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Unit4讲义1 感叹句,祈使句和情态动词
【单词梳理】
____________ n.规则；规章 ____________ v.到达 ____________ n.走廊；过道
____________ n.大厅；礼堂 ____________n v.听；倾听 ___________ v. &n.打架；战斗
____________ adj.抱歉的；惋惜的 ____________ adv/adj在外面;外面的 __________ v.穿；戴
____________ adj.重要的 ____________ v.带来；取来 ____________ n.校服；制服
____________ adj安静的 ____________ adv.外出 ____________ v.& n.练习
____________ n.碟；盘 ____________ conj/adv在…以前 ____________ adj.脏的
____________ n.厨房 ____________ adj. pron.更多的 ____________ adj.吵闹的
____________v.放松；休息 ____________ v.读；阅读 ___________ adj.非常讨厌的；可怕的
____________ v.感受；觉的 ____________ adj.严格的；严厉的 ____________ v.记住；记起
____________ v.遵循；跟随 ____________ n.幸运；运气 ____________ v.保持；保留
____________ v. 学习；学会
【短语梳理】
in the hallways 在走廊里 do the dishes 清洗餐具
be on time 准时 make the bed 铺床
in/ after class 在课上/下 leave sth. at/on/in sp. 把某物落在某地
the number of ……的数量 remember doing sth 记得做过某事
a number of……许多 remember to do sth 记得做某事
follow the rules 遵守规则 talk about 谈论某事
break the rules 打破规则 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
arrive late for class 上课迟到 too noisy/quiet 太闹/安静
be late for 迟到 feel well 感觉好
bring to 带来 be strict with sb. in sth. 对某人严格
listen to the music 听音乐 be strict with in（doing）sth. 对(做)某事严格
fight with 与某人打架 keep my hair short 我留短发
have to be quiet 不得不安静 play with friends 和朋友玩
a school uniform 一件校服 learn to do 学习去做某事
see friends 看朋友 learn from向…学习
practice the guitar 练习吉他 have fun doing 做某事有意思
practice doing sth 练习做某事 good luck 好运
【知识梳理】
感叹句
感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。
感叹句的形式
1.由what引导的感叹句：
基本机构为：What＋a/an＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！；
其中的名词为复数或者不可数时，结构为：What＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！
句中的主语和谓语有时也可以省略，结构为：What＋（a/an）＋形容词＋名词！
2.由how引导的感叹句:
基本结构为：How＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语！；
在一定的语境中，若句意明确，how后可省略形容词或副词，结构为：How＋主语＋谓语！
有时句中的主语和谓语也可以省略。
祈使句
祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句子。祈使句通常没有主语，句子的末尾使用句号或感叹号。
肯定祈使句形式：
Do型 动词原形（+宾语）+其他 Please come in.
Be型 Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他 Be a good child!
Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Let me help you.
否定祈使句形式：
Do型 Don’t+动词原形（+宾语）+其他 Don’t open the door
Be型 Don’t+Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他 Don’t be late.
Let型 Don’t+Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Let+宾语++not+动词原形+其他 Don’t let me help you. Let me not help you.
No开头的祈使句 No+名词 No+V-ing No photos/pictures. No smoking! No parking!
练习:
1.不要把书放在这儿。 ______________________________________.
2. Don’t ________ late for school.
A. is B. be C. arrives D. was
3. Lucy, ________________ in the bed.
A. don’t read B. not read C. no reading D. doesn’t read
4. The sign says “No________________!”
A. swim B. swims C. to swim D. swimming
6. Throw that piece of paper away. (改为否定祈使句)
_____________ _____________ that piece of paper away.
7. Pick some flowers, please. (改为否定祈使句)
_____________ pick _____________ flowers, please.
8. I have to look after myself. (改为否定句)
I _____________ _____________ _____________ look after myself.
9. Andy has to study for a test. (改为一般疑问句)
_____________ Andy _____________ study for a test
10. I can talk to Jenny's mother. (改为一般疑问句)
_____________ _____________ talk to Jenny's mother
【考点精析】
例1：How interesting __________ to have a picnic in the park!
A.are we B. we are C. is it D. it is
例2：—Steven，did you see the lantern show in Fuzhou？
—Of course, __________ beautiful lanterns!.
