资源简介

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 单元测试
一、阅读理解
Mandela became president in South Africa’s historic 1994 election. After that, he often looked to Walter Sisulu, one of his closest friends for more than sixty years, for guidance. Sisulu was in many ways as important as Mandela in the fight against South Africa’s racist system.
In 1944, the two, along with the late Oliver Tambo, founded the ANC Youth League. The ANCYL favored a more militant way to the movement against the government. They soon took over the ANC, with Sisulu serving as its secretary general from 1949 to 1954. In 1963, he, Mandela and other top ANC leaders were sentenced to life in prison.
Sisulu was always calm and patient after he was released. The day after his release on Oct. 15, 1989, Sisulu explained to reporters how “it was not possible to lose hope because the spirit of the people outside was too great.” Mandela’s release came four months later.
Sisulu was born in 1912. Unlike Mandela, whose father was a chief, Sisulu was the child of a black maid and a white worker. His father left the family when Sisulu was small.
He was educated for a while at a local school, but left when he was 15 to support his family. He took whatever jobs he could, and continued to learn on his own. In 1940, he joined the ANC and got Mandela to join it a year later.
“Our paths first met in 1941. During the past 62 years, our lives have been closely connected. We shared the joy of living, and the pain. We walked side by side through the valley of death. Together we enjoyed the taste of freedom,” Mandela said after Sisulu died on May 5th, 2003. “A part of me is gone.”
1．In what way was Sisulu similar to Mandela
A．He also supported peaceful means. B．He also ran for the 1994 election.
C．He was also a founder of the ANC． D．He was also a great freedom fighter.
2．What made Sisulu feel hopeful about the future
A．Mandela’s release. B．The people’s power.
C．The prisoners’ high spirits. D．Reporters’ encouragement.
3．What did Mandela tell us about in the last paragraph
A．His lifelong friendship with Sisulu. B．His important influence on Sisulu.
C．His hard efforts to win freedom. D．His opinions on Sisulu’s life.
4．What is the purpose of the text
A．To compare Sisulu with Mandela. B．To show the greatness of Mandela.
C．To explain the history of the ANCYL. D．To describe Sisulu’s life and achievements.
“Going after the footprints of wild animals, you can see the most beautiful scenery in the world. You can see the other side of the world, full of strength, wildness and tenderness,” said Xi Zhinong about being a wildlife photographer.
In 1983, 19-year-old Xi had an opportunity to take part in shooting a film about wild birds. At the time, people didn’t know how to photograph these birds without disturbing them. Crews used to catch the birds, tie their legs with ropes and then put them back on tree branches for shooting. Xi thought the birds captured this way had no life. Instead, he set out to learn how to photograph and film birds while they were in flight. The more Xi filmed, the more he saw the cruelty of animals killing. Xi thought he should do more to help protect the wildlife, as focusing on birds was far from enough.
In 1992, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) launched a three-year research project focused on black snub-nosed monkeys, an endangered species in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, Xi’s hometown. Xi followed the researchers to reach the forests at 4,000 meters above sea level. He became the first to film these striking monkeys in the wild. After years of effort, Xi’s documentary film “Mystery Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkey” won several international awards, including the TVE award at England’s Wildscreen Festival in 2002.
Xi not only films endangered species, but has also taken on the mission of raising awareness for the protection of wild animals and their homes by giving lectures in cities throughout the country.
Now, he owns a studio “Wild China Film” and uses his images to preserve nature. “I hope to demonstrate the most vivid and realistic scenery to the public. I wish natural reserves can be found everywhere in China, but the most important thing is that these reserves are impressed upon in the minds of everybody,” Xi noted.
5．In shooting a film about wild birds, Xi Zhinong __________.
A．found what crews used to do with birds was practical
B．realized he should play a role in protecting wild animals
C．appreciated the beautiful scenery by following wild birds
D．improved the way of taking photographs of captured birds
6．Through the three-year WWF project, __________.
A．Xi carried out the pioneering research by himself
B．Xi discovered the mystery of his hometown forests
C．Xi won awards for his photos of the endangered species
D．Xi exposed the black snub-nosed monkeys to the world
7．Which of the following statements is TRUE of Xi
A．He is making efforts to promote wildlife preservation.
B．He is fond of making films of the hidden side of the world.
C．He is proud of being recognized as a famous photographer.
D．He aims at showing natural scenery in China to other countries.
