, but smiling and laughing can make you feel better even you force yourself to smile and
laugh. 20
A ．Do kind things for others.
B ．You’d better find a meditation class in your area.
C ．Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the time.
D ．To get started with meditation, find a quiet spot and get comfortable.
E ．Being grateful is an important principle of life and a great wisdom.
F ．You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your life.
G ．Even if you put on an affected smile, you should start to feel better right away.
【答案】 16 ．F 17 ．B 18 ．C 19 ．A 20 ．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们几条关于如何活在当下的建议。
16 ．根据段落小标题“Change a routine. (改变常规。)”可知， 本段的建议是要打破常规， F 项中的“you are too
set in your life”和标题中的“routine”F 项： You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your
life. (你可能无法活在当下， 因为你的生活太一成不变了。 )是对小标题的进一步解释说明， 符合语境。故选
F。
17．根据段落小标题“Learn how to meditate (冥想). (学会如何冥想。)”可知， 本段的建议是学会冥想， B 项中
的“a meditation class ”与标题中的“meditate”对应，与下文的“If no classes are available”也是呼应的。 B 项：
You’d better find a meditation class in your area. (你最好在你所在的地区找一个冥想班。 )符合语境。故选 B。 18 ．根据此空前一句“the extra time (额外的时间)”的提示以及本段首句“Be grateful for breaks. (对休息心存感 激。)”可知， 本段建议要享受额外的休息时间。C 项：Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the time. (把
额外的时间当作休息，珍惜这段时间。 )符合语境。故选 C。
19 ．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Performing random acts of kindness can help you to live in the moment by
refocusing your attention on what’s happening in front of you. Look for small things that you can do to show
kindness to others. The kind acts that you perform will help you to slow down and notice your surroundings. (做一 些随意的善举可以帮助你活在当下，把你的注意力重新集中在你面前发生的事情上。寻找你能做的小事来 表达对他人的善意。你所做的善事会帮助你放慢脚步， 注意你周围的环境。)”可知， 本段主要建议要做善事。
A 项： Do kind things for others. (为别人做好事。 )符合语境。故选 A。
20．根据段落小标题“Smile and laugh more often. (经常微笑和大笑。)”可知， 本段建议的关键词是“smile”。G 项：Even if you put on an affected smile, you should start to feel better right away. (即使你装出一副做作的笑容，
你也应该马上开始感觉好起来。 )符合语境。故选 G。
考点二 承上启下(过渡)句
(
【
2023
届吉
林省长春吉
大附中实验
学校高三第
)
（2021·浙江卷片段） You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly
colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you
never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it 2 And that's totally fine” Seeking
other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
第一步: 确定考查题型特点(段尾句)。
第二步: 上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34 岁 的 葡 萄 牙 电 脑 工 程 师 Paulo Magalhaes 喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。 或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了 Paulo 喜欢明信片的 个人爱好。下文“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少 与他志趣相投的人。选项 G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也 喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了 上文 Paulo 喜欢明信片， 也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选 G 项。
第三步: 代入选项, 阅读全文,确定答案为 G。
四次模拟】
Nightmares(噩梦) are more common in childhood, but anywhere from 50% to 85% of adults report having
occasional nightmares. Almost everyone can experience nightmares and it influences our sleep quality.
16
____
Establish good sleeping habits.
17 Develop one by exercising, setting regular sleep and waking times. Remember to engage in
relaxing activities. Ensure your room is dark and cool.
Cut back on alcohol.
A lot of people use alcohol as a way to wind down and feel sleepy at the end of the day, but it’s really not the
right solution. 18
Journal your worries.
Journaling can help you release your anxieties. Write down your worries to get them all out ahead of time, lest they rear their disquieting heads(蠢蠢欲动)at night. Journnaling can be helpful for alleviating nightmares and stress
in general.
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 19
Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking
through pictures from your last vacation with your family.
20
____
Silence is key to a good sleep. But for people who either don’t like it to be completely quiet or who are
awakened by noises that they can’t control during the night, background noise is a good way. Try a fan or a white
noise machine or an app.
A ．Use a white noise machine.
B ．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C ．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D ．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E ．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep
F ．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G ．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
【答案】 16 ．E 17 ．C 18 ．D 19 ．F 20 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍克服成人噩梦，获得更好睡眠的的 5 种方法。
16 ．根据上文提示“Nightmares(噩梦) are more common in childhood, but anywhere from 50% to 85% of adults
report having occasional nightmares. Almost everyone can experience nightmares and it influences our sleep
quality.” （噩梦在童年时期更常见， 但 50%到 85%的成年人偶尔会做噩梦。几乎每个人都会做噩梦， 它会影 响我们的睡眠质量。）可知， 下文应该在说如何减少噩梦， 提高睡眠质量。承接上文， E 项 How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep （我们怎样才能减少噩梦，改善睡眠呢？）切题，且下文本段都是一条关
于减少噩梦，改善睡眠的建议。故选 E。
17 ．根据本段标题“Establish good sleeping habits.(养成良好的睡眠习惯。 )”可知，本段主要讲要养成好的睡 眠习惯， 根据下文提示“Develop one by exercising, setting regular sleep and waking times.” （通过锻炼， 设定有 规律的睡眠和起床时间来培养一个（好的睡眠习惯）。）可知， 介绍了如何养成好的睡眠习惯。C 项“A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.” （健康的睡眠习惯会带来良好的睡眠。）引起下文， “A healthy sleep routine”
呼应标题中的“good sleeping habits”，且下文的“one”指代选项中的“A healthy sleep routine”。故选 C。
18．根据上文提示“A lot of people use alcohol as a way to wind down and feel sleepy at the end of the day, but it’s really not the right solution.” （很多人在一天结束的时候用酒精来放松和感到困倦， 但这真的不是正确的解决 方案。），可知， 要缩减酒精， 用其他有益睡眠的饮料代替。承接上文， D 项“Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.” （相反，尝试草药茶和其他有助于睡眠的饮料。）切题。 D 项中的 Instead 与上文构成转
折。故选 D。
19 ．根据上文提示“Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your
dreams.” （睡前观看的任何令人兴奋或不安的内容都会出现在你的梦中。）可知，睡觉前看那些好的或不好 的消息都会出现在你的梦中， 再根据下文提示“Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking through pictures from your last vacation with your family.” （阅读新 闻媒体， 然后跳到床上， 比浏览上次和家人度假的照片更容易引发令人不安的梦。）可知， 阅读这些新闻使 你不安，这说明阅读的新闻是不好的消息，由此可知， F 项“During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are
looking pretty scary, too.” （在大流行病期间，甚至我们的日常生活看起来也相当可怕。）符合，引起下文，
新闻媒体播放的那些消息正是疫情期间那些人们可怕的生活，即下文“the news media”内容指的是“even our
everyday lives are looking pretty scary”。故选 F。
20．该空是小标题， 应用祈使句， 剩下的选项中只有 A 项是祈使句， 再根据该段内容“Silence is key to a good
sleep. But for people who either don’t like it to be completely quiet or who are awakened by noises that they can’t
control during the night, background noise is a good way. Try a fan or a white noise machine or an app.” （安静是 好睡眠的关键。但对于那些不喜欢完全安静的人，或者那些在晚上被无法控制的噪音吵醒的人来说，背景 噪音是一个好方法。试试风扇、白噪音机或应用程序。）可知， 有些人睡觉时喜欢有噪音。由此可知， A 项
“Use a white noise machine.” （使用白噪音机。）切题。故选 A。
过关检测
（2021·四川凉山 · 统考二模）Truly happy and successful people get that way by becoming the best, most genuine version of themselves they can be. Not on the outside — on the inside. It’s not about a brand, a reputation, a
persona (外表形象) . 1 Who you really are!