A.how B. what C. what a D. how a
例3：Tony, ________ me the truth, or I am going to leave the room.
A.to tell B. telling C. tell D. tells
例4：_________ shy, Tom. You are good at speaking English.
A.Not be B. Don’t be C. Be not D. Don’t to be
例5：________ me go. It is very important for me to join the party.
Do let B. Let do C. Doing let D.To do let
本单元的情态动词
1．can
(1) can的意思是“能, 会”, 它是情态动词, 后面要跟动词原形。can 没有人称和数的变化。
(2)含有can的陈述句在改为一般疑问句时, 要把can提前, 注意有some时, 一般要把some改为any。
(3)回答含有can的一般疑问句时, 要用can或can't。
2．must
must表示“必须，应该”之意，其否定形式mustn’t 表示“不准，不应该，禁止”等意。
3.must与have to have to 不得不....... 人称和数的变化，否定含义区别
【注意】以must开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't have to。
—Must I go with you？我必须跟你们走吗？
—Yes，you must./No，you needn't./No，you don't have to.是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
have to侧重于客观上的必要，必须，意为“不得不做某事”，后跟动词原形，其有人称和数的变化，主语为第三人称单数时用“has to”。
句型结构：肯定句—sb +have/has to+动词原形。
否定句—sb +don’t/doesn’t have to+动词原形。
一般疑问句—Does/Do +sb. +have to+动词原形？
肯定回答—Yes, …do/does.
否定回答—No, …don’t/doesn’t.
特殊疑问句—特殊疑问词+do/does +sb. +have to +动词原形？
例如：He has to work on Sunday.
He doesn’t have to work on Sunday.
Does he have to work on Sunday Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.
What day does he have to work
例题：Tom has to leave Beijing now.
否定句：___________________________________________
一般疑问句:_________________________________________
肯定回答： ___________________否定回答：_________________
特殊疑问句：_________________________________________
( )1.________ take the books out of the library. A．Not B．Can't C．Doesn't D．Don't
( )2.—________ dressed now！We have to go in ten minutes.—OK，Mom.
A．Getting B．Get C．To get D．Gets
( )3.Annie's bike is broken，so she ________ walk to school.
A．have to B．has to C．need to D．having to
4 ._______ I do the homework on my own ---- No, you_______ . You can work with your classmates.
5，Can we play soccer here ---No, you_______ play it near the road. That’s too dangerous.
6，Bill is ill. He _______ stay at home and rest.
7，Students _______ fight at school.
8，We are students and we_______ work hard at our lessons.
9.I can't go to the party.I ________ do my homework.
A．must B．can C．don't D．mustn't
10.—Can you eat in class —________，but we can eat outside the school.
A．Yes，we can B．No，we don't C．Yes，we are D．No，we can't
11．Sorry，you ____ play basketball in the classroom.
A．can't B．don't C．don't have to D．aren't
12．—Excuse me，may I keep the book a little longer —Sorry.You ____ return it today.
A．must B．mustn't C．can D．can't
13．People ____ wait until the traffic light becomes green.That's the traffic rule.
A．must B．can C．need D．may
14.—Can I eat some food here —________.But you can do it in the hallways.
A．Yes，please B．No，you can't C．No，you don't D．Yes，you can
15.It's 8：40，and I have a test at 9：00. So I ________ leave home now.
A．can B．must C．can't D．mustn't
16.—________ I ask my good friend Amy to the party，Ms. Jones —Sure，Sonia.
A．Do B．Can C．Must D．Need
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．We must ________ l (listen) to the teacher in class.
2．They can't ________ (talk) in the library.
9．Alice ________(can)do her homework，so she goes to ask her teacher for help.
4．Can we ________ (eat) here
5．He can________ (watch)TV before dinner.
6．You must________(do) your homework now.
7．Jack，you can't ________ (fight) with your brother.
8．We must________ (learn) English well at school.
9．You can't ______(wear)a hat in class.
10．You can't ____(eat)in the classroom.
11．We must ________ (listen) to the teacher in class.
12．They can't________ (talk) in the library.
13．Alice ________(can)swim，so she wants to take the swimming class.