8．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A．Narrating the bird film to the public
B．Impressing the world with self-image
C．Growing from photographer to defender
D．Turning unknown monkeys into superstars
As snow began to fall in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Sunday night, Bethel Park High School football coach Brian DeLallo didn’t think twice when he logged onto his computer to share an update with the team. “Due to expected severe weather, Monday’s weightlifting workout has been cancelled,” he wrote in a tweet and email to players. “Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (铲雪) their driveway. Don’t accept any money — that’s our Monday workout.”
Around 40 players did exactly what coach DeLallo instructed, heading outdoors in cold temperatures on Martin Luther King Day to help the community. DeLallo said before he even woke up, players were out in their neighborhoods shoveling. David Shelpman, 16, who shoveled 10 driveways over the past few years, said it was “honestly just the right thing to do.” Aidan Campbell, 17, agreed. “It’s genuinely a privilege to be able to hang out with your friends and have fun while at the same time making a big difference to someone who would love to shovel their driveway but can’t for whatever reason,” Campbell said.
Bethel Park resident Robert Klein was overpowered by the gesture. “I have lived in Bethel Park for more than 40 years now and acts of kindness like this are exactly why I have stayed for as I have and why I will never leave.” Klein said. “These young men don’t’ know how much something like this means to me and it makes me so proud to live here.”
Bethel Park High School principal Joseph Villani said, “Coach DeLallo is a great leader who teaches character first, both on and off the field. While he is recognized for this one tweet, this is how he always is as a coach, teacher and person.” DeLallo said shoveling snow instead of working out is not new for the western Pennsylvania high school. “This is something that we’ve done for 20 plus years here. Former coach Jeff Metheny started it and I am just carrying on that tradition.” In fact, high school programs all over western Pennsylvania participate in paying it forward.
9．Why did DeLallo call off the weightlifting workout
A．A heavy storm hit the area. B．He was injured during the training.
C．The players raised no money for their program. D．The players helped neighbors clear their driveways.
10．What’s the players’ attitude to their coach’s new instruction
A．Impatient. B．Annoyed. C．Excited. D．Surprised.
11．Who created this school’s tradition of clearing driveways for others
A．Brian DeLallo. B．Robert Klein.
C．Joseph Villani. D．Jeff Metheny.
12．What can be the best title for the text
A．Coach Sends Athletes to Shovel Neighbors’ Driveways
B．Unexpected Storm Swept Across Pennsylvania and Caused Damage
C．Traditional Way of Weightlifting Workout Proved Effective
D．All High School Programs Worked Together to Overcome Tough Times
Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani student and education activist who began speaking out for girls’ education at the age of 11. After surviving an assassination (暗杀) at the age of 15, she co-founded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear. Her fund supports every girl’s right to 12 years of free, safe, quality education and works mainly in countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, India and Nigeria.
Malala believes girls are the best investment (投资) in the future peace and further development of our world. It will never be a wrong choice to spend money on girls.
In 2014 the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai the Nobel Peace Prize for their fight against the suppression (镇压) of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. Malala became the youngest-ever Nobel Peace Prize winner.
Accepting the award, Malala said, “This award is not just for me. It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children who want peace. It is for those voiceless children who want change. ”
In her new picture book, Malala’s Magic Pencil, Malala returns to her childhood to teach young readers about the importance of hope, believing in magic, and making the world a better place.
Malala’s first book, her personal life story co-written with Christina Lamb, I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World, was published in 2013. She is also the subject of the 2015 film He Named Me Malala.
13．What’s the purpose of the Malala Fund
A．To improve girls’ safety. B．To get young girls to school.
C．To improve people’s living conditions. D．To win women lifetime education rights.
14．Which of the following is Malala’s opinion of girls according to Paragraph 2
A．They are quite good at making investments.
B．They are in greater need of peace than boys.
C．They will play an important role in the future.
D．They do more for the development of the world than boys.
15．What can be inferred from what Malala said while accepting the award
A．She has a caring attitude.
B．She is satisfied with her education.
C．She feels powerless to change the world.
D．She will have more supporters in the coming years.
16．What can be learned about Malala’s Magic Pencil
A．It teaches readers how to draw. B．It was Malala’s first book.
C．It was a co-written book. D．It spreads hope.
17．Based on the passage, what virtues can be concluded from Malala
A．Friendliness and generosity. B．Thankfulness and honesty.
C．Courage and helpfulness. D．Trust and kindness.
The Oxford English Dictionary defines work as the “mental or physical activity as a means of earning income”. Since the industrial revolution, the working world has seen dramatic changes, 18 We could never have dreamed of most of them just decades ago.