Sounds simple, I know. It is a simple concept. 2 If you want to do great work, it can take a lifetime to figure it out. And it’s going to take a lot of hard work to do it. You are going to have to break out of your
comfort zone and take some chances that will scare you.
3 But you know, I can’t think of a better way to spend your life. I mean, what’s life for if not
finding yourself and trying to become the best, most genuine version of you that you can be
That’s what Steve Jobs meant when he said this at a Stanford University graduation speech: Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. 4 You have to trust in something your gut (直觉) ,
destiny, life, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
Not only that, but what Jobs talking about, what I’m talking about, requires focus and discipline, two things that are very hard to come by these days. Why 5 It’s so much easier to give in to distraction and instant
pleasure. It’s easy and addictive.
A ．It’s about reality.
B ．If you haven’t found it, keep looking.
C ．Because focus and discipline are hard.
D ．Nothing worth doing in life is ever easy.
E ．But the problem is, it’s very hard to make it.
F ．The only way to do great work is to love what you do.
G ．Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice.
【答案】 1 ．A 2 ．E 3 ．D 4 ．G 5 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。真正快乐成功的人会长成最好最真实的自己，从内心而非外表上。重要的不
是品牌、 名誉或者外表形象，而是真实的自我。
1 ．根据上文“Truly happy and successful people get that way by becoming the best, most genuine version of
themselves they can be. Not on the outside — on the inside. It’s not about a brand, a reputation, a persona (外表形 象). (真正快乐和成功的人是通过成为最好的、最真实的自己来实现的。不是在外面，是在里面。这与品牌、 声誉、个人形象无关)”以及下一句“Who you really are! (真正的自己)”可知， 上文提到了对真正快乐和成功的 定义，后文则强调真正的自己，可推测本句此处说的是真正的自己。故 A 选项“这是关于现实的”符合上下
文语境。 故选 A。
2．根据上文“Sounds simple, I know. It is a simple concept. (听起来很简单， 我知道。这是一个简单的概念)”以 及后文“If you want to do great work, it can take a lifetime to figure it out. And it’s going to take a lot of hard work to do it. (如果你想做一件伟大的工作， 可能要花一辈子的时间才能弄清楚。要做到这一点需要付出很多艰苦 的努力)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，说的是一些事情说起来简单，但也很难做到。故 E 选项“但问题是，
很难做到”符合上下文语境。 故选 E。
3 ．根据下文“But you know, I can’t think of a better way to spend your life. I mean, what’s life for if not finding
yourself and trying to become the best, most genuine version of you that you can be (但你知道， 我想不出更好的 方式来度过你的一生。我的意思是，如果没有发现自己，没有努力成为最好、最真实的自己，生活还有什 么意义？ )”可知此处说的是生活中的很多事情并不容易，但是只有努力，生活才有意义。 故 D 选项“在生
活中值得做的事从来都不容易”符合上下文语境。 故选 D。
4 ．根据上一句“That’s what Steve Jobs meant when he said this at a Stanford University graduation speech: Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. (这就是史蒂夫·乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业演讲中所说 的：你的时间有限，所以不要浪费时间过别人的生活)”可知，上文引用了名人的话“不要浪费时间过别人的 生活” ，说明此处说的是不要过别人的生活。故 G 选项“不要让别人的意见淹没了你内心的声音”符合上下文
语境。 故选 G。
5 ．根据上文“Not only that, but what Jobs talking about, what I’m talking about, requires focus and discipline, two things that are very hard to come by these days. Why (不仅如此，乔布斯所谈论的，我所谈论的，都需要专注 和自律， 而这两点在今天是很难做到的。为什么？ )”可知， 本句回答上文为什么的问题， 说明专注和纪律两
件事现在很难做到。 C 选项中 focus and discipline 对应上文 focus and discipline。故 C 选项“ 因为专注和纪律
很难”符合上下文语境。故选 C。
（2023·河南开封 · 统考三模）When you think of how much you do with your hands all day, from making yourself fried eggs in the morning to folding laundry in the evening, it becomes clear how vital skillfulness is to
daily life. 6 You need it to play sports, for example, or use a remote or a video game controller.
For some specific tips on improving skillfulness, we turned to a personal trainer Abdias Rojas. He said, “there are so many movements you can do to actually improve not just the strength of your hands but also flexibility in
your hands.” 7
Put rubber bands on your fingers, then expand and contract them. This will contribute to myofascial (肌筋膜
的) release and getting your hands to feel more comfortable.
To get a better sense of how much pressure you should apply when touching things, do hand exercise in sand. 8 But when you do hand exercise inside of a sandbox, put your hands in a box of sand, you can literally learn to squeeze the sand and understand which joint or which finger is giving more giving more pressure or less
pressure.
9 Practice leaning into them with your palm down on the floor. Then, practice leaning into them
with the backs of your hands on the floor, rolling on them, like putting weight on and taking weight off the wrist.
Finally, try seated eccentric (偏心的) wrist extension. Sit upright with an arm on a table, holding a dumbbell with your hand hanging off the edge and your palm facing down. Use your other hand to curl your wrist up, lower
it, and repeat. 10
Don’t overlook the value of overall body health when it comes to improving skillfulness, either. Rojas pointed out that without the optimal gross (最佳的粗肌) and fine motor skills, which make up the skillfulness of our hands,
we would be unable to perform daily tasks.
A ．It sounds strange.
B ．Moreover, it helps you have fun, too.
C ．Here are the ones that he recommended.
D ．To strengthen your wrists, do wrist mobility drills.
E ．Do this in sets of two with 20 repetitions each, every day.
F ．To strengthen your sensation of touch, avoid working out with gloves.
G ．To start with the basics, flexibility is the skill of performing tasks, particularly with your hands.