14．Can we ________ (eat) here
15. You can't ______(play)basketball in class.
▲原创题 短文改错
The hobby I enjoy most is fishing. I started fishing until I was five years old. I’ll never forget the experience when my father first took me fishing with him. As long as we got to the bank, I began my work. I was holding a fishing rod while a fish suddenly started pulling on the line. I was such shocked that I fell into the water. However, the experience didn’t put me off, though I have been fishing ever since. Now I still go fishing with my father so I have time.
1._________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.___________ 5.____________
6._________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.___________ 10.____________
【随堂检测】
A卷 基础训练
1.—__________ weather it is! We can’t go boating on the Xuanwu Lake.
—Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Science Museum instead.
What good B. How good C.How bad D.What bad
2.—___________ it is today!
—Yes. Shall we go hiking
A.How fine weather B. What fine weather C.What a fine weather D.How fine the weather
3.What a lucky boy _______! He has won a four-week trip to France.
A.Daniel is B. is Daniel C.Daniel does D.does Daniel
4.—Listen! Our music teacher is playing the music of TWO BUTTERFLIES.
—___________!
A. What a sweet music B. How sweet music
C. How a sweet music D. What sweet music
5.—It’s said that a foreign English teacher will teach us English next term.
—Wow! _________! We can practice our oral English better.
A. What an excited news B. How excited the news is
C. How exciting news D. What exciting news
6.—Please don’t throw paper on the ground. —_________, I won’t.
A.Excuse me B. That’s all right C. Sorry D. It doesn’t matter
7.They are very tired. Why _________ have a rest
A.not they B.do not they C. don’t they D.not them
8.Many children are left alone in the countryside. Let’s try our best _______ them.
A.help B. helping C.to help D.helps
9.________ up early tomorrow, or you can’t catch the train.
A.Getting B. Get C.To get D.Got
10.A sign with words “_________” is often found in a bus.
A.Not Parking B.Not Smoking C. No Parking D.No Smoking
【随堂检测】
B卷 走进重高
单词填空
1.Boys, stop t_______ stones to the poor dog.
2.It’s an important meeting. __________(not be) late.
3._________ (wear)more clothes or you will catch a cold.
4.Let’s __________ (not say)anything about it.
5.________(be)sure to bring your hat with you.
二、用how或what填空
1.________ fast the cat runs!
2.________ pretty the young woman is!
3.________ famous singer Liu Huan is!
4.________ strongly the wind is blowing!
5.________ horrible films!
6.________ lovely toy she bought for her daughter!
7.________ life they’re living!
8.________ brave a boy his son is!
9.________ great success!
10._______ wonderful ideas!
三、语法填空。
Hello, everyone. We are going to have an ____1____ （excited） trip to the Space Restaurant this Sunday. We will _____2___ （meet） at 8: 00 o'clock. It'll take ____3____ （we） more than 3 hours ____4____ （get） there. The restaurant ___5_____ beautiful. It's very clean. There will be lots ____6____ delicious food. We will enjoy _____7___ （eat） the food. After lunch, we ____8____ （see） a film about space. At 4:00 p. m. , we ____9____ （go） home. I think we will have ____10____ good time.
C卷 培优拔尖练
一、【中考链接】
1．—________ swim in this river. It’s quite deep.—Thanks for telling me.
No B．Not C．Don’t D．Doesn’t
2．You look quite tired. You'd better ________ a good rest.
A．stop to have B．stop having C．to stop to have D．to stop having
3．It’s quite hot in the room. You’d better the windows or the door.
A．close B．not to close C．don’t close D．not close
4.— I hand in the report today？
—No，you needn't
Can B.Must C.Shall D.Could
二、【按要求完成句子,每空一词】
1.You can't park your car here.(改为祈使句)_________ _________ your car here.
2.You can listen to music in the music room.(对画线部分提问)
_________ _________ _________ listen to music
3.I have to finish the work today.(改为否定句)
I_________ _________ _________ finish the work today.
4.Ann has to arrive there at nine o'clock.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
-_________ Ann_________ _________ arrive there at nine o'clock -Yes, _________ _________.
5.They have to get up before 6:30 every morning.(对画线部分提问)
_________ _________ they_________ _________ _________ before 6:30 every morning

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