We are finding new ways to explore our inborn talents and use our knowledge and skills for the good of the world. Yet most of us are operating under an outdated definition of work. We think work should be hard and that it should be a sacrifice. 19 Only powerful and successful people are able to experience the pleasure of working.
20 As a saying goes, “The mind is everything. Whatever you think, you become.” Stanford psychologist Carol Dweek’s research on the power of thinking and a growth mindset provides even more evidence that our realities and futures are greatly shaped by how our minds approach the situation.
The next best step is to come up with your own definition of work. Think through the following two questions: 21 How similar or different is your actual day-to-day work to or from your definition Ask these questions often—not just once.
If you want to spend the majority of your time loving what you do and feeling a deep sense of fulfillment, you need to take charge of creating this for yourself. It doesn’t matter whether you are a businessman or a student with a part-time job. 22
A．What is your definition of work
B．New jobs are being created every day.
C．Do you understand the definition of work
D．Enjoying work is simply something “nice to have”.
E．We are supposed to work hard to satisfy our own need.
F．But we must remember that the mind creates the experience.
G．You have more power to manage your experience of work than you believe.
二、完形填空
Madison Williams was studying in her bedroom in Dublin, Ohio, in August 2016 when the door burst open. It was her mother, Leigh Williams, with a(an) 23 story: “A little boy fell into a septic tank (化粪池), and no one can 24 him.” Then she made this 25 of her 13-year-old daughter: Can you help
Madison and Leigh ran to a neighbor’s yard, where they found the boy’s 26 mother and other adults surrounding a septic tank opening. Its diameter was 27 wider than a basketball. The boy had 28 in and was drowning in the sewage (污水).
Madison quickly 29 the situation. She was the only one who could 30 through the small hole. Without 31 , she told the adults, “Lower me in.” Inside, the tank was dark, and the air 32 . In the process of finding the boy, her left wrist was injured by a hidden pole so 33 that the hand was useless. But Madison went on skimming the surface of the sewage, hoping to 34 the boy. “Every once in a while, I’d see his little toes she says. “Then I would try to grab them.” After several failed 35 , she finally managed to grasp his foot tightly with her 36 hand. “Pull me up!” she shouted to the others above. Ten minutes after Madison had entered the tank, she and the boy were 37 out.
But the boy wasn’t out of 38 . He had been taken away from oxygen long enough that he wasn’t breathing. He was 39 on his side, and an adult gave him several hard beats on the 40 , one right after the other, until the boy coughed up liquids. It was only when Madison heard him cry that she knew he was all right.
It took Madison longer to 41 than the boy. She experienced months of physical treatment for her wrist, which, says neighbor Mary, made the girl’s actions more 42 .
23．A．amazing B．puzzling C．embarrassing D．frightening
24．A．reach B．find C．see D．hold
25．A．decision B．request C．recommendation D．order
26．A．cautious B．curious C．anxious D．courageous
27．A．tightly B．closely C．slightly D．specially
28．A．skipped B．run C．wandered D．slipped
29．A．surveyed B．looked C．decided D．described
30．A．suit B．walk C．break D．fit
31．A．permission B．hesitation C．doubt D．question
32．A．disgusting B．confusing C．bright D．dry
33．A．obviously B．hardly C．lightly D．severely
34．A．notice B．search C．feel D．strike
35．A．attempts B．studies C．ideas D．invitations
36．A．left B．strong C．good D．injured
37．A．picked B．lifted C．pushed D．put
38．A．breath B．trouble C．sorrow D．control
39．A．placed B．lain C．sent D．carried
40．A．head B．chest C．back D．foot
41．A．drown B．cough C．cure D．recover
42．A．attractive B．impressive C．modest D．considerate
三、书信写作
43．假定你是李华，将在植树节的时候去参加社区组织的植树活动，请你写一封信邀请你的英国朋友Tom来参加。内容包括：
1. 节日介绍； 2. 时间地点； 3. 活动过程。
注意： 1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
四、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s just another day for William Lindesay. It begins by spending some time with his sons… and the Great Wall of China. He has lost count of the number of times he 44 (climb) the wall. However, he still remembers the day he first saw 45 .
The UK native came back to China in 1986 with 46 (plan) to run the wall's entire 47 (long) — but it didn’t quite work out that time. He came back a year later and fulfilled his dream, before finally settling in China in 1990. Lindesay has had eight books on the Great Wall 48 (publish) over the years. He has completed three photo projects that show 49 it has changed with the passage of time and led conservation efforts to protect it. Now he and his Chinese friends are using drones (无人机) 50 (film) the Great Wall, which provides a 51 (complete) new and fascinating perspective.