【答案】6 ．B 7 ．C 8 ．A 9 ．D 10 ．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高手灵活性的锻炼方法和注意事项。
6 ．根据空前“When you think of how much you do with your hands all day, from making yourself fried eggs in the morning to folding laundry in the evening, it becomes clear how vital skillfulness is to daily life. (当你想到你整天 用手做了多少事情， 从早上自己煎鸡蛋到晚上叠衣服， 你就会清楚地知道技巧对日常生活是多么重要)”可知， 手的灵活性对日常生活很重要。根据空后“You need it to play sports, for example, or use a remote or a video game controller.(例如，你需要它来进行体育运动，或者使用遥控器或视频游戏控制器)”可知，此处通过举例来说 明手的灵活性也能帮助我们获得乐趣，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是手指灵活性可以给我们带来乐 趣这一事实， B 项 Moreover, it helps you have fun, too.(此外， 它也能让你玩得开心)指出手指的灵活性可以让 我们获得乐趣，承接上文，引出下文，而且 B 项中的 it 指代上文的 skillfulness ，Moreover 与上文构成递进
关系，符合上下文语境。故选 B 项。
7 ．根据上文“For some specific tips on improving skillfulness, we turned to a personal trainer Abdias Rojas. He
said, “there are so many movements you can do to actually improve not just the strength of your hands but also
flexibility in your hands.(为了获得一些提高技巧的具体建议，我们请教了私人教练 Abdias Rojas。他说： “你 可以做很多动作， 不仅可以提高双手的力量， 还可以提高双手的灵活性)”可知，此处讲的是向私人教练 Abdias Rojas 请教一些增强灵活性的建议。根据下文“Put rubber bands on your fingers, then expand and contract them.(把 橡皮筋套在手指上， 然后伸展和收缩)”可知， 下文列举了私人教练 Abdias Rojas 所给出的各项建议， 空处承
上启下，所以空处应该讲的是这里有一些具体的建议可以参考， C 选项 Here are the ones that he
recommended. (以下是他们推荐的)指出有一些建议可以参考， 承接上文， 引出下文， 符合上下文语境。故选
C 项。
8 ．根据上文“To get a better sense of how much pressure you should apply when touching things, do hand exercise in sand.(为了更好地了解触摸东西时应该施加多大的压力，可以在沙子中进行手部练习)”可知，此处讲的我
们可以通过在沙子中进行练习来了解触摸东西时我们所应该施加的压力。根据下文“But when you do hand
exercise inside of a sandbox, put your hands in a box of sand, you can literally learn to squeeze the sand and
understand which joint or which finger is giving more pressure or less pressure.(但是当你在沙箱里做手部练习时， 把你的手放在沙箱里， 你可以真正地学会挤压沙子， 并了解哪个关节或哪个手指施加的压力更大或更小)”可 知，此处解释了我们要在沙子里进行手部的练习的原因，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是在沙子里进
行手部练习可能让我们感到不解， A 选项 It sounds strange. (这听起来很奇怪)承接上文，引出下文，而且 A
项的 it 指代上文的 do hand exercise in sand 这一做法，符合上下文语境。故选 A 项。
9 ．空处位于段首，应是本段的段首句。根据空后“Practice leaning into them with your palm down on the floor. Then, practice leaning into them with the backs of your hands on the floor, rolling on them, like putting weight on and taking weight off the wrist.(练习身体前倾， 手掌朝下放在地板上。然后， 练习俯身， 手背放在地板上， 在 上面滚动， 就像增加重量和减轻手腕重量一样)”可知， 本段主要阐述的是为了加强手腕， 可以做手腕移动练 习， D 项 To strengthen your wrists, do wrist mobility drills.(为了加强你的手腕，做手腕活动练习)指出要通过
手腕移动练习来增强手腕的力量，概括全段，符合上下文语境。故选 D 项。
10 ．根据上文“Finally, try seated eccentric (偏心的) wrist extension. Sit upright with an arm on a table, holding a dumbbell with your hand hanging off the edge and your palm facing down. Use your other hand to curl your wrist up, lower it, and repeat.(最后， 尝试坐姿偏心的手腕伸展。坐直， 一只手臂放在桌子上， 拿着哑铃， 手垂在哑 铃边缘， 手掌朝下。用另一只手把手腕向上弯曲， 放下， 然后重复)”可知， 此处的建议是尝试坐姿偏心伸展 手腕以及其具体做法， 所以接下来应该讲述这个动作锻炼的强度。E 项 Do this in sets of two with 20 repetitions
each, every day.(每天做两组，每组 20 次)指出训练的强度是多少，符合上下文语境。故选 E 项。
（2019·湖北武汉 · 校联考一模）If something that you’redoing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change
you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. 11 So challenge the following limits:
1.Figure out what you’re scared of and do it continuously.
If you’re a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 12
But don’t stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, “Go on. I’m not scared!”
2. 13
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself,
taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
14 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not
only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
4.Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers, try to connect with the service staff. You never know what
kind of people they’re going to be. Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now. 15
A ．Someone may hang up on you.
B ．You should do it continuously.
C ．You don’t need to go to the gym.
D ．Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E ．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F ．Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.
G ．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
【答案】 11 ．G 12 ．A 13 ．F 14 ．C 15 ．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人们不应该局限于现状， 应该走出舒适圈， 挑战自我， 文章给出了 4 个建议。 11 ．根据上文“If something that you’redoing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. (如果你正在做的事情没有挑战你， 那么它也不会改变你。毕竟， 我们在生 活中都需要一些正常的压力。 )”，下文“So challenge the following limits: (所以挑战以下限制： )”可知，人们 应该给自己一点挑战和压力， 空出与下文为因果关系， G 项“You can never see any improvement if you stick to
your comfort zone. (如果你坚持自己的舒适区，你永远不会看到任何进步。 )” ，G 项起到承上启下的作用，
上下文衔接连贯，故选 G 项。
12．根据上文“If you’re a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. (如 果你是一名销售人员，现在你害怕亲自与人交谈或打电话，不要害怕，不要认为你会失败，每天至少花五 分钟拿起电话打个电话。)”可知， 作为销售人员， 不要害怕打电话， 下文“But don’t stop on the first try! (但是 不要在第一次尝试时就停止！ )”，根据句中 But 可知， 下文与设空处为转折关系， A 项“Someone may hang up on you. (有人可能会挂断你的电话。)”，句中的 hang up on you，话题与上文一致，都在谈论打电话这件事，
上下文衔接连贯，故选 A 项。
13 ．此处考查段落小标题，下文“Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve
your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from
helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income. (确保这个爱好与你 的职业无关；在做这个的时候，你必须放松，释放你的压力。比如烹饪、缝纫、绘画等等。除了帮助你挑
战自我之外， 为你的爱好参加课程也可以给你带来额外的收入)”可知， 本段主要讲述了培养职业之外的爱好
及其好处，taking a class for your hobby 为复现短语，FTake a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.