In many ways, the Great Wall has defined Lindesay’s life. His solo adventure 52 (describe) as “the most successful foreign exploration of the Great Wall”. He even received a medal 53 the Chinese government for his conservation efforts.
五、书面表达
54．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Another disappointing day was passing, and he was driving his beat-up old car home. He was out all day looking for a job. It was getting dark and light snow was coming down, so he almost didn’t see the old lady standing on the side of the road. It was clear that she needed help. He pulled up in front of her obviously brand new and expensive car and got out.
While nobody had stopped to help for the last hour and there was a smile on his face, she was worried when he approached her. He didn’t look safe. He looked poor and hungry.
He could see she was frightened, standing out there in the cold. He said, “I’m here to help you, ma’am. Why don’t you wait in your car to keep warm My name is Bryan.”
A tire was flat. Bryan fetched tools from his own car to change the tire. But he had to get dirty and his hands hurt. As he was tightening her car’s nuts, she rolled down the window, said thanks and asked him how much she owed him. Any amount would have been all right with her. She had already imagined all the awful things that could have happened without his help.
Bryan never thought twice about the money. He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed. He waited until she started her car and drove off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but he felt good as he headed for home.
Soon the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in to grab a bite to eat and warm up before she made the last leg of her trip home. The waitress came over with a sweet smile and brought a clean towel to wipe her wet hair. The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的). Although the waitress looked tired and walked painfully due to the pregnancy, she still served the lady.
Paragraph 1:
After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a one-hundred-dollar bill. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night when the waitress got home from work, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了和曼德拉同为伟大自由战士的Walter Sisulu的个人经历。介绍了其个人情况、家庭背景、受教育情况以及和曼德拉的友谊。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sisulu was in many ways as important as Mandela in the fight against South Africa’s racist system.”可知在反对南非种族主义制度的斗争中，西苏鲁在很多方面都和曼德拉一样重要。由此可知，西苏鲁和曼德拉的相似之处在于，西苏鲁也是一个伟大的自由战士。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The day after his release on Oct. 15, 1989, Sisulu explained to reporters how ‘it was not possible to lose hope because the spirit of the people outside was too great.’”可知1989年10月15日，西苏鲁获释后的第二天，他向记者解释说：“人们不可能失去希望，因为外面的人民精神太伟大了。”由此可知，是人民的力量让西苏鲁对未来充满希望。故选B。
3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘Our paths first met in 1941. During the past 62 years, our lives have been closely connected. We shared the joy of living, and the pain. We walked side by side through the valley of death. Together we enjoyed the taste of freedom,’ Mandela said after Sisulu died on May 5th, 2003. ‘A part of me is gone.’”可知“我们的道路首次相遇是在1941年。在过去的62年里，我们的生活紧密相连。我们分享了生活的快乐，也分享了痛苦。我们肩并肩地走过死亡之谷。我们一起享受了自由的滋味，”2003年5月5日西苏鲁去世后，曼德拉说。“我的一部分消失了。”由此可知，曼德拉在最后一段告诉了我们，曼德拉和西苏鲁一生的友谊。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Mandela became president in South Africa’s historic 1994 election. After that, he often looked to Walter Sisulu, one of his closest friends for more than sixty years, for guidance. Sisulu was in many ways as important as Mandela in the fight against South Africa’s racist system.”可知曼德拉在1994年南非历史性的选举中当选总统。从那以后，他经常向60多年来最亲密的朋友Walter Sisulu寻求指导。在反对南非种族主义制度的斗争中，西苏鲁在很多方面都和曼德拉一样重要。结合文章主要记叙了和曼德拉同为伟大自由战士的Walter Sisulu的个人经历。介绍了其个人情况、家庭背景、受教育情况以及和曼德拉的友谊。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是讲述西苏鲁的一生和成就。故选D。
5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了野生动物摄影师Xi Zhinong从追踪拍摄野生动物到投身于保护野生动物的事业中的事迹。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1983, 19-year-old Xi had an opportunity to take part in shooting a film about wild birds.(1983年，19岁的习有机会参加拍摄一部关于野生鸟类的电影)”和“The more Xi filmed, the more he saw the cruelty of animals killing. Xi thought he should do more to help protect the wildlife, as focusing on birds was far from enough.(习拍得越多，就越看到动物杀戮的残忍。习认为他应该为保护野生动物做更多的事情，因为只关注鸟类是远远不够的)”可知，在拍摄一部关于野生鸟类的电影时，习子龙意识到自己应该为保护野生动物出一份力。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 1992, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) launched a three-year research project focused on black snub-nosed monkeys, an endangered species in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, Xi’s hometown.(1992年，世界自然基金会启动了一项为期三年的研究项目，重点研究中国西南部云南省的濒危物种滇金丝猴，那里是习的家乡)”和“After years of effort, Xi’s documentary film ‘Mystery Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkey’ won several international awards, including the TVE award at England’s Wildscreen Festival in 2002.(经过多年努力，习的纪录片《神秘滇金丝猴》获得了多个国际奖项，包括2002年英国Wildscreen Festival的TVE奖)”可知，通过为期三年的世界自然基金会项目，习将滇金丝猴展现在世人面前。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Xi not only films endangered species, but has also taken on the mission of raising awareness for the protection of wild animals and their homes by giving lectures in cities throughout the country. (习不仅拍摄濒危物种，还在全国各地城市举办讲座，提高人们保护野生动物及其家园的意识)”和最后一段中习所说的话“I wish natural reserves can be found everywhere in China, but the most important thing is that these reserves are impressed upon in the minds of everybody,(我希望自然保护区在中国到处都能找到，但最重要的是，这些保护区在每个人的脑海中留下了深刻的印象)”可知，他正在努力推动野生动物保护是正确的表述。故选A项。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了野生动物摄影师Xi Zhinong从追踪拍摄野生动物到投身于保护野生动物的事业的事迹。故“Growing from photographer to defender(从摄影师到守护者)”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。
9．A 10．C 11．D 12．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。周日晚上，宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡开始降雪，伯特利公园高中橄榄球队教练布莱恩·德拉洛让队员为邻居铲雪清理车道作为训练任务。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“As snow began to fall in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Sunday night”(周日晚上，宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡开始降雪)和第二句中的“Due to expected severe weather, Monday’s weightlifting workout has been cancelled”(由于预期的恶劣天气，周一的举重训练取消)可知，德拉洛取消了举重训练是因为当地下了暴风雪。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段第三句中的“said it was “honestly just the right thing to do.””(他说这“确实是应该做的事。”)和第四句第五句“Aidan Campbell, 17, agreed. “It’s genuinely a privilege to be able to hang out with your friends and have fun while at the same time making a big difference to someone who would love to shovel their driveway but can’t for whatever reason,” Campbell said.”(17岁的艾丹·坎贝尔表示同意。坎贝尔说：“能够和朋友们一起出去玩，玩得开心，同时又能给那些想要铲车道上的雪却因为各种原因不能铲的人带来很大的改变，这真的是一种特权。”)可知，队员们对教练新指示的态度是非常兴奋的。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段倒第二句“Former coach Jeff Metheny started it and I am just carrying on that tradition.”(前教练杰夫·梅塞尼开创了这一传统，我只是继承了这一传统。)可知，杰夫·梅塞尼开创了学校为他人清理车道的传统。故选D。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (铲雪) their driveway. Don’t accept any money — that’s our Monday workout.”(找一个年老或残疾的邻居，为他们的铲车道。不要收钱。这是我们星期一的训练活动。)可知，文章主要是讲一名教练让队员为邻居铲雪清理车道。故选A。