(参加一个你一直想培养爱好的培训班。 )”，符合本段主旨，适合作为主题句，故选 F 项。
14 ．本段的小标题为“Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. (每天至少留出 9 分钟时间进行
体育锻炼)”，本段主要讲述锻炼，下文“A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for
yourself. (绕着你的邻居跑步 9 分钟可以给你带来奇效。 )”可知， 锻炼不必太在意场地， C 项“You don’t need
to go to the gym. (你不需要去健身房。 )”，下文承接 C 项，衔接连贯，故选 C 项。
15 ．本段小标题为“Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. (去旅行，让自己对新的人感兴
趣。 )”，根据上文“Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now. (Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now.)”可知， 本段主要讲述旅游， Travel 为复现词， E 项“Start to travel now and
learn to challenge yourself. (现在就开始旅行， 学会挑战自己。)”，E 项承接上文， 呼应本段主题。故选 E 项。
（2023·江西 · 江西师大附中校考三模）During job or school interviews, you’re likely to be asked what your strengths and weaknesses are, because the interviewers are interested in how your areas of strengths and weaknesses might affect your performance in this position. 16 For instance, you may be skilled in
cooking, but if you’re applying for an office job, this strength may be irrelevant.
However, knowing your personal areas of strengths and weaknesses is not a piece of cake. It takes self-awareness and self-reflection. 17 Or, ask some of your friends what they see as your best qualities or
shortcomings.
18 For example, let’s say my strength is creativity and yours is planning; we both want to have the same career. We might go about getting there in very different ways. If I did something creative to get my dream job and you planned carefully, we’d both likely be successful. But if I tried planning and you tried something
creative, both of us might fail. 19
Having a weakness doesn’t have to be a bad thing. It could be something you struggle with, but it could also be something you haven’t spent time developing yet. 20 For example, maybe your area of weakness is relevant to gratitude. You just haven’t spent a lot of time thinking about gratitude before. But now you engage in a
bunch of activities that help you turn gratitude into an area of strength. Hey, now you’ve got one more skill!
A ．Is it proper to begin with a truthful answer
B ．So ask yourself what you are good or weak at.
C ．Our areas of strengths can help us achieve our goals.
D ．Thus, it’s helpful to know your strengths related to the role.
E ．Many job applicants are unsure how to approach this question.
F ．By turning a weakness into a strength, you build other important skills.
G ．That’s why it is important to know and use our strengths to reach goals.
【答案】 16 ．D 17 ．B 18 ．C 19 ．G 20 ．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何认识和利用好自己的优势和劣势。
16 ．根据空后的“For instance, you may be skilled in cooking, but if you’re applying for an office job, this strength may be irrelevant.(例如，你可能擅长烹饪，但如果你申请的是办公室工作，这一优势可能就无关紧要了)”可 知，此处举例说明空处的内容，所以此空处讲述的内容应与“优势与职位是否相关”有关， D 选项“Thus, it’s helpful to know your strengths related to the role.(因此，它有助于了解自己的优势与作用)”中的 thus 为关键词，
结合句意可知， D 选项与空前内容为因果关系，且内容吻合。故选 D 项。
17．根据空前的“However, knowing your personal areas of strengths and weaknesses is not a piece of cake. It takes self-awareness and self-reflection.(然而，了解自己的优势和劣势并不是一件容易的事。这需要自我意识和自 我反省)”可知，认识到自己的优势不是一件容易得事情， 根据空后“Or, ask some of your friends what they see as your best qualities or shortcomings.(或者， 问问你的一些朋友， 他们认为你的优点和缺点是什么)”内容中的 or 可以推断， 此空处讲述的内容与“如何了解自己的优势”相关， B 选项“So ask yourself what you are good or weak at.(所以问问你自己你擅长什么或者哪方面弱)”内容与空前内容为因果关系，且与空后的 or 为选择关系，符
合逻辑。故选 B 项。
18．分析语篇可知， 此空为本段的主题句， 根据空后列举的例子“For example, let’s say my strength is creativity
and yours is planning; we both want to have the same career. We might go about getting there in very different
ways. If I did something creative to get my dream job and you planned carefully, we’d both likely be successful.
But if I tried planning and you tried something creative, both of us might fail. .(例如，假设我的优势是创造力和你 的优势是计划；我们都想拥有同样的事业。我们可能会以非常不同的方式到达那里。如果我做了一些有创 意的事情来得到我梦寐以求的工作，而你精心策划，我们都有可能成功。但如果我试着做策划，而你试着 做一些有创意的事情，我们俩都可能失败)”可知，该段举例说明的是“恰当利用好自己的优势能促进成功”， C 选项“Our areas of strengths can help us achieve our goals.(我们的优势可以帮助我们实现目标)”讲述的内容与
空后举例内容吻合，且概括了本段的主题。故选 C 项。
19．分析语篇可知， 此空位于段位， 可能是对本段的总结， 根据空前的“If I did something creative to get my dream
job and you planned carefully, we’d both likely be successful. But if I tried planning and you tried something
creative, both of us might fail.(如果我做了一些有创意的事情来得到我梦寐以求的工作，而你精心策划，我们 都有可能成功。但如果我试着做策划， 而你试着做一些有创意的事情， 我们俩都可能失败)”可知， 只有知道 自己的优势并且利用合理能促进我们成功， 但是利用不当便会失败， G 选项“That’s why it is important to know and use our strengths to reach goals.(这就是为什么了解并利用我们的优势来实现目标是很重要的)”中的that 指
代的内容与空前的内容吻合，且构成因果关系。故选 G 项。
20 ．根据空后列举的例子“For example, maybe your area of weakness is relevant to gratitude. You just haven’t
spent a lot of time thinking about gratitude before. But now you engage in a bunch of activities that help you turn
gratitude into an area of strength.(例如， 也许你的劣势与感恩有关。你只是以前没有花很多时间思考感恩。但 现在你参与了一系列活动，这些活动可以帮助你把感恩变成一种优势)”可知，此处列举内容表达的是“劣势 有时候可以转化为优势” ，F 选项“By turning a weakness into a strength, you build other important skills.(把劣势 变成优势， 构建其他重要的技能)”讲述的是“将劣势转换为优势的好处” ，内容与空后的举例内容相关。故选
F 项。
（2023·江苏南京 · 金陵中学校考模拟预测） Do Weighted Blankets Work
Sleep is supposed to be a natural thing, but if you wrestle with insomnia (失眠症), you may be tempted to try
pieces of equipment that promise better sleep. 21
“They’ve become the sleep tool to have,” says Alanna McGinn, founder and lead sleep expert at Good Night
Sleep Site. “I’m a huge supporter of them because they can work so well.”
About 32 percent of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 22 Insomnia impacts as many as 35 percent of adults from time to time, while 10 percent
have chronic trouble falling and staying asleep.
Choose one that’s around 10 percent of your body weight. 23 Inside is a layer of plastic, glass or metal balls surrounded by filling. McGinn says the blanket’s heaviness acts as a touch therapy called deep pressure stimulation. Just as wrapping babies tightly can send them to sleep, these blankets help your heart and breathing
rates slow and your body release feel-good hormones, including serotonin (血清素).
Are they effective A 2020 review study in the U.S. looked at eight previous studies and concluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety — but not necessarily insomnia. 24 A randomized controlled study in Sweden looked at 120 people with insomnia and also depression or anxiety. 25 People with
conditions such as diabetes or breathing issues, however, should check with their doctor before using one. “And if
you’re someone who is a little afraid of an enclosed space, it’s probably not the best thing for you,” adds McGinn.
A ．It recommends at least seven hours a night for adults.
B ．Those who used a weighted blanket slept better and were less tired or anxious.
C ．The study found a significant rise in the related symptoms.
D ．But other 2020 research tells a slightly different story.
E ．One that might sound a little weird but that has been known to work is a weighted blanket.
F ．Dealing with such problems can be more or less tricky.
G ．Weighted blankets range between two and 14 kilograms.
【答案】21 ．E 22 ．A 23 ．G 24 ．D 25 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以帮助人们解决睡眠问题的重力毯。
21．前文“Sleep is supposed to be a natural thing, but if you wrestle with insomnia (失眠症), you may be tempted to try pieces of equipment that promise better sleep.(睡眠应该是一件很自然的事情，但如果你正在与失眠作斗争， 你可能会想尝试一些能让你睡得更好的用具)”引入失眠的话题，提到解决失眠的用具， E 项“One that might sound a little weird but that has been known to work is a weighted blanket.(一个听起来可能有点奇怪，但已知有
效的方法是重力毯)”承接前文，点明文章标题中的重力毯（Weighted Blankets），符合语境。故选 E。
22 ．前文“About 32 percent of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.(根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据， 大约32%的美国人睡眠不足)”提到美国人面临的睡眠问题， A 项“It recommends at least seven hours a night for adults.(它建议成年人每晚至少睡 7 个小时)”承接前文， 说明 睡眠充足的标准， 其中的“It”指代前文的“the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”，符合语境。故选 A。 23．前文“Choose one that’s around 10 percent of your body weight.(选择一个体重占你体重 10%左右的)”引入重 力毯重量的选择， G 项“Weighted blankets range between two and 14 kilograms.(重力毯的重量在 2 到 14 公斤
之间)”承接前文，介绍具体的重量范围，符合语境。故选 G。
24 ．前文“Are they effective A 2020 review study in the U.S. looked at eight previous studies and concluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety — but not necessarily insomnia.(它们有效吗？ 2020 年美国的一项综述 研究回顾了之前的八项研究， 得出结论认为重力毯有助于减轻焦虑， 但不一定能减轻失眠)”讨论重力毯是否 有效， 用相关研究结果作说明， D 项“But other 2020 research tells a slightly different story.(但 2020 年的其他研
究讲述了一个略有不同的故事)”承接前文， 也在讨论相关研究结果， 和前文的语义有转折， 符合语境。故选
D。
25 ．后文“People with conditions such as diabetes or breathing issues, however, should check with their doctor
before using one.(然而，患有糖尿病或呼吸问题的人在使用之前应该咨询医生)”提到重力毯可能不适用的人 群，和前文语义有转折， B 项“Those who used a weighted blanket slept better and were less tired or anxious.(那 些使用重力毯的人睡得更好， 更少疲劳和焦虑)”说明重力毯的作用， 可以和后文形成转折， 符合语境。故选
B。
（2023·山东 · 山东省实验中学校考二模） I’ve been living in Spain for decades and I securely guarantee that I have a talent in figuring out the cool hidden local spots. As a foreigner, I couldn’t care less about doing the touristy things or enjoying fancy cuisine. 26 So I always attempt to find something that’s appealing and fun yet
represents the local culture, and that offers an interaction with the locals.
My reputation for doing this has grown. 27 Since I am somewhat fluent in Spanish, I could charge people for this and become somewhat of an official tour guide. I choose not to though, because to me, the most important thing is making sure the tourist, who already spent a lot of time and money getting to where I am, has the fun and cultural experience they could possibly have. 28 In that case, tourists can explore the local culture further at the lowest cost. They could otherwise spend a significant sum of money on a guided tour that keeps them comfortable but separated from the culture. I choose to give them an experience that’s deeper and opens
their mind, all for free.
29 When someone is visiting your area, don’t just take them to the touristy spots. Show them the places that mean something to you. Show them your heart through the places that you show them and the experience you give them. There’s something good in almost every town out there. If you don’t have any spots in your area that you like, learn to find the good in the place you live. If you find the good in where you live, you will
also find the good in yourself. It’s a time that both you and the tourist will probably never obtain again. 30
A ．Everyone can do the same.
B ．I could hardly have imagined it would happen.
C ．It could also help me create a lifelong connection with them.
D ．What’s most crucial is experiencing the genuine country and culture.
E ．I know better than tourists themselves what they are eager to experience.
F ．Don’t rush the experience, thoroughly enjoy every moment with that person.
G ．I’m being asked frequently to offer people tours, both to friends and strangers.