13．B 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了诺贝尔和平奖获得者马拉拉的人生故事。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After surviving an assassination (暗杀) at the age of 15, she co-founded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear.(在15岁的一次暗杀中幸存下来后，她与父亲共同创立了马拉拉基金，旨在创造一个世界，让世界各地的女孩都能毫无恐惧地接受教育。)”可知，这个基金会旨在让女孩能够进入校园接受教育。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Malala believes girls are the best investment in the future peace and further development of our world.(马拉拉认为，女孩是世界未来和平和进一步发展的最佳投资。)”可知，马拉拉认为应该在女孩身上投资，因为她们会对将来社会的发展与和平做出贡献。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段中马拉拉的讲话内容“It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children who want peace. It is for those voiceless children who want change.(这是为了那些被遗忘的孩子，他们需要教育。这是为那些渴望和平的受惊的孩子们准备的。这是为了那些想要改变的没有发言权的孩子们。)”可知，她心系他人，关爱他人。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In her new picture book, Malala’s Magic Pencil, Malala returns to her childhood to teach young readers about the importance of hope, believing in magic, and making the world a better place.(在她的新绘本《马拉拉的魔法铅笔》中，马拉拉回到了她的童年，告诉年轻读者希望的重要性，相信魔法，让世界变得更美好。)”可知, 这本书传播希望。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After surviving an assassination (暗杀) at the age of 15, she co-founded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear.(在15岁的一次暗杀中幸存下来后，她与父亲共同创立了马拉拉基金，旨在创造一个世界，让世界各地的女孩都能毫无恐惧地接受教育。)”可推断，马拉拉很有勇气。在根据第一段中的“Her fund supports every girl’s right to 12 years of free, safe, quality education and works mainly in countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, India and Nigeria.(她的基金支持每个女孩获得12年免费、安全、优质教育的权利，主要在巴基斯坦、阿富汗、印度和尼日利亚等国家开展工作。)” 可推断，马拉拉乐于助人。故选C。
18．B 19．D 20．F 21．A 22．G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了工作的定义由一个人的思维来决定，因此要提出自己对工作的定义，同时如果想把大部分时间花在热爱你所做的事情上，并感到一种深深的成就感，你需要为自己创造这种成就感。
18．根据上文Since the industrial revolution, the working world has seen dramatic changes（自从工业革命以来，工作世界每天都在发生着巨大的变化。）可知随着工业革命，工作机会也增多了，每天都在创造新的就业机会。故选B。
19．结合上文Yet most of us are operating under an outdated definition of work. We think work should be hard and that it should be a sacrifice.（然而，我们大多数人都在一个过时的工作定义下工作。我们认为工作应该是艰苦的，应该是一种牺牲。）以及下文Only powerful and successful people are able to experience the pleasure of working.（只有有权势和成功的人才能体会到工作的乐趣。）可知是在描述个人对工作的感受，故D选项“享受工作只是一种“美好的享受”。”符合上下文语境。故选D。
20．根据下文As a saying goes, “The mind is everything. Whatever you think, you become.”（俗话说:“思想决定一切。”无论你想什么，你都会成为。”）可知是在强调体验是由思维创造的。故F选项“但我们必须记住，体验是由思维创造的。”符合上下文语境。故选F。
21．结合上文Think through the following two questions:（思考以下两个问题:）可知下文应为两个关于工作的问题，故A选项“你对工作的定义是什么 ”符合上下文语境。故选A。
22．结合上文If you want to spend the majority of your time loving what you do and feeling a deep sense of fulfillment, you need to take charge of creating this for yourself. It doesn’t matter whether you are a businessman or a student with a part-time job.（如果你想把大部分时间花在热爱你所做的事情上，并感到一种深深的成就感，你需要为自己创造这种成就感。无论你是商人还是做兼职的学生。）可知是在强调发挥自己的思想的作用，思想会决定是否对自己的工作有成就感。故G选项“你有比你想象中更大的力量来掌控你的工作体验。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了一个小男孩掉进化粪池，小女孩Madison在救援的过程中，一只手受了严重的伤，但她不顾个人疼痛，勇敢救出了这个小男孩的故事。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲利·威廉姆斯讲了一个可怕的故事：“一个小男孩掉进了化粪池，没人能够得着他。”A. amazing惊人的；B. puzzling令人困惑的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. frightening吓人的。由“A little boy fell into a septic tank (化粪池), and no one can ___2___ him.”可知一个小男孩掉到了化粪池里了，这是非常吓人的故事。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲利·威廉姆斯讲了一个可怕的故事：“一个小男孩掉进了化粪池，没人能够得着他。”A. reach到达；B. find找到；C. see看见；D. hold持有。结合后文请求女儿的帮助可知，没有人能够够到他。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她向她13岁的女儿提出了这样一个请求：你能帮帮我吗？A. decision决定；B. request请求；C. recommendation建议；D. order命令。由“Can you help ”可知她向她的女儿提出了一个请求。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊和利跑到邻居家的院子里，发现男孩焦虑的母亲和其他成年人围在化粪池的开口旁。A. cautious谨慎的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. courageous勇敢的。孩子掉到了化粪池里，他的母亲必然很焦虑。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它的直径比一个篮球略宽。A. tightly紧紧地；B. closely亲密地；C. slightly稍微；D. specially特别。根据后文“wider than a basketball”指化粪池的直径稍微比一个篮球宽一些。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩滑入，并且淹没在污水中。A. skipped跳跃；B. run奔跑；C. wandered漫游；D. slipped滑入。根据后文“in and was drowning in the sewage”可知，这个男孩滑入，并且淹没在污水中。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊迅速调查了一下情况。A. surveyed调查；B. looked看；C. decided决定；D. described描述。根据后文“the situation”可知，麦迪逊迅速调查了一下情况。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是唯一能穿过这个小洞的人。A. suit适合，合身；B. walk散步；C. break打破；D. fit适合。根据后文“through the small hole”可知，她是唯一能穿过这个小洞的人，指尺寸大小适合应用fit。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有犹豫，她对其他成年人说：“把我放低。”A. permission允许；B. hesitation犹豫；C. doubt怀疑；D. question问题。根据后文“she told the adults, “Lower me in.””可知，她没有犹豫。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：化粪池里面很黑，空气令人作呕。A. disgusting令人厌恶的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. bright明亮的；D. dry干燥的。化粪池的空气必然是令人恶心。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在寻找男孩的过程中，她的左手腕被一根隐藏的杆子严重划伤，手无法使用。A. obviously显然；B. hardly几乎不；C. lightly轻地；D. severely严重地。由“that the hand was useless.”可知她的左手腕伤得很严重。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但麦迪逊继续在污水表面掠过，希望能摸到那个男孩。A. notice注意；B. search搜索；C. feel感觉；D. strike打击。根据宾语the boy指希望触摸到这个男孩。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在几次失败的尝试后，她终于设法用她那只完好的手紧紧抓住了他的脚。A. attempts尝试；B. studies学习；C. ideas想法；D. invitations邀请。根据上文“After several failed”指经过几次失败的尝试，故选A。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在几次失败的尝试后，她终于设法用她那只完好的手紧紧抓住了他的脚。A. left留下的；B. strong强壮的；C. good好的；D. injured受伤的。由“In the process of finding the boy, her left wrist was injured by a hidden pole so ___11___ that the hand was useless.”可知经过几次失败的尝试，最终，她成功地用好的一只手紧紧地抓住了他的脚。故选C。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊进入化粪池十分钟后，她和男孩被抬了出来。A. picked捡起；B. lifted举起；C. pushed推；D. put放置。由““Pull me up!” she shouted to the others above.”可知在麦迪逊进入化粪池十分钟后，他和这个小男孩被抬升出来。故选B。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这个男孩儿没有摆脱麻烦。A. breath呼吸；B. trouble麻烦；C. sorrow悲伤；D. control控制。由“He had been taken away from oxygen long enough that he wasn’t breathing.”可知这个男孩儿没有摆脱麻烦。故选B。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被侧卧着，一个大人在他背上重重地打了几下，一个接一个，直到男孩咳出了液体。A. placed放置；B. lain躺；C. sent发送；D. carried搬运。根据后文“on his side”指男孩被侧放着，故选A。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被侧卧着，一个大人在他背上重重地打了几下，一个接一个，直到男孩咳出了液体。A. head头；B. chest胸；C. back后背；D. foot脚。根据后文“until the boy coughed up liquids”以及常识，应该是拍背咳出液体。故选C。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊恢复的时间比男孩长。A. drown溺水；B. cough咳嗽；C. cure治愈；D. recover恢复。根据后文“She experienced months of physical treatment”可知，麦迪逊恢复的时间比男孩长。故选D。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的邻居玛丽说，她的手腕经历了几个月的物理治疗，这让她的行为更加令人印象深刻。A. attractive吸引人的；B. impressive印象深刻的；C. modest谦虚的；D. considerate体贴的。根据上文可知，麦迪逊恢复的时间比男孩长，她的手腕经历了几个月的物理治疗，这让她的行为更加令人印象深刻。故选B。
43．Dear Tom,
As the Tree-planting Day is around the corner, I am writing to invite you to join us for an activity.
The approaching Tree-planting Day is set up to arouse the public’s awareness of environmental-protecting. Scheduled at 8:00 on March 12th, the activity will last approximately 3 hours in People’s Park. Upon arrival, we will plant trees along the river, and after everyone finishes, a little tag will be attached to each tree with a name on it.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Tom写信邀请他在植树节的时候去参加社区组织的植树活动，介绍植树节，并告知具体事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
即将来临：around the corner→approach
邀请：invite →call for
大约：approximately→about
安排：schedule→arrange
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Upon arrival, we will plant trees along the river.