【答案】26 ．D 27 ．G 28 ．C 29 ．A 30 ．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是作者作为一位生活在西班牙的外国人，建议人们带游客体
验一下当地一些吸引人的、有趣又能代表当地文化的地方。
26 ．根据空后“So I always attempt to find something that’s appealing and fun yet represents the local culture, and that offers an interaction with the locals.(所以我总是试图找到一些既吸引人又有趣的东西， 同时又能代表当地
文化，并提供与当地人互动的机会)”中的 so 可知，此空处讲述的内容与空后内容为因果关系， D 选项
“What’s most crucial is experiencing the genuine country and culture.(最重要的是体验真正的国家和文化)”中的 experiencing the genuine country and culture 与空后内容相关，都与体验当地文化相关，且与空后内容为因果
关系。故选 D 项。
27．根据空后的“Since I am somewhat fluent in Spanish, I could charge people for this and become somewhat of an official tour guide.(因为我的西班牙语说得比较流利， 所以我可以向人们收取费用， 这样我就可以成为一名正 式导游)”可知，此处讲述的是作者因西班牙语说的很流利而成为正式的导游，G 选项“I’m being asked frequently to offer people tours, both to friends and strangers.(我经常被要求提供人们提供旅游，既有朋友也有陌生人)”讲
述的内容与作者作导游相关。故选 G 项。
28 ．根据空前的“I choose not to though, because to me, the most important thing is making sure the tourist, who already spent a lot of time and money getting to where I am, has the fun and cultural experience they could possibly have.(但我选择不这么做， 因为对我来说， 最重要的是确保那些已经花了很多时间和金钱来到我所在的地方 的游客， 能尽可能地享受到乐趣和文化体验)”可知， 作者认为最重要的是确保游客体验到该有的乐趣和文化 体验，结合空后“In that case, tourists can explore the local culture further at the lowest cost.(在这种情况下,游客 们可以以最低的成本进一步研究当地文化)”可知， 那样的话， 游客就能以最低的价格体验当地文化， 由其中 的 in that case 可推断，此空处是使游客能以最低的价格体验当地文化的方式， C 选项“It could also help me create a lifelong connection with them.(它还可以帮我与他们创建一个终身关系)”中的 them 与空前的 they 指代
一致，且与空后的 in that case 指代内容相关。故先 C 项。
29．分析语篇可知， 此空处为本段的主题， 根据空后的“When someone is visiting your area, don’t just take them
to the touristy spots. Show them the places that mean something to you. Show them your heart through the places
that you show them and the experience you give them.(当有人来你的地区旅游时，不要只带他们去旅游景点。
带他们去那些对你有意义的地方。通过你带他们去的地方和你给他们的经历， 向他们展示你的心)”可知， 本
段讲述的是有人去你所在的地区，不要带他们去景点，你可以带他们去你觉得有意义的地方，结合上一段
中讲述的作者带他游客去他所在地区体验当地文化可知，该段讲述的与上文作者的做法一样， A 选项
“Everyone can do the same.(每个人都可以做同样的事情)”概括了本段的内容，且起到了承上启下的作用。故
选 A 项。
30．根据空前的“It’s a time that both you and the tourist will probably never obtain again.(这是一个你和游客可能 永远不会再获得的时刻)”可知， 此处讲述的是这是与游客很可能永远不会获得的时间， F 选项“Don’t rush the experience, thoroughly enjoy every moment with that person.(不要匆忙的体验，彻底享受和那人在一起的每一 刻)”中的“enjoy every moment with that person.”与空前的内容吻合，其中的 that person 与空前的 the tourist 指
代一致。故选 F 项。
（2023·广东 · 华南师大附中校考三模） There are countless articles online that will give you advice on how to
deal with homesickness, but here are some of my favorite advice and tips on what has helped me. 31 .
Make food from your home country
And if you don’t cook, try learning to cook with friends or find new places to eat. This may just be me loving
food, but eating with friends really makes things so much better. 32 .
Food can be connected to memories. You can talk about what this reminds you of, while also creating new
memories to mix with the ones that make you miss home.
Call home—but not every minute of every day
I was a little annoyed when I saw so many online sources phrase it this way: “Talk to your parents—but not too much. Call home—but not too often.” 33 . It’s good to keep in touch with your family and friends. However, it’s a problem when you’re talking to them so much that it’s stopping you from having real experience in
this new place.
34 . Call the people you love often, keep them updated with your life and ask them how life is going for them. You’re going to need that. Think of it this way—the more you’re living outside of your room, the more
you can tell them later about everything you’re learning.
35
There is nothing wrong with finding someone to talk about how you’re feeling. It can be friends and family, mentors or professors that you feel can understand you. Or it may mean talking to a counselor or getting psychological help if that’s what you think you need. Talking about mental health is becoming a lot more open. So,
if you’re feeling homesick, it can also be helpful to do some research on who your university recommends you
reach out to.
A ．Talk to someone
B ．Do some research
C ．There is nothing wrong with being homesick
D ．So, of course, keep in touch with your family
E ．Hopefully, they will be helpful to you as well
F ．But, the thing is, they really have a point when they say that
G ．It’s a way to bond, an excuse to get closer, and you even get rewarded from it
【答案】31 ．E 32 ．G 33 ．F 34 ．D 35 ．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应对想家的几种方法。
31．根据空前的“There are countless articles online that will give you advice on how to deal with homesickness, but here are some of my favorite advice and tips on what has helped me.(网上有无数的文章会给你关于如何处理乡 愁的建议， 但这里有一些我最喜欢的建议和技巧， 它们对我很有帮助。)”可知我有一些应对想家的建议和技 巧，根据后文“Make food from your home country(制作来自祖国的食物)”可知下文是在提出自己的一些具体 建议， 空处承上启下， 所以空处应该讲的是希望我的建议会对你有帮助， E 项 Hopefully, they will be helpful to you as well(希望它们也能对你有所帮助)指出我希望自己的这些建议会对你有帮助，承接上文，引出下文，
而且 E 项中的 they 指代上文的 some of my favorite advice and tips，符合上下文语境。故选 E 项。
32．根据本段小标题“Make food from your home country(制作来自祖国的食物)及空前“And if you don’t cook, try
learning to cook with friends or find new places to eat. This may just be me loving food, but eating with friends
really makes things so much better.(如果你不做饭， 试着和朋友一起做饭， 或者找新的地方吃饭。这可能只是 我对食物的热爱， 但和朋友一起吃饭真的会让事情变得更好。)”可知本段主要讲的是通过制作食物或者和朋 友一起吃饭来减轻对于家的想念，空处位于段末，对前文进行总结，所以空处应该讲与朋友一起吃饭的好 处，G 项It’s a way to bond, an excuse to get closer, and you even get rewarded from it(这是一种增进感情的方式， 一个拉近距离的借口， 你甚至还能从中得到回报)指出与朋友一起吃饭的好处， 对前文进行了总结， 而且 G
项中的 It 指代上文的 eating with friends 这件事，符合上下文语境。故选 G 项。
33 ．根据本段小标题“Call home—but not every minute of every day(给家里打电话——但不要每时每刻都打电
话)”以及空前“I was a little annoyed when I saw so many online sources phrase it this way: “Talk to your
parents—but not too much. Call home—but not too often.”(当我在网上看到这么多这样的说法时，我有点恼火： “和你的父母谈谈——但不要太多。 ”给家里打电话，但不要太频繁。 ”)”可知我对于网上的一些建议与家人
打电话不要太频繁的说法有些恼火，根据空后“It’s good to keep in touch with your family and friends.
However, it’s a problem when you’re talking to them so much that it’s stopping you from having real experience in this new place.(与家人和朋友保持联系是件好事。然而，当你和他们聊得太多的时候，这会阻碍你在这个新 地方获得真正的体验， 这是一个问题。)”可知虽然与家人保持联系是一件好事， 但是许多在线资源认为如果 同家人聊太多则会不利于自己在新的地方获得一个真正的体验，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是许多 在线资源认为不应该同家里联系太频繁实际上是有道理的， F 项 But, the thing is, they really have a point when they say that.(但问题是， 他们这么说确实有道理。)指出建议不同家人频繁联系是道理的， 而且 F 项中的 they
指代的是前文的 so many online sources ，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选 F 项。
34．根据空前“However, it’s a problem when you’re talking to them so much that it’s stopping you from having real experience in this new place.(然而， 当你和他们说得太多时， 这会阻碍你在这个新地方获得真正的体验， 这就
是一个问题。 )”可知同家人与朋友说太多会阻碍自己在新地方的体验，根据空后“Call the people you love
often, keep them updated with your life and ask them how life is going for them. You’re going to need that. Think
of it this way—the more you’re living outside of your room, the more you can tell them later about everything
you’re learning. (经常给你爱的人打电话，让他们了解你的生活，问问他们生活得怎么样。你需要那样做。
这样想——你在外生活的时间越长， 你以后就越能告诉他们你学到的东西。)”可知此处讲的是要经常给自己 爱的人打电话的原因，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲虽然同家人联系太频繁会阻碍自己在新地方的体验， 但是这并不代表不同家人联系， 相反一定要同家人联系， D 项 So, of course, keep in touch with your family(所 以， 当然， 要和家人保持联系。 )指出要同家人保持联系， 承接上文， 引出下文， 符合上下文语境。故选 D
项。
35 ．空处为本段标题，应提出一项策略，同时对空后内容进行概括，根据空后“There is nothing wrong with
finding someone to talk about how you’re feeling. It can be friends and family, mentors or professors that you feel
can understand you. Or it may mean talking to a counselor or getting psychological help if that’s what you think
you need.(找个人谈谈你的感受并没有错。可以是你觉得能理解你的朋友、家人、导师或教授。或者，如果 你认为自己需要的话，这可能意味着与咨询师交谈或获得心理帮助。)”可知本段讲的是同别人交谈的好处， 所以空处应该提出同别人进行交谈的建议，A 项 Talk to someone(与别人交谈)提出同别人进行交谈的建议，
对全段内容进行概括，符合上下文语境。故选 A 项。
（2022·四川泸州 · 校联考模拟预测）Sending a note of congratulations is a wonderful way to let someone
know you care about them. 36 , but these messages are an excellent way to stay in touch, develop a
relationship, and build goodwill.
In informal circumstances, it’s all right to send a message of congratulations in an e-mail. 37 . In a professional context, you might write a letter; in a more personal context, your messages should be hand-written on
high-quality note paper.
The purpose of a note of congratulations is straightforward: to recognize and congratulate the recipient on
some wonderful achievement, event, or milestone in her life. 38 .
Rather than writing a generic note, really take some time to brainstorm your content to make your message special. What do you know about how hard the reader worked to achieve this milestone Share personal insights and memories, and your note will mean that much more. 39 . People like to be praised for their general wonderfulness, but they especially like to know that you understand what they’ve been doing and effort they’ve
made.
40 . As you look over the draft, put yourself in the reader’s shoes and try to imagine how you would feel if you received such a note. Can you make it more personal, more meaningful Revise your draft until you
know you are sending a message you yourself would like to receive.
A ．Appreciate what went into the achievement
B ．A note like this can make your reader feel appreciated
C ．Choose general words to praise what they’ve achieved
D ．It’s a good idea to write out a rough draft before you actually write on nice paper
E ．However, your message will mean much more to the recipient if you put it on paper
F ．As technology develops, people can send messages of congratulations in various ways
G ．As the pace of life has accelerated, people are sending fewer messages of congratulations
【答案】36 ．G 37 ．E 38 ．B 39 ．A 40 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。写贺信是保持联系、发展关系、建立友好关系的好方法，文章对如何写贺信提
出了建议和方法。
36 ．根据前文“Sending a note of congratulations is a wonderful way to let someone know you care about them.(发
送祝贺信息是让别人知道你关心他们的一种很好的方式)”和后文“but these messages are an excellent way to
stay in touch, develop a relationship, and build goodwill.(但这些信息是保持联系、发展关系、建立友好关系的 好方法)”可知，此处是指现在很少人发送祝贺信息了，故选项 G“随着生活节奏的加快，人们发送的祝贺信
息越来越少。 ”切合文意。故选 G。
37．根据后文“In a professional context, you might write a letter; in a more personal context, your messages should be hand-written on high-quality note paper.(在专业语境中，你可能会写一封信；在更私人的情况下，你的信息 应该手写在高质量的便签纸上)”可知，此处是指祝贺信息最好是手写，故选项 E“然而，如果你把你的信息
写在纸上，对收件人来说会更有意义。 ”切合文意。故选 E。
38 ．根据前文“The purpose of a note of congratulations is straightforward: to recognize and congratulate the
recipient on some wonderful achievement, event, or milestone in her life.(贺信的目的很简单：表彰和祝贺收信人 在她生命中取得的一些了不起的成就、事件或里程碑)”可知，选项 B 中的 this 是指“表彰和祝贺收信人在她 生命中取得的一些了不起的成就、事件或里程碑” ，此处是指像这样的贺信会让收信人感到被欣赏， 故选项
B“这样的便条能让你的读者感到被欣赏。 ”切合文意。故选 B。
39 ．根据后文“People like to be praised for their general wonderfulness, but they especially like to know that you understand what they’ve been doing and effort they’ve made.(人们喜欢因为他们的出色而被称赞， 但他们尤其喜 欢知道你理解他们所做的事情和所付出的努力)”可知， 此处是指赞扬对方为取得成就所付出的努力， 所以选
项 A“赞赏为成就所付出的一切。 ”切合文意。故选 A。
40 ．根据后文“As you look over the draft, put yourself in the reader’s shoes and try to imagine how you would feel if you received such a note.(当你看草稿的时候，设身处地为读者着想，试着想象如果你收到这样一封便条你 会有什么感受)”可知，此处是指在正式写贺信之前先打草稿。所以选项 D“在你真正写在好纸上之前，先写
一份草稿是个好主意。 ”切合文意。故选 D。
（2023·四川巴中 · 统考一模）Friendship is a practice of unconditional love, an opportunity to grow together towards fulfillment (成就), and a journey to unfold the most precious capacities of a human being. 41 Here
4 key points to develop and sustain a true friendship.
42 Many times we blame the other person for what we feel, without realizing that we are presenting the bad power to him/her. This is not, however, something we must be afraid of or we should avoid. When we create a bond of affection with another human being, we are automatically vulnerable to the actions that are produced by this person. Being aware of that, we would be better off if we take responsibility and accept the emotions that come
up in our inner world instead of blaming the other for what we are feeling.
Provide support and encouragement. Friendships aren’t all fun and games — they do require you put in some
work. Say they’ve just quarreled with their parents or failed an exam. It’s your job to be there for them and provide
them with whatever they need, starting with support and comfort. 43
Whatever the case, make it apparent that you’re rooting for them.