拓展句：The moment we arrive there, we will plant trees along the river.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the Tree-planting Day is around the corner, I am writing to invite you to join us for an activity. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】The approaching Tree-planting Day is set up to arouse the public’s awareness of environmental-protecting. （运用了动词不定式做目的状语）
44．has climbed 45．it 46．plans 47．length 48．published 49．how 50．to film 51．completely 52．is/was/has been described 53．from
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了William Lindesay与长城的故事，他出版了八本关于长城的书，完成了三个摄影项目，展示了它是如何随着时间的推移而变化的，并领导了保护工作。他的个人冒险被称为“外国长城探险最成功的一次”。他甚至获得了中国政府颁发的一枚奖章，以表彰他在保护环境方面所做的努力。
44．考查时态。句意：他已记不清爬了几次长城了。分析句子可知，此处表示爬长城是William Lindesay从过去到现在一直做的事情，应用现在完成时。故填has climbed。
45．考查代词。句意：然而，他仍然记得第一次看到它的那天。分析句子可知，此处的it指代的是上文的“the Great Wall”。故填it。
46．考查名词复数。句意：这位土生土长的英国人于1986年回到中国，计划跑完整个长城——但当时并没有完全成功。plan是可数名词，分析句子可知，此处指“William Lindesay跑完长城的计划”，表泛指，应用复数形式。故填plans。
47．考查名词。句意：这位土生土长的英国人于1986年回到中国，计划跑完整个长城-但当时并没有完全成功。分析句子可知，此处应表示“长城的长度”，应用名词。故填length。
48．考查过去分词。句意：多年来，林赛已经出版了八本关于长城的书。分析句子可知，此处已有谓语动词had，应用非谓语动词，且publish与books之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填published。
49．考查宾语从句。句意：他已经完成了三个摄影项目，展示了它是如何随着时间的推移而变化的，并领导了保护工作。分析句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句，且表示“展示了它是如何随着时间的推移而变化的”。应用how来引导。故填how。
50．考查动词不定式。句意：现在，他和他的中国朋友们正在用无人机拍摄长城，这提供了一个全新而迷人的视角。分析句子可知，此处表示用无人机的目的是拍摄长城，应用动词不定式表示。故填to film。
51．考查副词。句意：现在，他和他的中国朋友们正在用无人机拍摄长城，这提供了一个全新而迷人的视角。分析句子可知，此处的completely修饰new and fascinating，修饰形容词用副词。故填completely。
52．考查时态。句意：他的个人冒险被称为“外国长城探险最成功的一次”。分析句子可知，此处的describe与主语solo adventure之间是被动关系。且分析文章可知，此处使用一般过去时，一般现在时或现在完成时的被动语态皆可。故填is/was/has been described。
53．考查介词。句意：他甚至获得了中国政府颁发的一枚奖章，以表彰他在保护环境方面所做的努力。分析句子可知，奖章是来自于中国政府的。故填from。
54．Paragraph 1:
After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a one-hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change for her hundred-dollar bill, but the old lady had driven off. She was gone by the time the waitress came back The waitress wondered where the lady did so. Then she noticed something written on a napkin. There were tears in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote “You don't owe me anything. I have been there too. Somebody, once helped me out the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you dodo not let this chain of love end with you.” Under the napkin were four more hundred-dollar bills.
Paragraph 2:
That night when the waitress got home from work, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. She was wondering how the lady knew she and her husband were in need. With the baby to be bom next month, life was going to be hard. She knew how worried her husband was, and now everything is going to be all right. Knowing what had happened, her husband, Bryan, shed tears of joy and gratitude.
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，要求续写该故事。
【详解】根据文章内容可知，布莱恩帮助了一位女士，但他不求回报，希望女士将爱传递下去，女士走后去餐馆吃饭，根据第一段的提示内容“那位女士用完餐后，她付了一百美元。”可以推测出本段是讲述女士用她的方式把爱传递给了孕妇服务员；根据第二段的提示内容“那天晚上，当女服务员下班回家时，她在想那笔钱和那位女士写的东西。”可知，本段应是讲述服务员回家后告诉家人所发生的的事，可以设想一下戏剧性的结局，比如女服务员的丈夫就是布莱恩。
【点睛】本文续写完全符合要求，思路清晰，情节合理。文章使用了几个高分句型。1. The waitress wondered where the lady did so. 本句是where引导的宾语从句。2. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you dodo not let this chain of love end with you.” 本句含if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的表语从句。3. She was wondering how the lady knew she and her husband were in need. 本句是how引导的宾语从句。

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