Seek the good of the other person. When we love another person, we seek the good of the other because we gladden their own happiness. Therefore, our seeking for the other person’s good is totally disinterested. We serve
the other without expecting anything in return. 44
Accept the differences. 45 . Friendship welcomes differences and integrates them into a level of union that accepts and goes beyond them. Friendship involves recognizing that the value of the relationship is beyond our
personal traits and belief system.
A ．Be honest with each other.
B ．Acts of love are made for its own sake.
C ．Take responsibility of your own emotions.
D ．Additionally, it’s your duty to give them encouragement as needed.
E ．Human beings are relational beings, as everything we find in the nature.
F ．Therefore, developing friendship with other people is essential in our lives.
G ．Friendship doesn’t mean having the same interests, opinions and mindset as the other person.
【答案】41 ．F 42 ．C 43 ．D 44 ．B 45 ．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了培养和维持真正友谊的四个要点。
41．根据上文“Friendship is a practice of unconditional love, an opportunity to grow together towards fulfillment (成 就), and a journey to unfold the most precious capacities of a human being.” （友谊是一种无条件的爱的实践， 是
一个共同成长的机会，也是一个展现人类最宝贵能力的旅程。）说明发展友谊的好处。结合选项 F 项
Therefore, developing friendship with other people is essential in our lives. （因此，与他人发展友谊在我们的生
活中是必不可少的。）和上文内容语意递进，形成逻辑上的因果关系，上下文语意连贯。故选 F 项。
42 ．该题为段落主题句，总结该段内容。根据该段内容“Many times we blame the other person for what we
feel, without realizing that we are presenting the bad power to him/her. This is not, however, something we must be afraid of or we should avoid. When we create a bond of affection with another human being, we are automatically
vulnerable to the actions that are produced by this person. Being aware of that, we would be better off if we take
responsibility and accept the emotions that come up in our inner world instead of blaming the other for what we are feeling.” （很多时候， 我们因为自己的感受而责备别人， 却没有意识到我们把不好的力量呈现给了他/她。然 而，这不是我们必须害怕或应该避免的事情。当我们与另一个人建立感情纽带时，我们会自动受到这个人 的行为的影响。意识到这一点，如果我们承担责任，接受来自我们内心世界的情绪，而不是因为我们的感
受而责怪别人，我们会过得更好。） 可知，主要讲的是如果我们承担责任，接受来自我们内心世界的情绪，
而不是因为我们的感受而责怪别人，我们会过得更好。结合选项 C 项 Take responsibility of your own
emotions. （对自己的情绪负责。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选 C 项。
43．根据该段主题句“Provide support and encouragement.” （提供支持和鼓励。）以及上文“It’s your job to be there for them and provide them with whatever they need, starting with support and comfort.” （你的工作就是在他们身 边，提供他们需要的任何东西，从支持和安慰开始。）可知，本段讲的是给予支持和安慰。结合选项 D 项 Additionally, it’s your duty to give them encouragement as needed. （此外，你有责任在他们需要的时候给予鼓
励。）和上文内容一致，为对上文内容的补充和递进，上下文语意连贯。故选 D 项。
44 ．上文“Therefore, our seeking for the other person’s good is totally disinterested. We serve the other without
expecting anything in return.” （因此，我们对他人利益的追求是完全无私的。我们服务他人，不求任何回
报。）说明爱是无私的。结合选项 B 项 Acts of love are made for its own sake. （爱的行为是为了爱本身。）意
思一致，为对上文内容的总结。故选 B 项。
45 ．根据该段主题句“Accept the differences.” （接受差异。）以及下文“Friendship welcomes differences and
integrates them into a level of union that accepts and goes beyond them.” （友谊欢迎差异，并将它们整合成一种 接受并超越差异的联盟。）可知， 讲的都是关于友谊接受差异方面的内容。故可推断空格处内容为与此相关， 结合选项G 项Friendship doesn’t mean having the same interests, opinions and mindset as the other person. （友谊
并不意味着和另一个人有相同的兴趣、观点和心态。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选 G 项。
（2023·河北石家庄 · 正定一中校考模拟预测）Insecurities are negative thoughts that can cause you to doubt yourself. According to the American Psychological Association, being insecure can make it difficult for you to trust
others, have healthy relationships, be confident of your abilities and reach for your goals. 46 .
Challenge negative self-talk. 47 . Then it’s important to start challenging it. For instance, if the voice is saying “Don’t try to dance because you’re a horrible dancer and everyone will laugh at you”, tell yourself “I’m
going to dance because I love dancing and the only thing I care about is having fun” .
48 . People who struggle with confidence tend to have a bias (偏见) about everything they believe
they cannot do. Instead, focus your attention toward the things you do well and the areas in which you would like to
continue to improve.
Channel confidence. Try to channel times in your life when you were feeling confident and embody that feeling. 49 —it could be when you made a great presentation, gave an important speech, or managed a difficult conversation. Get back into that head space and see how your thought patterns and body language also
radiate confidence.
Get comfortable with being uncomfortable. Stop avoiding things that make you uncomfortable. 50 .
Commit to doing something every day that pushes you to grow and become a stronger person.
A ．Focus on your strengths
B ．Follow your inner voices confidently
C ．Instead, take action to prevent those consequences
D ．Fortunately, you can help yourself feel less insecure
E ．For example, think about the time when you were proud of yourself
F ．Instead, start dealing with the things that scare you and facing the unknown
G ．Sometimes, you may get aware of the inner voice that’s putting doubts in your mind
【答案】46 ．D 47 ．G 48 ．A 49 ．E 50 ．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种克服缺乏安全感的方法。
46．上文“According to the American Psychological Association, being insecure can make it difficult for you to trust others, have healthy relationships, be confident of your abilities and reach for your goals.(根据美国心理协会的说 法， 缺乏安全感会使你难以信任他人、建立健康的人际关系、对自己的能力充满信心并实现目标)”可知， 这 些是缺乏安全感的危害， D 项“幸运的是， 你可以帮助自己减少不安全感”提到了克服该消极情绪的方法， 起
到了承上启下的作用。故选 D 项。
47 ．根据下文“Then it’s important to start challenging it. For instance, if the voice is saying...(然后开始挑战它是 很重要的。例如，如果这个声音说 ……)”可知，空处是关于内心的声音， G 项“有时，你可能会意识到那个
让你怀疑自己的内心声音的存在”符合语境，下中的 it 指代的是 G 项中的 the voice。故选 G 项。
48 ．下文“Instead, focus your attention toward the things you do well and the areas in which you would like to
continue to improve.(相反，把注意力集中在你做得好的事情以及你想继续改进的领域上)”可知，你要把精力
集中在想要让自己变好的领域或者是事情上， A 项“专注于你的强项”适合作为本段的主题句。故选 A 项。
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